No preview available
HomeMy WebLinkAboutLUA-08-093 (1 OF 3)_Misc( --------------~- Df=V~LOPMl,NT ST,\ND/1RDS -DENSITY AND DIMENSIONS 21Al2 010 -21A17 030 21A.12.010 Purpose. TfH--: ptirpose ot this chapter 1s to establish basic dirrninsionc1I standards fo1 devi:lorrnent rekitive to residential density ;rnci as \Nell as :;pccific rules tor uencral ;::ipplication The stdmbrds and rules c1rf~ established to provide flexibility in projf:ct desi~Jn. c1nd rnafntain priv;-:icy between ~rl1ccent usc,s_ (Ord. 10B70 § 338. ln93) 21A 12.020 Interpretation of tables A. K.C.C_ ?1A.12.030 and ;i·JA.12 040 contai:1 qP.r1cral clen;:;ity and dimension slcmcbrds for thr~ various zones cmd limit1tions :;pcc1f1c to a particular zone(s). /\ddit1pnc:1J rules, exceptions. and methodolouie:; arc set forth in K CC 21A 12.050 lhrough 21A 12.210 B The density and dimension tables am arr.?Jnged in a rnatrix formc'lt on tvvo sPramtc t~1bics and are delineated into tvvo generc.11 land use categories: 1. Residential: and 2. Resource and Cornrnerci,:11/lnrlustrial. C. Development standards are listed down thP. left ~_;1dc of both tablf!s, and the zonP.s ,ire listed cit t11e tup. The matrix cells contain the rninirnurn dimensional requirnrm~nts of the Lone. The parenthetical nurdir:rs in the matrix identify specific requirerrnc-nts applica:Jle eilhP.r to cl specific USP. or 7one_ A blank box indicates that '.here ;-ire no specific requirf:rnents. lf more than one sldndard appears in a cell. each s1ar1dc1rd will be subject to any applicable p;~renthcticaf footnote fol!owtng tfle standa.rJ (Ord_ 10870 § 33D, 1993). 21A.12.030 Densities and dimensions -residential zones. A Densities arid dimensions -residP-nf1~11 zones ~cc__ ____ _ r---~-;-RESIDENrlA_L _____ ~~, --I I ;_ lilJIU\I URfl,c,N llRR/IN ~· RE-Isl cil~f"NTl/ll N S~RV~ I; f-=------T- 11 A R/\, "' RA-rn RA-}0 R 1 111) 1(-1 '--'~~.~--l--0-,--, -" -. -c,~os,----+-c,,c,,----f- JsJao •Jui<lC Jul;c du!ac l'a~e Dnnsit, L'w,-11,ri~ U111UAcre M.,rnn"'" [u,a •t) U -1 ~ ~ 1211 (f,I ---------l-----' " DMl•tn? Un ~·t.,:,u ~"lac d<J/a• " Ju/ac lll )7 de/~, ., •l.ar cc''~',--~~----l-ti,-1 -1-""""'-+----~--M" mum Llon,.,ly ,,, ----+---+W/ ---1--,~,.7,.--t~"~~-,-1 w·C--a,~,,.-, --t~'"7_/-f-cc,~5~,,-- ]/_', 1",,c ,',1,rurn•,cn I c,t )'h:lh ·;;~ n '-~;:~,-,, -+-,-,,-,--! c,~,,~,,--+,,:is""c--l,,cc,, 11 (l) M,0•1nuu1 Stroo" .SoU,a,, ],1 t( (~) f-L'"~,--~-~ -+-c~--+ M,n,.n,or,, lnlo,;,,, ~f! w, '"" I~) \Oft '" JOii 1~;, 1011 (~) 1Do't 19} 10ft ,,, (71 iii 30ft {/) " UJ ,11 (171 1111 ,11;. (10) 1rn1 1rn1 111;, I rnJ I ss1 pH) ;1:i• '"' '"' SIi 10 r, (') 10 II \fp 1lll1 1~1 5 11 PO) -- J(I!; 10 ft '"' ~ fl (10) Sntback f-13>1161 cla"' H8i~l1I ,,, r-4°o"'1 4U !l 4~ fl --1----+-~-l-lO 11,--J-,,,s,,,-, --+-,cc,,,,,-·,--r,,occec, IJ',) -!-c,~,~,,---,f--;;;"'-,"~+-ceo ti·--1-~.,~,,-l--c,-,,,,~,-+ u> ii- u n 45~ w~ 8u11 ~1,n Mntn-uc. lr11FHYiou~ 25% <Ofo 1----c,,~,~--+-,~,~0~~, --frcac~,%-- .-c,irt~rR" Ill) (11) 111) p~,.,en!a~o(Oj [1~) 11~) :;:: ~ B. Development cond1t1ons. 1'11 1:~1 [11) (11) :1-1) 114) i14) (1-1) (HI ,"251 _ (2~1 F,",0 1 This maximum density may be achieved orily through the application of residential density incentives in accordance with K.C.C. chapter 21A.34 or transfers of development rights in ,1ccordance with K.C.C. chc1pter 21A.37, or any r:ombination of density incentive or den~;ify transfer. rv1axirnurn density rn3y only be exceeded rn accordance with K.C C 21A34 040.F 1 g_ and F.6. 2 Also see K.C.C 21A12.060. 3. These stanchrds may be modified under the provisions for zero-Jot-line and townhouse developments {Krnq County 9-2004) 21A-103 K<'--C. Z-IA-"2- 1>8" (.1 1'{ 1, 1) t f\lTBNSt DN2; lJEVFl OPMENT STANDA1-ms -m,NS1TY AND D1M[NS10NS 21A12 040 -?1A12.050 9. The floor-to-lot ratio for mixed use developments shr.ill conform to K.C.C_ chapter 21A.14 10. Heigh! limits mcJy be increased if portions of the structure building that exceed the basP- height limit provide one addition;:il foot of strc-;et and interior setback for each foot abow-~ the. ba~,c height limit, provided the maxirrnm1 height m.?ty f:xcced seventy-five feet only in rn1xcd use developrnenls. Ncttmg or fencing and support structures for the netting or fencing used to contain golf balls in 1hc operation of golf coursPs or golf driving rnngP.s are P.xcrnµt from the additioncil interior setback requirnment provided that the maximum hci~Jht shall not exceed sevP.nty-five feet. 11. AppliGJblc only to Jots containing less than one acre of lot area. Development on lots contzi'1nlng less than fifteen thousand square feet of lot area shall be governed hy irnµervious surface standards of the nearest comrarab!e R-4 through 1\-8 zone. 17. See K.C.C. 21A.22.060 for setb;lck requirements in the mineral zone 13. The impervio11s surf;.1ce area for any lot mcJy be increased bcyor:d !tic total amount permitted in this chapter subJect to approval of a conditional use pcm11il. 14. Required on property !ines ad101nlng rcsidenlial 7011Ps unless c1 stand-alone townhouse developrnent on property designated commercial outside of center in the urh;:in area 1s proposed to be located adjacent to property upon which an existing townhrnise development is locatPrl. (Ord. 14190 § 34, 2001 Ord. 14045 § 19, 2001: Ord_ 13086 § 2, 1998: Ord_ 13022 § 17, 1998: Ord_ 12929 § 2, 1997 Ord_ 12522 § 4, 1996-Ord 11821 § :1, 1995: Ord_ 11802 § 4, 1995: Ord. 11621 § 42, 1fl94 Ord 10870 § 341, 1993) 21A.12.050 Measurement methods. The following provisions shall bR used to determine compJizmce with this title: A. Street setbacks sh<1II be measured from the existing edoe of ;-1 street right-of-wdy or temporary turnarrnmd, except as prov·1decJ by K.C.C. 21 A.12.150; B Lot widths shall be measured by scaling .i circle of the applicable ciianieter within t11e boundaries of the lot, provided thnt an access easement shall not he included witt1in the circle: C_ Gu ii ding height shall be measured frorn the .:werage finished wc1de to 1he hi~Jhest point of the roof. The average finist1er. f_JraJe shall be determined by first delineating the srnallest squ~--;;re or rectangle which c,1n enclose the bui 1,d"ing and then averaging the efevntions taken c1t the midpoint of each side of !he square or rectangle, provided that the measured elevations do not inr:lucle berms: D. Lot area shall be the totcJI horizontal !and nrea contained within the houndaries of a lot; and E. impervious surfc1ce calculations shall not include c1rcas of turf. landscaping, natural vegetation, or surface wc1tcr flow control or water quality trcatmE-~nt facilities (Ord 13190 § ·16, '!998: Orrl 10870 § 342_ 1993)- 21A 12.060 Minimum urban residential density. fl.•1inimurn density for residential development in the urhcm areas designated by the Comprehensive Plan shall be based on the table:; in K.C.C. 21A 12_030, adjusted as provided in 21A 12_070 thrrn,gh 21 A 12 080_ A. A proposal m3y be phased, if compliance with the minimum density requirement results in noncompli;incc with of K_c_c_ chapter 21A_28, if the overall density of the proposal is consislenl with this section. B. Minimum density requirements may be waived by King County if the appllcant demonstrates one or more of the foHowing: 1-The proposed layout of the lots in a subdivision or the buildings in a multiple dwelling development will not preclude future residential development consistent wiH1 the minimum density or the zone: 2. The non-sensitive area of the parcel is of a size or configuration that results in lots that cannot meet the rninimurn dimensional requirements of the zone; 3. In the R-12 lhrough R-48 zones, the area of the parcel required to accommodate storm wnter facilities exceeds ten percent of the area of the site; 4. The site contains a national, st3te or county historic landmark. C. A proposal to locate a single resldentlal unit on a lot shall be exempt from the minimum density requirement provided the applicant either preplans the site by demonstrating that the proposed single residence would be located in a manner cornpatib/e with future division of the site in a manner that would meet the minimum density requirements, or locates the dwelling within fifteen feet of one or more of 1hc site's interior lot lines. (King County 9-2004) 21A-107 ' f 21A.12060 21A12.087 70Nl~JG D Alter r1;_i!ive rninirnurn derisity rec;uircrncnts may be imposed throtJgh county-arproved proper'.y specific rlevdopment st;indzirds (P-suffix), c1 sp1c:cial district overlayt; in accordance with K C.C chc1pter 21A38 or a sulwca p!an (Ord. 14045 § 20, 2001: Ord. 11555 § G, HJSJ4: 10870 § 343, 1993). 21A.12.070 Calculations -allowable dwelling units, lots or floor area. Perrnillt:d rnm1bcr o1 units. or lot~; or floor ;Jrea shall be determined c;1s follows: A. The allovved nurnbPr of rlwcll1ng units or lots (base density) shall be computed by multiplyin~J H:e ~;ite ~1rca specified in K.C.C_ /·JA.12.080 by the aVi1licc1hJe rcs1dentic1I b<-1se dt)ris1ty number; R l he rnaxirnum ck:r·,sity (unit or lot) limits shall be computed by adding the bonus or lr,msfer units authorized by K C:.C:. ch~-1pters 21/\.34 and 21A.37 to the base units computed under .subsec1ion /\ of this section: C The ullowcd floor area, which excludes structured or undcrqround parkiny areas cmd areas housin9 rncchc1nica/ equipment, shall be computed by applying the floor-to-Jot <'_irea r;itio to the project site area specified :n K.C.C. 21A 12 080: D. It calculations result in a fraction, the fraction shall be rounded to the nearest whole number as follovvs, except as rirovidcd in sc.ibsection E of this section: ·1. Fractions of 0.50 or above shall be rounded up; arid 7 Frc1ct1ons below 0.50 shall be rounded down; and E For subdivisions Clnd :--~hort subdivisions in the RA and A zones. rounding up of the nurnber of dewlopmcnt units or lots is not allowed. (Ord. 14 mo § 35. 7001 Ord 14045 § 71, ;,001: Ord. 11927 § 1. 1995: Ord 10870 § 344, 1993) 21A.12.080 Calculations -site 3rea used for base density and maximum density floor area calculations. A_ All site areas rnay be used in the cilc11lc1tion of base arid rn<.1x1inum c1llowed residential density or project floor ,~rea ~xccpt as outlined under the provisions of subsection El of this see-lion B. Subrncrgcrl lands sh,111 no1 hP credited to·Nctrd base and rnaxirnum density or floor area c0!culations. C. For s11bd1vis1ons and shor1 subdivisions in the RA zone, if ca!culatior1s of site orea for base density result in a frc1c:t1on, the fr8ction shalf be rounded to the nearest whole number as follows· 1. Frac1ions of 0.50 or above shall be rounded up: and 2 Frc.u:tions below 0.50 sil3II lJe rounded down. (Ord 14045 § 22, 2001. Ord 11621 § 43. Hl!YI Ord. 11:i:i'.l § ::3, 1mM: Ord. 10870 § 345, 1993). 21A.12.085 Calculations -Site area used for minimum density calculations. f\..'lir1irrnnn density slin!I be determined by: A Multiolying tire Base Density (Dwelling Units/Acre) as set forth 1n K.C C 21A.12.030/\ hy the net btiildablc area of the projPct site; and then B Multiplying the resulting product by the Minimum Density percentage sel forth in K.C.C. 21/\.12.030A or as adjusted pursuant to tile provisions of K.C.C. 21/\.12.087 (Ord. 12549 § 2. 1096: Ord 11798 § 2, ·1995: Ord. 11555 § 4, 1994). 21A.12.D87 Minimum density adjustments for moderate slopes. A. For purposes of calculating minirnurn density of sloped siles 1n zones R-4. R-6 and R-8, the follow_~g c1djuslrnent is permitted~------------.-----c-c---:--- We1ghted Average Slope of Net Buildable Minimum Density Factor Area(s) of.Sc.ite:c.c._~-----+--- 0%) -less thon 5% 85% !----------'~---'=~= -~~-~~~~---~--- 5% -less tt1c.m 15%., 83'%, less 1 5% for each 1 % of average slope in excess of 5% L 15:;o -!ess than 40%:, 66%, less 2.0% for each 1 % of average slope in excess of 15ll/o -----·-----~---~~~.~'-'-~'----- B. Weighted average slope shall be calc:ulatP.d as follows: 1 I Ile applicar1t shall submit a topographic survey of tile net huildable area(s) of the site which identifies distinct areas within the following slope increments: 0-5%, 5-10%, 10-15(i'o, etc. up to 35-40%. (King County D-?004) 21/\-108 ! D~VELOPMENT ST /\NDAROS -DESIGN REOUIREM[NTS 21A 14.170-21/\.14180 21A.14.170 Mobile home parks -Alternative design standards. /\s an cillernativc to lhc building separation and internal slrect slanchrc1s of K.r: r: 21/\.14160· A. Building sepciration requirements or setb,1cks betwet":n mobile homes and accessory slrL.:cture~, 011 adjc.1cent spc.ices mc:1y he mod·1fit:d, provided: 1 The cornrnon vval!s rncet the firt-: protectior1 standards set forth ir, the Uniform Buildinu Code and the standards set forth in the Uniform Fire C:ode tor duplexes, rnultifam·11y and co11dom·111iurn devRlopmerts, c1s applicable; and 2. Rental agreement clauses by-laws or other leqal me.chJn1sms ~-J1pulate rnaintenanr:e responsibilities for structures, fences and yards; B. Private streets rnc1y hr_) used with a minimum drivinq surfr1cc of 22 fP.et in \t.tidth, provided 1 I he streets comply 1n .?J!l other respects with the road st;indards; L. All required parkinfJ is locah--;d off-street rind as specified in K.C.C. 21A.-14.1GUl; and 3. Such streets shall not. ,1 directly connect two or rnom poin1s of vehicular access to the park; or b. serve over 100 dwelling units w11h1n the park (Ord. 10870 § 377. 19D3). 2·!A.14.180 On-site recreation -space required /\ Residential dcve:oprnents of more thw1 four units in the UR and R-1 through R-48 ;;ones, stand-alone townhrnisc devefoprnents in the NG Lone 011 propt:rty designated commercial outside of center in the urban area of rnore than four ur11ts, and mixed-usP developments of more than fo11r units, shall provide recre.sition space for leisure, play 2tnd sport activities as follows· 1 Residential subrlivrsion. trnm1houses and apartn1ents developed at a density of eighl units or less pPr ;;.1cre -three hundrnd ninetv sqti;_m_: feet per unit; 2 Mobile home park -two htmdred sixty S(Jl!clre fetil per unit: anr1 3. Apnrtment, townhouses developed at a density of ~Jreater than eight units per c1cre, and mlxl:d use <1. Studio and or1c bedroorn -ninety squ~Jrc feet per unit; b. Two bedrooms -one /lllmlred seventy square f(-;(:t per unit; and c. Three or more bedrooms one hundred seven1y square feet per unit B Recreation space shall be pbced in ~-i designated recreation space tract if part of a subdivision !he 1ract shall be dcdiec1led to 8 homemvner's associr::1tior1 or other workable or~;mization acceptable to 1he director, to provlrle continued mzirntenance nf the recreal1on space tract consistent with K.C.C 21A.14.200. C /\ny recreation space located outdoors that is not p;::irt of a storrn water tracl developed in ciccordcmce with subsection F ot this section shall· 1. Be of a grade and surfdce su1tabic for recreation i.11provernents and h,we a maximum rirc1de of five percent; 2. De on the site of the propot,cd development: 3 Be located in an ,irea where the lopograrhy, soils, hydrology and olher physical c!13racteristics arc of such quality as to create cJ flat, dry. obstacle-frep space in a configuration which allows for passive and active recreation: 4. Be centrally located with oood vlsit,i!ity of the site from roads and sidewalks; 5. Have no dirnensions less than thir1y feet, (except trail segments); 6. Be located in one designated area, unless the director determines that residents of lcirge subdivisions. townhouses and apartment developments would be better served by multiple areas developed with recre.1tion or plc:J.y facilities; 7. Have a street roadway or pmkinq area frontage along ten percent or more of the recreation space perimeter, except trail segments, if the required outdoor recreation space exceeds five thousand square feet and is located in a single detached or tmvnl10use subdivision; 3. Be accessible and convenient to all residents within the development; and 9. Be located adJacent to, and be ;iccessib!e by, trail or walkway to any existing or planned municipal, county or reyional park, public open space or tmil system, which may be located on adjoining property. (Kinq Counly 9-2004) 21A~l23 \L.CC ZIA. l'f 21A H 180 LONING U. lnJoor recreation areas may be credite::d towards the total recreation space requirement, if the director determines that the areas are located, designed and improved in a manner that provides recreational opportunities functionally equiv~ilent lo those recreational opportunities available outdoors For senior citizen :::1ssisted housing, indoor recreation areas need not be functionally equivalent but may include social <:Hecis, game and craft rooms, and other multi-purposP. entertainment and education areas. E Play equipmenl or age appropriate facilities shall be provided within dedicated recreation space areas according to thr, followin~ requirements: 1. For developments of five dwelling units or more, a tot !ot or children's play area, which includes age appropriate pfay equipment and benches, shall be provided consistent wilh K.C.C. 21/\14190; 2. ror developments of five to twenty-five dwelliny units, one of the forlowing recreation facilities shall be provided in addition lo the tot lot or children's play ,irea· a p!aygrourid equipment; b sport cou:t c sport field; d tennis court; or c. any other recreation facility proposed by the applicant and approved by the director. 3 ~or developrllents of twenty-six to fifty dwelling units, at least two ur more of the recreation facilities listed in subsection E.L of this section shall be provided in addition to 1he tot Jot or children's play area; 4. For developments of more than fifty dwelling units, one or more of the recreation facilities listed in subsection E.2 of this section shall also be provided for every twenty-five dwell!ng units in addition to the tot lot or children's play area. If calculations result in a fr3c\ion, 1he fraction shall !)e rounded to the r,e3reE;1 whole number as follows: a. Fractions of 0.50 or above shall be rounded up; and b. Fractions below O.SO shall be rounded clown. F. In subdivisions, recreation cucas that are contained within the on-site stormwc·iter tracts. but are located outside of the one hundred year design water surface, rnay be credited for up to fifty percent of the required square footage of the on-site recreation space reqtiirement on a foot-per-foot basis, subject to the following criteria: 1. The stormwcJter tract and any on-site recreation tract shall be contiquously localed. At final plat recording, contiguous stormwatcr and recreation lrocts shall be recorded as one tract and dedicated to the horncowner's association or other organization as approved by the director: 2. The storm water facilities shall be constructed to meet the followinq conditions: a. The side slope of the stormwatcr facilities shall not exceed thirty-three percent unless slopes are existing, natural and covered with vegetation; b A bypass system or an emergency overflow pathway shc1II be designed to handle flow exceeding the facility desi9n and located so that it does not pass through active recreation arcc1s or present a safety hazard: c. The stormwater facilities shall be landscaped and developed for passive recreation opportunities such as trails, picnic ~ircas and aesthetic viewing; and d The stormwater facilities shall be designed so they do not require fencing pursuant to the Surface \1"1./atcr Design Manual. G. For of joint use of the tract for stormwater facilities and recreation space, King County is responsible for maintenance of the stormwater facHities only and requires c1 drainage easement for that purpose. H /\ recreation space plan shall be submitted to the department and mv1ewed and approved with engineering plans. 1. The recreation space plans shall address all portions of the site that will be used to meet recreation space requirements of this section, including storrnwater facilities. The plans shall show dimensions. finished grade, equipment, landscaping and improvements, as required by the director, to demonstrate that the requirements of the on-site recreation space in K.C.C. 21 A.14.180 ond play areas in K.C.C. 21A.14.190 have been met. 2. If engineering plans indicate that the on-site stormwater facilities or storrnwater tract must be increased in size from that shown in preliminary approvals, the recreation plans musl show how the required minimum recreation space under K.C.C. 21/\.14.180A will be met. (Ord. 14429 § 4, 2002: Ord. 14045 § 31, 2001: Ord. 12527 § 7, 1996: Ord.11978 § 13, 1995: Ord. 11621 § 48, 1994: Ord. 10870 § 378, 1993). (King County 9-2004) 21A-124 I DEV~LOPMENT STANDARDS DESIGN REQUIREM[NTS 21AM.185 · 21A14.20D 21A.14.185 Recreation space -fees in lieu of. /\ The creation of on-site recreation spJce shall be the preferred method of providing new development with oppor11rnitics for leisure. play and sports ilctivities. Applicants shall lo tile best of their ability endeavor to provide recreation space on the project site_ However, if on-site recreation space is not provided in accordance w,lh KC C. 21A14180, the applicant shall pay a fee-,n-1:eu of actual recreation sp0ce if approved by King Crnmty_ King County c1cceptance of a fee-·,n-lieu payment is discretionary. A feP.-in-Jicu of on-site recreation space may be permitted if the recrec1tion space provided within a county park in thR vicinity will be of greater benefit to the prospective residents of the development D. Fef!s shall be determined annu,1ily by the department of parks and recreation on the :iasis of the projected market value of the required recreation space land area after development. Any recreational space provided by the appliecrnt shall be credited toward the required fees. C If recreation space credit is applied to storrnwatGr facihtics in accordance with K.CC 21A14_180E, the devdoprncnt loses its option to request a fee-in-lieu and the remciinder of the required recreation space and play area rnust be provided on site (Orel. 14045 § 32, 2001: Ord. 11621 § 49, 1994). 21A.14.190 On-site recreation -play areas required. A. All single detached subdivisions, c1partment, townhouse and mixed-use developments, of more than four units in the UR and R-4 through R-48 zones nnd sland-alone townhouse developments in the NB zone of more than four units on property designated commercial outside of center ln the urban area, excluding age-restricted senior citizen housing, shall provide children play areas within 1he recre;:ition space on-s·11e, except if focilities are available to the public lk:1t meet all of the following: 1. Developed as a county, municipal or regional p;:irk; 2_ Locc1ted within one qu;:irter mile walking d·1stance; and 3. Accessible without crossing any artP.riaJ street. 1::3_ Play area designs shc:1!1: 1. Provide at lec-ist forty fivP. square feet per dwelling unit, with a minimum size of four hundred square feet; 2. [3e adjacent to main pedestrian paths or near building entrances; 3 Meet the requirements of K.C.C. 21/\.14.180, and 4 Provide play equipment that meets, cJt a minimum, the Consumer Product Safoty Stand;irds for equipment, soft suriacifly and spacing. (Ord. 14045 § 33, 2001: Ord. 13022 § 20, 1998: Ord. 10870 § 379, 1993) 21A.14.195 On-site recreation -financial guarantees for construction. Financial guc1rantees for construction of recreation facilities required under K.C.C. 21A.14.180 and 71A 14.190 shall be provided consistent with K.C.C Title 27A. (Ord. 14045 § 35. 2001) 21A.14.200 On-site recreation -maintenance of recreation space or dedication. A. Recreation space that meets the criteria in K.C.C. 21/\. 14.180.C may, at lhe discretion of the department of parks and recreation, be dedicated as a park open to the public in lieu of providing the on- site recreation required under K.C.C. 21A.14.180 if the following criteria are met: 1. The dedicated 3rea is at least ten acres in size, unless when adjacent to an existing or planned county park; 2. The dedicated l,md provides one or more of the following: a_ shoreline access; b_ regional tratl linkages; c. habitat linkages; d. recreation facilities; or e. heritage sites; and 3. The dedicated area Is located within one mile of the project site. B. Unless the recre3tion space is dedicated to King County in accordance with subsection A of this section, maintenance of any recrer.1tion space retained in private ownership shall be the responsibility of the owner or other separate entity capable of long-term maintenance and operation in a manner acceptable lo the parks department. (Ord. 14045 § 34, 2001. Ord. 13022 § 21. 1998: Ord. 10870 § 380. 1993). (King County 9-2004) DEVELOPMENT STANDARDS -DESIGN REOUIREMENTS 21A14.210 71A.14.220 f' Only recyclable materials generated on-site shall be collected and stored at such collection points. Except for initial sorting of recyc1bles by users. a!t other processing of such materials sholl be conducted off-site. F. The director rnay waive or rnod1fy specific storage space and collection point requirements set forth in this section if the director finds. in '·Nflting, th.-1t an alternate recyding proqram design proposed by the applicant meets the needs of the development and provides an equivalent or belier level of storage arHI col\ect1on for recyclables (Ord. 12461 § 1, 1996 Ord. 10870 § 381. 1993) 21A.14.220 Fences. Fences are permitted as follows: A. Fences exceeding 3 l1t~ight of six feet shall comply with the applicable street and lriterior setbacks of the zone 1n which the property 1s located, except; 1 Fences located on a rockery. retaining wall, or berm within a required setback area are permitted subject to the following requirements; a. In R-1 through R-18, UR, RA and the resource zones· ( 1) The total height of the fence and the rockery. rctrnning wall or berrn upon which the fence is located shall not exceed a height of ten feel. This height shall be measured from the top of the fence to the ground on the low side of the rockery, retaining w:;ill or berm; ond (2) The total height of the fence itself, measured from the top of the fence lo the top of the rockery, retaining wall or berm, shall not exceed six feet b In the R-24, R-48 and commercial/industrial zones. the height of the fence. measured from the top of the fence to the top of the rockery, retaining wall or berm, shall not exceed six feet. c. Any portion of the fence above a height of eight feet, measured to include both the fence and the rockery, retaining wall, or berm (as described in a1. above}, shall be an open~work fence. B. Fence:; locc1tecl on o rockery, retain·1ng wall or berm outside required setback areas shall not exceed the building height for· the 7om\ measured in accordance with the .sf;i.ndards established in the King County Building Code, Title 16. RETAINING WALL WITH FENCE IN SETBACK open-work fence· H C. Electric fences shall: H max. 10' in R1 -R18, UR, RA & Resource Zones H1 max. 6' in all Zones H 2 max. 8' for wall & solid-work fence in all Zones 1. Be permitted in all zones. provided that when placed within R-4 through R-48 zones, additional fencing or other barriers shall be constructed to prevent inadvertent contact with the electric fence from abutting property; 2. Comply with the following requirements: a. An electric fence using an interrupted flow of current at intervals of about one second on and two seconds off shall be limited to 2,000 volts at 17 milliamp; b. An electric fence using continuous current shall be limited to 1,500 volts at seven milliamp; c. All P.!ectric fences in the R-4 through R-48 zones shal! be posted with permanent signs a minimum of 36 square inches in area at 50 foot inlervcJls stating that the fence is electrified; and d. Electric fences sold as a complete and assembled unit can be installed by an owner if !he controlling elements of the installation are certified by an A.N.S.I. approved testing agency; and (King County 9-2004) 21A-127 21A14.220-21A14.260 ZONING D. Except as specifically required for the necessary securily related to a nonresidential use, no barbed or razor-wire fence shall be located in any R-4 throuyh R48 zone (Ord 12987 § 5, 1998: Ord 11621 §50, 1994 10870§ 382, 1993) 21A.14.225 Hazardous liquid and gas transmission pipelines. A. Tracts and easements containing hazardous liquid and qas transmissiofl pipelines and required setbacks from such pipelines may include the following uses, subject to other regulations applicable to each use and approval of the holder of the easement: utility structures not normally occupied necessary for the operation of the pipeline, landscaping, trails, open space, keeping of animals, agriculture, forestry, commercial signage, minor communication facilitiP-s and the utility structures not normally occupied necessary for the operation of the minor commurncation facility, and other comrat!ble uses as specified on the face of the recorded plat or short plat; provided that structures designed for human occupancy shall never be a!!owed within pipeline tracts, easements or setbacks. B. Hazardous liquid and gas transmission pipelines shall not be located in aquifer recharge areas, landslide hazard areas or erosion hazi-3.rd areas_ When it is Impractical to avoid such areas, special engineering precautions should be taken to protect public health, safety and welfare. (Ord. 14045 § 30, 2001 ). 21A.14.230 Trail corridors • Applicability. Trail easements shall be provided by any development, except for single detached residential permits, when such developments are located within any community or regional trail corridor identified by ~m adopted King County Functional Plan or Community Plan identifying community and/or regional trail systems. The residents or tenants of the development shal! be provided access to the trail easement. The area of the trail easement shall be counted as part of the site for purposes of density and floor area calculations. (Ord. 10870 § 383, 1993). 21A.14.240 Trail corridors • Design standards. Trail design shall be reviewed by the depr1rtment of deve!oprnent and environmental services for consistency with adopted standards for: A Width of the trail corridor; B. Location of the trail corridor on the sitA; C Surtacing Improvements; and D. Use(s) permitted within the corridor. (Ord. 11621 § 51, 1994: Ord.10870 § 384, 1993). 21A.14.250 Trail corridors -Maintenance of trail corridors/improvements. Maintenance of any trail corridor or improvements, retainf:ld in private ownership, shall be the responsibility of the owner or other separate entity capable of long-term maintenance and operation in a manner acceptable to the parks division. (Ord. 10870 § 385, 1993). 21A.14.260 Wildlife habitat corridors -applicability. Habitat corridors shall be set aside and protected along the designated wildlife habitat network adopted by the King County Comprehensive Plan as follows: A. Wildlife habitat corridors shall apply to the following development activities on parcels which include a portion of a designated wildlife habitat corridor: 1 _ All urban planned developments, fully contr1incd communities, subdivisions, · short subdivisions and binding site pl3ns; 2. All building permits on individual lots created prior to January 1, 1995. B. Habitat corridors shall be identified and protected in one of the following ways: 1. Urban planned developments, fully contained communities, binding site plans, subdivisions and · short subdivisions shall either place the corridor in a contiguous permanent open-space tract with all developable lots sited on the remaining portion of the project site, or shall design the lots so that conservation easements on individual lots can form a contiguous easement covering the corridor. 2. Individual lots shall place the corridor in a conservation easement. C. All tracts or conservation easements shall be configured to meet the design standards in K.C.C. 21A14.270. (Ord. 13694 § 90, 1999 Ord. 11621 § 52, 1994). (King County 9-2004) 21A-128 21/\.16.030 -21/11fi 040 ZONING D. Institutional development refers lo those uses listed in: 1. KC.C 71/1.08 040 as cultural tJses. except arboretums; 2_ K.C.C. 21A.08.050 as churches, synagogues and temples, health services and education serJices except specialized instruction schools permitted as an accessory use; and 3 KC C. 21A08 060 as goverrirnent services; E. Utility development refers to those uses listed in K.C.C. 21 A 08.060 as utility facilities; ,rnd F Uses ,n K C.C chapter 21A08 that are not listed in subsections A through E. of this section shall not be subject to landscaping and tree retention requirements except as specified in any applicable review of a conditional tN, or special use permits. (15032 § 21, 2004: Ord. 14045 § 44, 2001: Ord. 11671 § 54, 1994 11354§ 1.1994 Ord.11210§3, 1994: Ord 10870§388, 1993) 21 A.16.040 Landscaping -Screen types and description. The three types of landscaping screens are described and applied as follows: A Type I landscaping screen: 1 Type I landscaping is a "full screen" that functions as a visual barrier. This landscaping is typically found adjacent to freeways and bet\Neen residential c:md non-rcslCiential areas. ,. Type I landscaping shall minimally consist of: a. A mix of primarily evergreen trees and shrubs generally interspersed throughout the landscape strip and spaced to form a continuous screen; b. Beti.veen 70 and 90 percent evergreen trees; c. Trees provided at the rate of one per 10 linear feet of tandscape strip and spaced no more than 30 feet apart on center; d. Everyreer1 shrubs provided at the rate of one per linear four feet of landscape strip and spaced no more than 8 feet apcJrt on center; and e. Ground cover pursuant to K.C.C. 21A16.090; B. Type 11 lcmdscaping screen: 1. Type II l;c1ndscaping is a "filtered sc~ccn" that functions as a visual separator_ This landscapinq is typically found between commercial and industrial uses; between differing types of residential development; and to screen industrial uses frorn the street; ~ z,i'\. f '-- 2. Type II landscaping shall minimally consist of: a. A mix of P-vergreen and deciduous trees and shrubs generally interspersed throughout thE LJt-N~,,.sc., lcJndscape strip spaced to create a filtered screen; b At least 50 percent deciduous trees and at least 30 percent evergreen trees; c. Trees provided at the rate of one per 20 linear feet of landscape strip and spaced no more than 30 feet apar1 on center; d. Shrubs provided at the rate of one per four linear feet of landscape strip and spaced no more than eight feet apart on center; and e. Ground cover pursuant to K.C.C. 21 A. HWUO; tle,c C. Type Ill landsCclping screen: 1. Type HI landscaping is a "see-through screen" that functions as a partial visual separator to Goff"'-(, soften the appearance of parking areas and building elevations. This landscaping is typically found along street frontage or between apartment developments; 2. Type Ill landscaping shall minimally consist of: zi. A mix of evergreen and deciduous trees generally interspersed throughout the landscape strip and spaced to create a continuous canopy; b. At least 70 percent deciduous trees; c. I rees provided at the rnte of one per linear 25 feel of landscape strip and sraced no more than 30 feet apart on center; d. Shrubs provided at the rate of one per four linear feet of landscape strip and spaced no more than 3 feet apart on center; and e GroundcoverpursuanttoK.C.C.21A.16.090. (Ord.11621 §55, 1994: Ord.11210§4, 1994· Ord. 10870 § 389, 1993). (King County 9-2004) 21A-138 DEVFLOPMENT STAND/\RllS -LANDSCAPING AND WATFR USE 21A 16 050-'./11\.16 070 21A.16.050 Landscaping -street frontages. The average width of perimeter landscaping along street frontages shall be provided as follows. A. Twenty feet of Type II landscaping shall be provided for an instittJtional use, excluding play(Jrounds and playfields; B Ten feel of Type II landscaping shall be provided for an industrial development; C. Ten feet of I ype II landscaping shall be provided for an above-ground utility facilities, development, excluding distribtifion and !rans mission corridors. located outside a public right-of-way; D Ten feet of Type Ill landscaping shall be provided for a commercicJI or attached/group residence development; anci streets: E. For single f,m1Jly subdivisions and short subdivisions: 1 Trees shall be planted al !he rate of one tree for every forty feet of frontage along all public 2. T/1e trees sl1cili be· a. Located withiri the street right-of-way 'if permi1tcd by the custodial state or local aqency; b No more than twenty feet from the street right-of-way line if localed within a lot; c. Maintained by the adjacent landowner unless part of a county maintenance program; and d. A species approved by the county if loccited within the street right-of way and compatible with overhead utility lines 3. The trees may be spaced at irregular intervals to accommodate sight distance requirements for driveways and 1nlerscctions (Ord. 1404b § 45, 2001: Ord. 11621 § b6, 1994: Ord. 11210 § 5, 1994: Ord 10870 § 390, 1993). 21A.16.060 Landscaping -Interior lot lines. The average wrdth of perimeter landscap·1ng along interior lot lines shc..111 be provided as follows: A Twenty feet of Type I iandscaping shall be iflcluded in a comi'nercial or industrial development c1long any portion r:idjacent lo a residential development; B. Five feet of Type II landscaping shall be 1ncruded in an ;::ittached/group residence development, except that along portions of the development adjacent to property developed with single detached residences or ·,acant property !hat is zoned RA, UR or R(1 8), !he requirement shall be ten feet of Type II landscaping; C. Ten feel of Type I! landscaping shall be included in an industrial development along ;=rny por1ion adjacent to a commerci;::il or institutional developmP.n!; and D Ten feet of Type II landscaping shall be included in an institutional use. excluding ·[of playgrounds and playfields, or an above-s:-;round utility facility development, excJuding] distribution or tr.msmission corridors, when located outside a public right of-way. (Ord. 11939 § 1, 19%: Ord. 1121 O § 6, 1994 Ord 10870 § 391, 1993). 21A.16.070 Landscaping -surface parking areas. P3rking area landscaping shall be provided within suliace parkin9 areas with ten or more parking stalls for the purpose of improving air quality, reducing surf.ice water runoff, provldinq shade and diminishing the visual impacts of large paved areas as follows: A. Residential devcJopments with common parking areas shall provide planting areas at the rate of twenty square feet per parking stall; B. Commercial, industrial or institutional developments shall provide landscaping at a rate of" 1. Twenty square feet per parking stall if ten to thirty parking stalls are provided; and 2 Twenty-five square feet per parking stall if thirty-one or more parking stalls are provided; C. Trees shall be provided and distributed throughout the parking area at a rate of; (King County 9-2004) 2111--139 21A16.070 -21A 16 085 LONING 1. One tree for every three parking stalls for a commercial or industrial development: and 2_ One tree for every five parking stalls for residential or institutional deve!opment: D. The maximum distance between any pa,klrig stall and landscaping shall be no more than one hundred feet; E Permanent curbs or structural barriers shall be provided to protect the plantings from vehicle overhang: F. Landscaping around the perimeter of a site that is in addition to the perimeter landscaping required by KC C. 21A.16.050 may count toward ten percent of the required surface parking area landscaping if it 1s adjacent to the parking area: and G. Parking area landscziping shall consist of: 1. Canopy-type deciduous trees, evergreen trees, evergreen shrubs and ground covers planted in islands or strips; 7 Shrubs that do not exceed a maintained height of forty-two inches; 3. Plantings contained in planting islands or strips havfng an area of al least one hundred square feet and with a narrow dimension of no less tkm five feet; 4. Ground cover in accordance with K.C.C 21A16.090; and 5. At least seventy percent of trees are deciduous (Ord. 14045 § 46, 2001: Ord. 11210 § 7, 1994: Ord. 10870 § 397, 1993) 21A.16.080 Landscaping -Adjacent to freeway rights-of-way. A Ail residential developments shall provide a minimum average width of 20 feet of Type I landscaping ddjacent to freeway rights-of-way. B All other developments shall provide a minimum average width of 20 feet of Type Ill landscaping adjacent to freeway rights-of-way (Ord. 11210 § 8, 1994: Ord 10870 § 393, 1993). 21A.16.085 Landscaping -General standards for all landscape areas_ All new landscape areas proposed for a development shall be s11b1ect to the following provisions: or A Berms shall not exceed a slope of two horizontal feet to one vertical foot (?.:1 ). B. Al! new t11rf areas, except all-weather, sand-based athletic fields skill: 1. 13e 3ugmentcd with a two-inch layer of organic material cultivated a minimum of six inches deep, 2. Have an organic content of five percent or morP. to a depth of six inches as shown in a soil sample analysis. The soil analysis shall include· a. Deterrrnnation of soil texture, indicatinq percentage of organic matter, b. An approximated soil infillration rate (either rm~asured or derived from soil/texture /infiltration rate tables). A mnge of infiltration rates sldl be noted where appropriate, and c. Measure Ph value. C. Exc:epi as specifically outlined for turf areas in subsection B, the organic content of soils in any landscape area shall be as necessary to provide adequate nutrient and moisture-retention levels for the establishment of plantings. D. Landscape areas, except turf or areas of establrshcd groundcover, shall be covered with at least two inches of mulch to minimize evaporation. E. Plants having similar water use characteristics shaH be grouped together in distinct hydrozones. F. Plant selection shall consider adaptability to climatic, geologic, and topographical conditions of the site. Preservation of existing vegetation is encouraged. (Ord. 11210 § 9, 1994). (King County 9 2004) 21A-140 DEVELOPMEN I STANDARDS -LANDSCAPING AND WATER USF 21A 16090-21A16.100 21A16.090 Landscaping -Additional standards for required landscape areas. In addition to the general standards of K.C.C. 21A16 085, landscape areas required pursuant to K.CC 21A16.050 through .080 shall conform lo the following st;,ndards: A. All µ!ants shall conform lo American Association of Nurserymen (/\AN) qracfos and stand;,nJs as published in the "American Standard for Nursery Stock" manual, provided that existing healthy vegetation used to augment new plantings ;:;hall not be reqt1ired to meet the standards of this manual; 8. Single-stemmed trees required pursuant to this chapter sha!I at the time of planting conform to the following standards: 1. In parking area landscapinq and in street rights-of-way: a. Deciduous trees shall have a rnirnmum caliper of 1.75 inches and a he\ght of 10 feet, and b. Coniferous and broadleaf evergreens shall be at least five feet in hei,1hl 2. In all other required Jandsr;apc areas: a. Deciduous trees shall have c1 minim urn Cdliper of 1.[) inches rmd a height of ten feet, and b_ Coniferous and broadlcc1f evergreen trees stla/1 Le at feast five feet in height. C. Multiple-stemmed trees shall be permitted as an option to singJe-i:=.tcrnrned trees provided that such multiple-stemmed trees are: 1. At least six feel in hc1ghl, and 2. Not allowed within street rights-of-way; D. When the width of any landscape s!rip is 20 feet or yreater, the requ:red trees shatl be stagqemd in two or more rows; E. Shrubs shall be 1 _ At least an AAN con!ainer class #2 si?c at tirne of planting in Type ll, Ill and parkinq area landscaping, 2. At lens! 24 inches "in height c=it the time of planting for Typt~ I landscaping. and 3_ Mr1intalned at a heigt1t not exceeding 42 Inches when located in Type Ill or p.1rking area landscapin~J; F. Ground covers shall be planted and spaced to result in total coverage of the majority of the required landscape area within three years G_ All fences shall be pl.-:1ccd on the inward side of ;:my required perimeter l,,mdscaping along the slreet frontage. H. Required street landsc~1ping may be placed within Kin~ County street ri~Jhts-of-way subject to 1he County Road Design Standards, provided adequate space is maintained nlonu !he street l"lne to replant the required landscaping should subsequent street Improvements require the removnl of landscaping within the rights-of-way; I Required street landscaping may be placed vvithin Washington St<1tc rights-of-way subject to permission of the Wclshington State Department of Transportation J. New landscape material provided within areas of undisturbed veget,1t1on or within the protected area of significant trees shall give preference to utilizing indigenous plant species. (Ord. 11621 § 57, 1994: 11210 § 10, 1994: Ord. 10870 § 394, 1993). 21A.16,100 Landscaping -Alternative options. The following alternative landscape options may be allowed, subject to counly approval, only if they accomplisl1 equal or better levels of screening, or when existing cond'1tions on or adjacent to the site, such as significant topographic differences, vegetation, structures or utilities would render aµpfication of this chapter ineffective or result in scenic view obstruction: A The amount of required landscape area may be reduced to ensure that the total area for required landscaping, and/or the area remaining undisturbed for the purpose of wfldfife habitat or corridors does not exceed 15 percent of the net developable area of the site For the purpose of this subsection, the net dcvelopable area of the site shall not include areas deemed unb1.iildable due to their location within sensitive areas and any associated buffers. B. The average width of the perimeter landsc;ipe strip may be reduced up to 25 percent along any portion where: 1. Berms c1t !east three feet in height or architectural barriers at least six feet in height are incorporated into the landscape design; or ::?. The landscape materials are incorporated elsewhere on-site: (King County 9-2004) 21A-141 71/\1o 100 -21A 16 300 ZONING C. In pedestri~rn district overlays, street perimeter landscaptng may be waived provided a site plan, consistent with the applicable adopted area /Oninq document, is approved that provides street trees c1nd 0H1P.r pcdes1ri.:m-relc1tPd amenities; D. Landsec1ring standards for uses located in a rural town or rural business centers designated by the comprehensive plan may be waived or modified by the director if deemed necessary to maintain the historic character of the area. Where a loc;1I or subarea plan with design guidelines has been adopted, the director sha/1 base the landscaping modifications on the policies and guidelines of such plan [. When an existing slnH_:ture precludes installation of the total amount of required sile perimeter landscaping, such landscaping material shall be im:.orporated on another portion of the site. F. Sinule-stemmed deciduous tree species that cr1nnot generally be planted and estabf"lshed in larger sizes mc1y have a caliper of Jess than 1.5 inches; and G. The number of trees and shrubs to be provided in required perimeter and parking c..1rca landscapinq rnay be reduced up to 25 percent when a development uses landscaping materials consistino of srecies typically associated with the Puget Sound Basin in the following proportions: 1. Seventy-five percent of groundcover and shrubs, and 2 Fifty percent of trees. H. The dep21imer1t shall. pursuaflt to KC.C. 2.98, develop and maintain an advisory listing of trees recommended for new plantings. Such list shall describe their general characteristics and suitability, and provide guidelines for their inclusion within required landscape areas. (Ord 11621 § 58, 1994: Ord. ·11255 § 3, 1994: Ord. 11210 § 11. 1994 Ord. 10870 § 395, 1993). C. An affidavit s:gned by an individual specified in subsection B. certifying that the landscaping has been installed coflsistent with the approved landscaping plan, shall be submitted to the department within JO days of installation completion, tmlcss the installed landscaping has been inspected and accepted by the department. 0. The required landscaping shall be installed no later than three months after issuance of a certificate of occtipancy for the project or project phase. However, the tirnP-limit tor compliance may be extended to allow installation of such required landscaping during the next appropriate pl3nting season. A financial 9uarantcc shall be required prior to issuance of the certificate of occupancy, if landscaping is not installed and i11spected prior lo occupancy. (Ord. 11939 § 2. 199G: Ord. 11210 § 12, 1994). 21A 16.180 Maintenance. /\. All landscapi11g shall be maintai11ed for the life of the pro1ect B. /\IJ landscape materials shall be pruned and trimmed as necess.=iry to maintain a healthy growing condition or to prevent primary limb failure; C. With the exception of dead, dis;eased or damaged trees specifically retained to provide wildlife habit;:it, olher dead. diseased, damaged or stolen plantings shall be replaced within three months or during the next p13ntlng season if the loss does not occur in a planting season; and D. Landscape areas shall be kept free of trash. (Ord. 11255 § 2. 1994: Ord. 10870 § 403. 1993). 21A.16.190 Financial guarantees. Financial guarantees shall be required consistent with the provisions of Title 27 A. This time period may be extended to one year by the director, if necessary to cover a planting and growing season. (Ord 12020 § 52, 1895 Ord. 11210 § 13. 1994: Ord. 10870 § 404, 1993). 21A16.300 Water use -Applicability of water budget for landscape areas. Irrigation systems of any type are optional components of a landscape area. However, a water budget for Irrigation purposes shall be established for all new development, except for: A Individually platted single dwelling (attached or detached) residential lots, provided that developer-Installed landscaping in common areas of residential projects is not exempt; and B. Any project with a total landscaped area less than 500 s~uare feet (Ord. 11250 § 14, 1994 ). (King County 9-2004) 21/1--142 21A.18030 70NINCi 21A.18.030 Computation of required off-street parking spaces. A Fxcept as modified in KC.C. 21A.18.070B-D. off street parkinQ arr,as sh.all contain at a minimum the number of parking spaces as stipulated in t11e following table. Off-street parking ratios expressed as number of spctces per square feet means the usable or net square footage of floor area, exclusive of nor1-- public areas. Non-public areas include but are not limited to buildinu ma:ntenance areas, storage areas, closets or restrooms. If the formula for determining the number of off-street parking spaces rP,su!ts in a fraction, the number of off-street parking spaces shall be rounded to Hie nemest whole number with fractions of .50 or grec1ter rounding up and fractions below .50 rounding dowr1. ---~-------· -l MINIMUM PARKING SPACE LAND USE REQUIRED -- s RESIDENTIAL (K.C.C. 21A.08.030A): -----s----· --- Single ddBchedff_ownhouse 2 0 per dwelling unit Apartment: Studio units 1 2 per dwelling unit One bedroom units 1 5 per dwelling unit Two bedroom units r 1. 7 per dwelling unit Thr~e bedroom units or larger 2.0 per dwelling unit ~- Mobile home park 2_0 ~er dwell~ng unit f----------~ Senior citizen assisted 1 per 2 dwelling or sleeping u nits Community residential facilities 1 per two bcdroo_ms_· __ . Dormitory, including religious 1 per two bedrooms Hotel/Motel including organizational I per bedroom hotel/lodging ------ Bed and breakfast guest11ousc 1 per guest room, plus 2 per f acllity ---· RECREATION/CULTURAL (K.C.C. 21A.08.040A): Recreation/culture uses: ·--------·· Exceptions: Bowling center -- Golf course Tennis Club ~ Golf driving range Park/playficld Theater ------~-- Conference center L ---_, ___ ------ (King County 9-2004) - 1 per 300 square feet ----------j 5 per lane 3 per hole. plus 1 per 300 square feet of club house facilities ---- 4 per tennis court p!us 1 pe r 300 sq11.irc feet of clubhouse facility 1 per lee (director) 1_per_:l_ fixed seats 1 per 3 fixed seats, plus 1 per 50 square feet used for assembly purposes without fixed seats, or 1 per bedroom, whichever .L: _results in the gre8ter number of spaces. ---------~-- 21A-150 DEVELOPMENT STANDARDS -PARKING AND CIRCULATION 21A18.030 ~ I LAND USE MINIMUM PARKING SPACES REQUIRED GENERAL SERVICES (K.c,c. 21A.08.050A): --- C:icnerol servir:r.s uses: 1 per_ 300 square foot Exceptions· ----~ Funeml homc/Crem2tmy 1 per 50 ~quare feet _of chapel arec:i Daycare J 2 per facility -~ ~- Oaycc:1re II 2 per h_~r.itity, plus 1 space for_each 20 children Churches, synaqogue. temple I per 5 fixed sec1ts, plus 1 per 50 square feP.t of gross floor area without fixed seab used for f--- assembly purposes -- Outpatient and Veterinmy 1 per :JOO squore feet of office, Jabs and clinic offices examination rooms ~- Nursin9 and personal care 1 per 4 beds facilities - Hospilc.11 1 per bed -- Elementary schools 1 per classroom, plus 1 per 50 stude'.'ts_ Secondary schools Middle/junior high schools_ 1 per classroom: e_lus ·t per_ 50 students High schools -1 per _classroo~_,_p~us 1 per 1 O student.s High schools with slmliums greater of 1 per clc1ssroorn plus I per 10 students, er 1 per 3 fixed seats in st_adium -- Vocat1onc1I scl10ols 1 pr:r classroo'!!_,_ plu:::; 1 per five studc~ts ~- Specialized instnJC:tion 1 per c:Jassroom, plus 1 pRr two students schools Artist Sttidios .9 per 1,000 square feet of area u:::;ed for sturlios GOVERNMENT/BUSINESS SERVICES (K.C.C. 21A.08.060A): - ---- GovemmenUbusincss Sf:'rv!ces uses: 1 pr:r 300 square feet - Ex~ptions: _______ - Public agency ymd 1 per 300 squ;-ire feet of offices, plus .9 per 1,000 square.:, feet of indoor storage or repair areas Public: ;::iuency nrchives 4 per 1000 square feet of storage i:irea, plus ·1 per 50 square feet of waiting/reviewing areas Courts 3 per courtroom, plus 1 per 50 square feet of fixed seat or_ ?_ssernbly areas -- Police faci!)~_ (direclor) Fire facility (director) Construction nnd trade 1 per 300 square feet of office, plus 1 per 3,000 ~-square feet of storage area Warehousin~J and storage 1 per 300 square feet of orfice, plus .9 per 1,000 square feet of storage area Self-service storage 1 per 3,500 square feet of stornge area, plus 2 -for any resident director's unit Outdoor advertising services 1 per 300 square feet of office, plus .9 per 1,000 s11uare feet of storage ar~_a H0c:1vy equipment repair 1 per 300 square feet of office, µJus .9 per 1,000 ~----square fe~(!f lndo(?r repair arnas ---- Office ----------_, 1 per 300 square feet (King County 9-2004) 21A-151 21A18 030 ZONING LAND USE I MINIMUM PARKING SPACES REQUIRED RETAIL/WHOLESALE (K.C.C. 21A.08.070A): Retail trade uses: 1 per 300 square feet Exceptions· - Food stores, less than 3 plus 1 per 350 square feet ~ 15,000 square feet Gasoline SP.rvice st3tion::=. 3 per facility, plus 1 per service bay w/o grocery Gasoline service stations 1 per facility, plus 1 per 300 square feet of w/grocery, no service bays store ~-. Restaurants 1 per 75 square feet in dining or lounge areas Whoiesale trade uses .9 per 1000 square feet Retail and wholesale trade mixed use 1 per 300 square feet ... MANUFACTURING (K.C.C. 21A.08.080A): Manufacturing uses .9 per 1,000 square feet . Winery/Brewery .9 per 1,000 square feet, plus 1 per 50 square feet of tc1sting cirea RESOURCES (K.C.C. 21A.08.090A): .. Resource 1iscs (director) ·- REGIONAL (K.C.C. 21A.08.100A): f-----~ Regional uses ( director) .•. R. An applrcant may request a mod1f1cat1on of the m1n1mum required number of parking spaces by providing that parking demand can be met with a reduced parkir1y requirement. In such cases, the director mc1y approve a reduction of up to fifty percent of the minimum required number of spaces. C. When the county has received ;-i shell building permit application, off-street parking requirements shall be based on the possible tenant improvements or uses authorized by the zone designation and compatible with the limitations of the shell permit. When the range of possible uses result in different parking requirements, the director will establish the amount of parking based on a likely mnge of uses. D. Where other provisions of this code stipulate maximum parking allowed or reduced minimum parking requirements, those provisions shall apply. E. In any development required to provide six or more parking spaces, bicycle parking shall be provided. Bicycle parking shall be bike rack or locker-type parking facilities unless otherwise specified. 1. Off-street parking areas shall contain at least one bicycle parking space for every twelve spaces required for motor vehicles except as follows: a. The director may reduce bike rack parking facilities for patrons when it ,s demonstrated that bicycle activity will not occur at that location. b. The director may requfre additional spaces when it is determined that the use or its location will generate a high volume of bicycle activity. Such a determination will include but not be limited to the following uses: ( 1) Park/playfield, (2) Marina, (King County 9-2004) 21A-152 Dcc\/ELOPMENT STANDARDS-PARKING AND CIRCULATION (3) Ubrary/museumlarboretum, (4) Elm1entar;/sccondary school, (5) Sports club, or 21A 18.030-21A18050 (6) Retail business (when located along a developed bicycle trail or designated bicycle roule). 2. Bicycle facilities for patrons shall be located within 100 feet of lhe building entrance and shall be designed to aJJow either ci bicycle frame or wheels to be locked to a structure attc:iched to the paw~ment 3 All bicycle parking and slorage shall be located in safe, visible areas thal do not impede pedestrian or vehicle trc1ffic flow, and shall be well !1! for nighttime use. 4. VVhcn more than ten people are employed on site, enclosed locker-type parking facifities for employees shall be provided. The director sh,:ill allocate the required number of parking spar:es bc1ween bike rack parking and enclosed locker-type parking facilities. 5. One indoor bicycle storage space shaJ/ be provided for every two d1.velling units in townhouse and apartment residential uses, unless individual garages are rrovtded for every unit The director rnay reduce the numt)P.r of bike rack parking spnces if indoor storage facilities are available to alt residents (Ord. 13022 § 22, 1998 Ord. 11978 § 14, 1995: Ord. 11157 § 18, 1993 Ord. 10870 § 407, 1993). 21A.18.040 Shared parking requirements. The amount of off-street parkiny required by K.C.C. 211\ 18.030 may be reduced by an amount determined by lhe director when shared parking facilities for two or rnore uses are proposed, provided: A The total parking area exceeds 5,000 square feet; 8. Tf1c parking facilities are designed and developed as a single on-·site common parking facility, or as a system of on-site and off-site f3ci!1ties, if all facilities are connected wilh improved pedestrian focllitfes ;-md no buildin!::] or use involved is more than eight hundred_feet from thf: rnost remote ~,hared facility; C. The amount of the reduction shall not exceed ten percent for each use, unless: 1. The normal hours of operation for each use are separated by c:1t least one hour; or 2_ A parking demand study is prepared by a profcss·1or1al traffic engineer .=ind submitted by the applicant documenting that the hours of actual parking demand tor the proposed u:-;P.s will not conflict and those uses will be se[\/ed by adequale parking if shared parking reductions are authori?ed; 3. The director will determine the amount of reduction .subject to paragmph D of this section. D. The total number of parking spaces in the common parking facility is not less than the minimum required spc1ces for any single use; F. A covenant or other contract for shared parking between the cooperating property owners is approved by the director_ This covenant or contract must be recorded with King County records and elections division as a deed restriction on both properties and wnnot be modified or revoked without the consent of the director; and F_ If any requirements for shared parking are violated. the affected property owners must provide a remedy satisfactory to the director or provide the full amount of required off-street parking for each use, In accordance with the requirements of this chapter, unless a satisfactory alternative remedy is approved by the director. (Ord. 11621 § 60, 1994: Ord 10870 § 408, 1993). 21A.18.050 Exceptions for community residential facilities (CRF) and senior citizen assisted housing. A. The minimum requirement of one off-street parking space per two bedrooms for CRF's and one off street parking space per two senior citizen assisted housing units may be reduced by up to 50 percent, as determined by the director based on the following considemtions: 1. Availability of private, convenient transportation services to meet the needs of the CRF residents; 2.Accessibility to and frequency of public transportation; and 3. Pedestrian access to health, medical, and shopping facilities; B. If a CRF facility or senior citizen assisted housing is no longer used for such -purposes, additional off-street parking spaces shall be required in compliance with this chapter prior to the issuance of a new certificate of occupancy. (Ord. 10870 § 409, 1993) (King County 9-2004) ENVIRONMENT /\LL Y SENSITIVE /\REAS 21 /\ 24 Sections: 21A24 010 21A24 020 21/\24.030 21A24 040 21A24.ll50 21A.24 060 21/\.24.070 21/\.24.075 21/\.24.080 21A24 090 21A.24100 21A.24.110 21/\.24.120 21/\.24.130 21/\.24.140 21A24150 21A.24.160 21/\.24.170 21A.24 180 21/\24.190 21 A.2·1200 21 A.24 21 O 21A.24 2?0 21/\.24.230 21/\.24.240 21 A.24 2oU 21/\24.260 21/\.24.270 21A24.275 21A.24.28U 21 A.24.290 21 A.2>1.300 21/\24.310 21A.24.320 21/\.24.330 21/\.24.340 21/\.24.345 21A.24.350 21A24 360 21A.24.370 21/\.24.380 21/\.24.390 21/\.24.400 21/\.24410 21A.24.420 21A.24 500 21/\.24.510 Chapter 21A.24 ENVIRONMENTALLY SENSITIVE AREAS Purpose. Applicability Appculs Sensitive areas rules_ Complete exemptions l'ar1ial exemptions Exceptions rvtodification or waiver of sensitive area requirements -urban lots Sensitive area rnaps c:md inventories. Disclosure by applicant Sensitive area review Sensitive area special study requirement. Contents of sensitive area special study. Mitigation, maintenance. monitoring and contingency. Financial guarantees. Vegetation management plan. Sensitive area markers and signs. Notice on title. Sensitive area tracts and designations on site plans Alteration. Building setbacks. Coal mine hazard areas: Deve!oprnent standards and permitted nlterations. Erosion hazard areas: DevelDpment standards and permitted alterations. Flood hazard areas: Comronents Flood fri119e: Devefopment standards and permitted alterations. Zero-rise floodway. Development standards and permitted alterations. FEMA floodway: Development standards and permitted alterations. Flood hazard areas: Certific,3tion by engineer or surveyor. Channel relocation and stream meander areas. Landslide hazard areas: Development standards and permitted alterations. Seismic hazard areas: Development standards and permitted alterations. \/o!c.=mic hazard areas: Development standards and permitted alterations. Steep slope hazard areas: Development standards and permitted alterations. Wetlands: Development standards. Wetlands: Permitted alterations. Wetlands: mitigaHon requirements. Wetlands: Mitigation bankinq. Wetlands: Limited exemption. Streams: Development standards. Streams: Permitted alterations Streams: Mitigation requirements. Sensilive areas mitigation fee -Creation of fund. Sensitive areas mitigation fee -Source of funds. Sensitive areas mltigation fee -Use of funds. Sensiti\•e areas mitigation fee -Jnvestment of funds. Sensitive area designation. Effect of approval of septic system design based on sensitive area designation. (King County 9-2004) 21/\-183 ENVIRONMENTALLY SENSITIVE AREAS 21A2,1.010 -21A24 020 21A.24.010 Purpose. The purpose of this chapter is to implemenl the goals ,md policies of lhe Washington State Environmenlal Policy Act RCW 43.21C, and the Kinr1 County Comprehensive Plan wtiicti call for protection of the natural environment and the public health and safety by: A_ Establishing development standards to protect defined sensitive areas; B. Protecting rnernbers of the public and public resources and facilities from injury, loss of life, property damage or finar1d,.il loss due to flooding, erosion, avalc1nche, landslides, seismic and voiccu1ic events. soil subsidence or steep slope failures; C. Protecting unique, frc.Jgile and valuable elements of the environment indudi119, but not limited to, wildlife and its habitat: D Rcquiri11g mitigation of unavoidable impacts on environmentally sensilive ,.:ireas by regulating alterations in or near sensitive areJs; E. Preventing cumulatJve adverse environmental impm:ts on water avai!3bili1y, 'Na1cr q1Jality, ground water, wetlands and streams; F. Measuring the quantity and quality of wetland and s1rP-arn resources 3nd preventing overall net loss of weliand and stream functions; G. Protcctinq the public trust as to navigable Welters and c1quatic resources; H. Meeting the requirements of the National Flood Insurance Program and main1aining Kinu County as an eligible community for federal flood insurance benefits; I. Alerting members of the public including, bu\ no\ limited to, appraisers, owners, potenlial buyers or !essees to the development limitations of sensitive areas; and J. Providing counly officials with sufficient information to protect sensitive cJreas. (Ord. 11621 § 69, 1[)9,1: 10870 § 448, 1993). 21A.24.020 Applicability. A The provisions of this chapter shall apply lo all land 1Jses in King County, and all persons within the county shai! corn ply with the requirements of this chapter. B. King County shall not approve ,my permit or otherwise issue any authorization to alter the condition of any land, water or vegetation or to construct or alter any structure or improvement without first assuring compliance with the requirements of this chapter. C. Approv3J of a development proposal pursuant to the provisions of this chapter does not discharge the obligation of the applicant lo comply wiU1 the provisions of this cha pier. D. When any provision of any olher chapler of the King County Code connicts wiH, \his chapter or when the provisions of this chapter are in conflict, thaJ provision which provides more protection to environmentally sensitive areas shall apply unless specifically provided othcrvvise in this chapter or unless such provisiori. conflicts with federal or state laws or regulations. E. The provisions of \his chapler shall apply to all forest practices over which the county has jurisdiction pursuant to RCW 76 09 and WAC 222. (Ord. 10870 § 449, 1993). (King County 9-2004) 21A-185 21A24 030 -21A.24.050 ZONING 21A.24.030 Appeals. Any decision to approve. condition or deny a r!P.velopment proposal based on the requirements of K C.C. 21 A24 may be appealed according to and as part of the appP.al procedure for the permit or approval involved (Ord. 10870 § 450, 1993). 21A.24.040 Sensitive areas rules. Applicable departments within King County are authorized to adopt, pursuant to K_C.C. 2.98, such administrative rules and regulations as are necessary and appropriate to implement K.C.C 21A.2'1-and to prepare and require the use of such forms as are necessary to its administration. (Ord. 10870 § ~51. 1993). 21A.24.D50 Complete exemptions. The followin9 are exempt from the prov1s1ons of this chapter and a11y administrative rules promulgated thereunder: A. Alterations in response to emergencies which threaten the public health, safety and welfare or \Nhich pose an imrnirient risk of damage to private property as long as any alteration undertaken pursuant to this subsection is reported to the department immediately The director shall confirm that an emergency exists and determine wtwt, 1f any, mitigation shall be required to protect the health, safety, welfare and environment and to repair any resource damage; B. A~Jricultura! activities as described below, in existence before November 27, 1990, and performed not less often than once every five years thereafter: 1 Mowing of hay, gmss or qrain crops; 2. Tilling. discing, planting, seeding, harvesting, soil preparation, crop rotation and related activities for pasture, food crops, grass sePd or sod if such activities do not take place on .steep slopes; 3_ Norm.11 and routine maintenance of existing irrigation and drainage ditches not used by salmonids; 4. Norrnr"ll c1nd routine maintenance of farm ponds, fish ponds, manure lc1goons and livestock wc1tering ponds; and ti. grazing by livestock_ C. Public water, electric and natuml gas distribution, public sewer collection, cable communications. telephone utility rind related activities undertaken pursuant to county-approved best rnc:magernent practices, as follows: 1 Normal and routine maintenance or repair of existing utility structures or rights-of-way; 2_ Relocation of electric facilities, lines, equipment or appurtenances, not including substations, with an associated volta~e of fifty five thousand volts or Jess, only when required by a focal govemmental i:lgcncy which r:!pproves the new location of the facilities; 3. Replacement, operation, repair, modification, installation or construction in existing developed utility corridors. an improved county road right-of-way or county-authorized private roadway of all electric facilities, lines, equipment or appurtenances, not including substations; 4. Relocation of public sewer local collection, public water local distribution, natural gas, cable communication or telephone facilities, lines, pipes, mains, equipment or appurtenances, only when required by a local governmental agency which approves the new location of the facilities; 5. Replacement, operation, repair, modification, installation or construction of public sewer local collection, public waler local distribution, natural gas, cable communication or telephone facilities, lines. pipes, mains, equipment or appurtenances when such facilities are located within an improved public right-of-way or county authorized private roadway; D_ Maintenance, operation, repair, modification or replacement of publicly improved roadways as long as any such altcrntion does not involve the expansion of roadways or related improvements into previ- ously unimproved rights-of-way or portions of rights-of-way; E. Maintenance, operation or repair of publicly improved recreation areas as long as any such alteration Joes not involve the expansion of improvements into previously unimproved recreation areas; F. Public agency development proposals only to the extent of any construction contract awarded before November 27. 1990. provided that any lilw or regulation in effect at the time of such award shall apply to the proposal; (King County 9-2004) 21A-186 ENVIRONMENT /\LL Y SENSITIVE AREAS 21/\24.050 -21/\24 060 G. All clearing and grading activities which are exempt from the requirement for a clearing and grading perm ii as specified i11 K.C C 16 82 050, unless these activities require other permits or authorizatiorrs as specified in KC C 21/\24.020. H The following exempt activities are permitted in coar rnine hazard areas, provided that the applicable landowner, operntor or utility ls made c1ware of potc.ntra/ hazards: 1. Forest practices; 2. Agricultural activities; 3_ Minin~J activities; 4. Power. tefcphone. and cabie television utility lines; 5. Grading, fiHing, stockpile removal, and reclamation activities performed in conjunction with or by the Department of Interior's Office of Surface Mining, Reclamation and Enforcement with the intent of eliminrlting or mitigating threats to human health, pubfic safety, environmental restoration or protection of property; and 6. Land uses and activities that existed prior to November 30, 1998. (Ord 13319 § 6, 1998: Ord. 11621 § 71, 1994 10870 § 452, 1993). 21A.24.060 Partial exemptions. A. The fol!ow!nq arc exempt from the provisions of this chapter and any administrative rules promulgated !hereunder, except for the notrce on title provisions, KCC 21A24.170 -21A24.180, and lire flood hazard area provisions, K.C C 21 A ?4 ?30 -21 A 24 270: 1. Structural modification of. addition to or replacement of structures, except single detached residences, in existence before November ?7, 1900 ·Nhich do not meet the building setback or buffer requirements for wetlands, streams or steep slop8 ha1arrl areas if the modification, addition, rcplacemenl or related activity does not increase the existlnq footprint of the structure lying within the above-described bufJding setback c1rec1 scnsiiive area or buffer; c: 1£. \ 2. Structural rnodlfication of, addition to or replacement of single detached residences in existence before November 27, 1990 which do not meet the building setback or buffer requirements for wetlands, stre;,.ms or steep slope hazard areas if the modification, addif1on, replacement or related activity does not increase the existing footprint of the residence !y!ng within the above-described buffer or building setback c1rea by more than 1000 sqtiarc feet over that existing before November 27. 1990 and no portion of the rnodifiec-1tion, addition or replacement is located doser to the sensitive area or, if the existing residence is in lhe sensitive area, extends faril1er into the sensitive--: vrt:~a: and 3. Mainten.incc or repair of structures which do not meet tile development shmc:ards of th:s chapter for coal mine, hmd.sl1de, seismic or volcanic hazard r1reas if the maintenance or repair does not increase the footprint of the s1ructure and \here is no increased risk to life or property as a result of the proposed maintenance or repair; B_ The grazing of livestock is exempt from the provisions of this chapter ..:ind any administrative rules promulgated thereunder, except for the livestock restriction provisions, K.C.C. 21A.24.320 and 21 A 24.360, and any animal density limitations established by law, if the grazing activity was in existence before November 27, 1990; C. A permit or approval sought as pan of a development proposal for which multiple permits are required is exempt from the provisions of this chapter and any administrative rules promulgated thereunder, except for the notice on title provisions, KC.C 21A.24. 170 -21A.24. 180, if: 1. King County previously reviewed al! sensitive areas on the site; 2_ There is no material change in the development proposal since the prior review; 3 -r here is no new ir1forrnation available which is important to any sensitive area review of the site or particular sensitive area; 4. The permit or approval under which the prior review was conducted has not expired or, if no expiration date, no more than five years lapsed since the issuance of that permit or approval; and 5. The prior permit or approval. mcluding any condilrons, has been complied with. (Ord. 10870 § 453, 1993). (King County 9-2004) 21A-187 21A.24.070 · ?1A?4 075 ZONING 21A.24.070 Exceptions. A If the application of this chapter woold prohibit a development proposal by a public agency and urnity, the agency or utility may apply for an exception pur.su;:rnf to this subsection: 1. The public agency or utility shall apply to the department and shall make available to the department other related project documents such as permit applications to other agencies, special studies and SEP/\ documents. 2. The department shall review the application based on the follmving criteria: a. there is no other practical nlternative to the proposed development with less impact on the sensitive area; and b. the proposal minimizes the impact on sensitive areas. 3. The department shall process exceptions, provide public notice, and provide opportunity for the public to request a ptiblic hearinq, and provide an appeal process consistent with the provisions of K.C.C. 20.20. 4. This exception shal! not allow the use of the following sensitive areas for regional storrnwater management facilities except where there is a clear showing that thP. facility will protect public hea!tt1 and safety or repair damaged natural resources: a. class 1 streams or buffers; b. class 1 wetlands or buffers with plant associations of infrequent occurrence; or c. class 1 or 2 wetlands or buffers which provide critical or outstanding habitat for herons, raptors or stc:Jle or federal designated endangered or threatened species unless clearly demonstrated by the applicant that there will be no impact on such habit.at. B. If the application of this chapter would ceny all reasonable use of the property, the applicant may apply for an exception pursuant to this subsection: 1. The applicant may apply for a reasonable use exception without first having appliP-d for a vmi;:mce if the requested exception includes relief from standards for which a variance cannot be granted pursu,mt to the provisions of K.C.C. chapter 21A.44. The applicant shall apply to the department, and the department shall make a final decisinn based on the following criteria: a. the application of this chapter would deny all reasonable use of the property; b_ there is no other reasonable use with less impact on the sensitive area; c the proposed development does not pose an unreasonable threat to the public health, safety or welfare on or off the developmenl proposal site and is consistent with the general purposes of this chapter and the public ir1tcrest; and d. any alterations permitted to the sensitive area shall be the minimum necessary to allow for rc~asonable use of the property; and any authorized alteration of a sensitive area under this subsection shall be subject fo conditions established by the department including, but no! rirnited to, mitigation under an approved mitigation plan. (Ord. 13190 § 19, 1993: Ord. 12196 § 54, 1996: Ord. 11621 § 73, 1994: Ord. 10870 § 454, 1993). 21A.24.075 Modification or waiver of sensitive area requirements --urban lots. The purpose of this secti0n is to provide an alternative to the variance, and exception processes for minor development. A furth~\ purpose of this section is to minimize impacts to sensitive areas by allowing minor modifications of the zo~ng code which allow single family residences on existing, legal urban lots without requiring a variance or exception. The director shall have the discretion to modify or waive some or all of the requirements of this~1tle, including mitigation requirements, pertaining to class 3 wetlands, class 3 streams, and their associ ted buffers or building setbc1ck r1reas in accordance with the provisions of this section. A An applicant may\fequest a modification or waiver of sensitive ~rea requirements pursuant to this section provided the lot or lotS\are located in an urban area designated in the King County Comprehensive Plan and 1 ' B. The applicant for t~'e modification or waiver of sensitive area requirements shall submit any sensitive area special studies follo\,ving a preappiication review meeting as required under K.C.C. 21A24.110 as well as such other documents, studies, as requested by the director. (King County 9-2004) 21A-188 ENVIRONMENT /\I I Y SFNSITIVE AktcAS 21A24 075 -21A24 090 C. The Cirector rn3y grar1t a rnodiflcat1on or waiver of sensitive area requirements provided: 1. The propos;il is the minimum necessary to accommodate the building footprint and access. In no case. however, shall the building footpr:nt exceed 5000 square feet, including access. 2. Access i~, located so as to hcwe the least impact on the sensitive area and Its buffer, 3. The propos<:11 preserves the functions and values of ~vetlands ;:md streams to the maximum extent possible, 4. Adverse 1rnpacts resulting from alterations of steep slopes are minimized, 5. The~ proposal includes on-site mitigation lo tt1c maximum extent possible, 6. ThP-proposal will not significantly affect drainage capabilities, flood potenti31, amt steep slopes and landslide h;-vards e1tl1er on neighboring properties or on the proposal itself; and 7_ The proposal first develops nonsensitive area land, then the sensitive area· buffer before the sensitive area itself is developed. The director rnay require on-site or off-site mitigation measures to compensate for the loss of the functions and values of the sensitive areas and may impose rnitigatin~ condi_ti6ns to the modification or waivPr in order to meet the standards of this subsection C. / D. Where a modification or waiver of sensitive area requirements upder this section is proposed. U1e director shall give writtAn mailed notice of the proposed modification o//waiver to a!I owners of property located within three hundred feel of any boundary of the subject prope~y'and lo the water and land resources division and shall allow fifteen calendm days for comment before _making a decision. The dP.cision of t11e director regarding the modification or waiver shall be mailed lo /the app!icant and to any other person who requests a copy. The decision shall state the reasons for denial,or any required mitigntion or other conditions imposed. The decision of the director regarding the modifitation or waiver may be appealed per K.C.C. 211\24.030. E. This section shall not 3pply to the following steep ~;/ope hazard areas: 1. Steep slope ~1azard areas that are unrnitigatable landslide hazard areas; and 2. Steep slope hazard areas of slope greater than sevenly percent where ei1her the lo! or slope are abutting and above a class 1 or 2 wetland stream, ;md associated buffer, or an open storrnwater conveyance syslern_ (Ord. 13190 § 20, 1998 Ord 11621 § 70, 1994) 21A.24.080 Sensitive area maps a_nd inventories. A The distribution of many envfr(?rimenta/ly sensitive areas in western King County is displayed on maps in the Sensitive Areas lv13p Folio. Many of the wetbnds are inventoried and rated and that inform3tion is published in the King County Wetlr1f)ds Inventory Notebooks. Many flood hazard areas are mapped by the Federal Insurance Administration in ,,a' scientific and enqincering report entitled "The Flood Insurance Study for King County ... If there is a conf)fd among !he maps, inventory c:md sitc-speClfic features, the depr.1rtment of development and envlronmer/al services shall verify the actual presence or absence of the features defined in this title as sensitive ;lreas. The determination rn,iy be challenged by the property owner. (Ord 11621 § 74. 1994 Ord. 10870 § 455, 1993) 21A.24_090 Disclosure by applicant. /\. The applicant shall disclose to King County the presence of sensitive areas on the development proposal sile and any mapped or identifiable sensitive areas within 100 feet of the applicant's property B. If the development proposal site contains or is within a sensitive area, the applicant shall submit an affidavit which declares whether the applicant has knowledge of any illegal alteration to any or all sensitive areas on the development proposal site and whether the applicant previously has been found In violation of this chapter, pursuant to_ K.C.C. Title 23. If the applicant prcvlously has been found in violation, the applicant shall declare whether such violation has been corrected to the satisfaction of King County. (Ord_ 10B70 § 456, 1993). (King County 9-2004) 21A-189 211\24.1 oo -?rn 74.120 ZONING 21A.24.100 Sensitive area review. A. Except as provided 1n s11bsectior1 C of U1is section, King County shall perform a sensitfve area review for any development pro;)osal permit application or other request for permission to proceed with an zi!teration on a sit(; that includes a sensitive area or is within an identified sensitive area buffer or building setback area. 8. As part of tile ser1sitive rnea review, King County shall: 1 _ Determine whether any sensitive area exists on the property and confirm its nature and type; 7 Dctcrrrnne whether a sensitive area special study is required; 3 Evaluate the sensitive area special study: 4_ Determine whether the development proposal is consistent with this chapter; 5 Determine whether any proposed alteration to the sensitive area is necessary; and 6. Determine if the mitigation and monitoring plans and bonding measures proposed by the applicant are suffrcient to protect the pubi1c health. safety and welfare. consistent with the goals, purposes, objectives and requirements of this chapter C. If a development proposal does not involve any site disturbance, clearing, or grading and only requires a permit or ;::ipproval under K.C.C. chapter 16.04 or 17.04, sensitive area review is not required, unless the develnrment proposal is located within a landslide hazard area, seismic hazard area, or coal mine hazard area and the proposed development will cause additional loads on the foundation. such as by expanding the habitable square foolr.tge of the structure or by adding or changing structural features th~-:1t change the load bearing characteristics of the structure_ Sensitive area review required under H1is subsection shall be limited to consideration of the development proposal and the hazard area 1n which it is !oc~atcd. (Ord. 14449 § 9. 2002 Ord. 10870 § 457, 1993) 21A.24.110 Sensitive area special study requirement. A An applicant for a developrnRnt proposal which includes a sensitive area or is within an identified sensitive area buffer shall submit a sensitive area special study to cu.icquately evaluate the proposal and all probable impacts_ B. King County mc.1y vi1aive the requirement for a special study if the applicant shows, to King County's satisfaction. that: 1. There will be no alteration of thP. sensitive area or buffer; 2_ l he development proposal will not have an impact on the sensitive area in a manner contrary to the goals, purposes. objectives and requirements of this chapter; arid 3. The minimum standards required by this chnpter are met. C If necessary to insure cornrliance with this chapter, King County rnay require additionul information from the applicant, separate from the special study. (Ord. 10870 § 458, 1993)- 21A.24.120 Contents of sensitive area special study_ A. The sensitive area special study shall be in the form of a written report and shall contain the following, as applicable· 1. Identification and characterization of all sensitive areas on or encompassing the development proposal site; 2_ Assessment of the impacts of any alteration proposed for a sensitive area or buffer, assessment of the impacts of any alteration on the development proposal, other properties and the environment, and/or assessment of the impacts to the development proposal resulting from development in the sensitive area or buffer; 3_ Studies which propose adequate mitigation, maintenance, monitoring and contingency plans and bonding measures; 4 _ A scale map of the development proposal site; and 5. Detailed studies, a,; required by King County. B. /\ sensitive area ~pecial study may be combined with any studies required by other laws and regulations; and C If the development proposal will affect only a part of the development proposal site, the county may limit the scope of the required special study to include only that part of the site which may be affected by the development. (Ord 10810 § 459, 1993). (King County 9-2004) 21A-190 r.NVIRONMENTAI LY SFNSITIVI' /\RE!,S 21A24.130 -21/\24.170 21A.24.130 Mitigation, maintenance, monitoring and contingency. I\ /\s determined by King County, mitigation, maintenance and monitoring measures shaH be in place to protect scnsi1ive c1re;is ,-rnd buffers from alterations occurring on the development proposal site. 8. Wt1ere monitoring reve,1ls a siunificant deviation from predicted impacts or a failure of mitigation or maintenance measure5, the applicant shG)l be responsible for appropriate corrective action which, when approved, shall be subject to further rnonitor1119. (Ord 10870 § 460, 1993). 21A.24.140 Financial guarantees. Finc1nciaJ guarantees shall be required consistent with the provisions of Title 27 A (Ord 12020 § 54, 1995: Ord. 10870 § 461, 1993). 21A.24.150 Vegetation management plan. A For all developrnenl proposals where preservntion of existing vegetation is required by this chapter, a vegetation management plan shall be submitted and approved prior to issuance of the permit or other request for permi.sslon to proceed with cu, alteration 8-The veyetation management plan shall identify the proposed clearing \irnits for the project and any areas where vegetation in c:i sensitive area or its buffer is proposed to be disturbed. C Where clearing includes cutting any merchantable stand of timber, as defined in WAC 222~16- 010(28), lhe vegetation management plan shall include a description of proposed logging prnctices which dernonstmtes how all sensitive areas will be protected in accordance with the provisions of this chapter. D. Clearing limits as shown on the plan shall be marked in the field in a prominent ;:md durable rnarmer. Proposed methods of field marking shall be reviewed and approved by King County prior to any site alteration. Field marking st1all rcrnain in place until the certificate of occupancy or final project approval is granted E The vegetation management plan may be incorporated into a temporary erosion and sedirnent control pl,:m or landscaping plan where either of these plans is required by other laws or regulc.ltions. F. Submittal requirements for vegetation management plans shall lie set forth in adrninistmtive rules (Ord 10870 § 462. 1993). 21A.24.160 Sensitive area markers and signs. A. Permanent survey stakes delineating the boundary betvvcen adjoining property and sensitive area tracts shall be set, using iron or concrete markers as established by current survey standards. B. The boundary between a sensitive area tmct and contiyuous land shall be identified with permanent srgns (Ord. "10870 § 463. 1993). 21A.24.170 Notice on title. A. Except as othervvise provided in subsection of C of this section, lhe owner of any prop8~y containing sensitive areas or buffers on which a development proposal is submitted sl1aU file a notice approved by King County with the records, elections and licenslng services division. The required contents and form of the notice shall be set forth in administrative rules. T tic notice shall inform the public of the presence of sensitive areas or buffers on the property, of the application of this chapter to the property and that llmitations on actions in or offccting such sensitive areas or buffers may exist. The notice shall run with the land. B. The applicant for a development proposal shall submit proof that the notice required by this section has been filed for public record before King County shall approve any development proposal for the property or, in the cc1se of subdivisions, short subdivisions and binding site plans, at or before recording. C. The notice required under subsection A of this section is not required if: 1. The property is a public right-of-way or the site of a permanent public facility; or 2. The development proposal does not require sensitive area review under K.C.C. 21A.24.100C. (Ord.14449§ 10, 2002 Ord.14187§3,2001: Ord.10870§464, 1993). (King County 9-2004) 21/\-191 21A.24180 -21A.24 210 ZONING 21A.24.180 Sensitive area tracts and designations on site plans. A. Sensitive area tracts shall be used to delinccitc and protect those sensitive areas and buffers listed below in development proposals for subdivisions, short subdivisions or bindin~J site plans and shall be recorded on all documents of title of record for all .Jffected lots: 1 All landslide hazard areas and buffers that arc one acre or greoter in size; 2_ All steep slope hazard areas and buffers that are one acre or yreater in size: 3 All wetlands and buffers; and 4. All streams and buffers. B. Any required sensitive area tract sh;-~11 be held in an undivided interest by each owner of a building Joi within the development with this ownership interest passing with the ownership of the lot or shall be held by an incorporated horneowncr's association or other legal entity whlch assures the ownership, maintenance ,:md protection of the tract. C Site plans submitted as part of development proposals for building permits, master plan developments and clearing and gradinq permits shall include and delineate: 1. All fiood hazard areas, if they have been mapped by f-1::MA or King County or if a special study is required; 2. Landslide, volcanic, coal mine and steep slow~ hazard areas; 3. Streams and wetlands; 4. Buffers; and 5. Building setbacks. D. If only a part of the development site has been mapped pursuant to K.C.C. 21A?4 120C. the part of the site that has not been mapped shall be clearly identified and labeled on the site plans. (Ord 14449 § 11, 2002 Ord. 10870 § 465, 1993) 21A.24.190 Alteration. Any human activity which results or ls likely lo result in an impact upon the existing condition of a sensitive area Is an alteration which is subject to specific limitations as specified for each sensitive area. Alterations include, but are not !irniterJ to, grading, filling, dredging, draining, channelizing, applying herbicides or pesticides or any hazardous substance, discharging pollutants except stormwater, grazing domestic animals, paving, constructing, applying gravel, modifying for surface water management purposes. cutting, pruning, topping, trimming, relocating or removing vegetation or any other human activity which results or is likely to result in an impact to existent ve~1etatior1, hydrotogy, wildlife or wildlife habitat. Alterations do not include walking, fishing or any other passive recreation or other similar activities. (Ord. 10870 § 466. 1993). 21A.24.200 Building setbacks. Unless otherwise provided, buildings and other structures shall be set back a distance of 15 feet from the edges of all sensitive area buffers or from the edges of all sensitive areas. if no buffers are required. The following may be allowed in the building setback area: A Landscaping; R. Uncovered decks; and C Building overhangs 1/ such overhangs do not extend more than 18 inches into the setback area; D. Impervious ground surfaces, such as driveways ~md patios, provided that such improvements may be subject to special drainage provisions specified in administrative rules adopted for the various ,, sensitive areas. (Ord. 10870 § 467, 1993). 21A.24.210 Coal mine hazard areas: Development standards and permitted alterations. A. Alterations within coal mine hazard areas shall not be permitted without prior acceptance of a coal mine hazard assessment report and provided that: 1. Based upon recommendations contained w1th1n the report, a studied site shall be classified as one or a combination of the following: a. declassified coal mine areas; b. moderate coal mine hazard areas; or c. severe coal mine hcFard areas. (King Co11nty 9-2004) 21A-192 ENVIRONMEN I /\1.L Y SENS! JIVE /\REAS 21/\24.210 ? ThP. cocil mine ha7c:1rd assessment report shall be prepared by a professional engineer using methodology and assumptions consis!P.nt with stc1ndards or professional eng!neenng guidelines adopted by the depmlmenl. The report may contain the following as determined by the department to be necessary for the review of the proposed use- a c.1 stc1ternent of the profess1ona! engineer's qualifiG1tions and lic:ensin9 information, togeiher with a signature and stamµed seal; b. a list of references utilized in preparation of the report; c. a description of the analytical tools and processes that have been used 1n the report; d. surface exploration data such 8s borings, drill holes. test pits, wells, geologic reports, and other relevant reports or site investigations that rnay be useful in making conclusions or recommendations about the site ur1der investigation; e. a description of historical data and information used in the evaluation together with sources. Such data and informatior. shall include: (1) topographic maps ot a scale and contour interval of sufficient detail tn assess the site. The site boundaries and proposed site development shall be overl;1iri with the rnine rlan view map, as appropriate, (2) copies of illustrative coal mlne maps showing remnant mine conditions, if avoil8ble: (3) aerial photography, as appropriate; (4) geological data including geologic crosssections and other illustr<ltive data as appropriate, and (5) available historic mine records indicating the dates of operation, the dale of cessation of active mining, the number of years since abandonment, mining methods, shoring and timbering information, the strength of the overlying rock strata, the extracted seam thickness, the dip or inclination of the strata, workings and surface, the projected surface location of the seam outcrop or subcrop, the estimated depth of ;he seam outcrop or subcrop, if covered by glacial outwash, glacial till or other materials at depth, total coal ~onn::1ge produced, estimated coal mine by-product material produced and the estimc:1ted extraction ratio. L a mine plan view rnap, reproduced at the same scale as the topographic map, showing the locat:on of the mine, the extent of mining, the proposed site development. 1f applicable, and any remnant abandoned mine surface features. The following shall be included: (1) the layout of the underground mine; (2) the location of any mine entries, portals, adits, mine shafts, air shafts, timber shafts, and other significant mine features; (3) the location of any known sinkholes, significant surface depressions, trough subsidence features, coal mine spoil piles and other rnine-relnted surface features; (4) the location of any prior site improvements that have been carried out to mitigate abandoned coal mine features; and (5) zones showing varying overburden-cover-to-seam-thickness ratios. when appropriate. g. a statement as to the relative degree of accuracy and completeness of the maps and information revie1Ned, especially regarding historic mine rnvp accuracy, cmd reasons why such sources are considered reliable for the purpose of the haLard assessment report; h. a mitigation plan containln9 recommendations for mitigation, as appropriate, for the specific proposed alteration; i recommendations for additional study, reports, development standards or architectural recommendations for subsequent and more specific proposed alterations, as appropriate; j. analysis and recommendations, if any, of the potential for future trough subsidence and special mitigation; and k. a delineation of coal mine hazard areas for the site under investigation using a map identifying the specific category (i.e., severe, moderate, or declassified) of mine hazard area. For the purposes of obtaining accurate legal descriptions, the mine hazard areas shall be surveyed and the survey map shall be drawn at a scale of not Jess than 1"~200'. (King County 9-2004) 21A24.210 ZONING 3. Giving great weight to tl1e licensing requirements of professional engineers and standards of professional accountability and liability, the department shall review the coal mine hazard assessment report and within the time period specified in K.C.C. 20.20.050 either accept the report, recommend revisions or additions to the report or return the report to the applicant as unaccepted and detail the specific deficiencief; In the event of a disagreement, the applicant m,,y submit the report to a mutually agreed-upon third party professional engineer who will conduct the review and issue a decision binding upon the department and applicant. 4. When a hazard assessment report has been accepted. the applicant .sh;:;i!I record a notice on the title of the property as follows: "NOTICE" ''This property is localed in an area of historic coal mine activity. A coal mine hcvard assessment report has been prepc:Jred to chnracteri?e the potential hazards contaJned on this property. l he report is dated [insert date of the final report], was prepared by [111sert name of professional engineer with license number] at the direction of [insert name of property owne,j, and reviewed by the King County department of development and environmental services [and, if necessary, include name of peer reviewing professional engineer ~vith license number]. A review of the report is advised prior to undertaking unregulated or exempt land use activities and is required prior to undertakir1g regulc:1tcd land use activities." B. Permitted a!terations within a coal mine haLard area are allowed as follows, subject to other King County Code permit requirements: 1 Within declassified coal mlne area~ all alterations are permitted. 2. Within moderate coal mine hazard areas and coal mine by-product stockpiles, r1II alter.:itions are permitted subject to a mitigation plan to minimize risk of structural damage using approµriate criteria to evaluate the proposed use. If required or recommended by the hazard assessment report, the mitigation plan to address potential trough subsidence must be prepared by a professior1al engineer and may be included in the coal mine hazard assessment report or may be an additional study or report, as appropriate. 3. \Nithin severe coal mine hazard areas the following alteratlons are permitted: a. all grading, filling, stockpile removal, c:1nd reclamation activities undertaken pursuant to a coal mine ha?ard assessment report with the intent of eliminating or mitigating threats to human health, public safety, environmental restoration or protec!1on of property, provided that: (1) signed c:md stamped plans have been prepared by a professional engineer; (2) as-built drawings are prepared following reclamation activities; and (3) the plans and as-built drawings shall be submitted to the department for inclusion with the coal mine hazard assessment report prepared for the property. b. private road construction and maintenance activities, provided that mitigation to eliminate or mtnirnize significant risk of personal injury are incorporated into road construction or maintenance plans. c. buildings with less than four thousand square feet of floor area that contain no living quarters and that are not used as places of employment or public assembly, provided that mitigation to eliminate or minimize significant risk of personal injury are incorporated into site, building, and/or landscaping plans. d. additional land use activities provided that they are consistent with recommendations contained within any mitigation plan required by the hazard assessment report. (Ord. 13319 § 7, 1998: Ord. 11896 § 1, 1995: Ord. 10870 § 468, 1993). (King County 9-2004) 21A-194 ENVIRONMl=NT /1Ll.Y SENSITIVE ARE/\S 21A24 220 · 21A 24.230 21A.24.220 Erosion hazard areas: Development standards and permitted alterations. A Clearing on an erosion hazard area is allowed only from April 1 to September 1, except that: 1. Up to 15,000 squcJre feet may be cleared on any lot. subject to any other requirement for vegetation retention and subject to any clearing and grading permit required by K.C.C 16 82. and 2. Timber harvest may be allowed pursuant to an approved forest practice perrnit issued by the Washington Department of Natural Resources. B. A!I development proposals on sites containing erosion hal"ard areas shafl include a ternµorary erosion control plan consistent with this section and other laws ;:rnd regulations prior to receiving approval Specific requirements for such plans shall be set forth in administrative rnles C. /\II .subdivisions, short subdivisions or binding site plc::ins on sites with erosion hazard areas shall comply with the following additional requirements: 1. Except as provided in this section, existing vegetation shall be ret.1inerl on zill lots until building permits are approved for development on individual lots; 2. If any vegetation on the lots is damaged or removed during constrnction of the subdivision 1nfrastruclure. the applicant shall be required lo submit a restoration plan to King County for review and approval Following approval, the applicant shall be required to implement the plan; 3. Clearing of vegetation on lots may be aliowed without a separate clearing and grading permit if King County determines that a. such clearing is c.1 necessary part of a large scale grading plan; b. it is not feasible to perform such grciding on an individual lot basis; and c. drainage from the gmded area will meet water quality standards lo be established by administrative rules. D. Vi/here Kino County determines thcJt erosion frorn a development site poses a significant risk of damage to downstream receiving waters. based either on the size of the project, the proximity to thP- receiving water or the sensitivity of the receiving water. the applicant shall be required to provide regular monitoring of surface water discharrJe frorn lhe site If the project does not meet water quality standards established by law or administrative rules, the county nwy suspend further development work on the site until such standards are met. E fhe use of hazardous substmiccs, pesticides and fertilizers in erosion hazard areas may be prohibited hy King County (Ord. 10870 § 469, 1993). 21A.24.230 Flood hazard areas: Components. A. A flood ha;.,-ard r1rea consists of the following components: 1. floodplain; 2. Flood fringe; 3. Zero-rise fioodway; and 4. Federal Emergency Management Agency ("FEMA") floodway. B. King County shall determine the flood hazard area after obtaining, reviewing and utilizing base nood elevations and available noodway data for a flood having a one percent chance of being equaled or exceeded in any given year, often referred to as the "100-year flood." The base flood is determined for existing conditions, unless a basin plan including projected flows under future developed conditions has been completed and adopted by King County, in which case these future flow projections shall be used. In areas where the Flood Insurance Study for King County includes detailed base flood calculations, those calculations may be used until projections of future flows are completed and approved by King County. (Ord. 10870 § 470, 1993). (King County 9-2004) 21A-195 21A24.240 ZONING 21A.24.240 Flood fringe: Development standards and permitted alterations. Development proposals on sites within the fiood fringe area shall meel the following requirements: /\. Development proposals shall not reduce lhe effective base fiood storage volume of the fioodplain. Grading or other activity which would reduce the effective storage volume shall be mitigated by creating compensatory storage on the site or off the site if legal arrangements can be made 10 assure that the effective compensatory storage volume will be preserved over time. Grading for construction of livestock m.1nure storage facilities to control non-point source water pollution designed to the standards of and approved by the Kinq Conservation District is exempt from this compensatory storage requirement. B. All elevated construction shall be designed c..md certified by a professional structural engineer licensed by the State of Washington and shall be approved by King County prior to construction. C. Subdivisions. short subdivisions and binding site plans shall rnoet the following requirements: 1. New building lots shall contain 5,000 square feet or more of buildable land outside the zero nse fioodway, and building setback areas shall be shown on the face of the plat to restrict permanent structures to this buildable area; 2. /\II utilities and facihties such as sewer, gas, electrical and water systems shall be located and constructed consistent with subsections 0., E. and H; 3. Base flood data and fiood hazard notes shall be sl1own on the face of the recorded subdivision. short subdivision or binding site plan including. but not limited to, the bc1sc flood elevation, required fiood protection elevations and the boundaries of the floodplain and the zero.rise fioodway, if determined; and 4. The following notice shall also be shown on the face of the recorded subdivision. short subdivision or binding site plan for all affected lots· "NOTICE" "Lots and structures located within flood hazard areas may be iriacccss1blc by emergency vehicles during flood events. Residents and property owners should take appropriate advance precautions." D. New residential structures and substantial improvements of existing residential slructures shall meet the following requirements: 1. The lowest floor shall be elevated to the flood protection elevation; 2. Portions of ;::i structure which are below the lowest flour area shall not be fuHy enclosed. The areas and rooms below the lowest floor shall be designed to automatically equalize hydrostatic and hydrodynamic flood forces on exterior walls by allowing for the entry and exit of floodwaters. Designs for satisfying this requirement shall meet or exceed the following requirements: a. a minimum of two openings on opposite walls having a total open area of not less than one square inch for every square foot of enc!oserl area subject to flooding shall be provided; b. the bottom of all openings shall be no higher than one foot above grade; and c. openings may be equipped with screens, louvers or other coverings or devices if they permit the unrestricted entry and exit of floodwaters; 3. Materials and methods which are resistant to and minimize flood damage shall be used; and 4. All electrical, heating, ventilation, plumbing, air conditioning equipment and other utility and service facilities shall be flood-proofed to or elevated above the fiood protection elevation. E. New nonresidential structures and substantial improvements of existing nonresidential structures shall meet the following requirements: 1. The elevation requirement for residential structures contained In subsection D.1 shall be met; or 2. The structure shall be fiood-proofed to the flood protection elevation and shall meet the following requirements: a. the applicant shall provide certification by a professional civil or structural engineer licensed by the State of Washington that the fiood-proofing methods are adequate to withstand the flood-deptlis, pressures, velocities, impacts, uplift forces and other factors associated with the base flood. After construction, the engineer shall certify that the permitted work conforms with the approved plans and specifications; and (King County 9-2004) 21A-196 FNVIRONMENT/\LLY SENSITIVE AREAS 21/1.21210 b approved building permits for flood-proofed nonresidential structures sl1all contain a statement notifying applicants !hot flood insurance premiums shall be based upon rc1tes for structures which are one foot below the flood-proofed level; 3. Materials and methods which are resistant to and minimize flood damage shall be used; anrl 4. /\II electrical, heating, ventilation, plumbing, dir conditioning equipment arid other utility cmd service facilities shall be flood-proofed to or elevated above the flood protection elevation. r-.=. All new construction shall be anchored to prevent flotation, collapse or lateral movement of the structure. G. Mobile homes and mobile home parks shall meet the following requirements: 1. Mobile homes shall meet all requirements for flood hazard protection for residential structures. shall be anchored and shall be installed using methods and practices which minimize flood damage; and 2. No permit or approval for the follow1nq shall be granted unless all mobile homes with111 Ille mobile home park meet the requirements for flood hazard protection for residentral structures· a. a new mobile home park; b. an expansion of an existing mobile home park; or c. ariy repair or reconstruction of streets, utilities or pads in an existin~J mobile home park whid1 equals or exceeds 50 percent of the value of such streets, utilities or pads. H. Utilities shall meet the following requirements. 1. New and replacement utilities including, but not limited to, sewage treatment facilities shall be flood-proofed to or elevated above the flood protection elevation; 2. New on--site scwaqe disposal systems shall be. to the extent possible, located outside the limits of the base flood elevation. The installation of new on~site sewage disposal systems iri the flood fringe may be allowed if no feasible alternative site is av21ilable: 3. Sewage and agricultur81 waste storage facilities shall be flood proofed to lhe flood protection elevation; 4. Above-ground ut"11ity transmission Jines, other than elRctnc trc1nsmission lines, shatl only be arlowed for the transport of non-hazardous substances; and 5. Buried utility transmission lines trm1sporting hazardous substances shall be buried at a minimum depth of four feet below the maximum depth of scour for the base flood, as predicted by a professional civil engineer licensed by the State of \/VcJshington, and shall achieve sufficient negative buoyancy so that any potential for flotation or upward migration is eliminated. I. Critical facilities may be allowed within the flood fringe of the floodplain, but only when no feasible alternative site is available. Critical facilities shall be evaluated through the conditional or special use permit process. Critical far-ilities constructe;d within the flood fringe shall have the lowP.st floor elevated to three or more feet above the bc1se flood elevation. Flood-proofing and sealing measures shall be taken lo ensure that hazardous substances will not be displaced by or released into floodwatP.rs Access routes elevated to or above the base flood elevation shall be provided !o c1!1 critical facilities from the nearest maintained public street or roadway. J. Prior to approving any permit for alterations in the flood fringe, King County shall determine that all permits required by stale or federal law have been obtained. (Ord. 11621 § 76, 1994: Ord. 10870 § 471, 1993). (King County 9-2004) 21/1--197 21A24.250 ZONING 21A.24.250 Zero-rise floodway: Development standards and permitted alterations. A The requirements which apply to the flood fringe shall also apply to the zero rise floodway. The more restrictive requirements sha!I apply where there is a conflict. B. A development proposal including, but not limited to, new or reconstructed structures shall not cause any increase in the base flood elevation unless the following requirements are rnet: 1. Arnendrnents to the Flood Insurance Rate Map are adopted by FEMA, in accordance with 44 CFR 70, to incorporate the increase in the base flood elevation; and 2. Appropriate legal documents are prepared in which all property owr1ers affected by the increcised flood elevations consent to thR impacts on their property. These documents shall be filcti with the title of record for t11e affected properties C. The following are presumed to produce no increase in base flood elevation and shall not require a special study to establish this fact: 1. New residential structures outside the FEMA floodway on lots in existence before November 27, 1990 which contain !css than 5,000 square feet of buildable land outside the zero-nse floodway and which have a total building footprint of all proposed structures on the lot of less than 2,000 square feet; 2. Substantial improvements of existing residential structures in the zero-rise floodway, but outside the FEMA floodway, where the footprint is not increased; or 3 Substantial improvements of existing residential structures meeting the requin~ments for new residential structures in K.C C 21A.24.240. D. Post or piling construction techniques which permit water flow beneath a structure shall he used E. All temporary structures or substances hazardous to public health, safety and welfare, except for hazardous household substances or consumer products containing hazardous substances, shall be removed from the zero-rise floodway during the flood season from September 30 to May 1. F _ New residentiaf structures or any structure accessory to a residential use shall meet the following requirements: 1. The structures shall be outside tf1e FEMA floodway: and 2. The structures shall be on lots in existence before November 27, 1990 which contain Jess than 5000 square feet of buildable land outside the zero-rise floodway. G. Utilities mcJy be allowed within the zero-rise floodway if King County determines that no feasible alternativP. site is available, subject to the following requirements: 1. Installation of new on-site sewage disposal systems shall be prohibited unfess a waiver is grcrnted by the Seattle/King County department of public health; and 2_ Construction of sewage treatment facilities shall be prohibited. H Critical facilities shall r1ol be allowed within the zero-rise floodway except as provided in subsection J. L Livestock manure storage facilities and associated non-point source water pollution facilities designed, constructed and maintcJincd to the standards of and approved in a conservation plan by the Krng County Conservation District may be allowed if King County reviews and approves the location and design of the facililies J. Structures and installations which are dependent upon the noodway may be located in the floodway if the development proposal is approved by all agencies with jurisdiction. Such structures include, but are not limited to: 1. Dams or diversions for water supply, flood control, hydroelectric production, irrigation or fisheries enhancement; 2. Flood damage reduction facilities, such as levees and pumping stations; 3. Stream bank stabilization structures where no feasible alternative exists for protecting public or private property; 4. Storm water conveyance facilities subject to the development standards for streams and wetlcJnds and the Surface Water Desrgn Manual; 5. Boat launches and related recreation structures; 6. Bridge piers and abutments; and 7 Other fisheries enhancement or stream restoration projects. (Ord 10870 § 472, 1993). (Krng County 9-2004) 21A--198 ENVIRONMENTALLY SENSITIVE AREAS 21A.24 260 -211\.24 280 21A.24.260 FEMA floodway: Development standards and permitted alterations. !\. The requirements which apply to the zero-rise floodway shall also apply to the FEMA floodway The rnore restrictive requirements shall apply where there is zi conflict. B. A development proposal including. but not lirntlcd to, new or reconstructed structures shall not cause any increase in the base flood elevation. C. New residential or nonresidential structures are prohibited within lhe FEMA floodway. D. Substantial improvements of existing residential structures in the FEMA Hoodway, meeting the requirements of WAC '173-158-070, as amended. are presumed to produce no increase in base flood elevation and shall not require a special study to establish this fact. (Ord 10870 § 473. 1993). 21A.24.270 Flood hazard areas: Certification by engineer or surveyor. A. For all new structures or substantial improvements in a nood hazard area, the applicant shall provide certification by a professional civil engineer or land surveyor licensed by the State of Washington of: 1. The actual as-built elevation of the lowest fioor, including basement: and 2. The actual as-built elevation to which the structure is flood-proofed, if applicable. B. The engineer or surveyor shall indicate if the structure has a basement C. King County shall maintain ttie certifications required by this ~ection for public Inspection. (Ord. 10870 § 474, 1993). 21A.24.275 Channel relocation and stream meander areas. No structme shall be allowed which would be at risk due to channel relocation or stream meander until the promulgation of a public rule. (Ord 11621 § 75, 1994). 21A.24.280 Landslide hazard areas: Development standards and permitted alterations. A Jeveloprncnt proposal on a site containino a landslide hazard area shall meet the following requirements: A. /\ minimum buffer of :>O feet stwll be established from all edges of the l.cmdslide hazard area_ J he buffer shall be extended as required lo rnitiyate a steep slope or erosion haz;ird or as otherwise necessary to protect the public health, safety and welfare. For landslide hazard areas that are also steep slopes over 700 feet in height, the builclin9 setback shall be 50 feet from the buffer The building setback may be reduced to c:i rniriirnurn of 15 foet fr1:m the buffer if, hased on a special sturly, King County determines that the reduction will adequately protec1 the proposed development and the sensitive area. For single family residential buildin9 permits only, King County may waive the special study requirement and authorize building setback reductions. pursuant to K.C.C. 21A.21 015 or if Kinq County determines that the reduction will adequately protect the proposed development and the sensitive area; B. Un\ess otherwise provided herein or c:1s part of an dpproved alteration, removal of any vegetation from a landslide hazard area or buffer shall be prohibited, except for limited removal of vegetation necessary for surveying purposes and for the removal of hazard trees determined to be unsafe according to tree selection rules promulgated pursuant to this chapter Notice to King County shall be provided prior to any vegetation removal permitted by this subsection; C. Vegetation on slopes within a landslide hazard area or buffer which has been damaged by human activity or infested by noxious weeds rnay be replaced with vegetation native to King County pursuant to an enhancement plan approved by King County. The use of hazardous substances, pesticides and fertilizers in landslide hazard areas and their buffers may be prohibited by King County; and D. Alterations to landslide hazard areas and buffers may be allowed only as follows: 1. A landslide hazard area located on a slope 40% or steeper may be altered only if the alteration meets the standards and !imitations set forth for steep slope hazard areas in K.C.C. 21A.24.310; 2. A landslide hazard area located on a slope less than 40% may be altered only if the altemtion meets the following requrrements: a. the development proposal will not decrease slope stability on contiguous properties; and b. mitigation based on the best available engineering and geological practices is 1mplemenled which either eliminates or minimizes the risk of damage, death or injury resulting from landslides; and 3. Neither buffers nor a sensitive area tract shall be required if the alteration meets the standards of subsection D.2. (Ord. 12822 § 9. 1997: Ord. 10870 § 475, 1993). (King County 9-2004) 21A-199 21A2,l290-21A.24.310 ZONING 21A.24.290 Seismic hazard areas: Development standards and penmitted alterations. A development proposal on a site containing a seismic hazard area shall rneet the following requirements: A Unless exempt. development proposals shall be subject to review standards based on two occupcmcy types: critical facilities and other structures. The review standards for critical facilities shall be based on larger earthquake reoccurrence intervals_ The review standards for both occupancy types shall be set forth in administrative rules; B. Alterations to seismic hazard areas may be allowed only as follows: 1 The evaluation of site-specific subsurface conditions shows that the proposed development site is not located in a seismic hazard area; or 2. Mitigation based on the best available engineering and geological practices is implemented which either eliminates or minimizes the risk of damage, death or injiiry resulting from seismically induced settlement or soil liquefaction; and 3. Mobile homes may be placed in seismic hazard areas without performing special studies to address the seismic hazard. Such mobile homes may be suh1ecl to special support and tie-down requirements. These requirements shall be set forth in administrative rules. C. Ruildings with less than 2500 square feet of fioor area or roof area (whichever is greater) that con1r:1in no living quarters and that are not used as places of employment or public assembly exempt from the provisions of this section. (Ord. 10870 § 47n, 1993). 21A.24.300 Volcanic hazard areas: Development standards and permitted alterations. /\ development proposal on a site containing a volcanic hazard area shall meet the following requirements: A. Within volcanic hrvard areas located along the White River upstream from Mud Mountain Dam: 1 No critical facilities shall be constructed or located; 2_ No new apartments, ·townhouses or commercial structures shall be constructed or located; 3. /\II new lots created by subdivision, short subdivision or binding site plan shall require building areas outside of the volcanic hazard area which shall be designated with building setback areas; and 4 New single detached residential construction on existing lots may be allowed if the applicant records v1ith the records and elections division the following notice on all title documents: "NOTICE" ''The structures on this property me located in an area which may be inundated by mudflows originating on Mount R8in!er. For further information rcgardin~J this hazard, please contact King County"; i::3. Within volcanic hazard areas located c:1long the White River downstream from Mud Mountain Dam and Green and Duwarnish Rivers: criticaf facilities shall be evaluated for risk of inundation or flooding resulting from mudflows originating on Mount Rainier. These structures shall be designed to withstand, without damage, the effects of mudfiows equal in magnitude to lhe prehistoric Electron Mudflow; and C. This section shall not become effective until King County has completed the required modeling and mapping of volcanic hazard areas. (Ord. 108/0 § 477, 1993) 21A.24_310 Steep slope hazard areas: Development standards and permitted alterations. A development proposal on a site containing a sleep slope hazard area shall meet the following requirements: A. A minimum buffer of fifty feet shall be established from the top, toe and along all sides of any slope forty percent or steeper. The buffer shall be extended as required to mitigate a landslide or erosion hazard or as otherwise necessary to protect lhe public health, safety and we~are. The buffer may be reduced to a minim urn of ten feet if. based on a special study, King County determines that the reduction will cJdequalely protect the proposed development and lhe sensitive area. The buffer may only be reduced to twenty-five feet in the case of erosion hazard areas. For single family residential building permits only, King County may waive the special study requirement and authorize butter reductions, pursuant to K.C.C. 21A.24.075 or if King County determines that the reduction will adequately protect the proposed development and the sensitive area; (King County 9-2004) ENVIRONMc_N TALLY SENSITIV!= /\RE/IS 21A.24.310 B. Unless otherwise provided herein or as part of an approved alteration, remove.ii of any vegetation from a sleep slope h,l?"rd area or buffer shall be prohibited, except for limited removal of vegetation necessary for survcyinq purposes and for the rernov,::1! of hazard trees determined to be unsafe according to tree selection rules promulgated pursuant to this c:hapter. Notice to King County shall be provided prior to any vegetation removal permitted by this subsection; C. Vegetation on steep slopes w1th'in stci?.p slope hazard areas or their buffers which has been damaged by human activity or infested by noxious weeds may be replaced with vegetation native to King County pursuant to a vegetation management plan approved by King County. The use of hazardous substances, pesticides and fertilizers in steep slopP. hr.1zard arP.r.1s and their buffers may be prohibited by King County; D. /\Iterations to steep slope hazard areas and buffers may be allowed only as follows: 1. Approved surface water conveyances. <Js specified in the Surface Water Design Manual, may be allowed on steep slopes if they are installed in r"1 manner to minimize disturbance to the slope and vegetation; 2. Public and private trails may be allowed on steep slopes as approved by the county. Under no circumstances shall trails be constructed of concrete, asphalt or other impervious surfaces which will contribute to surface water run-off, unless such construction is necessary for soil stabilization or soil erosion prevention or unless the trail system is specifically designed and intended to be accessible to handicapped persons. Additional requirements for trail construction may be set forth in administrative rules; 3. Utility corridors may be allowed on steep slopes if a special study shows that such alteration will not subject the area lo the risk of landslide or erosion; 4. Limited trimming and pruning of vegetation may be allowt~d on steep .slopes pursuant lo an approved veget.::ition management plan for the creation and rnainteric1r1ce of views ff the soils are not disturbed and the activity 1s subject to administrative rules; 5. Approved mining and quarrying activities may be aHowed; and 6. Stabili?ation of sites where erosion or landsliding threaten public or privc1te structures, utilities, roads, driveways or trails, or where erosion and landsliding threatens any lake, stream, wetland or shoreline. S\abiliLation work shall be performed in a manner which causes the least possible disturbance to the slope and its veqetative cover; and /. Reconstruction, remodeling or replacement of existing structures Reconstruction, remodeling, or replacement of an existing structure upon ;:mother portion of an existing lmpervious surface vvhich was estabflshed pursuant to King County laws ,md regulations may be allmved provided· a if within thP. buffer, 1he structure is located no closer to the steep slope than the existing ~>tructure, b. the existing impervious surface within the buffer or steep slope is not expanded as a result of the reconstruction or replacement. E_ Point discharges from surface water facilities onto or upstream from steep slope hazard areas that are also erosion hazard areas shall be prohibited except as follows: 1. Conveyed via continuous storm pipe downslope to a point where there are no erosion hazard areas downstream from the discharge; 2. Discharged at flow durations matching preceveloped conditions, with adequate energy dissipation, into existing channels that previously conveyed stormwater runoff in the predevelopment state; or 3. Dispersed discharge upslope of the steep slope onto a low-grndient undisturbed buffer demonstrated to be adequate to infiltrate all surface and stormwater runoff. F. The following are exempt from the provisions of this section: 1 . Slopes which are forty percent or steeper with a vertical elevation change of up to twenty feet if no adverse Impact will result from the exemption based on King County's review of and concurrence with a soils report prepared by a geologist or geotechnical engineer; and 2. The approved regrading of any slope which was created through previous legal grading activities Any slope which remains forty percent or steeper following site development shall be subject to all requirements for steep slopes. (Ord. 13190 § 21, 1998: Ord. 11621 § 77, 1994: Ord. 11273 § 5, 1994: Ord. 10870 § 478, 1993). (King County 9-2004) 21A-201 I, I '/1 <\ \ j/ 21 A.24.320 -21 /\ 24.330 ZONING 21A.24.320 Wetlands: Development standards. A development proposal on a site containing a wetland shall meet the following requirements: A The following minimum buffers shall be established from the wetland edge 1. A class 1 wetland shall ha/ea 100-foot buffer, 2. A class 2 wetland shall hi've a 50-foot buffer: 3. I\ class 3 wetland shall have a 25-foot buffer; 4. /\ny wetland restored/relocated, replaced or enhanced because of a wetland alteration shall have the minimum buffer required /Or the highest wetland class involved; and 5. Any wP.tland within 25 feet of the toe of 3 slope 30% or steeper, but less than 40%, shall have: a. the minimum buttEl required for the wetland class involved or a 25-foot buffer beyond the top of the slope. whichever is greater; If the l1orizontal length of the slope including small benches and terraces is vvithin the buffer for that wctlarv:l class; or b. 3 25-foot buffer beyond the minimum buffer required for the wetland class involved if the horlzontal length of the slope including small benches and terraces extends beyond the buffer for that wetland class; El. Eluffer width ayeraging may be allowed by King County if it will provide additional protection lo wetlands or enhance their functions, as long as the total area contained in the buffer on the development proposal site does not decrease; C. Increased btiffer widths shall be required by King County when necessary to protect wetlands. Provisions for additionaLibuffer widths shall be contained in adminislm!ive rules promulgated pursuant to this chapter including, but rlot limited to, provisions pertaining to critical drc1inage areas, location of hazardous substances, critical fish and wildlife habitat. landslide or erosion hazard areas contfquous to wetlands, groundwater recharge and discharge and the location of trail or utility corridors; U. The use of hazardous substances, pesticides and fertilizers in the wetland nnd its butter may be prohibited by King County; E Unless otherwise provided, the following restrictions shall apply to all developrm,nt proposals which include the introduction of livestock· 1. To prevent damage to class 1 and 2 wetlands: a. a plan 'to protect and enhance the wetland's water quality shall be implemented pursucmt to 21A30; or b. fencing located not closer than the buffer edge shall be required; and 2. Standard~ pertaining to access to streams for watering purposes, stream crossing requirements and use of natural barriers and vegetative buffering in lieu of fencing shall be included in administrative rules promulgated pursuant lo this chapter: F. The livestock restrictions contained in subsection E. shall not apply to wetlands defined as grazed wet meadows, regardless of their classification. (Ord 10870 § 479, 1993). 21A.24.330 Wetlands: Permitted alterations. Alterations to wetlands and buffers may be allowed pursuant to K.C.C. 21A24.0/5 or as follows: A Alterations rm,y be permitted if King County determines, based upon its review of special studies completed by qualified professronals, that: 1. The wetland does not serve any of the valuable functions of wetlands identified in K.C.C. 21A06.1415 including, but not limrted to. biologic and hydrologic functions; or 2. The proposed development will; a. protect, restore or enhance the wildlrfe habitat, natural drainage or other valuable functions of the wetland resulting in a net improvement to the functions of the wetland system; b. develop a plan for ils design, implementation, maintenance and monitoring prepared by a civil engineer and a qualified biologist; c. perform the restoration or enhancement under the direction of a qualified biologist; and d. will otherwise be consistent with the purposes of this chapter. (King County 9-2004) 21A-202 ENVIRONMENTALLY SENSITIVL AREAS 21A24.330 B. To establish the conditions in subsection A., detailed studies may be required as part of the special study on h;ihitat value, hydrology, erosion and deposition and/or water quality. Sud1 detailed studies shall include specific recommendations for mifi9ation which may be required as a condition of any development proposal approv,.11. The rccomrnendaJions may includ1;-;, but arc not , limited to, construction techniques or design. drainage or density specifications; / C If a wclland is in a fiood hazard area, the applicant shall notify affected comp1Gnitics and native 1ribes of proposed altera1ions prior to any alteration and submit evidence or such notification to tile Federal lns11rance Administration; D. There shall be no introduction of any plant or wildlife which is no! indige'nous to King County into any wetland or buffer unless authorized by a state or federal permit or approval;,, ' E. Utilities may be allowed in wetland buffers if: " 1. King County determines th;:it no practical alternative location is_,a·vailahle; and 7. The utility corridor meets any additional requirements set forih in administrative rules including, but riot timitRd to, requirements for installation, replacement of vegetation and maintenance: F. Sewer utility corridors may be a/lowed in wetland buffers_ only if: 1 The applicant demonstrates that sewer lines are necessary for gravity flow; 2. The corridor is not located in a wetland or buffer used by species listed as endangered or threatened by the state or federal government or containing critical or outstanding actual h8bitat for those species or heron rookeries or raptor nesting lrec-:s; 3. The corridor c1lignmenl including, but not li,rnlted to, any allowed maintenance roads follows a path beyond a distance equal to seventy-five of the buff P-r width from the wetland edge; 4. Corridor construction and maintenance protects the wetland and buffer and is aligned to avoid cutting trees greater than twelve inches in diameter at breast height, when posslble, and pesticides, herbicides and other hazardous substcmccs are not used; 5. An additior1al, contiguous and undisturbed buffer, equal in width to the prorosed corridor including any allowed maintenance roads, Is provided to protect the wetrand; 6. The corridor ls revegetated with appropriate vegetation native to King County at pre-construction densities or greater immediately upon completion of construction or as soon thereaftP.r as possible, and the sewer utf/ity ensures that such vegetation survives: 7. Any additional corridor access for maintenance is provided, to the extent possible, at specific points rather lhan by 8 parallel road; and 8. The width of any necessary parallel road providing access for maintenance is as small as possible, but not greater than fifteen feet, the road is maintained without the usP of herbicides, pesticides or other hazardous substances and the location of lhe road is contiouous to the utility corridor on the side away from the wetland; G. Joint use of cm approved sewer utility corridor by other utilities may be allowed. H. The following surface water management activities and facilities may be allowed in wetlands or their buffers only EJS follows: 1. Surface water discharge to a wetland from a flow control or water quality treatment facility, sediment pond or other surface water management activity or facility may be allowed ff the dischmge does not increase lhe rate of flow, change the plant composition in a forested wet12md or decrease !he water quality of lhe wetland: 2. A class 1, 2 or 3 wetland or buffer may be used for a regional retention/detention facility if: a. a publ,c agency and utility exception is granted pursuant to KC.C 21A.24.070; b. all refiuire~ents of the Surface Water Design Manual are met; c. th.fuse will not alter the rating or the faclors used in raling the wetland; d. the proposal is in compliance with the latest adopted findings of the Puget Sound Wetlands Research Project; and e. there are no significant adverse impacts to the wetland; (King County 9-2004) 21A-203 21A24.330 ZONING 3. Isolated class 3 wetlands ,md buffers which arc nrazed wet meadows may be used as a flow control facility 1f: a. presettlement pond or water quality treatment is requirer! prior to flow irito the wetland, and b. they are not part of, or immediately adficcnt to, an LSRI\, RSRA or a desiymited wildlife habitat corridor and al! requirements of the Surface \/Vr1ter ncsiqn Manual are met; and '1. Use of a \iVf)tland buffer for a surface water management activity or fc.icility, other than a flow control or water quality treatment facility, such as an energy dissipater and associated pipes, may be allowed only if tl1e applicant demonstrates, to the satisfaction of King County, that a. no practicable alternative exists; and b. the functions of the buffer or the v,1etland are not adversely affected; I. Public and private trails may be allowed in wetland buffers only upon adoption of administrative rules consistent with the following: 1. The trail surface shall not be made of impervious materials, except that public multi-purpose trails such as the Burke-Gilman Trail may be made of impervious materials if they meet all other requirements including w;iter quality; and 2. Buffers shall be expanded, where possible, equal to tt1e width of the trail corridor including disturbed areas; J. A dock, pier, moorage, fioat or launch facility may be allowed, subject to the provisions of K.C C Title 25, if: 1 The existing and zoned density around the wetland is three dwelling units per acre or more; 2. At least seventy-five percent of the tots around the wetland have been built upon and no significant buffer or wetland vegetation remains on tl1ese lots; and 3. Open water is a significant component of the wetland; K Alterations to isolated wetlands may be allowed only as follows: 1. On sites of less than t\.venty acres in size, one isolated welland may be altered by relocating its functions into a new wetland on the site pursuant to an approved mitigation plan; 2. On sites twenty acres or greater 1n size, up to three Isolated wetlands may be altered by combining their functions into one or more replacement wetlands on the site pursuant to an approved mitigation plan; and 3. VVhenever an isolated wetland is altered pursuant to this subsection, the replacement wetland shall include enhancement for wildlife habitat; L. One additional agricultural building or associated residence may be allowed within the wetland buffer on a grazed wet meadow if all hydrologic storage !s replaced on the site; M. Subject to a clearing and grading permit issued pursuant to KC.C chapter 16.82, the cutting of up to one cord of firewood may be permitted in buffers of five acres or larger in any year if the overall function of the buffer is not adversely affected. Removal of brush may also be permitted for the purpose of enhancing tree growth if the area of removal is limited to the diameter of the tree canopy at the time of planting; and N. Wetland road crossings may be allowed if: 1 King County determines that no alternative access is practical; 2. All crossings minimize impact to the wetland and provide mitigation for unavoidable impacts through restoration, enhancement or replacement of disturbed areas; 3. Crossin~s do not change the overall wetland hydrology; 4. Crossings do not diminish the fiood storage capacity of the wetland; and 5. All crossings are constructed during summer low water periods. 0. Reconstruction, remodeling, or replacement of existing structures. Reconstruction, remodeling, or replacement of an existing structure upon another portion of an existing impervious surface which was established pursuant to King County laws and regulations may be allowed provided: 1. If within the buffer, the structure is located no closer to the wetrand than the existing structure, 2. The existing impervious surface within the buffer or wetland is not expanded as a result of the reconstruction or replacement. (King County 9-2004) ENVIRONMENTALLY SENSITIVE AREAS 21A.24.330 -21/\.24.340 P. Wetland enl1ancemcnt or restoration not associated with any other development proposal may be allowed if accomplished according to a plan for its design, implementation, maintenance and monituriny prepared by a civil engineer and a qualified biologist and carried out under the direction of a qualified blotoyist. Restoration or er1ha11cement must result in a net improvement to the functions of the wetland system; and 0. A minor wetland restoration project for fish habitat enhancement may be aUowed if: 1. l he res1oration is sponsored by a public agency with a mandate to do such work; 2. The restoration is not associated with mitigation of a specific development proposal: :3. The restoralion is limited to revegetatron of wetlands and their btiffers and other specific fish and w1\Clife habitat improvemf.'nts that result in a net improvement to the functions of the wetland sys tern; 4. The restoration only involves the use of hand labor and light E-~quipment, or t11e use of helicopters and cranes which deliver supplie~ to the project site provided that they have no r;ontact with sensitive areas or lheir buffers: and 5. The restoration is performed under the direction of a qualified biologist. (Ord. 13190 § 22, 1998: Ord. 11621 § 78. 1994 Ord. 11273 § 6, 1994: Ord. 10870 § 480, 1993) 21A.24.340 Wetlands: mitigation requirements. A Restoration shall be required if a wetland or its buffer is altered in violation of law or without ;my specific permission or approval by King County. The following minimum requirements shall be met for the restoration of a wetland'. 1. The original wetland configuration shaH be replicated including its clerth, width, length and gradient at the original location; 2. r tie ori~31naf soil type and configuration shall be replicated; 3. T~1c wetland edge and buffer configuration shall be restored to its originJI condition; 4. Tile wetland, edge and buffer shall be replanted with veyetstio11 native to King County that replicates the orlg1nat vegetation 1n species, Sizes and densities; and 5. The oriqimil _wetland functions shal! be restored indudiny, but not limited to, hydrologic and biologic fur1ctions. 8. I he rcquircrnerits in subsection A. of this section rnay be modified if the applicant demonstrates that qreatcr wetland functions can otherwise be obtained. C. Replacement shall be required if a buffer is altered under an approved development proposal or a wetland is Lised for a reyiona! flow control facility or other approved use Ttie requirements for the restoration of 1Nctlarids shall be met by replacement wetlands. 0 Er1hancement may be allowed if a wetland or buffer wi\\ be altered under to a developmP.nt proposal, but the wetland's biologic and/or hydrologic functions will be improved. Minimum requirements for enhancement shall be established in administrative rules. E. All alterations of wetlands shall be replaced or enhanced on the site or within the same drainage basin using the following formulas: class 1 and 2 wetlands on a two-to-one basis and class 3 wetlands on a one-to-one basis with equivalent or greater biologic functions including, bul not limited to, habitat functions and with equivalent hydrologic functions including, but not limited to, storage capacity. F. Replacement or enhancement off the site may be allowed if the applicant demonstrates to the satisfaction of King County that the off-site location is in the same drainage sub-bas\n as the original wetland and that greater biologic and hydrologic functions will be achieved. The formulas in subsection E ol this section shall apply to replacement and enhancement off the site. G. Surface water management or flood control alterations including, but not limited to, wetponds shall not constitute replacement or enhancement unless other functions are simultaneously Improved_ H. Mitigation sites should be located to alleviate wildlife habitat fragmentatio11 and avoid impacts to and prevent loss of farmable land within agricultural production districts. (Ord. 14045 § 48, 2001. Ord. 13190§23.1998: Ord.11621 §79, 1994: Ord.10870§481, 1993). ; I], V .. ) (King County 9-2004) 21A--205 ,r\'0 21 A 24.345 · 21 A.24.360 ZONING 21A.24.345 Wetlands: mitigation banking. King County may consir:er and approve replacement or enhancement of unavoidable adverse impacts to wetlands caused by the development activities through an approved wetland mitigation bank. Wetland mitigation banking ts not allowed in the agricultural production districts if the purpose is to compensate for fiifing wetlands for development outside of the agricultural production district;;_ Compensatory mitigation 1n advance of authorized impr.tcts must be provided through an approved mitigation bank. Criteria governing the creation and use of a rnitrgation bank shall be established 1n administrcJtivc rules. A pilot project or projects, complete with evaluation should be initiated that would test the viability of 1he mitigation bank concept before to its full 1mple111entation ;Ord 14045 § 49, 2001: Ord. 11621 § 72, 1994 ). 21A.24.350 Wetlands: Limited exemption. Isolated wetlands less than 1000 square feet may be exempted from the provisions of K.C.C. 21A24.320 · 21A24.340 cJnd may be altered by filling or dredging 1f King County determines that the cumulative impacts do not unduly counteract the purposes of this chapter ,md are mitiyated pursuant to an approved mitigation plan. (Ord. 10870 § 482, 1993). 21A.24.360 Streams: Development standards. A development proposal on a site containing a ( .. ,stream shall m~et the followinq requirements: A The\following minimum butters shall be established from the ordinary high wotcr mark or from the lop of the bank if., the ordinary high water mark r:annot be identified 1. A class 1 stream shall have a 100 foot buffer; 2. A cl3r5s 2 stream used by salmonids shall have a 100-foot buffer: 3 A claSs 2 stream shall have a 50-foot buffer; 4. /\ class 3 stream shall have a 25-foot buffer, 5. ln the Bear Creek Basin, class 1 and 2 streams used by salmonids, shall have a 150-foot buffer; 6. In the 130-ar Creek Easin, a class 2 stream not used by salmonids, shall have a 100-foot buffer; 7. In the 8e,1r Creek Basin, a class 3 stream shall h,we a 50-foot buffer except in designated regionally significant ·resource are,1s where a c!ass 3 strenm shall have a 1 OD-foot buffer; 8. Any stream restored, relocated, replaced or enhanced because of a stream alteration shall have the minimum buffer required for the strerim class involved, 9_ Any slremn with an ordinary high water mark within 25 feet of the toe of a slope 30% or steeper, but less than 40%, shall have· a_ the minimum btJffcr required for the slream class involved or a 25-foot buffer beyond the top of the slope, whichever is greater, if the horizontal length of Hie slope including small benches and terraces is within the buffer for that s.tream class; or b. a 25-foot buffer beyond the minimum buffer required for the stre~_nn class Involved if the horizontal length of the slope including small benches and terraces extends beyond the buffer for that stream class; and 10. Any stream adjoined by a riparian wetland or other contiguous sensitive area shall have the buffer required for the stream class involved or the buffer which applies to the wetland or other sensitive area, whichever is greater; B. tluffer width averaging may be allowed by King County if it will provide additional natural resource protect1on, as long as the total area contained in the buffer on the development proposal site does not decrease; C. Increased buffer widths shall be required by King County when necessary to protect streams. Provisions for additional buffer widths shall be contained In administrative rules promulgated pursuant to this chapter including, but not limited to, critical drainage areas, location of hazardous substances, critical fish and wildlife habitat, landslide or erosion hazard areas contiguous to streams, groundwater recharge and discharge and the location of trail or utility corridors; D. The use of hazardous substances, pesticides and fertilizers in the stream corridor and its buffer may be prohibited by King County; and E:. Tlie livestock restrictions in K.C.C. 21A24.320 shall also apply to class 1 and 2 streams and their buffers except that barrier fencing shall not be required in the floodplain of the Snoqualmie River. (Ord 12015§4, 1995: Ord 10870§483, 1993). (King County 9-2004) 21A-206 ENVIRONMENT /\I LY SENSITIVE ARlcAS 21/\24.370 21/\.24.370 Streams: Pennitted alterations. Alterations to slreams and buffers may be allowed pursuant to K CC. 21 A.24 075 or as follows: A. Alterations mc1y only be permitted if based upon ;:i special study. B. The applicant shall notify affected communities anrl native tribes of proposed alterations prior to any a!tcratfon if a stream is in a flood ha7ard area and shr-111 submit evidence of such notification to the Federal Insurance Administration; C. There shall be no introduction of any plant or \1vildlifc which is nut indigenous to King County into any stream or buffer unless authorized by a state or federal permit or approval; 0. Utilities may be allowed in stream buffers if: 1. No practical alternative location ·1s available; 2. The utility corridor meets any additional requirements set forth in administratfv.e'rules including, hut not limited to, requirements for installation, replacement of vegetation and rnaintenanc,e; and 3. The rec,uirements for sewer utility corridors 111 K C.C. 21/\.24.330 shall also apply to streams; / 4. Joint use of an approved sewer utility corridor by other utilities may be allowed; E. The following surface water management activities and facilitate~ .. rnay be allowed in stream buffers as follows: 1. Surface waler discharge to a stream from a flow control or /ater quality treatment facility, sediment pond or other surface water management activity or fac1l1ty may1be allowed if the discharge is in corr,pliancc with the Surface Water Desl[Jn Manual; 1 2. A class 2 stream or buffer may be used for a regional storrm;ater managemP-n! facility if: a. a public aqency and utility exception is granted pursuant ty'K.C.C 21/\.24.070; b. all requirements of tt)e Surface Water Design Manual are met; c. the use will not alter the rating or the factors used in rat)hg the strP-am; d. there are no significant adverse impacts to the streon:i'. and 3. A class 3 strec1rn or buffer may be used as a regidn<1! stormwater man.1gement facility if the alteration will have no lasting adverse impact on any stream .a'nct all requirements of the Surface W8tcr Design Manual are met; , r. Except as provided in subsection G. public and Private trails may be allowed in stream buffers only upon adoption of administrative rules consistent with the/allowing: 1. The trail surface shc1II not be rnade of imperyious materials, except Iha! public multi-purpose trails such as the Burke-Gilman T mil nrny be rnacJe :bf impervious materials if they meet all other requirements Including water quality; and 2. Buffers shall be expanded, whew possible, equal to the width of the trail corridor including disturbed areas; / G. Stream crossings may be allovvcd and rnaY encroach on the othervvise required stream buffer if 1. All crossings use bridges or other conslruction techniques which do not disturb the stream bed or bank, except that bottomless culverts or other 3ppropriate methods demonstrated to provide fisheries protection may be used for class 2 or 3 streams ,I/the applicant demonstrates that such methods and their imµlernentation will pose no harm to the stream or./~hiblt migration of fish; 2. All crossing are constructed duri?t} the summer low flow and are Urned to avoid stream disturbance during periods when use is critical to;salmonids; 3. Crossings do not occur over saln;:rOnid spawning areas unless King County determines that no other possible crossing site exists; / 4. Bridge piers or abutments arc/not placed within the FEMA floodway or the ordinary high water mark; 5. Crossings do not diminish the flood-carrying capacity of the stream; 6. Underground utility crossings are laterally drilled and located at a depth of four feet below the maximum depth of scour for the base flood predicted by a civil engineer licensed by the state of Washington. Temporary bore pits to perform such crossings may be permitted within the stream buffer established in K.C.C 21/\.24.360. Crossing of Class 3 streams when dry may be made with open cuts; and 7 Crossings are minimized and serve multiple purposes and properties whenever possible; (King County 9-2004) 21/\-207 21A24.370 70NING H. Stream relocations may be allowed only for: 1. Class 2 streams as part of a public road proJect for which a public agency and utility exception is granted pursuant to K.C.C. 21A24.050; and 2. Class 3 streams for the purpose of enhancing resources 1n the stream if: a. appropriate floodplain protection mec1sures are used; and b. the relocation occurs on the site. except that relocation off the site may be allowed if the applicant demonstrates that any on-site relocation is Impracticable, the 3pplicant provides ;ill necessary easements and waivers from affected property owners and the off-srte location is in the s3rne drainage sub- basin as the original stream; L For any relocation allowed by this sec:tion, the applicant shall demonstrate, based on information provided by a civil engineer and a qualified biologist, that: 1.The equivalent base f!ood storage volume <1nd function will be maintained; 2. There wHI be no adverse Impact to ioca! groundwater; 3. There will be no increase in velocity; 4 There will be no interbasin transfer of waler; 5. There will be no increase in sediment load; 6 Requirements set out in the mitigation plan are met; 7 The relocation conforms to other applicable laws; and 8. J\11 work will be carried out under the direct supervision of a qualified biologist; J. A stream channel rnay be stabilized IL 1 _ Movement of the stream channel threatens exlstlng residenti,11 or commercial structures, public facilities or improvements, unique natuml resources or the only existing access to property; and 2. The stabilization is done in compliance with the requirements of K.C.C. 21A.24.230 through 21/124.270 ,md administrative rules promulgated pursuant to this chapter: K. S!rearn enhancement not associated with <.my other development proposal may be allowed if accomplished according to a p!an for its design, implementation, maintemmce and monitoring prepared by a civil engineer and a qualified biologist and carried out under the direction of a qualified biologist; L. A minor stream restoration project for fish habitat enhancement may be allowed If: 1. The restoration is sponsored by a public agency wiH1 a mandate to do such work; 2. The restoration is unassociated with mitigation of a specific development proposal; 3. The restoration is limited to placement of rock wiers, log controls, spawning gravel and other specific salmonid habitat Improvements; 4. The restoration only Involves the use of hand labor and light equipment; or the use of helicopters and cranes which deliver supplies to the project site provided that they have no contact with sensitive areas or their buffers, and 5. The restoration is performed under the direction of a qualified biologist; M. Roadside and agricultural drainage ditches which carry streams with salmonids may be maintained through the use of best management practices developed in consultation with relevant county, state and federal agencies. These practices shall be c::1dopted as admirnstrative rules; N. Subject to a clearing and grading permit issued pursuant to K.C C. 16.82, the cutting of up to one cord of firewood may be permitted in buffers of five acres or larger in any year if the overall function of the buffer is not adversely affected. Removal of brush may also be permitted for the purpose of enhancing tree growth if the area of removal is limited to the diameter of the tree canopy at the time of planting. 0. Reconstruction, remodeling, or replacement of existing structures. Reconstruction, remodeling, or replacement of an existing structure upon another portion of an existing impervious surface which was established pursuant to King County laws and regulations may be allowed provided; 1. If within the buffer, the structure is located no closer to the stream than the existing structure, 2. The existing impervious surface within the buffer or stream is not expanded as a result of the reconstruction or replacement. (Ord. 13190 § 24, 1998; Ord. 11621 § 80, 1994; Ord. 11273 § 7, 1994; Ord. 10870 § 484, 1993) (King County 9-2004) 21 A--208 ENVIRONMENTALLY SENSITIVE AREAS 21A.24.380 -21A.24420 21A.24.380 Streams: Mitigation requirements. A Restoration shall be required when a strenm or its buffer is altered in violc:ition of !aw or without any specific permission or approval by King County. A mitigation plan for the restoration shall demonstrate that 1 Tr,e stream has been degraded and 1Nil\ not be further degraded by the restoration activity; 2. The restoration will reliably and demonstrably ,mprove the water quality and fish and wildlife habitat of the stream; 3. The restoration will have no lasting significant adverse impact on any stream functions; and 4. The restoration will assist in stabilizin[J the stream channel B. The following minimum requirements shall be met for the restoration of a stream 1. All work shall be carried out under the direct supenvision of a qualified biologist; 2. Basin analysis shall be performed to determine hydrologic conditions; 3. The natural channel dimensions shall be replicated including its depth, width, length and gradient at the original location. and the original horizontal alignment (meander lengths) shall be replaced; 4. I he bottom shall be restored with identical or similar materials; 5. Ti1c bank and buffer configuration sh811 be restorP.d to its original conditior1; O_ The channel, bank ond buffer areas shall be reptanted 1.vith vegetation na1ive to King County which replicates the original veuet3tion in species, sizes and densities; and 7 _ The original biologic. functions of the stream shall be recreated. C. The requirements in subsection B. rnay be modified if the applicant demonstrates lo the satisfaction of King County that a greater biologic function can otherwise be obtained; D. Replacement or enhancement shall be required when a stream or buffer is altered pursuant to an approved development proposal. There shall be no net loss of stream functions on a development proposal site and no im,:}act on stream functions above or below the site due to approved alterations E. /he rf:quircrnents which apply lo the restoration of streams in subsection 8_ shall also apply to the relocation of streams, unless the applicant demonstrates to the satisf~iction of King County that a greater biologic function ccm be obtained by modifying these requirements. F. Rcplacen1ent or enhancement for approved stream alterc1tions shall be accomplished in streams and on the site unlPss the applicant demonstrates to the satisfaction of King County that: 1. Er1hanccrnent or mplacP,ment on the site i.s not possible; 2. The off-site location is in the same drainage sub-basin as the original stream; and 3. Greater biologic and hydrologic functions will be achieved G_ Suriace water management or flood control alterations shall not be considered enhancement /.:~.1 unless other functions are simultaneously improved. (Ord. 10870 § 48!::i, 1993). 21A.24.390 Sensitive areas mitigation fee -Creation of fund. There is hereby created a Sensitive Areas Mitigation Fund. This fund shall be administered by the King County Office of Finance. (Ord. 10870 § 486, 1993). 21A.24.400 Sensitive areas mitigation fee -Source of funds. Al! monies received from penalties resulting from the violation of rules and laws regulating development and activities within sensitive areas shcill be deposited into the fund. (Ord. 10870 § 487, 1993). 21A.24.410 Sensitive areas mitigation fee -Use of funds. Monies from the fund sl1all only be used for paying the cost of enforcing and implementing sensitive area laws and rules. (Ord. 10870 § 488, 1993). 21A.24.420 Sensitive areas mitigation fee -Investment of funds. Monies in the fund not needed for immediate expenditure shall be deposited in a separate investment fund pursuant to RCW 36.29.020 The director shall be designated as the investment fund director. (Ord. 10870 § 489, 1993) (Kin<:) County 9-2004) ,, 21A.24 500 70NING 21A.24.500 Sensitive area designation. A.1. A property owner or the property owner's agent m;::iy request a sensitive area designation for part or all of a site, without seeking a permit for a development proposal. by filinq with the departrmmt a written application for a sensitivP-area rlesignation on a form provided by the department If the request is for review of a portion of a site, the application shall include a map identifying the portion of the site for which the designation is sought 2. The designation shall be limited to the following determinations: a. The existence, location, ~md boundaries of any stream, wetland, coal mine hazard area, landslide hazard area or steep slope on the site; and b. The cl;issifiec1tion of r1ny stream or wetland. 3. The designation shall not include any evaluation or interpretation of the applicability of sensitive area butters or other sensitive areu standards to a future development proposal. B. In preparing the sensilive area designation, the department shall perform a sensitive area review to: 1. Determine whether any sensitive area that is subject to this designation process exists on the site and confirm its type, location, boundaries and classification; 2. Determine whether a special study is required to identify and characterize the location. boundaries and classification of the sensitive area; 3. Evaluate the special study. if required; and 4. Document the existence, location and classification of any sensitive area that is subject to this designation process C. If required by the department, the applicant for a sensitive area designation shall prepare and submit to the department the special study required by subsection B.2. of this section. D. The department's deterniination of a sensitive area designation shall be made in writing within one hundred N/enty days after !he application for a sensitive area designation js complete, as provided in K.C.C. 20.20.050 The periods set forth in K.C.C. 20.20.100A.1 through A.5 shall be excluded from the one- hundred-hventy-day period. The written determination made pursuant to this section as to the existence, location, and classlflcation of a sensitive area shall be effectlve for hrvo years from the date the determination is issued. The department shall rely on the determination in its review of a complete application for a permit or approval filed within two ye8rs after the determination is issued. lf the determination applies to less than an entire site. the determination shall clearly identify the portion of the site to which the determination applies. E. The applicant for a sensitive area designation shall be responsible for fees as provided in K.C.C litle27. F. If the department designates sensitive areas on a site pursuant to this section, the applicant for a dcvc!opmcnt proposal on that site shall submit proof that a sensitive area notice on title has been filed as required by K.C.C. 21A.24.170. G. The department by rule may provide for the designation of other sensitive areas identified by this chapter as established by council ordinance in addition to those provided for in this section. H.1. Except as provided in 2. of this subsection. the department's determination under this section is final. 2. If the department relies on a sensitive area designation made pursuant to this section during its review of an application for a permit or other approval of a development proposal and the permit or other approval is subject to an administrative appeal, any appeal of the designation shall be consolidated with and is subject to the same appeal process as the underlying development proposal. If the King County hearing examiner makes the county's final decision with regard to the permit or other approval type for the underlying development proposal, the hearing examiner's decision constitutes the county's final decision on the designation. If the King County council, acting as a quasi-judicial body, makes the county's final decision with regard to the permit or other approval type for the underlying development proposal, the King County council's decision constitutes the county's final decision on the designation. (Ord. 14187 § 1, 7001) (King County 9-2004) 21A-210 ENVIRONMENTALLY SENSITIVE /\REAS 21/\.24.510 21A.24.510 Effect of approval of septic system design based on sensitive area designation. If the department of Seattle-King County public health approves a septic system design based on a sensitive area designation made pursuant to K.C.C. 21A24.500 and the applicant submits a complete application to the department of development and environmental services within two years after the date the department of development and enviror11nental service issues the sensitive area designation under K.C.C. 21A24.500, the standards of this chapter 1n effect at the time of the department of Seattle- King County public health's approval of the septic system design shall apply to the department of development and environmental sen;ices's dcterrn1nation of whether the septic system design complies with the provisions of this chapter for those sensitive areas for which a sensitive area designation has been issued. (Ord. 14187 § 2, 2001). (King County 9-2004) 211\-211 GENERAL Sections: 27A10005 27A10010 27A10 020 27A10030 27A10040 27A10050 Title established. Purpose. Provisions. i\pplicabilily. Rules. Severability. Chapter 27A.10 GENERAL 27A.10005-27A 10050 27A.10.005 Title established. Thero is hereby created a new title in the King Counly Code entitled Financial Guarantees. (Ord. 12020 § 1, 1995 ). 27A.10.010 Purpose. The purpose of this title is to establisl1 authority and procedures for accepting and enforcing financial guarantees. with the intent of assuring that development projects are completed and maintained in accordance with county approval conditions. (Ord. 12020 § 2, 1995). 27 A.10.020 Provisions. This chapter sets forth provisions general to the administration of financial guarantees and includes: applicability. default, financial guarantee conditions. financial guarantees-form and amount, performance guarantee reductions. release of financial guarantees, scheduling of performance, maintenance and defects inspections, financial guarantee waivers. and status of current financial guarantees (Ord. 12020 § 9, 1995). \(C.C 2.7A8 27A.10.030 Applicability. The provisions of this title shall apply to permits and approvals granted fi...-..ClAl.. pursuant to Titles 9, 14, 16. 19. or 21A (or their successors) of the King County Code. (Ord. 12020 § 10. c..v\>·<"•,: oe5. 1995). 27A.10.040 Rules. The department is authorized to adopt, pursuant to K.C.C. 2.98, such rules as are deemed appropriate to implement this title. The director may prepare and require the use of such forms as are deemed appropriate for its administration. (Ord. 12020 § 31, 1995). 27 A.10.050 Severability. Should any chapter. section, subsection, paragraph, sentence, clause or ~ phrase of this title be declared unconstitutional or invalid for any reason. such decision shall not affect the validity of the remaining portion of this title. (Ord. 12020 § 57, 1995). C!.of>J (King County 12-95) 27A-3 27A20.010 -27A20 060 Sections: 27A 20.010 27A20.020 27A.20.030 27A20.040 27A20.050 27A20 060 Applicant. Default. Department Director. Financial guarantee. Guarantor Chapter 27 A.20 DEFINITIONS FINANCIAL GUARANTEES 27A.20.010 Applicant. "Applicant" means the person or entity who is required to post the financial guarantee. (Ord. 12020 § 3. 1995). 27 A.20.020 Default. "Default" means the failure to: A. comply with financial guarantee conditions: B. complete. in the specified time. the required improvements in accordance with the King County Code and with approved pro1ect plans and cond1tior1s; or C. maintain, for the specified period of time, the required improvements in accordance with the King County Code and with approved project plans and conditions. (Ord 12020 § 4. 1995). 27 A.20.030 Department "Department" means the King County department of development and environmental services or its successor organization. (Ord. 12020 § 5, 1995 ). 27A.20.040 Director. "Director" means the director of the King County department of development and environmental services or his/her designee. (Ord. 12020 § 6, 1995). 27 A.20.050 Financial guarantee. "Financial guarantee" means a form of financial security posted to ensure timely and proper completion of improvements, to ensure compliance with the King County Code, and/or to warranty materials, workmanship of improvements, and design. Financial guarantees include assignments of funds. cash deposits. surety bonds, and/or other forms of financial security acceptable to the director. For the purposes of this title, the terms performance guarantee, maintenance guarantee and defect guarantee are considered sub-categories of financial guarantee. (Ord. 12020 § 7, 1995). 27 A.20.060 Guarantor. "Guarantor" means a bank or other acceptable entity which issues the financial guarantee. (Ord. 12020 § 8, 1995). King County 12-95) 27A-4 ADMINISTRATION Sections: 27 A.30.010 27A30.020 27A30030 27A30 040 27A30.050 27A30 060 27A.30.070 27A30.080 27A30 090 27A.30.100 Chapter 27 A.30 ADMINISTRATION Financial guarantee conditions. Financial guarantees-form and amount. Performance guarantee reductions. Release of financial guarantees. Scheduling of final performance, maintenance, and defect inspections. Financial guarantee waivers. Status of current financial guarantees Performance guarantees authorized. Maintenance and defect guarantees authorized Default. 27 A30.010 -27 A30 030 27A.30.010 Financial guarantee conditions. A Every financial guarantee shall obligate the applicant to comply with all of the provisions of the King County Code and complete all conditions required by the permit or approval within the time limit specified. B. The county may collect against the financial guarantee when work is not completed in a timely manner in accordance with conditions of the permit and/or approval granted pursuant lo Titles 9. 14, 16. 19, or 21A (or their successors). It is in the director's sole reasonable discretion to determine whether the permit or approval conditions have been satisfied in a timely manner. and to determine whether the performance guarantee shall be collected to remedy the violation. The director shall notify the applicant in writing of any such determination. (Ord. 12020 § 12, 1995). 27 A.30.020 Financial guarantees-form and amount. Financial guarantees shall be in a form approved by the director. in consultation with the department of natural resources and parks. department of transportation, the prosecuting attorney's office. and other affected agencies. The amounts of the financial guarantees shall be based on the schedules appropriate to the required work which are updated on a periodic and frequent basis to ensure that the amount fully captures likely costs. Financial guarantees shall also require a contingency in an amount to be determined by the director. (Ord. 14199 § 249, 2001: Ord. 12020 § 13, 1995) 27A.30.030 Performance guarantee reductions. The director may allow reductions in performance guarantee amounts in accordance with the county's cost estimate of the work remaining to be completed. No more than one reduction will be allowed except that two reductions may be allowed at the director's discretion for phased subdivisions. The reduction shall not exceed 70% of the initial guarantee value including contingency. The request for reduction shall be in writing, accompanied by a schedule for completion of remaining work. (Ord. 12020 § 14. 1995) (King County 12-2001) 27A-5 27A30 040 · 27A.30.080 FINANCIAL GUARANTEES 27 A.30.040 Release of financial guarantees. The department shall not release performance guarantees until all permit fees have been paid to date; maintenance guarantees and defect guarantees have been posted. if applicable: inspection of the development site has been performed; and the director has determined :hat the conditions and requirements of the permit/approval otherwise specified in tl1e financial guarantee have been met and granted final construction approval if applicable. (Ord. 12020 § 15, 1995) 27 A.30.050 Scheduling of final performance. maintenance, and defect inspections. The department shall be responsible for scheduling final performance. and maintenance and defects inspections. The department should schedule such inspections approximately forty-five days prior to expiration of the performance or maintenance period. If necessary to determine completion of performance, additional inspections should also be made after the expiration of the performance period. Periodic inspections may also be made at the discretion of the director of the deparlment of development and environmental services, the director of the department of natural resources and parks or the director of the department of transportation (Ord. 14199 § 250, 2001 Ord. 12020 § 16, 1995). 27 A30.060 Financial guarantee waivers. Consistent with chapter 36.32 RCW, King County shall not require any state agency, unit of local government. or gas company or electrical company (as those terms are defined in RCW 80 04 01 O) to secure the performance of a permit requirement with a financial guarantee as a condition of issuing a permit or approval for a building construction project. The director, however, may require such state agency or unit of local government, gas company or electric company to sign an agreement to complete required improvements and protect the County's rights and duty to remedy unsatisfactory performance. (Ord. 12020 § 17, 1995). 27 A.30.070 Status of current financial guarantees. All financial guarantees required by the department and posted by the applicant prior to the effective date of this ordinance shall continue to be in force until released by the director following satisfactory compliance with financial guarantee conditions. (Ord 12020 § 18. 1995). 27 A.30.080 Performance guarantees authorized, A The department is authorized to require all applicants constructing improvements pursuant to any permits and approvals granted pursuanl to Titles 9, 14, 16. 19. or 21A (or their successors) of the King County Code to post performance guarantees with the director to guarantee completion of required improvements and compliance with the King County Code. B If more than one such guarantee is required, the applicant may. with the permission of the director, and to the extent allowable by law, combine guarantees provided, that at no time shall the guaranteed amount be less than the total amount which would have been required in the form of separate financial guarantees; and provided further, that such guarantee shall on its face clearly delineate those separate additional financial guarantees which it is intended in lieu of. 27A-6 ADMINISTRATION 27 A.30.080 -27 A.30.100 C Unless otherwise specifically indicated in the King County Code. performance guarantees shall require actual construction and installation of required improvements within two years after recording for final subdivision. tvvo years after recording for short subdivision. one year after right-of-way permit issuance or six months after temporary building occupancy issued for a building permit The time limit for performance guarantee compliance may be extended by six rnonths at the director's discretion, if circumstances beyond the control of the applicant warrant an extension. The request for an extension shall be in writing. accompanied by a schedule for completion of remaining work. (Ord 12020 § 19, 1995). 27A.30.090 Maintenance and defect guarantees authorized. A The department is authorized to require all applicants to post a maintenance guarantee and/or defect guarantee warranting the successful operation and maintenance of improvements. and guaranteeing the workmanship, materials. and design used in construction of improvements required by the conditions of any permits or approvals issued pursuant to titles 9, 14, 16. 19. or 21A; (or their successors) and assuring compliance with the King County Code. B. Unless otherwise specifically indicated in the King County Code, all maintenance guarantees and defect guarantees shall guarantee successful operation, workmanship, materials, and design of required facilities for a period or two years following final inspection and approval of improvements. C Inspections of facilities required pursuant to Titles 9, 14. 16. 19, or 21A (or their successors) should be scheduled by the appropriate department approximately forty-five days prior to the end of the two year maintenance and/or defect period. (Ord. 12020 § 20, 1995) 27 A.30.100 Default. A Determination of default shall be made by the department after an inspection has indicated that improvements need to be corrected or completed. In the event of failure to comply with any of the conditions and terms of the permits and/or approvals covered by this title, the director shall notify the applicant and guarantor in writing of the default. If satisfactory assurance is not received by the department within a time period determined by the director, that conditions will be appropriately corrected, the department may: 1. order the applicant to perform all necessary corrective work. and/or 2. demand payment on the financial guarantee(sj. Nothing in this title shall limit the ability of King County to enforce or otherwise compel compliance with conditions of any county permit or approval in accordance with any enforcement provision set forth in Title 23 of the King County Code. B. The guarantor shall be responsible. up to the limits of the financial guarantee. for the payment of any and all necessary costs and expenses that have been or will be incurred or expended by King Counly in causing any and all such required work to be done. In the event that total costs associated with the required work exceed the guarantee amount the applicant shall remain responsible to King County for the payment of any remaining amount C In the event of default, King County may contract with a third party to complete work required pursuant to this title. (Ord. 12020 § 11. 1995i. (King County 6-98) 27A-8 27A.40.010 -27A40 030 Sections: 27A40.010 27A.40.020 27A40.030 27A40.040 27A40 050 27A40.060 27A40.070 27A.40.080 27A.40.090 27 A.40.100 General. Drainage improvements. Chapter 27 A.40 REQUIREMENTS Restoration and reclamation activities. Rights-of-way. Site development and restoration. Subdivisions. Landscaping Sensitive areas. Section 309 financial guarantees. Moved and temporary buildings. FINANCIAL GUARANTEES 27A.40.010 General. The following provisions set forth special financial guarantee requirements for certain improvements required pursuant to Titles 9, 14, 16, 19 or 21A (or their successors) of the King County Code. (Ord. 12020 § 21, 1995). 27A.40.020 Drainage improvements. Financial guarantees for drainage improvements pursuant to K.C.C. Title 9 shall be sufficient to cover the time and cost of any: A. Monitoring required by approved plans and conditions; B. Department review of monitoring results and reports: and C. Corrective work on or off the project site which is necessary to provide drainage control consistent with approved plans and conditions, stabilize and restore disturbed areas and remove sources of any hazard associated with work which is in progress but is not completed. (Ord. 13189 § 8, 1998: Ord. 12020 § 22, 1995) 27 A.40.030 Restoration and reclamation activities. A. Financial guarantees for restoration and reclamation activities required pursuant to Title 16 and Title 21 A shall be sufficient to cover the cost of conformance with conditions of the permit, including corrective work necessary to provide drainage consistent with approved plans and conditions, to remove geologic hazards, and to protect water quality and the public health, safety, and welfare. The financial guarantee may be reduced proportionately for phased projects as work is complete and subsequent reclamation and/or restoration on each phase is completed. The request for reduction shall be in writing. B. Financial guarantees may be waived on: 1. ProJects of less than one thousand cubic yards, 2. King County department projects, and 3. Reclamation projects with financial guarantees posted with the state of Washington Department of Natural Resources or with the federal office of surface mining. C A cash guarantee shall accompany the operating permit and may be used after proper notice at the discretion of the director to correct deficiencies affecting public health, safety and welfare. including effects on water quality. The amount of the cash guarantee shall be determined by the director, and shall be maintained at the full value established by the director at all times during the life of the permit (Ord. 12020 § 23, 1995) (King County 6-98) 27A-9 REQUIREMENTS 27A40 040 -27A.40.060 27A.40.040 Rights-of-way. Financial guarantees for any right-of way improvement required pursuant to Title 14 shall be sufficient to cover the cost of restoring the right-of-way to original condition or complying with conditions of any permit or approval, including corrective work necessary to provide drainage consistent with approved plans and conditions. and to protect the public health. safety and welfare. (Ord. 12020 § 24, 1995). 27 A.40.050 Site development and restoration. A. Financial guarantees for any improvement required pursuant to Titles 16, 19, or 21A (or their successors) shall be sufficient to cover the cost of complying with conditions of the permit or approval. including corrective work necessary to provide drainage consistent with approved plans and conditions, to remove geologic hazards. and to protect water quality and the public health, safety, and welfare. Such financial guarantees shall include site restoration and stabilization requirements. B. No temporary certificate of occupancy shall be issued until: 1 Drainage facility improvements are functional: 2. Required parking is provided: and 3 Safe access is provided. C. The director rnay allow a performance guarantee to be posted for some or all of the improvements required by subsection B of this section 1f no life safety hazard exists. The request shall be rnade in writing, accompanied by a schedule for completion of required improvements. (Ord. 12020 § 25. 1995). 27A.40.060 Subdivisions. A. Pursuant to RCW 58.17. 130. an applicant rnay request recording of a subdivision prior to the completion of the construction of required improvements subject to the posting of a performance financial guarantee. Performance guarantees for subdivisions which record prior to completing all improvements shall be subject to the following requirements: 1. A performance guarantee shall be posted with the department in an amount equal lo the director's estimate for such improvements as assurance that the applicant will, within two years from the date of recording of the final subdivision, complete the improvements in accordance with the requirements and to the satisfaction of the development engineer (as defined in Title 19 or its successor): 2. Requests for performance guarantees shall be in writing. shall be correlated with the original terms and conditions of preliminary approval, and shall be accompanied by a detailed schedule for completion of the improvements and conditions, 3. Performance guarantees for improvements required pursuant to Title 19 ( or its successor) shall be sufficient to cover the cost of conformance with conditions of the preliminary approval and approved construction plans, including corrective work necessary to protect the public health, safety, and welfare. 4. Maintenance guarantees and defect guarantee shall be posted with the director: a. prior to final construction approval and recording of the final plat when the applicant has constructed improvements in accordance with the approval of the director and the development engineer. or b. prior to final construction approval and the release of performance guarantees vvhen lhe applicant has previously recorded the plat. 5. Maintenance guarantees and defect guarantees shall be released following a final maintenance and defect inspection and, if applicable, acceptance of the facilities for county maintenance. (Ord 12020 § 26. 1995) (King County 6-98) 27A-10 27 A.40 070 -27 A40.100 FINANCIAL GUARANTEES 27 A.40.070 Landscaping. A. Prior to receiving a temporary or permanent occupancy certificate for any building or structure for which Title 21 A requires landscaping. an applicant shall provide the required performance guarantee to secure the completion and improvement of required landscaping, in accordance with approved site plan, within three months following issuance of the building or buildings temporary or permanent occupancy certificate. whichever comes first. B Performance guarantees for landscaping required pursuant to K.C.C. 21A.16 shall be sufficient to cover the cost of conformance with conditions of the permit, and shall be required for a period of two years after the planting or transplanting of vegetation to insure proper installation. establishment and maintenance. This time period may be extended by one year by the director, if necessary to cover a planting and growing season C. The director rnay extend the time limit for compliance with the above landscaping requirement up to one year after issuance of the occupancy certificate if circumstances beyond the control of the applicant warrant an extension. The request for an extension shall be in writing, accompanied by a schedule for completion of remaining work. (Ord. 12020 § 27, 1995). 27A.40.080 Sensitive areas. A. Financial guarantees for mitigation required pursuant to K.C.C. chapter 21A.24 shall be sufficient to guarantee that all required mitigation measures will be completed no later than tl1e time established by King County in accordance with K.C.C. chapter 21A.24. B. Performance and maintenance guarantees shall also be required for restoration of a sensitive area or buffer not performed as part of a mitigation or maintenance plan except that no financial guarantee shall be required for minor stream restoration carried out pursuant to K.C.C. chapter 21A.24. C. For maintenance guarantees associated with mitigation, corrective work, restoration or enhancement, the financial guarantee shall be sufficient to cover the time and cost to guarantee satisfactory workmanship, materials and performance of structures and improvements required by K.C.C. chapter 21A.24 and any n10nitoring of lhose structures and improvements required by approved plans and conditions. D. Public development proposals shall be relieved from having to comply with the provisions of this section if public funds have previously been committed for mitigation, maintenance. monitoring or restoration. (Ord. 13189 § 9, 1998: Ord. 12020 § 28. 1995). 27A.40.090 Section 309 financial guarantees. Financial guarantees required pursuant to Section 309 of the King County modifications to the current Uniform Building Code shall be in the form of cash deposited with the director. assignment of funds approved by the director, or in an irrevocable escrow in an amount sufficient to restore the building and site. and to perform corrective work required by Title 16 of the King County Code. (Ord. 12020 § 29. 1995). 27A.40.100 Moved and temporary buildings. Financial guarantees required wi\11 respect to moved or temporary buildings pursuant to Section 104 (e) of the King County modifications to the current Uniform Building Code shall be in the form of cash deposited with the director. assignment of funds approved by the director, or in an approved irrevocable escrow in a sufficient amount to be determined by the director. (Ord. 12020 § 30, 1995) (King County 6-98) 27A-11 IYl'' ~~~~~i if K~w~G cour~irv r~{ ro 0o\ [)\\ 011"' ~\\ ff\\, n ~I ® ra D ccs:i U\\\VIJ=\\ JJ ~ u ~u~lYnuDI~/~~ 1~9)8 LOUIS J. HAFF, P.E. County Road Engineer King County Department of Public Works 1. OJ 1. 02 1. 03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 1 . 11 2.01 2.02 2.03 2.04 2.05 2.06 2.07 2.08 2.09 2.10 2 .11 2 .12 2.13 2.14 2.15 2.16 2.17 2.18 2.19 KING COUNTY ROAD STANDARDS 1993 TABLE OF CONTENTS PURPOSE CHAPTER 1. GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS Shortened Designation Applicability Responsibility to Provide Roadway Improvements General References WSDOT/APWA Documents as Primary Design and Construction References Other Specifications Road Plans Variances Penalties and Financial Guarantees Meaning of Terms Severa bi Ii ty Road Classifications Arterial Roads Residential Access Streets Commercial Access Streets CHAPTER 2. ROAD TYPES & GEOMETRICS Horizontal Curvature and Sight Distance Design Values Private Streets Half Streets Cul-de-sacs and Eyebrows Alleys and Private Access Tracts Intersections and Low Speed Curves Maximum Grade and Grade Transitions Stopping Sight Distance Entering Sight Distance Medi ans One-Way Streets Bus Zones and Turn-Outs Exception to Paving on Rural Minor Access Streets (Residential) Intersections with State or Federal Highways Slope, Wall, & Drainage Easements and Right-of-way Reduction 2 2 2 3 4 4 4 5 6 6 B 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 21 21 22 TABLE CF CQ\rTENTS (Continued) 2.20 Access and Circulation Requirements 2.21 Exception for Maximum Dwelling Units on Urban Subcol lectors 3.01 3.02 3.03 3.04 3.05 3.06 3.07 3.08 3.09 3.10 3 .11 4 01 4 02 4.03 4 04 4.05 5.01 5.02 5.03 5.04 5.05 5.06 5.07 5.08 5.09 5. JO 5. 11 CHAPTER 3. DRI\/E\11/AYS W/11..KS, & TRAILS Driveways Concrete Sidewalks Curbs. Gutters and Sidewalks Expansion and Durnnf Joints Curb Ramps Concrete Steps, Metal Handrail and Handicapped Access Ramps Asphalt Shoulders Separated Walkways, Bikeways and Trails School Access Bikeways Equestrian Facilities CHAPTER 4. SURFACING Residential Streets, Pedestrian and Bike Requirements for Residential Streets on Poor Subgrade Arterials and Commercial Access Streets Materials&. Lay-Down Procedures Pavement Markings, Markers, and Pavement Tapers Rock Facings Side Slopes Street Trees & Landscaping Mail Boxes Street Illumination Survey Monuments Roadway Barricades Bollards Guardrai 1/Embankment Heights Off-Street Parking Spaces Roadside Obstacles CHAPTER 5. ROADSIDE FEATURES 22 23 24 26 27 27 28 28 28 29 29 29 30 32 34 34 34 35 37 39 39 39 41 41 41 42 42 42 42 TABLE CF CONTENTS (Continued) CHAPTER 6. BRIDGES 6 01 Principal References 6 02 Bridge Geometrics 6.03 Bridge Design Criteria 6.04 Special Permits CHAPTER 7. DRAINAGE 7.01 General 7 02 Road Ditches 7.03 Storm Sewers and Culverts 7 04 Catch Basins and Junctions 7.05 Frames, Grates, and Covers 7.06 Erosion Control 7.07 Trenches CHAPTER 8. UTILITIES 8.01 Franchising Policy and Permit Procedure 8.02 Standard Utility Locations Within the Right-of-way 8.03 Underground Utility Installation 8.04 Final U ti Ii ty Adjustment (To Finish Grade) 8.05 Final Cleanup, Restoration of Surface Drainage and Erosion Control CHAPTER 9. CONSTRUCTION CONTROL AND INSPECTION 9.01 Basis for Control of the Work 9.02 Subdivision, Commercial and Right-Of-Way Land Use Inspection 9.03 Penalties for Failure to Notify for Land Use Inspection 9.04 Embankment Construction Control in Developments 9.05 Traffic Control in Development Construction 906 County Forces and County Contract Road Inspection 9.07 Call Before You Dig i i i 44 44 44 45 46 46 47 48 49 50 50 51 51 54 57 58 59 59 60 61 61 62 62 TABLE CF ruJTENTS (Continued) SECTION 1-0 0 0 fU\[)/\1\y D rawi nq Number 1-001 1-002 1-003 1-004 1-005 1-006 1-007 1-008 1-009 1-010 1-011 SECTION 2-000 DRAINAGE Drawing Number 2-001 2-002 2-003 2-004 2-005 2-006 2-007 2-008 2-009 2-010 2-011 2-012 2-013 2-014 2-015 2-016 2-017 2-018 DRAWINGS Drawing Title Shoulder Type Roadway Vertical Curb Type Roadway Rolled Curb Type Roadway Gravel Surface Roadway Thickened Edge Roadway Extruded Curb Roadway Cul -de-Sacs Temporary Cul-de-Sac Eyebrow Half Street Alley Pavement Detai 1 Drawing Title Beveled End Pipe Section Field Tapping of Concrete Pipe Catch Basin Type 1 Catch Basin Type 1-L Catch Basin Type 2 -48", 52", 60", 72" & 96" Catch Basin Details Manhole Type 1 -48", 52" & 60" Manhole Type 2 -72" & 96" Manhole Type 3 -48", 52", 60", 72" & 96" Manhole Type 4 Manhole Dela i 1 s Curb Inlet Standard Grate Standard Frame with Vertical Curb Installation Solid Cover Through-curb Inlet Frame Through-curb Inlet Frame and Grate with Vertical Curb Installation Vaned Grate iv 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued) Drawing Number 2-019 2-020 2-021 2-022 2-023 2-024 2-025 2-026 2-027 2-028 Drawing Title Rolled Curb Frame and Grate Rolled Curb Frame and Grate Installation Rolled Curb Vaned Grate Locking Manhole Cover Locking M3nhole Frame Rock-line~ Shoulder Ditches & Curbed or Turnpike Shou 1ders Flo~ Restrictor/Oil Pollution Control Device, Tee T~p, (FROP T) FROP-T Shear Gate Detail Flow Restrictor/Oil Pollution Control Device, 33Tfle Type (FROP-B) Debris Cage SECTION 3-000 CURB & DRIVEWAY Drawing Number 3-001 3-002 3-003 3-004 3-005 3-006 3-007 Drawing Title Curb and Sidewalk Joints Curb Details Shoulder and Ditch Section Driveway Curb and Gutter Section Driveway Reverse Slope Driveway Location and Width of New Driveways Joint Use Driveway Tract SECTION 4~000 SIDEWALKS & CURB RAMPS Drawing Number 4-001 4-002 4-003 4-004 Drawing Title Curb Ram~ Locations Curb Ram~s in Vertical Curb Curb Ram~s in Rolled Curb Cement Concrete Sidewalk Transition to Asphalt Shoulder SECTION 5-000 ROADSIDE APPURTENANCES Drawing Number 5-001 5-002 5-003 5-004 Drawing Title Clearance of Roadside Obstacles on Shoulder Type Road Intersectlom Landing Barricades Rock Facing, Cut Section 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 !OJ 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 TABLE CF CO\fTENTS (Continued) Drawi nq Number 5-005 5-006 5-007 5-008 5-009 5-010 5-011 5-012 5-013 5-014 5-015 Drawing Title Rock Facing, Fi 11 Section Rock Facing Under Sidewalk Rock Facing, Fi 11 Section Reinforcement Concrete Steps and Metal Handrail Street Tree Standards Mailbox Mounting, Curb Type Location Mailbox Mounting, Shoulder Type Location Neighborhood Delivery & Collection Box Unit (N.D.C.B.U.) Mailbox Installation Bollards Roadway Survey Monument with Case and Cover Off-Roadway Survey Monument vi 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 INTRODUCED av: onuc£ LAING PROPOS[O NO: ~931..c·.!'.6a,l8L_ __ ORD IffANC( HO. 11187 AN OROIIIANC[ approving ar.d adopting the 'Kir.g County Road Standards', :993 update, as the s~andards for road design b King County, aoer.c.lng Ordi:iance No. 8041, Sections 4 and 6, a:id K.C.C. :4.42.C30 anci. 14.42.C50, and repeali:ig and replacing Ord::.=iance No. 8041, Sec:'..ons 2 ar.d IC and K.C.C. :!.4 42.ClC and :4.42.090. PREAHBLE; The King County Road Standards were last adc·pted ir. thetr entirety :Oy King Co1.:nty Ord::.nance 8C41 dated April 27, 1987. The proposed new publicatior. "King Co1.:nty Road Standards" updates t:1e :937 docume:it. These s:andards update, clarify and correct portior.s ~f t:1e previous road standards. T:Jese changes are In:en:ied to support and be part of tl'.e cour.ty's goals regarding growt:l rr.anagernent, housing and sensitive areas. BE :T ORDAINED BY TH( COUNCIL OF KlNG COLlHY: SECTION 1, Ordir.ance Ko. 8G-41, Sectior. 2, as arr.e:ided and K.C.C. :~.42.010 are.hereby repealed and be followir.g is s·Jbst1:1.::eci.. Adoption. ;,. .. 'King county Read S:a.1dEds 1 1993 ·Jp,fate, as amended by the c:iuncil decet1ber 20, 19?3, ir.corporated herein as Attach:r,er.: A -~·i:l'. ame:ided Sect:ons 2.03, 2.20, 21, 3.C-2, 5.C3 and 5.10 a~ Attacl'.nent Sare hereby approved and adopted as the Ktng Co'Jnty s:ar.dards for read d.esig:i anci co:istr,Jction. 8. Cor.s:.stent with co·JncL's direction and intent :.r. adoptir.g these standards ::1e depa::oent of public works is hereby authorized to develop public rules and make ~ir.or c~anges to tie d:::aw:ngs in orde: to bette: implement the standards and as r.eeded to stay c1.:rrent wit:J changing design ar,C. c:instructior. technology ar:d c.ethods. c, Consistent wiL1 council's direction a::id inte::it tn adopting :l'.ese standards the department of publlc works will estab:~sh a corrmlttee consisting of county staff and representatives of be fire and emer·,Jency medical S:(!rvlce and developne:it cornmuniltes. The c:iJL'llittee will i:ivestigate alternative roadway widbs and othe: roo.d sta::idard rela:ed issues that i~pact the ability to prc,vide emergency fire and :r.edfcc.l service to the p1.:blic ar.d report fir.C.ir,gs back to cot:.r.cil Cy Septeiaber 1994. SECTIO:!'l' 2. Ordinance Ko. 8Ml, sec:ior. 4 a:id K.::.c. H 42.0JC a:e he::-by amer.ded :o read as fol:ows: 11187 Appl tub11 il.Y. A. The sta:idads rnay apply :o all newlv cons::ruc+.:ed modification$ of roadway feat·Jres CY existi::ig facilltles whid. are within :he scope o:: reconstnctions or ca::iital improvener.t projec'.:s w'.1en so required. by King County or t~ the extent they are expressly referred to I!'] projec: p:a::is and specifica:icns. These s:ando.rds are :wt i:itended L app:y to 'resurfaci:ig, restoratio:i and rehabiEtation" projects as those :enns are de'.:ineci. in tl'.e :,ocal Agency Gu1del Ines, \./ash!ngton State Depart:rien:: of TYansp::irtatior., as a!l'.e:lded; however, the eng1:1eer r:,ay :n hls discretion ccnsider :he star.dards as ::iptiona~ g::ia~s. B. ":'he s:andards sha:l applj-' to every r.ew placerr.ent and e-1ery planned, no:i-err.erger,cy rep:o.cement of t:til :ty pdes and otl'.er 'J:il l:y strnc:ures wltl'.in !:.ng Cc'Jnty rigf.:-of-way. SECT:ON 3. G·:dir.o.:ice No. 8C41, Sectic:n 6 a::id K ::.c. :~ 42.0SC a:e hereby amer,ded as follows: References. ":'he standards irnp:ement and are intended :o Ce consisten: with the references :isted i:1 Section 04 ~: A:tactur.ent A, 'King County Road Standard£, ((HS&)) lliJ.". SECTION 4. Ordinance :-l'o. 8C41, Sec:ion 10 and 3:.C.C. 14.~Z.090 are hereby repealed and the folbwing is s·Jbst:r1.::ed: 11187 Effective Date This ordinance shall take effect (30) days from its eriactment. -;, __r{_ INTRODUCED AUD READ tor the first Ume this __............L __ _ day of ~d ~ PASSFO this _c2..!!____ __ d;iy of T). ATTEST J~(/f,h<;?:d:=- K lllG COUNTY COUNCIL Km:; COUNTY, W/\St!a!GTOtl (Jl~Q,<,_ J:J}-5:J ,Y 1993. APPROVED thls _Jp ft day oi f>£,C./YLlw!.. I 19__f.z._, \Qc_,.~M.Q __ _ ........ , .. 1.o,....1 .. d.o;d Attachment: A. Klng County Road Standards, 1993 8. Attachment B -J- KING CXlNTY FU'D STl'NDl'RDS 1993 RJRFC6E King County has adopted these road design criteria primarily for a two-fold purpose: ( 1 ) (2) To set forth specific, consistent road design elements for developers and other private parties constructing or modifying road or right-of-way facilities which require County licenses or permits: To establish uniform criteria to guide the County's own construction of new County roads or reconstruction of existing roads. In addition, these Standards are intended to support King County's goals for achieving affordable housing, providing adequate facilities for development in an efficient manner, complying with storm water management and sensitive area policies and to balance these goals with the general safety and mobility needs of the traveling publ i C. In adopting these Road Standards. the County has sought to encourage standardization of road design elements where necessary for consistency and to assure so far as practical that motoring. bicycling. equestrian, and pedestrian public safety needs are met. Considerations include safety. convenience, pleasant appearance, proper drainage, and economical maintenance. The Standards also provide requirements for the location and installation of utilities within the right-of-way. The County's permitting and licensing activities require the adoption of specific, identifiable standards to guide private individuals and entities in the administrative process of procuring the necessary County approval. Yet, the County must have needed flexibility to carry out its general duty to provide streets, roads, and highways for the diverse and changing needs of the traveling public. Accordingly, these Standards are not intended to represent the legal standard by which the County's duty to the tr ave Ii n g pub Ii c i s t o be measured These Standards cannot provide for a 11 situations They are intended to assist but not to substitute for competent work by design professionals. It is expected that land surveyors, engineers, and architects will bring to each project the best of skills from their respective disciplines. These Standards are also not intended to limit unreasonably any innovative or creative effort which could result in better quality, .better cost savings, or both. Any proposed departure from the Standards w i 11 be judged, however, on the likelihood that such variance w i 11 produce a compensating or comparable result, in every way adequate for the road user and county resident. CHAPTER I. GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS 1.01 Shortened Desisnation: These King County Road Standards w 11 be cited routinely in the text as the "Standards." 1.02 Applicabilitv: These standards shall apply prospectively to all newly constructed road and right-of-way facilities, both public and private. within King County. In the event of conflict with the current short subdivision code. K.C.C. Chapter 19.26. these Standards shall control. The Standards apply to modifications of roadway features of existing facilities which are within the scope of reconstructions. required off-site road improvements for land developments, or capital improvement projects when so required by King' County or to the extent they are expressly referred to in project plans and specifications. These Standards are not intended to apply to "resurfacing, restoration, and rehabilitation" proJects as those terms are defined in the Local Agency Guidelines, V\EIXlT, as amended; however, the Engineer may at his discretion consider the Standards as optional goals. The Standards shall apply to every new placement and every planned. non-emergency replacement of existing utility poles and other utility structures within the King County right-of-way. 1.03 Responsibility to Provide Roadwav Improvements A. Any land development which w i 11 impact the service level. safety, or operational efficiency of serving roads or is required by other County code or ordinance to improve such roads shall improve those roads in accordance with these Standards. The extent of off-site improvements to serving roads shall be based on an assessment of the impacts of the proposed land development by the Reviewing Agency. B. Any land development abutting and impacting existing roads shall improve the frontage of those roads in accordance with these Standards. The extent of improvements shall be based on an assessment of the impacts of the proposed land development by the Reviewing Agency Urban residential short plats creating only one additional lot to a tax lot with an existing dwelling unit are exempt from providing urban type street improvements but are subject to shoulder improvements as specified In Section 3.07 provided these improvements are consistent with the surrounding roads. C. Any land development that contains internal.roads shall construct or improve those roadways to these Standards. D. It is the County's practice that it w i I I not allow subdivisions to be recorded unless there exists a recorded continuous public access to the subdivision except as provided for in Section 2.06. Nor will the County accept a road for maintenance until the road is directly connected to a County or other public I y maintained road. 2 E. A I I road design. Sections improvement and development Where existing roadways are 3.02, 3.07, 3.08 or 3.09. pro1ects shall include pedestrian access as a part of the to be modified. pedestrian facilities shall be as described 1n 1.04 General References: The Standards implement and are intended to be consistent with: A 1-bne Rule Charter for King County, approved by the electorate on November 5. 1968; specifically subsection 920.20.10. B. King County Code, as amended, including: Title 9, Title 14, Title 16, Title 17, Title 19. Title 20, Title 21, Titles 46 Surface Water Management Roads and Bridges Building and Construction Fire Code Standards Subdivisions Planning Zoning and 47, Traffic C. Implementing guidelines on drainage prepared by Surface Water Management Division. King County Department of Public Works, and hereafter referred to as the "Surface Water Design Manual" D. King County Comprehensive PI an 1985, as updated. E. King County Transportation Plan. current edition. F. Affordable Housing Policy Plan. G. Adopted Community Plans. H. King County Regional Trails Plan, I. King County Non-Motorized Transportation Plan. J. King County Capital Improvement Program, as amended. K. King County Parks and Open Space Plan 1986. L. King County Specifications for Off-Street Parking. M King County adopted Basin Control Plans. N. King County Flood Hazard Plan, when adopted. 3 1.05 WSOOT/APWA Documents as Primary Design and Construction References: Except where these Standards provide otherwise, design detail, construction workmanship, and materials shall be in accordance with the following publications produced separately by Washington State Department of Transportation (WSOOT), or jointly by WSOOT and Washington State Chapter of American Public Works Association (APWA). A. WSDOT/APWA Standard Specifications for Road, Bridge, and Municipal Construction, as adopted by King County, current edition as amended. These will be referred to as the "WSOOT/APWA Standard Specifications.• B. The WSDOT/APWA Standard Plans for Road and Bridge Construction, to be referred to as the "WSDOT/APWA Standard Plans," current edition as amended. C. WSDOT Design Manual, current edition as amended. D. City and County Design Standards for the Construction of Urban and Rural Arterial and Collector Roads, adopted per RCW 35.78.039 and RCW 43.32.020, May 24, 1989, current edition as amended. 1.06 Other Specifications: The following shall be applicable when pertinent, when specifically cited in the Standards or when required by state or federal funding authority. A. Local Agency Guidelines, WSDOT, as amended. B. Guidelines for Urban Arterial Program, WSDOT, as amended. C. Design criteria of federal agencies including the Federal Housing Administration, Department of Housing and Urban Development; and the Federal Highway Administration, Department of Transportation. D. A Policy on Geometric Design of Highways and Streets, American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO), 1984, or current edition when adopted by WSDOT. E. Standard Specifications for Highway Bridges, adopted by AASHTO, current edition. F. U.S. Department of Transportation Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices, ''MUTCD'', as amended and approved by Washington State Department of Transportation, current edition. G. Guide for the Development of Bicycle Facilities, adopted by AASHTO, current edition. H. Associated Rockery Contractors, Standard Rock Wall Construction Guidelines. I. American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM). 1.07 Road Plans: Plans for roads and road drainage shall be prepared and submitted consistent with these Standards and in accordance with administrative rule published by the Director, Department of Public Works. These requirements shall apply to public or private roads whether constructed by private party or 4 public agency. Subject to review, the Reviewing Agency may waive plan requirements, wholly or in part, based on the following criteria: A. For improvements to existing roads if: 1. No more than 5,000 square feet will be cleared and graded within the right-of-way or easement; and 2. The existing grade or slope in the road right-of-way or easement does not exceed 12 percent; and 3 ~h~ work will net inte~cept a st~eam er w~tland or otherwise impact natural surface drainage as set forth in Cc"nty Cod~ ~~g3~ding s~nsitive Areas and the Surface Water Design Manual; and 4. Plans do not include a retention/detention facility within the right-of-way; and 5. The work is required of a short plat development, or a right-of-way use permit and involves less than 100 lineal f~~t of existing public road improvement; and 6. King County standard drawings, submitted with required permits, are sufficient to describe the improvement to be constructed. 1.08 Variances A. Variances from these Standards may be granted by the Engineer upon evidence that such variances are in the public interest and that requirements for safety, function, fire protection, appearance and maintainability based upon sound engineering judgement are fully met. Detailed procedures for requesting variances and appealing variance decisions are contained in an administrative rule available from the County Road Engineer. Variance requests for subdivisions should be proposed at preliminary plat stage and prior to any public hearing. Variances must be approved prior to approval of the engineering plans for construction. Any anticipated variances from these Standards which do not meet the Uniform Fire Code shall also require concurrence by the King County Fire Marshal. B. Questions regarding interpretation of thes~ Standards may be directed to the Reviewing Agency, Site Development Coordinator, at 296 :;;640 er th~ Roads and Engineering Services Variance Engineer at 296- 3783. . 5 1.09 Penalties and Financial Guarantees: Failure to comply with these Standards may result in denial of plan or development permit approval, revocation of prior approvals, legal action for forfeiture of financial guarantee, code enforcement. and/or other penalties as provided by law A. CO\IS1RLJCTIC)\J ~ GUARANTEES: Any construction work on King County right-of-way (both maintained and unmaintained) other than Capital Improvement Projects or County maintenance work shall be guaranteed by a financial guarantee. All work on private road and drainage facilities required as a condition of a County approval process shall be guaranteed by a financial guarantee at the time of plat recording. The amount and form of the financial guarantee shall be determined by the Reviewing Agency. The minimum performance guarantee shall be $1,000.00 The amount of the financial guarantee rrny be reduced during construction, as determined by the Reviewing Agency. At no time w i 11 the financial guarantee amount be reduced to less than 30 percent of the original amount or $1,000.00, whichever is greater B. M/\INTENANCE ~ GUARANTEES: The successful performance of the right-of-way improvements shall be guaranteed for a period of at least one year (or other period if updated by King County Code) from the latest date of either the acceptance or Final Construction Approval. The amount and form ofthe maintenance financial guarantee shall be determined by the Reviewing Agency The minimum maintenance guarantee shall be $1,000.00. Maintenance guarantees will not be required when the required performance guarantee is $1,000.00. 1.10 Meaning of Terms "Alley": A thoroughfare or right-of-way, usually narrower than a street, which provides access to the rear boundary of two or more residential properties and is not intended for general traffic circulation: privately maintained. "Auxilary Lane": The portion of the roadway adjoining the traveled way for parking, turning or other purposes supplementary to through-traffic movement. "Bulb": Round area for vehicle turnaround typically located at the end of a cul-de-sac street. "Cul-de-sac": Short street having one end open lo traffic and the other temporarily or permanently terminated by a vehicle turnaround. "Design Speed": The speed approved by the Reviewing Agency or the Engineer for the design of the physical features of a road as established by Sections 2.03 and 2.04 for residential and commercial access streets or equal to 10 miles per hour above the current or expected posted speed limit for arterials. "Developer": Any person, firm. partnership, association, joint venture or corporation or any other entity who undertakes to improve residential, commercial, or industrial property or to subdivide for the purpose o f res a I e and p r o f i t. 6 "Driveway": A privately maintained access to residential, commercial or industrial properties. "Engineer": King County Road Engineer, having authorities specified in RCW 36.75.050 and 36.80, or his/her authorized representative. "Eyebrow": A partial bulb located adjacent to the serving road that provides access to lots and serves as a vehicle turnaround. "Half-Street": Street constructed along edge of development, utilizing a portion of thm t<mgula~ width of right-of-way and permitted as an interim facility pending construction of the othmt< h3ln on the stt<met by the adjacent owner. "Joint-Use Driveway Tract": A jointly owned and maintained tract or easement serving two properties. "Landing': A road or driveway approach area to any public or private road. "Loop': Road of limited length forming a loo1J, having no othmt< intet<sructing read, and functioni11g mainly as direct access to abutting properties. A loop m31J be drusignated fot< onm-way or t1-1J-way tt<affic. "Off-Street Parking Space": An area accessible to vehicles, exclusive of roadways, sidewalks, and other pedestrian facilities, that is improved, maintained and used for the purpose of parking a motor vehicle. "Pavement Width": Paved area on shoulder-type roads or paved surfacm bmtHemn cmt<b, thickened edge or gutter flow line on all other roads as depicted on Drawings 1-001 tht<o~gh 1-003, 1-005 and 1-006. "Pipe Stem": A strip of land having a width narrower than that of the lot or parcel to be served and is designed for providing access to that lot or parcel. "Private Access Tract": A privately owned and maintained tract providing vehicular access to six or fewer residential properties. "Private Street": A privately owned and maintained access provided for by a tract, easement or other legal means, typically serving three or more potential dwelling units. "Professional Engineer": A professional civil engineer licensed to practice in the State of Washington. "Public Street": Publicly owned facility providing access, including the roadway and all other improvements, inside the right-of-way. "Reviewing Agency": King County Department of Development and Environmental Services or its successor agency for plats and proposed developments. "Right-of-Way": Land, property, or property interest (e.g., an easement), usually in a strip, acquired for or devoted to transportation purposes. 7 "Road": A facility providing public or private access including the roadway and all other improvements inside the right-of-way. "Road" and ''Street" will be considered interchangeable terms for the purpose of these Standards ''Roadway'': Pavement width plus any non-paved shoulders. "Resource Lands': r,as so designated in King Coanty Co~p~ch•nsive Plan and as implemented through community plans and s~•3 zoning; characterized by long-ter~ sgriculture, forestry, and mining. "Rural Areas'': Areas so designated in King County Comprehensive Plan, and as implemented through community plans and area zoning; characterized by long-term low density of development. "Shoulder': The paved or unpaved portion of the roadway outside the traveled way that is available for emergency parking or non-motorized use. "Traffic Engineer'': King County Traffic Engineer responsible for design, operation and maintenance of traffic control devices. "Transitional Areas": Areas so designated in the King County Comprehensive Plan; characterized by low density but earmarked for redesignation through a community plan as either a rural or an urban area. "Traveled Way": "Urban Areas": community pl ans development. The part of the road made for vehicle travel excluding shoulders and auxiliary lanes. Areas so designated in King County Comprehensive Plan, and as implemented through and area zoning; characterized by denser commercial/industrial and residential "Utility": A company providing pHblic service such as gas, electric power, telephone, telegraph, water, sewer, or c3ble television, wheth•~ or not such company is privately owned or owned by a governmental entity. I.II Severability: If any part of th•s• King County Road Standards as established by ordinance shall be found invalid, all othe~ pa~ts sh~ll ~main in •ff~~t. 8 CHAPTER 2. ROAD TYPES &. GEOMETRICS 2.01 Road Classifications A County roads are classified functionally as indicated in Sections 2.02. 2.03. and 2.04. Function is the controlling element for classification and shall govern right-of-way. road width and road geometrics. Other given elements such as access. arterial spacing and average daily traffic count (ADT) are typical. B. Within each functional classification. roads are further characterized as "curb" or "shoulder'' type. A "curb" type road typically requires curb and gutter with inlets and underground pipe drainage. A "shoulder" type road typically requires a shoulder and open ditch drainage. 1. Land developments in urban areas, as defined by the current King County Comprehensive Plan Map. shall provide "curb" type road improvements. Exceptions to this may be approved by the Reviewing Agency on residential access streets which are located in long-term, low density neighborhoods as designated by adopted community plans and where a pattern of "shoulder" type roads is firmly established. Exceptions for two-lot urban short plats are as allowed in Section 1.03. 2. Land developments in rural areas as defined by the current King County Comprehensive Plan Map shall provide "shoulder" type. road improvements unless otherwise approved by the Reviewing Agency. Certain exceptions to the "shoulder" type standard may apply within clustered housing developments and rural activity centers (unincorporated rural towns such as Vashon or Fall City) where urban densities and uses may make a "curb" type road appropriate. Within these developments, the specifically authorized land uses, adopted community plans or business district design guidelines may provide for either a "curb" or "shoulder" type road section. 3. Land developments in transitional areas as defined by the current King County Comprehensive Plan .Map shall provide "curb" or "shoulder" type road improvements as specified by the Reviewing Agency 4. Guidelines applicable to Rural Areas shall apply also to Resource Lands. 2.02 Arterial Roads' Comprising the County primary road system, see Drawings No. 1-001 and 1-002. CLASSJFICATION PRINCIPAL ARTERIALS MINOR ARTERIALS COLLECTOR ARTERIALS OR "COLLECTORS" FlJNCTION Inter-community highways connecting Intra-community highways connecting Intra-community highways connecting largest community centers & facilities community centers and facilities. residential neighborhoods with community centers & facilities. Access Controlled with very restricted Partially controlled with infrequent Partia1\y controlled with infrequent access to abutting properties. access to abutting properties. access to abut1ing properties. Land Use Area Rura\ Urban Rural Urban ------------------Rural --------------Urban Arterial Spacing 2 to 5 Miks 2 to 5 Miles Under 2 Miles Under 2 Miles Under 2 Miles I Under2 Miles AD·r CRITEIUA A T\p1c:d Rrmd T~'pc Shuldder Curb Sli,itdd::r Cu1h Sb,,.:]dcr[S) Sh,)uldei-(8] Slioukkr[SJ Cmb [9) ll C D. E. F (j II. I J K L. ' D-:~ig11 Spc::d [2] Vc1~1c~ \'cTie~ \';uK~ V<lr'.L'~ VariC'., \':me~ (MPH) 40, W -l-1) • 611 :;5 • 55 :: .;; -.;; -; ..J-(l._5() l_"'i -50 St:indard S·. rwn'kvata,111 Ft./ Ft.)[9] 0.()6 l)_(I(, (_1/)(l () 116 f) ()(, 11_()(1 Hurvontal CrnYalwc SCL' l':ibic :i I SeL· T,1Hc 2. I Sc..: l:thk l_. I St·e L1bk 2. l S,:l'T:ibk.2.1 Sec Lcbk2.l 1\-Jaximum (iradc(%,) [lj ') ') l(J 10 Ill 10 S:anJ.c1J Stoppmg Srghl Sc:: T:ibk'"' I \cc· LLhk 2 I Sec T;ibk 2. I Sec: T:1blc 2. l \ice l :1hlc :::. I SLT L1blc 2.1 D1sla11,·c(Ft.) l4J Stand:1,J Entering Sight Sec T:cblc 2. I 'ice I :1bk .~ I '-iL·cL:hlc2.I Sl'l' T:ibk 2. l SccTahk2.l <..;c·c·L1hk2.l Dist,mcc(rt.J (5] \fo:imrnn Passing Sight Oisl,mce Sec 1·:1bk 2.1 Sc'L' bbl( 2.1 '.'K~' Tahk:'. l c.;l'l' l;ibk ~.I Sec T,1b:L, 2.: ~,x·L1·:1k2.l ()11 '-Lane Road (Ft I \·1immurn 2/3-Lane 2'iJ..J-44 = ') 3--l-44 2:.:' ,-\ n Tra,·cki.'. Way 4-1.anc 44 44 44 44 44 (Fl.) [6] 5-LE1e 56 _-=-,(, )6 5(, i1:ti11imum Rm:dway 20-Lanc 38 _5{) 44 ;.s; -;u 44 <s [8]/50 (&] 34 [8] \Vidth ( Ft.) r<,] 4-Lane (,I) 54 17] (10 54 171 6018] 5-Lane T:. 66171 ., ". 6617] l\'1111 R1ght-ol~ 2/3-Lane JOO 100 X4 !-1--1-(l(J (i(_i \\\1y \Vidth {Ft) 4-Lmc ;()() l( I() \-t S--1- 5 Lm:c l()(J \(l() 1{11) \--1- Type titTurb L'r Shuuldci :S:' Shuuk'.c1 Vcrt1c1l ( ·1.ll'b & X' Slw:ildo Vcrtic:il l 'tl:'!1 & \' Sh"ulJL"1 (i' Slmukk1 & Ditch [6] S:: 01k:1 liuttc1 &: D1tc'h (iulk'T .i: Oneil [8) & Unch [81 '" . '. -\\' it.!1 in the aho\·c par;irnctcr-;, i;comdric dcsig11 1 eq uin:mcn is~h:i 11 be dc1erm1:1cd 1"1 lr ~rl:l'1 f1 L' arterial ni:1d~ c,i11.~i~knl \\'ilh lhc \\'SDO I I k~1 ~n \ Lm ua I . Design spe<:J 1~ a basis r,_,r dct.:cn!ninggclltllctric ..:krnc1ch ;md d,xs lltll imply po.~tcd m kfcalh· rwrnm~1blc ~peed Cun e's ,;Id] k Jc~11,!nc·J \\'itl1in ;xu·anwtcr'i(lf B. c·. ,mJ D <1bo\e. I See Sect1@ 2.05 1 > • l\1axi1m;in,:1r<1J1: may be exceeded l(1r'ihortdist;mcc". (SccScct1un2.11.) -+ • S:andarJ Stoppmg Sigh1 I )i~tmic,:/SSDJ ,,h:111 appl;-u11k.~sotherwise ;i;,pnl\'.:d hy the 1-n~'.ll\Cc'I (Sec S,·c'lit'll 2.12.) · Standard Lntcring Sight Di.,tancc ( f·Sl)J sh:ill apply at intcr~tcti,Jns wid dri\ L'W<'Y~ unb~ lllhc1wi.,c .1ppnn ,'ci by t ~c Eng1:1cc1 \ S<:L· Section 2 : .l J h • Criteria !'or sl:i.lc and frd<:ral funding n;ay rcqu11c greatL'l \\'idt'.i. r:,1r guardr:11l 111'itall:i111l11'., \h,1ukk1> ~hall he ':\HI :'cL'l \\'1Jcr. · Pa\ e111C11l width :r1ay he reduced tl11 Lrb,:.n ,\nn1als where bike\\'.:.ty-: ;ire :--.,it required hy 1hc N,_\11-J\fo1urucd 1'1,m. k • Rurcd L·ulkclors may. a-; altcrnatiVL'. h:iv:,; n:i11c,d ,·urb :md gutkr ~it 111ii:i1mn:: \\·idlh or 311 i'L'cl n1r[1 10 curb 9 -Sec \cc lion 2.(15 for all(m ,·d u,,cs t>f\upnck\ "111011~ grL'<tlL'r !:'.;an (i pc:·ccnt 10 \ .C!I IL'~ Vanes _)) -50 _"\~ • 5(1 (Ul6 (]_{)(J Sec ·1 abk -~ 1 Sec T:ibic 2 I 10 12 Sec Tdik 2.1 Scl' T:1hlc :.:' I Sc..: L1hlc::: I SL'C "L1hlc 2 . Sl'L' L1hic 2.1 '-ic~-TJl,J.· 2. J n ~(, .j4 30 [8] 44 (7] .. 54 171 (10 (,() s.:i . .j' Shnuldn \'crtical Cuth t. Dllcli (8J & G.inc1 ·i 2.03 Residenti_al AcQess streets' Serving single-family development, For multiple-dwelling development, see Drawings No. 1-001 through 1-006. see Section 2.04. CLASSIFfCA T(QN Fl"M'TIO'.\ Publicur Pri\·,1te .\cress Land lre Area NEIGHBORHOOD COLLECTORS StrcelS l·,innc'c(1ng twr, ('T ln(lt·c, nc1ghbPrhu,,,b ,md I) jlKiilh Cl•lllh.:<'lmglo ::11,TI d,ur ,Jth..::1 nc1gl:borhol>Llcolkuor~. Pub] iL SIi LC:h Restnc'.ed. l.l>ls li-u11tu11 ;.1,cal An·c~~ ~lr~·et \\ here kasihk. Rural Urban lsUBCOLLECTORS Streets ::1111 1cl1111 c::11 c1il:11 iun ,;,i;h1:1 nc:1ghhrn·hr,nd, 1yp1Ci1lly c\1rnc·,·1ing \cl ri<.::1{1h,,1fo,,,1dcoll· ct,111 Pubh<.:~tr..:d, ·\s llCCckd \\"ith ,('lllC 1"C'i11K!ltlllS Rural Urban ! <JC.,\L 6CC'FSS "TIHTJ''- SUBACCESS STREETS Pe1ma111:nt rnl~d1.:-~ac~. ,,r ~h,>n 1(1Cp~ (2]. cc1nn,·ct 1ng ·,, ~uhc1,l l,:,·1m~ :md nut ,1.11p1111i1c()I thrnugh 1:-Jf'.lc Typically pl:bhc slrcc'h Fc11 pri\a'.c ~tr ccb \ Sc:c Sec. 2.0().) -\~ n<.:cckd \'."Jtl1 oul:· mirnm,d rc,tncl1<111, Rural Crban ;\UNOR ACCTS:-i STREETS (RESIDENTIAL i 'Permanent ,·l,1-,k-,,\,·o 01 Ju,,p,(2J. 111th 11>-.1 11.illH· pr, -.1d1:1r ,·ircubtwn,md ,1s·cc-~~ t,l ofT- ,11·..::ct p111 !;:;n_~ 111111111 1 c~idcn;i,il development !iuun,:an,..-~ l'ub!1c ur pri\·;1:,, \lrc:~h I.Sc:..: Sec. 2 0(1. ! :\, nceJc:d with ,m::. m1111mal 1·..:,t1ic·tit11h Rural Urb,m Sc.:r\·mg P,1ll:nti:.d ~mnlx:r nf Single.family Dwelling Units CR!Th!UA Over 100 31 IOO Max. JOO Max. 4 50 Max. :50 Max. l6 Max. 16 Max. -~-· ;.:. · ,i: ·). ·· .~ x=::-::::, ::::N:,h::f::MhiW%i A T1r1cal Rwd T\ p,· Curb Sh,iulde1 Curb Slll''.tkk1 Curb Shoukkr Curb R. Dc~itt:n Speed !SJ ,~.,,m 11 ,~ ~~ ){) C Ma\ Supcrclc\at1on(Ft./Ft.) 0.0(, Sec Sec. 2.058 (1_(1(, .>(1 ·"-'C Sec. 2.058 l_m1 :-ip~·cd ( ·urw Scc'Sti::. 2.10 S<'c Ste. 2.05B l.ln1· Sr,·cd Cur-,'e Sc:c: Sec. 2.: tl Sec S~c;,)_,_-Om_ l u11 Spcc·d ( ·:1ne S..:c Sec. 2 Ill :--,·e Sec. 2.0SB I m1 Spc:l'd('1.11c Sc:.: Sec. :'. :o \ec' Sec. 2.0.'lB D. Honz(mtal('urvat11rc: \1in. K;1dm, {Fl.\ l .11\\" Spc:·:d ( ·:1n c Low Spec'd r·urn· L,,\1 Spc:,·d C11nc l.l>1,· Spc<.:d ( 'urh: Sc('T.ihk.2.1 5e<"·]jbJ~::' Sc,,,·1:1t-ik: I S,·,· 'I :1hlt· :' ,; S,·c Sec . .2 lil SccSec . .21() SecSec.210 Sc;;Sec.210 E \fa.\.. Grade (61 Standard S1,,pp11ig: .Si.l,':ht D1~ta:1ec (Ft.) {71 C. Swndard Enk1mg Sight D1sta11..:c (Ft.) f81 H Min l'avcmci_l! \Vilit_h_(_f_t_l !\·fin Rt>ad\\'.1\' Width (Fl.) [I LI J. J\.fr1 Ri_c'11H,f-way Width (.Ft_,l K. fypc,,fCLuhmShuukkr and D:tch {111 L Mm lfall"St f'a\rd \\"1d1h(f::!_J_ \1 Min. Onc-wJy Paved \\'idihUJJ "\' NOTJ·.S II Sc:c:T:ihk2.I Sc..: T:ibk 2 I 22 _lS (,O 8' Sh(1uldc:1 &D1t.:h F131 :::o '() 1, Sc,: l.ihk 2.2 s~·--I ;ihk' "·~· 32r91 ~il V~rnol ('urh&..(iutkr 20 21) I' li I' Sc:c: T.ibk::'. I Se<' 1·:1hk22 I ~o \ 1 ~() ft :• 2~ :::o 2-1 1:,. 'S .'X ,, (,(I 4sr121 4~[121 4Df!il 8' Shuuk~'r \',;rncai or R,1llcd 4' ShoulJc: \'<:n1c,il 0r ?..oik<l S.Dttch fl31 Curb & (ju\kr &.l)1tch f131 Curb& Gutter ''1 20 20 21) 2ll 21) :'.(I :o \'1."ithin rhc 1b1,.,.c: paramc:lc:rs. gcomc:u·ic d~s1gn for spccfLc ~ucc1, ,hall be Ull:-;1,;:cn:with AASI-ITO I', 1;1(:, nn ( rr,1E1,·t1 i,· Lk,1g:r, 01· 111.l.''.m aJ ~ :,n,l Str..:c:r,; 2 • Sc:e S,:c:tiun 2.15 fo1 unc-\\JY lmip,;. 3 -Sec Scction 2.20 l\lr r~~i<l~·rn1Jl access e<:l:mc:ct.on requ1Mne1't~ 4 -Sc:c: s~·ct1011:.2 1 fo:· urb,m cxcept1un..:nte:·1.: " i '.',{) .\ 20f\Ol '~ f\0\ -1.~ fl21 -I' ShuulJ<:1 & l),ich rl)I :'.I) ;,Q '.' • De,;1g:n srcc:d 1s a b:i,i, fr1rdek·rn1mi:i)c'grurndT1cdements awl due:~ nut :mph pu,tcd 111 .q:a:I;, 1'cnrns.,1bk ,;,..:<:,'.. Cun csslull h,, cks1gnc·d \\'lthm p<irJmcters rifH. C ,md ll ,1li,1w (SceSec110n2.0'.') (1, l\foxnrnun grad1; may bc('XCCc'<l,·d forshond1~t.1ncc's IS..:..: .-,cl'li,,:1,: I) 7 , S:an<lard Swppmg Sight l)j,;unc~ (SSL) I ,;h:tll ,ippl y unk,s \1lhc:111 i:;,· appn1wd h1 1hc :'.11rci11cc1 I See Scdiun 2 12 i S • S:andar<l EntcringSight Distance (ESD) ~hall .ipp:y ,11 in:cr,~(11\ilh<md dm c11·:ivson n..:1,;hh\1rhood ,:ol kl·tor~ unit,,_,; otheTWisi;: app1111·cd by tile Fn.c:incc1 I Sc:c: Scdiu:1 2.13) 9 • ?•frighborhoodrnllccwrs mkr~<:ctmg 111th arteri,ils sha'.I be ]6 fc:d ,11Jc for the first I ~O kcl Sec Sect1011 'l.(I~ r111 u1,c:1, IO , Exception to p,Mng requ1ren:ent 011 mmt1r :iccc% ~lwu:d,T 11 pc' ~\reel,: (Sec Se,·111>11 ~-I 7 J 11 • For guardrail ms1:tll.1tw:t, ,h,n1kkrs ~hall be tm, -led \1·idc1 12. R1gh:-ol~wziy(or c:ascmcn1)may be: rcdwnl ll• minurnum ro,1d11i!y wid1h pli1~ ,idc11 alk~.pw1·1,!cd'.ha1 all potential s..:n rng u11:111c::;a11d nc:cc:-8<\l'}' dr,tinagc:uc othen\·ise JC<:ommodakd ,in permanent ..:,1~cn1e111, within the· dc:v,·l,1pn:c11t ( Sc:c: Sc:t:11(111::: 19 J 13 • A, allc:r:.Mtivcw shoulder and J!lch. underground p1pcdram:1gc' w11h c:11:1,'r 1 hwll'11cd bl!:'''-lh1·!:' 1-01).'i ut !'xtnukdCi1rh, D\I':'· 1-00(• 1,.; acccp(;thlc 11 [, 150 \ 4orm \'cn1c,il ut R,,llcl.! Ct11':; & (iun..:1 ;:'(I ___ :'.I) 2.04 Commercial Access streets' (See Drawings No. 1-001 and 1-002 .) CL\sSIFIC\TlON MliLTJPLE D\\TLUKi BUSINESS INDUSTRJAL ~J\10R .\CCJ::5S ACCESS STREETS :\lX'l:SS 'lT!ffF IS ACCESS S rnrr1 S STRFFTS f( '()1\-1\iFRC'I .\ L 1 FU\CTTON Loci! st1·ccb <1lrnttmg two-I clC:ll ;;trc'l'.ts abuaing Local ~tr.',·L ahun1ng L.1c.li ~ll'C:c'b prn1·iding Lurnly anJ 11ailliplc-dm:lli1'g J,·n ,..: m1. I ( 1 p I,· -J,,, ~ 11 i r.~ ·,111J 11n:rn1··.1cturi11g. pw,:(~\ltlg. (' 1rnil;(.1011 .111J <1cc·~~s '.o do :.:l\)!'ll1Cll'. \,·1·\ 1~-c>. office, ;irofc~,i,lJl:d ~1m111:2 & ku1Jlin,! :1c:1'.·111.-~ p,1rkin~' rnH'. ln;1d111g sill'~ :1Cll\'ltl,'~ ,,it'·1i:1 l11L:lt1-J\\'C.:111~:. '..'·L.~:1ll:.,~ .• md ir,d::~mal dc1 ..:l,nmcll\ h(1t:11...iaric·~ Public m Pri1·atc Strech Typically p·.1bl1c si.rc-..:t:.: T: pi,:cil I~ :-iubk ~tTL',-h l Yrll':111;-;1t1lil1~ ~tn:(ts Pu\1[1( ur prl\ ".11( ~tl'C','1, s.:rvi11:; ;.ill RJ) ,:nd R\l zrnws ~l'l"\Tl~ R\[ ')1)11 ,11:d ,:II Jl scn·mg C(i :m~I ,di \1 Zm1c·~ ( '.-ic'L '.-,.;,·ti(,]I 2.()(, I l'\<::Cnt RM qllU I busi11..:~~ 1 !Olk'> :\CC<.:~> A~ needed. \\'1lh S(lllll.' A, IK((.kJ. \\ ilh ~()]'.'.~ :'\s 11ec.:dnl. '.':ith \nine \, nc,,,L,cJ '.\ ith \lll h mint::1:11 rei:1u\ation. rel!.u!ation. lre1>ulation. rcslrictiom. Land Use Area -·1t ~ CRlTERlA ., .. ,-, '" ,. ;: A. T"nical Road T"ne Shoulder Curb Shoulder Curb Shoulder Curb Shoulder Curb B. Design Speed [2] Low Speed Low Speed (MPH) 35 35 35 35 35 35 See Sec. See Sec. 2.IO 2.10 C Max.Sunerelevation fft//Ft.l 006 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 D. Horizontal Luw Speed Curve Low Speed Curve Curvature See Table 2.1 See Table 2. ! See Table 2.1 Sec Table 2.1 See Table 2.1 See Table 2.1 See Sec See Sec. Min. Radius CFt.) r2l 2.10 2.10 E. Maximum Grade (%)13] 12 12 12 12 II 11 12 12 F. Standard Stopping Sight See Table 2.1 See Table 2.1 See Table 2. l Sec Table 2.1 .See Table 2.1 See Table 2.1 150 150 Distance (Ft.) f41 G. Standard Entering Sight See Table 2.1 See Table 2.1 See Table 2.1 See Table 2. I See Table 2. l See Table 2.1 NIA NIA Distance (Ft.) rs1 H. Min. Pavement Width (FU 22 36 24 36 24 40 20 24 L Min. Roadway Width (Ft.) r61 38 36 40 36 40 40 28171 24 171 J. Min. Rie.ht-ofWav Width fft.) 60 56 60 56 60 60 48171 40 [71 K. Type of Curb or Shoulder 3' Shoulder VenicaJ 8' Shoulder Ver1icat 8' Shoulder Venical 4' Shouldu Vertical & Ditch 161 & Ditch Curb & Gutter & Ditch Curb & Gutter & Ditch Curb & Gutter &Ditch Curb & Gutter L. Min. Half Street Paved Width {Ft.) 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 M. Min. One-Wav Paved Width fftl 20 20 22 22 24 24 20 20 N. NOTES: \\"1::1111 thl' :1\H\\<.: para111clc1·,.; :ccorncrri,-J,,>i:_c!t1 rccuircmcnt, -"C,,rn:nc1·~·:;il A.c..:c~~ Strc:b" ~enc :nultipk-J\1-el i111g. hu,1nc,~. ilriJ i11J1.qnal ck1 ~'i(lpmc:1h sbll he tkkrmincd flJr s;,ccir[(: ~lrC<:t.s LW1~:~tc:1t \\'111'. The' WSDOT fksi.~n :Vfam:,il . l)c~il_'.:ll .~p,'cd 1~ ,\ bt\b fur Jctcrn1inmg !_'.COilh''.r.c ckllll'llb :m<l doc~ nul imp I:. :,osll'd (JI k.~,dl:, pcr1111ss1··,lnpc'c'c! Cui°' ca >h:.i!l be dc~1g1wd \\ 11lrnc p:11 ,1m.:tc1·ani'B, (·. and l)Jbm,· ('.-IC~ :K"Cti,1:11.U~ 1 . \f;:ix1tff.l!TI ~radc r1ay he excec(kd !er ~hort d1.\tancc.:,,. (Scee Sl'cti,.m :' 11.) 4 • Slc\11C,'.rd Steopp:n~ '-;ighl [):stcrncc (SSD) ~h:dl c1ppl)' unless: ,.,1hcH\ 1.,,· <tp)'rn1,cd b; the l-n~·inccr 1 '-;,y \c:.11:,n 2. 12. ! .:'i -Standard Fntcr111g Sight D:~t:rncc ,:fSD) ~ha:: apply :11 intcr~c<:thltl~ :md dn1.·/\\Jy, :xl·~pt 1111 Jl'illN :1ccc,, ,11cL'h u11k" w. 1cr-,1·:~c :iprrn'-··:d hy the' Fnµ,11.:c1 (S(L' SL·,·110111.L~.'1 (l • Fu:· ~uiirJrail :11~1alla11mh.shmild,·1,.,h:.ill b,· 11\1, JL'el -.,1dc· 7 • R1gi;l-(>f-w;1:' I c)I L'<lSellKlll I may Ix: 1educcd tu milllllllllll J"()c\lh;:c1\ \\'ldlil. pith ,1dC\\ ,1ik pn:\"lded 1h;\t )'(lktll1:il .,C\I 111µ i:ti::1:l'~ J: d llc'l'l'~'idl"\ tl1 ~I.ILi.,!~ : IC ulhen1 i.,c.: acconwd:.itcrl 11·1thm pcrnnn:cnt,:,1scn1<:nh th:-1lE;Jr". rh,-d,-,. clopn1c.:111. I Sec Scct111:1 :' J l.l 1 · 12 2.05 Horizontal Curvature and Sight Distance Design Values A. The do,sign values sho~ in Ta~lms 2.1 and 2.2 are minimum values ~eco,ssary to merul tWro requirmmronts of Sections 2.02, 2.03 and 2.04 for a selected design speed and read classificat on. A rnaxirn(,lfj of 8 percent superelevation may be used, upon approval of the Engineer, for design of improvernron1.s to existing arterials, as necrossary, to meet terrain and right-of-way conditions. Supermlevation -wn- off leng+_hs on arterials, rural residential and commercial accruss st-eets shall be ca-:'culated h accordancru with the WSDOT Drusi gn Manual. B Superelevation is not requirrud in thru d sign of horizontal wrvros on urban rrosidential access streets; hoo:ever, horizontal curvrus mus be designed based on design sprorod and selructed cross sroction as indicated in Tabh 2.2. Tab m 2.2 is based en AASHTO "Low Sprurod Urban 'treets" design mruthodology. Supero,Jevation may bm usm on Jrban ro,sidrunt il stremts as nmcmssary tc merut terrain aod right-of-way conditions. Table 2.1 Arterial Roads, Rural Residential And Co11111ercial Access Streets Design Values Design Speed (mph) 30 35 40 45 50 Horizon~al Curvaruure for 6 percrunt 273 3m0 509 656 849 Superelruvation, adius I Ft ) Horizontal Curvature for 8 prurco,nt (maximum 250 350 465 600 760 allowable on arterials) superele•ation, Radius (Ft.) (requires approval Of me Enginerur) Stopping Sight Cistamce (Ft.) 200 250 325 400 475 ~ntering Sight Oistamco, (Ft.: 430 490 555 620 685 Passing Sight Distance (Ft.) for a 1,100 1,300 2-Lane Road I, 500 1,650 1,800 13 55 60 1,061 1,348 960 1,200 550 650 750 810 1,950 2,100 Table 2.2 Urban Residential Access Streets Design Values Design Speed (mph) I 25 30 35 1 ~ -, -I Horizontal Curvature, fer 6 Percmnt Suemrmlmvaticn, Radiws (Ft.) ~ -135 215 320, __ __,, Horizontal Curvature, fer 4 Percent Sup(l)relmvaticn, RadL,s (Ft.) ~ ---· -145 230 345:----<I Horizontal Curvature, fer 2 Percent Supmrmlmvation, Radi,s (ft.) I--155 250 .::::37c.::5:---11 Horizontal Curvature, Ncrma· Crown Section, Radiws (Ft.} 1---.---=-===---------.-180 300 460:----11 I-Stopping Sigh!__2!stan..s;._i£.! } 150 200 250 1 1-En!e.!:ing Sigh!..E_!~tan~(Ft.} 365 4~0 490 1 Minimum Run-Off Length (Ft.) 80 90 100 2.06 Private Streets A. While corrrnunity street requirements are usually bmst served by public streets, owned and maintained by thm County, privatm streets may be appropriatm for some local access streets. Usually these are minor access stremts, mither residmntial or commmrcial. B. Private streets may be approved only when they are: 1. Permanently established by right-of-Woy, tract er masement providing legal access to each affected lot, dwelling unit, or businillss and su~ficien-to accommodate required improvements, to include provision for future use b11adjacent prcper-y owners when applicable; and 2. Built to King County Road Standards, as set forth herein, or secured under the provisions of K.C.C. 19.24.040; and 3. Accessible at all times for emergency and public service vehicle use; and 4. Not obstructing, or part cf, the present or future public neighborhood circulation plan developed in processes su~r, as the King County Comprehensive Plan, applicable community plan, or Capital Improvement Prcgram; and 5. Not going to result in land locking of present or future parcels; and 6. Not needed as public roads to meet the minimum road spacing requirements of these Standards; and 14 Designed to serve a maximum potential of I~ single-family dwelling units when the entire length of the private road system to the nearest public road is considered. The maximum potential is the number of dwelling units that can possibly be served by the road when physical barriers, zoning or other legal ccnstraints arru considered; and 8. Maintained by a capable and legally responsible owner or homeowners' association or other legal entity made up of all benefited property owners, under the provisions of K.C.C. 19.24.050; and 9. Cfoarly dQJscribed on the face of the plat, short plat, or ether dmvelopment a~thorization and clea~ly signed at st~eet location as a private street, for thru maintenance of which King Ccwn.Oy is not re spans i b h. C. King County will not accept private streets for maintenance as public streets until such streets are brought into conformance with current County road standards. This requirement will include the hard surface paving of any streets originally surfaced with gravel. D. King County will not the plat are private in Section 2.06 8.7. that do not meet the accept private streets within short plats whQJn the roads providing access to and alrQJady havru the potential to srurve more than the numb~~ of lots specified Short :lats proposed on p~operties to which the access is ovrur private streets standarCs in this section shall be denied. 2.07 Half Streets. See Drawing No. 1-010 A. A half street may be permitted as an interim facility when: 1. Such street shall not serve as primary access to more than 35 dwelling units or tax lots; and 2. Such alignment is consistent with or will establish a reasonable circulation pattern; and 3. ~here is reasonable assurance of obtaining the prescribed additional right-of-way from the adjoining property with topography suitable for completion of a full-section road. B. A half street shall meet the following requirements: I. Right-of-way width of the half street shall equal at least 30 feet; and 2. If feasible, half street shall be graded consistent with locating centerline of the ultimate road section on the property line; and 3. Traveled way shall be surfaced the same as the designated road type to a width not less than 20 feet, sidewalk shall be constructed as required for the designated road type; and 15 4. Property line edge of strruet shall be finished with lrumporary curbing, scouldru~s, ditchms, and/or side slopes so as -D asscrru proper drainage, bank stabili~y, and ~~affic safety; aod 5. Half streets shall not intersect other half streets unless so approved by the Engineer. C. When a half street is eventually completed to a whole street, the completing builder shall reconstruct the original half street as necessary to produce a proper full-width street of designated section. D. The obtaining of any right-of-way or easements needed to accomplish the above shall be the responsibility of the owning builder or developer. 2.08 Cul-de-sacs and Eyebrows. See Drawing No. 1-007. A. Wh11,nruver a cul-de-s3c street servms morlll than six lots Jr extrunds more than 150 feet from centerline of accessing street to farthest exhnt Jf surf3cmd travmlmd way a widened "bulb" shall be constructmd 3s follows; I. Minimum right-of-way diameter across bulb smction: 100 feet in a permanent. cu -de-s3c; 84 ferut in a temporary cul-de-sac, with bulb area lying oL\side straight-street right-oc-way provided as temporary easement pending forward mxtrunsion of the strwtt. Right-of-way may bru reduced, provided utilities and necessary drainage arm acco11111odatrud on prurmanrunt ruasements within the development. See Section 2.19. 2. Minimum diameter of surfacing across bulb: 80 feet of paving in curb type road; 80 feet total in shoulder type road to include 64 feet of paving and eight-foot shoulders with compacted crushed surfacing material. 3. Cul-de-sac Island: Optional feature for any cul-de-sac when bulb paved diameter is 80 feet or less; mandatory when bulb paved diameter exceeds 80 feet. If provided, island shall have full-depth vertical curb. Minimum diameter shall be 20 feet and there shall be at least 22 feet of paved traveled way in a shoulder type section; 30 feet of paved traveled way in a curb type section around the circumference. Island shall be grassed or landscaped. It shall be maintained by the adjoining lot owners. 4. Where required on cul-de-sacs, sidewalks shall be constructed on one side and on the bulb, terminating on a property line at or near half-way around the bulb. B. A permanent cul-de-sac shall not bru longrur than ~oo femt measured from centerlinlll of nters~cting street to the center of the bulb sruction. Proposrud exceptions t~ this rule will be c nsidrured by the Engineer based on pertinrunt traffic planning nactors such as topography, sen3itiv arruas and existing development. The cul-de-sac lrungth m3y ruxtrund to 1,000 fruet if 50 or f~wrur otential lots are to be served and there is provision for emrurgruncy turn3round n~ar mid-langth 16 C. The Engineer or Reviewing Agency may require an off-street walk or an emergency vehicle access to connect a cul-de-sac at its terminus with other streets, parks, schools, bus stops, or other pedestrian traffic generators, if the need exists. D. If a street temporarily terminated at a property boundary serves more than six lots or is longer than 150 feet, a temporary bulb shall be constructed near the plat boundary. The paved bulb shall be 80 feet in diameter with sidewalks terminated at the point where the bulb radius begins. Removal of the temporary cul-de-sac and extension of the sidewalk shall be the responsibility of the developer who extends the road. See Drawing No. J-008. £. The maximum cross slope in a bulb shall not exceed 6 percent. F. Partial bulbs or eyebrows shall have a minimum paved radius and an island configuration as shown on Drawing No. J-009. Island shall be offset two feet from edge of traveled way. 2.09 Alleys and Private Access Tracts A. An alley is considered a private road. Requirements of Section 2.03, subaccess streets, for horizontal curvature and stopping sight distance, apply. I. Serves a maximum of 30 lots, with a maximum length of 400 feet, no dead ends or cul-de-sacs. 2. Minimum tract width 20 feet with a pavement surface of 18 feet (including thickened edge), based on a five-foot structure setback. For differing structure setback requirements, alley configuration shall be designated to provide for safe turning access to properties. 3. Paved surface shall have a thickened edge on one side and cross slope in one direction. See Drawing No. 1-011. 4. Public streets to which an alley connects or which provide access to the front boundary of the properties served by the alley shall be 28-foot minimum paved width with vertical curb. Alley entry shall be provided by a driveway cut. 5. Modifications to existing alleys serving commercial or industrial properties, in accordance with the above, will be determined on a case-by-case basis subject to approval by the Reviewing Agency. B. Private access tracts shall conform to Section 2.03 for urban minor access roads and Section 2.06. 1. Serves a maximum of six parcels. 2. Minimum tract width of 26 feet with a maximum length of 150 feet, measured from centerline of intersecting street to furthest extent of paved tract. 17 3. Pavement width shall be a minimum of 22 feet. 2.10 Intersections and Low Speed Curves A. Intersections 1. 2. 3. 4. Angle of intersection (measured at 10 feet beyond road classification right-of-way) Minimum centerline radius (2-lane) Minimum curb radius a. Urban streets and roads cl assi fi ed neighborhood collector or higher b. Rural streets and roads c. Urban residential access street intersections where the highest classification involved is subcol l ector Minimum right-of-way line radius Minimum 85 degrees Maximum 95 degrees 5 5 Feet 3 5 Feet 3 5 Feet 25 Feet 2 5 Feet B. Spacing between adjacent intersecting streets, 'whether crossing or T-connecting, shall be as fol lows: When highest classification involved is: Principal arterial Minor arterial Col 1 ec tor arterial Neighborhood collector Any lesser street classification Minimum centerline offset shall be: 1,000 Feet 500 Feet 3 O O Feet 150 Feet 100 Feet C. On sloping approaches at an intersection, landings shall be provided with grade not to exceed one foot difference in elevation for a distance of 30 feet approaching an arterial or 20 feet approaching a residential or commercial street, measured from future right-of-way line (extended) of intersecting street as provided in Section 2.02, 2.03 or 2.04. See Drawing No. 5-002. D. Entering Sight Distance. See Sections 2.02, 2.03, 2.04 and 2.12 for design requirements. See Tables 2.1 or 2.2 for specific entering sight distance values based on required design speed. 18 E. Low Speed Curves, applicable to subaccess and minor access streets only. See Sections 2 03 and 2 04 I. 2. 3. Minimum centerline radius (2-lane) Minimum curb radius Minimum right-of-way line radius 2.11 Maximum Grade and Grade Transitions Up to 75• 100 feet 80 feet 70 feet 75• & Over 55 feet 35 feet 25 feet A. Maximum grade as shown in Sections 2.02. 2.03, and 2.04 may be exceeded for short distances of 300 feet or less, upon showing that no practical alternative exists. Exceptions which exceed 15% w i 11 require verification by the Fire Marshal that additional fire protection requirements will be met. Grades exceeding 12 percent shall be paved with asphalt concrete (AC) or port1and cement concrete (PCC). Any grade over 20 percent must be PCC. 8. Grade transitions shall be constructed as smooth vertical curves except in intersections where the difference in grade is one percent or less and upon approval of the Engineer or Reviewing Agency. 2.12 Stopping Sight Distance (SSD) applies to street classifications as shown in Sections 2.02. 203 and 2.04. See Tables 2.1 and 2.2 for specific SSD values based on required design speed. A Height of eye is 3.5' and height of obJect is 0.5'. 8. Minimum SSD for any downgrade averaging three percent or steeper as provided in Section 2.05. Tables 2.1 and 2.2 shall be increased by the values shown below for any downgrade averaging three percent or steeper (Source: /IASHTO Policy on Geometric Design, Table Ill-2). Interpolate values for other design speeds and grades. DESIGN SPEED {MPH) 60 50 40 30 20 SSD ADJUSTMENT VALUES (FT) DCJ/1,N'.R/{E 3 P e r c e n t 50 30 20 10 0 6 Percent '110 70 40 20 10 9 Percent 70 30 20 C. Sag vertical curves on subaccess and minor access streets with stopping sight distance less than that called for in Section 203 may be approved by the Reviewing Agency if no practical design exists and if acceptable road lighting is provided throughout the curve and is maintained by a franchised utility. 19 D. Intersecting Stopping Sight Distance. I. Stopping sight distances for the design speeds of proposed commercial access streets, neighborhood collector streets and arterials must be met when intersecting arterials. 2. The minimum stopping sight distance on proposed intersection approaches for all other classifications of intersecting roadways shall be 125 feet. 2.13 Entering Sight Distance (ESD) Entering sight distance applies on driveways and on streets approaching intersections as set forth in Sections 2.02, 2.03, and 2.04. Entering sight distance criteria will not apply on local access streets or minor access streets (commercial). Specific ESD values for required design speeds are listed in Section 2.05, Tables 2.1 and 2.2. A. Entering vehicle eye height is 3.5 feet, measured from 10-foot back from edge of traveled way. Approaching vehicle height is 4.25 feet. B. Requirements in Section 2.05, Tables 2.1 and 2.2 apply to an intersection or driveway approach to a typical road under average conditions. In difficult topography the Engineer may authorize a reduction in the ESD based on factors mitigating the hazard. Such factors may include an anticipated posted or average running speed less than the design speed or the provision of acceleration lanes and/or a median space allowing an intermediate stop by an approaching vehicle making a left turn. C. Where a significant number of trucks will be using the approach road, the Engineer may increase the entering sight distance requirements by up to 30 percent for single-unit trucks and 70 percent for semi-trailer combinations. 2.14 Medians (Optional Design Feature) Median width shall be additional to, not part of, the specified width of traveled way. Edges shall be similar to outer road edges: either extruded or formed vertical curb; or shoulder and ditch; except that median shoulders shall be minimum four feet in width. Twenty feet of driveable surface (which includes traveled way and paved shoulders, if any) shall be provided on either side of the median. Median may be grassed, landscaped, or surfaced with aggregate or pavement. Median shall be designed so as not to limit turning radii or sight distance at intersections. No portion of a side street median may extend into the right-of-way for an arterial street. The Engineer may require revisions to medians as necessary to provide for new access points and to maintain required sight distance. Non-yielding or non-breakaway structures shall not be installed in medians. Street trees may be planted in median subject to approval by the Engineer. 20 2.15 One-Way Streets Local access strruets, including loops, may be designated one-way upon a finding by the Engineer that topography or ohrur sitm features make two-way traffic impractical. 2.16 Bus Zones and Turn-Outs During the design of arterials and neighborro~d col lructors, the designer shall contact Metro Service Planning, phone 684-1622 and the local schoO' district to determine bus zone (stop) locations and other bus operation needs. The road project shal I provide wheel chair accessible landing pads at designated bus zones as per Section 3.02 of the Standards and where required shall include turn-outs and shelter pads. Pedestrian and handicapped access improvruments within the right-of-way to and from the bus loading zone or turn-out from nearby businesses or residences shall also be provided as part of the road improvement. Surfacing requirements may also be affected, particularly on shoulders. See Section 4.0lB of the Standards. Metro's publication, ''Metro Transportation Facility Design Guidelines," is applicable. 2.17 Exception to Paving on Rural Minor Access Streets (Residential) A. A rur3l minor access strrurut (rmsidrunti3l) as ~ruscribrud in Section 2.03 that is a private street shall mmet the following standard: It sh3ll ~ru graded and, as minimum treatment, be surfaced full width including shoulders (28 feet) with crus~ed swrf3cing material as provided in Section 4.0lA Altrurn3tive V and Drawing No. 1-004 Half streets sh3ll be surfaced not less than 20 feet wide. Whrure connecting to a public street the comnecting area shall be paved between traveled way and right-of-way linw (extended} of the public strruet, with 25 foot or 35 foot radii as required by Section Z.10. P3ving shall bruin accordance •Ith Section 4.0lA with applicable alternative other than Alternative V. B. Any rural minor access street (residential) approved undmr subsruction A above shall remain a private street unless it is upgraded to public strerut s03nd3rds 30 the exprunsm of the subdivider or adjoining lot owners, to include hard surf3cru p3ving, anc 3cceptmd by the Engineer for public ownership and maintenance. 2.18 Intersections with State or Federal ~ighways In thru event th3t thm Co~nty has jurisdiction on a development that requires the construction or improvement of 3 commerc~al/industrial driveway or any classification of street that intersects a state or federal highway, minimum.intersection spacing, entering sight distance and landing requirements in 3ccord3nce with these Standards shall be satisfied in addition to the requirements of all other applicable permits. In thru insta~ce State or Federal standards exceed these Standards, State or Federal standards sha 11 govern 21 2.19 Slope, Wall. & Drainage Easements and Right-of-Way Reduction A. Easements Either the functional classification or particular design features of a road may necessitate slope. sight distance, wall or drainage easements beyond the right-of-way line. Such easements may be required by the Engineer or Reviewing Agency in conjunction with dedication or acquisition of rig ht-of-way. B. Right-of-way reduction on subcollectors. local access (residential) and minor access (commercial) In proposed developments served by underground utilities within easements. the right-of-way may be reduced to the minimum roadway width plus sidewalk, as allowed in Sections 2.03 and 2.04. with the approval of the Reviewing Agency. Where it is desired to reduce right-of-way to a minimum width, the right-of-way. plus easement. shall allow for construction and maintenance of the following as appropriate, sidewalks, planter strips. drainage facilities. sign placement. and also allow sidewalk. widening around mailbox locations. Oi subcollectors. installation of fixed objects. other than required above ground utility structures. greater than four inches in diameter within four feet of back of sidewalk shall not be permitted. 2.20 Access and Circulation Reauirements In order to provide a second access to a residential subdivision. short subdivision, binding site plan or planned unit development, no residential street shall serve more than 100 lots or dwelling units unless the street is connected in at least two locations with another street that functions at a level consistent with Sections 2.02 and 2.03. A The second access requirement may be satisfied through use of connecting a new street to an existing street in an adjacent neighborhood if: 1. i'k.J other practical alternative exists, or 2. Existing street was previously stubbed indicating intent for future access. or 3. M easement has been recorded specifically for said purpose. The second access requirement may not be satisfied through use of an existing roadway network in the existing adjacent neighborhood if: 1. A more practical alternative exists, or 2. Existing streets do not meet Section 203 These provisions are not intended to preclude the state statute on land-locking. B. This section does not preclude a commercial project from gaining access :hrough a residential development. Traffic rnpac:s for suc:1 p::ojects will be analyzed during :he SEPA process. 2.21 Exception for MaximuIT. Dwelling Cnits on •:rban Subcollectors Proposed sc.bcollectors serving new ·J::ban area deve1.op11•.er_ts with a_, average density of seven to eight dwelling units per acre and which meet: the access ;:equirements of Sec:ion 2.20 may serve un to 250 single- family dwelling un:.:s, if approved by the Reviewing Jl.ger.cy. Frioc to approval, the Reviewing Agency may recpire a traf:"ic ciccula:ion study showing a balanced traffic flow of less than 1500 vebcles ner day past any access point. Street trees s:1a~l be mardatcry along SJbccllectors servi:-ig higter dens:_t:.es of seven to eight dwelling units per acre and shall be in codormance wi:h Section 5.03. 23 CHAPTER 3. DRIVEWAYS WALKS. &. TRAILS 3 01 Driveways A. Dimensions, slope, and detail shall be as indicated in Drawings No. 2-001. 3-003. 3-004. 3-005 and 3-006, as further specified in the following subsections. See Section 2.13 for entering sight distance requirements. B. Conditions for Approval of New Driveways: 1. Driveways directly giving access onto arterials may be denied if alternate access is available. 2. Al I abandoned driveway areas on the same frontage shall be removed and the curbing and sidewalk, or shoulder and ditch section, shall be properly restored. 3. Maintenance of driveway approaches shall be the responsibility of the owner whose property they serve. 4. For a commercial establishment on a shoulder and ditch type road, where development of adjoining lands and highway traffic assume urban characteristics as determined by the Reviewing Agency, the frontage shall be finished with curb. gutter, and sidewalk, with pipe drainage. all in accordance with these Standards. Alternatively, the Reviewing Agency may 5. require the entire frontage area to be graded and paved to the right-of-way line with asphalt or portland cement concrete. In such case, surface drainage shall be intercepted and carried in a closed system as set forth in Chapter 7. Access shall be limited by means of a six-inch curbing. See Extruded Asphalt or Cement Concrete Curb detail, Drawing No. 3-002. For driveways crossing an open ditch section. culverts shall be adequately sized to anticipated stormwater flows and in no case be less than 12 inches in diameter. The owner making the installation shall be responsible for determining proper pipe size Reviewing Agency may require the owner to verify the adequacy of pipe size. carry property The C. Location and Width of NeN Driveways. Refer to Drawing No. 3-006. 1. A residential driveway shall typically serve only one parcel. A driveway serving more than one parcel shall be classed as a commercial driveway or a private street, except as provided in 3.a. and 3.b. below. 2. 01 frontages 75 feet or less, no more than one driveway per lot shall be constructed: on frontages over 75 feet. two or more driveways per lot may be permitted, subject to approval by the Reviewing Agency 3. No portion of driveway width shall be allowed within 5 feet of side property lines in residential areas or 9 feet in commercial areas except as follows: a. A joint use driveway tract may be used to serve two parcels: (I) Minimum tract width in urban areas shall be 20 feet with an 18 foot paved surface, cross slope in one direction and curb or thickened edge on one side. Minimum tract length shall be 20 feet from right-of-way line. Radius returns on paved apron shall have JO-foot radii. (2) Minimum t~3ct width in rliral 3reas shall be 20 forot; 30 feet if a ditch is req"ired. Minimum tract lrong"h shall be 20 feet o,om right-of-way line. Radius retlirns on p3ved 3pron sh3ll ,3ve JO-foot radii. (3) Driving surface (rural areas) shall be 18 feet, paved or gravel, with a paved apron from the edge of pavement of intersecting street to right-of-way line. (4) The Reviewing Agency may allow use of an easement if the only access to a serving roadway is through an adjace,t parcel not owned by the applicant or for urban residential short plats to s3tisfy minimum lot width requirements. b. Driveways may utilize full width of narrow "pipe-stem" parcels or easements if approved by Reviewing Agency. c. On cul-de-sac bulbs as necessary for proposed residential access. 4. Grade transitions, oixcluding the tie tc the roadway, shall be constructed as smooth vertical curves. Ties to the roadw3y shall bm constructed as shown in Drawings 3-003 and 3-004. The maximum change in driveway grade, within the right-of-way, shall be 8% wilhin any 10 feet of distance on a crest and 12% within any JO feet of distance in a sag vertical curve. Driveway shall be graded to match into possible future widened road section without encroachmront into graded shoulder or sidewalk. The design engineer for proposed developmoints shall consider the access driveway profile when designing the serving road to ensure that recuired gr3de transitions can be complied with considering building set back and lot te~rain coocitions. 5. Driveways in rolled c~rb sections may bro ccnst,uctrod abutting and flush with sidewalk or back of curb without g3p~ing or b•m,ing hoiight cf cu,b. D. Existing driveways may be reconstructed as they exist provided such reconstruction is compatible with the adjacent road. E. For cornmoirci 31 o, indust,i al dri ve-3ys with he3vy t,3ffi c vol urnes or significant numJ~,s cf .1,ucks, thm Rmviewinq Agmncy m3y rroquire construction of the 3ccess as a ,03d inte,section. I Ois 25 F. requirement will be based on traffic engineering analysis submitted by tWe applicant that considers among other factors, intersection spacing, sight distance and traffic volumes. Notwithsta~ding 3ny other ]r<ovisions, driveways will not be al lowed where they are prohibited by separate C0 unty council ac.Oicn or< where they are determined by the Engineer or Reviewing Agency to create a h3zard er impedm the operation of traffic on the rc3dway. 3.02 Concrete Sidewalks A. Shall be required on urban category, curb and gutter type streets as follows: 1 On all arteri3ls, neighborhood ccllectcrs, subcollructors, multiplm'1Jwelling 3rnd businmss access sOrmmts, both sides. 2. On subaccess streets and industrial access streets, one side. 3. On minor access streets {commercial), both sides unless alternative routes are provided for pedestrians. 4. On minor accrnss strmmts (residenti3l) exceeding 50 feet and on any cul-de-sacs with off-street W3l k...ays extending from their tmrmi ni to other strmruts, parks, schools, bus stops, or other pedestrian traffic generators, onm side. On cul-de-sacs, sidewalks shall extend around bulb to intrursect off-street walkw3y. Other ruxtended off-street walkways may be required by t~e RruVimwing Agency to provice dirmct connections for ease and safety of pedesOri ans. B. Shall be constructed: 1. Next to the curb unless planting strips 3rm part of thru dmsign 3rnd 3re approved by the Engineer as part of a landscaping plan. 2. Back of planting strips where planting strips are to be constructed. 3. At least five feet widm on rrusidential and commercial accruss strruets. This mmans fivm feet clear of mailboxes o, othrur obstructions, except wherru 3p1roved as a variance. Width shall be minimum six and onru-Galf neet on arbrials if curb is nillx0 to traveled Done {but not necessary next lo designated parking or bike lanws). The addition3l width, one anc one-half feet or more, may bru finished to match the sidwwalk ~r may be finished with contnsting textur(l), asphalt concrrute, brick, or paving blocks as approved by 1.hm Rruviewin3 Ag,ncy or Enginmer. 4. At least eight feet wide: a. In business/commercial districts where most of the store frontage is within 80 feet of the street right-of-way. 26 b. Within the curb radius returns of all arterial intersections where curb ramps are required. c. Within designated bus zones to provide a landing area for wheel chair access to transit services. 5. With specified width greater than eight feet where Engineer or Reviewing Agency determines this is warranted by expected pedestrian traffic volume. 6. With portland cement concrete surfacing as provided in Sections 3.03 and 4.01. See specifications for joints in Section 3.04 and Drawing No. 3-001. 3.03 Curbs, Gutters and Sidewalks A. Subgrade compaction for curbs, gutters, and sidewalks shall meet a minimum 90 percent of maximum density. B. Concrete for curbs, gutters, and sidewalks shall be Class 3000, furnished and placed in accordance with WSDOT/APWA Standard Specifications, Sections 6-02, 8-04, and 8-14. Cold weather precautions as set forth in WSDOT/APWA Standard Specifications Sections 5-05.3(14) and 6-02.3(6)A shall apply. C. Extruded cement concrete curb shall be anchored to existing pavement by either steel tie bars or adhesive in conformance with WSDOT/APWA Standard Specification Section 8-04. D. Extruded asphalt curbs shall be anchored by means of a tack coat of asphalt in accordance with WSDOT/APWA Standard Specification Section 8-04. 3.04 Expansion and Dummy Joints. See Drawing No. 3-001. A. An expansion joint consisting of 3/8" or 1/4" x full depth of premolded joint material shall be placed around fire hydrants, poles, posts, and utility castings and along walls or structures in paved areas. Joint material shall conform to the requirements of ASTM D994 (AASHTO M33). B. A dummy joint consisting of 3/8'' or 1/4" x 2" of premolded joint material shall be placed in curbs and sidewalks at a minimum of 15 foot intervals and at sides of drainage inlets. When curbs and/or sidewalks are placed by slip-forming, a premolded strip up to 1/2" thick and up to full depth may be used. C. Dummy joints in sidewalk shall be located so as to match the joints in the curb whether sidewalk is adjacent to curb or separated by planting strip. D. Tool marks consisting of 1/4" V-grooves shall be made in sidewalk at five foot intervals, intermediate to the dummy joints. 27 E. f!,.s alternative to expansion Joints around structures. reinforcing bars may be embedded in concrete on four sides of structures. F. Interface between curb and adjacent sidewalk on integral pour construction shall be formed with J/4" radius edging tool. 01 separate pour construction an expansion Joint consisting of 3/8" or 1/4" x full depth of premolded joint material shall be placed between the curb or thickened edge and the adjacent sidewalk. 3 05 Curb Ramps 01 all streets with vertical or rolled curb, ramped sections to facilitate passage of handicapped persons shall be constructed through curb and sidewalk at street intersections and other crosswalk locations. See Drawings No. 4-002 and 4-003. Where a ramp is constructed on one side of the street, a ramp shall also be provided on the opposite side of the street. Curb ramps shall be positioned so that a ramp opening is situated within the marked crosswalk or crossing area if unmarked. 3.06 Concrete Steps, Metal Handrail and Handicapped Access Ramps A. Steps shall only be used where acceptable alternative access is available for handicapped access and there is a need for a separate stairway. Where used, concrete steps shall be constructed in accordance with Drawing No. 5-008 or other design acceptable to the Engineer or Reviewing Agency and consistent with the WSDOT/APWA Standard Specifications Handrails, whether for steps or other applications, shall be provided consistent with Drawing No. 5-008 and the WSDOT/APWA Standard Specifications B. Ramps used to provide handicapped access shall have a maximum slope of 12:1 with a maximum rise of 30 inches between landings. Landings shall have a minimum length of five feet and should be of sufficient width to allow wheelchairs to pass, generally five feet minimum width for two way traffic. 3.07. Asphalt Shoulders A. In urban areas, asphalt paved shoulders may be used where approved by the Engineer or Reviewing Agency on existing roads to provide for bicycle and pedestrian use as specified In Section 1.038 and to provide continuity of design. When allowed. paved shoulders shall be placed in conformance with .Sections 2.02 and 2 03. B. In rural areas, asphalt paved shoulders which may serve as walkways and bikeways, shall be provided on both sides of any arterials or other roads designated in the King County Nonmotorized Transportation Plan or as directed by the Engineer or Reviewing Agency. C Where shoulders are paved on one side only, they shall be delineated by a four-inch white thermoplastic edge line. 3.08 Separated Walkways, Bikeways and Trails Separated P"d"strian, bicycle and "qu,.strian trails shall b• provided where designated in community and function3l pl3ns or where required by the <ngineer or Reviewing Agency because of anticipated significant public w3age. Separated facilities are typically l 0 cated on an <asement or within th" right-of-way when separatec from the roadway b~ a drai11age ditch or b3rrier. Wha,re separate walkways, ~ikeways, or equestri3~ trails in,,.rsect With motorized traffic, sight•· stance, marking and sign31ization (if warrautecl shall be as praviC:ed in MUTCD. Faciliti"s sha17' be designed as follows: A. Separated asphalt walkways are the right-of-way or easement. in Section 4.010. designed primarily for pedestrians and are typically located within Minimum width shall be five feet with asphalt surfacing as indicated B. Neighborhood pathways are so ft surf3ce f3c i l it i es designed for pedesfr i ans a-d equestrians. Such pathways shall be a minimum four fe,.t Wice with at least one and one-Oalf ;;0°t clearance to obstructions on both sides and 10 foot vertical clearance. Pathways shall be, designed and located so as to avoid drainage and erosion problems. Pathways shall be constructed c;; two and on~-half inches of crushed surfacing top course or wood chips over cleared nativc mata,~ial as approved by the Reviewing Agency. C. Multi-purposru trails are ty~ically designated for bicycle and pedestrian ws" and in general ~ollow a right-of-way indep~ndent frooi any road. Multi-purpose trails sh3ll b~ design~d to bic::,cle path standards as describrud in SDction 3.10. 3.09 School Access School access required as part of development approval shall be provided by an asphalt walkway, concrete sidewalk or fwll width delineated shoulder unless another alternative is available and approved by the Engineer through a road variance request. 3.10 Bikeways A. 3ikeways ar~ generally shared with other transportation modes, although they may be providDd exclusively for bicycle use. Bikeways are categorized below based on degree of separation from moto~ v~hicles and other transportation modes. This classification does not denote pr~fereuce cf one ()_fvpe over another. Bikeways are categorized as follows: Bike Path (Class!): A se-uarate other nonmotori2ed mC<les. should be 12 ~eet wi~. paved multipurpose trail for the principal use of bicycles and Bike paths are 10 feet wid> except in high usage areas where they Bike Lane (Class II): A portion of the road that is designated by pavement striping for exclusive bicycle use. Bicycle lanes may be signed as part of a directional route system. Bicycle lanes are five feet wide on a curbed road and minimum four feet wide as a shoulder bike lane 29 Wide Curb Lane (Class Ill): A road that provides a widened paved outer curb lane to accommodate bicycles In the same lane as motor vehicles. Lane width shall be increased at least three feet Shoulder: A lane contiguous to the traveled way but separated by a stripe. Most oomrmn in rural areas. Typically shared with pedestrians and occasional emergency vehicle access. Shared Roadway: Al I roads not categorized above where bicycles share the roadway with motor vehicles. B. A bikeway shall be provided: 1. Wherever called for in the Nonmotorized Transportation Plan. King County Transportation Plan. King County Comprehensive Plan. community plan, Capital Improvement Program or Transportation Needs Report. 2. VVl'er1 substantial bike usage is expected which would benefit from construction of a bicycle facility. C Striping and signing shall be implemented as follows 1. Pavement markings shall be used on bike lanes and paths according to MUTm. 2. The design of a 11 signalized intersections shall cons'ider bicycle usage and the need for bicyclists to actuate the signal. D. The planning and design of bikeways in any category shall be In accordance with Section 1020 of the W'IXJT Design Manual and the AASHTO Guide for the Development of Bicycle Facilities, current edition. 3.11 Equestrian Facilities A. Equestrian facilities adjacent to the traveled way shall be provided where proposed by the King County Nonmotorized Transportation Plan or as required by the Engineer or Reviewing Agency. Facilities shall be provided as follows 1. Shoulders adjacent to the traveled way intended for equestrian use shall be surfaced full-width. minimum four feet with eight feet desirable. Surface shall be two and one-half inches of crushed surfacing base course and one and one-half inches of crushed surfacing top course. 2. A seua:ated equesL'.an trail shall be cc:is:ructed with a:i 18 perce:it maximum grade, :D-fcct ve:::dcal clear2nce and a five-foot wide pathway zone. The trail shall be consLucted of ra:i ve soil or, where drair.age or ercs'.on problems are present, a mir.imurr. of two ar.d one-hd f inches of crusied surfaci:ig top course or. graded and co11pacted native soil. Na:ive scil whic"1 is no: free draining sha~l :Je removed anci replaced with free d:::aining soil as necessary to provide a maintainable a:id well -dra'.ned subgrade, Additional crushed su:facing, cinders or other stabilizir.g mate:ials sr.all be :::ec:uired if heavy usage '.s anticipa:ed or if t:1ere is any evidence cf instability '.a the subgrade; ir.ckdi:ig-free watec, swamp conditic:is, fine-g:::ained or orgaric sc'.ls, s:'.des or uneven :ra'.ls. CHAPTER 4. SURFACING 4.01 Residential Streets, Pedestrian and Bike: Th* minimum paved section, with ajlernative combinations of materials, for residential stre*t,, shoulders, sidew3lks and bikeways shall Je aj indica 0 ed below. These sections arru acceptablm only on v;sually good, well-crained, stable compacte: suigrade. Any proposed exception Go these m3trurials will be subject to soils strength trusting and traff,c loading analysis and subject lo rruview anc approval by the Enginerur as outlined in Section 4.02 brulow. All expenses for determinim revis~d materia Is shall be borne by the Developer. TYPE OF FACILITIES A. RESIDENTIAL ACCESS STREETS Alternative I Alternative I I Alternative I II ASPHALT CONCREH.: 2"(3"*) 2"(3"*) (Acceptable for rural areas, transitional areas, and design3ted agricultural production districts only, on grades not steeper tH3n 12 percent) Alternative IV Alternative V (Acceptable on rural minor access streets) . . . . *On neighborhood collructors B. SHOULDERS Alternative I Alternative II Alternative III Alternative IV *On bus routes C. SIDEWALKS Alternative I (Acceptable except behind rolled curb) 2" (3"*) 2" (3"*) ASPHALT TREATED BASE 4" 4" 32 BITUMINOUS SURFACE IREATM~tH Class A Class A CRUSHED SURF. TOP (OURSE l i I! ll" ll" ll" It" ]j" CRUSHED SURF. BASE COURSE . 5" .511 2!" Zi II ZJ" Zj" PORTLAND CEMENT CONC_R[TE Class 4000. 7" (8"*) Class 3000, 4" 1YPE CF FACILITIES Alternative II ASPHALT CQ\lffiETE ASPHALT TREATED B/lSE BITUMINOUS SURFAOE TREATMENT ffiJSI-ED SURF. TCP CD.RE CRLGHED SURF. B/lSE CD.RE PORllPND ffilB\!T cx:::N'.RETE (Mandatory behind rolled .......... Class 3000, 5" curb) · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · D. Wr,mft/AYS & BIKEWAYS Alternative I Alternative II Alternative Ill Alternative IV Alternative V 2" 3 l" Class A . .... (may be used as shown on DNg. No. 1-005 and 1-006 or where approved by Reviewing Agency). ll" ll" 2" 2 ! " 2 i LI . Class 3000, 5" Wren a walkway or bikeway is incorporated into a road shoulder, the required shoulder section, if higher strength, shall govern. Subgrade compaction for bikeways and paved walkways shall meet a minimum of 90 percent maximum density. E. DRIVEWAYS may be surfaced as desired by the owner, except: 1. On curbed streets with sidewalks, driveway shall be paved with portland cement concrete Class 4000 from curb to back edge of sidewalk. See Drawings No. 3-004 and 3-005. 2. On shoulder and ditch section, driveway between edge of pavement and right-of-way line shall be surfaced as required by Drawing No. 3-003. 3. On thickened edge roadways with underground utilities, portland cement concrete may be used for driveways between the thickened edge and the right-of-way line provided that a construction joint is installed at the right-of-way line. F. STREET WIDENING/ADDING TRAVELED 1/1/'¥ TO EXISTING FU'\JJS 1. V'vten an existing asphalt paved street is to be widened, the edge of pavement shall be saw cut to provide a clean, vertical edge for Joining to the new asphalt. After placement of the new asphalt section, the joint shall be sealed and the street overlaid one inch, plus a pre level course, fu 11 width throughout the widened area. The requirement for overlay may be waived by the Engineer or Reviewing Agency based on the condition of existing pavement and the extent of required changes to channelization. 2. When an existing shoulder is to become part of a proposed tr3veled way 3 ~avement evaluation shall be performed. This evaluation shall analyze the structur3l capacity a11c Cetermine any need for improvement. Designs based on these evaluations 3re subjruct to review and approval by the Engineer or Reviewing Agency. The responsibility for any shoulder material thicknruss improvement shall be considered part of the requirement for roadway widening. The sho11ldru~ sh31 l be replaced in width as specified in Sections 2.02, 2.03 and 2.04. 3 Any widruning of an ruxisting -oadww, ruithrur· b add .~r3velrud W(J.l a~ pavmd shculdm~ shall h3vm thru same s11~f3cing rntillrial 3S tom exis~iri~ rc3dway. 4.02 Requirements for Residential Streets on Poor Subgrade The minimum material thicknesses indicated in Section 4 01 are !JOi acceptableif I.here is 3ny evidencru of instability in the subgrade. This includes fre~ water, swamp conditions, fineg rained or organic soi , slides or uneven settlement. If there are any of these characteristics, the g:j l shall be sampled an tested sufficiently to establish a pavement design that will support the proposed construction. Any deficiencies, including an R value of less l.h3n 55 er a CBR of less than 2C, shall be fully considered in the design. Remedial measures may include, but are not limited to, 3 stronger paved section, a strengthening of subgrade by adding or substituting fr3ctured ag3reg3te, asphalt trru3ted base, nsta ling a geotextile, more extensive drainage or a combination of such mtcasures. Both the soils test r port and the resulting pavement design will be subject to review 3nd approval by th~ Enginerur or Reviewi g Agency. 4 03 Arterials and Commercial Access Streets Any pavement for arterials and commercial access streets shall be designed using currently accepted methodology that considers the load bearing capacity of the soils and the traffic-carrying requirements of the roadway. Plans shall be accompanied by a pavement thickness design based on soil strength parameters reflecting actual field tests and traffic loading analyses. The analysis shall include the traffic volume and axle loading, the type and thickness of roadway materials and the recommended method of placement. Pavement sections shall not be less than those required for neighborhood collectors . . 04 Materials & Lay-Down Procedures: Shall be in accordance with WSDOT/APWA Standard Specifications and the following requirements: A. Crushed surfacing top 3nd b3se courses m(J.l be substituted for a structurally equivalent thickness of ATB. The substitution r3tio of crushed surfacing to ATB shall be 1.6:1. Where base or top courses c3nnot be placwd without possiblru contamination, then thruse ccurses shall be substituted by ATB. B. During surfacing activities utility covers in roadway shall be adjusted in accordance with Section 8.04. C. ATB may be used over isolated areas of unstable subgrade, providing the final lift of asphalt shall not be placed for a minimum of six months to allow time for the observation and repair of failures in the subgrade and ATB. 34 D. Asphalt pavers shall be self contained, power propelled units. considered self propelled. Truck mounted pavers shall only be or minor areas as approved by the Engineer, or as follows: 1. pavement widths less than eight feet; and 2. pavement lengths less than 150 feet. 4.05 Pavement Markings, Markers, and Pavement Tapers Truck mounted type pavers are not used for paving of irregularly shaped Pavement markings, markers or striping shall be used and longitudinal lines to control or guide traffic. approved by the Traffic Engineer. to delineate channelization, lane endings, crosswalks Channelization plans or crosswalk locations shall be Channelization shall be required when through traffic is diverted around a lane or obstacle; and when connecting full width streets with different cross sections; and when extending an existing street with a new cross section different than the existing one. The channelization shall provide tapers equal in length to the posted speed limit times the distance in feet of diversion from the road centerline or the original alignment of travel, or the offset distance, as applicable. Channelization shall also be required to redirect traffic back to their original alignment. Left turn channelization shall include a minimum of 150 feet of full width lane to include storage and a reverse curve 90 feet in length for posted speeds up to 45 mph. The reverse curve shall be 120 feet in length for posted speeds greater than 45 mph. The reverse curve may be included within the taper distance. A deceleration taper as shown in the WSDOT/APWA Standard Plans may be used in place of a reverse curve. Standard left turn lanes shall be 12 feet wide. Type 2L arrows shall be installed in the lane 25 feet and 100 feet behind the stop bar, crosswalk or stopping area. Additional storage may be required for long vehicles or anticipated left turn queues longer than the minimum storage. Centerline for channelization shall consist of two four-inch yellow lines with a four-inch separation. Type 2d lane markers shall be installed at 40 foot centers between the lines. Holding lines for additional lanes shall be eight-inch white lines with Type 2e lane marker on the inside of the lane at 20 foot centers. Edgelines for tapering thru traffic back to the original alignment shall consist of four- inch white lines. Pavement markings for channelization shall be reflectorized hot or cold applied plastic. Extruded or sprayed markings shall be dressed with glass beads for initial reflectance. All materials shall have beads throughout the material to maintain reflectance while the material wears. Where pavement widening less than 300 feet in length is abruptly ended and edge lines do not direct traffic to through lanes, Type 2e lane markers shall be installed at 10 foot centers near the end of the paved area at a 10:1 taper. 35 Crcsswalks sha~l be installed at all by the Traffic Engineer. Crosswalks fee: and with eig;~t-inch separaLcn. the whee~ tracks :.n ead: lar.e anci a: i:itersectior.s c::m:roLec: by :raff:.c sigr.a 1 s ad otr_er areas a.pp::oved shall cms:cs: of se:s of longituciinal lir.es e:.cf1t inches wide by lU A se: of :hese ::.nes sb:l: be installec: between eac'1 lane, between L1e pavement edges. i\11 paveme:it markings s:iall be laid ou: with spray pane a:id appro•:ed :iy be :'ra.:Lc E'lc:i:1eer befc1·e t:iey are installed. A.pproval may require 2 :hree wcrki:ig ciay acivance rntice to :1ave :ield lay-od apornved b; :Le Traffic ~ngir,eer or to make arrangements to meet :he :'::a""ic E:19:.r.ee::: o:" si:.e dl:r'ng the ir:sta~latim. CHAPTER 5. ROADSIDE FEATURES 5.01 Rock Facings A. Rock facings may be used for the protection of cut or fill embankments up to a maximum height of eight feet above the keyway in stable soil conditions which will result in no significant foundation settlement or outward thrust upon the walls. Smm Drawing Nos. 5-004 throwgh 5-006. For mei3hts over eight feet above the keyway or when soil is unstable, a structural wall of acceptablru drusign shall be used. As an exception, rock facing heights may exceed eight feet to a limited extent based on favorable soils analyses and a design by a geotechnical enginerur or othmr professional engineer qualified in rock wall design, subject to approval by the Engineer. Tmrracing of rockerirus subject to approval by the Engineer. B. Materials 1. Size categories shall include: Two-man rocks (200 to 700 pounds), 18"-28" in average dimension; Three-man rocks (701 to 2000 pounds), Z8-36" in averagru dimension; and Four-man rocks (2001 to 4000 pounds), 06-48" in averagru dimension. Four-man rocks shall be used for bottom course rock in all rock facings over six feet in height. 2. The rock material shall be •s nearly rectangular as possible. No stone shall be used which does not extend through the wall. The quarried trap rock shall be hard, sound, durable and free from weathered portions, seams, cracks and other defects. The rock density shall be a minimum of 160 pounds per cubic foot, measured according to WSDOT Test Method 107 (Bulk Specific Gravity -S.S.D. basis). Additionally, rock subjected to the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Test Method CRD-C-148 ( "Method of Testing Stone for Expansive Breakdown on Soaking in Ethylene Glycol") must have less than 15 percent breakdown. C. Keyway A keyway consisting of a shallow trench of minimum 12-inch depth shall be constructed t"e full rockery length, and slightly inclirned towards the face being protected. It shall be ruxcavatrud the full rockery width including the reek filter layer. The keyway subgrade shall be firm 3nd acceptable to the engineer. See Drawing No. 5-004. D. Underdrains 1. A minimum six-inch diameter perforated or slotted drain pipe shall be placed in a shallow excavated trench located along the inside edge of the keyway. The pipe shall be bedded on and surrounded by "Gravel Backfill for Drains" (WSDOT/APWA 9-03.12(4)) to a minimum height of 18 37 inches above bottom of pipe. A filter fabric shall surround the gravel backfill and shall have a minimum one-foot overlap along the top surface of the gravel. This requirement for fabric may be waived by the Engineer if shown that soils and water conditions make it unnecessary. See Drawing Nos. 5-004 through 5-006. 2. The perforated pipe shall be connected to the storm drain system or to an acceptable outfall. E. Rock Selection and Placement: Rock selection and placement shall be such that there will be m1n1mum voids and, in the exposed face, no open voids over six inches across in any direction. The final course shall have a continuous appearance and be placed to minimize erosion of the backfill material. The larger rocks shall be placed at the base of the facing so that it will be stable and have a stable appearance. The rocks shall be placed in a manner such that the longitudinal axis of the rock shall be at right angles to the face. The rocks shall have all inclined faces sloping to the back of the facing. Each course of rocks shall be seated as tightly and evenly as possible on the course beneath. The rocks shall be placed so that there are no continuous joint planes either horizontally or vertically. After setting each course of rock, all voids between the rocks shall be chinked on the back with quarry rock to eliminate any void sufficient to pass a two-inch square probe. See Drawing Nos. 5-004 through 5-006. F. Rock Filter Layers: The rock filter layer shall consist of quarry spalls with a maximum size of four inches and a minimum size of two inches. This material shall be placed to a 12-inch minimum thickness between the entire facing and the cut or fill material. The backfill material shall be placed in lifts to an elevation approximately six inches below the top of each course of rocks as they are placed, until the uppermost course is placed. Any backfill material on the bearing surface of one rock course shall be removed before setting the next course. G. Fill Rockery Facing Supporting Roadway Embankment: Embankment behind rockeries exceeding four feet in height above the keyway shall be reinforced with a geosynthetic fabric or geogrid specifically manufactured for soil reinforcement, designed on a project specific basis by a qualified engineer. See Drawing No. 5-007. H. Sidewalks Above Rockery Facings: When a sidewalk is to be built over a rock facing, the top of the facing shall be sealed and leveled with a cap constructed of cement concrete Class 3000 in accordance with the applicable provisions of Section 6-02 of the WSDOT/APWA Standard Specifications, but with reduced water content resulting in slump of not over two inches. See Drawing No. 5-006. I. Fences and Handrails A chain link fence or metal handrail shall be installed when rockery is three feet or greater in height. (See Drawing Nos. 5-004 through 5-006 and 5-008) 38 5.02 Side Slopes A. Side slopes shall general~y be constrwcted no steeper Lh3n 2:1 on both fill slopes and cut slopes. Steepe~ slopes may be 3pproved by the Engineet< Ul)on showin3 that the stee1Jet< slol)es, based on soils 3nalyses, will be sta(l)le. Side slopes on projmdls funded "Y fadenl gran:~s shalT be constructed in conformance with Locai Agency G,,idel ines. B. Side slopes shall be stabilized by grass sod or seeding or by other planting or surfacing materials acceptable to the Engineer. 5.03 Street Trees & Landscaping A. Street trees and landsc3ping shculd be incorporatllld into the design of rD3d improvements fer all classifications of roads. Such landsc3ping in thlll right-of-way shall be coordinated with off-stree landscaping required on deve l opa,r' s propet<ty under the provisions of King County Code Ch3ptrur 21. 51 B. Planting strips arm ol)tion3l along all classifications of roads and may be considered as part of the landscape mitigation requirements established during the SEPA review process. The design of planting strips must lJe approved by the Engineer and must include a landscaping plan in which plant maintenance, utilitims and traffic safety requirements are discussed. C. Existing trees and landscaping shall be preserved where desirable and placement of new trees shall be compatible with other features of the environment. In particular, maximum heights and spacing shall not conflict unduly with overhead utilities, or root development with underground utilities. If street tt<ees are planted, they shall conform reasonably to standards in Drawing No. 5-009. D. New trees shall not include ~oplar, cot0onwood, soft m3ples, gum, any fruit bearing trees or any other tree or shrub whose roots are like7y to obstruct sanitary or storm sewers. See King County Code 13.04.230. E. Street tree plans on bus routes shall be reviewed by Metro Service Planning, phone 684-1622. 5. 04 Ma ii Boxes A. The responsibilities for location and installation of mailboxes in connection with the construction or reconstruction of County roads are as follows: 1. County Road Engineer or his representative will: a. Require road improvement plans, whether for construction by the Department of Public Works or by a private builder, to show clearly the designated location or relocation of mailboxes, whether single or in clusters. 39 b. Require with this information any necessary widening or reconfiguration of sidewalks with suitable knock-outs or open strips for mailbox posts or pedestal. c. Require these plans to bear a statement on the first sheet that mailbox locations as shown on these plans have been coordinated with the serving post office at (City/Community), Washington. This will be a prerequisite to plan approval. d. Require construction of mailbox locations in accordance with these plans, through usual inspection and enforcement procedures. 2. Seattle Postmaster or designated serving post office will: a. Designate location and manner of grouping of mailboxes when so requested by the design agency. Note on the plans the type of mailbox delivery: NDCBU (Neighborhood Delivery and Collection Box Unit), or Rural type box. Authenticate by stamp or signature when these data have been correctly incorporated into the plans. b. Do all necessary coordination with owners or residents involved to secure agreement as to mailbox location and to instruct them regarding mailbox installation. Actually install or relocate NDCBU's if these are the type of box to be used in the neighborhood. 3. Owners or residents served by mailboxes, at time of original installation, will: a. If using individual mailboxes, clustered or separate, install and thereafter maintain their own mailboxes as instructed by the post office. b. If NOCBU delivery, rely on Post Office to provide and maintain NDCBU's. 4. Builders or their contractors shall: a. Where there are existing mailboxes and no plans to replace them with NDCBU's: When it becomes necessary to remove or otherwise disturb existing mailboxes within the limits of any project, install the boxes temporarily in such a position that their function will not be impaired. After construction work has been completed, reinstall boxes at original locations or at new approved locations as indicated on the plans or as directed by the Engineer or Reviewing Agency. Use only existing posts or materials except that any damage caused by the builder or his contractor is to be repaired at the expense of the builder. b. Where there are existing NDCBU's or plans to install NDCBU's: Call on Seattle Postmaster or designated serving post office to locate or relocate NDCBU's and make the necessary installation. 40 B. Installation methods are as follows: I. Mailboxes, in the general case, shall be set in accordance with Drawing No. 5-010 or 5-011. Boxes shall be clustered together when practical and when reasonably convenient to the houses served. 2. NDCBU's will be installed by the Postal Service generally in accordance with Drawing No. 5- 012. 5.05 Street Illumination Continuous illumination will be required for channelization accommodating additional lanes including the tapers. Illumination will also be required as identifiers where roads intersect arterials or for frequently used pedestrian areas on arterials. Widening of arterials with existing continuous illumination will require maintaining the continuous illumination. Widening to the ultimate roadway width will require illumination designed to current construction practices. Illumination intensity and uniformity shall conform with current King County design practices. Luminaire fixtures shall be consistent with fixtures maintained by the local electrical utility. 5.06 survey Monuments A. All existing survey monuments which are disturbed, lost, or destroyed during surveying or building shall be replaced by a land surveyor registered in the State of Washington at the expense of the responsible builder or developer. B. Survey monuments shall be placed or replaced in accordance with recognized good practice in land surveying, and in conformance with Drawings No. 5-014 and 5-015. 5.07 Roadway Barricades Temporary and permanent barricades shall conform to the standards described in Section 6C-8 of the Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD) and Drawing No. 5-003. A. Type I or Type II barricades may be used when traffic is maintained through the area being constructed/reconstructed. B. Type III barricades may be used when roadways and/or proposed future roadways are closed to traffic. Type 111 barricades may extend completely across a roadway (as a fence) or from curb to curb. Where provision must be made for access of equipment and authorized vehicles, the Type Ill barricades may be provided with movable sections that can be closed when work is not in progress, or with indirect 41 openings that w i 11 discourage public entry. Where job site access is provided through the Type III barricades, the developer/contractor shall assure proper closure at the end of each working day. C. In the general case. Type Ill permanent barricades shall be installed to close arterials or other through streets hazardous to traffic. They shall also be used to close off lanes where tapers are not sufficiently delineated. D. Type III barricades shall be used at the end of a local access street terminating abruptly without cul-de-sac bulb or on temporarily stubbed off streets. Each such barricade shall be used together with an end-of-road marker. 5.08 Bollards \1\/ren necessary to deny motor vehicle access to an easement. tract. or trail, except for maintenance or emergency .vehicles, the point of access shall be closed by. a line of bollards. These shall include one or more fixed bollards on each side of the traveled way and removable, locking bollards across the traveled way. Spacing shall provide one bollard on center1ine of trail and other bollards spaced at minimum 50 inches on center on trails 10 feet wide or less. Spacing shall be 60 inches on center on trails wider than 10 feet Bollard design shall be in accordance with Drawing No. 5-013 or other design acceptable to the Engineer or Reviewing Agency. No Ii re apparatus access roads shall be blocked in th is manner without the concurrence of the Fire Marshal. Bollards shall be located at least 10 feet laterally from the paved edge of roadway. 5.09 Guardrail/Embankment Heights Guardrail installations shall conform to WSDOT/APWA Standard Plan C-1, Beam Guardrail Type 1 and C-2, Guardrail Placement. End anchors shall conform to WSDOT/APWA Standard Plan C-6, Beam Guardrail Anchor Type 1. Evaluation of embankments for guardrail installations shall be in accordance with Figure 710-6 of the WDJr Design Manual. 5.10 Off-Street Parking Spaces The number of off-street parking spaces required shall conform to King County Code Title 21.50. The specifications for off-street parking spaces shall be as provided in King County Code Title 16.74 and implementing documeht entitled "King County Specifications for Off-Street Parking, 1982," as updated. 5. 11 Roadside Obstacles Non-yielding or non-breakaway structures, including rockeries and retaining walls. which may be potential hazards to the traveling public shall be placed with due regard to safety. 01 roads with a shoulder or mountable curb, hazardous objects shall be placed as close to the right-of-way I ine as practicable and a minimum of 10 feet from the edge of the traveled way or auxiliary lane. 01 urban roads with a vertical curb section, hazardous objects shall be placed as far from the edge of the traveled way or auxiliary lane as practical, Such an object shall not be placed in a sidewalk or with the object edge nearest the roadway less than eight and one-half feet from the face of the curb in business areas or five and one-half feet from face of curb in residential areas. Placement of any uti I ity structures shall be in accordance with requirements of Chapter 8, to include constraints on placement of poles on the outside of curves. 43 CHAPTER 6. BRIDGES 6.01 Principal References Except as specified below, King County bridges. whether on public roads or on private roads serving subdivided land, shall be designed and constructed to meet the minimum requirements set. forth in the latest edition, including all interim addenda. of "Standard Specifications for Highway Bridges," adopted by /lASHfO and in accordance with the requirements of WSDOT/APWA Standard Specifications. Bridge and approach railings shall be provided in accordance with those references or with WSDOT/APWA Standard Plans. All new bridges shall be designed to carry an /lASHfO H3 20-44 live load or greater. All bridge work shall comply with K.C.C. 21.54 regarding Special Control Areas and Flood Hazard Areas for stream and wetland protection and flooding concerns. 6.02 Bridqe Geometrics A In the general case, the bridge shall comprise the fu 11 width and configuration of the road being served --traveled way plus curb, sidewalks, walkway, bike lane, equestrian lane and/or shoulder on one or both sides. Requirements of utilities shall be duly considered. Bridge roadway width shall be measured between curbs or between faces of rails, whichever is less, but in no case shall be less than 28 feet B. \/1/heretypical speed is 35 MPH or higher and significant pedestrian, bike and/or horseback traffic can be expected. the Engineer may require that the lanes for these other modes of traffic be separated from motor vehicle traffic by use of a bridge traffic rail and further protected by a rail at outer edge. On designated bike routes, combination traffic and bicycle railings shall be used. C Approach railings shall be made structurally continuous with bridge railings and shall meet N>SiTO specifications as cited in Section 6.01 above. D. Overhead vertical clearances for motor traffic on the traveled way or under overpasses shall be 16.5 feet minimum. Vertical clearance of structures above a walkway or sidewalk shall be eight feet minimum and shall be 10 feet on designated equestrian routes. E. The height of bridge clearance above streams shall be as required by the Surface Water Design Manual. 6.03 Bridge Desiqn Criteria A Approach slabs will be required for all bridges and new bridge plans shall provide pavement seats for approach slabs unless otherwise approved by the Engineer. \/1/aiver or modification of the requirement for approach slabs w i 11 be considered only on the basis of adequate geotechnical analysis. Approach slabs shall be constructed in accordance with WSDOT/APWA Standard Plan A-2. B. New bridge decks and approach slabs shall be designed with a protective system to prevent corrosion of the reinforcing steel. C. Criteri~ under c::llier , ecogniz ,t o-oad and bridge project classifications, such as those of 3-R po-:::jects, set forth i" WSDOT :cal Agency Guidelines, may be applied under conditions deemed appropri~te by th~ ~ngineer. D. The design of bridge expansion joints shall consider the presence of bicycle traffic. 6.04 Special Permits Permit requirements for construction or reconstruction of bridges include but are not limited to the fo 11 owing: A. Bridges over navigable waters require U.S. Coast Guard permits. B. Bridges involving de11ositi:::n c::t 1113tec--13l in waters of the United States or their adjacent wetlands require a U. S. A~,ny Cc::o-ps :::f ~nginee:"s Permit. C. Any wo,-.k involving 31t~c--3tion c::f fl:w or bed materials below the ordinary high water line or 3ny water body o~ water co·,rs: req"· 'r"s a Hydraulic Project approval from the State Department ::of Fisheo-ies or the St~te De,,artment o;C; Wildlife. D. Any woc--k within waters :::1' the State o-coquio-~s 3 W3teo-Q"3lity C"c-t iic3tion Waiv.:oo-ro-orn the: St3te Departm,:,nt of Ecology. E. Where bridge structures lie on or over submerged l3"ds a le3se: ro-:m th: W3shington State Departmen· of Natural Resources may be necessary. F. Structures l:cated c:n shorc,line:· zon~s development ,ermit ~r:rn the King Coun subject to c:nc~o-renc: :f the State D s d:fin:d i• Ling County Code Title 25 require a substantial Dep3o-tme~t c::r Development and Environmental Services, 3o-tm~nt o~ ~c~logy. G. Bridges over waterways req·, ire: the Eng ,n=eo-' s a ppr: 1/31 or Ohe size and shape of the hydraulic opening, the height of the suµ=rstruct~r= ove" hig~ watcr, the location of piers, channel improvement, and other hydo-aul ,c c=nsider~tio11s. 45 CHAPTER 7. DRAINAGE 7. 01 General A. Designs: Drainage facilities shall be designed consistent with King County Code 9.04 and the King County Surface Water Design Manual, latest edition. Structures shall be placed and constructed as shown in the Standard Drawings. 8. Specifications: Specifications. Materials, construction, and testing are specified in the WSDOT/APWA Standard The Engineer may amend, delete, or add specifications or Standard Drawings. C. Conflicts: Where technical conflicts ~ay occur between this document and the Surface Water Design Manual the Engineer shall decide which document governs. 7.02 Road Ditches The following standards shall only apply in design of drainage ditches not requiring drainage review under the provisions of the Surface Water Design Manual. A. On grades up to ru percent, grass lined ditches with grasses as specified in 7.02D shall be used for the drainage requirement. These ditches shall be designed and constructed in accordance with Drawings No. 1-001, 1-004 and 1-007. If grass cannot be readily established by usual seeding method, other methods such as sodding or seeding with slope mat protections shall be used as necessary. For gradrus between 3 percent ~rnd 6 prurc~nt, grass lining alone may not be sufficient to stop erosiom. Prruferred methods to furthru, rruduce potential ~rosion problems include the use of check dams or widrur ditch sections. Rock-~inrud ditchrus shall be avoided whenever possible. 8. Where the grade is over 6 percent and not 8ver 9 percent, the Engineer may direct use of a standard rock-lined ditch or alternatively a closed (pipe) drainage system under a paved shoulder with asphalt curb or turnpike shoulder. As an exception, cul-de-sacs with over 6 percent grade shall be provided with pipe drainage and not with rock-lined ditches. I. Th~ s~3rndard cock lining shall be in accordance with the S1rf3cm W=;tmr rup,.sign '.3n13l and Section 9-13 0 of the WSDOT/APWA Standard Specifications. Rock ~r=;dation sha11 bm as follows: Passing 8-inch square sieve Passing 3-inch square sieve Passing 3/4-inch square sieve 100 percent 40 percent max. 10 percent max. 2. Rocks shall be placed so as to form a firm, dense, protective mat consistent with examples in Drawing No. 2-024 and conforming to the design surface of the ditch. Individual rocks shall not protrude more than three inches from that surface. 46 C. Where the grade exceeds 9 percent either pipe drainage or a special rock-lined ditch shall be provided unless otherwise approved by the Engineer. The special rock-lined ditch shall be designed by a professional engineer, based on soils and hydraulic analyses. Design shall include rock sizing, together with filter rock gradations and/or filter fabric, and be subject to approval by the Engineer. 0. Grass seed mixture by we ~ht may Je 10 percent Colonial bentgrass, 40 percemt Tall or Red fescue, 10% White clove~, hydros~md at IZO lbs./acre, handseed at 3 lbs./1,000 square feet. Where there is high groundwater, th~ fo I lowing species may be substituted er added: Meadow er Pacific foxtail, Timothy, or Redtop. 7.03 Storm Sewers and Culverts A. minimum pipe size shall be 12-inch diameter. Eight-inch diameter may be permitted on cross street Tater3ls less than 66 feet long to avoid utility conflict or meet shallow gradient. B. Where the time of concentration creating the greatest flow is less than 15 minutes and the system predominately serves the road, determine flow rates using the rational formula. C. Driveway culverts shall conform to Drawing No. 3-003. 0. The following pipes, specified in Section 9-05 of the wsru 0 T/APWA Sta~dard Specifications are allowed: plain and reinforced concrete storm sewer pipe, 3luminized ';'yll)e 2 corrugated steel, steel spiral rib and corrugated steel with asphalt coating Type I, spiral riJ and corrugated aluminum, ductile iron, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), lined corrugated roolyethylene ILCPE) and solid w3ll polyethylene (SWPE) pipe. E. LCPE pipe shall have a smooth interior wall meeting or exceedin3 Type Ill, Categcry 4 or 5, Grade P33 or P34, Class C per ASTM D1248, mini~um cell Class ASTM 033co, 324420(. LCP~ shall also meet or exceed the requirements of AASHTO M294, I ype S. Pipe sha 11 be p-;'aced in accordamce with Ccunty Specifications. F. SWPE p ·1:ie with maxi mum SOR of 32. 5, mini mum ce 11 Cl ass ASTM 03350, 334434C and meeting County Specif'~ations for ductile iron pipe with restrained mechanical joints may be used for cutfalls on steep slopes. G. PVC pipe shall require the use of bmdding aterial fer flruxible pipe specified in Section 9-03 of WSOOT/APWA Standard Specifications. H. LCPE and SWPE shall be bedded o-gravel backfill for pipe bedding as specified in Section 9-03 of WSOOT/APWA Standard Sprucifications. Above ground installation of SWPE does not require pipe bedding. 47 I. PVC, LCPE and SWPE shall be tested using the deflection test procedure describrnd in Section 7-17 .3 of the WSDOT/APWA Standat<d Specifications. Unless otherwise specified the man3rel for the deflection test shall have a minimum of nine runners equally spaced, a base lmngth equal to or less than the diameter of the pipe, and a diameter no less than 95 percrunt of the ~asm inside diameter of the pipe, which is described as follows: For ruipes with controlled inside diameter, PVC and SWPE: base inside diameter= average inside pipe diam.J"ter -((inside diameter tolerance)2 + (out of roundness tolerance)2 ) 5 • For SWPE up to 30-inch the above equation simplifies to: base inside diameter= nominal diameter x 0.9665. For pipes with controlled outside diameter, LCPE: base inside diameter= (average outside diameter -(2 x wall thickness)-((outside diameter tolerance)' + (12 percent x wall thickness)'+ (roundness tolerance)2 )·5 • Average diameter and tolerances shall be as specified by applicable.ASTM standards. Pipe sections failing the mandrel test shall be replaced except that reshaping SWPE and LCPE sections to meet requirements shall be allowed if the original deformation is less than 20 percent. J. Concrete pipe shall be t<U~ber gasketed and metal pipe shall be gasketed and securely banded. Leak testing shall bru conduc,nei:: if required by the Engineer. K. If the depth of a pipe exceeds eight feet or the Engineer questions the pipe selection, then the selection of pipe material must be made by a professional engineer. L. Bevel the projecting ends of culverts within the right-of-way. 7.04 Catch Basins and Junctions A. Catch basins shall be spaced no greater than 150 feet for grades less than one percent, 200 feet for grades between one and three percent; and 300 feet for grades three percent and greater. Where the width of the tributary road surface exceeds 35 feet, the cross slope exceeds four percent, or the IO-year, 24-hour rainfall exceeds three and one-half inches, catch basin spacing analysis is required, The analysis must show the depth of water at the edge of the traveled way does not exceed 0.12 feet or extend more than five feet into the traveled way for the IO-year storm event, using flows generated by the rational formula, B. Use catch basins, rather than inlets, to collect water from road surfaces, unless approved by the Engineer. 48 C Connect i ans to pi pru sys trums may be rn3dru ',iithout pl 3ci ng a c3tch basin or m3mhc l ru on thru m3 in 1 i n(l) by mrueting 311 of the followin3 conditions: I. The mainline pipe is 48 inches or greater and at least two times the size of the connecting pipe. 2. M3kru connections in accordance with the manufact~r~r' s recomm,rndat ions. Standard shop fabri c3ted trurus, wyes and saddles shall be used, ruxcrupt fer concrrutru pi pru connect ions cant.tr~ctrud in accordancru with Drawi n3 No. 2-002 3. There shall be a catch basin or manhole on the connecting pipe within two to ten feet of the external wall of the main line. See Drawing No. 2-002. 4. Offset angle of connecting pipe to mainline, horizontally and vertically, shall be less than 45 degrees. D. Connections to 3n existing systrum shall avoid directing project runoff through downstream quality/quantity control f3cilities. Receiving systems may have separate conveyance facilities: on(!) connecting to quality/qu3nt ty facilities and one by-passing them. Connection shall be to the byp3ss system where av3i l abfo. E. Use Type 2 catch basins where the depth to the invert of the pipe exceeds five feet. F. Manholes may be used in lieu of catch basins if they do not collect surface water. G. Roof and yard drains, or other concentrated flow from adjacent property shall not discharge over the surface of roadways or sidewalks. H. Catch basins or manholes are required when joining differing types of pipes. 7.05 Frames, Grates, and Covers A. Unless otherwise specified, use vaned grates with standard frame in the traveled way, gutter, or shoulder. Vaned grates shall not be located within cross walks, 8. At sag vertical curves, or before i~tersections with a grade 4% or greater, use through curb inlet frames. Where through curb inlets cannot be used, three vaned inlets shall be used. One shall be located at the approximate low point and another on either side at 25 foot horizontal spacing, but not greater than 0.1 foot above thru low point. C. Use rolled curb frame and (vaned} grates along rolled curbs and in asphalt turnpike shoulders. See Drawing No. 2-024. 49 D. New catch basins that do not collect runoff shall ~se locking ~anh:le cove~s. See Drawing No. 2· 022. Existing catch basins which no longer callee; runoff sh3;l have thmi~ f~ame and grates replaced with solid covers (See Drawing No. 2-015). E. All storm drain covers and grates shall be locking Manufacturer as approved by the Engineer. F. Slit drains may be used when 3p:~~ved by the Enginee~. basins at either end 11,l~ss use: ,s a driveway culve~t along a slit dr3in shail be 50 feet. 7.06 Erosion Control At a minimum slit drains shall have catch The maximum distance between catch basins Provide erosion control as required in the Surface Water Design Manual. Filter fabric fences shal~ ~e c:nstructed of material designed specifically for erosion control. The fabric shall be composed:~ rot-:roof (;J()Ven or non-woven polymeric fibers and be free of chemical treatment or coating that m3y re:uce permeability. The fab~ic shall meet the following test requirements: minimu,,, 110 lbs grab tensilm strength per ASTM 0-1682, minimum 40 lbs puncture strength per ASTM D-751 Modified, a,,d 20-100 Equiv3lent Opening Size (EDS) based on U.S. standard sieves. 7.07 Trenches. See Smction 8.03. 50 CHAPTER 8. UTILITIES 8.01 Franchising Policy and Permit Procedure A. Utilities to be located within existing and proposed County road right-of-way shall be constructed in accordance with current franchise and/or permit procedure and in compliance with these Standards. In their use of the right-of-way, utilities will be given consideration in concert with the traffic carrying requirements of the road which are, namely, to provide safe, efficient and convenient passage for motor vehicles, pedestrians, and other transportation uses. Aesthetics shall be a consideration. As a matter of policy, undergrounding of electric utilities will be strongly encouraged, particularly in urban development. Also, utilities are subject to County policies relating to drainage, erosion/sedimentation control and sensitive areas as set forth in KCC 9.04 and 21.54 and the Surface Water Design Manual. B. A 11 permits for new pl a cement and rep I a cement of existing ut i 1 ity pol rus and o thrur ut i 1 i ty st r ctures above grade shall bru accompanirud by written certification from a professional engineer or fro an agrunt authorized by the utility to certify that the inst3llations conform to these Standards nd that the proposrud work is in conformity with sound runginrnruring principlrus relating to highway S3foty. C Rruqurusts for exclllptions to thmse St3rndards will bill irocrussllld in accord3rnclll with variamcm irocedure as rrufrurruncrud in Section 1 08. 8.02 Standard Utility Locations Within the Right-of-Way Utilities within thru right-of-way on new reads or on roads whrure existing topogr3phy, utilities or storm drains are not in conflict, shall ~e located as shown in typical sections, Drawings No. 1-001 through 1-006, and as indicated brulow. Wherm ruxisting utilities or storm drains are in place, new utilities shall conform to these Standards as nearly as practicable and yrut bru compatible with the existing installations. Above ground utXiti(IJs located within intrursections shall bru placed so as tc avoid conflict with placement of curb ramps. A. Gas and Water Lines: 1. Shoulder-and-Ditch Section: If practical: Outside of ditch line. Otherwise: In shoulder three feet from edge of traveled lane. 2. Curb and Gutter Section: Prrufrurable: One and one-half feet back of curb, or at distance which will clear root masses of street trees if these are present or anticipated. 51 Otherwise: Its thru street as dt<ainage system. pt<ior to placing close t 0 the curb as practical without encroaching on the storm Mains 3nd srurvice connections to all lots shall be completed of sut<f3cru matrurials. 3. Designated Side of Centerline: GAS: South and West. WATER: North and East 4. Depth: 36 inches minimum cover from finished grade, ditch bottom or natural ground. B. Individual water service lines shall: 1. Be placed with minimum 36-inch cover from finished grade, ditch bottom or natural ground. 2. Use road right-of-way only as necessary to make side connections. 3 Fot< 3ny one connwcticn, not wxbnd tsorw th3n 60 8wrut alcng or t0rough thru t<ight-of-way, ct< t~-e minimum width of the wxisting right-of-way. 4. Water meter boxes, when placed or re-placed, shall bw locate~ on thw right-of-way line immediately adjacent to the property being served, unless ot~wrwise approved by the Engineer. Meter box locations within the right-of-way may be ap]rov~d ~y the Emgineer based on site conditions which make routine service access difficul.0 ot< impr3ctica7. C. Sanit3ry Sewet<s: In the gwnet<3l casw, fivw hwt south and west of cenbt<linw; dwpth 3~-inch minimum ccvwr fram finishwd gt<ad~, di9ch ~ottom Ot< natUt<3l grownd. D. In the case of individual sanitary sewer service lines which are force mains the pipe shall: 1. Be minimum two inches I.D., or as required by the utility to maintain internal scouring velocity. 2 ~f nonmet3llic, contain wir~ ot< oth~r 3ccw~table ~t<oximity dwt~ction 8~stut<~s; ot< bw ilacwd in 3 cast iron or oth~t< acce'1).na~~w m~t3l c3simg. · 3. Be placed with minimum three-foot covOlr from finish~d grade, ditch bottom or natural ground, within 10 degrees of perpendicul3r to t<03d cwntwt<lin~, and extend to right-of-way line. 4. Be jacked or bored under road unless otherwise approved by the Engineer. E. Sanitary and wahr 1 i 11ws sha 11 bw swp3rahd in accot<damc~ with good wn3 i n~wri ng pt<act cw such as the Ct<ihria for Sewag~ Work Design, W3shington DwparteJ~nt on Ecol8gy, labst ~dition. 52 F. Gravity systems, whether sanitary or storm drainage, shall have precedence over other systems in planning and installation except where a non-gravity system has already been installed under previous approved permit and subject to applicable provisions of such permits or franchises. G. Electric utilities, power, telephone, cable TV: Preferable: Underground with 36 inch minimum cover, either side of road, at plan location and depth compatible with.other utilities and storm drains. Otherwise: Every new placement and every replacement of existing utility poles and other utility structures above grade shall conform to the following: 1. Utility poles or other obstacles may be placed within the right-of-way and shall be as far back from the traveled way or auxiliary lane as practicable. a. On shoulder type roads, poles or obstacles shall be located back of ditches and in accordance with criteria in Drawing No. 5-001 unless protected by concrete barrier, suitable impact attenuating device or placed more than three and one-half feet behind face of guardrail, as allowed by an approved variance. b. On vertical curb type roads with a speed limit less than 40 miles per hour, poles or obstacles shall be placed clear of sidewalks and at least eight and one-half feet from face of curb in business areas and five and one-half feet from curb face in residential areas. On urban roads with a speed limit of 40 miles per hour or greater, poles and obstacles shall be placed in accordance with Drawing No. 5-001. c. Notwithstanding the other provisions regarding pole locations described in these standards, no pole shall be located so that it poses a hazard to the general public. Utilities shall place and replace poles with primary consideration given to public safety. 2. The above constraints on pole and obstacle location will not apply to locations not accessible by moving vehicles, "breakaway" structures whose break-off resistance does not exceed that of 4" x 4'' wood post or a 1-1/2-inch standard (hollow) iron pipe or to "breakaway" fire hydrants installed to manufacturer's specifications. 3. Deviations from these pole and obstacle clearance criteria may be allowed by an approved variance when justified by suitable engineering study considering traffic safety. Only the Utility may request a variance from pole and obstacle clearance criteria. Up to three contiguous damaged or weakened poles may be replaced at existing locations under permit in accordance with emergency procedures, however, sequential permits resulting in continuous replacement of a pole line shall not be allowed. A pole or other obstacle which incurs repeated damage from errant vehicles shall be relocated or protected. 4. Locations of poles shall also be compatible with driveways, intersections, and other road features (i.e., they shall not interfere with sight distances, road signing, traffic signals, 53 culverts, etc.). To the extent possible, utilities shall share facilities so that a minimum number of poles is needed. 5. Wher~ road uses leave iusufficient ovmrhang, ancr,or, 3nd lrme-trimming space for overheod utilities, consideration wil I be given to variance fr0 r11 the Standards or to acquisition of additional easmments and/or right-of-way for this pur~ose. Costs incurred for said acquisition shall be borne by the develo~er, builder, or othmr ~arty initiating the road construction. Howmvlllr, the associated c'.lst of relocating thm uOil it.Y shall 11ot be bo-ne by King County. · H. Notwithstanding other provisions, undmrground systems shall bru located at least five feet away from road centerline and where they w·,11 not othmrwise disturb lllxisting survey monumentation. 8.03 Underground Utility Installation A. General: The WSDOT/APWA Standard Specifications, particularly Section 7-17.3(3) will generally apply unless otherwise stated below. B. Utility Cuts On Existing Traveled Roads I. In tr!llnchin~ through existing pavrument, the opmn cul shall be a neat-linm cut saw cutting or jackhammmrin3 a continu::ous line. Trench sides shall be k~pt a as possible. Compaction anc -estoration must be don!ll as detailed below 3nd i the trmnch is backfilled, so as to c3use lmast disru:tio~ to traffic. Cement ruavemrunt shal I be cwt one foot outsicru the edgm of tre t-mnch on each side. ade by either nearly vertical mdiately after oncrrute 2. In cuts parallel to road alignment: a. All trench backfill under roadway shall be mechanical l_y com:acted to 95 pmrcent of maximum density except for trenches over eight femt in druptn. Throughout the length of any pipe run, manhole to manhole, in which any part is over eight feet dmep, llackf i 11 at drupths c vrur four T'llJllJt sha 11 be conpacted to 90 percmnt maximum density by ei toer water settling (sem Subsection 8.03C ~mTow) ~r mechanical cornp3ction. The to11 four feet of thru trench line shall then be mechanically comp3cte~ to 35 percemt. An dmnsities shall bru dlllnerminrud by testing specified in Section 2·03.j(l4)o of WSOOT/APWA St3ndard Specifications. b. In any trench in which 95 percent dmnsity c3nnct be achieved with existing b3ckr'ill, the top four feet shall be rruplaced wit, gravml basru as specified in the WSDOT/AruWA Standard Specifications, Sruction 3-03.10. Tois nmw matrurial shan then be mechanical~y comru3cted to 95 percent. C Rrustoration of a trrunch within an asruhalt pavement shall include a minimum o~ six a~d onm-half inchms of crushed surfacing mah~ial and asruhalt concrrutm Class B tb samru 54 thickness as the existing asphalt pavement or a m1n1mum of two inches, whichever is the greater. Pavement shall then be overlaid full width with a minimum of one inch compacted asphalt concrete Class 8. Any exceptions to this overlay requirement will be on a case-by-case basis, swbject to approval by the Engineer, considering the existing conditions of the pavement. Concrete pavement shall be restored consistent with Section 6-02 of the WSDOT/APWA Standard Specifications. Any concrete pavement traffic lane affected by the trenching shall have all affected panels replaced. 3. In cuts transverse to road alignment: a. In general, utility trenching through exisLing paverna;nt across tne road a-;-ignment will be discouraged. It will not be permitted unless it can be shown that alt~rnatives such as boring or jac)ing are not pcssible due to conflicts er scil conditions or wnless the utility can be installed just prior ta reconstruction or cverlay of the read. b. Without exception, the entire trench shall be backfilled with crushed surfacing top course meeting the requirements of Section 9-03.9(3) of the WSDOT/APWA Standard Specifications. Backfill shall be placed and compacted mechanically in six inch lifts with a County inspector present. If the capability can be demonstrated, based on compaction equipment or quality of backfill to achieve 95 percent density in thicker lifts, the depth of backfill lifts may be increased up to one foot. After backfill and compaction, an immediate cold mix patch shall be placed and maintained in a manner acceptable to the Engineer. On asphalt pavement, a permanent hot mix patch the same thickness as the existing asphalt or a minimum of two inches, whichever is the ~realer, shall be placed and sealed with a paving grade asphalt within 30 calendar days. Cement concrete pavement shall be restored with an eight-sack mix, using either Type II er Type III cement, within 30 calendar days. C. On Proposed Roads (e.g., New Subdivisions): Backfil I c~mpaction for trenches within the roadway of roads not open to public travel may be achieved throughout the entire depth of the trench, either by mechanical compaction as described in B.2 above, or by the following alternative method, namely, water sett 1 i ng: I. Prior to electing to use the water settling method of compaction, a review of the site shall be done to determine suitability of the use of the water method and a compaction pl an submitted by a professional engineer. Compaction plan is subject to approval by the Land Use Inspection Section. 2. Where water settling of treniches is done, the jetting method shall be used. In tren bes over eight feet deep the Eng i nee.-111ay direct the backf i 11 to be placed in Lwo or rrore l if t and each be jetted separately. Jets sOall b~ inserted at not more than four-foo, interv as throughout the length of the bac filled 3r~a 3nd shall be slowly forced, on ,he firs tlift, down to the bottom of -,he trench and helc unl.l the trench backfill is ccrnptetely sa orated with water. 55 Penelra~ion shall be lo the crown of the pipe, to native ground on sidru slo~es, and subsequruntly to each p,eceding lit~. The jetting oprurations shall be compl~trud as soon as practic3blru af.rur the ~ipe laying 3nd as part of the backfilling ope~at\ons. 3. After the water-sruttled trrunch has set for sruveral days and thru backfill is visibly dry, firm and stabilizrud, any de~ression in the trench shall be fillrud and mounded up over th etrench. It shall then be furth~~ compacted by the us~ of accept3ble vibratory compac.ion eq upment providing 95 prurcrunt oo maxi murn density comp3c, ion . 4. The m1n1mum size of hose and equipment square inch pressure at the discharge. diameter of one inch. shall be such as to provide not less than 35 pounds per The jet shall be rigid iron pipe with a minimum inside 5. Source of water will depend upon local conditions. Hydrants or srurface water sources shall be utilized when such sources of water exist within 700 feet of tOru operations. Hauled water may be utilized when the water settling operation is more than 700 nemt. from a hydrant. D. Controlled Density Backfill: As an alternative to mechanical compaction, trench backfill above the bedding and below the base course or ATB may be accomplished by use of controlled density backfill (CDFJ in a design mixtcr, approved by the Engineer. On crossings required to be opened to traffic prior to final trench restoration, steel plates may be used as approved by the Engineer. E. Testing: 1. Consistent with the above and prior to placing any surface materials on the road',;ay, it shall be the responsibility of the develope~ to provide density test reports certifiilld by a professional [!)n3ineer. A minimum of ome test shall be taken within every 500 ~et cf t-ench length and 3t drupths up to 50 percent of trench depth, or as directed by the Engineer Compaction ;'.f laterals or service 1 inm trenches shall be tested where directed by th• Engineer. lesting of CDF shall be in aw:ordance with ASTM 04832. 2. Whichmv e comJa tion n~thod not les sthan 9 Opercent ma less th a 95 p~ cent maximu the top forur fee shall be 95 perc ~t as i nB.2 above. F. Notification and Inspection: the install[!)r rulructs, the backfill b~low four feet must test to be mum density and the upper four feet cf backfill must test not mdensity. Whrur[I) this cannot bill achieved, all affected backfill in neoved and ~eplacrud by gravel ~ase and mechanically compacted to 1. Consistent with Section 9.02 of these Standards, any developers, utilities, or others intending to trench in existing or proposed traveled County roads shall notify King County 56 Land Use Inspection or Utility Inspection office not less than one working day prior to doing the work. This notification shall include: a. Location of the work b. Method of compaction to be used c. Day and hour when compaction is to be done. d. Day and hour when testing is to be done. Phones are as follows: King County Land Use Inspection Section King County Utility Inspection Section 296-6645 (north) and 296-6646 (south) 296-8122 2. As set forth in Section 9.03 of these Standards. failure to notify may necessitate testing or retesting by King County at the expense of the Developer or Utility. Furthermore, the work may be suspended pending satisfactory test results. 8.04 Final Utilitv Adjustment (To Finish Grade) A. Al I utility covers which are located on proposed asphalt roadways shall be temporarily placed at subgrade elevation prior to placing crushed surfacing material. B. Final adjustment of a 11 covers and access entries shall be made following final paving by: 1. Saw-cutting or neat-1ine jackhammering of the pavement around lids and covers. Opening should . not be larger than 12 inches beyond the radius of the cover. 2. Removing base material, surfacing course, and frame; adding raising bricks; replacing frame and cover no higher than finished grade of pavement and no lower than one-half inch below the pavement. 3. Filling and mechanically compacting around the structure and frame with crushed surfacing material or ATB, or pouring in five inch minimum thickness of cement concrete Class 3000 to within two inches of the top. 4. Fi 11 in g the remaining two inches with asphalt concrete Class B hot mix. compacted and sealed to provide a dense. uniform surface. 5. Final adjustment of all covers and access entries shall be completed within 30 days of final pav1 ng. 57 8.05 Final Cleanup. Restoration of Surface Drainage and Erosion Control In addition to restoration of the road as described above, the responsible utility shall care for adjacent areas in compliance with Sections 1-04.11 "Final Cleanup" and 8-01 "Roadside Seeding" in the WSDOT/APWA Standard Specifications. In particular: A. Streets and roads shall be cleaned and swept both during and after the installation work. B. Disturbed soils shall be final graded. seeded and mulched after installation of utility. In limited areas seeding and mulching by hand, using approved methods, w i 11 be acceptable. C Ditch lines with erodible soil and subject to rapid flows may require seeding, jute matting, netting, or rock lining to control erosion. D. Any silting of downstream drainage facilities, whether ditches or pipe and catch basins, which results from the utility installation shall be cleaned out and the work site restored to a stable condition as part of site cleanup. CHAPTER 9. CONSTRUCTION CONTROL AND INSPECTION 9.01 Basis for Control of the Work A. Work performed in the construction or improvement of County roads, whether by or for a private developer, by County forces, or by County contractor, shall be done in accordance with these Standards and approved plans and specifications (Section 1.07). It is emphasized that no work mav be started until such plans are approved. Any revision to such plans shall be approved by the Engineer before being implemented. B. The Engineer w i 11 have authority to enforce the Standards as well as other referenced or pertinent specifications. Hew i 11 appoint project engineers, assistants. and inspectors as necessary to inspect the work and they will exercise such authority as the Engineer may delegate. C Provisions of Section 1-05 of the WSDOT/APWA Standard Specifications shall apply, with the term "Engineer" therein construed to be the County Road Engineer as defined in Section 1.10. 9.02 Subdivision. Commercial and Risht-Of-Wav Land Use Insoection On all road and drainage facility construction, proposed or in progress, which relates to subdivision. commercial and right-of-way development, control and inspection w i 11 be done by the Land Use Inspection Section, (LUIS), acting for the County Road Engineer. Unless otherwise instructed by the Engineer, construction events which require monitoring or inspection by LUIS are identified as follows, with prior notification to LUIS (telephone 296-6645 (north) and 296-6646 (south)) A. Preconstruction Conference: Three working days prior notice. Conference must precede the beginning of construction and include contractor. designing engineer, utilities, and other parties affected. Plan approvals and permits must be in hand prior to the conference. B. Clearing and Temporary Erosion/Sedimentation Control: One working day notice prior to initial site work involving drainage and installation of temporary water retention/detention and siltation control. Such work to be in accordance with Section 7 06 and the approved plans. C Utility and Storm-Drainage Installation: One working day notice prior to trenching and placing of storm sewers and underground utilities such as sanitary, water, gas, power, telephone, and TV lines. See Section 8.03F Notification and Inspection for additional information. D. Utility and Storm Drainage Backfill and Compaction: One working day notice before backfill and compaction of storm sewers and underground utilities. E. Subgrade Completion. One working day notice at stage that underground utilities and roadway grading are complete, to include placement of gravel base if required. Inspection to include compaction tests and certifications described in Sections 8.03 and 9.04. 59 F. Curb and Sidewalk Forming: One working day notice to verify proper forming and preparation prior to pouring concrete. G. Curb and Sidewalk Placement: One working day notice to check placement of concrete. H. Crushed Surfacing Placement: One working day notice to check placement and compaction of crushed surfacing base course and top course. I_ Paving: Three working days notice in advance of paving with asphalt or portland cement concrete. J. Structural: Three working days notice prior to each of critical stages such as placing foundation piling or footings. placement and assembly of major components. and completion of structure and approaches. Tests and certification requirements will be as directed by the Engineer. K. Final Construction Inspection: 15 working days prior to overall check of road or drainage project site, to include completion of paving and associated appurtenances and improvements. cleaning of drainage system. and a 11 necessary clean-up. Prior to approval of construction work. acceptance for maintenance and release of construction performance bonds. the developer/contractor shall pay any required lees. submit any required maintenance and defect financial guarantees, provide a certificate of monumentation and submit one photo mylar or ink-on-mylar set and sets of blue Ii n e final. corrected plans (as-built) reflecting all minor and design plan changes of the road and drainage systems. The Reviewing Agency shall specify the number of blue Ii n e sets as warranted by the type of improvement. Mylars and blue line drawings shall not have shading or adhesive addition in any areas. If original plans were completed on a CPU) system. the developer/contractor shall submit. in addition to mylars, a copy of the CPU) drawing files in OOS/AUTOCAD format. L. Final Maintenance Inspection: 30 days prior to the end of the maintenance period. Prior to release of the maintenance guarantee. there shall be successful completion of the maintenance period as described in Section 1.09, repair of any failed facilities and the payment of any outstanding lees. 9.03 Penalties for Failure to Notify for Land Use Inspection Timely notification by the developer as noted above is essential for the County to verify through inspection that the work meets the standard. Failure to notify in time may oblige the County to arrange appropriate sampling and testing alter-the-fact. with certification. either by a professional engineer or the King County Materials Engineer. Costs of such testing and certification shall be borne by the developer. At the time that such action is directed by the Engineer. the Engineer may prohibit or Ii m, t further work on the development until all directed tests have been completed and corrections made to the satisfaction of the Engineer. If necessary, the County may take further action as set forth in King County Code Title 23. Enforcement. 9.04 E11banlanlllnt constrwction Control in Druye]QJments The provisions of Section 2-03 of the WSDOT/APW[I) Standard Specifications apply in all respects to development comtt ruction "n less otherwise in st r1c ted by the Engineer. The fo 11 owing el rumen ts a re mentioned for clarification and emphasis: A. Embankment and Cut Section Compaction: Compaction of t~e top two feet of fill subgrade and top six inches of cut subgrade shall meet a minimum 95 percent of maximum density in accordance with WSDOT/APWA Standard Specifications Section 2-03.3(14)C -Method B. Subgrade fi11 below the top two feet shall be compacted to 90 percent of maximum density. B Testing for Density 1. Jrior to placing any swrfacin3 m3trurial on the roadway, it will Je thru resmonsibility of the Clllveloplllr/contractor to provice censity test reports reviewed anC approved by a professional engineer. Optimum moisture content and maximum density shall be determined by methods cited in Section 2-03.3114)0 of WSDOT/APWA Standard Splllcifications or my other test procedures approvllld by the C0 unty Road Enginelllr. In fill sections, a rninim1i1111 of one test shall be tabn for every 1,000 cwbic yards or fraction thereof and on each lift of embankment. In cut sections, the interval shall be illVlllry 100 feet of roadway. For work to be accepted tests must show consistent uni form density 3S requ i rrud by trusts referlllnced abovlll. 2. In cases where tests do not meet the minimum standard, corrective action shall be taken such as adding water, aerating, replacing material or applying more compactive effort as directed by the developer's engineer. Retests shall show passing densities prior to placing the next lift of subgrade fi 11. 3. For trenching in existing roads, see Section 8.03. C. Finishing Subgrade Aftlllr the subgrade preparation has blllen completed, it shall bru thoroughly chruckrud by the devruloJmr/contractor using 3 lruvel, string line, crown board, or other means to determine that thru sub3raCe conforms to the ty(l)ical section or< speci3l pl3n conditions prior to placing any s~rfacing matrori al. 9.05 Traffic Control in Development Construction A. Interim Traffic Control: The developer/contractor shall be responsible for interim traffic contra during construction on or along traveled County roads. When road or drainage work is to be performed on County roads that are open to traffic, the developer/contractor will be required tc submit a traffic control plan for approval by the Reviewing Agency prior to beginning the work. Traffic control shall follow the guidelines of Section 1-07.23 of the WSDOT/APWA Standard Specifications. All barricades, signs and flagging shall conform to the requirements of the MUTCO 61 Manual. For more specific requirements for barricades, see Section 5.07 and Drawing No. 5-003. Signs must be legible and visible and should be removed at the end of each work day if not applicable after construction hours. B. Temporary Road Closures and Detours: Vllre1 temporary road closures cannot be avoided the developer/contractor shall post "To Be Closed" signs a minimum of five days prior to the closing. The types and locations of the signs shall be shown on a detour plan. A detour plan must be prepared and submitted to the Department of Public Works. Traffic and Planning Section at least 10 working days in advance, and approved prior to closing any County road. In addition, the developer/contractor must notify. in writing. local fire, school. laiv enforcement authorities, Metro transit, and any other affected persons as directed by the Engineer at least five days prior to closing. C Haul Routes: If the construction of a proposed development is determined by the Reviewing Agency to require special routing of large trucks or heavy construction equipment to prevent impacts to surrounding roads. residences or businesses, the developer/contractor shall be required to develop and use an approved haul route. 1/Vhen required, the haul route plan must be prepared and submitted to the Reviewing Agency and approved prior to beginning or continuing construction. The haul route p Ian shall address routing. hours of operation, signage and flagging, and daily maintenance. If the developer/contractor's traffic fails to use the designated haul route, the Reviewing Agency may prohibit or Ii mi t further work on the development until such time as the requirements of the haul route are complied with. D. Haul Road Agreement \/\rhen identified' as a need by the SEPA review process or by the Engineer, a haul road agreement shall be obtained by the franchised utility, developer or property owner establishing restoration procedures to be performed upon completion of the haul operation. 9.06 County Forces and Countv Contract Road Insoecti on Road construction performed by County forces or by contract for the County w i I be inspected under the supervision of the Engineer. 9.07 Call Before You Dig Builders are responsible for timely notification of utilities in advance of any construction in right-of- way or utility easements. The utility One-Call Center phone number 1-800-424-5555 should be prominently displayed on the work site. THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK 64 VTUN POU Do_ ·-SliOUI.DER 4 ~ SAH. SEWCFI ON SOUTH • WEST ODE c,r SlRECT. SEE S[C. 3.0lC~ OITCH 7 NOTES G,.l,S LINES ON SOUTH 4' WEST S[E OF ~ SEE Y C a.0-2.1 ' CRUSHED SURF"ACING 6,t,SE COURSE AOtllTIONAl TREATMENT MAY BE fll"QUJRCO OEP[No.«; ON SOIL COHMIONS Y E SEC. 4.02 & 4.03 TMIS DRAV\1/\G ILLUSTRATES A :YPIC/\L ASPHALT CONCRETE ROAD SECTION. ALTERNATr\/E ll WITH GRAVEL SHOULDERS ACTUAL SURFACING JESIGN FOR ARTERIALS AND C:JMMEKCIAL ' ACCESS S1REETS Sf-llill BE BASED ON SOILS AND TAAfFIC ANALYSIS PER SEC. 4.C3 DESIGN FOR RESiOENTIAL P1CCESS STREETS SHALL 8[ IN 1\CCORDANCE WITH SECS 4.01 AND 4.02. 2 SHOULDERS SHALL BE SURFACED ;:,s REQUIRED BY SECS 3 ,:,,: /\ND 4.01. IF PAVED SHOULDER SLOPE SHALL MATCH CRO\/VN SL.OPE lK O U2 FT./f'T. 3. GRADES: MINIMUM M.AXO.tUM o.~~ SEE SECS 2.02 2C3 204 AND 2.11 4 FOR VVIDTHS O;; PAVEMENT. SHOULDER AND RIGHT-DF-WAY S:..L SECS 2 :J2 2.C·3 7 04 S. FOR CLEARANCE OF UTILITY POLES SEE SEC. 8.02G A"JD DN3. NO. 5-Cl01 6 SEE SEC. 3.08 FOR SEPARATED ',VNJ<:111/AY .F REQUIRED. 7. DITCH SECTIONS AND/OR LOCATIONS rv!AY VARY T:) MEET REOUlRE'-4ENTS OF THE SUi--U-ACE WATER DESIGN MANUAL. FOR RUKA!. NUGH30R:-100D COLLECTCRS SEE CMG N'.J. 2-iJ2-1 FOR TURNPIKE SHO,,ILDER ALTERNATIVE. 8 SEE SEC. 5.02 FO>\ SIDE SL.OPE REQUIREMENTS ~ l(tlQ COlfflY PUIIUC WOR<S t<IN.G COUNTY. WASHINGTON SHOULDER 65 '™' TYPE ROADWAY ,o·--~ "'" I_ WATER L1N£S ON I r~ ~r Jr 3.o2A Ulllll'Y POL£.::, DWG. NO. 1 --001 4 C[lolENT CONCRtTE CEMENT CONCRETf CURB 6: GVfTER set DWG. NO. J-002 GAS UNES ON SOITTH 6: MST SIPE or STM:n. stE stc a.OZA rAI..K: -run. 7 =2--l SAi, Srw£1t 00 SOUTH & WEST SID£ OF STR[ET stE src e.nc ~ , ~~1/Qj_[!fl IJIIOTH '41 ",· -~'c:·-c,cr"c___ CRIJSI-ED SURF AON<. lo-I' COURSE\ >l)Oljl¢N.IJ.. 'lf!!ATMENT WAY EE Fl(OUIR[D (l[P(NDINC Off SOL OONJf!IOHS SEE SEC 40 2 "51 40J NOTES "THIS DRA\1\/1,\JG ILLUSTRATES /\ TYPICAL ASPHC>l T CCNCRETE ::;:Qil.D s=.c-100. AL TERNATM'. II. ACTl,iAL SURFACING DESIGN Fer! ARTERIALS /\ND COMMERC!A.L. ACCESS STR~S SHAU. BE BASED ON SO'LS AND TRAFFIC AW.LYSlS PER S::C. ~.03. DESIGN FOR RESIOENTlAL. ACCESS Sl--l.4c.L BE IN ACCORDA\CE WITH SECS '1.01 AND 4 C 2 2 GR.ACES fv11NIMUM f'vtAXifv1UM C.5~ SEE' SFCS 2 UL. 2.03, 2 u.:. AND 2." 1 3 SIDEVVALKS SHALL G[ 8 "I. \1\/[E :I\ BLSINESS DISTRICTS fa.ND 6.5 rf. 1NfE O{\J ARTFRIALS I NEXT TO TRAFFIC U\NE. 5 rr WIDE IF NE<T TO PP..RKII\G CR Brt<E LANE, ffi RFHINn ~L,'l'~TIN(-j s-11-;,:: .. : SEE SFCTION J.028 ' 2 ,::,::.. MU 2 04 5 ·-6" TO B'-6" J ~Of'~~o ~~Al.I(_: ,._ "iiii <'.:1 ..... -~-~ I l·-.-r-1-1 I ~,~/ -. ·.• TER UfffS (If.I I NOfrlk • EAST SIPE or ~-'S.[[ SEC. I 8 02A ~~ =.: (1YP )6 6 I Fffi WIDTHS OF PAVEMENT, SHCULDER. AND RIGl-r-QF_j/VAY SE:: SFGS 7 U) FCR CLEt.R.£l.J'JCE O-= UTILITY POLES SEE SFC 6.02G MD DAG f\b_ 5-,)0' SEE CHAPTER 7 FOR: C/\TCI I BA.SIN AND S10RM SEWER LOCATIONS. SEE SEC. 5 02 FCR SID£ SLOPF F~FQJIREt1.IE~HS DATt I -J.,J.,...J ~ ~ COl.ffTY f'Ul.JC WOA(S klNG COUNTY, WASHINGTON VERTICAL 66 CURB TYPE ROADWAY imi0 • 1-002 II = ""· .02fT./n. ,Yb· ~· CEMENT CONC1Wt $.CEWA.I.K" {TIP) r .~ 1'1'1.'l'EMI WIDTH SA.'-! ~ ON SOUTH ,t WfST SIDE OF SlR!:tl. SEE S£C. S 02C ~ ...... ~·~·-~,;--jl ROW:D CURB. SEE l>ilG. ND. 3-002 --1 I f // // // SlJ&C,ftl,0£ SLOPE 0.02 n./FT. O..S UNES DN SOUlH • WCST SIDE ___/ IJ /~/ OF STR£[T_ SU: SEC. 8..0iA .-j1'-~~ :t' COMP<CTED O[P<H CLASS 9 1~ _// / ASPHALT CONCRETE ~ / ,. M~. COMPACTED DEPTH I . ASPlw.T "TREATED B,'SC AODIIIONAI. 'TREATMENT W,l,,'f EE R!:0UIR£D DEPENDING ON SOtL CONP'TIOHS SEE SEC 4.02 NOTES 1. THIS DRAVVING ILLUSTH.ATES A TYPICAL ASPHALT CONCRETE RO.AD SEC~ION ALTERNATM L FOR OTHER ALTERNATIVES ANJ POSSIBLE REQUIREMENTS FOR FRACTU~::o JI.GGREGA.-E OR INCREASED THICKNESS OF SURFACING MATERIALS SEE SECS 4 01 AND 4.02 2 GRADES MINIMJM MAXIMUM 0.5~ SEE SECS 2 03 AND 2.1 1 J. SEE CHAPTER 7 FOR CATCH BASIN A.\10 STORM SEVV1::R LOCATIONS SEE DWG NO.S 2-019, 2-020, AND 2-021 FOR GRATE DETAILS 4. FOR WIDTHS OF P/IV!::MENT ANO RIGHT-OF-'NAY SEE SECS 2 03 5. 6. ~ FOR CLEARANCE OF UTillTY POLES SE:: SEC. 8.02G AND 0\/VG. NO 5-001. SEE SEC. 5.02 FOR SIDE" SLOP[ REQLJ·REMENIS Ki-iQ ~ Ti Fi iii ,: wun{S KING COUNTY. WASHINGTON ROLLED DATE CURB TYPE IN II 'r·,-·- N ·-~:-er ,,,. "~ 'N~,.Jl, 1 Oh£ il~ --1 I ~, ~ I -~~ ( \ 6 WATER LI.N ES oo ~Ot ,j~....r.,, I HOOTH ,i ~ SlC ,-..;r Of" ROAO t e.ov. REVlSIOH ROADWAY CA1C1-I ~N & $10RU ...... {TYP.) --_l __ l I _§'!'_J"AP'"PWD° II I II l' NU. .1 Ufl.lf't POL( 3_ ·-.!.·- '"''""'" 'SAM SO!'ER OH SOUTH & W[ST sa: Of' ~ET SU SEC. 8.07 NOftS: G,l,S. l.N:S ON sount A: Wl::ST 00E OF ROloC) SEE SEC. l!!l.02A 1 1/T C0MP,IC1'[0 D£P1H CRI..ISM[O St.lFIFACINC TOP COURSt INCtUOIHG ......... 2 1/t' MN. COWP,1,CTEO CR1JSH£C> $URfAC:N:.'.i: BASE CO\lftSC ADOff10NAl 11lV.lWENf ~'r' BE RfOURD D£P00HG ON SOIL COfOTI(INS. SEE sec. 4.01 ,i: •m 1. GRAVEL SURFACING IS ACCEPTABLE ONLY ON RURAL MINOR ACCESS STREETS (RESIDENTIAL) MUCH AR£ PRN'ATE STR:EETS. stE SECS. 2.0~ & 2.17, 2. GRADES: MINIMUM 0.~% MAXIMUM Si:E SECS. 2.0J & 2.11. 3. F'OR CLEARANCE OF UTILITY POLES SEE SEC. 8.02G & DWG. NO. 5-001. 4. DITCH SECTIONS ANO/OR LOCATIONS I.IAY VARY 10 MEET REQUIREMENTS OF SURFACE WATER DESIGN UANUAL. 5. SEE SEC. ~.02 FOR SIDE SLOPE R[QVIREU[NTS. ~·-a" 0'-(1' OAT[ (i) QO COUNTY P\JII..JC WOll(S KING COUNTY, WASHINGTON GRAVEL SURFACE 68 4·.(J" SHOIAOUI'" -J'-(f _I.It=.[, 3 ""· ' ..__ 'N.\TUt Wl[S ON """""" ~ &-tAsT SI)( or IIIOAO. sa: sr.c 8.02A IY~ ROADWAY IJl!LITY POI..[ J DWG. 1-004 NO. I' PAV(MfNT WID!H 3 C;.I.S LJNES ON SOI/hi &.: W£St S10[ Of S'IRECt Sl:E stC S OU NOTES ? COlolPAC'TED DEPTI-1 CU.SS B ASPl1o'L l CO!iCA rt( 4• Ir.IN COWPAC'rE:D DEPTtt ASPf.W. T TREATED W E A[l0(11QW,L TR£Allol[NT W.l' BE R!'.OUIRED DEPENDING 00 SOIL COHDrrJOHS SC( SEC 4 02 SA."I. S£M:R ON SOUTH & WEST SIDE OF STAf.£1_ SEE SEC BOX~ .f-0" 1. THI$ DRA'MNG ILLUSTRATES A TYPICAL ASP~•ALT CONCRETE ROAD SECTICN. ALTER~,.c..-rv·, I. FOR OTHER AL TERNATMS AND POSSIBLE R~QU:REMENTS FCR FRACTURED AGGREG.4"'.'E OR INCREASED THICKNESS OF SURFACING MATE'.RlALS, SEE SECS 4 C1 A:-..JD L 02 2 GRADES MI.\JIMUM MAXLMl...!M 0.5% SEE SECS 2 03 AND 2 11 3. FOR \NIDTHS OF PAVEMENT AND ,;IGHT-OF-\IVAY. SEE SECS. 2.03 4 FOR CLEARANCE OF UTILITY POLES SEE SEC 8.02G ANC CV.C \JO 5-G:J1 5 S!::E CHAPTER 7 FOR CATCH BASINS AND STORM SE'J\IER _ocA-:-1or-..s 6. \/1/fau<:.VVAY SHAU. BE CEMEJ\ T CONCRETE. AL TERNA TM rv. OR c=usHED $1_,RFACiNG ALTERNATM V. AS REQUIRED BY Rtvl€WING 1-\GENCY SEE SEC. 40i. 7 FOR RURAL NEIGHBORHOOD COLLECTORS. SEE ',J,NG. NO 2-02L FOR TURNPIKE SHOULDER AtTERNATNE 8 SEE SEC 5 0 2 FOR SIDE SLOPE REOUIREME!\ TS ~ l<Nl COlfflY Pl8..IC WORKS KING COUNTY W..SHINGTON THICKENED 69 3"-0"" EDGE ROADWAY 10·-a" 4 ~ 5'-0'" I' 1,/TlllT'!' POLE .. OWG. NO. 1-005 t-01ES: r }'_~~ ......... , -CA$ UHIS ON SOt.nH a Wl'.ST SIDiE 0, STRttT. SEr SEC 8.02A "r COll"ACTtD D[PTH CUSS 8 ,.._, "'""""' <' YN. eotrACT[D Dr.Pnt ASPtW.T TRrAttD MSE HlUllONAI. TR[ATWCHT WA.Y at REQWtlO DtPENOINC OH COi. CONDmONS stt SE.C. 4.02 SAN. stwm ON SOVfM a 'tllCST SU Of S1RtE1. ut stc. a.me. ~ ' PA~ Mtn'H4 ~·-r[_ I. THIS DRAWING ILLU3TRA ES A TYPICAL ASPHAl T CONCRETE ROAD SECTION. AL.TERW.llVE I. FOR OTI-lER ALTERNATIVES MD POSSIBLE REQUIREMENTS FOR F"RACTUREO AGGRl..GAIE 0:.: INCREASED T--!ICKNESS or SURFACING MATERW.S. SEE SECS. 4.01 MD :..n2 2 FOR EXTRUDED CURB DETAIL SEE DWG. N:J .3-002. 3 GIW>ES, MtNIMUU MAXlMUI.I 0.5'1 SEE SECS 2.03 AND .2,.:n 4. FOH: WIDTHS OF PAVEMENT AND RIG-fT-OF...J,VAY. SEE SECS. 2 W 5 FOO CLEAAANCE 0::: 'JTUTY POLES S± SEC. 8.02G AND ~::.. N:J. S-C{11 6 SEE CHAPTER 7 FOR CATCH BASH AND S'IORM DRAIN LOCATIONS. 7. VVAU0NAY SH),,;,J_ BE CRJSHED SURFACING. Al..~i.?'i..(fi'V'c: Y, CR A.S R::ou1::.:rn BY REVIEWING AGE\ICY 8 SE SEC 5.02 FOR SID£ SlCf'E REQUIREMENTS. .. ,. - KN0 OOlMlY l'UILIC WOfl(S KING COUNTY, WASHINGTON EXTRUDED CURB ROADWAY 70 10·-- :,.·-·· ,. _...,, I I-wATtA LINES OM NCRfH. ~ s« or ROitiO. sa stc: . . ,,,. CATCH~• ~ ...... n I AmrD I "1UJTY POL[ • m· 1-006 GVND~ <" RfQUM()) µJ' O<MO . (tr R[QtJIR[O) ~· t.tlN. 40' IAIN xt.ii!!!l =:J o o:i'"n""/n •.• ,.. I THICKENED EDGE 50' t,ON. 4Q' t.llN o.o2fJ.in. VERTICAL CURB & GUTTER ~ &,HD~ (,r R[QVfl[O) d J 40' MIN.,_ ~ ' ROLLcD CURB (i) KtlG COlfflY l'IJll.JC WOflC8 KING COUNTY, V\IASHINGTON 1 1 1-------------'&00' MAX.~----------~~ I ! ! : I -ll ~~-I R/W UN£ ~ &MP 1 ·. -==i I ~ = _-: :_ __ -=--__ _,,/--r ~~~-. , ,,, REa,,,,,, = ~ ~1tz=--·7--,,;_'·'".,, ---~ I I L _ _ .,:'· .,:'· ,I, -- I ·r ' <. I r----~~ 1 -'*''/ I , ; ~r/ ' I • I I ! 71 I I NOTES SEE SEC. 2.08 2 EXTRUDED CURB IS A:_SQ ACCEPTABLE FCR aJTER ECGE AS AL TERNATM lU S1-i0ULDER AND DITCH SEE ·OWG. NO. 1-DC6 3 ISLAND AT CENTE:;: OF BL'LB SHALL HAM VERTICAL CURB SEE D.\G NO 3-002_ 4. ISLAND IS MANJATORY ',',HEN ~IUS CF PAV'i:D P-REA EXCEEDS 40' 5. ~~E SEC 2 08 FOR CUL-DE-SAC LENGTH EXCEPTION 6. SEE SECS. 2 U3 L 08 AND L 09 Fffi RIGHT-(F'-VVAY REDUCTION REQUIREMENTS CUL-DE-SACS DWG. 1-007 NO. (i) TEU?ORARl' EASO€NT I RIGHT-Of-WAY UNE ~ ----------- ASPH,lr,L T R.A.Mf> . """'-" i END R0U£D CIJR8- "°"""" !"' -- V'~·~ ~1~ Tr'Pf It 6AARICAO[ L . Vi1rR£S: SHQRTBT I POSS8....t OISTAHCt I -~~~=~-------,L--,-1 ASf'W,I..T RANI> NOTES: 1. SEE SEC. 2.08. 2. BAAR I CADE REQUIRED AT END OF BULB. SEE SEC. 5.07. KtlO CCUffY Pla..lC WOA(S KlNG COUNTY. WASHlNGlON ~ EASl'.WEH\' I DATE ~ "' ,.,,...._ TEMPORARY CUL-DE-SAC 'Wi~· 1-008 72 Ci) CUR8 LINE: NOTES: 1. SEE SEC. 2.08F. / ~ ·-~_,-R~T-Of-WA< L'NE ------' ,+, ,:,:,.t. ROUND CORNFRS _/ (R • 2' MtH.) ~,-~ IS~O 2 ,ii ~· ~~- ~ EXTENDED EOCE OF TRA\'tLED WAY 2. ISLAND REQUIRED ON EYEBROWS WITH R GREATER THAN 25 FEET. 3. MIN. ISL.AND DIAM. SHALL BE 10 FEET KNCl COUNTY PUBLIC WORKS KING COUNTY, WASHINGTON 73 E _ ... REVlS!OM EYEBROW BY I APPR'D DWG. 1-009 NO. (I) i ~i II I i i I I i !i II vARln ST""'-Oo\RO l,IA,T[RL\LS SEC 4 01 VAf!l[S 30' WN _2_0'MIN ; " • !; I Y!:R'f!CJ.L ~ ROUto ~ ~ 002 n-1~ S10£WAU< 2 t IRBA\ so· wN ~1 _io· ~~~ ;1 ii ! I # ctNhh&Zkhh>hW)J);J ««.ZU'{(rt:«K««uyfl'ru,ou,"KM,e:1'.e«ll+::e.zr«rz>itt "i-.":- w·@ STNtCWID W.T[RW.S SEC. '4.01 NOTE: 1. SEE SEC. 2.07. 2. SEE SEC. J.02. 3. EDGE OF PAVEMENT TO BE CONSTRl.JCTB) AS SHOWN FOR CUT OR FILL SECTION AS APPRCPRIATE l<tlO COUNTY 1'18.JC WOll(8 KING COUNTY. WASHINGTON RI RAL HALF-STREET 74 emf.· 1-010 ~ NOTE: SE£ SEC. 2,09 ··-~ i i 81 ~j ill ,·-er II i, i :1 :.~ I a• ' i i :~ .. ,~-- T COMPACTED DEPTH Cl.ASS 8 ----~ ASPH.lll CO~RE1E I 1/r' WIN. CO ... u:TEO ()(PlH CAUSHEO ----~ SURFACING lOP COORS£ 2 1/2" W~. COWPACTtD OEPTH CRUSH(O ------' SURf'ACING BA.St COURS[ ADOITIONAL 7RU.TWCNJ MAY 8[ -------~ H(QUIR(O O[Pf:t,,1.im<, Cf.I SOIL COfft)ff()NS. SEE" SEC. 4.02 20'-0" ""· !!'-ct IIAT£ KNl OOlNTY PUIIUC WORKS KlNG COUNTY, WASHINGTON ALLEY PAVEMENT 75 r-1·-cr i !! i~ :, II ~1 i ~: i I ~;s»;,s:,.x;:x.;;.¥ RiVISION sr j .,,.R·o I DETAIL DWG. NO. 1 -011 TONGU[ END ON INLET ENO / CRiXM END ON ounET END ENDS TO FIi AOJ.I.CENT P'P( SECTfONS ,___ _________ J~ ~ ~---~OOND =cs :,;r-,-~ END SECTION I~-------- ! ' MIN. IJE'TAL ~· i,jlN PLASTIC -1 ---~-~ . -' ~· El.81'! PIPE JOINT~ (TYP.} \ ::]i ~ PA'rME"Nf & Pl>.NNEO CULVERT LENGTH I END SECTION 1' WIIN METAL & PLASTIC PIPE I i--------1,-----~~-J --------i ----------,~, -j, PA'r"M=NT & PUNNED CULVERT L.ENGn, I NOTE· SIDE SLOPE SHAU. BE WARPED TO MATCH THE BEVELED PIPE El fYAIIPN END. V'i'HEN CULVERT IS ON SKEW. BM LED END SHALL BE ROTATED TO CONFORM TO SLOPE IF SLOPE DIFFERS FROM 3:1, PIPE SHAU BE BM LED ID Mti.TCH SLOPE. CONCRETE PIPE I om I REVl'SIOH I ., I ...... I (®) 1(1,jQ COUNTY f'UBI.JC WORKS BEVELED END PIPE SECTION rmic. KING COUNTY. WASHINGTON 2-001 76 ======== """"' OflM..ETP~ Ci) rrPE 1, t-L. OR 2 CB .J.$ R!:®11:EO ~OR PIP£ SllE NOTES u .... (j'""" 1. •o·, ThE INSIDE DW,t OF THE INLET PIPE. SHAL_ 2 3. ' BE 24" ffi LESS. FOR LARGER VALJES OF ""D•. USE AJ',.f APPROVED STRUCTIJRE IN NO CASE SHALL TH::. OLJTSDE OIAM. OF THE INLET PIPE EXCEED ONF-HALF THE INSIDE DIAM. CF THE MAIN STOPJV SE\lv'ER '+ OF INLET P. IPE SHALL BE ON 1{1\l)ILJS OF MAIN STCRJ\.1 DH.A!!\ THE MIN. OPENIN(~ INTO THE EXISTiNG smqM DRAIN SHALL BE THE OUTSIDE D M OF TI i[ INLET PIPE PLUS 1 IN 5. IF 4 IS GREATER THAN 45' FIELD TAPPING IS NJT ALLOvVED 6 SEE S:::C. 7 _ 04 7 SEE SEC 7 03 Fm ALLO\/vED IN_ET PIPE t,1 PE. 8. MAINLINE SHALL Hl!v1 4 6 MIN. D .\1 . KtlQ COUNTY PUBLIC WOP.KS KING COUNTY. WASHINGTON n-1 00 P"SI FLOWA8U CONCRCT[ EIAoelmLL Ml:it: UND.ISJURB(() U,RTM BURN CR ClfT INlD PIPE TO •Jl'!f'lili~ -'1,, \lllll~"s, MINYQRC£0 COHCAtTE l!ilrT PIPE QA-E PIPE """'"" REVISION FIELD-TAPPING OF CONCRETE tiNOISTIJR8ED E,t,RTH SECTION B B SECTION A A BY I APPR'D I PIPE ~-2-002 1 13 !!AR HOOP ___.,,- ff 2 IJ BAA" HOOPS~ ) -~"<' ;>~·~ . r:::>~:::~ > ·""< al I C> ~ fl B,l,11: tM:;H: CORt,Ut ~ IJ BAR tACH SIDE ~ rFWJr ANO GMT[ sa: src. 7.os N¢> ~L.JCA8L£ DWGS. ~ Rls.tR: SECttoN 1 t" RIS[R StCTIOtl PRCCAS! B,I.S£ SiCTION (MUSJRDltNT AT Tl-E TOP ()r "TH[ ~ IJ BAR [.lrCH WAY (i) l(f,IQ OOUNTY PUBUC WOPl(S KING COUNTY, WASHINGTON CATCH 78 DATt BASIN NOTES: 1. CATCI--· 3AS1NS SH/\1 I HI· CONSTRUCED IN ACCORDANCE VvITH A.STI\'l C41S, (AASHTO M 1 !:19) & C890 UNLESS UTI-ERVV1SE SH:)/\,N 0\1 PLANS OR NOTED IN TH[ WSDOT/APWA $TAN0AAO SPECJF"ICATJONS 2 1B M ACCEPTABLE ALTERNATIVE 10 RE8AR. V-.H.DED WIRE f-'ABH.IC I lA\/ING A MIN. AAEA Ck O 12 SOUARF 1~;C-JES PEii. R.XJT 1,¥W BE JSEO. ',\£1.DEO \~.IRE FABRIC SH,'\1 ... L COMFlY 10 ASTiv1 .t..497 (AASHlO M 221:, WIRE FA3RIC SHALL NJT BE PLACE'O IN KNCX.n.:urs 3. ALL =EINFo;:;:crn CAST-IN-Pl.AC£ CONCRETE SHALL BE Cl.ASS 4000 4 f-'HLCAST GASES SHA_L BE FLRN.SHED WTiH ClrTOlJIS c.R KNOCKOUTS KNOCKOJTS SHAU H /1 M A WAf THICKNESS Of ~ Ll!N ALL P/Pt Sl-lALL BE INSTALLED IN F,'\ClORY PROVIDED KNOCKOUTS LJNUSt:.D KNOCKQIJTS NEED NJT BE G~OUICD IF WAU... IS LEFT .t'JTACT 5 KNOCKOUT CR CLTCXJf HOit SIZE IS EQUAL TO PIPE OJTER OIAM. PLUS O\TCH [tb.S:jN WAU... Tr"ICKNCS...S 0. ROUND ,<NOCKOUIS Ml'.,,Y BE ON All 4 ;-;11Jf:S Vl!IT'l V:A.'< DIAM. ff 2rf. KNOCKOUTS l\'IA.v :lE EITHER ROUNC CR ""o" SH/\f-'t 7 TI-E MAX O.':r'TH FROM lHI-. 1·1NIS1ICD C-RADE 1C THE l-'11-'f-INVERT IS 5'-Cf' S. THE TAPER ClN !HE SIJ[S OF 11 IE PRECAST Bl1SE SECTlrn..J AND ~ISFH StCJIUN SHALL NO~ EXCEED 1/7' /FT. G CATCH BASIN FRAfv1F l'J\Jll ('1.//\lL SI IALL BE N ./\CCOR.C·ANCE Wli'H STMD.AF.D SPECIFICATIO\IS 0,D MEO IHL S1"::;ENG11·1 REQUIRBv1EITTS CF FEDERAl. srt=,]1---10\TION RR-r-6210. MAnNG SLRFACES SH.£.J....L BE F \IISHED ID ,"l-''>SL,1--ll NON ROCKING ;:-11 WrlH Af\ Y covrn ;:,OSITl::)N 10 tRPJ\1[ AND CRATE MAY 8[ INSTN...LED WITH Fl Af.G CON'..J CR CASl INTO l~IS[~ 11 FCR C'A";C;H H!1S \JS IN pr~;:::KINS LOTS REFER TO WSDOT/APWA. S"TMDARD I.J/1G 61 b 12 EDGE OF RISER OR BRICK Sl--1\l l ~H El[ M:JRE TH.AN 7 FR0\1 vtRllCAl.. E[X3[ CF CATC•i BASIN 'vVAU... """""" j.,/.,.. .• J TYPE 1 qm;. 2-003 1 #J8'1.RHOOPFORl;j' ~ :? #3 BAR HOOP FOR 1-r'~ "'-..._ ~ /~I 2 13 BAA ttOOf' ______,,,::;.., ----..........EY fJ BAA EACH CORNER -------- fJ BAR EACH SIOE ~ KING COUNTY PUBLIC WOA<S KING COUNTY, WASHINGTON f.j' OR 12'" -, FRAIAE AND GMTE SEE SEC. 7.05 AND APPLICAflLE DWGS RISER SECTION ff REDUCING SECTION PRECAST SASE SECTION iMEASURE'liENT AT THE TOP OF THE BASE) ~~ fJ !WI EACH W~'I DATE CATCH BASIN 79 NOTES: 1. CATCH BASINS SHALL BE CONSTRUCTED lN ACCORDANCE WffH ASTM C478 {AASHTO M 199) & C890 UNLESS OTHERWISE SHOWN ON PL.ANS OR NOTED IN THE WSOOT/APWA STAND.ARD SPECJFICATIONS 2. AS AN ACCEPTABLE ALT£RNATIV£ TO REBAR, WELDED WIRE FABRIC HAV!NG A M!N. AREA OF 0. 12 SQUARE INCHES PER FOOT MAY BE USED. WELDED WIRE F"A8RI:: SHA.LL COMPLY TO ASm A497 (AASHTO M 221). WIRE FABRIC SHALL NOT BE PLACED IN KNOCKOUTS. 3. ALL REINFORCED CAST-IN-PLACE CONCRETE SHALL BE CLASS ,moo. 4. PRECAST BASES SHALL BE FURNISHED WITH CUTOUTS OR KNOCKOUTS KNOCKOUTS SHALL HAVE A WALL THICKNESS OF Z: MIN. ALL PIP( SHALL BE INSTALLED IN FACTORY PROVIDED KNOCKOUTS. UNUSED KNOCKOUTS NEED NOT BE GROUTED IF WM.L IS LEFT INTACT. 5. KNOCKOUT OR CUTOUT HOLE SIZE IS EQUAL TD PIPE OUTER DIAM. PLUS CATCH BASIN WALL TH_ICKNESS 6. KNOCKOUTS MAY BE ON ALL 4 SIDES WITH MAX DIAM. OF 2fi'. KNOCKOUTS MAY BE EITHER ROUND OR "rf SHAPE. 7. THE TAPER ON THE SIDES OF TI-IE PRECAST BASE SECTION AND R1SER SECTION SHALL NOT EXCEED 1 /r /FT. 8. CATCH BASIN FRAME AND CRATE SHALL BE IN ACCORDANCE WITH STANDARD SPECIFICATIONS ANO MEET THE STRENGTH REQUIREMENTS OF FEDERAL SPECIFICATION RR-F-621D MATING SURFACES SHALL BE FINISHED TO ASSURE NON-ROCKING f"IT WITH ANY COVER POSITION. 9. FRAME ANO GRATE MAY BE INSTALLED WITH FLANGE DOWN OR CAST INTO RISER 10. MAX. DEPTH FROM FINISHED GRADE TO PlPE INVERT SHALL BE s·-o" 11 EDGE OF REDUCING SECTION OR BRICK SHALL NOT 8£ I-JORE THAN 2" FROt.l VERTICAL EDGE OF CATCH BASIN WALL. I . i REVISION f----W-T AP~~·b ~ TYPE 1-L DWG. 2-004 NO. ~ -,.,.;.; '. TOP ""8 iii f 'l "'-~~·._: -.,'\JJP j~~i -·:·\··~:.~::-.~<ti ""_,. ·~ I ' h fftlJ.I[ a: GRATE CR COVER SEE SEC. 7 05. AO..IUSTMENT SECTION (lEVELINO BRO:S OF1 GR.I.C){ RINGS QPTIQN.Al) STEPS2°0R UDDER. ~l[r,T WITH N..£T SO SttPS WILL • ,.. CtEM Plf"t.S. SEE OWG .·-4(f,'$4-.W',1X'.OO. ~ HO. 2-D06. ' ' • .. '. . • ,_ •; 1 ... ,;, ,--, ' ' "' ' ' " ' ' Gl I l "' ' ' . I I l , .., ' ' • • ' I .... -·-.. ,· b . ~ [)IAM.-8" . I l60" DIAM.-" N I 7'Z" DU.M.-ti' ... .,, ~ OW,1.-17 . • •' . :- L____ ..... I ' • ' • ' ~;1~ PR!.CAST BASE .t NTtGAAL RIS[R. ... ·--/·.:;: I ~· . . l'-a' FOR 48'. ~·. 6: &rt ow.. '£1 ::, .... ·/;·,: , ._;," 2'-tf FOR 7~ k '.16'" DUi WN. SEPNW( C,,Sl N PLACl •rOR SEPARATE BAS£. Off SEPARATt CfU,,1:L 8,1,CKtll Fffi FOUl'([MTIOHS CAST-N-PUCE PRECAST BAS£. 6 YN. COMPAC'Tto DEPTl, ONLY FOO PR[C,AST &\SC ONLY .I\IOTFS 2 3 • b G 7 . 8. 9. • J CATC'.,H 3ASINS Sl--{t:iJ...L BE CONSTRUCTED IN ACCOHDA.NC:: WITM ASTt.l C478 (AASHTO t.1199) AND AS1\1 C890 Ut\'LESS {J"l lER\~11SE SH:J..~/\J UN Pl ANS ffi i'.OTED IN 1l-E WSOOT/A.PWA. STANDPV--ill SPECIFICATIONS 1-{ANDHOLDS IN A.)JLJSTI-Af:}J:" St::CTIO/\ SH Al L HA M S' MIN CLEARANCE: STEPS IN U\ICH BASIN SH1\LL KA"v·E f,' \11N C ... EFRA!\CE SEE D1\G NO 2-006, CATCH BAS!N DETAllS. HANDHOLDS SHALi. BE PLACED I.\! Al TER/\'.I\Tli\G GRALE RINGS CR LEVELING RRICK C'.JURSE ','.1TH A II/IN. Cf" ONF: HANDHOLD BE·:vv:"F!\J THL.. LAST STEP A\JO !OP Cf n.JE 1"1/\\JIICU .ALL RE:INFORCED CAST -IN-PLt..CE CONCnETE :ii-All BE CLASS 4000 .t:iJ...L ~CAST CONCRETE SH1\Li.. GE C W S 4000. 1-'RED;ST BASES SHA.LL B:: FlJR'~IS--E(_j ',\Hd CUTOLJS m KNOCKOUTS. KNOCKOUTS SHALL ~Ii.VE WALL TH 1CKNESS Cf 2" i',11N U.\JUSED KNOCKOUTS NEED i\·:JT BE GROUTED II \.'\/.~ IS Ltn 1w . .;c-P f">ES SHALL BE INSTf,LLED ONLY 1N FACT CRY K\J.XKOUTS UNLESS OTH=.~1W3E APPROV£D BY n IE ENGIN::E::;-: KNOCKOUT CR CUTOL, T I-ICU: SIZE SHAL ... ECL'A.. PIPE ::tm=R DIA.M, f-'LUS D;TCH BASIN '.'111'.U.. THICKN::.ss 1,1.AX, HOLE SIZE SHALL RE ,F: FOR 48" CATCH GASIN. 42" FCR 5 ~" C ~., -48" fCR 6 4 CB 6 4 Fffi 7 1 CB 84~ fCR 9 6 CB. fvH">J DISTANCE BEflVEEN H:JLES SHALL BE fi' roo 46". 54•, /\J\10 6o"' C8 1t" FOR 7Z" AND 96"" C.B CATCl-1 BASIN "'~JIES ANC ·2RAll:S CR CO/v1RS SHALL BE I N ACCORDANCE WITH SEC. 7.0~ A'D MEE' 11--E SKE!'.GTI-1 REOUIR~MENTS Of FEDfq/lL SP£Clf1CAT10N RR, .. F-6210 1,1AllNG 2URFACES SHALL BE FINISHED TO ASSURE NON-ROCKING F.T VVf"TH ANY COVER POS noN AU.. BASE REINFORCING SlE::EL SHAU HAVE A ti/IN. "rlELD STRENGTI-1 Cf" 61~ 000 ?Si AND 3E PLAC:::O IN TI-IE UPPER H.ALF Cf TI-IF B/\S[ WITH 1 MIN. CLEAHANCE MIN. SOIL BEARING \/Al...UE ShALL [()()Al 3,300 POUNDS PER SQUARE R:X;,; FCR DCIAJLS SI-K:M.~NG UDDEk. STEPS HANDRAILS A\KJ TOO SLABS. SEE D,'\G NO. 2-006, Scr TI-IE WSDOT/APWA STANDAf10 SPECIFICATIONS SEC 7-05.3 FOR JOINt REQ.JIR:':MENlS RONl'()R(;IH(i; STEEL~ S-t-'AAATt 8ASt$ ON~'() REN"OFICIMG STEEL i'fU;! PRtCASf B,1..5.E k IHTEGAAL R&R ON..Y} 0.13 SQ. IH./FT. IN ::A:.:H DIRECTION FOO. 48' W.W. 0.15 SQ. N./n. N EACH CIIRECTION Fm 4~ CX.,.,W 0.19 SO IN./FT. IN Et,CII DIREcnoH FOR $,4" WW 0.18 SO. N/n. N DCH DIAECTM>N FOO ~ C:,,,.,.W. 0.25 SCI. IN./FT. N EACH DRECOOH FOR 6(f' W,1.,1. 0.25 SO. IN./FT. IN E'ACM DIRCtn:IN rM W" Dl,.I,.. 0.3:!I SO. IN./rf. IN FJ.:::"1 DIRECTION FOR 7 1 N,1,.1.1 0.24 SQ. H/n. N t,o,I DIRtCTIOH Fm 7 1 MAY 0.3~ SO IN./FT. IN fJCH DIRECTION FOR 9 6 DIA.Iii o.n SO H./n. N £.Al).! [)IF![C'hON FCR ~ MAY •",'.."." ., .~ ·~;k:·~ RHJ ft:. ' •.. · :: ; • ~' ~-·;;.-i_:~:9,:,1 PA!t.lST 6,1.$( JOIM"I [ .. Tt I IOOSHlN I "' 1 ...... I <I, KNCl cou,rry PIS.JC WOIICS KING COUNTY, WASHINGTON CATCH BASIN TYPE 2 80 48", 54", 60" ' 72" , & 96" OWG. 2-005 NO. -[ I'$> t,~ • r CENT<RS . ~ 9. ? Fla. MTN n _J S! i~?~ :Y" K I oa IQf SI Nl n _J s i ! ...... ?-; lt YE :iifA "' 1· llll!N. IXI\IER .. MRS • r CENIIRS IOTTOM fACE WITH 1• IIIH. CCHER IO 8"'S • T CEN![R$ EKITTtJW fJa" 'MlH 1• MIH. coi,o n _J ~ i i ..... , .. ?~ K VI' 5UB e KNl COUITY l'UBUC WOR<S KING COUNTY, WASHINGTON .. -t::: .. ..., ............. .,. -·· / ' ' ' ' ' / \ ' ' ' ' ' ' ' TYPICAi. ORl[NfATlON fOR H"ttS5 :YiP Slfrs lf MlH. I.T Mffl. r I I..J •fE4s1 11 II ,o I.J.l:l.ttl!lliQI.Ut "'t(q]i • AU. STE.PS at Rl,.t«:,S 16 t;N..V. DCfORMtD REBAR c.t.ICH B&SIH SUP OR COF'Ot:n.t[lt PROP'11.mf, ~ .,. .... s4 f Dt I 1.::i " . 1ol [L_jj -I ~ -' 11 II t'.I.EVATION -, u Pl.AN u -"'"" CAIA:l MW £IP ,.. ""r ,·,...---=---l L ' -+-t-+ I If-_ ,. r _ll.!." Cl1:.IIW<Cf: 1 1.3, ~ ,i Mt-Of Bffi DATE CATCH BASIN 81 NOTES: 1, PROPRIETARY CATCH BASIN 1-WlDHOLOS AND STEPS ARE ACCEPTABLE. PROV\D£0 THAT THO' CONFORM TO SEC. R • ASJU COB, MSHTO M-199 AND MEET All WISHA REOUtREI.IENTS. 2. CATCH 8ASIN STEP /HANOHOlO LEGS SHALL BE PARALLEL OR APPROXII.IA.TELY RACNAL AT THE OPTION OF THE MAN.UF'ACTURER • EXCEPT T~T AU STEPS lN AMY CATCH BASIN SHALL BE SIUII.AA. PENnRATION OF' OUTER WALL BY A LEG IS PROHIBITED. 3. HANDHOLDS AND STEPS SHAl..l HAVE ·oROp'" RUNGS AS SHOWN ON DETAIL OR PROTUBE~CES TO PREVENT SIDEWAYS SUP. 4. SLAB OPENING MAY BE 24• X 2ft OR 24• DlAM. 5. AS AN ACCEPTABLE AlTERNA.ilVE TO REBAR, WELDED WIRE FABRIC HAVING A MIN. AREA OF 0. t2 SQUARE INCHES PER FOOT MAY BE USED. WELDED WIRE FABRIC SHAU COMPLY TO .t.STM A.(97. 6. LADOE'.RS OR STEPS SHALL EX1END TO WITHIN 10 or SOTIOM OF" CATCH BASIN. 7. HANGING U.OOERS St-W.L BE PER"""'IENTLY FASTENED AT TOP BY HAJ'..IGING ON STEP OR BY BOLTING OR EMBEDDING IN CONCRETE. EACH SHAU BE EMBEDDED AT BOTTOM IN BASE. 8. ADDITIONAi.. SAFETY F"EATURES MAY BE REQUIRED IN \IERY DEEP OR UNUSUAL STRUCTURES. ' --' M\'lSION DETAILS R-3/4-9 fi .. ,.. r·- tr ""'· , ...... II ..... i • II ~'1t ,om ' r-~ LP J/< PllfT.AA111C.W:Q I~ r, I AffR'D I DWG. 2-006 NO. ~ "' i i i !I 'l' ! ~ ~ Ill RWC ANO CO'..t1l!. ACUJSTM(NT SECTION iii .. ~ ""·-«>-(lfVEUNG BRICKS 00 ~RAM ·.1 't ""'°' 0"'"""-) t· ~ri .. 4 PRECAST CONE + {ECCENTRIC UNLESS " OTHERWISE $?ECIF1EO) , 4S°, :,4•. OR 6ft . •: I-' - I'/ . ._ -+ - PRfCAST RrSv: S£C:TO.:S rt• stt=UOOER CONSTRUCT IN F'lELD CHANNEL At<1 SHELF TO THE CRO*H Cf" lH[ F'1P£ stOP[ I /{${". > . •. ' PR[CAS"J 8A.St ,I: IKT[GAAI. RISER .• ' 1·-0" I CAAVfl SlCl<.fU FOR FQI..IHOI.T1016 ' w-1. COMPACTED I>CPTM FOR PMCAST BASE ONLY S[PARATC CAST IN f>VrCt 81,S[ OR SEPAR1!T£ PRtCAST BAS£. r-..01::s 2 4 5 6 8. 9 10 ~"&, ~~'1'm,'l&f8YHrn~\'?,H/1'6,A!fR~0~\'m; '-Y_W, cnrec I'~ THE WSDOT/APWA SlANUARD SPECIF:CA-IONS I IAND"iC-LOS IN AOJUSTMEr, T SF\,T,ON SrlALL HAY[ 3' MIN. CLEARANCt ST[PS IN MANHOLE SHALL !-iA'vE 6" MIN (LEARAl\CE SEE Dt,G r-..lO. 2-011, '\/,ANHOI_E DETAJLS' HANDHO_DS SHALL 3E PLACED IN Al ;iJ"!NA~ING GRADE RINGS OR LMUNG BRICK COURSE WTH A v1N OF ON= "1ANfi HOLD BETWEEN TrlE LA.ST STEP A\!D -._,E TOP 01 THE MANHOLE 1\LL REiNFORCED CAST-IN-PLACE CONCRE~E SH/\L_ BE CLASS 4000 .. ALL PRECAST C'.)Nc:Rf-lt SHALL GE CLJ\SS 400D. NON-REl".!FDRCED CONCRETi: IN CH,'\,\!NH /\ND SI l[LI SHALL B:: ClASS. 300C· PRECAST BASES SHALL GE FURN:SHEO \~.m-1 CUTOUTS CR. KlKJ\,KO\JTS KNOCKOUTS SHALL -JAVE 1/#V .. -:-Hl\,KJ\J:':SS 01 Z" k% U!\JSt:D KNOCKOUTS NEED NOT BE GROUTFD IF WALL 13 LEn INTACT PIPES SH/\,.L [3[ INSTALLED rn~LY :N F,'ICTOH.Y KNOCKOUTS I.., \ILESS OTHER'1','ISE APPROVED l3Y fl IE E\IGlr-..EER KNOC>(OUT Cf\ cu-01...,T HOLE SIZE SHA J .. E.OU1\L PIPE DUTE~ DIAM. PLUS l,"ANHOI f-: \NJ'J. .. L · 111CKNESS MAX HO·_E SIZE SHAL_ BE J~ FOR 4.'!' f,!J>J'·HO_f-: .ct• 1·cR 54• IAANHGLE 48' FOR 6Cf M.H MIN. DISTANCE BETWEtN HOL!.:S SI IA_L B:: 8" MANHOLE R1~~c;s /1NIJ COVLRS SI !ALL B:: IN ACCO~DA\ICE WITH SFC 7 IJ~ f\ND MEET T"li: STRENGTH REQI..., REMF\JTS m 1=EDERAL SPECIFICATICN RR-F-621D. r/1\llr-..G SLR'ACES Sf-ALL BE F."JIS"1E,J :() N3:'llJl~F r-..cr-..-ROCKING Fl: WITH AN"' CO\/FR PO~ I ON .A._L BASE REINFORC NC; s·1 Fc:.l SHALL I-IM,1 A Mr-.. YltlO s-RENGTH OF 60.000 PSI /IND GE PlACED 1\1 THE UPPE~ OF THE BASE WITH 1 i',11N ;·;. FN{,\NC:... l'CJR I !EIGHTS OF 12' OR U:SS t,% SOIL t:lll\l{l~JG VA!.L:: Hf\l F SHAI !:-OIJ,\L 3 3:JO POUMCS PER SQUARE FOOT 1-UI~ HI IGW~'. 0\'EH 12' r/ r-.. SOIL BEARING VALUE SHAl l 1--::0UAL 3 &JO POJNDS P:C:R scu:,rn HXlT FOR' DETAILS SHQININC~ (;rwJE l~IN\-' LADDER, STEPS. HN~o-:rn ,-JS f',/\1'.• HJP S....A9S S:CE W/.3. r-,o_ 2-011, 'MANHOl 1-Dt.:IAILS" SEF THF: WSOOT/APWA STA.t,DARD SP::CIFIC . .'.1.TCJNS SFC 7-05 3 FOR JOINT REOUIREMENIS 'i ! fltff"ORCNG STtEL ~ PR£CAST ~ f. M"[GRA,l RlstR OHt. Y) 8:~~ ~: :Jt : EAD-1 =~ ~~ ~ E:tt ;\ 'ff;· L-R[WORCING ST££L (FOR SEP.IP.AT( e,.is.e:s OfojLY) 0.23 SO. N./n. N tM::t1 Dlttcnort FOR '411"" ~ 0.10 SO. jN./Fl. N OCH OIR[CTIOH FOR 5,4'" C..W O.~ so '111./Fl. N OCH tlR[C'OON FOR Ff tw,,1. ! H'~7P::sk~;_f~ ~7-~ ~.1,.,-.-·<t .... '· PRtCAST 8,1,S[ Ji0Wr KNl COUNTY PIJBUC WOA(S KING COUNTY. WASHINGTON O 2 5 SO. IN /fT. IN EACH OftCTION roR f;/J' ~ DAlt .MANHOLE TYPE 1 82 """""' ! Br ~ 48", 54", & 60" qrp-2-007 il s: % ~ i ~ ~HC ANO CO'vtR M>-ADJUSTl.l[NT SECTIOH tLMLING 8AICKS OR GAAllE .t.._ . ...cs OP10W.}. :~ ,.. !:<lilt>-ST£PSl l• / ::f ~ -CAST CONE ', ~ -. J ._ (ECC[NlRlC UNLESS 4( OR ~· --+,. • OTWERWISE SP£C1Fi£D) --+ ~ ·v PRECAST ~S{R Sl:CTIONS TOP SUi8 :\ et L'Oll£R .. 77" OR Q6" ""'": >LOPE I 1 1· ~·· CONSTRc<:T "' nno ""'""" ~ /r /FT ~ . _·. .t.t+O SH[Lr TO UIE CROWN ) ' ~ TH[ PIP£ . '•· '.' .. . • ... I i;· ,. . .• I-' I """"'"''" • • ., ;. r IHT[(;FW. RISER . .. ~ • 2·~ "i GAA'r'CL B>.CKFILL FOR F~TlONS j 6 MIN COMPlrCTED DEPTH g FOR PRECAST £1,1,$£ ONLY. NOTES 2 3 4 5 G MANHCLES SHALL BE CONSTRUCTED IN ACCORDANCE VITTf-1 MSHTO M199 l,'NLESS OTHER'NISE SIIOVVN CN :>LANS CR NO!t.D IN THE WSDOT/APWA STANDARD SPECIFICATIONS HANDHOLDS I~~ ADJUSTMENT SECTION SHALL H.AVE '$' \11N :~LE1\R/\NCE SIEPS IN MANHOLE SHALL HAM 6" MIN c;._EA.~C:: SEE D1\G NO 2-01' 'MAf\1-iOLE DETAILS' HANDHOLDS SHAU_ BE :>LACED IN ALTERNATING GRJ\D[ RING:i rn LE\IEUNG BR!CK CCURSt: VVITH MIN. OF or-..E HANDHOLD t)ET'JVEEN l"HE LAST STEP AND THE TOP OF THE VtANHOLE. ALL REINFORCED CAST-,N-PLACE CONCRETE SHALL BE CL.ASS 4000 NON-R!::INI-ORCED CONCRETE IN CHANNEL A.\/D SHELF S-iALL BE CLA.SS 3000 ALL PREC.:.ST CO'\ICRET[ SHALL BE cus~; 4000. PRECAST BASES SHALL BE FURNISHED V.'ITH CUTOUTS OR KNOCKOUTS KNOCKOUTS SHALL HAVE WMl THICKNESS OF Z: MIN. UNUSED KNOCKOUTS NEED NOT BE GROUTED !F WAIi_ IS IFFT INTACT PIPES SHALL BE iNS'ALLED ONLY IN FACTORY KNOCKOUTS UNLESS OTHERWISE APPROVED BY HIE ENGINEER KNOCKOUT CR CUTOUT HOLE SIZE SHALL EQUAL PIP[ OUTER DIAM PLUS MANHOLE WALL lHICKNESS W0:: HOLE size SHALL BE 60" FOR 72· lvtANHOLE. 84" FCR 9~ MANHOLE M'N DISTANCE BCTWEEN HOLES SHALL BE 12'' MANHOLE RINGS A\JD COVERS SHALL BE IN ACCORDANCE VVITH SEC 7.05 ANO MEET THE SIR!:NGTH REQUIREMENTS OF FEDERAL SPECIFICATION RR-F-6210 MATING SURFACES SHALL BE FINISrCD TO ASSURE NON-ROCKING FIT WfTH ANY COVER POSITION 7. All BASE REINFORC:NG STEEL SHALL HAVE A M:/\. YIE:..D STRENGTH OF 60.000 PSI AND BE PLACED IN Tl-£ U~PER -IA_F OF THE BASE \11/11-1 1 MIN C'_EARANCE 8 9 10 FOR HEIGrTS OF 12' OR LESS MIN. SOIL BEARING VALUE SH.a.\LL EQUAL 3.300 POUNDS PER SQL,ARE i:-ooT FOR 1 ·EIGI ITS OVER 12' MIN_ SOIL BEARING \/AlUE SHALL EQUAL 3.800 POU/\JS PER SQUARE FCXJT FOR DETAILS SHOWING GRADE RING, LADDER, STEPS. HANDHDLJS MD TOP SL.A.BS. S~E ONG. NO 2-011. "MANHOLE OETAJLS.' SEE T-iE WSDOT/APWA STANDARD SPECIFICAT!ONS SEC 7-D5 3 rOI~ .JOINT HEOlJl!H:CMl::r-..TS ,0. •fOR SEPARATE SEPARATt CAS'l'-IN-PIJICE "!. CAST-IH-Pl,i,C( BASE OR SEPN1.Al[ REIN.FORCING Sll[L FOR PREOST B,t.SE & INll'.CRAL RISER ONLY) 'lo ONLY PRCCAST ~[. 0 24 SO. IN /H IN (EACH D1R:£C1ION roR 7 1 D~ 1 0 20 SO IN /n IN [>.CH OIR((;JION FOR >16" OW ! ~ L-RU~rORONC SlEEL \FOR SEPAAATr B,6,5[ ONLY) (i) gj~ ~ :t~~· : ~ Bl~~iv~~ ~~ ~J ~!{ ,.,,, ;] fo! ' • ).:t .,,,.,.,,_ r;/ RING «i,:-::-'.=~·;e,::j PRECASt' BAS[ JOIHT KNO COUNTY PU8UC WOll(S KING COUNTY. WASHINGTON DATE MANHOLE TYPE 2 83 R£V1SIOM 72" I BY I APPR'D I & 96" DWG. 2-008 NO. ~ TOP~ ~•~l-'1H<N~'t .. ~ •' ·, RlNG -!: tO'it~ AOJUSlMC«! Sl:CTIOO (LEVELN; 9ft!CM.S CR {;AAOE AiHGS OPTION,l,L.). l(l I 'r. ,;, w X . . ~~ STE?.l00tJDER2 ~· .. ~·""'-.'""''-'-'·':."...;°"::::...':,''-!'-~~ i 1-.... ~_.:::..:~?""?r==1"i--~o~~c,1 ~ ',i:. • . • PMCAST Mst 6: _. 1 INTEGRAi.. RISER 1"-{1' FOR 4r' .~ 6: ro" ~-'f •. 2'-(f f"OR ,r ii: ~ DW.I. ! 9 SfPAAAT[ C.ltST IN Pl.AC[ iJS ~ • roo SEPNtATE 8ASt OR S[PAAATt ~ ~ ~~-IN-Pl.AC[ PR[CAST l!AS(. ) ~ REINrORCING SITEL (FOR SEPARATE BASCS ONLY) jS' 0.23 S<l. 1N./Fl. IN tacH OMCTO\I FOR '48'" 0~ ~ . 0.111 SQ. IN./FT. IH [ACH ORCTIOH Fc,l 5,4• OIAM GRAVEL 8ACK11LL FOR FOU~OATIONS 6 YN. C-0-WNctro oc.M~ FOR PRECA$l 8'SE ONLY. r,,mrs f, 1/\ '-JHCl[S SHA....L BE ::::ONS"TRUCTF] IN /\CCORDA\ICE WITH AASHTO M199 UN: FSS OIHU;:'NS[ SJ-KJ/,.1\1 ON PLANS CR f\OlE) IN IHE WSDOT/APWA ST.;J\IDJ'..RD SF'ECII ICi\TCNS 2 H.A.ND~Ol.DS IN /\DJUSTMENT SECTION S-f.llJ...L H-\\'l S' Mlt\ CLEAR/\NCE STF'S IN M/\l'JHOLE SHA1...l H ,; \r, 6• MIN Cl.EPW\NCE SFF !)J\f;_ NO 2-Cl1 '., ·t..,\ANH()L.E CETPL.S 1-W\1DHOLD5 SHALL 3E PU..CED IN AL TERNA Tl'-J(C GRADE. RINGS rn LEVELING BRICK COL)RSE '-,\'!TH i\ Mlt\. Of CNE HANDHOLD BET1.1\IE'ff\' ··-iE U..ST STEP A"-jO Tl-:E TO-' OF TH:-rvt<;NI !OLE 3. ALL .RElt\FORC:Ff) Ct,ST IN---P ...ACE CONCRETE S'-lf'.U BF CIJ1S':> 4000. 4. 5 6. 7. e. 9 111 NON KE:INFORCED Cet-JCRE""E t\ CH/•.NNEC.. 1\\/D SrlELr'" SHALL BE CLASS 3000. ALJ PHt.C.A.sT CO\JCRETE SH.ALL BE CLASS •1000. =RECAST BASES SHALL RF fUR\JISHED WITH CJTOIJTS CR KNOCKOUTS :<NOCKOLTS SI-I.PL f-AM \~i'.AJ...... iH!CKfESS Cf '2"' MIN UNUSED KNOCKOL TS NEED NOT RE c:;i~(XJTED IF WAJ...L IS ...£FT INTACT PIPES ;C;H1\l_l_ G[ .NSTALLED ONLY If\ FACTOR.v KNOC:KOU'.S UNLESS OTHER\NSE APPR0v£.O RY 11---JE: LNGI\JEER K.'KX::KOJI CR CUTOl.J"""" HOLE StZE SHAl.L FOU/\L PIPE 0.Jf-=R DIAM. PLLS IJ'..-'\\JHDI I_ V1.1NJ_ THICKNESS MAX. hO~ SIZE" S-!ALL BE 3 6 IOR. .ta"' 1.4 H., .t2" FCR 54"" MH 48"' rrn 6(f' MH. 6 6 F(~ 1'1" M H::.t. s.r Fa< 9 C r.: H MIN DISTANCE BET'NEEN HOLES SHAl..L. BE H H)I~ 4 6. 54•, MC 6 6 MH, 1 °L Fffi 7 1 .AJ\'[) 9 6 r,._1;11 MANHOLE rw ... c;s mo CO'ERS SHALL BE IN ACC' .. OPCJJ\NCE WflH SEC. 7 .05' PND M::F.T Tl-E S"!RENGTH REOUIRE\1ENTS CE FEDER.Al SPECIFICATION RR-r-6210. MATlNG SURFAC::C:S SH.ALL BE FINISHED 1D ASSURE NON-ROCKING FIT WITH ANY C\'1\IEF~ f-'OSI ! ION All B.ASE REINFC>RCING STFF_ SHAll H :._r,..1 /J.. MIN. YIELD STR[J\J(.,;n, ()F 60.000 PSI mo BE PI/\C[D IN -:llE UPPER OF THE SASE'. WITH 1 MIN. CLEARA\ICE FOR HEIGHTS Of 1:t CR LESS MIN. SOIL BCAR:ING VALUE HALF SHALL EQUAJ... 3.300 POUf\DS PER SQUARE FOOT. FOR HEIGHTS O.ffi 12 MIN SOIL BEARING \IALl,'F SKALL [QUJ'-1 3.800 POJNDS PER SQUARE FOOT FOR DFT/11l_S SHO\'VING GRAOE RING. LADDER, STE~ HANDHOLOS, mJ TOP SLN..1s_ SEE D/..G NJ. 2-c,,, ·r..v1\HCJLL:: DHAlLSW SEE THF WSOOT/APWA ST.;J\IDARD SPECIFICATlONS SEC: 7-05.3 FOO. JOINT REOUll""iL.Ml.:NTS to J 0.2~ SQ_ IN./n. IN u,C;tl [)IR((:1'~ FOR ed [)w,t 1 ,i!; 0-" SQ. IH./n. IN f,,CH OIR[CTIQH FOR 7'r DIAM. l ~ 0.3', SO. ~./Fl. IN £>,CH Oltt:C'TIOO fOR v,t; CM.tM. REH'OOO~ Stm {FOR ~CAST e,..s[ & INT[GIU.I. RISCR Of.11.Y) ,) ~ SO. IN./Fl. \" OCH OO!tc:TIOf,j FOR 411" OWi. ~ (j) ~ . NG . PRECAST B,l,.S£ JOINT KNCI COU',/TY Pl.a.JC WOll(S KING COUNTY, WASHINGTON ~J, f6: ::;'H i~ ~ =~ ~ ~ ~- 0.2• so. N./n. , EACH wrCTJOH Fm rr w,,1 0.29 SO. 111./n. \" £>.CH DIRECTION Fffi id" 00,N . om MANHOLE TYPE 3 48" 84 - ' 54" ' 60", i., 1 ...... 1 72", & 96" DWG. 2-009 NO. NOTES 1. MANHOLES SHALL BE CONSTRUCTED IN ACCORDM~CE \MIH MSHTO M199 UNLESS OTHERWISE SHOWN ON PLANS OR NOTED IN THE WSOOT/;JJWP. STANDARD SPECIFICATIONS. 2. HA\!DHOLDS IN ADJUSTh1ENT SECTIO~l SH/'.LL HliVI': J' MIi\ CLEARANCE STEPS IN IJANHOLE SHALL nAVE fi MIN CLEARPJ'.JCE SEE DN3. NO 2-011, 'Ml1NYOLE DETALS' 3 MANHOLE RiNGS AND COVERS SHALL BE IN ACCORJANCE VflH SEC. 7 CS AND MEET T"iE STRENGTI I REOUIRLf,-'.l-N!S DI-- FEDERAL SPECIFICATIOI\ RR-F-G21D MJ•,TING SUR;:::ACES S·I.C\LL BE FINISHED TO .C\SSU~C N'.JN-ROCKING FIT WITH /\NY COVER POSITION 4 ALL PRECAST CONCRETE SHALL f£ CLASS 4000 5 FOR DEiAILS SHOVVING GRADE RING l.AOOER, STEPS HANDHOLDS AND TOP SUBS. Scf D./\/C~ N:J. 2-011, •MANHOLE DE-A LS. 6. NOT Fen USE iN --:-RAFFIC BEARlNG AREAS. <I. •8'" OWi. RISEfl: SECTION GAArTED TO PIPE SY rASRIC".lTOft (i) <I. El EYATION KNl COUNTY PUBLIC WOA(S KN3 COUNTY, WASHINGTON _ .. RE!Nf"ORClD CONCROE PF[ "4s" WIN. DlilM. ii ~ ii )l STEPS RING MO CQ((R F'RECIST CON£ (ECCENTRIC Ut4£SS OTHERWIS.E SPEC!f®) Pf<fCAST RISER SECTIONS '--------',-\?>----wEl.D f:ELNF'O/'fClNG STEEL SECTION A A DA1E Rl'V1SIOH MANHOLE TYPE 4 85 Of J'OltflS BY APPR'D l DWG. NO. 2-010 ~ ,. r=-i _J Si !.....J~ +I' y ._ W: I9P 51.M ' s ! ~?.! 11'. TOP Sl.AB -, _J ~ ! !_.__._._ ? ~ .. UJt S:1,¥1 KNCl COl.fflY PUIUC WORKS KING COUNTY. WASHINGTOI-I h BARS O 6 (:£HfEAS bcrrrow rACE f MIN COYER " """ • 6 <£"1[RS BOTTON FACE 1' ~-COVER I& BAAS • -r ctNT!RS """°"'"-' 1" WIN_ COV[A. .. • AU. STEPS &: RUNGS --r DW,I. GN_V REMA OR toPOt,.Yl.l(lt PROPn.ENE. 1o[8""§11 II _;J " u u ""'""""' -e], MN:tDE srrr ~ N'._:ILS :iRo:iRl[~A~Y Vi\NHO:...E HANDHOLDS ANC STE;:,S ,\IIE ;\(;CE?'.-,\tU.C PROV10E0 TIIAT TI--EY CO\FORM TO SEC R. ASTM C478, AASHTO Mt99 A.ND M[[T .AU WISHA REOUIREr,.'EWS 2 MANHOLE STEP/HANDHOLD 11 c;;; SI 1.,\LL BE P/\RAI IF OR /\F'PROXIWdLLY RA.CIA:... AT ~HE OPTION OF fr:: MANUfACTU~t:R. EXCEFT THAT Al I :_;r!---.PS ~! A~Y MANHOLE SHALL BE SIMIU-R PENETRATION OF JUTER 1/1-'A_l BY A LEG IS PROH!81TED. 3. ~DHOLOS f'.\D srnrs SHALL HAM "'oAop" ~UNGS OR PROTUBErl.ANCES TO PREVENT SIDEWAYS SL! P 4 UDDLI\~ 01~ ::CI l.::YS SHN.l ::':XTENC TO WITHIN 16 01-BOTI:Jr-..-1 Of MA\"10LE 5. ~ANGING LADDERS s-."',LL BE :-irnrvV,NrnTLY FASTE\:::O 1\T TOP 6Y ,"lA\GING :J\ STEP OR BY ~Olll\3 OR :CMB:CDD·NG IN cmicR.aE. EACH SHAL_ 3E EMBEDDEC AT BOTTOM , N ~ G. ADDIT :JNAL SAFCTV rEATUR[$ MAY 1::H: ·{U'llkED L'.I v:::.:Y DE:CP OR UNUSt.1.1\L s-RUCTIJRES R•J/4" ·t l,'j ,.LI I ~~~ ~[[d]i f8 CALV. om>•E> HEVATION ""'" .Y,t,NttPI f PB9P ffllHG SUP ,· ,.. .-r C1 r ,. R[BA,R fiSl!iltE Bit£ .... MANHOLE 86 ll£VISION DETAILS ' __. """" 11 GAl,.V. swoon< STtEL ' ~\ 3/4" P8[£':f!R!C4TIP I MKtf8 ~ i • .. rmJl· 2-011 " ,:i..,._.,.~ !\ND (;R.1,T'E SEE SEC. 7.05 ?N) APPUCA!!Ll'. DWC-$ 6" RISER SECTION \OTES CURB I\_ET TO BE CONSTRUCTED II, A.CCORDANC::: VVITH ASTM c,178 & C890 IJN_ESS OTHER'NISE SHOWI\ ON PL!l..NS OR NOED N THE SiAI\J.2\f-m SPECIIICAT:ONS /JS AN ACCEPTABLE ALTERNA-:WE TO REBAR, VVE_DED WIRE =Nrs.1c H1Wlf-JG /.. MIN r,RFf\ OF ,J 1 '.! SQU/\RF INC-ffS PER FOOT klAY BE USEJ 'WELDED 'NIRi:-: FABRIC SHALL COMPlv TO P1STM AL97 \1,'IRE =A5q1c SHALL NOT BE PLACFD IN K,\OCKCil)TS 3 Al_l RFINFORCED CAST-IN-PLACE CONCRtff: SHALL :'if:. C:..ASS 4000. 1 #3 BAA HOOP -------~ ~ 4 PRECAST BASES SHALL BE "URNISHED WITH CUTOUTS OR 2 ,1 BAR HOOPS ~ 11 ~ EACH CORI€• IJ BAA. EACK SiOE. TOP &: BOTIOM 1-,·J e.<.R ACROSS sonm.1 @ KNG COUNTY PUBLIC WORKS KING COUNTY. VVASHINGTON '~ l 12" RISER SECTION PRECAST BASE SECTION O,,EASUREMENT AT THE TOP UF" f'HE BASE) "'" CURB 87 KNOCKOU'S KNOCKOUTS SHALL HA'JE A WALL TH CKNESS OF 2" MIN .4.LL PIPE SHALL BE INSTALLED 1M FACTORY :.JRQVIOE::: KNOCKOUTS UNUSED KNCCKOWS NEED NOT 3E GROL TED IF WALL IS LEFT INTAC- KNOCKOUT OR curou-HOLE SIZE Is EQUAL TO PIPE OUT::R OIAM PLUS CURB INLE::T WALL 1HICKNESS ROUND KNOCKOUTS VAY BE ON ALL 4 SIDES VVITH M•\X DIAM or 1/. THE MAX DEPTH FRO\/, THE FIN:ShED GR4.DE TO THE PIPE INVER"'." IS s·-o". 8 THE TN'ER ON THE SIDES OF THE PRECAST BASE SECTION AND R'SER SECTION SHAL_ NOT EXCEED 1 /r /FT. 9 CONCRETE INLET FR4.ME A~J GRATES S,-iALL BE IN ACCORDANC:C V\'1TH STANDARD SPECIFICATIONS .4.ND lv'iEET THE STRENGTH REQUIRE\lENTS OF FEDERAL SPECIFICAT:oN RR-F-621D l\11A.TINC SURFACES SHALL BE ::1NISH:':D TO ASSURE NON-ROCKING FT WITH ANY OTHER COVER POSIT:ON 10 FRA\,1E AND GRt..TE MAY B::: INSTALLED VVITH FL.l..NGE 00'.NN OR CAST INTO RISER RE\.~SIW INLET RY I APl>"'O I OWG. 2 -012 NO. I I/ff' 1'YP 2,,;: 7/ff' Tl'P. 'SLOT ,6r LETTERS RCC£SSEO T BE nuSH4 ' ' ' ~-... ~!ITT10,IO,,,~.,ffGIIJ.I .tl.- TOP YJEW 2J J/4" ~ see [)[TNl "' ;, • I I ~I .j u ~ :u===i I i •• ,,,, := "''" -t I J I ,. :, 7ff 3·· 5 23 1/'f SIDE VIEW =,-:, ··-I!_:__] $LOT DETAn ... ""'" ~ _JLu.- (i) KNJ COUITY PUUC WOR<S KING COUITTY. WASHINGTON ,. ~· ' ,,. ~ BOTTOM YIFW 17 J{,:' J/~ L:= 17 1/'!_ ENO YJEW NOTES: 7 1/-'" FOR i,.,.t.'.:-i-,;>;-:; CWIW<C[ TMS fWI" 1• THICK {NP. 4 P\J,CES) f'LIIJ'i!S 1 'V~ TttlO!. "" "''"' W:$ I 'J/tf ln,Ci,. , THIS AAU. liVnN:. PAOS ! -3/4" X I J/4" X 1/tr SLOT FORMED MID RECESSED FOR 5/tr -11 NC X t" SOCKET HEAD {ALLEN HEAD} CJJP SCRE'N 2. CRATE SHALL BE CAST IRON PER AStM ,ll,,48 CLASS 30 UNLESS OTHERWISE SPECIFIED J SEE SEC. 7 .05. 4. THE WORDS 'PROPERTY OF KING COUNTY' SH.AU.. BE OMITTED IF CRATE IS ON PRNAl£ SYSTEM. DATJ: -BY I APPR~ I STANDARD GRATE 'Wi~· 2-013 88 ,.. ., -l!VEL P~ 16 -J/4• X 2 1/.(' X 1/t{ ' -'-...'. '/.. I __J = -'--11 s.' J A w Ir ~ n I ,. ~ SEC NOTE 1 Jl ...........::'I ~ L -L -----i ~. - ~ ~ I 1e"" k. 2, 9/16" l+1/32'". ~rr NP.} 1r ~ ~ = ~~ 1 ' te X 22" OPENING 11 I ~ 17 J{.4 X 23 J{.•• (+1/Jt". -Cl TYP.) __ ,_,· SEl:TIQ~ A A NOTES 1. DRILL A.ND TAP FOR AND PROVIDE. W\/0 LOCKING B:JL TS 516-11 NC STAINLESS TYP[ 304 STEEL SOCKET HEA.D (ALLEN H:CAD) CAP SCREWS 2."' LO~JG V,'H'::N usrn WITH SOLID COVER !DWG NO 2-015) ffi \VHEN SPECli="IED BY E\GINEER 2. FRA.ME MATERIAi... IS CAST If.I.ON PEI-{ ASTt.4 /\42 C,.ASS .30 1. :• ,..,., L_ GUTTER _7------ VERTICAL CURB SEE NOTE 4 I L -,r------ WIT<R _/ FXTR\ /PED Cl 188 93: N.OTl. 4 T 3. St:.T FRAME TO GRADE AND CONSTRUCT ROAD AND GUTIER TO 3:: FLUSH vv-rn FRAME D.tlC HE\/1.SION BY I APPR'D 4 SEE SE.C 7 ,05 (i) KING COl.NTY PI.IBUC WOAKS KING COUNTY, WASHINGTON STANDARD FRAME WITH VERTICAL OR EXTRUDED CURB INSTALLATION 89 C[M{Nl CONCRETE CURB ~ CAl0-1 El.lSIN '.\'A 1 £X1RUDED ClJRe ~ CATCH BASIN \'i L' L DWG. NO. 2-014 ~ .. A ~ 0 JJ __ :.L< z 3/F5' r 2 JJa" l '!,/'fJ t::i I I 1 ··-1 f ~ =-<:> <:> g ii ====b~ <:> <:> <:> <:> . <:> <co> ~~<>-<:> <> <::> -~ <> <> <:>-<:> :== <:>-<:> <::> ~~~ ~d R•l/4" SfE NOIT 2 1 /t' LETTERS RECESSED TO BE FLUSH~ LMuNC PAD 8 -1/ff' X J/4" X 1 }/'4" PlAN COVER "' "-__:/ ::=t~~ -g " • -cccc=---J''• ---====;] f ~ h NOTES: 1. USE 1Nm-: ::-~ME (DWG. NO 2-014) D~ILL:'D A'.JJ TAPPED ::-oR !.OCKING BOLTS 2 JSE 1NfTH T<i\O LOCK'\/l.; LlOL TS 5/8" -·1 ', t,C STAJNLESS STEEL TYPE 304 STE:"I SCCK[T f--<EAD 1AL_EN HS'\DJ G'lf' SCREWS, 2• LONG. 3. W.TER!AL iS C.~ST f"-(0\/ PER A.Sm A.4.~ Cl :1ss ·30. 4. :-::.lL SEC. 7 05 . -,r : . ---:yJ :' :,] ff/h!2+::*7° z " -9fk»7/kk~ - -~ . II I ' ,;,· I ~I L~ {, l_ ·-~ .. ::J '""""° ' . SECTION A-A THE V110R0S 'PR'."JPrn IY c::-KlNG COUNTY' SHALL BE OM:TIED If COVER IS Qr, A PRNAT( SYST!:M KNCl COlM'Y PUBLIC WOlf<S KING COUNTY, WASHINGTON 90 DATE SOLID R£Y1SION COVER I 8Y I APPR'D I DWG. 2-015 NO. ,.. a, ~ 1/~ :il ~ ' ~ A )! a, DRIU. a-TAP TWO vr -11 NC HOLcs. THRU FRAMt i..£V[LIHC PNJ 7-!/tf' X 3/4~ X 2 1/4" (m>.) MIN OfW1 ON THIS s« fl.&, r--L HOOO AITACKES AS ...,.,. Ir---~\ 1 l :J ur ./.I ,1,-f ,,,1,· 11 ,., ,!,r " "' :::-L"l:I . ::-S.- ~r~ L~_-1£:;_ . SECTION A-A ,., ~ ,¥ rw r-11 ~ ' I I I I I ' " C 1: C -- I .• I I ' L-> ~ JG1.- SECTION B-B NOTES: S[[ NOTE J--... 2: -1" OWol. MOLES roR J/4" BOLT, ....S.H[R. ,t N\.11'. 5[£ f"°1I: 4 1 . MATERIAL IS CAST IRON A$T"4 A•B CLASS 30. 2. SEE DWG. NO. 2-018 FOR \/.A.NED GRATE. HOOD DElAIL _;: L__L _;: SECTION C C >. il ' - ~ J. PAlTERN ON TOP SURF'ACE OF' HOOD SHALL BE .3/1 S-NON-SKID DIAMOND. 4. BOLT, WASHER. ANO NUT SHALL BE GAlV. OR CORROSION RESISTANT. S. SEE SEC. 7.05. om REVISION BY AP'PR"O I ~ KNG COlAIITY PUBLIC WORKS KING COUNTY, WASHINGTON THROUGH-CURB INLET FRAME DWG. 2-016 NO. 91 I V Pl..ANT!NC ~; ~ > --~ F? I F >=F /a _, - ~ V I <J STIIIP OR SroEW,IJ,.K ~~ > !p "'" k p,= " " F~ >== ,. ~ >-F '"" --- flt,tL V -~ ~ DUMIIY JOmTS V -- B u -- !ii e• j1~ ~l CURB-~ r--------------~~-DUW1' JOI~ NOTES: CUTTIR·7-------- CATCH e.-51H SECTION A-A ,;, 1 SET TO GRADE AND CONSTRUCT ROAD AND GUTIER TO BE FLUSH WITH FRAME. 2. SEE SEC. 3 04' FOR JOINT REQUIREMENTS ~~ •. t , GUITER_/ DATE CA.lCH B,l,SIH SECTION B"E! REVlSION UY I APPR'D I ~ KNQ OClUNTY PUBUC \1\1'.JRKS t<ING COUNTY. WASHINGTON THROUGH-CURB INLET FRAME & GRATE WITH VERTICAL CURB INSTALLATION 92 DWG. 2-017 NO. ' ' 1-Mo131 , ~, . ) II ._ __ .. bJ) !~ ! NOTES: ;,= ;= ;:= = 1 SELf-LOCK VANED GRATE LIANUfACTURER SUBJECT TO APPROVAL BY ENGINEER. ~ 2 US[ WITH "TWO 1..0CKINC 130L TS 5/8" -11 NC ? STAINLESS TYPE .504 STEEL SOCKET HEAD ~~ ):= ;= ):= ;= (ALLEN HEAD) CAP SCREWS 'i" LONG. NOTE ~ ~ I ~ SLOT DETAIL. ;:=;:::: :-l=~ ):= ;= ~ ,. MATERlAl IS DUCTILE IRON ASTt,4 A536 GRADE e ~ -80-55-06. " 4. ·oUTfAlL TO STREAM DUMP NO POLLUTANTS" " MAY BE LOCATED ON BORDER AREA. -= l:=..::= =a= 5. sn:: SEC. 7.05. ~ ~ . ----""~·~·=-, BE OMITIED JF GRATE IS ON PRIVATE SYSTEM. r---, 1--Ernw1 r---, r >. ' ' ' ' ! I ~ L&n.Ni PAO 1/3" X 3/4• X .! 1/,4• [y,. - ..... I fOR SLOT [)[TAil SE[ 2J 3/4-OWC.. NO. 2-01!1 .El.Al:l ·=~ ~ ~ ~ / r, /, r, r, r, r, / ,,.--. I t. t. : t. ' t. ' t. ' l ' l ' t. f I El fYAIION I DAT[ I REVtSIOH. 1 .. 1 ..... 01 (i) KNl COIMrY PUIIUC WOFl(S VANED GRATE DWG. 2-018 KING COUNTY, WASHll'IIGTON NO. 93 I (i) LMLING P,A.D 6 -J/4' ;: :, 1/4." )( 1/13" ' " ~ ~ I A 1 /';!' LETTtRS - RECESS:£0 TO BE FLUSH. "' " '' I 1111 ~ 0 , ~~ ::==:::: i 111 _ ---~i '' . ---~ :===:::::j.,: I~ 0 ' ;cJ ~ ::==::I " ~---~" " __ ____I_~:-';~---~ " ,JW L,,;~ lYP, ' 1Yf' !l___!h~ £L.6fj -~, • A St ______:j -~~ I __J s\ c__ __ _ ~ S3J "' ... I ~:-f I .1 SECTIQN A-A ~ om KNl COUNTY PUBLIC WORKS KING COUNTY, WASHINGTON ROLLED CURB 94 NOTES: FRAME MATERIAL IS CAST IRON ASTh1 A48 CLASS 30. 2. SEE SEC. 7.05 . 3. THE WORDS ~PROPERTY OF KING COUNTY" SHALL BE OMIITED IF ON A PRIVATE SYSTEM 4. NOT TO BE USED ON THICKENED EDGE ROADWAYS. ' ' . R£V1SION ~----I In I APPR'D I & GRATE OWG. 2-019 NO. !I ~ 2'-ff ~1-l i «' 1 "1/ , \r, m i1 ~ ;11 §:1 ~sl ":: I 1{ I ~ ~ I :s ~ I , ! ~ I ~ ! A I ! ~ ~ LJ I Iii I I :: - 1t V v~ Vo a:~ ~-----~ s " ~---~~ ::==='.t ,--~c==:J~ ~~~~~ --,---,• gl" .,,, ~ :. fii,t! KING cou-nY PUBLIC WOAKS KING COUNTY, WASHINGTON I A I LJ I I ~ ROLLED P.G.C. SIDEWALK TRAN$1TION FRONT EDGE OF FRAME FLUSH ',tr'in--l STREET /GUTIER SURFACE ] _,___,_, SECTION A A NOT::S 1. SET FRAiv1t: -o GRADE AND CONSTRUCT ROAD 1\NJ CURB "'."::) BE: FLUSH .A.T FRO'\ T At'.D BACK OF ;:RAVE 2 SEE SEC. 7.05. ~ -HE' VVDRDS ""ROPERTY OF KING COUNTY' SHAL_ 8:: OMITIED Ir GRATE IS ON A PRNA l l::. SYSTEri.1 4 NO-TO BE L..SED ON THICKENED EDGE ROADWAYS -BACK ED<iE OF fRAIJ( MN 1111TH BA,Ci< FA.Cf. OF CURB [ ---Rr'IISIOH BY I Af'PR'O I CURB FRAME & GRATE INSTALLATION 95 DWG. 2-020 NO. (i) "' ~-,Jn~~ ~~ 'i~~~~~, NOTES: A 1. MATERW.. IS CAST IRON ASTM A46 CUSS 30. 2. SEE SEC. 7.05. 3. THE V\ORDS 'PROPERT'I' OF KING COUITT'f' SHAU BE OMITTED tr ON A PR1VAT£ St'ST£1,1;_ ~~ ~. --·· ~ N -"\ ~rw KNQ COUNTY PUElJC WOfl(S KIHO COUNTY, WASHINGTON 11 1{.r m .f?J.&j ,,. I ,· ,,. SECTION A-A I 1··nrr 11 ,·1-- --~ ~ SECTION a a DATE -1 .. 1 ...... 1 ROLLED' CURB VANED GRATE 96 emf· 2-021 (i) ""'" ,,. A __J '.!!. 'll'llh ~ ~ __'.:I 1 J/tci-r-, N S£CI10N A-A KINCI COUNTY Pl&JC WORKS KING COUNTY. WASHINGTON DAWO un1"c HCU 4 11 1.l1 t/' f .'c'.\lo Cl.NT£R RPI I DOWN QfTAU '/'" 'S.i r-J ~T SO. ~_j~ -,5. • '.!!. ::, ~ covr~ ~ KIO DESIGN PETA!L $ NOTES: USE Wllti THREE LOCKING BOLTS 5/8'"-11 NC STAIN~ESS TYP[ 304 STEEL SOCKET HEAD (ALLEN HEAD) CAP SCREWS t" LONG. DRILL HOLES SPACED 120 AT 11 1 / 1 6 RADIUS. 2. MATERl.A.L IS DUCTILE IRON ASTM A536 GRADE B0-55-06 3. SEE SEC. 7.05. 4 DRILL THREE 1 INCH HOLES SPACED AT 1200AND 9 1/2"' RADIUS. DATE LOCKING MANHOLE 97 REV15"'" COVER wr I APPRn I OWG. 2-022 NO. ~ •• SEE NOIE 2 " fl6tj 26 3/4- 2!'i 1/4" ,.. ~: ~ ~-: ==========~ KIIIG COUr.rY PU'!UC WORKS KING COUNTY, WASHINGTON 26 l/4• "'4 1/~ SECTION A-A LOCKING 98 DATE NOTES: 11 1,'1S FRO~ CflflFR .• ' fillll=DDWN _Jl.EIAIL '" ' " --:! ;, 1. MATERIAL IS CAST IRON ASTh1 A4S CLASS 30. 2. DRILL AND TAP THREE s;e· -1 l NC HOLES THROUGH FRAME AT 120" NJD 11 1 / 16. RADIUS. 3. SEE SEC. 7.05. REVISION BY I APPR'D I MANHOLE FRAME DWG. 2-023 NO. 0 ~~~LNEy G/ _ 01/ER EXCAVATE TO ACCOMMODATE ROCK £=St. f,·-d' •w. ROCK-LINED SHOULDER DITCH JN Fill.~ n~ ,., NOTES DITCH IS LOCATED AT TOE OF FILL DEt:PER RCCK FIL~ MAY BE SPECIFIED ;i Sff SFC i'.02 _fJ'-o" rlJRBFP $HOU! PER 4'-0" ~·-o-4'-(f ,·-.e-__ l ~-~," I ~ ovrn EXC,W,\T[ TO ACCOMMODATE l'IOC:K ROCK LINED SHOULDER DITCH IN CUT SECTION KN) COLlmY PUBLIC WOPl<S KING COUNTY, WASHINGTON ! oi _____ J TURNPIKE Sf-:OULDER DATE REVISION ROCK-LINED SHOULDER DITCHES & OR TURNPIKE SHOULDERS 99 BY~ CURBED DWG. 2-024 NO. ROUND SOLID COVER Mo\RK.£0 •oRAIH" Wrt1-l LOC!<:IHG 80\..TS. SEE [1111(; "!OS 2-022 a 2-02.3 NO~S l'IF'F Sl.::'.t:.S AND SLOPES PER PlA\JS 2 OlJTl.ET CA.PAC TY 0()1 L[SS I HAI\! COMBI\IED INLETS OVERFLOW E1.£V TO P1!CVl0t D[1ENTION a, OL SCP.1/tAflON N:R PUNS Ji~- ~~ . . W E & t.A00£fl 00 STEPS Ol'FSE'T. SEE NOTE t. F'ltl.WE & ro.t:fl: El[V PER PUN J EXCLPl AS SHO'v'l'N CR NOTED, lJ/\'ITS SH/\Lc_ BE cm~s-RUCTED IN ACCOHIJ/\N(:L vvm1 ->--JE R::OUIREMEt\TS I-(}~ Ct,TCII BAS,N TYR:: 2, ~4' IJIIN OlA.M. 4 PIPE SUF'POl~IS 1\NlJ RESTRICTOR/SEPARATOR SH1\LL LlE a= S,1*,E MA.TERAL. AND BE 1'\J\CI ICRl::D .t..T 3' \VO: sr..:..c1r\JC:; RY S{f!' DIAM STAlNL£5S ,rm FXP<\SSION BO_TS CR EM:-lf--' )[}ED [ I\J '·NA.:..L SEE NOTf \0. P!PE SVPPORT{S) 5 X 080" LN\ft:RT (LEVA.To-I PC:R f>\.AN R£Sffl!CTOR Pl,f.,'ft WTTH ORIFICE AS SPECIFIED r,.()T NfEOEO ~ ONLY FOR OIi. POlLU'tKIN CONTROi.. 1·-cr .. ,. ... -.. . .. ~-MIN. j ~ .. l ! CATCH BASIN TYPE 2 DIN4. AS R[OI.M£O SEE DWG 00 2-00~- RC"40VA8LE WAlV:- ""'1 """""' Pl.ATE Wl1H ORIFICE A.S SPECIFIED J{J ~ El BQ\Ai 1~,nt:.11 KNCl COlMY PUlUC WOAKS KING COUNTY. WASHINGTON ' ..... STEPS a. LADO£R: SEE DWG NO 2-006 CLtN+Q(.rr CATE: Sr,t).P GA.TE. SEE DwG. NO 2-026 l~ El.t'J. PCR PVJ,I 5 11---E RESTRlCTOR/SEPARATOR SI 1.41...L 2E fABRICTEO l-l~Dr-,1 060. ALUMit\L:rvf 2R .064. tL.lrv11NIZED STEEL. ffi 064• c;1'\L..\i/\NIZED s-EE_ Pl:)E. IN ACCOPD,\NCL '.',1TII AI\SHTO I/ :C.fi M "!:-i6 M 197 .t\J\L M 274 GA.I 1/ANl?I D STIU S.-!.A.11 HArV ·nEATIVIENT 1 5 {)lf'."':..ET SI-ALL BE CONM-Clt] :'"J CJ'--\/E:;:T CR SEv\ffi F'IPf-: 'i',TTH 1\ ST/>J\D/\J-ID COUP_ N3 BANJ Fffi CORRUC3ATED METAL t':F'I-_ rn GROJTEO NTO TI--JE BEL~ OF COt-.J(J~[TE PIPE 7. I r1r: VERTICAL FtlstR STEU OF TI-if-A[STICTOR/SEPARATOR SH.All BE THE SAME 0~. J.S THE HORIZOl\'IAL OUllET PIPE. WITH AN 15' MIN DIAM. 8. FRAME MJI} LADDER OR STEPS OFFSET ?D "H1\l A CLtANOlJT CATE IS VISIBLE F:;:OM TCf' 9 111 B. CLIMB D'.J'/\IN SPACE IS CLE.AF~ OF l~IS[R ,\ND ClEANOUT CA rt . C r;'RAME IS CLEAR Cf" CURB IF METAL OUTLET PIPE CONNl::CTS -o CEMENT COf\.CRETE Pll-'t OlJTLET PIPE TO I-AVE SMOOTH OD EOUAL. TO CONCRETE PIPE I.D LESS 1 / 4•. MUL71-0R'FICE ELBOV'JS MAY BF l_DCA!ED M3 Sh()\,\N ffi AL_ O:\J ONE SIOE OI-K srn TO ASSURE l.ArJDER CLEA~CE ,,,,,{-:~----: '. ~- / l .,, \ ~--J4~--~:7~"::J. '\; A-~-,,,,_ __ ~ : / '"Jn:: : ~ If 11 1111 I I : \ •:11:: i / i ", -~~'"" ' 'L '~--' ' 'I!: v~;-,i). v-. .., \ \I "\ :'if.: I \ \.,, ~ /~. ',,~" £l.8!'L DAT[ IIEVJ$IOfl lovl....-.1 FLOW RESTRICTOR / CONTROL DEVICE, TEE OIL POLLUTION TYPE (FROP-T DWG. 2-025 NO. 100 SIX MN LY SPICED HOLES ON 10 J/fi' BOLT CIRCLE FOR 90LTING TO fl.NtGE CONNECTION c=i. !v\NO!..E WITH LOCK PIN. ~UST"8L£ LOCK HOOK 1'.m-1 LOCK SCRBN / / \/All\ABLE LENGTH Y 1· ROil OR TUBING. . -~---'~~ NOTES 0 , , , , ' ' ' ,,/",,. ; '·,,\ \0 ' ' ' ' ' ' ' I ' ' lMLUHE , , ' ' ' ' ' '•, ' , ; ,/ IO ; , "' ,,, ,',,. .... ----.,.--(",,."r ,,___ ,-' V / 0 0 .Efillli! LIO HANDLE ~ ; 0 L cl<NDLE SK>LL BE ATI,>l:HEO PER W\NUF>-CTURER'S RECO~~ENOATIONS SHEAR GATE SIIALL BE ALUMINUM /\LLOY PER ASTM R-26-ZG-.no 0~ CAST IROI\ ASTM A4B Cl.ASS JIIR /\S Rl::.OUll~ED 2. GArE SH/\LL tH-8~ DIN,t UNLESS OT"'!ER'NISE SPECl::IED. J_ GATE SHALi.. BE JOINED TO TEE SECrON BY BOLTING (THROUGH FLANGE} WELDI\G OR OTHl::I~ StC.mF II/FANS 4. LIFT ROD. AS SPECIFIED BY MFR WITH HA\'OL[ EXTENDING TO WITHIN CJNE FOOT OF COVER AND ADJUSTABLE HOOK LOCK FASTENED TO FRAME OR UPPER HANDHOLD 5 GATE SHAL_ NOT OP:':N BEYOND THE CLEAR OPEI\ING SY LIMITED HINGE \IOVEMENT STOP TAB OR SOM:: OTHER CE•JICE 6. NEOPRENE RUBBER GASKET REQUIRED BETWEEN RISER MOUNTING U>.\GE AND GAE FLPsNGE 7. MATING SJRFACES OF LID AND BODY TO BE MACl--.l~JED F-OR ;:,HOPf:.I~ f-11 8. F:_ANGE MOUNTING BOL IS SHALL BE J/8" OIAM. Sl AINI c SS SI H-1 9 .ALTERNATE CLEANOUl/SHEAR GATES TO THE OEStGN SHOWN A.~E ACCEPTABLE 0 ROVIDED THEY MEET THE MATERl/'1L SPEC..FIC/\":-IONS A30\/E AND HAVE A SIX 30L T : C, 3/ff' BOL-;-CIRCLE FOR SOL TING TO THE FLANGE CONNECTION ~ KING COUNTY PUBUC WOOKS KING COUNTY. WASHINGTON FROP-T 101 = DATE SHEAR ,,,,---,-, ~.---,, / ----'-'-;_ --,, ,,.,,.-9 ---... , ' 0 Rt\llSIOH GATE DETAIL --------,,,_ ,-' SEE 1'CTE 5 0 MAXIMUM O;:,E\111\G OF GA-:::: BY I APPR'D DWG. 2-026 NO. R0VHD WAHHCU.: CCWER MAR!([D ·o,wtr 'll'!IW LOCKINC aoll'S. ~L ~ .'. :.· .; ,'·',11 ,. ' r /j,-..-..f1 ll II ROUNO IWIHOlf 00\ltR WARKtD ·oRAH" MrH LCOONC BOLTS. Ii _)~ I . ·-1 ! -l 1· • ,;1, • -i....n "" I. 1 ."1. NOTES: 1. PIPE SlZE. SLOPES ANO All ELEVATIONS: PER PLANS. 2. 3. OlITL[T CAPACITY: NOT LESS THAN COMBINED INLETS. CATCH BASIN: TYPE 2, TO BE CONSTRUCTED IN ACCORDANCE WHH DWG. NO. 2-005 AND MSHTO 1.1199 UNLESS OTHERWiSE SPECIFIED. •. I I•==,/\ 11 II 1~==~l S([ [lS()II [)[T ..... ~ •• COVERS: ROUND. SOLID UARl<EO ·oRAJN,· WITH LOCKING BOLTS SEE OWG. NO. 2-022 5c 2-023. " " :F==~l II II :~==~: (.u._ I~.-rLOW 011mcrs II U/1~J/ Jf=='il/ ll !I 11::::=M II II\ ~ I l~::~f \", II 11 ~ If II . ,, 11"===-1 · II II .. l~u~: 11 II :F"'=~l 11 II :F==~: II ll 1r=·~: II ,r " -' ! Pt: Ntl l SECTION A A l_ ,. .. .....,, ..... , ""TDmGHT ''""''"" ELEVATION HBOW DEJA1L (f) KINCl COUNJY PUii.JC WOll<S KING COUNTY, WASHINGTON • • '· ' . SECTION B-B - OAT>: 5. 6. 7, 8. 9. OR!rlCES: SIZEO AND LOCATED AS REQUIRED. WJTH LOWEST ORIFICE MIN. 2" FROM BASf 8Af'HE WALL SHALL HAVE f4 BAR Al 12'" SPACING EACH WAY. PRECAST 8AFFlE WALL Sl--W..L BE KEYED AND GROUTED IN PL.AC£. BOTTOI.A ORIFICE Pl.ATE TO St 1/4. MIN. GAlVANIZED STEEL AND ATTACHED WTTH t /1" STAJNLESS STEEL BOLTS. OMIT ORIFICE PLAT£ IF ONLY FOR O!L SEPARATION UPPER fLOW ORIFICE SH.6J..L BE ALUMINUM • .AJ..UMINIZED STEEL OR GALVANIZED STEEL SEE OWG. NO. 2-025. GALVANIZED STEEL SHAU HAVE TRE..ATM:tNT l. A - ' ' ~-- m A .El.ML m 1.,1.-.1 FLOW RESTRICTOR / OIL POLLUTION CONTROL DEVICE, BAF'FLE TYPE (FROP-8 DWG. 2-027 NO. 102 ~[ UPP[R 8,ANO ... !:l 3/' W,M. SMOOlli ROUND BARS EQIJ.lil.lY SPACED. BARS SfW.L 9C WEI.DED TO UPflCR Ii: LOWER ~DS. fil,tj £ >!<" , .... 5MOOn, ROWO BAAS £01.W.LY SPACED (4'" 0.C -.) ~NOT[, 8ARS OMITTED OH OAAw,,.; ; *'-.. ,;l'L..... L....,..I r _ ___.,, LOWER e,,.,,() WR H/>,-HOl£S E ) ,-___.!") OW,I_ _ __ SPM:EO OI.W..LY [ I - (i) KJNQ COUNTY PUBLIC WOA(S KING COUNTY, WASHINGTON flfYATtON C8 INNER OW,,. <8: ... ... ... "' ,,. ,,. ... "' 114· NOTES: ,. ,. DAT[ DEBRIS 103 { UPPER BAND J/4'" DIAM-BAA t/t" Pl.AT[ J l1r J/4' SAA DRILL HOU:S FOR LOCK '!_ \ \ ___:j I I -, ~r--Lf::l lo :, L_~] LO'l'tER eAHt> -- J L!!,. ENTBX CATE DETAJL All. STEEL IN PL.ATES, BARS ANO BA.NOS SHALL CONF"OR'-4 TO THE REQUIREMENTS OF" ASTM A36. DEBRIS CAGE SHALL BE HOT-DIP GALYANIZ£0 IN ACCORDANCE WITH ASTM A12.3 (AASHTO M111). IICVISION CAGE BY I AJ>PR'D I DWG. 2-028 NO. 2 H ... ::.: =~ /, /\ \ ~ l/,4." "1/' GROOV~ --\--_:, [XP/l<NS10N JOII-IT ·~ OU~I-IY JOINT ·---t-____ "./ j 1/4" Y CfiOOvE -t---( A BQLl ED CURB & SIDEWALK I ' I _J ==I '(',, \:';i:,;.;,;s-z~:r,""'"~t1 ;);} ;:'·J;;-4t·;;.:;;: .. ;: :;;, ·;;]· f> ~ ~ 'nPANSION JOINT " » 7 "'//~%%%Mt;gq SECTION A-A NOTE: SEE SEC. 3.04 FOR JOINT REQUIREMENTS. 2. FOR INTEGRAL POUR CONSTUCTION, 1/4" EDGED GROOVE MAY REPlACE EXPANSION JOINT AT INTERfACE BETWEEN CURB AND ADJACENT SIDEWALK KI\Kl COUNTY PUBUC WORKS KING COUNTY, WASHINGTON A _J i ? ~ ~ Li '"' '; ', l >-=--DllM~Y JOINT 7 l _ ~ L , 71 I I I \ PLANTING STRIP I 1/4" "\/' GllOO'/! _/ fKP,i,NSIQN JeiNT -f--...(_------.J ----DUMMY JOIN\ 0 M.lvt 15' C----C E.XPAN510N JOINT ALOl\'G CURB 1/4° "V' GR00\1£ 0 ~-3 C-C QUl,j-"Y JOJ.~T B YERDCAI CURB & SIDEWAl K '~·0h~ h:::~J~i~ SECTION 8 B DATE llEYISIO'i -}iT~J CURB & SIDEWALK JOINTS 104 s: % 00 B DWG. 3-001 NO. NOTES: ~ ~ WIN. •TOP ~ uP AT ~"I'S -v~~ t1 EXTRUDED ASPHALT OR CEMENT CONCR£TE CURB 3.s {"""' t(f' :3 l/'l" ~ EKPAASKJN J()Nt '.-r---:V,__,_~~O-~/n i::r--: -... ~' ]l ~L_ · ·· l" · , · · ·. / ~I 1 ,,. , .· ; ... ·.~-.. · ,cr ~oo .. c.,n ,--er I \_ • Ol'TIOK'J. fOR '"""'""-""" CEMENT CQNCRETF BOU FD Cl IRA 1. SEE SEC. 3.04 K.C.R.S. FOR JOINT REQUIREMENTS. 2. ROLL GUTTER TO MATCH POSITM SUPERELEVATION. J. SEE DRAWING NO. 1-006 FOR CONFIGURATION OF FIU & W~A.Y BEHIND CURB IF REQUIRED. 4. 5 (i) FOR LNiEGRAL POUR CONSTRUCTION. 1/4 .. EDGED GROOM l\o\AY REPLACE EXPANSION JOINT AT INTERFACE BET'WEEN THE CURB AND AO..IACCNT SIDEWALK. SEE SEC. 3.03 FOR EXTRUD£0 CURB ANCHORAGE KNQ COLM'Y Pl.El.JC WORKS KNG COUNTY, WASHINGTON DATE CURB 105 i II ~4 1~ I i; "I .!. , -r~ • •TO CONF"ClAW TQ ~ SLOPE OA 0.02 n.;n. -O.O;.> FT./n.*• MOlJNTABI E CEMENT CONCBEIE: CJ !BB ,......... JOWi ,, ----' ~~ nLn. J 'II ,3 C f·''•. J -.' ~· ·.-.. :· ,. . . .. · ..... '° •. .I· •• _-<: ....... ,._-. I ·-~ • MOTE: TOP 0( UP AT tlRl't'tWAYS. CEMENT CONCBUE Cl JRB & GlITTER """''°" BY ' Affit'D I DETAILS I DJt..G, 3 -002 NCTES t:iX.'c. tt SliO'Jl{)(R tOGt or PA'-1:W(MT COl,OAERCIAL/INDUSTRW. DRM'NA YS \A/l[)[R 1~ JS' u;v BE APPROVED BY TI-,E EI\GINEER CONSIOER!·\IG l30TH TRAFF:C SAFETY AND THE ACTMTY 3EING SER\ltO. 1\LL COMMl:CR.Cl.4Li INOUSTRIAL DR.f,JVI/AYS SHA_L HAVE AN EXPANS.ON JO.!NT LOCATED MID-\NIDTH SEE SEC. 3 04 2 PIPE SHAU BE 3. ,. 5 A SIZED TO CO\/VEY COMPUTED STORM W1\TCR RUNOFF. AND B MIN 1 °Z' OlAM., /\ND C EQUAL m OR LARGER :HA\I tX-STING PIPES INITHIN 5:)C,' UPSTREAM EXPOSED PIPE ENDS SH!'\L.L l:lt 8EVE:LE'.O TO W.TCH Tf-£ SLOPE tACE ANJ pq_QJECT NO MORE THAN t' BEYOND S: OPE SURFACE PROJECllNG HEADWALLS ARE N07" ACCEPTABLE. CONCRcTE PIPE SHALL HA"JE MIN COVER or ff' TO FINISf.' GRADE .AL OTHE:R TYPES CF PIPE SI-ALL HA'J1 MIN. 12" CO\l'ER RIGHT-Of"-WAT LIN!: - ~ ! ~·,:·'" ~1 •;:: WI ~1 OBM'Mt 'WJPJH RESJOEHlllJ.. 10'-Cf' MN 20"-0"' MAX COMM /!NOUS1R 3l=~ = 1 ~ I ~i 3' i, a: a1 i' i -""'-~ PIPE SHALL BE INSTALL:'D IN A STRAIGHT UNIFOR\1 ALIGI\MENT AT A MIN. 0.5~--SLOPE (0.5 F"T PtR 100 n.) \IITTH THE DOV\INS1REM/. END L01~,1ER THAN THI-: 1..PSTRCAM EN=i ~02 n:./n. gl .,·::.'.--~~t': ~i,.._ . ' . : ·~~ 21~+::-6 7 PIPr~ MAY Rf.: OMITTED IF ROADSIDE DITCH DOES NOT EXIST AND QRNEWAY DOES NOT BLOCK NAT JRAL FLOVIJ DRNEWAY SLOPE ShALL MATCH TO B.~.CK EDGE OF tiHOJWLI~ /:lU I SHOUL Dl::.R SLCPE .A.t...D :'D3E OF srOULDER SHALL NCJr BE A~TERED AS A RFSu .. ·1 OF DRl'vt:WAY CONSTRUCTION 8. PAVED OR\,1WAYS SHAl. Ht PA\!ED T>-JROUGH RIGW-OF-1.NAv WITH .A. C OR B ST. RUT NOT P C.C 9 GRAVEL DRIVEWAYS SH/\LL GE PAVED BET'NEEN THE EJGE Cf" PAVEMEN-:-ANJ R/W WITH AC. CR B.ST Cl\, Y 'NIIH LJIMlNS!O/\S L•W. 10 SEE SEC. J.01 AND 4.81 (i) l(NQ COLfflY PIJl3UC WOlt(S KIHG COUHTY, WASHIHGTOH SHOULDER & 106 . . .. ' J.. ,.., ~ ,•.:;; ,·, .. -.... f-.'.·' ',1.1---~·-'-'"---.~ - SECTIOtf t,-A DITCH SECTION ....... ., /. . ~ --cl o~,.,, ~· ··.·."':"-' .. -. --/ .. ·~: ,~, .· ., ·.;_•' DRIVEWAY DWG. 3-003 NO. (I) Rt:Sooom•1. 10'-0" lllN- 20'-0" UA>I. COWW~WSlR. 2$"-o"' MK ~·-0" 1,1,U_ s·-a· r-RICHT-OF-~Y \J'iC ' M,,\lCH E•ISTNi -y"""" COliENT CONCRtTE OR!VtWAY :i• THICK SECTION A-A KNl COUNTY PUBLIC WOAl(S i<\N(; COUNTY. WASHINGTON CURB & ~I! GUTIER 107 NOTES: 1, COMMERCIAL/INDUS1"RIAI.. DRrvEWAYS WIDE~ THAN 35' MAY BE APPROVED BY THE ENGINEER CONSIDERING TRAFFIC SAFETY AND NEEDS OF THE ACTMiY SERVED. AU. COMMERCIAI../INOUSTRIAJ. DRIVEWAYS SHALL HAM ,trN EXPANSION JOINT LOCA1ED MID-WIDTH. SEE SEC. 3.04. 2. SEE SEC 3.01. J. SEE SEC. 4.01 FOR SURFACING REQUIREMENTS. '"""°" BY I Af'fll'D i SECTION DRIVEWAY DWG. 3-004 NO. Ci) .... : . : . : . ::-:~ "''""""' 10'-o" MIN. 20'-ff' MAX. COIAl./~DUSTR. :Z-~'-0" WIN. 3$'-o" WAX. Ca«NT CONCROl: ORNE'IIIAY ~ THICk MliICH ~ """'''" """" SECTION A A KtfO OOI..NTY PlB.JC VIOl'KS KING COUNTY, WASHINGTON ..... -...... -. . . . . . . ............._ . . . . . . . . ........ ······~ REVERSE 108 DATE 1>U,NTHc; SlRIP. r JNr NOTES: t. A REVERSE SLOPE DRIVEWAY rs SUBJECT TO APPROVAl B'I' ENGINEER CONS1D£R1NG NEED f"OR AND COMPATIBtUTY OF Tt-llS VEATURt. 2. COMt.tERCIAJ./INDUSTFUAL ORIVEWA'fS W!OER THAN ~· MAY BE APPROVE() CONSIDERING l!W'F'"IC SArCTY AND NEEDS OF THE ACTMT'I' SERVED. All COMMERCIAL/INDUSlRtAL ORIVEWAYS SHALL HAVE AN EXPANSION JOINT LOCAT!O MIO-WIDTH. SEE SEC. J.O.& J. A STORM S[W[R INLET SHALL BE LOCATED WITHIN 20" BUT NO CLOSER lHAN 1 O' UPGRADE FROM NEAREST EDGE Of CURB TAPER. 4. SEE SEC. J.01. 5. SEE SEC. 4.01 FOR SURFACING REQUIREMENTS. -lorl....-ol SLOPE DRIVEWAY DWG. 3-005 NO. ST,t,t,ID,411() CUFl8 RACMUS -----.----, I ~ R•FF,C S,G""- '>IANOAAO I ~ . ,,,. """""" MIN, C0ir.Oil[f«:W. " """SlRW. ' v-PROP[lm' UN( I -, --+--I----- I 1 SIOEWA,lJ,: PI.AAllNG :slAIP I I CURB ·~ NOTES· NO PORTION 01-,'INY DRIVEWAY SHALL ENCROACH IN CURB R~lUf{N 2. COMMERClAl/lNDUSTRIAL DRNEI/VAYS '.'AUST BE APPROVED BY -:-HE ENGINEER. CONSIDERING BOTH ll{/11-1-IC SAFETY AND T"1E ACTMM BEING SERVED AL l. COMMERCIAL/INDUSTRIAL ORMWAY$ SHALL 1-!A.VE PN EXPANSION JOINT LOCATED MIO-VVIDTH SEE SEC 3 ll4 3 FOR R0/1fNVAY CLEARA\!CE OF UTILITY POLES AND STRUCTIJRES SEE SEC 8.02G AND D.'\G NO. 5-001. 4 DRIVEWAYS SHALL BE LOCATED A.S f'AR ;:~or/ THE INTERSECT:ON AS POSSIBLE """'"" TAHR AND Fl.ARE UI" MIN 6ElW£EN ORIV(WA'l'S S[rt.'!NG SAME PARCEL ~ ""' MTE .,,,.....,.-R!Gtfl-OF-WAY l(N[ ~--·1- O(PRESSEO cu••7 ORfVF.WAY WIDTH 10' "'N 20' t.lAX COM.i[RCIAL/ INDVSfR. 2~' MIN J~' M,U. [XC(PT ONE-WAY 20" MIN. IIEVISIOI\I 1:_~_I!! ;y FIRE Hl'l)RANT VTIUTY POU. SE£. NOTE 3. l I ~· ~!~ APPR'D l ~ KNJ COUNTY PUllUC WORKS KING COUNTY, WASHINGTON LOCATION & WIDTH OF NEW DRIVEWAYS 109 DWG. 3-006 NO. ,------1----·--i i ~~-I . I i Y· ! PROPERT'!" LINE i I . ' ----1 r -----.c.:::. -----i j l ~ JOINT USE DRIVEWAY TRJ.CT i I EXISTING DRIVEWJI.Y~ ~ EXISTING ORMWAY -_LL J l ~-R,GH,QMAY UN[ ~ ---------~ (D<i; ~r PAVEUENT NOTE: ~---- -·· --------SIDEWAI.I< 1 SEE SEC. 3.01 FOR TRACT W!DTH AND PAVING REQUIREMENTS. -----------T------------ 1 ~ -------+Y / ------PR<>PERN UN[ JOINT USE Dll'IVEWM TRACT I ------PAW AAU. TO fllGHl-Of"-WAY -------WITH to· RADn.JS RflURNS ----.. ----I -----~ RIG~-OF-WAY LIN[ -------~ [DC( or SHOULDER -------. _/L -~ EOG[ OF PA\/E'.W~--------- 5i3 ---+---- .lll!&l. R£VlSl0H I BY \ APPR'O I KtlG cotMY Pl.&JC WORKS KING COUNTY, WASHINGTON JOINT USE DRIVEWAY TRACT OWG. 3-007 NO. 110 (i) ~-1 VARIES -LLh_d 'I I r- RAMP LOCATIONS ON REYOENTW ACCESS STREETS I _j "VM\t~ ~~ I I KING C(XJNTY PUBLIC WOfU<S KING COUNTY, WASHINGTON ~ ~ _i ~--- ( ( t-J l l +r====-~~---------- ""'" NOTES I I I I RAMP I OCATlONS ON AATERl>J.$ AND COMM~RCIAL ACCESS STREETS ~ __}-I • L CATCH BASIN AND INLETS SHALL BE OUTSIDE TH( CURB RAMP (24'' MIN. CLEARANCE FROM AAMP). SEE SEC. 7.05 FOR CROSSWALK RESrnlCTIONS. 2. CARE SHALL BE TAKEN TO KEEP THE RAMP FROM CONFLICTING WITH HYDRANTS, POLES, INLETS, AND OTHER UTIUTIES J CONSTRUCT RAMP lN ACCORDANCE WITH DWG. NO. 4-002 OR DWG NO. 4-0DJ. 4. CROSSWALKS AR[ NOT ALWAYS MARKED 5. WHEN RAMPS ARE CONSTRUCTED ON ONE SIDE OF STR£ET, RAMPS SHALL BE CONSTRL!CTEO AT CORRESPONDING LOCATIONS ON OPPOSITE. SIDE OF S1REET. DATE REVISION BY I APPR'O CURB RAMP LOCATIONS J ~ DWG. 4-001 NO. NOTES ~ .. . .. . -. . .. . .. . . . . . . . ····--······ PI.ANTIHC STRIP .. • • • • • • • <• "") ••.••.••• .. . . . . . . . . . . --. .. .. . . . . . .. . --. - l I @ RAUP AND AFH-<!:JACHES SHALL BE C...EAR Cf" OBSTACI ES INCL HYDRANTS, POLES. AND INL::TS. 2 RAMP S~l BE TE(;"lJREC BY ltvF'RINT CF META._ GRID WITH 1 /'Z" SPAClt\'C .3, RAM? CENTER LINE SHALL BE PERPENDICULAR TD ffi RA.DlAJ... TO CURB RETURNS ,JNLESS OTHERV\':S:': APPROVED BY ENGINEER 4 VVHEN RA.MPS /IRE CONSTRUC:ED ON ONE SIDE Cf" TH[ S:HEcl RAMPS SH.AL~ B::. CONSRJC1Fl1 AT CORRLSf--'ONOl,\JG SIDEWALK LOCA TlCNS O\J OPPOSrfE SlrJF OF STREET SEE D/IG NO 4-001. 5. ON AA1£RlAL S rRcf:. f::i. IN C;ENERAL ~ CURB ~:\MPS SHALL BE CONSTRUCITD -.,,NJ =>ER Rl>D!US. IN CR PREFER/\81 Y !\[)J/\CEl\11 10 11 JE MAIN PEDESTRIAN ~AThS 6 ON RESIDENTIAL STREETS m WE RC U l"ILITIES ARE I~ CONF'UC't CR STREET GR/DE E.X:CEEDS 4.0X CURB RAMPS MAY BE CONSTRUCTED ONC PER RADIUS. AT MIJPOINT OF CURB RETl.RN OR. AT lr.WN Pl:.DESTRlfaJ.J PA1H 7. SlE SEC. 3.02 A.ND 3.05. Ci) KNCl cot.MY PUIIUC WOA<8 KING COU 01. WASHINGTON <' 3' a: I • L ...... "'"""'' 1? ~. ~ CURB RAMPS IN 112 @ \ \ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . " . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -. - 12: \ 1:i;;x. SlOf't 3·-6" I~ 1:.=S[ = ~- o.oi n.;n. "' < THICI< CCU(NJ CCt-lCl!£Tt SCOtAllC SECTION A A VERTICAL CURB· NO. 4-002 'r ~ i @ NOTES ~ 1. RAMP ANJ .t..PPRO/\CHES SHALL BE CLCAA OF OBSTACLES INCL HYDRAI\ TS. POLES. AND INLETS 2 RAMP SHALL BE TEXTURED BY IMPRINT OF l'v\ETAl CRID WTTH 1 /t" SPACING 3. RAMP CENTER LIUE SHALL BE PERPENDICULAR TO c.R RADLAL 10 CURB RETURNS UNLESS O!HFRWlff APPROVED BY ENGINEER 4 \l\t,EN RAMPS .ARE CONSTRUCTED ON ONE SIDE OF THE STREET RAMPS SHAL'_ BE CONSTRUCTED AT CORRESPONO:r-,,,G SIDEVVALK LOCATIONS ON OPPOSITE SIDE OF STREE~. SEE tlWG. NO. 4-001 5. SEE SEC 3.05 KNCi COi.tin' PlBJC WOA<S Klt-lG COUNTY, WASHINGTON 1'_~(,f' ~ * L ...... ""'""' ~ I l~ • I ~;~ \ CURB RAMPS IN 113 ~\ @ --[ 12:t IU.)i'.. SI.OP illI!Qlj A-A ROLLED CURB DWG. 4-003 NO, ~ 11 'SI' ' 4!:,,._.,.,\.,/.. • ..:.e.9-~ .,,s) ,1 r::.,r:Jf"/ ,,.,. f.k-.).'i-'°''.-i~~~ t..: ·~ SFCJION A A KNG COLtlTY PU8L1C WORKS KINC COUNTY, WASl,INGTON ~i loU.TCt< [:tlSTING ffi ~O SlMAC[ ASPHAl..f CONCRETl: NO-:-::S ., fj... ').~ ..._ s·i.r.f<~,ot ':;/.',-<J..,y,. .,,,.,. ,.A 'ijft'-if-• '-l~t~ -.;'fl' i,IY\.~ -,.o 1, Frn 1/VIDll lS OF SIDE\/1/ALK SEE SEC 3 02 2 FOR \11/IDTHS DF Pi\\/FMF'..fT N~O ::i"lUULULh; Sl±: s:.:cs 2 02 2JY3 ,'IJ\0 2 04 J. ShOUl_[EJ~ ~;-tr,u tll ~il.HJ N:U) /I'S l.:ZL()IJIRED 5Y SECTIOt~S 3.C7 AND 4.C, IF PAVLO SliDIJLO[R 5LC)P[ SHALL MATCH :::::ROhN SLO::,E CR JJ2 n./cT FOR CURB AND SDEV-1ALK ~IOIN-:-S SEE DNG ND J-001. 5. ll<l,t\Slll'..JN 1---1/1.:\F-' SHi'.>U [l[ T::::XTI~R[J o,· /v1FRl~T OF r•,1ETA.. G~ID WITH , Ii" sr.t..CNG CEMENT CONCRETE SIDEWALK TRANSITION TO ASPHALT SHOULDER DWG. 4-004 NO. I 14 A:ltHT-OF-WAY UM£~ -------RIGW---OF-Y'JY LIN[~~ / ~ <e> ~ _,_, ----------=--• NOT> LOC -----. OK ~ OlA(C110N "' """'' - O\JTSIDE OF CIJBVF POSTED 40 MPH & OVE ~ LOC L.£'>·'.o!..: Of-CURvt ,FEET) A-: EOGE Cf- ~V[LED 'N/N H-lD\1 ~.C Vi p, SOFI: S>!rtr C',t~· ,.FEIT) 8[YOND P." ~ PROHertCD POL[ LCICAOON (F'CET) (LOC + 'SOff) W:CRE P0l£S U-1 OEISTACLES. ~vs, ElE ROICM:D 00 B,IJl:fllCAtl[D ~. (,un OH OUTS()( a:: CVfMS wrTH ~ Sf1E£0 LIMIT OF' +o MPH 4 (MR 40 -.. ,0 " LOC • 220 (SOR) LOC + 2~~ L::C + .!DO LOC t 3;::;; TC RO,l,[IWAY ,_-i-, SHOULDE::R CR ~ABLE. CLJc(B ON OlJTSID[ or ·:::UM ,,., '"t -RADIUS LESS THAN ~·. -M't.o ~....E..:.' GRf'.li.TfR ll"W,I OR E~'JAL Kl 40 MPII ~ -~ ,..,. EOCE or TP,.\V{l[O WAY ~ ~--~ / /_/ ,/--:cj~ v_/,/~ NOTFS GENERAi CASE P/X· r~.Jl~LE ~i.k_~;J .~H SHOULOCR 1 T.IIHGE~. ffi 2 INSU '~ CiJR'>t. m 3. Ol.!1:;;!ot CF CL Iv' ErTHER rt" -POSTED S"EED LESS THM1 4::, ..,:,,... -IWllUS CRtATER lKA.', ~!-X' C,,, ~WA'!' t,€[1'1NC ,i.;,.I. CURRCNT l)[Sl(;N $T.l.,'/Q..I..CCr5_ TJ-E STANDARDS SHALL APPLY 10 r\! R Y r-.EJV PLACEMENT .t>ND E\tERY PLANNED. N0\1-EMERGENCY REPLACEMENT CF EXJST1NG POLES AND OTHER UTILITY STRUCTURES WITHIN KING COJr-,.,rrf RIGHT ....OF-..J.i'VAY 2. NO POLES \IIAY BE REPLACED 00 THE 01..ffSIDE a= A CURVE WITH A POSTED SPEED LIIAIT Cf 40 MPH CR OvER UNLESS .APPR.0\/"""ill THROUGH A VARIANCE: REQUEST 3 SEE SECS. 5 11 & 8.02G. KNl COlfflY P\8..IC WORKS l(ING COUNTY VVASHINGTON CLEARANCE OF ROADSIDE ON SHOULDER TYPE OBSTACLES ROAD DWG. 5-001 NO. 115 ~ '- ! ~ """' """'""''°" '""'-or-... , ""' I VARIES. ~ _ 20' R[Sl0[N1LAJ.. ---; 30' Nn[AIA!. ' I l I ' I I -002 n. 1 I ' I l I ' I I I '''"""" ' I r ' I NOTES: 1 SEE SECS. 2.02. 2.03 OR 2.04 FOR SUPEREU:VAflON REQUIREMENTS. 2. SEE SEC. 2 .1 0 FOR LANDING REQUIREMENTS. KJ\IO COLMY PUl3UC WORKS KING COUNTY. WASHINGTON INTERSECTION LANDING 116 tm9· 5-002 (i) ., eAARICAO£ NOTG.· ""' MOTH ot RAIL t.CMCTH OF IWL "'""' .,.-c u~ "'''""~ FLEXIBU'IY l!OLTS: 2 P£R JOIHT 1/t'x ~ L"G $CAP'S GN.V. ~OR lt'X 1• ~~ .. , ~ ~ 1 ! ~: 4•)( ft WIN. Pfl:[S~A[ lREATEO OR C(~ PAIHlto '1!).lffE . .FIXED {PERMANENT) ----YPE HI aARRiCACL S,.i.ND,&l,,:,S, FOR AOOED STABlLIT'r ,v,..-:-, MOVABLE (TEMPORARY) TYPE Ill B1\F~.RICADt r rr • 5' lr,llt,l. .. w, f:f YW. , ,. ""' ,:r M.U. 12" iu.x. 2' WIH. 2" MIN. 4' WIN. 3' YIN :Y WIN !," WIN ~HEAvt~i '~"' • POSt Oft ..... , S>OOS [S$EN11AUY PORTABLE ,ssam,,J.LY MOY-'SLE """""'"' ... ',t'j/;'UI l(f'IQ COUllY Pl8.IC WOAl(8 l'.ING COUNTY, WASHINGTON m,; OF SUP!'ORT YARl[S Ii :!.1 .. A ~ARI~ .. ~ II --- $ " ' h ·~ T)ff I BAARICAOE STRIPE NO~ES ORANGE !: WHIE IF ":"EM::>ORARv RE: & WHITE IF PERVANENT REFLECTORIZEO SlANl DOWNWARD, RIGHT OR LEfT, IN DIRECTIO\J TRAff"tC wr..1. PASS. S_ANT BOTH :, RECTIONS FROM MIDDLE IF ~R,\1,---IC P/1SSES ,POTH tl\OS WIDTH e· EXCEPT 4 If RAILS i\l~F LESS TH.A.N j• LOI\G SLA."(:" DO'l'INVVARC TO Ml):·_E AT END OF CLOSED ROAD S:CE SEC. 5 :? f1'\iD MUTCD SEC.6C-8. 117 NOTF BARRICADES FOR DIMENSIONS NOT SHOVVN Stt l ABU: TYPE ll BARRICADE DWG. 5-003 NO. • C~H LINK fUOCt j 1 't' MJH. THICKNESS Of T-< OIJl,RR'I' SPAUS GRAVEL BACkfll..l FOR ~HS z P[RfORATEO PIPE ~ WIN nLl£R F'A8RIC .. .. ; " NOTES @ SEE' SEC 5.01. 2 WSDOT/APWA 9-03.12[4) J IF ROCKERY OR RE"."Al."Jl,\JG WAU IS BEHIND ROc..LED CURB OR Dr< A RliRAL Si:GION. FACE OF ROCKERY 0~ RETAINING '1111ALL MUST BE A MIN. OF 1 o· rnoM TRAVELED '1',)W 4. CHAIN LINK f-tNC::C:. IYl-'t NO. 4 D-{ 6 (WSOOT/APWA s·ANDA.RD} FLOUIF~[D vVH[N r~OCKErN HLIGHr IS IHKll eC[[T OR (3R[AT[R KtlQ COtfflY Fl8JC WOfl<8 t(IMG CCJUWY. WASHINGTON 4' -6 1'A'l"ITiiin" EXCAVAT(IN (»/LY 1, ROCK FACING, 118 ~ALK~ . s § ·1~ 11 ~ ~ ~ I • ~-o°Tn.;n. ~-~t1Ll::·.!,~ \' ·D.~:-;- ... -~f~~-~ CUT SECTION CWc,G. 5-004 * AS M[C[SSAR'Y to W((T T[M..iN AND SICHT OISTANCt RtOUR.MCMTS VARIES ,;. ·'-<T MIN. ... , I i \ 8 b i i ' ·f~ ~·~ /~ """""' ""'""" a ~ ·/Y NOTES 1 . SEE SEC. 5.o· 2. WSDOT/APWA 9-0J.12[4). 3. FlAffiR SLOPE MAY BE REQUIRED IN LESS STABLE SOIL 4 CHAIN LN< FENCE TYPE t-0. 4 (WSDOT/APW.O. STPN~ARD) OR HANDRAIL REQUIRED VI/HEN ROCKERY HEIGHT IS 3' OR GR&\TER SEE DNG. NO. 5-006. cxe;..W,TION Ot,ILY 5. FOR ROCKERY HEIGHTS EXCEED:NG -1'. SEE DII\IC. NO 5-0Ci7. 6. TRAFFIC BN--tRIERS MAY BE REQUHEO C)r,,, ROADS WITH SPEED LIMITS or 40 MPH OR Gf~ICH \1\/HCl~f: l~OCKl:::l~Y HEIGH~·s <I> EXCEED 6 SEE CHAPTER 7 OF THE VVSOOT DESIGN MANUAL KNQ COlfflY Pl8.IC WOll(8 KING COUNTY, WASHINGTON ...------I.RAvtl BACKAU F"OR ()RAINS 2 ~er~ FUER FABRIC ROCK FACING, FILL SECTION 119 DWG. 5-005 NO. VAAllS • 1 ';( IUi THICKNESS 1"'-~· OUAAR'r" SPILLS GftA','[L 84Cf<flll FOR DR.1,;~S NOTES 1 SEE SEC 5.01 2 WSDOT/APWA 9-03.12(-4] 3. CHAIN LINK FENCE 1YPE NO 4 (WSDOT/APWA STANDAf-m:1 Ck HANDRAIL REQUIRED \1\iHEr-..· R:JCKERY HEIG-ff 'S 3' OR GREJCFR 4. DP SHALL BE CO\ICREE CLA.SS 3000 5 FLATIER SLOPE MAY BE REQURED 1\1 LESS STA:3LE SOILS 6 FOR ROCKERv HEIGHTS EXCEEDING 11'. SEE DNG r,.,o 5-007 7 TRAFFIC BARRIERS MAY BE REOUIRFrl ON RO.A.OS WITH SPEED (®) LIIJITS OF 40 MPH OR GREAfl:.R. ',','HERE f-EIGHTS ::xcEEJ 6 SEE CHAPTER 7 OF' THE WSDOT DES;Gr-.; W-.NU/\. KNO COlJm' PIJEUC WOAKS l<iNG COUNTY. WASHINGTON ~T°o-AA1ii~.2 FILTER rA8F!"iC ROCK VAA>ES e·-cr MIN. ~~~NK---......_( i • .. =' " -=l==l'·i '""5 N[C[ss.Afrt' TO YE.ET TERRAIN AND SIGHT Ols:JNICE R[~REWLfffS_ ~ ~~.: I n ! /j ~ i'~ I~ FACING 120 ~ PAY UMrtS CXCAVATL!)N Of-IL Y UNDER I I ~ SIDEWALK -Gl>OOND tmf· 5-006 NOTES i '? .. ,._, ' ·f /; ROCKERY FACINGS ARE TO BE CONSTR.UCTED TO KING COUNTY ROA.D STANDARDS SEE SEC 5.01 AND O\NGS. NO. ~-OG-L THROUGH 5-0D6 2. THE 'WALL FOUNDATION IS TO BE CLEARED OF ORGANIC 'v1ATIER A~D DEBRIS AND THE U~DERLYING MINER'4.L SOIL COMPACTED TC 8 5 PERCaH OF T'1~ I.I.AX. DRY DENSITY. THC EMBANKMENT MATERIA_ IS TO BE GR.A.VEL BO~ROW MEETING THE REQUIREMENTS OF 9-03.1~ OF THE WSDOT STANDARDS THE BACKFILL 1 S TO BE PLACED IN THIN uns, NOl lXCEEOi\G SIX INCHES IN THICKNESS AND COMPACTED TO 95 PERCEN-:-OF THE MAX DRY CENSITY 3. GEOSYNTHETIC FABRIC OR GEOGRIO REQU!.~EMENTS ,NCLUDING TY;::,E VERTICAL SPACING (Z), AND EMBEDMENT (LR) Will BE DETERMINED ON A ROCl<ERY B, ROCKERY BASiS BY A PROFESSIONAL E!\IGINEEK 4. 2B IS HEl3HT OF FIRST LAYER OF REINFORCEMEW ABOVE COMPACTED SOBCRADE ELEVATION 5 EMBANKMENTS BEH 1 ND ROCKERIE:S EXCEEDING 4' N HEIGHT SHALL 8'.: REINFORCED WITH GEOSYNTHETIC FABRIC OR GEOGRID "' L8jfR~F O:E~'tn_'r LW • 3.0' MIN. ~ KNQ OOUNTY PIB.JC WOll<S KING COUNTY. WASHINGTON ROCK FACING, FILL SECTION 121 REINFORCEMENT N N N N ""! -, !t DWG. NO. 5-007 ~ \,' lo JOM· JOM ,.L ··-<f MIN. o.;..DfNG ""'"'-~DRJ.IL }~J.9_ 4' :S" T.Q.__£ ,-----1-, ' ,-- ' -t-- ' .l__ -,- ' -+- ' -+- ' _.l_ CONCRE~E STEPS ~ 4'-0" MIN """viot-lG A s ~:t~f:---d ,! 14 BAA$. 1•-T OC -- CONCRETE STEPS SECllON A A 5'-0" Mo\;( 6 ==:::r;i;;r:1 =:::i ii~ w - ~ JOM i ' • "'"' M:=TAl f--.ANDRAIL NOTES FOR CO'~CRETE STEPS· CONCRFTF c;;=MFNT cor-.CI{[ 11 U_,\SS :_; :·, :_i ··, 7 All S ff PS SNv1f-_ DlrvTNS ONS 'N!TI-IIN 3/fJ MAX DIFFERENCF 3-1--Z :::::_Hs 7 ~ /z:' r,lt,,X 5 MIi\ -1 TREADS 12" MAX MIN .• WlTH 1111\·\JS\itHSt: 001 r /FT S.OPE :i rv':ETAL HANDRAIL RECX, RE'D f-C:,11 4 ~lltY;_; CY. k'(~[ SEE NOTES BE:...ov.; REINFORCING BARS SHALL MEET Tl-E REOUIREM.:'NTS OF ASHA A-615 GR.ADE ri [I Ar,..;!) ml lilOUlf--;rn FOR 4 STEPS OR IV.ORE SEE SEC J CG 8 r/AX Vt::RTlCAL JIS"J/\NCf:-Btl'N[[N LANDINGS IS 12' NO-ES FOR HA~{)=v;ILS L GA .. VANIZED STEEL ffi .t..LUMINUM 2 1 1/4~ TO 2'" O.D. ROLNJ CR OVN_ PIPF 3. V\ILLLJLLJ WlTH. S\100TI I SURFACE AND JOINTS. 4. POSTS SET It~ Ml!\ D cm<CRETE CLASS 3000 5. S'.::E SEC .3.06. VAAl(S ~ t-f. •"'~.-. Z··,;<:::c. •ti:";);)~~:+:PSil:.9,;:,_;;;J ,.,,, .. -.. ,,,""'·''"'·:··,:-. ····'---- ,,...,_0,.V '9 ;.. y .., ~ --lot' C(M[Nl COHcli'CTE .;..,,}~· •,-: _. ett.£m-CONCRETE -~ . -t. SlOEWAl,J( CEMENT CONCflttE nlO COLfflY PU!UC WORKS KING COUNTY. WASHINGTON L£.I (m>) CONCRETE STEPS 122 & METAL HANDRAIL cm,a. 5-008 rn HYDrw.rr Ofl: UTILITY POU: S1D£wALK NEXT TO "1'.R'TICAL C'JRB ~~ ~~ ~~ \( + \( + ~· M!!i. ---------------------------------------- lUW~R[ ~';--,1~" 1 NOTE L--~~ NOTFS J 1. TREES SHAL1-GENERALLY BE PLANTED l:lACK OF THE SIDE\'VAf.K PLANTING SlRIPS WILL BE APPROMD ONLY /JS PART OF A LANDSCAPII\G PLAN IN \IVHICH PLANT UAINTENANC[, COMPATIBILITY WITH UTILITIES, AND TRAFFIC S,.:,..FET"' ARE DULY CONSIDERED. 2 IF PlJIJ\ TING STRIPS .ARE APPROVED: A ~IN. OlSTANCt FROM CENTER OF Al\1Y TREE TO NEAREST EDGE OF VERTICAL CURB SHALL BE ,~ FEET B !HttS SH/ILL BE STAKED IN A MANNER NOT TO OBSTRUCT SIDEWALK TRAFFIC C IN CASE OF BLOCK-OUTS. MIN CLEAR SIDEWALK ',',1DTI-, SHALL BE e, FEET IN RE$1DENTLA.L CR 8 FEET IN BL..'SINESS DISTRICTS. 3 ON BUS ROUTES. PLA~S SHALL BE COORDINATED WlTl-l METRO SERVICE PLANNING PHONE 684-1622 4 SEE SEC. 5 03. ~ KtlCl cotfflY PUElJC WOR(8 KING COUNTY. WASHINGTON + "-----.., J fi.Alj STREET TREE 123 !l,O' Wllf ~-~ + ~J STANDARDS VERTICAL CURB UHE Al IN1ERS€COOH emf· 5-009 V~!l:,:S '1 1·-0: .!!t-a" ~ 9 • S«'i¥Ai.t< '"""'-' _,....--WJL8-0X CLUSTER ! :I® :11!.1:! ;11~;1 ;11~:1:11~~ l1!I vERTICAL OR ROLLED CURB -1-'IERTIC'.L OR RDLLt.O CUR8 91• ~· 'o'CRTICM. CURB J---- J a IO BOXES 1M.X N ~ i FACE OF CUR8 ELEVATION NOlES 1. FOR THREE OR MORE \,V,.l\..OOXtS ON URBAN RESIDENTIAL ACCESS STREETS V1'HERE THE SPEED LIMIT IS 25 MPH. SEE OCTAL 2 MAILBOX HEIGHT VARIES ACCORDING TO THE TYPE OF DELIVERY VEHICLE THES:: HEIGr'TS SHALL BE DETERMINED BY ME PQSTMAS~ER WRING PL.AN R'v1EW J. MAILBOXES MUST BE POSTMASTER APPROVED WlfH 1\ l.NIFORM ROX STYLE ANJ rv'ETHOD OF ADD~ESS IDEt'lTIFICATION. 4 LOCATION OF MAILBOXES SUBJECT TO APPROVAL OF THE REVIEWING AG::'.·JCY 5 'NOJO POSTS SHALL BE ~RESSJRE TRE•\TED FIR OR HEMLOCK 6. FOR MAILBOX CLUSTER UJCATION IN S~OULDER SECTION SEE D,\G !\JO 5-011 7 SEE SEC 5-04. 8. OPTIONAi... NE\NSPAP::R BOX STRUCTURES Ar£ SUBJECT l O APPROVAL OF REVIEWING AGENCY (i) KtlQ COLfflY PIJ3UC WORKS KING COUNTY, WASHINGTON MAILBOX MOUNTING 124 ,., b ' ' ' . filM!1 (:_~. 0\1£RwJ,IC Ul:H $1[)( ~:-0'" .(' X _.. WOOO POST SECI!OM A-A CURB TYPE LOCATION SH.I.X[S. ASPI-W. T St«NGLES. OR TJlES 1 /i' EXT. Pt. 'l'WOOD CQYCll CAB!.£ ENOS WITH 1/'1" EXT. PL'NIIOOD TRWiGL( -1r)(tf,x1!, 2 X ll BOLTEO , x ,. x a· emf· 5-010 ~-~-~-~-~-~-~~~-~-~-~-~-~-~ DjR[CTION or llWTIC -- ~ EOG( or SHOULDER <ll·J ~ 14' l,t!."I. NOTES: SEE SEC. 5.04. [> + p I WU19J1~1J1HJmllia lr/'~8·~; I ~!~ EOl;E or l~vtLEO WAY~ lt-> ,,.~~ I ~· t.llN MAILBOX TURNOUT roiq SHOULD[fl: llllDiHS l[5S THAN ,r-cr l £1At! ,. m>. I-. 10 BOKES WAX. • i E1.E\1AIION 2. MAILBOX INSTAll..AT!ONS ON PROJECTS FUNDED 8Y FEDERAL GRANTS SHALL BE CONSTRUCTED IN ACCORDANCE WITH WSOOT/APWA STANDARD PLAN H-12. J. REVIEWING AGENC¥ MAY APPRO\/E INSTALLATIONS OF MAILBOXES WITHOUT TURNOUT IF CONSTRUCTED IN CONFORMANCE WITH WSDOT/P.PWA STANDARD Pl.AN H-12. 4. MAILBOX HEIGHT VARIES ACCORDING TO THE TYPE OF DELIVERY VEHICLE. THESE HEIGHTS SHAU. BE 0[T£Rt.llNED BY THE P0STMA.ST£R DURING PLAN R~l[W. I· Ci) KNG CCUITY PU3UC WOFl(S KING COUNT'f, WASHINGTON MAILBOX MOUNTING 125 2" ,., b :; Jllli!l. IQ'-0"' MIN. 5££ O[T,'.IL SECTION A-1, SHOULDER TYPE SKA.KES, ASPI-W.T SH1NGLf5 OR TILE."S 1 /t' m PL Y\IIIOCO ,,,,,.,-~'j;RI ;?t·~-r~ YWOOO lRWK;L[ -27"X!fj")(jfj 2 X IS B0L1E0 -4 x 4 X 8' < ~ ~ EACH S'DE 4" X 4• WOOO POST !It LOCATION DWG. 5-011 NO. ffl .--- """"'ON .>OINT 9t : I • , • l• .. ~~·aini ·~,Wt.,_ T(t.tPlA1t ~ "'' ' ~ SEE .on: NO 2 I .. ; ,·_ ... '1 ,- llilliI NOlES: 1 SEE SEC. ~.04. 2 INSTAL.lATION OF N.D.C.B.U. (INCLUDING CONSTRUCTION OF BASE) WILL BE DONE BY U.S. POSTAL SE"RVICE 3. SEE SEC. 3.04 FOR JOINT REQUIREMENTS 1 '-< I 2·-r ,------, I I r-----, I I ,------, L _____ _J I l =' I l PL»rnNG STRIP W\OTH 0 TO VAAt.l81._[ I I I I rl ,.?( -1?:. I/ c__, • . . •I I~ 1 ,. ' C _,,,, .. 5'E ••'1£ NO. 2 __/ t' ' -o I "~ J ~ _MlN. ~·-r:t <::LE;AA WIOTH IIQUt(J ON PEOESTAL PROI/IDED WITH N.O.C.(UI. llNfT [XPAHSIO'-JOINT , , (i) KtlQ COltlTY P\8.IC WOll(8 KING COUNTY, WASHINGTON NEIGHBORHOOD DELIVERY & COLLECTION BOX UNIT JN.D.C.B.U.) MAILBOX INST ALLA Tl ON 126 OWG. 5-012 NO. 1· CHN,ff[~ 4 SIDES REC"i'CL!D Pl.ASllC CR liM9[R 1 1/S-UIN. 1HICXNESS C;.lLVA.NIZ(O STEEL OR ;.LUMIMUW. INTEfllOR S10£ O!MENSIONS 1/4- 0R[AT[fl lHAH POST OH,IENSIONS. NOTES ~ 1£ REMOVAAI E AOl lARD SECTION A-A ~ )C ~ X 4'-r;f "' ' " 1/T GAL..-~1up EYE: aou W/WASHER N.0 NUT. RECESS t.1\JT A.ND PWi BOLT THR().()S I soo, fillN. lF.ST 00VAN1l£D CI-WN ANCI-IOR[D IN CONCRETE "' ' h =.(ECYCLED f'LASTIC BOLLARD SHALL BE WHIT!:: TIMBER SHALL BE DOUGLAS FIR. DENSE CONSTRUCTION GRADE, AND SHALL BE 1--'l~J-:SSUl~F TREATED WrTH A VVATERBORNE PRESERVATIVE (ACA CCA. ACZAJ 1r,.. ACCORDANCE WITH THC: REQUIREMENTS OF SEC'. 9-M.~ (4) OF THE WSOOT/APWA STAS.:DARD SPECIFICATIONS. TOP 5"' OF TIMBER SHAlL BE 1--'AINTED V\/HITE 2 STEEL TUBE SHALL CONFO.:C<.M TO ASTM ~'5 GRADE A 3 NUTS BOLTS. &. W/\SHFRS SHALL CONFORM TO ASTI,1 A.;.07. 4 ALL STEEL PARTS SHALL BE GALVANIZED 5 CONCRETE SHALL BE CLASS JOOO. 6. SEE SEC. 5 08 "f. MIN. 5 6 SPACING ON TRAILS LESS Tl IAN "\ D' WIDE 6 6 SPACING ON TP..AJLS 1 D' OR WIDER. <e> KNCl COUKrY PUll.JC WOfl(S KING COUNTY, W.ASHINGTON < M:C'l'tl!D P~C OR 111.IDUt I If' X ff X ~·-6"" I ~ ~ j~ < RFMOVARIE 801\ARD £1.Atj BOLLARDS 127 I" CH,IJ,lfER 4 SIDES i "' ~ "i ~ FIXED BQI I ARQ l:\Yt9· 5-01 3 .}./>• ,.L._I r ~,=a_ --tJ.- A SECT\ON OE l filER PORTLANO CEW£Nl CONCRCT[ PA\'EWENT --;::-"" " PLAN 1 COVER R-!!, 1 ,t" "(~ .. .,;.- "! • .• l. ,. , • ~. ~· ·~. 'lo ~ ~-1/4~ ~ ---~ ~- N !!~~ ,;~ R•J_JL:< .• :·_ ··!.:-~.-. I' R•J ';'" :I • ., -~ •, _, i .;-_; R•J 7 ~ P. C. C~~~ ,,_'"' ~. 11:•-4' ..... r,:t1 II. 4. "' PIPE MONUMENT - T c;;AlYANIZEO IRON Pl"£ """ OONCRm CORI' SECTION A A. R•~ J/< A ' NOTES: 1. CASTINGS SHALL BE GRAY IRON -'$TM MB. AASHTO M 105, CL.ASS 30. 2 COVER AJI.ID SEAT SHALL BE MACHJNEO FOR PERF'E:CT CONTACT AROUND CtRCU~FERENCE AND FULL WIDTH OF BEARING SURF ACL 3. APPROXIMATE CASE COVER TOT.Al WEIGHTS. STANDARD. 60 LBS 1Q LBS 79 LBS <J PAVEMENT SHALL BE ASPHAl.T CONCRETE: OR APPROVED SUBSTITUTE. 5. CONCRETE SHALL BE CLASS 4000 'L I.IIN. NOT[ JI ~P,W.T CCN: PJt.V[WEHT h • ~ • • ll. CRUSH'P "'°' CONCRETE MONUMENT (ALTERNATE) ~ l(J,IQ COUNTY P\8.JC WORKS KING COUNTY. WASHINGTON ROADWAY SURVEY MONUMENT WITH CASE 128 • ~Tij & Pl AN DF MON\JM[NJ ~,,...._ COPPER Pl.VG OR '""' ... I ~ .. 9H ' , ·-· ·.u-.... • ' . . , ' ··.· .. SECTION B-8 COVER ' ~ .. '!, DWG. 5-014 NO. NOTE: COi_;IVr , \ \\G "-::.. 't-' , }-- S250 FINE t FOR DISTURBING ;i 1/, CHAU.-....._ ..J'I'"~~ __.,r:r,_ __il/'r~ TS A343-;:: , r> BM A1362 -; ,<_ VG,, ~ ~' 't' ~<; v(' Y MO\;.\\> ONLY THE ..s!i!GNED IOENTirtCATION NUYBCRS ARE TO APPEM ON T:iE ..... '""'-.flAri m·~ 1-'\, -<(,, S£C1IOH A-8 f 'I s ~, ~ --.-+' G;.- A " \ t \ l t_J (i) BRASS DISC fl fWJION KtlCl COLfflY PUBUC WORl(S l<ING COUNTY. WASHINGTON "' ?a ~ -r 0£TAll OF l,ROO\I[ FOR 1/4" LrntRS , lfI... L(~ £f.Alj " ~ I O[lolJL OF Gf'!'00,1£ FOR J/115'" L£T'!£AS .r.N() UN~ D ~' LEDGE ROCK OR CONCRETE INSTAI LATION ).l0l[; ~~c,.l:11.'"IJ&: ENOUGH TO a.EAA IW!KER 1 \/'!" AT ALL POINTS -. ! ~f~i b ,;.-r- t ~3/32'" ' iJ, SEOt9t+ A fl -tt .. inL,-; ~ru SECTION G-C .. ··;·i·. ' . . . . . ·_ . · .. ~ · . .-. '::.:. .. . . : . !·.·:·,4'·~ ' •.•. ! 1'-(t'" WIN .. .~~ERAl INSTALi AT/ON SECJ!ON D-P ~: OFF-ROADWAY SURVEY 129 NOTES; THE BRASS DISC SHALL BE Ci\ST ;Jf Ya.LOVV BHASS S1\t 41 2. CONCRI: Tl SH/ILL L~t CL/\SS 4000 3 Tl IE HOLE SHAc.L 8[ 2.5' MIN IN D[PTH OR 0.5' BELO/'/ THE DEEPEST RECORCED FROST LINE. ALL LOOSE MATERIAL Sr'.ALL BE REMOVED FRO'v1 THE BOTIO~ OF THE HOLE SO THAT THE CO~CRETE IS ON FIRM UNO:STURBED EARTH 4 -HE TOP OF THE CONCRETE: SHALL BE TROWLED SMOOlH ANlJ 1r1:_ DRJ\SS DISC St.I IN ·:-it::. Ci::.Nlt:.K WITH ITS TOP EDGC FLUSf--i AND LEVEL 5. COORDINATES OR :::LEVATIONS SrlALL N:r G[ Pl ... ACrn ON THE BRASS OlSCS MONUMENT DWG. 5-015 NO. King County KING COUNTY COMPREHENSIVE PLAN 2004 Adopted September 2004 King County Department of Development and Environmenta'r'Services 900 Oakesdale Avenue Southwest Renton, WA 98055-1219 http://www.metrokc.gov/ddes/compplan/ For Alternate Formats call 206-296-6600 Table 01 Contents King Countv Comprehensive Plan 2004 Published January 2005 Introduction Chapter One -Regional Planning I. Defining Regional Objectives 11. Planning Framework A. Multi-County Planning B. Countywide Planning C. Subarea Planning D. Functional Planning E. Neighborhood Planning Ill. Comprehensive Plan Amendments IV. Review and Evaluation Chapter Two -Urban Communities I. Urban Land Use 11. Ill. IV. A. Urban Communities B. Residential Land Use C. Commercial Land Use D. Urban Planned Developments (UPDs) and Fully Contained Communities (FCCS) E. Urban Separators and the Four-to-One Program Potential Annexation Areas Economic Development A. Overview B. Business Development -Creation, Retention, Expansion. and Recruitment C. Workforce Development -Skilled Workers, Employer Involvement and Economic Opportunities D. Regional Plans, Regional Projects and Public Private Partnerships Housing A. Housing Choice and Opportunity Throughout King County 1-1 1 -1 1-3 1-5 1-5 1-5 1-6 1-6 1-7 1-9 1-11 2-1 2-2 2-2 2-8 2-12 2-1 B 2-21 2-23 2-26 2-26 2-27 2-29 2-30 2-32 2-32 Table of Contents -1 September 2004 B. Affordable Housing Development 2-34 C. Preservation of Existing Affordable Housing 2-36 D. Access to Housing 2-37 E. Reducing Development Costs 2-38 F. New Housing Models 2-39 G. Direct Assistance to Households 2-39 H. Balancing Jobs and Housing 2-40 V. Human Services 2-41 A. King County's Role in Human Services 2-41 B. King County's Human Service Goals 2-42 C. Assessing Use of Resources and Achievement of Goals 2-43 VI. Sustainable Development 2-44 A. Sustainable Development for King County Capital Improvement Projects 2-44 B. Sustainable Development in the Private Sector 2-44 C. Low-Impact Development 2-45 Chapter Three -Rural Legacy and Natural Resource Lands 3-1 I. Rural Legacy 3-3 A. Maintaining Rural Lifestyle 3-3 B. Forestry in the Rural Area 3-6 C. Farming in the Rural Area 3-7 D. Equestrian Communities 3-B II. Rural Densities and Development 3-10 A. Rural Growth Forest 3-1 O B. Residential Densities 3-1 O C. Transfer of Development Rights Program 3-13 D. Nonresidential Uses 3-15 E. Character/Development Standards 3-16 F. Sustainable Development 3-17 G. Low-Impact Development 3-17 Ill. Rural Public Facilities and Service 3-18 IV. Rural Cities, Towns and Neighborhoods 3-19 A. Rural Cities 3-19 B. Rural Towns 3-19 C. Rural Neighborhoods 3-21 D. Nonresource Industrial Uses and Development Standards in the Rural Area 3-22 V. Resource Lands 3-24 A. Resource Conservation Strategy 3-25 B. Forestry 3-28 C. Agriculture 3-32 D. Mineral Resources 3-36 E. Mineral Resources Property Information for Mineral Resources Map 3-49 Chapter Four -Environment 4-1 I. Natural Environment 4-2 A. Protection and Regulation 4-2 B. Air Quality 4-5 C. Water Resources 4-B D. Erosion and Landslide Hazards 4-16 E. Fish and Wildlife 4-19 F. Soils and Organics 4-23 II. Endangered Species Act 4-26 Chapter Five -Parks, Open Sp'ace and Cultural Resources 5-1 September 2004 Table of Contents -2 I. Parks, Recreation and Open Space A. The Regional Open System of Parks, Trails, Natural Areas and Working 5-2 5-2 5-3 5-3 5-6 5-8 5-8 5-9 5-9 5-9 II. Resource Lands B. Local Parks C. Components of the Regional Open Space System D. Achieving the Open Space System Cultural Resources A. Arts B. Historic Preservation C. Public Art D. Heritage E. Cooperation F. Stewardship of Cultural Resources Chapter Six -Transportation I. Regional System A. Countywide Transportation Service Provider B. Public Transportation C. Regional and Freight Mobility D. Transportation and Demand Management II. Linking Transportation Infrastructure and Services with Growth A. Land Use B. Travel Forecasts C. Level of Service Standards D. Concurrency E. Mode Split Ill. Transportation System Planning and Design A. Arterials and Streets B. Public Transportation Strategies C. Nonmotorized Transportation D. Air Quality IV. Finance A. Funding Capabilities: Road-Related Sources B. Revenue Shortfall C. Urban Unincorporated Area Road Financing V. Coordination VI. Implementation and Monitoring VII. Transportation Element: Requirements and Components A. Land Use Assumptions B. Estimated Traffic Impacts to State-Owned Facilities C. An Inventory of Transportation Facilities and Services D. Level of Service Standards Including Standards for State Routes E. Actions to Bring Facilities into Compliance F. Traffic Forecasts for at Least Ten Years G. State and Local Transportation Needs to Meet Current and Future Demands H. Analysis of Funding Capability I. Intergovernmental Coordination J. Concurrency K. Consistency of Plans Chapter Seven -Services, Facilities and Utilities I. Regional Services I I. Facilities and Services Table of Contents -3 5-10 5-10 6-1 6-2 6-2 6-3 6-5 6-5 6-7 6-7 6-8 6-8 6-9 6-10 6-11 6-11 6-12 6-13 6-14 6-16 6-16 6-16 6-17 6-19 6-20 6-21 6-21 6-21 6-21 6-21 6-21 6-22 6-22 6-22 6-22 6-22 6-22 7-1 7-2 7-3 September 2004 A. Providing a Spectrum of Services B. Urban and Rural Services C. Identifying Needs for Facilities and Services D. Capital Facility Planning E. Addressing Service Deficiencies F. Financing Strategies G. Essential Public Facilities H. Water Supply I. Public Sewers and On-site Wastewater Treatment and Disposal Systems Ill. J. Solid Waste K. Surface Water Management L. Floodplain Management Energy and Telecommunications A. Energy B. Telecommunications Chapter Eight -Community Plans I. Bear Creek II. East Sammamish Ill. Enumclaw IV. Federal Way V. Highline VI. Newcastle VI I. Norths ho re VI 11. Shoreline IX. Snoqualmie Valley X. Soos Creek XI. Tahoma/Raven Heights XII. Vashon XIII. West Hill/White Center Chapter Nine -Implementation I. Land Use Designations and Zoning Classifications/Code 11. Other Implementing King County Codes Ill. Incentives Glossary Ordinance List of Maps Chapter One // Land Use Map Chapter Two Interim Potential Annexation Areas Map / Urban Centers Map Chapter Three Agricultural and Forest Lands Map Equestrian Communities Map Mineral Resources 2004 V V September 2004 Table of Contents -4 7-3 7-3 7-3 7-4 7-5 7-5 7-6 7-7 7-11 7-13 7-14 7-15 7-16 7-16 7-22 8-1 8-2 8-5 8-9 8-11 8-12 8-13 8-14 8-17 8-18 8-27 8-30 8-32 8-36 9-1 9-2 9-4 9-5 G-1 0-1 1-13 2-47 2-49 3-43 3-45 3-47 Chapter Four Wildlife Habitat Network and Public Ownership Map 4-29 Chapter Five Open Space System Map 5-13 Table of Contents -5 September 2004 Introduction King Counh Co1Dprehensive Plan 2004 A. About King County King County has some of the most beautiful scenery in the country, some of the most productive farmlands, and one of the most vibrant economies. The King County Comprehensive Plan 2004 establishes a vision that preserves this incredible diversity while continuing to acknowledge that citizens want options as to where they live, work and play. The plan guides growth and development throughout the unincorporated areas of the county and establishes King County's position on maJor issues such as annexations, regional water supply and environmental protection. King County Geography King County, covering 2,130 square miles, is the size of the state of Delaware, but much more geographically diverse. It extends from Puget Sound in the west to 8,000-foot Mt. Daniel at the Cascade crest to the east. King County's various landforms include saltwater coastline, river floodplains, plateaus, slopes and mountains, punctuated with lakes and salmon streams. Lake Washington, covering 35 square miles, and Lake Sammamish with 8 square miles are the two largest bodies of fresh water. Vashon-Maury Island in Puget Sound and Mercer Island in Lake Washington provide different island environments. The north-south trending shapes of the lakes and hills make east-west travel more difficult than north-south travel. Four major river basins with salmon-bearing streams are separated by step- sided plateaus whose slopes are subject to landslides and erosion. King County Jurisdictions As of 2004, there are 39 cities ranging in size from Seattle with 572,000 people to Skykomish and Beaux Arts with less than 350 each. Since December 1994, five new cities have incorporated, shifting 120,000 people into city limits. King County's 39 cities cover 383 square miles, or 18% of the county's total land area. The incorporated population has increased by a total of 327,000 since 1994, primarily due to new cities and large annexations as well as growth within existing boundaries. Unincorporated King County, the territory outside any city, now has about 352,000 people or 20% of the county's population, on 82% of its land area. The unincorporated population has decreased by 148,000 since the 1994 Comprehensive Plan was initially adopted, chiefly through the incorporation of new cities. King County Demographics In 2004, with more than 1,779,000 people, King County is the largest county in Washington State and the 13th largest in the nation. As a populous large county with a major central city. King County constitutes the majority of the "Seattle-Bellevue-Everett" metropolitan area of nearly 2.5 million persons. King County exhibits growing diversity: 73% of the population is non-Hispanic white, 11 % Asian or Pacific Islander, 5% African-American, 1 % Native American and ((4-%))5.5% Latino (2000 census). Introduction -1 September 2004 King County's population has grown by 11 % since 1994, a modest rate compared with Sunbelt metro areas and nearby Puget Sound counties. However, given the large population already here, the growth numbers are significant. The population increase since 1994 equals the total existing population of the cities of Bellevue and Renton. King County is forecasted to grow by an additional 270,000 persons (15%) to about 2,049,000 by 2022. The number of housing units in King County is growing at about the same rate as its population. Now estimated at 775,000 houses, apartment and condominium units and mobile homes, housing has increased by 83,000 units (12%) since 1994. Household size has stabilized after declining in the 1970s and 1980s, and is now estimated at 2.39 persons per household. A slight decline in household size is anticipated in coming years, to about 2.30 in 2022. King County Economy More than 1.1 million workers are employed within the borders of King County, at nearly 84,000 business establishments. With more than 40% of Washington state's Jobs and payroll, the county is truly the economic engine of Washington and the Pacific Northwest. With a 2002 payroll exceeding $52 billion, the King County economy is larger than that of several U.S. states. King County has a cyclical economy, with booms and recessions typically on a ten-year cycle. During the 1990s, the number of jobs grew by 26% to almost 1.2 million, then edged downward after 2001. Manufacturing employment remains important, but aerospace, the largest sector, has lost 12,000 jobs since 2001. The economy has diversified from the traditional aerospace and resource bases to high tech, services and trade, both local and international. Unemployment has recently increased after several years of historic lows. However, long-term prospects are favorable for a return to healthy economic growth and further increases in jobs. B. Planning in King County King County's comprehensive land use planning dates back to 1964. Its first comprehensive plan under the State Growth Management Act (GMA) was adopted in 1994. The GMA, passed by the Washington State Legislature in 1990, seeks to further protect the quality of life in the Pacific Northwest. The GMA directs the state's most populous and fastest growing counties and their cities to prepare comprehensive land use plans that anticipate growth for a 20-year horizon. Comprehensive plans adopted in accordance with GMA must manage growth so that development is directed to designated urban areas and away from rural areas. The GMA also requires jurisdictions to designate and protect critical areas and commercially significant forestry, agriculture, and mining areas. The GMA requires each comprehensive plan to adhere to a set of thirteen goals and to include the following elements: land use, housing, capital facilities, utilities, rural, and transportation. The King County Comprehensive Plan 2000 represented the first major review and the first set of substantive changes since the county's current comprehensive plan was initially adopted 1n 1994. The 2004 update is the second major review. The 2004 update also satisfies a state requirement that the county's urban growth area be reviewed every ten years. The King Countywide Planning Policies (CPPs) set the framework for the county's and cities' comprehensive plans. The CPPs, adopted by the county and cities in 1992, establish an Urban Growth Area (UGA) within the western one-third of King County where most growth and development is targeted. The goals of the policies include: reducing urban sprawl, protecting rural areas, providing affordable housing throughout the county and coordinating protection of environmentally sensitive areas. September 2004 Introduction -2 C. Summary of the King County Comprehensive Plan How the Plan is Used The King County Comprehensive Plan provides a legal framework for making decisions about land use in unincorporated King County. Public and private agencies, property owners, developers, community groups and King County staff use the comprehensive plan in several ways. First, tne plan is the framework for other plans and regulations such as subarea plans and the King County Code that govern the location and density of land uses. It provides guidance to county officials for decisions on proposals such as zoning changes and developments. It also gives the public direction on the county's position on proposed changes in land use or zoning, environmental regulations, or broader policy issues. The plan also provides a basis for decisions about public spending on facilities and services. And, the plan presents other agencies, such as cities and special purpose districts, with King County's position on large-scale matters such as annexation, use of resource lands, environmental protection and others. The GMA allows local comprehensive plan amendments to be considered once each year. In King County, those annual amendments allow technical changes only, except for once every four years. Then, during the "Four-Year Cycle review process," substantive changes to policies, land use designations and the Urban Growth Area boundary can be proposed and adopted. Following is a summary. by chapter, of the plan: Chapter One: Regional Planning The vision and goals of this plan are based on the 13 planning goals specified in the Washington State Growth Management Act, the Countywide Planning Policies and the values voiced by the citizens of King County. The official King County Land Use is included in this chapter. This chapter also describes the county's process for amending the Comprehensive Plan and outlines and distinguishes the annual cycle and the four-year-cycle amendments. Chapter Two: Urban Communities The Urban Communities chapter brings together several of the major elements necessary to make a community whole: housing, business centers, economic development and human services. By merging these elements into one chapter, King County emphasizes the importance each plays as a part of a livable community. A major tenet of the GMA is to target growth in the urban areas, so the policies in this chapter better facilitate urban development where infrastructure and facilities exist or can be readily provided. Chapter Three: Rural Legacy Protecting a rural way-of-life in King County is a major thrust of the plan. Conserving King County's rural and natural resource lands integral to providing diversity in lifestyle choices, continuing farming and forestry economies. protecting environmental quality and wildlife habitat, and maintaining a link to King County's resource-based heritage. Chapter Four: Environment With Chinook salmon and Puget Sound and Coastal Bull trout now listed as threatened species under the Endangered Species Act, and other species about to Join the list, protecting the environment is a priority. King County's programs for protecting the environment are some of the most advanced 1n the country. Protecting and restoring air quality, water resources, soils, and Introduction -3 September 2004 plant, fish and animal habitats are among King County's primary goals. This chapter establishes policies to protect the environment and enhance the region's high quality of life, Chapter Five: Parks, Open Space and Cultural Resources Protecting and enhancing King County's communities through public funding while encouraging continued stewardship for county parks, open spaces, recreation, and cultural resources is the central focus of Chapter Five. Chapter Six: Transportation King County will continue to promote a transportation system that provides residents with a range of transportation choices that respond to both community needs and environmental concerns. Chapter Seven: Service, Facilities and Utilities The Growth Management Act requires coordinated planning so that the services required by new residents and their homes and businesses are available as growth occurs. Needed services include many that are not provided by King County, such as water supply, local sanitary sewers, fire protection, schools, energy facilities, and telecommunications. King County does provide services such as regional wastewater treatment, regional solid waste management, and local stormwater management. This chapter guides service provision. Chapter Eight: Community Planning King County's community plans (except for the Vashon Town Plan, West Hill, and White Center) are no longer in effect as separately adopted plans. In many cases, however, the plans contain valuable historical information about King County's communities and often provide background for the land uses in effect today. Policies from the community plans were retained as part of the comprehensive plan to recognize the unique characteristics of each community. Chapter Nine: Implementation The comprehensive plan policies, development regulations and countywide planning policy framework have been adopted to achieve the growth management objectives. This chapter explains the relationship between planning and zoning. D. Technical Appendices Integral to the vision and goals of the comprehensive plan are the detailed inventories, forecasts, finance plans and Urban Growth Area analysis required by the Growth Management Act. ((+llffie))Four technical appendices (Volume 1) are adopted as part of the plan to implement these Growth Management Act requirements (RCW 36.?0A.070, 36.?0A.110), 36.70A130). These appendices were updated in 2004. Beginning with 2004, Technical Appendix D was moved to Volume 1. Volume 1 Technical Appendix A. Facilities and Services• Technical Appendix B. Housing Technical Appendix C. Transportation • Technical Appendix D. Growth Targets and the Urban Growth Area 2004 Additional important information also supports the plan vision and goals. Nine technical appendices (Volume II) were prepared to provide supporting documentation to the 1994 plan: September 2004 Introduction -4 Volume 2 Technical Appendix D. Technical Appendix E. Technical Appendix F. Technical Appendix G. Technical Appendix H. Technical Appendix I. Technical Appendix J. Technical Appendix K. Technical Appendix L. Growth Targets and the Urban Growth Area Washington State Laws History of Planning in King County Economic Development Natural Resource Lands Natural Environment Potential Annexation Areas King County Functional and Community Plans Public Involvement Summary Information that supported amendments subsequent to 1994 are included as follows: Volume 3 Technical Appendix M. Public Participation Summary 2000' Volume 4 Technical Appendix N. Public Participation Summary 2004 E. The Regulations The King County Comprehensive Plan is implemented through the adopted regulations. These include the King County Zoning Code and other code titles such as Water and Sewer Systems. Roads and Bridges. and Land Segregation. All development proposals in King County must meet the requirements of the code. F. For More Information Copies of the plan are available in all King County libraries. Please visit the website of the King County Department of Development and Environmental Services at http://www.metrokc.gov/ddes/compplan for current information on planning in King County and to view electronic versions of the plan and related documents. As required by the GMA, King County maintains a docket for recording comments on the King County Comprehensive Plan and associated development regulations. Comments logged on the docket are reviewed by the county and made available for review by the public. The docket is available on the King County Website at http://www.metrokc.gov/ddes/compplan. Introduction -5 September 2004 Cha ter One Regional Planning Cha ter One Regional Planning Passage of the Growth Management Act (GMA) in 1990 by the State Legislature was the first critical step in the development of rational policies to sustain growth in Washington. For the first time in the state's history, all urban counties and their cities were required to develop and adopt comprehensive plans and regulations to implement these plans. To ensure comparable planning efforts, the Growth Management Act requires that comprehensive plans address specific issues including, but not limited to: land use, transportation, housing, facilities and services, utilities. natural environment, and economic development. To achieve coordinated planning efforts, the Growth Management Act further requires that counties and cities develop a set of framework policies to guide development of each jurisdiction's comprehensive plan. In order to implement the Growth Management Act. King County conducts planning on five different levels. These levels of planning encompass land areas ranging in size from small neighborhoods to multiple counties. Five Levels of Plannina for Kin County Level Purpose Examples Multi-county Most frequently, multi-county planning is • Metropolitan Transportation conducted by the Puget Sound Regional Plan Council and includes King, Pierce, • Regional Benchmarks Snohomish, and Kitsap Counties. This • Multi-county Economic level of planning is needed to address Development Strategy issues that affect the entire Central Puget • Multi-county Planning Policies Sound req1on. Countywide This level of planning is conducted by King • Countywide Planning Policies County in cooperation with the cities to • King County Comprehensive address a wide range of issues that affect Plan I the entire county. • Action Plan for Affordable Housinq ---------·----------· Subarea This level of planning. previously called • Duwamish Coalition Pro1ect community plans and basin plans, brings • Fall City Subarea Plan the policy direction of the comprehensive plan to a smaller qeoqraphic scale. ---------··--- Functional This level of planning is conducted by King • Parks, Recreation and Open County, special purpose districts or other Space Plan agencies. Some plans cover the entire • Regional Wastewater Services county, while others pertain to specific Plan areas. Functional plans focus on the • Six-Year Transit Development delivery ot services or facilities. Plan Neighborhood These local plans address issues of • White Center Action Plan concern to individual communities. • Vashon Town Plan i • Aurora Corridor Study The Growth Management Act also provides for re-evaluation of the comprehensive plan to address emerging land use and regulatory issues. The act also calls for jurisdictions to evaluate September 2004 progress towards the implementation of respective comprehensive plans and countywide planning policies. September 2004 1-2 I. Defining Regional Obiectives Prompted by citizens, King County adopted its first comprehensive plan to manage growth in 1964. Two decades later, the 1985 Comprehensive Plan identified an urban growth boundary line to limit urban growth to areas with the infrastructure needed for facilities and services. It also established policies to preserve rural areas, conserve the natural environment and designate resource lands for long-term agriculture and forest production. King County played a key role in the development of Vision 2020. a long-range grow1h management. economic and transportation strategy for the central Puget Sound region. Vision 2020, developed by the Puget Sound Regional Council (PSRC), outlines a growth management and transportation strategy under state and federal laws. Member counties and cities of the PSRC adopted Vision 2020 in 1 990. The Grow1h Management Act (GMA), adopted by the state legislature ,n 1990, requires urban counties to develop comprehensive land use plans addressing growth. The GMA also requires counties and cities to work together to develop framework policies to guide the comprehensive plan development. These Countywide Planning Policies (CPP), first adopted in 1992, establish a vision for the future of King County-its cities, unincorporated urban areas, rural areas, and farms and forests. Under the CPP vision for the year 2022, King County will boast a diversified sound regional economy and high quality of life with a defined rural area, busy urban centers linked by a high capacity transit system and preservation of many natural areas. King County's comprehensive plan builds on this vision for the unincorporated part of the county. The county's first comprehensive plan under the GMA was adopted in 1994. The 2004 update continues to be based on not only the mandates of the law, but also the goals voiced by citizens during the 1994 plan process and repeated during the plan update process. The policies in this plan support the following objectives, which reflect the GMA goals, the CPP and public opinion: • Preserve the high quality of life by balancing infrastructure needs with social, cultural, educational, recreational, civic, health and safety needs. • Spend money wisely and deliver services efficiently by: • Concentrating infrastructure investments and service delivery to support the regional development pattern near cities where a full range of local services are located or can be made available: • Solving service deficiencies within the county to meet existing service needs and phasing service improvements for the needs of future growth; • Looking to King County to provide countywide facilities and services: and • Relying primarily upon cities and special purpose districts as the providers of local facilities and services appropriate to serve those local needs, except where the county is the local service provider (e.g., rural area). • Continue our economic prosperity by promoting a strong and diverse economy for King County residents through policies and programs that encourage new business opportunities, increase family wage jobs and create a predictable regulatory environment for businesses and citizens. • Increase the housing choices for all residents by permitting a wide variety of home styles and by increasing the housing opportunities for all residents in locations closer to jobs. 1-3 September 2004 • Ensure that necessary transportation facilities and services are available to serve development at the time of occupancy and use by targeting road and transit investments where growth is desired and for equitable contributions to the transportation system by new development. • Balance urban uses and environmental protection through careful site planning that maximizes developable land while respecting natural systems. • Preserve rural, resource and ecologically fragile areas for future generations by maintaining low residential densities in the rural areas and in areas containing regionally and nationally important ecosystems for fish and wildlife and by recognizing that resource lands, such as farms and forests, provide economic, social and environmental benefits. To help achieve these goals, this King County Comprehensive Plan 2004 Update: • Includes strategies to address the problems of growth; • Renews emphasis on environmental protection in light of listings of Chinook salmon and bull trout as threatened species under the federal Endangered Species Act; • Calls for the county to continue to work with its citizens and other jurisdictions to tackle issues and develop solutions consistent with community values; and • Brings together the elements needed to guide growth and development in unincorporated King County toward the goal of a thriving, healthy and environmentally sound county. The general policies in this section call on King County to strive to provide a high quality of life, actively solicit citizen participation, and use its planning processes to strengthen communities. RP-101 King County shall strive to provide a high quality of life for its residents by working with cities, special purpose districts and residents to develop attractive, safe and accessible urban communities, retain rural character and rural neighborhoods, support economic development, maintain resource lands and preserve the natural environment. RP-102 King County shall actively solicit citizen participation from individuals and organized groups, including Unincorporated Area Councils, in the development and implementation of its plans. RP-103 King County shall seek comment during its planning processes from federally-recognized tribes. RP-104 King County's planning should strengthen communities by addressing all the issues, resources and needs that make a community whole, including land use, transit, health, human services, natural environment and the provision of infrastructure and other services. RP-105 King County shall integrate responses to the listings under the Endangered Species Act into future planning and economic development efforts and resource management programs to achieve a balance between environmental, social and economic goals and objectives. RP-106 The Urban Growth Area line is considered long-term and can only be amended consistent with Countywide Planning Policy FW-1, and comprehensive plan policies contained in this plan. RP-107 The Comprehensive Plan Land Use Map is adopted as part of this plan. It depicts the Urban Growth Area, rural area, natural resource lands and other land uses. The Land Use Map at the end of this chapter generally represents the official Comprehensive Plan Land Use Map. September 2004 1-4 - ) II. Planning Framework There is a hierarchy of planning in the county with consistency between the levels. Some issues, such as the establishment of the Urban Growth Area (UGA). are best decided at the countywide level, while others, such as the amount of commercial space needed in a neighborhood. are best determined at the subarea plan level. The county will move over time to become both a regional and a rural government, without responsibility for land use planning on a local level with the UGA. This transition will be gradual, depending on the desires of local communities and the ability of cities to provide services to newly annexed areas. RP-201 King County's planning should include multi-county, countywide, subarea and neighborhood levels of planning. Working with citizens, special purpose districts and cities as planning partners, the county shall strive to balance the differing needs identified across or within plans at these geographic levels. A. Multi-County Planning The Growth Management Act states that multi-county planning must be done tor the tour-county region encompassing King, Pierce, Snohomish, and Kitsap Counties. This requirement was fulfilled by the Puget Sound Regional Council (PSRC) through the creation of the Multi-county Planning Policies. Multi-county planning will continue to be conducted under the auspices of the Puget Sound Regional Council with participation by the four counties. Other examples of multi- county planning include the Regional Transportation Plan, Regional Benchmarks and the Multi- county Economic Development Strategy. B. Countywide Planning Countywide planning is conducted by King County in cooperation with the cities to address a wide range of issues that affect the entire county. State law requires that planning be coordinated on a countywide level, and that the county itself adopt a comprehensive plan to regulate those areas it has director responsibility for. The Countywide Planning Policies, adopted by the Metropolitan King County Council and ratified by the cities within the county in 1992, are revised on an ongoing basis to implement the Growth Management Act and to meet the state requirement for countywide planning. The Countywide Planning Policies describe an overall vision for the cities and unincorporated portions of King County, and provide general strategies and approaches to be used by local jurisdictions. acting individually and cooperatively, to achieve that vision. The Countywide Planning Policies were developed by a formal body, the Growth Management Planning Council (GMPC) which consists of elected officials from Seattle, the suburban cities and King County with ex-officio members from the special purpose districts from the Port of Seattle. The GMPC meets regularly to review issues of countywide significance and propose amendments to the Countywide Planning Policies. King County, the City of Seattle, Bellevue, and the other cities and towns of King County are responsible for ensuring that their respective comprehensive plans are consistent with and implement the Countywide Planning Policies. As the regional government, King County provides leadership on issues of countywide importance. The county should continue to emphasize implementation of the Countywide Planning Policies when engaged in planning and negotiating 1-5 September 2004 activities with cities and other service providers. Examples of such opportunities include Potential Annexation Area, preannexation, and other interlocal agreements. The King County Comprehensive Plan provides policy guidance for unincorporated King County. The comprehensive plan addresses all of the mandatory and several of the optional elements of the State Growth Management Act. The plan serves as a vital guide to the future and provides a framework for managing change. RP-202 King County shall implement the Countywide Planning Policies through its comprehensive plan and through Potential Annexation Area, preannexation and other interlocal agreements with the cities. C. Subarea Planning Subarea planning, previously called community planning and basin planning, focuses the policy direction of the comprehensive plan to a smaller geographic area. Examples include the Fall City Subarea Plan, and planning efforts within a watershed or basin. Development of subarea plans are guided by the following policy as well as other applicable policies of the comprehensive plan. RP-203 Subarea plans provide detailed land use plans for local geographic areas. Subarea plans implement and shall be elements of the King County Comprehensive Plan and shall be consistent with the plan's policies, development regulations and Land Use Map. The subarea plans should be consistent with functional plans' facility and service standards. The subarea plans may include, but are not limited to: a. Identification of policies in the comprehensive plan that apply to the subarea; b. Review and update of applicable community plan policies; c. Specific land uses and implementing zoning, consistent with the comprehensive plan; d. Identification of the boundaries of Unincorporated Activity Centers and Rural Towns; e. Recommendations for the establishment of new Unincorporated Activity Centers, Community and Neighborhood Business Centers, if appropriate; f. Recommendations for additional Open Space designations and park sites; g. Recommendations for capital improvements, the means and schedule for providing them and amendments to functional plans to support planned land uses; h. Resolution of land use and service issues in Potential Annexation Areas; i. Identification of new issues that need resolution at a countywide level; and, j. Identification of all necessary implementing measures needed to carry out the plan. D. Functional Planning Functional plans are detailed plans for facilities and services and also include action plans and programs for other governmental activities. Sarne functional plans are operational or programmatic and guide daily management decisions. Others include specific details of facility design and location. _Plans that guide specific siting of facilities must be consistent with the comprehensive plan. Functional plans are prepared by King County, independent special purpose districts or other public and private agencies. The Regional Wastewater Services Plan, which plans for conveyance, treatment and disposal of sewage, is an example of a functional September 2004 1-6 111. Comprehensive Plan Amendments In the process of implementing the comprehensive plan, there may be a need for amendments to address emerging land use and regulatory issues. The county has established the comprehensive plan amendment process to enable individual citizens, businesses, community groups, cities, county departments and others to propose changes to existing comprehensive plan policies and development regulations. This process provides for continuous and systematic review of comprehensive plan policies and development regulations in response to changing conditions and circumstances impacting growth and development throughout King County. The comprehensive plan amendment process includes and annual cycle and a four-year cycle. The_annual cycle generally is limited to those amendments that propose technical changes. The four-year cycle is designed to address amendments that propose substantive changes. This amendment process, based on a defined cycle, provides the measure of certainty and predictability necessary to allow for new land use initiatives to work. By allowing annual amendments, the process provides sufficient flexibility to account for technical adjustments or changed circumstances. The process requires early and continuous public involvement and necessitates meaningful public dialogue. King County has established a docket process to facilitate public involvement and participation in the comprehensive plan amendment process in accordance with RCW 36.?0A.470. Parties interested in proposing changes to existing comprehensive plan policies, development regulations, land use designations, zoning, or other components of the plan can obtain and complete a docket form outlining the proposed amendment. Docket forms are available via the King County Web site at: http://www.metrokc.gov/ddes/compplan/. RP-301 RP-302 RP-303 RP-304 RP-305 The amendment process shall provide continuing review and evaluation of comprehensive plan policies and development regulations. Through the amendment process, King County Comprehensive Plan policies and supporting development regulations shall be subject to review, evaluation, and amendment according to an annual cycle and a four-year cycle in accordance with RCW 36.70A.130 (1) and (2). The annual cycle shall consider proposed amendments which do not require substantive changes to comprehensive plan policies and development regulations, or which do not alter the Urban Growth Area (UGA) Boundary. If the proposed amendments are necessary for the protection and recovery of threatened and endangered species, then subarea plans and proposals for a 4 to 1 project can be considered as part of the annual cycle. The four-year cycle shall consider proposed amendments that could be considered in the annual cycle and also those outside the scope of the annual cycle, proposed amendments relating to substantive changes to comprehensive plan policies and development regulations, and proposals to alter the Urban Growth Area Boundary in accordance with applicable provisions of Countywide Planning Policy FW-1. In accordance with RCW 36.?0A.140 and the State Environmental Policy Act, as applicable, King County shall ensure public participation in the 1-9 September 2004 amendment process for comprehensive plan policies and development regulations. King County shall disseminate information regarding public involvement in the comprehensive plan amendment process, including, but not limited to, the following: description of procedures and schedules for proposing amendments to comprehensive plan policies and development regulations; guidelines for participating in the docket process; public meetings to obtain comments from the public or other agencies; provision of public review documents; and dissemination of information relating to the comprehensive plan amendment process on the Internet or through other methods. The following policies guide the preparation of amendments and their review by King County. RP-306 RP-307 RP-308 Amendments to the Comprehensive Plan Land Use Map are subject to the requirements listed in policies RP-307 and RP-308. Proposed amendments each calendar year shall be considered by the Metropolitan King County Council concurrently so that the cumulative effect of the proposals can be determined. All proposed Comprehensive Plan amendments should include the following elements: a. A detailed statement of what is proposed to be changed and why; b. A statement of anticipated impacts of the change, including geographic area affected and issues presented; c. A demonstration of why existing comprehensive plan guidance should not continue in effect or why existing criteria no longer apply; d. A statement of how the amendment complies with the Growth Management Act's goals and specific requirements; e. A statement of how the amendment complies with the Countywide Planning Policies; f. A statement of how functional plans and capital improvement programs support the change; and g. Public review of the recommended change, necessary implementation (including area zoning if appropriate) and alternatives. Proposed amendments to the comprehensive plan policies should be accompanied by any changes to development regulations, modifications to capital improvement programs, subarea, neighborhood, and functional plans required for implementation so that regulations will be consistent with the plan. A financial analysis is critical to all subarea, functional and neighborhood plans in order to evaluate the resources required and the time frame necessary for full implementation. Plan alternatives and costs should be clearly understood and plans should be financially achievable. RP-309 King County should identify the financial costs and public benefits of proposed subarea, functional and neighborhood plans prior to adoption to ensure that implementation can be appropriately prioritized. September2004 1-10 IV. Review and Evaluation In accordance with the Growth Management Act (GMA), King County and its cities have developed a Review and Evaluation Program in order to collect and review information relating to a variety of critical land use planning issues. The purpose of the Review and Evaluation Program is to provide policy makers, business leaders, cities, other agencies, and the public with information to evaluate the progress made by jurisdictions on the implementation of the respective comprehensive plan and Countywide Planning Policies. The Review and Evaluation Program involves a combination of implementation, monitoring, and reporting or information relating to critical countywide measures and indicators. This information is furnished through annual publications such as The King County Annual Growth Report and The King County Benchmark Report. King County collects and reviews information relating to and including. but not limited to, the following: • Urban densities; • Remaining land capacity (buildable lands); • Growth and development assumptions, targets, and objectives; • Residential, commercial, and industrial development; , Transportation; , Affordable housing: , Economic development; and • Environmental quality. Working in cooperation with the Growth Management Planning Council and the cities, King County evaluates data collected countyw1de and publishes the King County Annual Growth Report and the King County Benchmark Report. In addition, on an on-going basis, King County prepares and transmits progress reports to the Washington State Department of Community, Trade and Economic Development. Some of the objectives of the Review and Evaluation Program include: • Determining whether a county and its cities are achieving urban densities within urban growth areas by comparing growth and development assumptions, targets, and obJectives contained in the Countywide Planning Policies and the county and city comprehensive plans with actual growth and development in the county and cities. • Determining whether there is sufficient suitable land to accommodate applicable county-wide population projections: • Determining the actual density of housing constructed within the UGA since the adoption of, or since the most recent evaluation of the comprehensive plan; • Determining the actual amount of land developed for commercial and industrial uses within the UGA since the adoption of, or since the most recent evaluation of the comprehensive plan; , Reviewing commercial, industrial, and housing needs by type and density range to determine the amount of land needed for commercial, industrial, and housing for the remaining portion of the twenty-year planning period used in the most recently adopted comprehensive plan; and , Adopting and implementing measures intended to promote consistency between estimates of available land capacity, measures of actual development by type, and goals and objectives of city and county comprehensive plan policies, development regulations, and Countywide Planning Policies. Such measures include, but are not limited to possible amendments to Countywide Planning Policies as determined necessary by the county and the cities. 1-11 September 2004 RP-401 March 2004 King County shall, in conjunction with the cities in accordance with the Countywide Planning Policies, conduct a Review and Evaluation Program to determine whether it is achieving needed urban densities within the Urban Growth Area. If necessary, the evaluation should also identify measures, other than adjusting the UGA, that can be taken to comply with the GMA. I I I '.) i t · I \\ / ) J / I ( ) \ ' J. - \ ,, ~ / . ' / -·-·--· K ng Co unty Comprehensive Pl an . 2004 Chao ler On e, Regional Planning rr).'to ·~1;n o ~:s'-i':o-pl:\n'.20Q4\2004 _cp u mxd Pa-1< AW'::, ','sd:lvs?O l";J•!l· .... VT' "'-PS\200"' i21200.._KCCP'o4'o 'o'{('_:i:004 1 2Z:_cpl u.pdf Sr,<>lw'>ffl,!J'I Countf ·---·-.• ·-...,w""I-· . The 1n'o 1mation included on this m."'lp has been comr:•!!d l)oJ K 09 :;;;iu nty $'.-'.!!f lrom a '1131 ety d scurces and 1s subif'd to chang e withou: notice King County makes no re oreseruatk:lns or wa rra rltit!S upress c, in"l:llied. as to i i:=:v r.a:y, ,;¢rrpcten(.'S~. hrrtflline,.,; Of ngh!s t:> the 11se cl s.ch inloimarion. '<.og Col,/rt.y !ha H nol be lia'=ile l o, a ny gen era , special. indrect. i'1ddvnta.l Of COMequer.t~I dam3ges inck1::l1 ·,9 , but not ,m tt1d to, IMt rev en ues or lost ~rofos resulti ·<J !•em th~ use or mi&use cf thA intcrm.liion cc>n.o.t ~e d oii this m.ip ,\ny sale oi this map °" The maps in the King County Cornpretiensive Plan and ,ts technical appendiees are prOduced wirn a compute r geographiC inlcrm.l:ion on ths n-..ip 1s proh ibi1ed e xc e i:-: by w11t1e r permaS~on c l informatkx, system. They are reduced in size b l jr a.va.J!able at a larger sr.alc . Ki ng Cou nty ; Ji'/\ I / i \ / ~ '·, ___ .) j!,_.,_,.,}t / ~-,.-·· ( \ ) i \ i \.. ' ( \. c..--~-~-~-,Jj ( i I /I.I> I . N \ I ·.\ ~ ,,,....-. ,i l ---·,) ( ,...1 /.,., ,/·-·-' \"' / / r·..J·r·../ /._.I / ( 1.,--) Land Use 2004 -Unincorp o ra ted Activity Center Agriculture -Community Business -Commercial Outside o f Centers -F orest -Greenbel t/Urban Separator Indust rial M in ing RIii Neighborhood Bus ine ss Center Rural Neigh borhood Rura l Residential -RuralTown Rural City Urb an Growth Area -Urban Res id en ti al> 12 du/ac· Urban Residential 1 du/ac· Urban Residential 4 -12 d u/ac· -Urban Plan Developmen t Kin g County Owned Open Space/Re creation Oth er ParksNJilderness Incorp orated City L __ J Tri bal Lan ds ~ Urban G rowth Area Boundary ~ ·"·-·~ ,,., ·-· Forest P roduction District Boundary Agricultural Prod uc t ion D istrict Boundary * du -d welling unit, ac = acre Source : King County Depanment of Devefopm enl and Environmenlal Service s @, King County 0 2 .5 5 --------------- N 10 ·+· - M il e s October 2004 Chapter Two Urban Communities Chapter Two Urban Communities The Urban Communities chapter brings together the major elements that combine to make a community whole: housing, business centers, economic development and human services. By merging these elements into one chapter, King County emphasizes the importance each plays as part of a livable community. The chapter first defines the Urban Growth Area, where most growth will occur, and major land uses within it. The chapter than provides the framework to guide the development of new urban communities and redevelopment of existing communities within the unincorporated portion of the Urban Growth Area. 2-1 September 2004 I. Urban land Use A. Urban Communities The challenge for King County and its residents is to create urban communities which provide the places and choices for people and how they want to live, as well as respond to the cultural and economic diversity of our communities. Urban areas need more than physical infrastructure. They also need a broad range of amenities and human services that make them attractive and safe places to work and live, while protecting our physical environment and maintaining the quality of life we all value. U-101 Development within the Urban Growth Area should create and maintain safe, healthy and diverse communities. These communities should contain a range of affordable housing and employment opportunities, school and recreational facilities and should be designed to protect the natural environment and significant cultural resources. 1. The Urban Growth Area The Growth Management Act requires the county to designate an Urban Growth Area where most growth and development forecasted for King County will be accommodated. By designating an Urban Growth Area, King County and other counties in the state will: • Limit sprawling development; • Reduce costs by encouraging concentrated development; • Improve the efficiency of human services, utilities and transportation; • Protect rural areas and resource lands; and • Enhance open space. The Urban Growth Area (UGA) for King County is designated on the official Land Use Map adopted with this plan. The Countywide Planning Policies (CPP) provide the framework which the Metropolitan King County Council used when adopting the UGA as part of the 1994 Comprehensive Plan. The UGA includes all cities within the county including the cities in the Rural Area, the cities' annexation areas, and land within the unincorporated part of the county characterized by urban-type growth. The UGA also includes the Bear Creek Urban Planned Developments east of Redmond. See Chapter 3, Rural Legacy and Natural Resource Lands, for additional policy guidance on growth within the rural cities annexation areas. King County's total UGA covers 460 square miles, less than one-quarter of the county's total area of 2,134 square miles. Cities comprise most of the land mass of the UGA, at 383 square miles; the unincorporated portion of the UGA is now about 77 square miles, according to the 2003 King County Annual Growth Report. U-102 The Urban Growth Area designations shown on the official Land Use Map includes enough land to provide the capacity to accommodate growth expected over the period 2001-2022. These lands should include only those lands that meet the following criteria. a. Are characterized by urban development which can be efficiently and cost effectively served by roads, water, sanitary sewer and storm drainage, schools and other urban governmental services within the next 20 years; September 2004 2-2 U-103 b. Do not extend beyond natural boundaries, such as watersheds, which impede provision of urban services; c. Respect topographical features which form a natural edge such as rivers and ridge lines; d. Are sufficiently free of environmental constraints to be able to support urban growth without major environmental impacts unless such areas are designated as an urban separator by interlocal agreement between jurisdictions; e. Are included within the Bear Creek Urban Planned Development (UPD) sites; and f. Are not rural land or unincorporated agricultural or forestry lands designated through the Countywide Planning Policies Plan process. Parcels which are split by the Urban Growth Area boundary line should be redesignated to either all urban or all rural unless the parcel is split to recognize environmentally sensitive features, or the requirements of interlocal agreements or King County plans. Some cities that border the Urban Growth Area operate parks in the Rural Area. These parks may have been acquired by the city through a direct purchase or through a transfer agreement with King County. Cities can continue to operate parks in the Rural Area consistent with rural development standards. In specific circumstances, cities can request that these parks be redesignated to urban to allow future annexation by the city. U-104 Rural properties that are immediately adjacent to a city and are planned or designated for park purposes by that city may be redesignated to urban when the city has committed to designate the property in perpetuity in a form satisfactory to the King County Council for park purposes and: a. The property is no more than 30 acres in size and was acquired by the city prior to 1994; or b. The property is no more than 30 acres in size and receives county support through a park or recreation facility transfer agreement between King County and a city; or c. The property is or was formerly a King County park and is being or has been transferred to a city. U-105 Except for the Blakely Ridge and Redmond Ridge Fully Contained Communities designations, no new Fully Contained Communities shall be approved in King County. 2. Growth in Cities and Urban Centers and the Promotion of Public Health The King County Comprehensive Plan directly affects land use planning decisions only in unincorporated King County. The cities, however, contain most of the county's economic base and much of its urban population and provide urban services to adjacent unincorporated areas. In addition, many public services vital to urban growth are provided to unincorporated areas by independent special purpose districts. The Countywide Planning Policies guide the development of urban centers, which are located in cities and should accommodate concentrations of housing and employment. The significant role of the cities and districts therefore must be recognized in county decision-making and through future planning efforts. Focusing development in urban areas can have a positive effect on public health. The percentage of King County residents who are overweight or obese has risen rapidly since the late 1980s. With obesity comes increased risk for diabetes, hypertension and heart disease. Evidence suggests one major reason for rising obesity is the lack of physical activity. Growth patterns in suburban areas, which discourage walking and promote a reliance on private auto use, have contributed to this public health problem. 2-3 September 2004 Communities that feature many land uses, higher housing density, sidewalks and street connections and nearby services encourage physical activity such as walking and bicycling. U-106 Most population and employment growth should locate in the contiguous Urban Growth Area in western King County, especially in cities and their Potential Annexation Areas. U-107 King County supports land use and zoning actions that promote public health by increasing opportunities for every resident to be more physically active. Land use and zoning actions include: concentrating growth into the Urban Area, promoting urban centers, allowing mixed-use developments, and adding pedestrian linkages. U-108 King County supports the development of Urban Centers to meet the region's needs for housing, jobs, services, culture and recreation and to promote health. Strategies may include exploring opportunities for Joint Development or Transit Oriented Development, siting civic uses in mixed-use areas, and leveraging or utilizing existing county assets in urban centers. U-109 King County should concentrate facilities and services within the Urban Growth Area to make it a desirable place to live and work, to increase the opportunities for walking and biking within the community, to more efficiently use existing infrastructure capacity and to reduce the long-term costs of infrastructure maintenance. U-11 o King County shall work with cities, especially those designated as urban centers, in collaborative efforts that result in transfers of density from the Rural Area. U-111 Development standards for urban areas should emphasize ways to allow maximum permitted densities and uses of urban land while not compromising the function of critical environmental areas. Mitigating measures should serve multiple purposes, such as drainage control, groundwater recharge, stream protection, air quality, open space preservation, cultural and historic resource protection and landscaping preservation. When technically feasible, standards should be simple and measurable, so they can be implemented without lengthy review processes. 3. Urban Growth Area Targets The Countywide Planning Policies (CPPs) require the county and its cities to plan for future household and employment growth target ranges for each jurisdiction. In 1994, the Growth Management Planning Council adopted household and job targets for each jurisdiction to distribute the expected grow1h. Growth target ranges represent jurisdictions' policy choices regarding the amount of growth they intend to accommodate. King County and its cities have also developed targets for employment to foster a local balance between population and employment. The countywide and unincorporated King County's household growth target and employment targets are contained in the CPPs. In November 2002, a new set of household and job growth targets were established to guide growth for the period 2001-2022. Each urban jurisdiction including unincorporated King County was assigned a growth target based on land capacity and other factors. The complete table of city growth targets, "Adopted 22-Year Household Growth Targets," is included in this chapter to provide the regional context for the unincorporated area targets. U-112 Land use policies and regulations shall accommodate a growth target of approximately 13,400 households and approximately 7,900 jobs by 2022, established in the Countywide Planning Policies for the unincorporated portion of the Urban Growth Area. September 2004 2-4 U-113 U-114 King County shall provide adequate land capacity for residential, commercial and industrial growth in the urban unincorporated area. This land capacity shall include both redevelopment opportunities as well as opportunities for development on vacant lands. King County shall use household and employment targets to implement the comprehensive plan in urban communities. The targets allocated to subareas of unincorporated King County will be monitored and may be refined through future planning that includes communities, affected cities and service providers. The following table, "Household Growth Targets by Sub-region" establishes a breakdown by subarea of the new unincorporated King County household targets for the Urban Growth Area. The targets in this table reflect annexations and incorporations that have occurred since the adoption of this plan in 1994. The table further provides guidance for transfer of portions of growth targets into cities when annexation takes place in the future. Although they may be relined through future planning with affected communities and adjacent cities, these ranges are intended to be used as a guide for future planning of land uses and decisions on services and infrastructure. 2·5 September 2004 HOUSEHOLD GROWTH TARGETS BY SUB-REGION Unincorporated King County, 2001-2022 Adopted Household Growth Target 2001-2022 Unincorporated King County Sub-Region Total In designated Outside Cities' Sub-Region Potential PAAs Targets Totals Annexation Areas East King County 6,801 2,702 4,099 * 40,844 47,645 South King County 4,935 4,343 592 37,420 42,355 Sea-Shore 1,670 0 1,670 54,699 56,369 (North Highline) Rural Cities ** 0 0 0 .. 5,563 5,563 (Expansion area) Urban Area Total 13,406 7,045 6,361 138,526 151,932 Rural Area Total 6,000 ... 0 6,000 King County Total 19,406 138,526 157,932 NOTES: • The 4, 099 target outside East County PAAs consists of the Bear Creek UPD/FCC . •• Rural-city target numbers include their unincorporated expansion areas . ••• Targets apply to Urban areas only. The rural area does not have a growth target. Growth in rural areas is forecast to be 6,000 households or 4% of countywide total growth. Source: Growth Manaaement Plannina Council Motion 02-2, November 2002 September 2004 2-6 -. -·---------- Adopted 22-year Household Growth Targets King County and its Cities, 2001 -2022 Household Growth Target to be accommodated by local jurisdiction plans and regulations l.--Between January 2001 and 2022 --------------, A B C D E ----~--·-----1990 Original 1992-2000 Adopted H'hold PAA H'hold Jurisdiction Households 2012 Households Target 2001-2022 Target Growth Target Algona 587 404 845 298 ----·------AU burn 13,357 8,088 16,108 6,003 815 Beaux Arts 119 0 121 3 Efe11evue •----- 35,756 8,727 45,836 10,117 178 ' '----- Black Diamond 541 1,624 1,456 1,099 ' Bothell 4,807 1,951 6,401 1,751 584 I Burien 12,000 1,796 13,399 1,552 Carnation* I 439 404 636 246 Clyde Hill 1.063 12 1.054 21 Covington 3,400 1,493 4,398 1,373 Des Moines 7,054 2.154 11,337 1,576 2 -Duvall* 946 1,661 1,596 1,037 Enumclaw* 2,936 2,425 4,317 1,927 ! Federal Way --·-·-j· 25,705 15,239 31,437 6,188 1, 161 Hunts Point 187 4 165 1 Issaquah 3,170 3,380 4,840 3,993 802 Kenmore n.a. n.a. 7,307 2,325 Kent 16,246 9,075 31,113 4,284 546 Kirkland 17,211 5.837 20,736 5,480 747 Lake Forest Park 1,488 451 5,029 538 Maple Valley 2,250 1,539 4,809 300 ' Medina 1,129 17 1,111 31 -------'Mercer Island 8,007 1,122 8,437 1,437 Milton 266 29 339 50 33 -------Newcastle 2,000 833 3,028 863 1 Normandy Park 2,570 135 2,609 100 NOrth Bend* 1,044 1,527 1.841 636 -·-----· Pacific 1,707 1,212 1.992 721 39 Redmond 14,153 11.617 19,102 9,083 390 Renton 18,219 8,960 21,708 6,198 1,739 Sammamish n.a. n.a. 11,131 3,842 I ---- Seattle 236,702 53,877 258,499 51,510 SeaTac ' 9,611 5,525 9,708 4,478 0 I --------· ,,_ ~''''' ' ---------- 'Shoreline n.a. 2,559 20,716 2,651 iSkykomish 103 27 104 20 ·-------·--------- Snoqualmie * 611 2,784 632 1,697 Tukwila 5,639 5,388 7,186 3,200 8 -- Woodinville 3.000 1,797 3,512 1,869 Yarrow Point ·19 ~·-379 -------------·· - 371 28 ----- City Total: ' 454,400 163.683 584,974 138,526 7.045 Unincorp. KC: I 123,400 33,501 125,942 19,406 6,361 -urban __ -+ ----------'i3,406 -· ·-·I 123,400 26,501 79,042 6,361 ·-- 6,000 -rural** 38,000 7,000 46,900 n.a. I Urban Area Total: 57i,800r------------·· 151,9:32 -_,, --- 190,184 664,016 n.a. i King County Total 615,800 197,184 710,916 157,932 n.a. NOTES: Column D indicates the approximate number of households each jurisdiction is expected to accommodate during the 22-year period 2001-2022. These growth targets were adopted by the King County Grmvth Management Planning Council in 2002, and amended in 2004. The targets replace the earlier 1992-2012 numbers which are shown as Column 8. Column E shows the unincorporated household targets associated with designated Potential Annexation Areas {PAAs) of selected cities. * Targets of five rural cities include surrounding growth areas. ** Rural-designated ?~~as do no_t ha_~? __ ~t~_rget. The"!"_ are exe_ected to grow b~ no more than 6,000 households durina the 22-vear oeriod. 2-7 September 2004 B. Residential Land Use Housing is the major use of urban land in King County, occupying well over half of the county's developed land area. This plan supports the creation of a full range of housing choices for county residents. U-115 New residential development in the Urban Growth Area should occur where facilities and services can be provided at the lowest public cost and in a timely fashion. The Urban Growth Area should have a variety of housing types and prices, including mobile home parks multifamily development, townhouses and small-lot, single- family development. 1. Residential Densities The density of eight homes per acre expressed below is a long-term goal and would be an average density of single-family and multifamily developments. Single-family homes will continue to account for most of the land area used for new development in the county. This plan proposes ways to develop single-family homes more efficiently so that urban land is used more efficiently, homes are affordable, more housing choices are available and densities are adequate to allow for transit services. Housing at higher densities can promote public health by creating urban communities that support public transportation and nearby services and thereby increase opportunities for walking or biking. U-116 King County shall seek to achieve through future planning efforts over the next twenty years, an average zoning density of at least seven to eight homes per acre in the Urban Growth Area through a mix. of densities and housing types. A lower density zone may be used to recognize existing subdivisions with little or no opportunity for infill or redevelopment. U-117 King County should apply the urban residential, low land use designation: to protect floodplains, critical aquifer recharge areas, high function wetlands and unstable slopes from degradation, and link these environmental features into a network of open space, fish and wildlife habitat and urban separators. The residential density for land so designated should be maintained at one unit per acre, provided that lands that are sending sites under the Transfer of Density Program may transfer density at a rate of at least four units per acre. U-118 Multifamily housing in the Urban Growth Area should be sited as follows: a. In or next to unincorporated activity centers or next to community or neighborhood business centers; b. In mixed-use developments in centers and activity areas; and c. On small, scattered parcels integrated into existing urban residential areas. New multifamily housing should be built to the scale and design of the existing community or neighborhood, while contributing to an area-wide density that supports transit and allows for a range of housing choices. Over time, zoning should encourage a larger proportion of multifamily housing to be located on small scattered sites rather than on larger sites. U-119 Land zoned for multifamily uses should be converted to nonresidential zone categories only after new multifamily sites are identified and rezoned to replace the multifamily housing capacity lost due to the conversion. 2. Minimum Density In accordance with Countywide Planning Policy LU-66(b), King County has included a minimum density requirement in its zoning regulations for all new urban residential development with a zoned density of four or more homes per acre. September 2004 2-8 U-120 King County should apply minimum density requirements to all urban residential zones of four or more homes per acre, except under limited circumstances such as the: a. Presence of significant physical constraints, or b. Implementation of standards applied to a property through a property-specific development condition, special district overlay, or subarea plan. 3. Increases of Zoning Density While King County supports higher densities in the urban areas, increased densities that would be incompatible with existing neighborhoods or cause significant impacts on roads, services and the environment are discouraged. The following policies will guide decisions on application of densities and proposed rezones. U-121 U-122 U-123 U-124 U-125 Requests for increases in density of urban residential property zoned for one dwelling unit per acre must include a demonstration that the property does not meet the criteria of Policy U-117. King County shall not approve proposed zoning changes to increase density within the Urban Area unless: a. The development will be compatible with the character and scale of the surrounding neighborhood; b. Urban public facilities and services are adequate, consistent with adopted levels of service and meet GMA concurrency requirements, including King County transportation concurrency standards; c. The proposed density change will not increase unmitigated adverse impacts on environmentally sensitive areas, either on site or in the vicinity of the proposed development; d. The proposed density increase will be consistent with or contribute to achieving the goals and policies of this comprehensive plan, and subarea plan, if applicable; and e. The proposal is consistent with the adopted city comprehensive plan for the Potential Annexation Area where the rezone is located if the proposed density exceeds eight dwelling units per acre. If the city is not planning for urban densities and efficient land use patterns consistent with the Countywide Planning Policies, then this paragraph shall not apply. King County, when evaluating rezone requests for increases in density, shall notify adjacent cities, special purpose districts and local providers of urban utility services and should work with these service providers on issues raised by the proposal. King County supports increases in urban residential density through a rezone or a proposal to increase density through the density transfer or density incentive programs when the proposal will help resolve traffic, sewer, water, parks or open space deficiencies in the immediate neighborhood or will help promote physical activity by providing trail linkages and connections to services. King County shall not support requests for residential density increases on lands located within the outer boundaries of the Noise Remedy Area as identified by Seattle-Tacoma International Airport. Development in the Urban Growth Area at a higher density than normally permitted by zoning will be allowed in exchange or public amenities such as low-income housing, preservation or designated historic features or extra energy conservation measures, or through the transfer of density credits from other parts of the county. 2·9 September 2004 U-126 Density incentives should encourage private developers to provide innovative affordable housing, significant open space, trails and parks; to locate close to transit; to participate in historic preservation; and to include energy conservation measures exceeding state requirements. 4. Mixed-Used Development Mixed-use development combines higher density residential units with retail or office uses in the same building or within an integrated development on the same lot. Quality mixed-use developments can provide convenient shopping and services to both residents of the development and those who live near by. They can help to build a sense of community, as neighboring merchants and residents get to know each other. Mixed use is traditional in older downtowns and commercial areas, where offices and retail typically occupy the first floor and residences are upstairs. Mixed-use developments can promote public health by providing opportunities for people to walk or bicycle to retail and public services. People are more likely to walk to their destination if the distance is less than one-half mile or to bike if the distance is less than two miles. U-127 King County supports mixed-use developments in community and neighborhood business centers, the White Center Unincorporated Activity Center, and in areas designated commercial outside of centers. U-128 Design features of mixed-use developments should include the following: a. Integration of the retail and/or office uses and residential units within the same building or on the same parcel; b. Ground level spaces built to accommodate retail and office uses; c. Off-street parking behind or to the side of the buildings, or enclosed within buildings; and d. Opportunities to have safe, accessible pedestrian connections and bicycle facilities within the development and to adjacent residential developments. U-129 In a mixed-use development where residential and nonresidential uses are proposed in separate structures and the residential uses are proposed to be constructed prior to the nonresidential uses, the initial review of the development should be through a process that ensures an integrated design. U-130 In a mixed-use development, incentives such as increases in residential density or floor area ratio should be used to encourage the inclusion of public gathering spaces in the site design. 5. Urban Residential Neighborhood Design and Infill/Redevelopment King County residents can enjoy their urban neighborhoods both for their unique character and for the amenities they provide. Outdoor spaces need to be usable, attractive, comfortable, and enjoyable. The design of urban streets, including features such as parking strips, street trees, alleys and off-street parking all contribute to the character of urban neighborhoods. Careful site planning can incorporate neighborhood features, contribute to aesthetic value, minimize site disturbance, conserve energy and, in some cases, reduce development costs. Neighborhood shopping, libraries, larger parks, high schools and public golf courses are examples of uses that provide amenities for nearby residents. Small retail establishments integrated into residential development (e.g., a laundromat or video rental store) can provide convenient services and help residents reduce automobile trips. Urban areas that are interesting and safe for pedestrians and bicyclists, and that provide many necessary services close to residential developments, can promote public health by increasing opportunities for physical activity during a normal day's activities. September 2004 2-10 • U-131 U-132 U-133 U-134 U-135 U-136 U-137 King County encourages innovative, quality infill development and redevelopment in existing urban areas. A variety of regulatory, incentive and program strategies could be considered, including: a. Special development standards for infill sites; b. Assembly and resale of sites to providers of affordable housing; c. Impact mitigation fee structures that favor infill developments; d. Greater regulatory flexibility in allowing standards to be met using innovative techniques; and e. Joint public/private loan guarantee pools. Single-family detached homes, townhomes, duplexes and apartments shall be allowed in all urban residential zones, provided that: a. Apartments shall not be allowed in the R-1 zone unless fifty percent or more of the site is environmentally constrained; and b. Apartments in R-1, R-4, R-6 and R-8 shall not be developed at densities in excess of 18 units per acre in the net buildable area. Urban residential neighborhood design should preserve historic and natural characteristics and neighborhood identity, while providing privacy, community space, and safety and mobility for pedestrians and bicyclists. Site planning tools, such as clustering, shall be permitted in order to allow preservation or utilization of unique natural features within a development. New urban residential developments should provide recreation space, community facilities and neighborhood circulation for pedestrians and bicyclists to increase opportunities for physical activity. Residential developments should provide a variety of housing types and lot patterns through lot clustering, flexible setback requirements and mixed attached and detached housing. Nonresidential uses, such as schools, religious facilities, libraries and small-scale retail and personal services should be integrated into urban residential neighborhoods to create viable neighborhoods with reduced dependence on the automobile. These uses should be sited, designed and scaled to be compatible with existing residential character and should provide convenient walking and bicycling connections to neighboring residences. Multifamily residential development is important to King County's housing supply because it uses land and energy efficiently and provides opportunities for affordable rental and ownership housing. Multifamily development is defined as one building that contains two or more separate dwelling units. Multifamily developments can be apartments, duplexes, or townhouses. U-138 Multifamily residential development should provide common and private open space, variation in facades and other building design features which may include varying window treatments, building colors and materials, and light fixtures that will give a residential scale and identity to multifamily development. Generally, larger parcels of buildable vacant land in the Urban Growth Area have been preferred for development. Development of these large parcels, especially for attached units at higher densities. often provoked concerns about compatibility due to their scale and design. As larger vacant lots become increasingly scares, attention will turn more and more towards smaller vacant lots often located within built neighborhoods (i.e., infill) and to redevelopment. Residential development proposals on small lots and redevelopment often can be an unobtrusive and desirable 2-11 September 2004 ns of increasing density within existing neighborhoods. Infill development and redevelopment are necessary to achieve growth management objectives such as maximizing the efficient use of land and increasing the variety of housing choices and prices. U-139 King County should support infill and redevelopment proposals that serve to improve the overall character of existing communities or neighborhoods. 6. Residential Site Improvement Standards and Public Services The following policies govern King County land use regulations and functional plans that contain improvement standards for the review of proposed rezones, residential subdivisions, short subdivisions, multifamily buildings and construction permits. U-140 U-141 Residential developments within the Urban Growth Area, including mobile home parks, shall provide the following improvements: a. Paved streets (and alleys if appropriate), curbs and sidewalks, and internal walkways when appropriate; b. Adequate parking and consideration of access to bus service and passenger facilities; c. Street lighting and street trees; d. Stormwater control; e. Public water supply; f. Public sewers; and g. Landscaping around the perimeter and parking areas of multifamily developments. Common facilities such as recreation space, internal walkways that provide inter- and intra-connectivity, roads, parking, solid waste and recycling areas should be included in multifamily developments. Neighborhood recreation space and parks are important amenities for residents. The higher the density, the more essential such amenities become to a desirable living environment. If the site of a proposed development is large enough, a park site dedication or private park site can be required as a condition of a rezone, subdivision or site plan approval. U-142 Recreation space based on the size of the developments shall be provided on site, except that in limited cases, fee payments for local level park and outdoor recreation needs may be accepted by King County. U-143 Recreation spaces located within a residential development, except those for elderly or other special needs populations, shall include a child's play area. U-144 Recreation spaces located in residential developments in the Urban Area should include amenities such as play equipment, open grassy areas, barbecues, benches, trails and picnic tables. C. Commercial Land Use The Countywide Planning Policies call for a significant share of new jobs and housing to occur within cities and in urban centers, which are areas of concentrated employment and housing. The designated urban centers are to accommodate 15,000 jobs within a one-half-mile radius of a major transit stop, an average employment density of 50 jobs per gross acre and an average of 15 housing units per gross acre. All of the urban centers are in cities. In addition to the urban centers, cities and unincorporated urban King County have existing intensive industrial, commercial and residential areas that will continue to grow and provide employment, services, September 2004 2-12 shopping and housing opportunities, but not at the same level as urban centers. Three categories of centers are established for urban unincorporated areas of King County. Higher density, more- concentrated developed industrial and commercial areas are classified as unincorporated activity centers. Midrange centers are called community business centers and smaller, local centers are called neighborhood business centers. The locations of these centers are shown on the Urban Centers map at the end of this chapter. This plan also recognizes existing commercial and industrial development that is outside of unincorporated activity centers, community business centers and neighborhood business centers. U-145 U-146 Business/office park developments should be located in or adjacent to an unincorporated activity center. They may serve as a transition between office/retail areas and residential areas. They should be designed to take advantage of on-site or nearby structured parking and/or bus service and passenger facilities should be compatible with the objective of higher employment densities. New commercial and office development shall locate in designated unincorporated activity centers, community and neighborhood business centers, and in areas designated commercial outside of centers. Warehouse-style retail businesses, large retail complexes, stadiums, large churches and colleges are examples of land uses that serve as destinations from throughout the region. Such uses require a full range of urban services including transit, substantial parking, and access to arterials and freeways, and therefore should locate in the urban area where these services are available. In addition, these land uses have traffic and impervious surface impacts that are inappropriate for the Rural Area. U-147 New facilities and businesses that draw from throughout the region, such as large retail uses, large public assembly facilities and institution of higher education should locate in the Urban Area. 1. Unincorporated Activity Centers Unincorporated activity centers are the primary locations for commercial and industrial development in urban unincorporated King County. Currently, White Center is the only designated unincorporated activity center, as other such centers are now parts of cities. The White Center Community Action Plan establishes the size and mix of uses allowed in the White Center Unincorporated Activity Center. U-148 U-149 U-150 Unincorporated activity centers in urban areas should provide employment, housing, shopping, services and leisure-time amenities to meet the needs of the regional economy. The mix of uses may include: a. Health, human service and public safety facilities; b. Retail stores and services; c. Professional offices; d. Business/office parks; e. Multifamily housing and mixed-use developments; f. Heavy commercial and industrial uses, when there is direct freeway or rail access; g. Light manufacturing; and h. Parks and open space. Within unincorporated activity centers, the following zoning is appropriate: Urban Residential with a density of twelve to forty-eight dwelling units per acre; Regional Business; Community Business; Neighborhood Business; Office and Industrial. King County may designate new unincorporated activity centers or expand existing unincorporated activity centers only through a subarea planning process which : · should address: 2-13 September 2004 U-151 U-152 U-153 U-154 U-155 a. The relationship of the entire center to its surrounding uses; b. Availability of supporting public services; c. The function of the center to other centers in the sub-region; d. The need for additional commercial and industrial development; e. The size and boundaries of the center; and f. Zoning. The size, uses and boundaries of unincorporated activity centers should be consistent with the following criteria: a. More than forty acres in size, excluding land needed for surface water management or protection of environmentally sensitive areas; b. Retail space based on the amount of residential development planned for the surrounding area to provide for community and regional shopping needs; and c. Retail space should not exceed sixty acres and 600,000 square feet unless it is served by direct freeway access by a principal or minor arterial and is well served by transit. Design features of unincorporated activity centers should include the following: a. Safe and attractive walkways and bicycle lanes with access to each major destination including schools, community centers and commercial areas; b. Buildings close to sidewalks to promote walking and access to transit; c. Compact design with close grouping of compatible uses; d. Off-street parking in multistory structures located to the side or rear of buildings or underground; e. Public art; f. Public spaces, such as plazas and building atriums; g. Retention of attractive natural features, historic buildings and established character; h. Aesthetic design and compatibility with adjacent uses through setbacks, building orientation, landscaping and traffic control; i. Screening of unsightly views, such as heavy machinery, outdoor storage areas, loading docks and parking areas from the view of adjacent uses and from arterials; and j. Signs should be regulated to reduce glare and other adverse visual impacts on nearby residences, without limiting their potential contribution to the color and character of the center. Development within the designated White Center Unincorporated Activity Center, as shown on the Comprehensive Plan Land Use Map, shall be in accordance with the White Center Community Action Plan. The White Center Community Action Plan establishes the following zoning as appropriate within the White Center Unincorporated Activity Center: Urban Residential with a density of twelve to forty-eight dwelling units per acre, Neighborhood Business, Community Business, Office and Industrial. In the White Center Unincorporated Activity Center, existing Industrial uses should be zoned and regulated to preserve their use into the future. Conversion of industrial properties to other uses shall be strictly limited. White Center was selected as one of three case study areas for further study as part of the King County Land Use Transportation Air Quality and Health project. Information from the study will show which types of changes in the urban form of the area or in the transportation system will lead to an increase in public health. These results should be used to guide development in the White Center area and to prioritize capital expenditures. Additionally, the redevelopment of Park Lake Homes was selected as a demonstration project for low-impact development in the county. Septernbe r 2004 2·14 U-156 In the White Center Unincorporated Activity Center, new major residential developments should include low-impact design features and should promote public health by increasing opportunities for physical activity in daily life. The development should include: safe walkways and bicycle lanes with access to commercial areas, schools, and community facilities; trails; and pocket parks. 2. Community Business Centers Community business centers are primarily retail developments designed to serve a nearby market area of 15,000 to 40,000 people. Community business centers should be sited so they do not adversely affect other centers and are easily accessible by automobile or public transportation. Community business centers should be designed to be compatible with adjacent residential uses, and should promote pedestrian and bicycle access. U-157 U-158 U-159 U-160 U-161 Community business centers in the urban areas should provide primarily shopping and personal services for nearby residents. Offices and multifamily housing are also encouraged. Industrial and heavy commercial uses should be excluded. Community business centers should include the following mix of uses: a. Retail stores and services; b. Professional offices; c. Community and human services; and d. Multifamily housing as part of a mixed-use development, with residential densities of 12 to 48 units per acre when well served by transit. Designated community business centers are shown on the Comprehensive Plan Land Use Map. Expansion of existing or designation of new community business centers shall be permitted only through a subarea planning process. Redevelopment of existing community business centers is encouraged. Within community business centers, the following zoning is appropriate: Neighborhood Business, Community Business and Office. The specific size and boundaries of community business centers should be consistent with the criteria listed below. a. More than ten acres and up to 40 acres in size, excluding land needed for surface water management or protection of environmentally sensitive areas; b. Designed to provide shopping and services for a market population of 15,000 to 40,000 people; c. Located one to three miles from an unincorporated activity center or from another community business center. May be located less than two miles from a neighborhood business center when it is demonstrated the neighborhood business center will not be adversely affected; and d. Must be located at the intersection of two principal or minor arterials. Design features of community business centers should include the following: a. Safe and attractive walkways and bicycle lanes; b. Close grouping of stores; c. Off-street parking behind or to the side of buildings, or enclosed within buildings; d. Public art; and e. Retention of attractive natural features, historic buildings and established character. 2-15 September 2004 3. Neighborhood Business Centers Neighborhood business centers are shopping areas offering convenience goods and services to local residents. Neighborhood business centers are intended to be small and compatible with adjacent residential areas and often are used on the way to another destination (for example, a fuel stop before or after commuting). Sometimes they consist of only one use or business. Neighborhood business centers should be designed to promote pedestrian and bicycle access. U-162 Neighborhood business centers in urban areas should include primarily retail stores and offices designed to provide convenient shopping and other services for nearby residents. Industrial and heavy commercial uses should be excluded. Neighborhood business centers should include the following mix of uses: a. Retail stores and services; b. Professional offices; and c. Multifamily housing as part of a mixed-use development with residential densities up to 12 units per acre when convenient to a minor arterial. Higher densities of 12 to 18 units per acre are appropriate when the cen'ter is convenient to a principal arterial. U-163 Designated neighborhood business centers are shown on the Comprehensive Plan Land Use Map. Expansion of existing or the designation of new neighborhood business centers shall only be permitted through a subarea planning process. Redevelopment of existing Neighborhood neighborhood business centers is encouraged. U-164 Within neighborhood business centers, the following zoning is appropriate: Neighborhood Business and Office. U-165 The specific size and boundaries of neighborhood business centers should be consistent with the criteria listed below. a. Ten acres or less in size, excluding land needed for surface water management or protection of environmentally sensitive features; b. Designed to provide convenience shopping for a market population of 8,000 to 15,000 people; c. Located on a minor arterial with adequate traffic capacity; d. Serviced by intersections free of traffic congestion caused by topography or poor road design; and e. Located one to three miles from another neighborhood business center. U-166 Design features of neighborhood business centers should include the following: a. Safe and attractive walkways and bicycle lanes; b. Close grouping of stores; c. Off-street parking behind or to the side of buildings, or enclosed within buildings; d. Public art; e. Retention of attractive natural features, historic buildings or established character; f. Landscaping, which may include planters and street trees; g. Appropriate signage; h. Public seating areas; and i. Architectural features which provide variation between buildings or contiguous storefronts. September 2004 2-16 4. Commercial Development Outside of Centers The Commercial Outside of center (CO) Land Use designation recognizes commercial uses predating this plan that were located outside a designated center. The CO designation is also appropriate as a transitional designation within certain potential annexation areas. In these areas, the county will utilize the memorandum of understanding and applicable comprehensive plan policies to determine the appropriate zoning to implement this transitional designation. U-167 Stand-alone commercial developments legally established outside designated centers in the Urban Growth Area may be recognized with the CO designation and appropriate commercial zoning. When more detailed subarea plans are prepared, these developments may be designated as centers and allowed to grow if appropriate, or may be encouraged to redevelop consistent with the residential density and design policies of the comprehensive plan. U-168 The CO designation may be applied as a transitional designation in Potential Annexation Areas identified in a signed memorandum of understanding between a city and the county for areas with a mix of urban uses and zoning in order to facilitate the joint planning effort directed by the memorandum of understanding. Zoning to implement this transitional designation should recognize the mix of existing and planned uses. No zone changes to these properties to allow other nonresidential uses, or zone changes to allow expansion of existing nonresidential uses onto other properties, should occur unless or until a subarea planning process with the city is completed. 5. Commercial Site Improvement Standards and Public Services The following policy governs King County land use regulations and functional plans that contain improvement standards for the review of proposed rezones and commercial construction permits. U-169 Commercial, retail and industrial developments should foster community, create enjoyable outdoor areas and balance needs of automobile movement with pedestrian and bicycle mobility and comfort. Commercial and industrial developments shall provide the following improvements: a. Paved streets; b. Sidewalks and bicycle lanes in commercial and retail areas; c. Adequate parking for employees and business users; d. Landscaping along or within streets, sidewalks and parking areas to provide an attractive appearance; e. Adequate stormwater control, including curbs, gutters and stormwater retention facilities; f. Public water supply; g. Public sewers; and h. Controlled traffic access to arterials and intersections. 6. Industrial Development Maintaining a strong industrial land supply is an important factor in maintaining the county's economic base and providing family wage jobs. The following policies assure that industrial development is compatible with adjacent land uses while providing appropriate services for employees. In addition, King County is committed to helping return contaminated sites to productive use. U-170 Within the UGA but outside unincorporated activity centers, properties with existing industrial uses shall be protected. The county 1J1ay use tools such as special district overlays to identify them for property owners and residents of surrounding neighborhoods. 2·17 September 2004 U-171 Industrial development should have direct access from arterials or freeways. Access points should be combined and limited in number to allow smooth traffic flow on arterials. Access through residential areas should be avoided. U-172 Small amounts of retail and service uses in industrial areas may be allowed for convenience to employees and users. U-173 King County, in collaboration with cities and the development community, should create and fund a process to clean up and reclaim polluted industrial areas in order to expand the land available for industrial development. D. Urban Planned Developments (UPDs) and Fully Contained Communities (FCCs) Within the designated UGA, development of large land ownerships may offer the public and the property owner opportunities to realize mutual benefits when such development is coordinated through the review process as an Urban Planned Development (UPD). Possible public benefits include greater preservation of public open space, proponent contributions to major capital improvement needs, diversity in housing types and affordability, and the establishment of the specific range and intensity of uses for the entire U_rban Planned Development. A property owner and the public could benefit from the efficiency of combined hearings and land use decision making, as well as the establishment of comprehensive and consistently applied project-wide mitigations guiding the review of subsequent land use approvals. U-174 U-175 Sites for potential Urban Planned Developments (UPDs) may be designated within the established Urban Growth Area to realize mutual benefits for the public and the property owner. Two UPD areas have been designated by the county: the Bear Creek UPD area, comprised of Redmond Ridge (formerly known as Northridge) UPD, Trilogy at Redmond Ridge (formerly known as Blakely Ridge) UPD, and the proposed Redmond Ridge East UPD; and Cougar Mountain Village UPD. Future UPD sites in the Urban Growth Area shall be designated through a subarea planning process, or through a comprehensive plan amendment initiated by the property owner. The creation of Urban Planned Developments (UPDs) is intended to serve as a model for achieving a mix of uses, appropriate development patterns, and high quality design as well as providing for public benefits which shall include: a. Open space and critical areas protection; b. Diversity in housing types and affordability; c. Quality site design; and d. Transit and nonmotorized transportation opportunities. The Bear Creek UPD area was first designated for urban development in 1989 in the Bear Creek Community Plan. The urban designation of this area under the GMA was established in the Countywide Planning Policies in 1992 and affirmed in 1994. The Bear Creek UPD area was included in the Urban Growth Area designated in the 1994 King County Comprehensive Plan. Since the adoption of the 1994 Comprehensive Plan, both Redmond Ridge and Trilogy have been approved as Urban Planned Developments and King County has entered into development agreements governing the development of these sites. The legality of these development approvals was challenged and these legal challenges have been rejected. Therefore, these sites will be, and are being, developed at urban densities. Through the adoption of the King County Comprehensive Plan 2000 Update, King County reaffirmed its urban designation of the Bear Creek UPD area. In addition to the reasons that led the county (and the region) to originally include this area within the county's UGA, when the county adopted the 2000 update, it noted that: two sites within this area had been approved for urban development after the adoption of the original GMA comprehensive plan; significant infrastructure improvements had been made at these September 2004 2-18 sites: and the ultimate development of these sites was proceeding in accordance with issued permit approvals. The existence of these urban improvements further supported a conclusion that this area is characterized by urban growth within the meaning of the GMA and was therefore appropriately included within the county's UGA. Since the county considered and adopted the 2000 update, significant development within the Bear Creek UPD area has taken place. The UPD permits approved by the county required the construction of infrastructure needed to support urban development of the Bear Creek UPD area. Those infrastructure improvements have now been completed or are under construction. This includes sanitary sewer trunk lines and pump stations; water trunk lines, pump stations, and storage facilities; stormwater collection, detention, treatment and discharge facilities; other utilities; a park and open space system linked by trails; and required road improvements. In addition, King County has granted final plat approval for lots for more than 2,100 of the dwelling units approved by the Redmond Ridge and Trilogy U PD permits and more than 1,600 of those dwelling units have been built, are under construction, or have been permitted. Furthermore, major community facilities and services such as the 18-hole golf course and clubhouse, the Redmond Ridge Community Center, and the retail center and grocery store have been completed or are under construction. All of these developments support the conclusion that the Redmond Ridge and Trilogy UPD sites are now fully characterized by and irrevocably committed to urban growth, and the county therefore reaffirms its urban designation of the Bear Creek UPD area. The urban designation of the Bear Creek area includes one portion of the original urban area that has not yet been approved for development. However, this area, now referred to as Redmond Ridge East, is the subject of pending applications for approval of a UPD permit and an FCC permit. Those permits would authorize the urban development of Redmond Ridge East. Redmond Ridge East would be served by the urban infrastructure that has already been constructed to serve the Redmond Ridge and Trilogy UPD sites. The county reaffirms its urban designation of the Redmond Ridge East for the following reasons: this site has always been treated by King County as part of the Bear Creek UPD urban area; this site is adjacent to the urban development that has already occurred and that will continue to occur at Trilogy and Redmond Ridge; this site is located in relationship to the rest of the Bear Creek UPD area so as to be appropriate for urban growth; and this site is an area that will be served by existing urban public facilities and services that have been provided in accordance with Trilogy and Redmond Ridge UPD permit requirements. The Growth Management Act allows counties to establish a process, as part of the UGA designation, for reviewing proposals to authorize new Fully Contained Communities (FCC). Criteria for approval of FCCs are contained in RCW 36.?0A.350. If a county establishes in its comprehensive plan a process for authorizing FCCs, it must adopt procedures for approving FCCs in its development regulations. King County has established a new fully contained community, consisting of the Bear Creek UPD area. U-176 U-177 U-178 King County has established a new Fully Contained Community. One area is designated through this plan shown on the Land Use Map as a Fully Contained Community: the Bear Creek UPD area comprised of Trilogy at Redmond Ridge, Redmond Ridge, and Redmond Ridge East Urban Planned Development sites. Nothing in these policies shall affect the continued validity of the approved Urban Planned Development permits for either of these sites. This FCC designation may be implemented by separate or coordinated FCC permits. The population, household, and employment growth targets and allocations for the county's UGA in this plan include the Bear Creek UPD area. Accordingly, the requirements in RCW 36.?0A.350(2) that the county reserve a portion of the 20-year population projection for allocation to new Fully Contained Communities has been satisfied. The review and approval process for a Fully Contained Community (FCC) permit shall be the same as that for an Urban Planned Development (UPD) permit, except the following additional criteria shall be met, pursuant to the provisions of RCW 2-19 September 2004 September 2004 36.70A.350: a. New infrastructure (including transportation and utilities infrastructure) is provided for and impact fees are established and imposed on the FCC consistent with the requirements of RCW 82.02.050; b. Transit-oriented site planning and traffic demand management programs are implemented in the FCC. Pedestrian, bicycle, and high occupancy vehicle facilities are given high priority in design and management of the FCC; c. Buffers are provided between the FCC and adjacent non-FCC areas. Perimeter buffers located within the perimeter boundaries of the FCC delineated boundaries, consisting of either landscaped areas with native vegetation or natural areas, shall be provided and maintained to reduce impacts on adjacent lands; d. A mix of uses is provided to offer jobs, housing, and services to the residents of the new FCC. No particular percentage formula for the mix of uses should be required. Instead, the mix of uses for a FCC should be evaluated on a case-by- case basis, in light of the geography, market demand area, demographics, transportation patterns, and other relevant factors affecting the proposed FCC. Service uses in the FCC may also serve residents outside the FCC, where appropriate; e. Affordable housing is provided within the new FCC for a broad range of income levels, including housing affordable by households with income levels below and near the medium income for King County. f. Environmental protection has been addressed and provided for in the new FCC, at levels at least equivalent to those imposed by adopted King County environmental regulations; g. Development regulations are established to ensure urban grown will not occur in adjacent nonurban areas. Such regulations shall include but are not limited to rural zoning of adjacent rural areas, FCC permit conditions requiring sizing of FCC water and sewer systems so as to ensure urban growth will not occur in adjacent nonurban areas; and/or FCC permit conditions prohibiting connection by property owners in the adjacent Rural Area (except public school sites) to the FCC sewer and water mains or lines; h. Provision is made to mitigate impacts of the FCC on designated agricultural lands, forest lands, and mineral resource lands; and i. The plan for the new FCC is consistent with the development regulations established for the protection of critical areas by King County pursuant to RCW 36.70A.170. For purposes of evaluating a FCC permit the following direction is provided: The term "fully contained" is not intended to prohibit all interaction between a FCC and adjacent lands but to limit impacts on adjacent lands and contain them within the development site as much as possible. "Fully contained" should be achieved through the imposition of development conditions that limit impacts on adjacent and nearby lands and do not increase pressures on adjacent lands for urban development. "Fully contained" is not intended to mandate that all utilities and public service needed by an urban population both start and end within the property (since sewer, water, power, and roads, are of such a nature that the origin and/or outfall cannot reasonable both exist within the property boundaries), but that the costs and provisions for those utilities and public services that are generated primarily by the FCC (schools, police, parks, employment, retail needs) be reasonably accommodated within its boundaries and not increase pressure for more urban development on adjacent properties. 2-20 E. Urban Separators and the Four-to-One Program The Countywide Planning Policies call for the county and cities to implement urban separators. Different from the Rural Area and Natural Resource Lands, these are low-density areas within the Urban Growth Area that create open space corridors, provide a visual contrast to continuous development and reinforce the unique identities of communities. Urban separators can play a significant role in preserving environmentally sensitive areas and in providing habitat for fish and wildlife. They also provide recreational benefits, such as parks and trails, and meet the Growth Management Act's requirement for greenbelts and open space in the Urban Growth Area. Urban Separators are mapped on the Land Use 2004 map in Chapter 1. U-179 U-180 U-181 Urban separators are corridors of land that define community or municipal identities and boundaries, provide visual breaks in the urban landscape, and link parks and open space within and outside the Urban Growth Area. These urban corridors should include and link parks and other lands that contain significant environmentally sensitive features, provide wildlife habitat or critical resource protection, contain defining physical features, or contain historic resources. The residential density for land so designated should be maintained at one unit per acre, provided that lands that are sending sites under the Transfer of Density Program my transfer density at a rate of at least four units per acre. King County should actively pursue designating urban separators in the unincorporated area and work with the cities to establish permanent urban separators within the unincorporated area that link with and enhance King County's urban separator corridors. Designated urban separators should be preserved through park, trail and open space acquisitions, incentive programs such as the Transfer of Development Credit program, the Public Benefit Rating System program and regulatory measures. While urban separators complement the regional open space system by helping to define urban communities, the King County Four-to-One Program provides an opportunity to add land to the regional open space system through the dedication of permanent open space. The purpose of the program is to create a contiguous band of open space, running north and south along the main Urban Growth Area Boundary. Changes to the UGA through this program are processed as Land Use Amendments to the King County Comprehensive Plan, subject to the provisions in K.C.C. chapter 20.18. U-182 U-183 U-184 King County shall actively pursue dedication of open space north and south along the Urban Growth Area line through the Four-to-One Program. Through this program, one acre of Rural Area land may be added to the Urban Growth Area in exchange for a dedication to King County of four acres of permanent open space. King County shall evaluate Four-to-One proposals for both quality of open space and feasibility of urban development. The highest-quality proposals shall be recommended for adoption as amendments to the Urban Growth Area. Lands preserved as open space shall retain their rural area designations and should generally be configured in such a way as to connect with open space on adjacent properties. King County shall use the following criteria for evaluating open space in Four-to-One proposals: a. Quality of fish and wildlife habitat areas; b. Connections to regional open space systems; c. Protection of wetlands, stream corridors, ground water and water bodies; d. Unique natural, biological, cultural, historical, or archeological features; and 2-21 September 2004 e. Size of proposed open space dedication and connection to other open space dedications along the Urban Growth Area line. U-185 King County shall preserve the open space acquired through this program primarily as natural areas, passive recreation sites or resource lands for farming or forestry. King County may allow the following additional uses only if located on a small portion of the open space, provided that these uses are found to be compatible with the site's natural open space values and functions such as those listed in the preceding policy; a. Trails; b. Natural-appearing stormwater facilities; c. Compensatory mitigation of wetland losses on the urban designated portion of the project, consistent with the King County Comprehensive Plan and the Sensitive Area Ordinance; and d. Active recreation uses not to exceed five percent of the total open space area. Support services and facilities for the active recreation uses may locate within the active recreation area only, and shall not exceed five permit of the active recreation area. An active recreation area shall not be used to satisfy the active recreation requirements for the urban designated portion of the project as required by K.C.C. Title 21 A. U-186 Land added to the Urban Growth Area under this policy shall meet the density requirements, shall be physically contiguous to the existing Urban Growth Area and shall be able to be served by sewers and other efficient urban services and facilities. In some cases, lands must meet affordable housing requirements under this program. The total area added to the Urban Growth Area as a result of this policy shall not exceed 4,000 acres. U-187 King County shall amend the Urban Growth Area to add rural lands to the UGA consistent with Policy U-182 during the annual comprehensive plan amendment process. Open space dedication shall occur at final formal plat recording. If the applicant decides not to pursue urban development or fails to record the final plat prior to expiration of preliminary plat approval, the urban properties shall be restored to a rural designation during the next annual review of the King County Comprehensive Plan. September 2004 2·22 II. Po.tential Annexation Areas There are 216,000 people living in urban unincorporated King County, as reported in the 2003 Annual Growth Report. This population is equivalent to the second largest city in the state. The land base in these areas is primarily residential, with limited amounts of commercial and retail development. Much of the urban unincorporated area is made up of geographically isolated islands surrounded by cities, or adjacent to the urban growth boundary. Because these areas are scattered across the county, the efficient provision of services is difficult. The lack of a substantive tax base exacerbates these difficulties, and the cost of serving these areas reduces the amount of money available for regional services, and for local services in rural areas. Therefore, King County has a strong fiscal interest in seeing the remaining urban unincorporated areas annexed within the next several years. The annexation of urban unincorporated areas is also good public policy. The State Growth Management Act and the regionally adopted Countywide Planning Policies stipulate that counties are the appropriate providers of regional services, and of local services to the rural area. For their part, cities are the appropriate providers of local urban services to all areas within the designated urban growth boundary. This logical split of government services is in part a reflection of the greater taxing authority afforded to cities by the State Legislature. County taxing authority remains similar to what was historically adopted in the state constitution. Annexation is a means to achieve the desired governmental service and land use vision set forth in regional policy and state law. Although it is the policy of the county to promote annexation, its ability to do so is extremely limited. State laws provide the cities, county residents and property owners with the authority to initiate the annexation process. A successful annexation initiative depends on establishing a collaborative and ongoing dialogue between the three affected interest groups: residents, the county, and the affected city. King County has a long history of engaging in annexation discussions with urban unincorporated area residents, and will continue to do so. The county will also continue to work collaboratively with the cities to plan for orderly and timely governance transitions. The policies in this section are intended to guide the county's decision making on annexation-related issues to ensure the needs of citizens in the urban unincorporated area are considered, and that a smooth transition from county to city government occurs. U-201 In order to meet the Growth Management Act and the regionally adopted Countywide Planning Policies goal of becoming a regional service provider for all county residents and a local service provider in rural areas, King County shall encourage annexation of the remaining urban unincorporated area. The county may also act as a contract service provider where mutually beneficial. U-202 To help create an environment that is supportive of annexations, King County shall work with cities and with Unincorporated Area Councils, neighborhood groups, local business organizations, public service providers and other stakeholders on annexation-related activities. King County will also seek changes at the state level that would facilitate annexation of urban unincorporated areas. U-203 The Interim Potential Annexation Areas Map adopted by the Growth Management Planning Council illustrates city-designated potential annexation areas (PAAs), contested areas (where more than one city claims a PAA), and those few areas that are unclaimed by any city. For contested areas, the county should attempt to help resolve the matter, or to enter into an interlocal agreement with each city for the purpose of bringing the question of annexation before voters. For unclaimed areas, King County should work with adjacent 2-23 September 2004 cities and service providers to develop a mutually agreeable strategy and time frame for annexation. U-204 King County shall support annexation proposals that are consistent with the Countywide Planning Policies and the Washington State Growth Management Act, and when the area proposed for annexation is wholly within the annexing city's officially adopted PAA, and is not part of a contested area. U-205 King County shall not support annexation proposals that would: a. Result in illogical service areas; b. Create unincorporated islands unless the annexation is preceded by an interlocal agreement in which the city agrees to pursue annexation of the remaining island area in a timely manner; c. Focus solely on areas that would provide a distinct economic gain for the annexing city at the exclusion of other proximate areas that should logically be included; d. Move designated Agricultural and/or Forest Production District lands into the Urban Growth Area; or e. Apply zoning to maintain or create permanent, low-density residential areas, unless such areas are part of an urban separator or are environmentally constrained, rendering higher densities inappropriate. U-206 King County shall favor annexation over incorporation as the preferred method of governance transition. King County will not support incorporations when the proposed incorporation area is financially infeasible. U-207 King County shall work with cities to jointly develop preannexation agreements to address the transition of service provision from the county to the annexing cities. The development of such agreements should include a comprehensive public involvement process. Pre-annexation agreements may address a range of considerations, including but not limited to: a. Establishing a financing partnership between the county, city and other service providers to address needed infrastructure; b. Providing reciprocal notification of development proposals in PAAs, and opportunities to identify and/or provide mitigation associated with such development; c. Supporting the city's desire, to the extent possible, to be the designated sewer or water service provider within the PAA, where this can be done without harm to the integrity of existing systems and without significantly increasing rates; d. Assessing the feasibility and/or desirability of reverse contracting in order for the city to provide local services on the county's behalf prior to annexation, as well as the feasibility and/or desirability of the county continuing to provide some local services on a contract basis after annexation; e. Exploring the feasibility of modifying development, concurrency and infrastructure design standards prior to annexation, when a specific and aggressive annexation timeline is being pursued; f. Assessing which county-owned properties and facilities should be transferred to city control, and the conditions under which such transfers should take place; g. Transitioning county employees to city employment where appropriate; h. Ensuring that land use plans for the annexation area are consistent with the Countywide Planning Policies with respect to planning for urban densities and efficient land use patterns; provision of urban services, affordable housing, and transportation; the protection of critical areas; and the long-term protection of urban separators; i. Continuing equivalent protection of cultural resources, and county landmarks and historic resources listed on the King County Historic Resource Inventory; j. Maintaining existing equestrian facilities and establishing equestrian linkages; and k. Establishing a timeline for service transitions and for the annexation. September 2004 2-24 As part of its annexation initiative, King County will explore new options for revenue generation to make the provision of services to urban unincorporated areas financially sustainable. If annexation is not occurring at a pace consistent with the intent of these policies, the county may consider utilizing its land use authority to encourage new development that will generate higher tax revenues. U-208 King County shall consider initiating new subarea planning processes for the urban unincorporated areas to assess the feasibility of allowing additional commercial, industrial and high-density residential development through the application of new zoning. 2-25 September 2004 111 .. Ec1n1mic Deve1oumen1 A. Overview King County's economy is the largest and most significant economy in the Puget Sound Region (King, Kitsap, Pierce, and Snohomish Counties) and in Washington State. In 1998, King County had: • 1,127,000 nonagricultural jobs, or 42.4% of the state's 2,655,000 jobs and 67.9% of the region's 1,660,000 nonagricultural jobs. • A $52.9 billion payroll, or 52.3% of the state's $101 billion payroll and 74.5% of the region's $70.9 billion payroll. • Almost 83,900 business firms (excluding sole proprietorships), which is 36.7% of the state's 228,500 firms and 66% of the region's 127,200 firms. • A population of 1,774,300 or 29.4% of Washington State's 6,041,700 population and 52.8% of the region's 3,362,000 population. The foundation for a vibrant and sustainable economy consists of several factors including a favorable business climate, a trained workforce, public infrastructure, land supply, predictable regulations, advancing technology, affordable housing, and a healthy natural environment. The policies in this chapter are designed to continue King County's long-term commitment to sustainable economic development. They do so by promoting public programs and actions that support a strong stable and diversified economy, one that is compatible with the environment and contributes to a strong and stable tax base. The policies also recognize businesses and the workforce as customers of an economic development system; they support actions and programs that promote the strength and health of both groups. General King County economic development policies include: U-301 King County has a long-term commitment to sustainable economic development. Sustainable economic development shall mean economic development that does not exceed the ability of the natural or built environments to remain healthy while sustaining growth over the long term. U-302 King County policies, programs, and strategies shall recognize the importance of, and place special emphasis on, retaining and expanding home grown firms in basic industries which bring income into the county and increase the standard of living of our residents. U-303 King County policies, programs, and strategies will place special emphasis on training low-income, low-skill residents for job opportunities with livable wages, benefits, and wage-progression and retention strategies. U-304 King County shall work to ensure that maximum economic benefit accrues to local businesses and workers when public funding is included in the construction or operation of large projects. U-305 King County recognizes the environment as a key economic value in the region that must be protected. September 2004 2-26 • King County's role in economic development is implemented at several levels as described in the following policies: U-306 U-307 U-308 At the multicounty level, King County should partner with other counties, regional entities and the state, as appropriate, to devise and implement economic development policies, programs and strategies for the benefit of the region. At the countywide level, King County should partner with other jurisdictions, economic development organizations, the Port of Seattle, and others, as appropriate, to develop and implement policies, programs, and strategies that set the general framework for economic development within the county for the benefit of the county as a whole. Within the unincorporated area, King County should partner with local businesses, unincorporated area councils, and others, as appropriate, to develop and implement policies, programs, and strategies that promote appropriate local economic · development . At all three levels, King County seeks to coordinate and partner with private and public organizations to pursue mutually beneficial outcomes. B. Business Development-Creation, Retention, Expansion, and Recruitment King County's policies, plans, and programs should support a positive and healthy business climate that enables local firms to stay globally competitive, quality-oriented, technologically advanced, and able to pay good wages. Industries and firms that export their products and services outside King County bring income into the county and are considered basic, in economic terms. About 30% of the county's basic jobs come from the export of manufactured goods; 42% come from the export of business services such as banking, insurance, accounting, legal architectural, engineering, research and development, and computer services; and 28% come from exports associated with wholesale trade, transportation, and public utilities. Jobs in basic industry generally pay better than nonbasic jobs and support the nonbasic or secondary part of the county's economy. In general, nearly one-half of the jobs in the county's economy are basic and support the other half such as retail and personal services. Local and national research over the last 20 years has concluded that homegrown, small businesses create the majority of new jobs in a local economy. Additionally, roughly one of every four jobs in the Puget Sound Region is dependent on international trade. There is recognition, however, that the county's impact on the creation of new businesses is impacted by the amount of available industrial and commercial land in unincorporated King County, which has declined from approximately ten percent in 1994 to approximately 5.6 in 2000. U-309 U-310 King County supports programs and strategies to help create, retain, and expand homegrown businesses in basic industries, particularly within the county's manufacturing and industrial areas. King County supports programs and strategies, in partnership with the federal, state, and local governments and the private sector, that provide technical assistance to homegrown businesses including but not limited to: a. Pollution prevention and assessments of contamination to enable manufacturers to remediate contaminated property to continue or expand production; b. Technological, efficiency, and managerial assessments to enable manufacturers to reduce costs and use smaller footprints for existing or expanded production; 2-27 September 2004 U-311 U-312 U-313 U-314 c. Mentoring, financial management training, and other technical assistance to disadvantaged businesses, particularly in the construction industry, to help them become competitive in the private sector; d. Workforce recruitment, training and retention assistance. King County supports programs and strategies for the targeted recruitment of firms that will: a. Support the county's basic industries by providing services that help keep existing firms globally competitive, or b. Export their goods or services and/or have the potential for high levels of growth and wages. King County supports programs and strategies to expand international trade including those that: a. Promote, market, and position the county for increased export, import, and foreign investment opportunities; b. Provide technical assistance, training, and opportunities for local firms wishing to export. King County supports programs and strategies to preserve and plan for an adequate supply of industrial and commercial land including but not limited to: a. In compliance with the State of Washington Buildable Lands legislation -RCW 36.70A.215 -and in cooperation with the cities, inventory and monitor the use of industrial, commercial, and residential lands every 5 years. The first 5-year report is due to the state in 2002; b. In partnership with other jurisdictions and the private sector, advocate for a regional Geographic Information System to track the supply of industrial and commercial land; c. Actively apply for federal, state, and other resources to help defray the costs of assessment, remediation, and redevelopment of private and/or public brownfields. Brownfields are defined as vacant or underdeveloped industrial/commercial sites with real or perceived contamination; d. Sell county-owned surplus industrial and commercial lands for development by the private sector; e. Promote the redevelopment and infill of industrial and commercial areas and explore the feasibility of using incentives to achieve this goal; f. Prevent the encroachment of nonindustrial uses on industrially-zoned land and the rezoning of industrial land to other uses. King County recognizes that adequate infrastructure is essential to support existing economic activity and to attract new industry and development. The county therefore supports programs and strategies to maintain existing infrastructure and construct new facilities (transportation, utilities, schools, information, communications), including an adequate supply of housing, necessary to accommodate current and future economic demand. The county recognizes the importance of traditional economic activities which may occur in conjunction with or as a byproduct of other business activities in the rural area. Such examples could include residents operating farms, ranches, logging operations or other small businesses and who use their equipment to perform excavation services for others. While it is not the intent of the county to develop these areas for commercial purposes, there is recognition that some proportion of landowners may undertake complementary, small-scale commercial activities. The county values and supports these types of economic activities in the rural area and does not wish to artificially limit them. U-315 King County recognizes the importance of traditional economic activities that support a rural lifestyle. While it is not the intent of the county to develop the September 2004 2-28 • unincorporated rural areas for commercial activities, county policy, regulations and programs should support the preservation of traditional rural economic activities and lifestyles. C. Workforce Development -Skilled Workers, Employer Involvement and Economic Opportunities King County should address the ongoing workforce challenges of the Puget Sound region. The robust economy of today and the last several years makes it very difficult for employers to find and retain both skilled and entry-level workers. At the same time, many disadvantaged county residents have difficulties gaining access to quality education, training, and support services needed to prepare them for the world of work. Meeting these challenges successfully will depend on better strategies and working relationships between business, government, labor, advocacy organizations, education and training institutions, and human service providers. Jobs that pay wages sufficient to support families are vital to the quality of life. However, training, education. skill levels, and abilities vary from person to person. As such, it is important for King County to support job opportunities for all residents with entry level jobs being essential to helping low-income, low- skilled individuals enter the workforce, reduce their dependence on public resources, and move up and out of poverty. A family wage is a wage that allows a family to meet its basic needs without resorting to public assistance and provides it some ability to deal with emergencies and plan ahead. This definition is taken from the Northwest Job Gaps Study, produced by the Northwest Policy Center, although the study uses the term livable wage instead of family wage. According to this study, the 1996 family (livable) wage for 11 urban counties was $16.86 an hour or $35,079 a year for a single adult with two children. For context, the 1998 King County average annual wage, excluding software workers, was $35,900. Adding the average annual wage for software workers -$291,000 -increases the 1998 King County average annual wage to $41,300. Adjusting the Northwest Job Gaps Study for inflation and costs specific to King County, the 2000 family wage is $19.30 an hour or $38,740 for a single adult with two children. As defined for this comprehensive plan, an acceptable entry-level wage pays a minimum of $8.00 per hour (to be reviewed annually and adjusted as appropriate), provides benefits, and offers workers wage progression opportunities. While an entry-level wage is a wage that provides workers greater economic incentive than does being on welfare, it is not a family wage. Depending upon household size and income, persons making entry-level wages in King County most likely require public subsidies in the form of childcare, housing, food stamps and/or Medicaid. As skill levels and wages increase, workers become less dependent upon public subsidies as they approach a family-wage level defined above. U-316 U-317 King County supports assuming a leadership role in workforce development as a member of the King County Workforce Development Council, established by the federal Workforce Investment Act of 1998, composed of high-level representatives from business, local government, labor, education and training institutions, advocacy organizations and human service providers. The purpose of the council is to coordinate and improve employment, training, literacy and vocational rehabilitation programs to meet the needs of the workforce system's two customers -employers and workers. King County supports programs and strategies to provide employment and training opportunities including: a. Programs that facilitate employer involvement in hiring low-income and low- skilled workers with limited experience and skills, and provide successful strategies for skills training, job placement and retention for workers; 2-29 September 2004 b. Training for and placement of low-income and low-skilled workers in jobs in growing industries that pay an entry-level wage of at least $8.00 per hour (in year 2000 dollars), provide benefits, and offer workers wage progression opportunities. This hourly figure is to be evaluated during each update of this plan and adjusted to reflect changes in cost-of-living or other similar indices and consideration of market conditions; c. School-to-work programs and effective alternatives for out-of-school youth; and d. Services to enable unemployed, underemployed and dislocated workers to obtain employment at a wage that enables them to be self-sufficient. U-318 King County supports programs and strategies to address the barriers to entry-level wage employment including: a. Access lo transportation by providing transportation information and services to jobseekers and workers; b. Access to childcare by increasing the availability and affordability of quality childcare for low-income families. U-319 King County supports apprenticeship opportunities for disadvantaged populations on county public works projects in order to address the forecasted shortage of construction trades workers and to encourage family-wage job opportunities. U-320 King County supports workforce development programs that are integrated with the county's economic development strategies, such as training and employment as environmental clean-up technicians for low-income residents of brownfields communities. D. Regional Plans, Regional Projects and Public-Private Partnerships King County will consider participation in (1) regional economic development plans and projects that provide benefits to multiple jurisdictions or (2) require a partnership between the public and the private sector to be feasible. For either regional plans and projects or public-private partnerships, the county will base its investment decision upon a full and thorough analysis of the public costs and public benefits of proposed projects. U-321 King County shall partner, where feasible, with jurisdictions and other stakeholders to develop subarea economic development strategies to promote development and redevelopment in areas that can accommodate growth. U-322 King County shall cooperate in efforts to establish and maintain county and regional economic development strategies to provide for orderly, sustainable, and equitable economic growth throughout the Puget Sound Region. U-323 King County should consider participation in the funding of regional economic development projects when the project meets the following guidelines: a. The project should support a firm in basic industry; b. At least 75% of the jobs created by a firm, excluding management positions, should pay a family wage; c. The project is located within (1) an urban center or manufacturing industrial center as designated in the Countywide Planning Policies, (2) other industrial areas, or (3) business/office parks within activity areas which can be supported by and promote transit, pedestrian and bicycle uses; d. The firm or project will generate sufficient new tax revenue to repay the debt the county incurs to support the project. The preferred average coverage ratio over the life of county financing is two dollars of new revenue for every one dollar of incurred debt; September 2004 2-30 U-324 U-325 e. Other jurisdictions benefiting from a project must commit financial support based on a mutually agreeable pro rata funding formula. The funding formula will be established on a project-by-project basis; f. The firm or project must create 1 new, permanent full-time, family-wage job for each $35,000 of aggregate public investment; and g. The firm or project should create all jobs within 3-5 years from project completion. King County shall foster the development and use of public/private partnerships to implement economic development projects and programs. At a minimum, these projects must demonstrate that they: a. Cannot be accomplished solely by either sector; b. Have an experienced and proven private partner(s); c. Do not unduly enrich the private partner(s); d. Provide tangible and measurable public benefits in terms of tax and other revenue, construction and permanent jobs, livable-wages with benefits and a wage-progression strategy, and public amenities; and e. Will use the King County Jobs Initiative, or other entities with similar programs, as their first source of referral for training and employing low-income, low-skill residents in entry-level and semiskilled jobs. Through local subarea planning and coordination with other agencies and organizations, King County should use zoning, incentives or other measures to ensure that an appropriate proportion of the land adjacent or near to major public infrastructure facilities is used to capitalize on the economic benefit of that infrastructure. The surrounding land uses should be buffered or compatible with economic development uses. 2·31 September 2004 IV .. HDUS.iDU A. Housing Choice and Opportunity Throughout King County Adequate choices and opportunities are essential to fully address the spectrum of housing needs for all King County residents. A basic goal of the Washington State Growth Management Act (GMA) is to encourage affordable housing. Likewise, the King County Comprehensive Plan promotes affordable housing for all county residents by supporting adequate funding, zoning, and regional cooperation to create new and diverse housing choices in communities throughout the county. Most housing is financed by and developed in the private sector. The ability of the private sector to develop affordable housing is affected by a wide range of market forces. Local government actions such as land-use policies, development regulations and infrastructure finance also have a significant impact on housing affordability. Public funding and incentive programs are essential to address housing needs of lower-income county residents, including people with special needs, such as the elderly and people with disabilities. The policies in this chapter address low-cost housing development, preservation and assistance programs needed to ensure sale and adequate housing for lower-income and special needs residents. In addition, the King County Consortium represents unincorporated areas and most county cities outside of Seattle. This consortium prepares a Consolidated Housing and Community Development Plan which outlines the needs, resources and housing goals to be achieved. An annual action plan details specific housing and community development objectives. 1. Range of Housing Choices lnterjurisdictional cooperation and public/private partnerships are needed to address the full range of critical housing needs. U-401 U-402 King County shall work with cities and the private sector to encourage a wide range of housing within the Urban Growth Area to meet the needs of our diverse population, support economic growth, ensure an equitable and rational distribution of low:income and affordable housing throughout the county and provide housing choices for people of all income levels. Through subarea and regional planning with cities, incentives programs and funding initiatives, King County shall plan for housing to meet the needs of all economic segments of the population throughout the Urban Growth Area and within Rural Towns. King County shall plan for construction or preservation of housing units affordable to households as follows: • 24% of housing stock should be affordable to households below 50% of the King County median income; • 17% of housing stock should be affordable to households between 50% and 80% of the King County median income; • 20% of housing stock should be affordable to households between 80% and 120% of the King County median income; and • 39% of housing stock should be affordable to households above 120% of the King County median income. September 2004 2-32 - Meeting these objectives will entail providing sufficient land for a variety of affordable housing such as higher-density single-family homes, multifamily properties, manufactured housing, accessory apartments and mixed-use developments. U-403 U-404 U-405 U-406 U-407 U-408 U-409 U-410 U-411 King County, in partnership with other jurisdictions, shall evaluate achievement of countywide and local goals for housing for all economic sectors of the population by analyzing housing indicators, adopted land use regulations, actions that encourage development and preservation of low and moderate-income housing and the effect of market factors on housing development. The results of this evaluation shall be used to develop new or revised policies, programs, regulations, and incentives to better meet the Countywide Planning Policies' housing goals. King County should work with cities to increase opportunities for affordable housing development by assuring there is sufficient land capable of being developed for multifamily housing, small lot single-family homes and townhouses, and manufactured housing parks, and other types of housing, such as accessory dwelling units, that tend to be affordable to low-, moderate-and middle-income households. King County shall provide opportunities for attached and detached accessory dwelling units in urban residential areas and shall encourage all jurisdictions within King County to adopt provisions to allow accessory dwelling units in their communities. King County should work with other jurisdictions to eliminate barriers for low- income and special needs housing development. King County should support housing development that is compatible with surrounding uses by: a. Providing information on potential development sites; b. Funding services, amenities, infrastructure and access improvements; c. Developing public financing techniques which give housing development and redevelopment in designated areas, such as urban centers, a market advantage; and d. Making transit and rideshare services available. King County should encourage land use and investment strategies to stimulate mixed-use and mixed-income developments as a way to integrate neighborhoods and increase housing choices. King County should encourage affordable housing through redevelopment of nonresidential buildings, such as schools and commercial buildings, in locations suitable for housing and in ways that preserve significant historic features where appropriate. King County should encourage the development and preservation of residential buildings that have shared facilities, such as single-room occupancy hotels and boarding homes, to provide opportunities for lower rents. King County shall provide opportunities and encourage other jurisdictions to provide opportunities for housing types that provide lower-cost ownership opportunities including manufactured housing, condominiums, townhouses and cottage-style housing. 2-33 September 2004 U-412 King County should explore adding affordable housing as a benefit criteria in the Transfer of Development Credits program, especially as the program is expanded to include incorporated areas of King County. U-413 All Urban Planned Developments (UPDs) and other large housing developments shall provide a mix of housing types and densities, including housing that is affordable to a range of households including low-, moderate-, and middle-income households. This mix should include housing opportunities for households with special needs, including the elderly and persons with disabilities. 2. Ensuring and Expanding Affordable Housing Resources U-414 King County should initiate and actively participate in regional solutions to critical affordable housing needs. Cities, community and housing representatives should be invited to identify and implement solutions. U-415 King County should work with cities and community representatives to establish new, countywide funding sources for housing development, preservation and related services, such that each city and King County contribute on an equitable basis. U-416 King County should work with other jurisdictions, housing developers, and service providers throughout the state to urge federal and state government to expand both capital and operating funding for low-income housing, including low-income housing for people with special needs. U-417 King County should work with jurisdictions and housing providers across the state to urge state and federal governments to expand funding for direct assistance services such as rental assistance and emergency services. U-418 King County should participate in developing and sustaining a coordinated, regional response to homelessness that includes access to homelessness prevention services, emergency shelter, transitional housing, permanent affordable housing, and appropriate support services for homeless families, single adults, and youth. B. Affordable Housing Development The supply of affordable housing serving low-, moderate-and middle-income households has not kept up with the increasing demand in the Puget Sound region due to the soaring costs associated with new housing construction. In King County today, a substantial need exists for low-income rental housing and for moderately priced homes that can be purchased by first-time homebuyers. Existing units will provide some of the affordable housing needed for low-income households in the future. However, with the projected growth in the number of low-to moderate-income households and the short supply of lower-cost housing available today, new construction must include affordable housing. Efforts to provide sufficient land and infrastructure and reduced development costs will help make new units affordable. In addition, a combination of incentives programs and funding will help keep rents affordable and expand opportunities for first-time homebuyers. 1. Development Incentives for Low-and Moderate-Income Housing Incentives that will help developers provide low-and moderate-income housing include reduction in development costs or an expansion of the development potential on the property. U-419 Density bonuses and other incentives should be available to both single-family and multifamily developments that provide rental or ownership housing affordable to low-and moderate-income households and households with special needs. September 2004 2-34 U-420 To reduce development costs for affordable housing projects, King County shall exempt payment of impact fees for housing units that will serve low-income households with incomes which do not exceed 80% of the median. U-421 King County should explore methods to expedite plan reviews for housing projects serving low-and moderate-income households, in coordination with other incentive or subsidy programs. U-422 King County shall explore coordination of incentive programs with cities to develop common program guidelines and reduce administrative costs. 2. Housing Development Subsidies Federal, state and local housing programs provide vital assistance to low-income households. King County has used federal funds for housing for more than two decades, but it is not adequate for local needs. During the past five years, King County also has used local funds for development and preservation of affordable housing. As a result, residents have more housing choices. Residents who need emergency housing can stay in the community of their choice and their children can continue to attend schools. Local housing funds have also leveraged significant private investment as well as other public funding resources. Housing for very low-income households is usually developed by private, nonprofit agencies or by public housing authorities. By using federal subsidy programs administered at the state or local level, private for-profit developers and lenders also are active in low-income housing development. U-423 U-424 U-425 U-426 U-427 U-428 King County shall give priority in its housing funding programs to developments that serve low-income individuals and households, secure appropriate housing options for people with special needs, prevent displacement of low-income people, or provide low-income and special needs housing along with social services. King County should explore increasing affordable housing opportunities, especially in areas with an existing or forecast shortage of affordable housing, through new programs, development incentives, and changes to funding program guidelines to facilitate new construction, rehabilitation, and acquisition to preserve affordable housing. King County should seek opportunities to fund programs and projects where county funds are matched by additional public and private loans and contributions, increasing the amount of housing that can be developed. King County should expand its use of surplus county-owned property and air-rights over county-owned property for affordable housing and should explore its use for other public benefits, such as human services, and consider conveyance of properties to public or nonprofit housing developers and agencies at below-market cost. In communities where the home ownership rate is lower than the county average, surplus county property shall be targeted for housing development that would expand the stock of owner-occupied, low-or moderate-income housing. King County should support the efforts of nonprofit developers and housing agencies to increase the supply of housing for low-income households, through technical assistance and funding for capacity building, training, and predevelopment activities. King County should encourage and support efforts by nonprofit housing developers, housing agencies, and service providers to develop long-term nongovernment 2-35 September 2004 funding sources such as planned giving, endowments, and related economic development ventures. U-429 King County should support programs that provide apprenticeship and employment training in the building trades through affordable housing development. King County should explore ways to partner with nonprofit housing developers in offering pre-apprenticeship, apprenticeship and employment training opportunities. C. Preservation of Existing Affordable Housing This plan calls for more residential growth by preserving existing housing stock and developing new units on vacant parcels within established neighborhoods. These locations can offer affordable housing that is close to jobs, transportation and services. Housing development can also provide welcome improvements to communities suffering from a lack of investment. However, new development in established communities may result in the loss of existing low-cost housing. For example, when existing affordable housing stock is demolished or upgraded to create market rate units, neighborhoods lose housing for its low-income residents. Low-cost housing is a community resource we should strive to preserve. Redevelopment policies must be balanced with the need to preserve existing low-cost housing and neighborhoods. Retention of affordable housing can be encouraged through appropriate zoning and development regulations, financial incentives, rehabilitation programs, historic preservation, and acquisition strategies. Additionally, preservation of affordable housing minimizes health and safety risks and provides residential stability. Historic features to existing buildings are also preserved. In combination, these efforts increase livability and help establish the character of existing neighborhoods. U-430 King County should develop and expand incentives and subsidy programs to preserve affordable housing threatened by market forces and expiring federal subsidies. Relocation assistance and replacement housing should be developed, where feasible, to help low-income households when displacement is unavoidable. U-431 King County should explore land use and financial incentives to preserve and improve existing housing in redeveloping areas through the use of programs such as transfer of development rights, tax credits and tax abatements for low-income housing and tax abatements and restoration loans for housing designated as an historic landmark. U-432 King County should assist owners of rental properties serving low-and moderate- income residents to acquire financing for building health and safety improvements in exchange for long-term agreements to maintain affordable rents. U-433 King County should work with financial institutions and other housing agencies to expand resources for housing rehabilitation through techniques such as reverse mortgage programs and loan pools. U-434 King County should coordinate preservation of existing affordable housing with city and county historic preservation programs and incentives, and should promote preservation and restoration of significant historic features in the rehabilitation of existing buildings and sites for housing. U-435 King County should support ongoing efforts to maintain and preserve existing mobile home parks, at an appropriate level of safety and habitability, as a source of affordable housing for low-income homeowners through zoning, funding for acquisition and rehabilitation of parks and homes. September 2004 2-36 U-436 King County should consider the constraints of rehabilitation, legalization of accessory dwelling units, and historic preservation, so usable structures are rehabilitated to an appropriate level of safety and habitability. U-437 Development standards should promote lower-cost infill development such as accessory dwelling units and cottage-style housing in a manner that allows existing housing to be retained through measures such as an innovative or flexible building envelope, access and infrastructure standards. D. Access to Housing An important goal of addressing affordable housing needs is the successful integration of housing for low- income households into the larger community. This can be accomplished by: • Siting community facilities and affordable housing with convenient access to employment, transportation and services; • Adopting favorable land use policies and regulations; • Increasing housing choices for special needs residents; • Making reasonable accommodations for people living with disabilities; • Permitting group living situations with supportive services; and • Establishing positive relationships with neighbors of affordable housing. Publicly funded developments can contribute to increasing access to housing for lower:income and special needs residents through new construction or acquisition and rehabilitation of existing housing. For special needs groups, public policies favor community-based, independent living in small residences such as single-family homes or apartments. These policies are supported by the King County Fair Housing Ordinance as well as state and federal laws that prohibit housing discrimination against protected classes, including people with disabilities. U-438 U-439 U-440 King County shall promote opportunities for publicly funded housing, including housing for low-income people with special needs, by: a. Adopting land use policies and regulations that treat publicly funded housing and other low-income housing the same as housing of a similar size and density; b. Adopting funding and program policies that encourage integration of assisted housing within communities and a fair distribution of publicly funded housing throughout the county. However, mandatory dispersion requirements which limit where publicly funded housing may locate, should not be applied; and c. Encouraging developers and owners of publicly funded housing units to undertake activities to establish and maintain positive relationships with neighbors. King County shall make reasonable accommodations in its rules, policies, practices and services when such accommodations may be necessary to afford persons with disabilities equal opportunity to use or enjoy a dwelling. King County should explore standards for publicly funded housing that: a. Increase the ability of people with special needs to visit or have physical access to housing units regardless of their residency status; b. Allow household members to age in place; and c. Include universal design principles that increase the amount of housing that is accessible and usable by all persons. 2-37 September 2004 U-441 King County should support the ability of people, especially the elderly and persons with disabilities, to find housing opportunities that allow them to live as independently as possible in the housing and community of their choice. U-442 King County shall prohibit special requirements through land-use regulations, restrictive covenants and conditional or special use permits that limit the ability of persons from protected classes (as defined in the King County Fair Housing Ordinance) to live in residences of their choice. U-443 King County shall permit group living situations, including those where residents receive such supportive services as counseling, foster care or medical supervision, within a single-family house or apartment. U-444 King County should work with housing industry representatives to identify and remove barriers (such as real estate marketing, finance or insurance practices) that restrict housing choices and opportunities for low-and moderate-income people and people with special needs. · U-445 King County should use land use planning and funding programs to help site community facilities and assisted publicly funded housing so that low-and moderate-income residents and persons with special needs have convenient access to community and transportation services. E. Reducing Development Costs Rising costs have contributed to increases in rents and housing prices at all price levels. These costs are associated with land acquisition, construction, financing, permit processes, roads and utilities and market demand. Although some of these cost increases fall outside the control of local governments, others are directly affected by public policy decisions. Public policies should be evaluated for implications related to the cost of housing development. Cost-saving approaches should be studied. Strategies for increasing favorable zoning, regulations and infrastructure can significantly cut housing development costs. These will help curtail rising housing costs and increase the amount of new, affordable housing units. U-446 King County should pursue land use policies and regulations that result in lower development costs without loss of adequate public review, environmental quality or public safety and do not reduce design quality, inhibit infrastructure financing strategies, or increase maintenance costs for public facilities. U-447 King County shall continue to improve development standards to allow higher densities and flexibility of housing types in all residential zones, in order to best accommodate the environmental conditions on the site and the surrounding neighborhood when planning housing developments. U-448 King County should encourage the use of area-wide Environmental Impact Statements when plans are developed for activity centers, areas identified for redevelopment or other neighborhoods to provide a more complete analysis of cumulative environmental impacts and reduce the time and cost of environmental review for individual developments. U-449 King County shall seek to minimize the time necessary to process development permits to meet affordable housing and environmental goals and community and aesthetic concerns. U-450 King County should encourage the formation of common development codes and standards with cities, sewer and water districts and other permitting agencies to increase predictability and reduce development costs. September 2004 2-38 U-451 King County should develop new partnerships with public and private lending institutions to find solutions that reduce housing financing costs for both builders and consumers. F. New Housing Models The characteristics of people seeking housing continue to change. Today, there are more single adults living alone or in shared housing than ever before. More families are single-parent households. Many households have two parents working full-time. As the population ages, more seniors will need housing. King County can assist in the development of housing types that meet the needs of these individuals and families by funding affordable housing, revising development standards and/or expediting permit processing. Demonstration projects can provide needed housing for low-income households and test new models for housing simultaneously. U-452 King County should assist in development of innovative, affordable demonstration projects by exploring alternative land development, flexible development standards, and construction techniques. U-453 King County should encourage new housing models by supporting projects such as owner-built housing, land trusts for rental and ownership housing, and other innovative developments. U-454 King County should support transit-oriented development that expands housing opportunities at locations near frequent transit by engaging private and nonprofit entities in an investment/development partnership. Public transit funds should be used only when it is shown that the public transit benefit of such investment is equal to or greater than the cost. King County should support efforts to incorporate affordable housing in transit-oriented development. U-455 King County should explore the feasibility of allowing five-story wood frame construction as a technique that will increase the availability of multifamily housing while lowering development costs and maintaining fire safety. U-456 King County should support cottage-style housing development that clusters a limited number of small scale detached units around a common green space at a density level that is up to twice that allowed by base density. The general character and size of cottage-style development should be controlled in the same manner that creates compatibility with a single-family neighborhood. U-457 King County should encourage development of residential communities that achieve lower prices and rents through shared common houses, open spaces and community facilities. G. Direct Assistance to Households In many cases, the most effective form of housing assistance is direct assistance to low-or moderate- income households. This approach is commonly used for first-time homebuyer programs, which provide reduced-rate mortgages or assistance with closing costs. These forms of assistance increase options for homebuyers and enable them to find housing they prefer. Federal programs also provide direct rental assistance to low-income households to help pay rent in public and privately owned rental housing. In many cases, the most-effective form of housing assistance is direct assistance to low or moderate- income households. This approach is commonly used for first-time homebuyer programs, which provide 2-39 September 2004 reduced-rate mortgages or assistance with closing costs. These forms of assistance increase options for homebuyers and enable them to find housing they prefer. Federal programs also provide direct rental assistance to low-income households to help pay rent in public and privately owned rental housing. 1. Homeowner Assistance U-458 King County should work with local lenders to expand assistance for first-time homebuyers, including homebuyer education and counseling, low-cost financing and assistance with down payments and closing costs. U-459 King County should provide financial assistance for housing rehabilitation to low- income home owners, including owners of mobile homes residing in parks, and through community-based repair programs, such as tool banks or painting programs. 2. Renter Assistance and Homeless Prevention U-460 King County should support programs that help prevent homelessness, such as emergency rental assistance, mortgage default counseling, and improvements to emergency services referral networks. U-461 King County should support programs that assist low-income renters to remain in or to gain access to private market housing, such as revolving loan funds that cover utility and damage deposits, and rental assistance programs. U-462 King County should support programs that provide landlord-tenant counseling, workshops and mediation in landlord-tenant disputes, as well as legislation which protects the rights of tenants and landlords, such as fair rental contracts. H. Balancing Jobs and Housing As the population of the Puget Sound region grows, King County is expected to remain the major employment center of the region. As job growth occurs, the workers for these jobs must be accommodated with adequate opportunities for housing. If a balance of job growth and housing availability is not achieved, these workers will need to live longer distances away from their jobs, thus increasing pressures upon transportation systems. U-463 King County shall work with the Growth Management Planning Council or its successor and the private sector to support development of an adequate supply of housing commensurate with job growth within the county and its cities. To attain this goal, King County shall: a. Support job and household growth targets and policies established in the Countywide Planning Policies; b. Establish performance measures to gauge how jurisdictions are accommodating growth; c. Participate in buildable lands inventories, market analyses and other studies to evaluate if sufficient land capacity is available for residential development; and d. Work with cities to ensure additional actions are taken throughout the county to accommodate and promote residential development when job growth causes great demand for housing and severe shortages in the availability of housing for new workers in the county. September 2004 2-40 • • v. Human Services People are King County's most valuable resource. Their well being affects the prosperity of the region. King County's vision for the future includes livable, safe communities that are attractive to families, thriving cities, healthy rural communities and a robust economy. The availability of human services is an essential component of this vision. Regardless of age, cultural background, income or family size, everyone is likely to need human services at some point. Human services range from youth recreation programs to mental illness programs to social programs for senior citizens. Many needs associated with human services are circumstantial and have nothing to do with income. Any one can have trouble locating quality childcare. Any one may need help dealing with family violence or substance abuse problems. Naturally, people with low incomes have the highest needs for human services, including help in meeting such basic needs as food, housing, health care and job training. King County helps address the human service needs of its residents in many ways, including financial assistance for programs that serve residents who lack resources to meet basic needs. Although _there are many funding sources, the amount is inadequate to meet rising human service needs. A large portion of King County's resources for human services comes from the State of Washington. This money is mandated to be spent on particular groups, such as people with developmental disabilities, people with mental illness, people with substance abuse problems and veterans. The county also accesses its own current expense fund to support other human services. The policies in this section reflect the intent of the King County Framework Policies for Human Services adopted by the King County Council in 1999. A. King County's Role in Human Services Over the years, King County has become a regional leader in providing human services. Activities include: • Resource Development and Administration: King County works aggressively to direct federal, state, and private resources to our jurisdiction, and, where appropriate, administer available funds. • Funder: King County uses a portion of current expense and criminal justice funds to support a variety of health, human services and housing programs for people in need. • Planner and Advocate: King County is proactive in anticipating and responding to the changing needs of residents and communities. • Partnerships: The county works with a variety of public and private partners to design, implement, and evaluate better ways of providing human services and conducting associated business. U-501 King County, in partnership with other jurisdictions, should help provide access to a range of prevention, intervention and rehabilitative human services for all residents of King County. Access to human services should be available in all areas of the county. In order to achieve the goal of equitable countywide distribution, residential human service facilities should be encouraged to locate in areas of King County where factors such as high property costs currently discourage their location. In communities where there is a disproportionate share of human service facilities and providers located, King County should provide community amenities such as parks, transit improvements, sidewalks, and community centers. 2-41 September 2004 U-502 King County should lead the development and implementation of quality, countywide human service systems for its mandated service areas (mental health, drug and alcohol, people with developmental disabilities, veterans, and public health services). King County should execute this role chiefly through the mandates, guidelines, and funding provided by the State of Washington and/or the federal government. U-503 King County, in partnership with other jurisdictions, should support nonmandated regional human service systems for persons most in need. U-504 King County should provide local services such as family, youth, and senior social and recreation programs; local food and clothing banks and community referral for residents of the unincorporated area. B. King County's Human Service Goals The five community goals listed in U-505 were developed through a county-wide community process sponsored by United Way of King County. All of the county's human services activities should support one or more of these goals. 1. Community Goals U-505 King County should promote healthy families and safe communities by supporting activities that help attain the following community goals throughout King County: a. Food to eat and a roof overhead. Ensure that the essential food and housing needs of all people in King County are met. b. Supportive relationships within families, neighborhoods, and communities. Ensure all people in King County experience positive and supportive relationships in their families and communities. c. A safe haven from all forms of violence and abuse. Ensure that all people in King County are safe and feel secure in schools, in their homes, and in their communities. d. Health care to be as physically and mentally fit as possible. Promote and enhance the health of all people in King County, and assist them to attain and maintain the greatest functional independence as possible. e. Education and job skills to lead an independent life. Help all people in King County become as economically self-sufficient as their abilities permit. U-506 King County policies and regulations should help promote easy access to jobs, housing, and services. In establishing and carrying out policies and regulations regarding land use, transportation, economic development, facilities, and related areas, King County should promote access to and availability of human services and affordable housing for low-income residents and communities. U-507 King County should ensure that its involvement in human services is sensitive to the cultural, economic, and social diversity of King County. Toward that end, King County should promote culturally competent and culturally relevant service delivery; uphold federal, state, and local laws against discrimination; work to remove obstacles that impair residents' ability to access human services and affordable housing; and provide opportunities for diverse representation of people and interests on King County's boards, commissions, advisory committees, and planning processes. U-508 King County should support efforts to break the cycle of poverty, promote personal responsibility and reduce the overall need for human services. This includes organizing and empowering residents and communities to be involved in the September 2004 2·42 • • decision making that affects their lives. Services supported by King County should do so in a manner that helps foster sell-determination and self-sufficiency to the greatest extent possible. 2. Ensuring and Enhancing Human Services Resources U-509 King County should work in the federal, state, and local government arenas, and with the private sector, to garner additional human services and affordable housing resources for King County residents to help further the community goals. This work may include legislative advocacy, pursuit of grant funds, regulatory changes, and related actions. C. Assessing Use of Resources and Achievement of Goals King County should ensure that human services funding and other activities are directed in an effective and appropriate manner. The policies below and the King County Framework Policies for Human Services outline an assessment and evaluation process to help ensure the county is responsive to ongoing changes in achieving community goals. The assessment and evaluation process focuses on the discretionary spending on human services and the necessary coordination with mandated human services as appropriate. U-510 U-511 U-512 U-513 U-514 King County should conduct an ongoing assessment and evaluation cycle to help ensure its activities and use of resources for human services are responsive to changing needs in the five community goal areas and other King County human services priorities. King County should periodically, but no fewer than every three years, produce a King County Human Services Recommendation Report that describes strategies that King County will pursue during the period covered by the Report. King County should encourage and facilitate broad community participation - including consumers and providers of services -in developing the King County Human Services Report, and in the provision and evaluation of human services. King County should actively coordinate with other local, regional, state, federal, and private human services efforts in order to ensure that its human service activities, including the use of resources, complement the programs and activities of others. Wherever feasible, King County should participate in joint assessments with other funders to analyze human service trends and needs. Together with its community partners, King County should help to establish and monitor key indicators of overall social and health conditions in King County. The information shall be used to help determine progress towards meeting the five community goals identified in U-505. 2-43 September 2004 VI. Suslainabl8 D8V810,PID8m It is the goal of King County to work toward a model sustainable community where both the public and private sectors seek to balance urban growth with natural resource protection. Sustainable development seeks to achieve this goal by addressing the impacts of the built environment in which we live and work. Sustainable development is implemented through planning, design and construction methods, including green building and low-impact development (LID) that promote environmental quality, economic vitality and social benefits. Current development practices contribute significantly to the adverse impacts buildings have on our environment. These impacts include heavy consumption of energy and water, large-scale production of wastes, water pollution and contribution to greenhouse gas emissions. Implementing sustainable development involves incorporating green building and LID practices into our policies through education, incentives and regulation to help reduce these negative impacts. Green building is defined as design, construction and operational practices that significantly reduce or eliminate the negative impact of buildings through sustainable site planning, water savings, energy efficiency, materials selection and enhanced indoor environmental quality for occupants. One strategy of green building is LID. LID is an approach to land development that emphasizes maintaining or restoring a site's natural hydrologic function by protecting and enhancing native vegetation and soils, minimizing impervious surfaces and managing stormwater at its source. A. Sustainable Development for King County Capital Improvement Projects The King County Green Building Initiative establishes Executive policy to encourage and promote the use of sustainable development practices in all buildings the county constructs, remodels and renovates. By incorporating sustainable development practices when projects are in the planning and predesign phase, economic benefits may realized, including the reduction of operating costs, enhanced asset value, optimized building performance and a healthier workplace for its employees. U-601 King County should incorporate sustainable development principles and practices into the design, construction and operation of county facilities and county-funded projects when economically feasible. U-602 The use of green building practices should be accomplished within traditional project budgets. If additional funds are sought for up-front costs, a life cycle cost analysis of the project should be completed to determine the long-term benefits of using green building practices. U-604 King County should leverage its purchasing power related to capital improvement projects to help expand ihe markets for green building products, including recycled- content materials and clean, renewable energy technologies. B. Sustainable Development in the Private Sector King County seeks to foster innovative design and development techniques in the private sector that reduce the negative impacts of site development and building construction while maintaining affordability and economic development. Similarly, King County also encourages the use of low-impact site design techniques to reduce impacts to aquatic resources. September 2004 2-44 U-605 King County should encourage, support and promote the application of sustainable development practices in all private sector development within the county. This may be accomplished through working with residential and commercial developers to incorporate habitat conditions, reduce impervious surface areas, protect ground and surface water within a watershed, incorporate greater use of green building materials and utilize systems that conserve resources, including those that use energy more efficiently. U-606 King County should identify and evaluate potential changes to land use development regulations and building codes to support and promote green building and low impact development. This may be accomplished through demonstration projects to guide the application and refinement of regulations such as zoning, and road and stormwater regulations. C. Low-Impact Development Current development practices can adversely impact water resources. Low-impact development (LID) is a new approach to land development which works to match a site's natural hydro logic function by protecting native vegetation and soils, reducing impervious surface and managing stormwater at the source. LID techniques include retention of native vegetation, soil amendment, rainwater harvesting, pervious pavement and bioretention. U-607 U-608 U-609 King County should incorporate low-impact development principles and practices into the design, construction and operation of all county facilities and county-funded projects to the fullest extent feasible. King County should work with residential and commercial developers to incorporate low-impact development practices that protect native vegetation and soils, and reduce impervious surface. King County should identify and evaluate potential changes to land use development regulations and building codes to support and promote low-impact development. This may be accomplished through demonstration projects to guide application and refinement of regulations such as zoning, subdivision, roads and stormwater regulations. 2·45 September 2004 \\ . -··---·--r·--:-··--··---·- ! • I r.-·--• -",. \"? a • • ' i' ~· ; --~-1-··--;· -··--·· ' •) LAKE 'f' . \ -, ) 'St'IOHEtJNE F~~Es r ·r,-.-~O~§tL_. / . I .. ----\-.. --.. -.... --.. --. ·---. --.. --.. ---. --.. - / J ., ... · -,RK KENMORE' r~~;,~\W,8e.JD!NVIL .~E ._ \ ' ; -,. '., ~ '\ ~· ·-~ ,' '1': "l -I . , ; • / J j . . • ii., I '.:'.-,_, , :.t"""'i~o<~e ., I -. , -... \ .. , ,, i l • \ '/ / ,, "· \ ~t -SE.ATCT'LE , '. ,' .~, ' ' .. ~J) 1 • ..t \K!RK (~:ND't / : 7 \\ ! ..... ,..."-Ii .·.1 -' i 9 ~ ; \ ' . J ' • ! • . . ' ,, l . > ., · ., · f HUNT~ Y.AR,ROW'li ' . tf.T' PO 'N-· ' p "I ' \. ,,,_____ ' II .''. ' '~®IN·T.~ Y . (' ' :.l. ~ 't, ,; ------ce:l' ',J?/" ·, ~ \.· ·. • . g ' ·;LYOC \.: I :><) ,' I., • L \ I l .:::: 1 I-JILL ...... '· / \' ::: -··· ~ '· --:-,..: II t ~ I \ , , <2 rvtEQ ,N.I\, '\, I • I ~ ~ \ ~,.. \ >;· i • \ .... • ~ "'-.ri,. ' l . l 'f "\ "§ \ :::: ' ~ ~ " ~ ( 1~, ( \,-j.) //' fv/ ).,,, ...... -( <~ ·~, ·\ ., \ v~'/ ,,,,"' _)'--} ' < -~ r," f ~J!@'(~ / I ~'< .... -;, p V ~s ~. ~- ) I , .~ ' ~; v,.J ·, ' ! , '-..., ') I • ,r' ,'>, "f1 , . :-, c i ,-r ~ "' 1BEb_~EVaE · ..... i , 1 ~---...., -, l · ~ , 'yy' • I ,r'"1 • , , I i ____ __. '·· \ • ' ~ ~ " /SA fvHviAMIS H ~~ (,\ ./ _,./ 1a , ,1 : I '"'t , -. B~A , a '< \ ; ' :. "I ! r . ... r,-c: .. u~ , .. .. ,. , __j l ,::-. '-1 /'-~~-i --I ' • A-R1Sl-• "/ .~., • •· .... t \ ... I ;, J /. "' ,! . MERCER i. ~ SE.>ATTLE ' J ISLAND ,/ '\ 't I • \ J ' • / t, '\ ' -~~~~:~:i~i,,{ -:_ E;astg~ff.4:c · ·-<.,4 \.··:6 oqgar . "' V) ,:, ,;:. ~ ,;:,.. l t' \ : . . j ---11 I\ . \ • I\ ' \ • \ • I // . ,,.1 '<:: •• / /. I.· 'II ;-·\.-\ \., \ ,• C,ty ot Soattle .EWG .ASJ. (--.,--,---,}. ·-~, '\ Potent ,a l Annosation A rea . 1 I • ' \ •\ • \ ~ ' ~J i Nort~ Hi,\line \ .. \,.\ ~-.: --, \ ·.., . ~ .. .,.. L ~,•r , ' I' ~ :;t ·j~\ ,, 1 I ,,, .. YC..~ / \' : BURIEN ----._, \ _. \-: '/ TU KW! ~.A----- \ r. • • I :, I : ..., iSE.~T AC / 1 ? NORMA~DY . . ,, 1 N l;f PARK , ~ . /;, , /.' . • i_ ,-_, ( '· ( \ ~ ~- ..... l ,, ;;, , DES .\ ,; M0!:.,4ES ) ' ••. i / KENT . '~ .... ~ .. , 1 • .,~ I 1::~ ' ~ f ~·J . ! ; ' I . I '-.;I L /,.~(~ · / ~{i e:·-Hm , FEDERAL -f:E_st ' ! ( • • •, ( ' r ,;.I / I ' g / . -~ ", I ~'r I ... ·.AUBURN -~-/, ', /',: . ..,. / . . ~ ' .• --hr', .. /7-· ' ·' 1; '(,. ' -.. r ;-:;;., , .-,. I (,0 ', ,1/.,/.V,..~·'/· I • ' ' /_' // ; / ,,.., ' . -, ., / ",/ J ....: ... ,GONA . ·. //· I .r-, , . . ~ L M11 -rn {./, · PArlF'C.,.. I ~.·"..J 1 ---.. ---~-~-:.-_: .. _____ _ r 1 ,4 ~ • ~ .. -\ \ I \ ' '\~) ,- ~l ~ • ,rl' /1, ~ ~ ' / \ ' -~ Ii ·r-. --) ' ' ---~.._.-'~/ ___ /'_ -,_ --------'. -~ ·i From Ordinance 12535 Section 1.0 : Kino County and the City DI North Band will cor'rlinue .Joint plaMin<J dlS<:uSS<ons regard ing sel'\flce del,very and financ,ng ,n th.i area .J, affected by the ordinance. This area will likely not be app1opriate for anne.ation by the C~y of North Send unti l the latter part (1he years 2002 to 2012) of 1he 20 y~r plannin g horiion outiined in the Countywjde Pla11ning Policies. /--1 / .,.,,,.-·-c:::;:=. c:::;:=:i.;:::==;;;;_l!:;l;i::::::::::J = ; I •ill ,,----_/ _..,, \ I ~ r· --,'\. _,., .. _/., ,..., - ,'I\-~ rf;?' fj ·~\ J "o;'\ ; ' ,. /J I I J '} '\,. Interim Potential ·Annexation Areas Urban Areas which are within ()' ' 1, ..... '-\_ , ..... .. \ "· ......... ~ .. \..-~ \,_,.•1 -• r·~-, ' , I \_.,.. ·' .......... , -the designated PAA of two or more cities--"OVERLA PS "--OR OTHER WISE CONTESTED AREAS \ _,f ···'\. --, ' . ·' fi ··~ J '~--~·~ ,,.;..~ ..,.. ~ Urban Areas which are not with in D t he designated PAA of any city- 0 GAPS" D Green River Agricultural Districts -Pending Annexation Potential Annexation Area D Recognized by City-County ln!erlocal Agreement llB] lnterim Potential Ann exation Areas D Cities D Pruks N Urban Growth Area Bou ndary Potential Annexation Areas Sources: City Comprehensive Plans: Algo na, August 1995 Bothell, December 1994 Federal Way , November 1995 Issaquah, Septe mber 1997 Ke nt. April 1995 Milton, Decembe r 1995 Comprehensive Plan Amendment November 1997 Newcastle, June 1997 Pacific, July 1995 Redmond. December 1997 Renton , December 1997 SeaTac. December 1995 Seattle Tukwila, December 1995 • ·· l-·-. ,I I ,D'-;;;,---· ' \. ...,,.~• '-".. N "'-.__: Countywlde Planning Policy Map ® .. + Rural City Urban Growth Areas: 1ir King County ---- Carnation, Black Diamond, Duvall, Enumclaw, ~ North Bend (North Bend Potential Annexation Area reflects resolution of a joint planning area, see O rdi nance 12535 Section 1.0 ), Skykomish (not shown), and Snoqualmie. lnterlocal Agreement: Auburn, March 1999 m.'lk><1Y'CJroioctil1<,oo\piAA\2004\2004...1pea.mxd AWC \\Ode,; 707\(ji.-m~MP•\2004 t 2'1owc_?004 ,222_~.pdt Tho wormatlon lndud.>d on llll& "'l>P hU bo<on CMIPilod b)' IO\g CoUi'lly oliH lrom a '"'"OIJI ol sou._ t<nd I• Oub)od II> <,hMg• without notioai. K~ Oeout,ty tneba "° ,ap,4Winl"l)ON or WA~tiw.&. UJ)tlilU o, ilipUwd,. M to ia.:::cwacy , comp\al4ViM,S,. timo~u:. °' ,ia,1s to trii Uiil:I m such WotmQUon. ~ Cuun1·1 aholl nol bo r..'olol 1o, any 0""""'\ oPAda\ lnditoct. tncldof>lol. 0< oons,.Qr,(J1J'"°1i&I dQm Qg&S hdudr')Q. but not fmo:Q(J 10. trD.st ~IM 01 1o;t prolihi r~lt~ trom tn. Ult o, m\s·uu d th• i"l.lorn\SdiM con?Wliid ffl this;; map. My Silo OI 1h11 m~ or lnlorMatlon en this.-,.., Ii i,rohibllod -.°""' by "'"11.., """"'""""' a IClr>gCOl,ldy. ~ 1 1 • -----• Mt'leo --~ ~~- K ing County Compreh ensive Plan . 2004 Chapter Two, Urban Communities October 2004 '\:·-·- \ j I f .I ( I I i i i \ i I f \ \ J I i \ ~J 4/ (.,,. ~-.. ..,.,.. i ) -v I I I I I i I I ( .> I I ) ,.., .... Park \ ~ -J \ / ·,. -· /. . ;I ,·,\. '-. _,,.,. __x· ......... ____ ( :~ ""·c{..">.,, 4>,i. -- King County Comprehensive Plan, 2004 Chapter Two, Urban Communities m .\to ny,pfojects\complan\2004\2004_urban centers.m:xd AWC \\o:tes707\gis -m\maps\2004 \2\2004_K CCF\awc_20041 222_urban_centers.pcf -~==:·=--=~=·=====~=,~---------------1 '\ """""-"""' "°'!~------------. \\ ·-·-·--·-·---------------------·--------------------------------~;::·--------·,;.~ _____ s.,.,;;.r~,:!!:_ _____ r ~ -'~~~-~-----0J~ Urban Centers 2004 ti ____ !) _____ .. -·-·-·-------·-·-·, ~-j ! ~ .. _ ., ~ ~~-::;,~··. ,,,. .... :-.i -'\ -·-·--.. I --· -----·· ·-·-·-·-·-·--- ;-., --~ ~.~ /_..f •/ / i / ('./,....., r-·-·\ ·-·-·-·-·1 I '-. ,_,! j ~·-·i __ j ,., ____ f' ·-·-·-·-· '-", /·--' / ~; L t ... J'aCiflC I ~-'i_J ._: ·~-Pi¥1i;.-e;:;::;.-,v I I ,--! t ·--J I ; _ _. .- ! ,·-...... t., I <·( -w~,, ~--·'i , . .,.. • I '·, ,.. ___ .:. I • •·-·, j ______ ) i-·- ·-·-· .i •.----, i -.-r-'. ( L"'-f-) ·~'i.~·-·-:..1,_ i '\ .... --·, .,..._)~, ... • • ..... _. t,,q ('<t, .:, "J. ,)~ ~ '·,. L-~ .,.,-" '"-- ;" J "-\ ( ~//~l ~ \.,-~ '-..~ r j ......__,.,, I , . ....:.. -/ '\:::.• I .) I ; '1,\ .... [.'. · .... ,_ I \ ~ ·,. . ' \ ' "-""L -.,. __ ,·,·----,,~-~ ,·-. ·, . . ' -..". ,. ____ ., · ....... ,. ~ ' ' _,,...,.-. ~ -., -'--~ ,J""'•-. • .... ~-·, \-,I l....... ' \ ...... , J 'S:;/~"' '·~ ·, ------------"' ~ ~-~---....... \. _;-· 1.--J ---'\.. \ .,. __ '-._J ....... ' \ ·" , .............. -...... ·,., .... ,.1 •/ >' \ \ L~ \ #"'ii county ·-.......... . ~------' '-·---p~c11 Co,.;fity \.~ •, _,..,--.i T he inlormal ion included on this map has been compiled by K ing County staff from a variety ol sources and is sl..bject to change wtthoul notice. K ing County makes no represental ions or warrant ies, exp ress or rnp!ied, as to accuracy, comple1onoss. timelmes.s, Of righls to the use cJ such intonnation. K ing County shall not bo Ii.ab le for any genera!, special indirect , incidental, or consequential damages including, but not limited to, lost rl:Nenues or klst profits rcsutting from !he use or misuse of !he inform.a.lion contained on this map. ArPJ sale of this map °' information on thi s map is p ro hibi1ed except by written pennissi,on o l King County. '\ \ .....,_ (. The maps in the King County Comprehensive Plan and its technical appendic es are produc ed wi th a computer geographic ........... ___,.-..-.:=::-~ informari()(I system. They are reduced in size bur available at a larger scale. -...... r---~] Incorporated Areas c_= __ ·_:] Tribal Lands '"'-' Urban Growth Area Boundary r"-.._., Municipal Watershed Boundary • Unincorporated Activity Center White Center @ Community Business Centers 2 Benson Hill 3 Bo ulevard Park 4 Fairwood 5 Juanita-Woodinville Way/100th Ave. NE 6 Kingsgate 7 Klahanie 8 Lea Hill 9 North Lake Area 1 O Panther Lake 11 Ro x hill 12 Salmon Cre ek 13 Skyway 14 Top Hat 0 Neighborhood Business Centers 15 116th Ave. NE/NE 160th St. 16 Avondale Corner 17 Benson/SE 192nd St. 18 Beverly Park 19 Cascade 20 Jovita 21 Juanita Dri ve/N E 122nd Pl. 22 Juanita Driv e/N E 141 st St. 23 Juanita-Woo dinville Way/NE 145th St. 24 Lake Geneva 25 Martin Luther King Jr. Way/6oth Ave.-64th Ave. S 26 Mud Lake 27 Puget Sound Jr. High Site 28 Rainier Ave. S./S. 114th St.-S ." 117th St. 29 Spider Lake 30 Unincorporated South Park Source: King County Department of Development and Environmenta l Services Ci) King County 0 u 5 --------= ----~ 1/J -~~ N + October 2004 Chapter Three Rural Leg.acv and Natural Resource Lands Cha ter Three Rural teuacv and Natural Resource lands The landscape of King County's rural and resource areas is characterized by extensive forests, small-scale farms, free-flowing rivers and streams that provide high-quality habitat for fish and wildlife, and a wide variety of homes found in rural cities, small historic towns, and scattered on lots in a broad range of sizes. Large-scale, commercial forestry and mining have been the traditional land uses in the eastern half of King County where soils are thin and rocky, while farming continues in the prime soils found in the river valleys. Many rural residential communities are focused on scenic resources such as lakes, rivers and territorial views, or to lifestyle activities such as the keeping of horses. The glacial soils and terrain in the rural and resource areas also create significant environmentally sensitive areas, such as steep, erodable slopes, wetlands and groundwater recharge areas. Maintenance of tree cover, natural vegetation and wetlands are critical to prevention of erosion, flooding, property and habitat damage, the continued functioning of the ecosystem and preservation of rural character. Conserving King County's rural and natural resource lands is integral to providing diversity in lifestyle choices, continuing farming and forestry economies, protecting environmental quality and wildlife habitat, and maintaining a link to King County's resource-based heritage. Growth Management Act's Goals, Elements, and Requirements Part I of this chapter satisfies the Growth Management Act's mandatory rural element by designating rural lands in order to limit development in rural areas and prevent sprawl, by permitting land uses that are compatible with the rural character established in the King County Countywide Planning Policies, and by providing for a variety of rural densities; further, it satisfies the mandatory land use element by indicating the population densities that are appropriate for the Rural Area, and Goal 13 of the GMA by identifying and encouraging the preservation of lands, sites, and structures that have historical or archaeological significance. It also maintains and enhances natural resource-based industries and designated natural resource lands as required by the act. Part II of this chapter satisfies the Growth Management Act's Goal B to maintain and enhance natural resource-based industries; Requirement 36.?0A.170 to designate natural resource lands; Requirement 36.?0A.OBO optional conservation element by conserving natural resource lands. King County's Rural Communities King County's Rural Area, including communities such as the Hobart Plateau, Vashon Island, Snoqualmie Valley and Enumclaw Plateau, contains predominantly low-density residential development, farms, forests, watersheds crucial for both fisheries and flood control, mining areas, small cities and towns, historic sites and buildings, archaeological sites and regionally important recreation areas. These rural uses and activities occur adjacent to and interact with the county's rich agriculture and forestry resources. The location of the Rural Area between the Urban Growth Area and most Resource Lands helps to protect commercial agriculture and timber from incompatible uses. 3-1 September 2004 Designation and conservation of a Rural Area maintains rural community character as a valued part of King County's diversity. It also provides choices in living environments, maintains a link to King County's heritage, allows small-scale farming and forestry to continue and helps protect environmental quality and sensitive resources, such as groundwater recharge areas. Rural areas also act to enhance urban areas and focus urban levels of development where they can be best served. King County is required to have a rural element in its comprehensive plan by the Washington State Growth Management Act (GMA). A clear indication of which lands in King County will remain rural also will foster better use of limited funds for facilities and services by allowing the county to establish distinctly rural facility and service standards and to focus most public resources on growth and services in the Urban Growth Area. King County's Resource Lands The growing, harvest, extraction, processing and use of products from Natural Resource Lands play an important role in King County's economy by providing jobs and products for local use and export. Natural Resource Lands also provide links to King County's cultural heritage, scenic views and environmental benefits such as enhanced air and water quality. In large measure, King County's quality of life is dependent upon the thoughtful planning and sound management of these Natural Resource Lands to ensure their long-term conservation and productive use. For many years, King County's Natural Resource Lands were poorly conserved and managed. For example, only about one-third of the farmland existing in 1945 remains today. Lack of understanding of natural resource value, inconsistent coordination between agencies, poor operational practices, demand for more housing, lack of an adequate means to compensate natural resource owners for the many nonmonetary values their lands provide and many other reasons have diminished our available natural resource lands. Efforts to maintain King County's Natural Resource Lands and the industries they support began in earnest in the late 1970's. The land base and industries are further conserved by encouraging development to occur as envisioned by the Washington State Growth Management Act (GMA), which requires new development to be focused primarily in the Urban Growth Area. Under this plan, Natural Resource Lands, including Designated Production Districts and sites of long-term commercial significance, will have minimal new residential and commercial development. New development that does occur will be designed to be compatible with active resource-based uses. This section contains King County's strategy for conservation of these valuable Natural Resource Lands and for encouraging their productive and sustainable management. The strategy consists of policies to guide planning, incentives, education and regulation. Forest, farm and mineral lands are not King County's only natural resources. Many other resource-based industries, such as the fisheries industry, are influenced by King County's land use and planning policies. Policies for the protection and enhancement of air, water, vegetation, fisheries, wildlife and other natural resources can be found in this chapter and in Chapter 4, Environment. September 2004 3·2 I. Rural Leuacv A. Maintaining Rural Lifestyle 1. Rural Area Designation Criteria and Rural Character The criteria set forth in this section were used to draw the boundaries of the Rural Area designated by this plan. R-101 R-102 It is a fundamental objective of the King County Comprehensive Plan to maintain the character of its designated Rural Area. The GMA specifies the rural element of comprehensive plans include measures that apply to rural development and protect the rural character of the area (RCW 36.70A.070(5)). The GMA defines rural character (RCW 36.?0A.030(14)). Rural development can consist of a variety of uses that are consistent with the preservation of rural character and the requirements of the rural element. Rural development does not refer to agriculture or forestry activities that may be conducted in rural areas (RCW 36.?0A.030(15)). In order to implement GMA, it is necessary to define the development patterns that are considered rural, historical or traditional, and do not encourage urban growth or create pressure for urban facilities and service. Therefore, King County's land use regulations and development standards shall protect and enhance the following components of the Rural Area: a. The natural environment, particularly as evidenced by the health of wildlife and fisheries (especially salmon and trout), aquifers used for potable water, surface water bodies including Puget Sound and natural drainage systems and their riparian corridors; b. Commercial and noncommercial farming, forestry, fisheries, mining and cottage industries; c. Historic resources, historical character and continuity including archaeological and cultural sites important to tribes; d. Community small-town atmosphere, safety, and locally owned small businesses; e. Economically and fiscally healthy rural cities and unincorporated towns and neighborhoods with clearly defined identities compatible with adjacent rural, agricultural, forestry and mining uses; f. Regionally significant parks, trails and open space; g. A variety of low-density housing choices compatible with adjacent farming, forestry and mining and not needing urban facilities and services; and h. Traditional rural land uses of a size and scale that blend with historic rural development. The Rural Area designations shown on the King County Comprehensive Plan Land Use Map include areas that are rural in character and meet one or more of the following criteria: a. Opportunities exist for significant commercial or noncommercial farming and forestry (large-scale farms and forest lands are designated as Natural Resource Lands); 3-3 September 2004 b. The area will help buffer nearby Natural Resource Lands from conflicting urban uses; c. The area is contiguous to other lands in the Rural Area, Natural Resource Lands or large, predominantly environmentally sensitive areas; d. There are major physical barriers to providing urban services at reasonable cost, or such areas will help foster more logical boundaries for urban public services and infrastructure; e. The area is not needed for the foreseeable future that is well beyond the 20-year forecast period to provide capacity for population or employment growth; I. The area has outstanding scenic, historic, environmental, resource or aesthetic values that can best be protected by a Rural Area designation; or g. Significant environmental constraints make the area generally unsuitable for intensive urban development. The Rural Area is comprised of all lands in King County outside of the designated Urban Growth Area (UGA), and not including the designated Forest and Agricultural Production Districts. The Rural Area is generally located east of the UGA, with the exception of the rural cities and their UGAs, and also includes the entirety of Vashon-Maury Islands. Within the Rural Area, three land use categories are applied: Rural, allowing low-density residential development, forestry, farming, and a range of traditional rural uses; Rural Town, recognizing historical settlement patterns and allowing commercial uses to serve rural residents; and Rural Neighborhood, allowing small-scale convenience services for nearby rural residents. While the GMA, the Countywide Planning Policies and King County's policies and regulations call for protecting the Rural Area by limiting housing densities, there are many other features besides density that characterize the Rural Area. Some of the most important features include: integration of housing with traditional rural uses such as forestry, farming and keeping of livestock; protection of streams, wetlands and wildlife habitat; preservation of open vistas, wooded areas and scenic roadways; and reliance on minimal public services. King County is committed to maintaining these features as well, and the policies in this chapter call for continuing and expanding upon these efforts. R-103 King County's Rural Area is considered to be permanent and shall not be redesignated to an Urban Growth Area until reviewed pursuant to the Growth Management Act (RCW 36.70A.130(3)) and Countywide Planning Policy FW-1. 2. Rural Resources The Rural Area contains working farms and forests which contribute to healthy resource-based industries. For example, Rural Area forestlands provide an important part of rural character, add to the diversity and self-sufficiency of local economies and contribute to open space, wildlife habitat and environmental quality. However, Rural Area land in farm and forest use has significantly diminished since 1 985, mostly through the conversion of these lands to residential uses. Pressures to convert from resource use include opportunities for significant profits based on alternative uses, and the encroachment of residential and other development that conflicts with the resource use. Although most of King County's best farming and timberlands are within designated Resource Production Districts, there is a significant land base for agriculture and forestry in the Rural Area. King County has studied this land base and has identified rural forest areas where forestry will be enhanced and protected. Special efforts to conserve the forest land base in particular are necessary. Farming uses are adequately protected by rural zoning, but could be additionally supported by incentive programs and possibly the Transfer of Development Rights program. September 2004 3-4 R-104 Farming and forestry are vital to the preservation of rural areas and should be encouraged throughout the Rural Area. King County should encourage the retention of existing and establishment of new rural resource-based uses, with appropriate site management that protects habitat resources. King County's regulation of farming and forestry in the Rural Area should be consistent with these guiding principles: a. Homeowner covenants for new subdivisions and short subdivisions in the Rural Area should not restrict farming and forestry; b. Agricultural and silvicultural management practices should not be construed as public nuisances when carried on in compliance with applicable regulations, even though they may impact nearby residences; and c. County environmental standards for forestry and agriculture should protect environmental quality, especially in relation to water and fisheries resources, while encouraging forestry and farming. R-105 Uses related to and appropriate for the Rural Area include those relating to farming, forestry, mineral extraction, and fisheries such as the raising of livestock, growing of crops, sale of agricultural products; small-scale cottage industries; and recreational uses that rely on a rural location are also appropriate. 3. The Rural Economy An economic development strategy for the Rural Area can support and advance the unique characteristics of rural King County. It is critically important for the Rural Area to sustain the farming and forestry industries. The strategy needs to recognize the role of home businesses and industries as well as a range of other businesses and economic clusters that can be compatible with rural lifestyles and the rural character of the area. Rural economic development means maintaining and, where possible, increasing the flow of income to rural households and revenues to rural businesses and families. R-106 R-107 King County recognizes and supports home occupations, home industries, and other.small businesses that provide services to rural residents and are part of traditional rural economic activities and lifestyles found in King County's Rural Area. The county shall review its regulations and programs to preserve this component of the County's Rural Area. The Executive shall provide this analysis of the regulations and programs, along with any recommended code changes, for review by the King County Council by December 31, 2005. King County shall develop and implement a rural economic development strategy, which shall be consistent with the character and service levels of the Rural Area. The strategy shall be developed in coordination with the Rural Forest Commission, the Agricultural Commission, interested rural citizens, and other stakeholders. This strategy shall be transmitted to the King County Council by December 31, 2005, and shall include the following components: a. Identification of rural economic development policies, goals, objectives and implementation tools necessary to bring income to the businesses and residents of rural King County within the strictures of GMA; b. Establishment of an action plan that will identify roles, expected outcomes, milestones and schedules; 3.5 September 2004 c. Assessment of the strengths, weaknesses, challenges and opportunities faced by the King County rural economy; d. Inventory of the existing supply of commercial and industrial lands in the Rural Area and an assessment of its sufficiency over the 20-year planning horizon; e, Identification of the types of businesses that should be encouraged and supported in rural areas; f. Identification of current obstacles to overall rural economic development as well as impediments to the location or expansion of favored industries that are consistent with rural character; g. Identification of the implementation tools capable of supporting and encouraging the retention, expansion and relocation of favored businesses; and h. Consistency with and in support of the APD and the FPD. B. Forestry in the Rural Area In 1995, King County worked with citizens and property owners to identify rural lands that were currently being farmed, and rural lands that remained in a relatively forested state or were appropriate for small-scale forestry uses. The lands were designated as Rural Farm Districts and Rural Forest Districts, respectively. The King County Comprehensive Plan called for using regulations and incentives to maintain land in the districts in large parcels, and to maintain and encourage continued farming and forestry activities. The 1996 Farm and Forest Report recommended a series of actions to protect the rural farm and forest land base as well as the practices of farming and forestry, including the provision of technical assistance to aid property owners in land management, outreach to owners of properties vulnerable to development, creating opportunities for property owners to sell their development rights, and seeking funding for public acquisition of rural resource lands. The report also recommended the continuance of the King County Agricultural Commission, and the appointment of a Rural Forest Commission to review the impact of proposed regulations on rural forestry and recommend incentive programs. Since 1996, King County has been actively implementing the recommendations of the Rural Farm and Forest Report through the Forestry Program. Throughout the Rural Area, King County encourages small-scale forestry and land stewardship through a variety of land owner incentive and community-based programs that: a. Promote forest stewardship through education and technical assistance programs, such as the Washington State Department of Natural Resources and the King County Cooperative Extension Forest Stewardship Programs; b. Provide technical assistance and information to landowner groups and community associations seeking to implement land/water stewardship, habitat restoration and management plans; c. Create opportunities and incentives for voluntary, cooperative management of woodlots and open space currently in separate ownership; d. Offer technical assistance and information to landowners who are interested in managing their forest for nontimber specialty forest products; and e. Explore opportunities for providing relief from special levies and assessments. R-108 The preservation of forest land and forestry throughout the Rural Area shall remain a priority for King County. Landowner incentive programs, technical assistance, permit assistance, regulatory actions and community-based education shall be used throughout the Rural Area to sustain the forest land base and forestry activities. The Forestry Program will continue to evaluate additional ways to conserve rural resource lands and encourage forestry. In addition, King County has identified properties for acquisition, and has September 2004 3·6 worked in partnership with other jurisdictions and citizen groups to match high priority sites with funding sources for permanent conservation. As of 2000, King County has purchased two significant forest properties, the 1700-acre Taylor Mountain Forest and the 320-acre Ring Hill Forest. The 313-acre Mitchell Hill Forest has been permanently preserved through the transfer of development credits from Mitchell Hill to the City of Issaquah. An additional 725 acres of rural forest land east of Ames Lake and at Sugarloaf Mountain have been permanently protected. The Rural Forest Commission was appointed in 1998, and continues to work diligently to develop new funding and incentive ideas for forest conservation. The commission recommended the Rural Forest Districts be refined to provide a focus to those areas where the greatest opportunities exist for retention of large, contiguous blocks of forest, and that these areas be called "Rural Forest Focus Areas." The Rural Forest Focus Areas replace the Rural Forest Districts. While economic incentive programs and technical assistance are available to all property owners in the Rural Area interested in pursuing small-scale forestry, special efforts to maintain forest cover and the practice of sustainable forestry are warranted where there are opportunities to sustain large, contiguous blocks of rural forest. The Agricultural and Forest Lands map identifies such areas as Rural Forest Focus Areas, and notes the locations and boundaries of each focus area. R-109 R-110 Rural Forest Focus Areas are identified geographic areas where special efforts are necessary and feasible to maintain forest cover and the practice of sustainable forestry. King County shall target funding, when available, new economic incentive programs, regulatory actions and additional technical assistance to the identified Rural Forest Focus Areas. Strategies specific to each Rural Forest Focus Area shall be developed, employing the combination of incentive and technical assistance programs best suited to each focus area. The Rural Forest Focus Areas should be maintained in parcels of 20 acres or more in order to retain large, contiguous blocks of rural forest. Regulations or incentives should seek to achieve a maximum density of one home per 20 acres. C. Farming in the Rural Area The 1996 Farm and Forest Report provided a series of strategies tor conserving farmland and sustaining farming within the designated Agricultural Production District where the prime agricultural soils are found, and recognized that there are also areas outside the APD where meaningful agricultural practices continue. The report identified areas where lands were in dairy or crop production and enrolled in the current use taxation program, determined that the low- density zoning in place in these areas was sufficient to protect the land base, and recommended that landowner incentive programs be focussed there as well. R-111 The county should develop specific incentives to encourage agricultural activities in the remaining prime farmlands located outside the Agricultural Production District. These incentives could include tax credits, expedited permit review, reduced permit fees, permit exemptions for activities complying with best management practices, assistance with agricultural waste management or similar programs. 3-7 September 2004 D. Equestrian Communities King County recognizes the contributions of equestrian livestock husbandry, training, competition and recreation activities to the overall rural quality of life in King County. As growth occurs, open land to sustain livestock and existing or potential trail segments may be lost to uncoordinated land development and road improvements. Also, ESA requirements may limit livestock management choices and the location of new equestrian facilities on land constrained by large riparian corridors. The equestrian community designation in the Non-Motorized Transportation Plan is based on the presence of some or all these factors in portions of King County's Rural Areas: a. Proximity to a regional-level trail, designated by the State of Washington, King County or a city, that is accessible to horses; b. Tracts of land on which horseback riding is formally sanctioned or to which equestrian access traditionally has been granted; c. Concentrations of residential lots or acreage on which horses are kept; d. Commercial or noncommercial stables, riding schools and arenas; e. Supporting industries including but not limited to tack shops, feed stores or veterinarians; and f. Riding or homeowner associations that promote equestrian activities. While equestrian uses are permitted throughout the Rural Area, the Equestrian Communities Map identifies those areas where continued equestrian uses are particularly supported and provides a way for rural communities and the county to coordinate various actions to help equestrian activities remain sustainable in King County. R-112 King County should support the identified equestrian communities in the Rural Area by providing facilities on King County rights-of-way where not in conflict with the terms of utility easements to accommodate horse travel, by maintaining equestrian links, including multiple-use trails, where appropriate, and by adoption of supportive land use regulations for use of these areas for horsekeeping. King County will work with local communities to identify and protect multiple use trails and other public.trails in the identified Equestrian Communities that support horse travel within the Rural Area. R-113 Soft-surface multiple-use trails in corridors separate from road rights-of-way are the preferred option for equestrian travel for safety reasons and to avoid conflicts with residential activities associated with the street. Existing off- road trails should be preserved during site development, with relocation as appropriate to accommodate development while maintaining trail connections. The King County Road Design Standards shall be revised, with input from representatives of the equestrian community, to accommodate safe equestrian travel within road rights-of-way. Where appropriate, capital improvement programs for transportation and park facilities shall also enable the use of new facilities by equestrians. Construction standards for multiple- use nonmotorized trails to be established in road rights-of-way within identified equestrian communities should assure a minimum eight-foot-wide gravel shoulder, or provide a trail separated from the driving lanes by a ditch or other barrier. Construction standards for soft-surface multiple-use nonmotorized trails in corridors separate from road rights-of-way shall be consistent with current trail construction and maintenance practices as promulgated by the U.S. Forest Service. R-114 King County's land use regulations should protect rural equestrian community trails.by supporting preservation of equestrian trail links in Equestrian Communities, protection of livestock from intrusions from residential development, and encouraging subdivision layouts that preserve September 2004 3-8 R-115 R-116 opportunities for keeping of horses. Representatives of the equestrian community shall be given the opportunity to_review and monitor regulatory and programmatic actions by King County, such as rural area development regulations, that have the potential to affect equestrian uses. Equestrian trails should be recognized as "linear parks" for purposes of the county's Public Benefit Rating System. County departments negotiating trades or sales of county land shall determine whether any historically established trails exist on the property, and assure that those trails are retained or replaced to assure that key linkages to regional systems are not lost as a condition of the trade or sale. 3.9 September 2004 11. Boni Densities and Develoa•ent A. Rural Growth Forecast The GMA requires most new growth to be accommodated in Urban Growth Areas (UGA), yet growth may be permitted outside the UGA provided it is not urban in character. The Rural Area is not expected to accommodate large amounts of growth and allows for low-density residential development and other traditional rural uses. The GMA requires that rural development be contained and controlled to ensure the protection of rural character, assure the visual compatibility of rural development with the surrounding rural area, protect environmentally sensitive areas and habitat and protect against conflicts with natural resource uses such as farming, forestry and mining. In 2002, the Growth Management Planning Council adopted urban area targets to accommodate the 2022 countywide population projections supplied by the state. These urban targets assumed a rural area forecast of an additional 6,000 housing units during the period 2001 to 2022. No attempt has been made to allocate this rural forecast to subareas of rural King County. Since adoption of King County's initial comprehensive plan under GMA in 1994, annual building permit activity in the Rural Area has continued to drop to an average of approximately 570 new building permits per year for the period 1999-2002. Application of new zoning measures and other regulatory tools have also helped to reduce subdivision activity, but if the current rate of 570 new homes per year continues, the Rural Area could be built out to its full capacity within 20 years of the date of this plan. The application of lower-density zoning or more restrictive standards could reduce the creation of new lots, but there are limited opportunities to address development of existing legal lots. One measure that would slow the growth rate on existing lots would be the establishment of an annual limit on the number of building permits to be issued in the Rural Area. This alternative would be more palatable if it were linked to a transfer of development rights program or a development rights purchase program. R-201 B. A low growth rate is desirable for the Rural Area, including Rural Towns, to comply with the State Growth Management Act, prevent sprawl and the overburdening of rural services, reduce the need for capital expenditures for rural roads, maintain rural character and protect the environment. King County shall focus its resources on the unincorporated Urban Area until such time that these areas become part of cities. All possible tools may be used to limit growth in the Rural Area. Appropriate tools include land use designations, development regulations, level-of-service standards and incentives. Residential Densities The low-density residential living choices available in the Rural Area provide an important part of the variety of housing options for King County residents. The residential land use policies in this section, together with their implementing regulations, strike a balance between making rural housing available to those who desire a rural way of life and keeping densities and the number of housing units low enough so they can be supported by a rural level of public facilities and services, be September 2004 3-10 compatible with nearby commercial and noncommercial farming and forestry and prevent or significantly reduce adverse impacts of development on the natural environment. These policies and implementing regulations could allow 14,000 to 24,000 more housing units at ultimate buildout in addition to the roughly 58,000 residences existing in the designated Rural Area in 2000. The Transfer of Development Rights Program will help reduce development capacity in the Rural Area, and King County should continue to seek other programs that provide economic incentives for property owners to voluntarily limit residential development of their land. R-202 Residential development in the Rural Area should occur as follows: a. In Rural Towns at a variety of densities and housing types, compatible with maintenance of historic resources and community character; and b. Outside Rural Towns at low densities compatible with traditional rural character and uses, farming, forestry, mining and rural service levels. The use of land and the density of development (measured as the number of homes or other structures per acre or per square mile of land) are key determinants and contributors to the character of the Rural Area, as described above in Section A. While human settlement of King County's Rural Area has a wide variety of uses and densities, both the historical and desirable range of uses and densities defined here are necessarily narrower and less intense than that found in the Urban Area. Residential development at very low densities (including the land for accessory uses, on-site sewage disposal and local water supply) consumes or will consume most of the land in the Rural Area. Residential density may be the single, most important factor in. protecting or destroying rural character that can be influenced by government policies and regulations. Low overall densities in the Rural Area will be achieved through very large minimum lot sizes or limited clustering at the same average densities when facilities and services permit (for example, soil conditions allow on-site sewage disposal on smaller lots). The Rural Area cannot be a significant source of affordable housing for King County residents, but it will contain diverse housing opportunities through a mix of large lots, clustering, existing smaller lots and higher densities in rural cities and Rural Towns, as services permit. Future development in the Rural Area will, to a great extent, be controlled by the availability of transportation concurrency. Concurrency certificates are issued only to proposed developments that meet strict level of service standards. In the Rural Area, this standard is an average volume/capacity ratio of 0.69 during the afternoon peak period. Many of the traffic zones in the Rural Area are near or already out of compliance; therefore proposed subdivisions are being denied concurrency certificates. In the Transportation Chapter, policies prevent the construction of road projects in the Rural Area for the purpose of increasing road capacity, meaning that these zones will remain out of compliance. R-203 R-204 The Rural Area should have low residential densities that can be sustained by minimal infrastructure improvements such as septic systems and rural roads, cause minimal environmental degradation and impacts to significant historic resources, and that will not cumulatively create the future necessity or expectation of urban levels of services. Concurrency certificates for proposed new subdivisions in the Rural Area shall not be issued if trips generated by such subdivisions would exceed rural transportation level-of-service standards. Rural area residential densities shall be applied in accordance with Policies R-205 -R-209. Individual zone reclassifications are discouraged and should not be allowed in the Rural Area. Property owners seeking individual zone reclassifications should demonstrate compliance with R-205 through R-209. 3-11 September 2004 Although King County designated Resource Lands and zoned extensive portions of its territory as Agricultural Production Districts or Forestry Production, very low residential densities adjacent to Resource Lands are essential to minimize land use conflicts. In addition, a significant part of the Rural Area land base is still used for farming or forestry uses. Therefore, suitability of lands for continuing resource uses and proximity to designated Natural Resource Lands will be important considerations in applying the lower rural densities. R-205 R-206 R-207 R-208 A residential density of one home per 20 acres or 10 acres shall be achieved through regulatory and incentive programs on lands in the Rural Area that are managed for forestry or farming respectively, and are found to qualify for a Rural Forest Focus Area designation in accordance with Policy R-109. A residential density of one home per 1 O acres shall be applied in the Rural Area where: a. The lands are adjacent to or within one-quarter mile of designated Agricultural Production Districts, the Forest Production District or legally approved long-term mineral resource extraction sites; or b. The lands contain significant environmentally constrained areas as defined by county ordinance, policy or federal or state law, or regionally significant resource areas or substantial critical habitat as determined by legislatively approved basin plans or Watershed Resource Inventory Area Plans; and c. The predominant lot size is greater than or equal to 1 O acres in size. For Vashon-Maury Island, a residential density of one home per 10 acres: a. Shall be maintained on areas zoned RA-10 as of 1994 to help protect community character and reduce adverse impacts on the island's infrastructure; and b. Shall be applied to areas with a predominant lot size of 10 acres or greater and mapped as category I Critical Aquifer Recharge Areas. A residential density of one home per 5 acres shall be applied in the Rural Area where: a. The land is physically suitable for development with minimal environmentally sensitive features or critical habitat as determined by legislatively adopted watershed based plans; b. Development can be supported by rural services; c. The land does not meet the criteria in this plan for lower density designations; and d. The predominant lot size is less than 1 O acres. Although King County intends to retain low residential densities in the Rural Area, residential development has occurred in the past on a wide variety of lot sizes. Both existing homes on small lots and rural infill on vacant, small lots contribute to the variety of housing choices in the Rural Area. In some cases, however, rural-level facilities and services (e.g. on-site sewage disposal, individual water supply systems) may not permit development of the smallest vacant lots. The effect of Policy R-209 is to recognize that some of the Rural Area has already been subdivided at a density greater than one lot per five acres (for example, parts of the shoreline of Vashon Island), but not to allow more than one home per five acres on unplatted acreage. Zoning to implement policies R-206 through R-209 has been applied through subarea and local plans and area zoning maps. R-209 The RA-2.5 zone has generally been applied to rural areas with an existing pattern of lots below five acres in size that were created prior to the adoption of the 1994 Comprehensive Plan. These smaller lots may still be developed individually or combined, provided that applicable standards for sewage September 2004 3-12 disposal, environmental protection, water supply, roads and rural fire protection can be met. A subdivision at a density of one home per 2.5 acres shall only be permitted through the transfer of development credits from property in the designated Rural Forest Focus Areas. The site receiving the density must be approved as a Transfer of Development Rights receiving site in accordance with the King County Code. Properties on Vashon-Maury Islands shall not be eligible as receiving sites. Accessory dwelling units provide opportunities for affordable housing, on-site housing for workers and caretakers, housing for extended family members, and rental income for landowners. However, detached accessory dwelling units function similarly to separate homes on separate lots, and should be treated as such. When a subdivision is proposed for a property that already has a house and a detached accessory dwelling unit, the house and accessory dwelling unit shall count as two units. For example, on an RA-5 zoned 20 acre parcel, which could be subdivided into four lots, the existing primary dwelling and the accessory unit in a separate building shall count as two of the four units allowed on the site. R-21 O Accessory dwelling units in structures detached from the primary dwelling shall be counted as a separate dwelling unit for the purpose of lot calculations under the zoning in place at the time of a proposed subdivision. R-211 The King County Residential Density Incentive Program shall not be available for development in the Rural zones. C. Transfer of Development Rights Program The Growth Management Act encourages the use of innovative techniques for land use management. King County has a long tradition of using innovative techniques, including programs promoting transfers of development rights, to achieve land management goals such as those stated above. To that end, King County promotes the transfer of development rights from land valuable to the public, especially rural and resource areas, to land better able to accommodate growth. The Transfer of Development Rights (TDR) Program allows landowners to voluntarily achieve an economic return on their property while maintaining it in forestry, farming, habitat or parks and open space in perpetuity. It also increases housing opportunities in the Urban Area where urban services and infrastructure can accommodate additional growth. R-212 R-213 R-214 As an innovative means to permanently preserve private lands with countywide public benefit, to encourage higher densities in appropriate areas and reduce residential development capacity in Rural Forest Focus Areas, King County shall continue efforts to implement an effective and focused transfer of development rights program. The top priority of the voluntary Transfer of Development Rights Program is to reduce development in the Rural Area by encouraging the transfer of development rights from private rural lands into the Urban Growth Area. Transfers may also be made to rural sites that have RA 2.5 zoning. King County supports and shall work actively to facilitate the transfer of rural development rights to: a. Preserve the rural environment, encourage retention of resource-based uses and reduce service demands in the Rural Area; b. Provide permanent protection to significant natural resources; and c. Increase the regional open space system. 3-13 September 2004 R-215 R-216 R-217 R-218 To promote transfers of development rights, King County shall facilitate the transfers from private property owners with sending sites to property owners with receiving sites, buy and sell development rights through the King County Transfer of Development Rights (TOR) Bank, and work with cities to develop interlocal agreements that encourage transfers of development rights into cities and within adopted appropriations. Public amenity funding to enhance the livability of incorporated area receiving site neighborhoods accepting increased densities shall also be part of the program. King County should actively solicit large landowners, within incorporated areas, to purchase development rights from the TOR bank. Private properties qualified as sending sites shall provide a permanently protected area of sufficient size to provide public benefit. Priority candidates for sending sites are: a. Lands contributing to the protection of endangered and threatened species; b. Rural Forest Focus Areas; c. Lands that are suitable for inclusion in and provide important links to the regional open space system; or d. Agricultural and Forest Production District lands. Transfers of development rights may be made to receiving sites as follows: a. Rural areas zoned RA-2.5 may receive transfers of development rights from the Rural Forest Focus Areas. b. Unincorporated urban areas and incorporated cities may receive transfers of development rights. Preferences should be given for locations within designated urban centers, or adjacent to transit stations and park and ride lots. Transfers to incorporated areas shall be detailed in an interlocal agreement between the city and county. Development Rights Calculations a. Development rights transferred from Rural Forest Focus Areas to the Urban Area shall be calculated on a basis of 1 credit for each 5 acres of site area. b. If a portion of a sending site is being retained for development, the subsequent development must be clustered, and the tract preserved with a permanent conservation easement shall be larger than the developed portion. In the case of lands within the Rural Forest Focus Areas, no more than one dwelling unit per 20 acres shall be retained, and the tract preserved with a conservation easement shall be at least 15 acres in size. R-219 Following the transfer of development rights from a sending site, a conservation_easement documenting the transfers shall be recorded and notice placed on the title of the sending site parcel. R-220 King County should increase funding for urban area amenties and the TOR bank and seek private and other public funding to strengthen the TOR program and facilitate the transfer of development rights from the Rural Area in order to preserve the rural environment, encourage retention of rural resource-based uses and avoid urban service demands in the Rural Area. King County should pursue public or private partnerships and bond or levy proposals for additional TOR bank funding to target threatened private rural September 2004 3-14 or resource lands. Rights purchased through such a program could be sold into any appropriate urban location. D. Nonresidential Uses While low-density residential development, farming and forestry are the primary uses in the Rural Area, some compatible public and private uses are appropriate and contribute to rural character. Compatible uses might include small, neighborhood churches, feed and grain stores, and home occupations such as small day care facilities or veterinary services. In addition, it may be necessary to locate some public facilities in rural areas, such as utility installations that serve rural homes. Any allowed nonresidential uses should be designed to blend with rural residential development and resource uses. R-221 R-222 Nonresidential uses in the Rural Area shall be limited to those that: a. Provide convenient local services for nearby residents; b. Require location in a Rural Area; c. Support natural resource-based industries; d. Provide adaptive reuse of significant historic resources; or e. Provide recreational opportunities that are compatible with the surrounding Rural Area. These uses shall be sited, sized and landscaped to complement rural character as defined in policy R-101, prevent impacts to the environment and function with rural services including on-site wastewater disposal. Golf facilities shall be permitted when located outside of Rural Forest Focus Areas, Regionally Significant Resource Areas and Locally Significant Resource Areas, as a conditional use, in the RA-2.5 and RA-5 zones. The service area of most schools in the Rural Area is large and relatively sparsely populated. Placing schools in rural cities or Rural Towns allows them to be served with urban-level utilities and fire protection and to be used efficiently for other community activities. R-223 R-224 R-225 In the Rural Area, elementary schools may locate where required to serve neighborhoods. New middle/junior high schools and high schools and school facilities are encouraged to locate in rural cities or unincorporated Rural Towns. In reviewing proposals for middle/junior high and high schools and school facilities outside rural cities or Rural Towns, King County should ensure that any approved project will not stimulate local demand for urban- level services. In order to support the availability of public facilities and services for educational purposes, public schools and public school facilities may exceed nonresidential development standards as provided for by county code, shall comply at a minimum with applicable surface water design manual standards and may be provided with public sewer services in accordance with Policy F-249. Small airfields beyond those already established in the Rural Area should not be permitted, due to their cumulative impacts on air traffic and nearby uses. Library services for the Rural Area should be provided by bookmobiles, or by libraries in Rural Towns or rural cities. 3-15 September 2004 E. Character/Development Standards The aesthetic qualities and character of the Rural Area depend on a combination of factors, including low densities; a high ratio of undeveloped or undisturbed soil and natural or crop vegetation to development, such as roads and structures; historic buildings and landscapes; and minimal development standards, public facilities and services beyond those needed for environmental protection and basic public health and safety. R-226 R-227 R-228 R-229 R-230 New subdivisions in the Rural Area should strive to maintain the size and scale of traditional development patterns and rural character. New subdivisions in the Rural Area should be designed and developed to maximize preservation of existing forest cover and native vegetation, and to minimize impervious surfaces within individual lots and in the subdivision as a whole. King County shall develop additional site design standards for new subdivisions that further reduce the impacts of new homes in the Rural Area on the natural environment, resource uses and other adjacent land uses. Site design standards for new subdivisions in the Rural Area should include: minimization of paved surfaces; limitations on entrance signage; preservation of natural contours, existing meadows and opportunities for keeping of horses; and other standards to limit features typical of urban or suburban development. Rural residential development adjacent to Agricultural and Forest Production Districts shall be sited to minimize interference with activities related to resource uses. Residences next to Forest Production Districts shall be built with greater setbacks from the Forest Production District boundaries for safety and to reduce nuisance complaints. To maintain traditional rural development patterns and assure continued opportunities for resource activities in the Rural Area, large lot development is preferred in the Rural Area. Clustering of lots is permitted when: a. The development provides equal or greater protection of the natural environment, Natural Resource Lands, historic resources or archaeological sites; b. Clusters are limited in size to be compatible with surrounding large lots or nearby agricultural and forestry uses; c. The clustered development is offset with a permanent resource land tract preserved for forestry or agriculture, as designated by the owner at time of subdivision or short subdivision, or a permanent open space tract. Under no circumstances shall the tract be reserved for future development; and d. The development can be served by rural facility and service levels (such as on-site sewage disposal and rural fire protection). Low-density development in the Rural Area will have different residential street needs from those in the Urban Growth Area. Densities and travel demand in the Rural Area are very low and road maintenance is a proportionately greater per capita cost than in the Urban Growth Area. Rural streets and roads outside Rural Towns generally will have no more than two travel lanes, no curbs or sidewalks and feature unpaved shoulders and open drainage ditches. Local access streets for residential subdivisions will constitute a significant proportion of the site disturbance and impervious surface associated with new development in the Rural Area and therefore must take the environment into consideration equally with traffic flow and vehicular access. September 2004 3-16 R-231 Rural development standards shall be established to protect the natural environment by addressing seasonal and maximum clearing limits, impervious surface limits, surface water management standards that emphasize preservation of natural drainage systems and water quality, groundwater protection, and resource-based practices. These standards should be designed to provide appropriate exceptions for lands that are to be developed for kindergarten through twelfth grade public schools and school facilities, provided that the school project shall comply at a minimum with the requirements of the King County Surface Water Design Manual. F. Sustainable Development Additional policies on sustainable development are located in Chapter 2. R-232 King County shall encourage, support and promote the application of sustainable development practices in all private sector development within the Rural Area. G. Low-Impact Development Current development practices can adversely impact water resources. Low-impact development (LID) is a new approach to land development that works to match a site's natural hydrologic function by protecting and enhancing native vegetation and soils, reducing impervious surface and managing stormwater at the source. These techniques are well suited to development in rural residential zoned areas. R-233 King County should work with residential builders and developers to encourage the use of low-impact development practices that protect native vegetation and soils and reduce impervious surface. King County should promote preservation of native vegetation and soils on rural-residential zoned parcels to the maximum extent practicable. Dispersion of runoff from impervious surfaces into native vegetation in accordance with the Surface Water Design Manual should be the preferred method of stormwater management in the Rural Area. 3·17 September 2004 111. aural Public Facilities and! Service The policies below set forth King County's general approach to providing services and setting facility standards for the Rural Area and provide guidance for siting those facilities that require Rural Area locations. See Chapter Six, Transportation, and Chapter Seven, Facilities and Utilities, for more detailed policies on specific facilities and services such as roads, on-site sewage treatment and disposal systems and water supply. In order to focus growth within the Urban Growth Area, financial resources must be prioritized to develop and maintain sufficient urban infrastructure and services in the UGA to accommodate that growth. Further, the presence of a high level of public infrastructure and services has been demonstrated to create pressure for new growth. For example, the taxpayer-supported road network constructed in eastern King County over the last twenty to thirty years has been the greatest source of growth pressure in the rural and natural resources area. To use financial resources efficiently and reduce growth pressure in the Rural Area, King County will not provide an urban level of infrastructure and services to the Rural Area. Chapter 6, Transportation and Chapter 7, Facilities and Utilities, clarify King County priorities for transportation and other facility improvements in the rural and natural resource areas. R-301 R-302 King County shall work with cities and other agencies providing services to the Rural Area to adopt standards for facilities and services in the Rural Area that protect basic public health and safety and the environment, but are financially supportable at rural densities and do not encourage urban development. Public spending priorities for facilities and services within the Rural Area should be as follows: a. First, to maintain existing facilities and services that protect public health and safety; and b. Second, to upgrade facilities and services when needed to correct level- of-service deficiencies without unnecessarily creating additional capacity for new growth. R-303 In the Rural Area, standards and plans for utility service should be consistent with long-term, low-density development and resource industries. Utility facilities that serve the Urban Growth Area but must be located in the Rural Area (for example, a pipeline from a municipal watershed) should be designed, and scaled to serve primarily the Urban Growth Area. Sewers needed to serve previously established urban "islands," rural cities or Rural Towns or new or existing public schools or public school facilities, shall be tightlined and have access restrictions precluding service to the Rural Area. September 2004 3-18 • IV. Rural Cities, Towns and. Neighborhoods Rural cities and unincorporated Rural Towns within the Rural Area contribute to variety in development patterns and housing choices and provide employment opportunities, retail shopping and other services to nearby residents. These cities and towns also contain a significant portion of King County's historic architecture and are the primary locations for nonresidential uses in the Rural Area. Rural King County also contains several small Rural Neighborhoods, which provide limited, local convenience shopping. A. Rural Cities King County's rural cities are incorporated areas whose local governments are involved in the region's planning processes on an equal legal basis with the suburban cities and Seattle. The incorporated rural cities are Black Diamond, Carnation, Duvall, Enumclaw, North Bend, Skykomish and Snoqualmie. The Growth Management Act stipulates that rural cities and their Urban Growth Areas are to be treated as part of the Urban Growth Area. The Countywide Planning Policies also provide for urban land uses and densities and urban services in those locations. Excessive growth in rural cities and Rural Towns, however, may create pressure for extending urban services (for example, roads) across the Rural Area or Natural Resource Lands, may increase conversion pressure on nearby Natural Resource Lands and adversely affect rural character. Therefore, King County views rural cities as qualitatively different from the Urban Growth Area as a whole, even though they may provide significant opportunities for residential or employment growth. King County has worked with the rural cities to establish Urban Growth Areas to accommodate growth. These areas are shown as part of the Urban Growth Area on the Comprehensive Plan Land Use Map. R-401 The rural, incorporated cities and their Urban Growth Areas shall be considered part of the Urban Growth Area for purposes of planning land uses and facility needs. King County should work with rural cities to encourage the provision of affordable housing, to minimize the impacts of new development on the surrounding rural land and to plan for growth consistent with long-term protection of significant historic resources, the surrounding Rural Area and Natural Resource Lands. R-402 Within Rural City Urban Growth Areas, the following uses shall be permitted until the area annexes to the city: a. Residential development at a density of 1 home per 5 acres or less with mandatory clustering; and b. Nonresidential development such as commercial and industrial as determined through previous subarea plans. B. Rural Towns Rural Towns are unincorporated towns governed directly by King County, but may provide a focal point for community groups such as chambers of commerce or community councils to participate in public affairs. 3·19 September 2004 The purposes of the Rural Town designation are to recognize existing concentrations of higher density and economic activity in Rural Areas, whether by virtue of historical rural settlements or redesignation of an urban commercial center; provide a physical focus for the historic identity of rural communities; and to allow for modest growth of residential and economic uses within these designations if supported by the community and adequate utilities and other public services are available. Although higher-density development in Rural Towns may require public sewers, applying the full range of urban development standards (e.g. for street improvements or landscaping) may not be necessary, and may not be consistent with the historic character of these communities. Although Rural Towns also may in some circumstances develop at densities similar to those in the Urban Growth Area or in rural cities, they are considered part of the Rural Area for purposes of the GMA, do not provide significant growth capacity, and are not subject to the growth targets adopted for the UGA. R-403 R-404 R-405 King County hereby designates the Rural Towns of Fall City, Snoqualmie Pass and the Town of Vashon as unincorporated Rural Towns. These historical settlements in unincorporated King County should provide services and a range of housing choices for Rural Area residents. The boundaries of the designated Rural Towns are shown on the Comprehensive Plan Land Use Map. Adjustments to these boundaries shall only occur through a subarea planning process, and shall not allow significant increases in development potential or environmental impacts. No new Rural Towns are needed to serve the Rural Area. Commercial and industrial development that provides employment, shopping, and community and human services that strengthen the fiscal and economic health of rural communities should locate in Rural Towns if utilities and other services permit. Rural Towns may contain higher-density housing than permitted in the surrounding Rural Area, and should provide affordable and resource-worker housing if utilities and other services permit. Development density in Rural Towns may approach that achieved in Rural Cities. The policies in this section apply only to the unincorporated Rural Towns. King County encourages rural cities to adopt land use policies and development standards that protect and enhance their historical character. R-406 Rural Towns serve as activity centers for the Rural Area and may be served by range of utilities and services, and may include several or all of the following land uses, if supported by necessary utilities and other services and if scaled and designed to protect rural character: a. Retail, commercial and industrial uses to serve the surrounding Rural Area population and to provide support for resource industries and tourism; b. Residential development, including single-family housing on small lots as well as multifamily housing and mixed-use developments; c. Other commercial and industrial uses, including commercial recreation and light industry; and d. Public facilities and services such as community services, churches, schools, and fire stations. R-407 Sewers may be allowed in Rural Towns if necessary to solve existing water quality and public health problems which cannot be addressed by other September 2004 3-20 • • • .. methods, provided that any extension of sewer mains from urban areas to serve a rural town shall be tightlined systems designed to not serve any intervening lands. All alternatives shall be exhausted before sewers may be allowed. Rural towns shall not be enlarged to facilitate provision of sewers. Rural and urban residents alike value the historic character of King County's Rural Towns. New development can enhance the character and valuable features of Rural Towns through careful design and location. R-408 Rural Towns should be compact, promoting pedestrian and nonmotorized travel while permitting automobile access to most commercial and industrial uses. New development should be designed to strengthen the desirable characteristics and the historic character of the town, be supported by necessary public facilities and services, and be compatible with historic resources and nearby rural or resource uses. New industrial uses should locate where they do not disrupt pedestrian or bicycle traffic in established retail areas of town or conflict with residential uses. C. Rural Neighborhoods Rural neighborhoods are small commercial developments, or in some cases, historic towns or buildings, that are too small to provide more than convenience shopping and services to surrounding residents. They generally do not have services such as water supply or sewage disposal systems any different from those serving surrounding rural development. Examples of rural neighborhoods include the store at Stillwater on the Carnation-Duvall Road, the town of Cumberland on the Enumclaw Plateau, and Preston . R-409 The rural neighborhoods designated on the Comprehensive Plan Land Use Map are small-scale business areas that should provide convenience shopping and services for the surrounding community. No new rural neighborhoods are needed to serve the Rural Area. Expansion of the boundaries of the existing rural neighborhoods shall not be permitted except through the subarea plan process. The designated rural neighborhoods shown on the Land Use map are: Bear Creek: East King County: Cottage Lake and Redmond-Fall City Road/236th NE Greenwater, Baring and Timberlane Village Cumberland, Krain's Corner and Newaukum Coalfield and East Renton Plateau Enumclaw: Newcastle: Snoqualmie: Preston and Stillwater Tahoma/Raven Heights: Maple Valley, Hobart, Ravensdale and North Cedar Grove Road Burton, Dockton, Tahlequah, Portage, Heights Dock, Jack's Corner, Vashon Center, Vashon Service Center, Vashon Heights and Maury Island Service Center Vashon: The policies in this section are based on a recognition of the limited size of most rural neighborhoods, the limited utilities and other services available to them, and a desire to preserve their existing character and relationship to the surrounding rural community. R-410 Rural neighborhoods should accommodate only small-scale retail, community and human services and personal service uses that provide convenience shopping and services to nearby Rural Area residents. If land suitable for residential development is included within the boundaries of a 3-21 September 2004 rural neighborhood, it should be zoned for rural residential development consistent with the residential development policies of this plan. R-411 King County should adopt commercial development standards for rural neighborhoods that facilitate economic reuse of existing structures, minimize increases in impervious surfaces and encourage retention of historic character and scale. Urban-level parking, landscaping and street improvement standards are not appropriate for Rural Neighborhoods. D. Nonresource Industrial Uses and Development Standards in the Rural Area There are two existing industrial areas in the Rural Area containing multiple industrial uses on several sites. One is located within the southwest portion of the Town of Vashon and the second is a designated industrial area adjacent to the rural neighborhood of Preston. The Preston Industrial Area recognizes an existing concentration of industrial uses that contributes to the economic diversity of the Rural Area, but expansion of this industrial area beyond the identified boundaries is not permitted (see policy C-941 ). R-412 New industrial uses in the Rural Area shall be permitted only in Rural Towns and in the designated industrial area adjacent to the Rural Neighborhood of Preston. In order to preserve rural character and protect sensitive natural features, new rural industrial development needs to be of a scale and nature that is distinct from urban industrial development. The scale and intensity and many of the uses allowed in urban industrial development are not appropriate for rural industrial areas. The following policy applies to all new industrial development in the Rural Area. R-413 Development regulations for nonvested industrial development in the Rural Area shall require the following: a. Greater setbacks, and reduced building height, floor/lot ratios, and maximum impervious surface percentage standards in comparison to standards for urban industrial development. b. Maximum protection of sensitive natural features, especially salmonid habitat and water quality. c. Building and landscape design that respects the aesthetic qualities and character of the Rural Area, and provides substantial buffering from the adjoining uses and scenic vistas. d. Building colors and materials that are muted, signs that are not internally illuminated, and site and building lighting that is held to the minimum necessary for safety. e. Heavier industrial uses, nonvested industrial uses producing substantial waste byproducts or wastewater discharge, or nonvested paper, chemical and allied products manufacturing uses in the urban industrial zone shall be prohibited. f. Industrial uses requiring substantial investments in infrastructure such as water, sewers or transportation facilities shall be scaled to avoid the need for public funding of the infrastructure. The intent of this policy is to preclude expansion of the industrial area beyond the identified boundaries and to ensure that new development (not previously constructed or vested) in the industrial area meets rural character standards. Site design, landscaping, design and construction of September 2004 3-22 • • • internal and access roads and building scale should reinforce the set boundaries and rural nature of the industrial area to further discourage future industrial expansion beyond the industrial boundary. There are also existing, isolated industrial sites in the Rural Area which are recognized, but are not appropriate for new industrial uses. Further expansion of these isolated industrial uses is not encouraged, and therefore they are not zoned Industrial. R-414 Existing industrial uses in the Rural Area outside of Rural Towns or the designated industrial area adjacent to the Rural Neighborhood of Preston shall be zoned rural residential but may continue if they qualify as legal, nonconforming uses . 3·23 September 2004 V~. Resource Lands Ensuring Conservation and Productive Use of Natural Resource Lands King County's Natural Resource Lands are those with long-term commercial significance for farming, forestry, and minerals. Products from Natural Resource Lands play an important role in our economy by providing jobs and raw materials such as food, wood, and gravel, and by providing links to our cultural heritage. Responsible stewardship of resource lands produces multiple environmental benefits, such as: • Stream and salmon protection; • Clean air and water; • Wildlife habitat; • Flood prevention; and • Groundwater recharge. Historically, Natural Resource Lands have been poorly protected. For example, only about one- third of the farmland existing in 1945 remains today. The natural resource land base has diminished for many reasons, among them: • Demand for more land for industrial, commercial, and residential structures; • Lack of understanding of natural resource value; • Inconsistent coordination between agencies; • Poor operational practices in some cases; and • Lack of an adequate means to compensate natural resource owners for the many non monetary values their lands provide. Due to this history, King County has taken major steps to conserve and manage agricultural soils and activities, forestry and mining opportunities. Natural Resource Lands and the industries they support are conserved by encouraging development to occur primarily in the Urban Grow1h Area as envisioned by the GMA, which requires new development to be focused primarily in the Urban Grow1h Area. Under this plan, Natural Resource Lands, including designated Agricultural Production Districts, the Forest Production Districts and sites of long-term commercial significance for resource uses, will have minimal new residential and commercial development. New development that does occur will be designed to be compatible with active resource-based uses. This chapter contains King County's strategy for conservation of these valuable Natural Resource Lands and for encouraging their productive and sustainable management. The strategy consists of policies to guide planning, incentives, education, regulation and purchase of development rights. Forest, farm and mineral lands are not King County's only natural resources. Many other resource-based industries, such as the fisheries industry, are influenced by King County's land use and planning policies. Policies for the protection and enhancement of air, water, vegetation, fisheries, wildlife and other natural resources can be found in Chapter Four, Environment. The Rural Forest Commission was established in 1997 to represent the diversity of forest interests in King County. The Commission reviews the development and implementation of strategies, programs, policies and regulations that benefit forestry and advises the county on ways to preserve rural forests and promote rural forestry. September 2004 3-24 R-501 The Rural Forest Commission shall advise the King County Executive and Council on the development of innovative programs, policies and regulations that benefit forestry and that encourage the retention of the forest land base in King County. King County shall continue to support the Rural Forest Commission with staff and other resources. In 1994, the Agriculture Commission was established as a forum for farmers to take an active role in land use decisions, policies and regulations affecting commercial agriculture. The commission solicits input from agricultural agency technical advisors and others with land use and technical expertise, as well as other affected groups such as the Dairy Federation, Native American Tribes, and project proponents. R-502 The Agricultural Commission shall advise the King County Executive and Council on agricultural issues and programs, including, but not limited to: a. Existing and proposed legislation and regulations affecting commercial agriculture; b. Land use issues as they impact agriculture; and c. Ways to maintain, enhance and promote agriculture and agricultural products in the region. King County shall continue to support the Agricultural Commission with staff and other resources. A. Resource Conservation Strategy In 1985, the King County Comprehensive Plan designated five Agricultural Production Districts and the Forest Production District. Subsequent planning efforts established minimum lot sizes and uses for these districts and their surrounding areas. These land use regulations are consistent with the requirements of the GMA to designate productive lands and to plan for adjacent and nearby land uses compatible with long-term commercial farming and forestry. Provisions for extraction of mineral resources are also included, consistent with the requirement of GMA. GMA requires designation of agricultural and forest lands of long-term commercial significance. Agricultural lands of long-term commercial significance are designated as Agricultural Production Districts and forest lands of long-term commercial significance are designated as the Forest Production District as shown on the Agricultural and Forest Lands Map. The GMA also requires designation of mineral resource lands that have long-term significance for the extraction of minerals. Such lands are shown as Designated Mineral Resource Sites on the Mineral Resources Map in this chapter. The role of the Forest Production District in the conservation of mineral resources is also explained below. R-503 R-504 R-505 King County shall promote and support forestry, agriculture, mining and other resource-based industries as a part of a diverse, regional and sustainable economy. Well-managed forestry and agriculture practices are encouraged because of their multiple benefits, including natural resource protection. Farm lands, forest lands and mineral resources shall be conserved for productive use through the use of Designated Agriculture and Forest Production Districts and Designated Mineral Resource Sites where the principal and preferred land uses will be commercial resource management 3-25 September 2004 R-506 R-507 activities, and by the designation of appropriate compatible uses on adjacent rural and urban lands. Land uses, utilities and transportation facilities adjacent to Designated Agriculture and Forest Production Districts and Designated Mineral Resource Sites, shall be sited and designed to ensure compatibility with resource management. King County should facilitate the siting of industries, infrastructure and services that serve and are served by resource-based industries in close proximity to designated Agriculture and Forest Production Districts and Designated Mineral Resource Sites when adverse impacts and incompatibilities can effectively be mitigated. Conflicts with surrounding land uses and environmental problems can arise even with the best of precautions. Resource-based industries need reasonable certainty that operations can continue if activities are performed in an environmentally sound manner. Forest lands and farms provide valuable materials and employment as well as other important functions and values, such as community character, open space and wildlife habitat. These benefits are not without associated costs. Owners of Natural Resource Lands make substantial investments in managing their land. Taxes, fees, labor costs, costs associated with vandalism and market uncertainties can adversely affect the profitability of resource-based industries. Two tax incentive programs exist to encourage continued farm and forest management both within and outside the Forest Production District and Agriculture Production Districts: the Washington State Timber and Forest Lands Program (chapter 84.33 RCW), and the Open Space Tax Program (chapter 84.34 RCW). R-508 R-509 King County should expand access to preferential tax programs to encourage landowners to continue practicing farming and forestry and to help ensure retention of the resource land base. Preferential tax programs for resource uses should be publicized and marketed. Preferential tax programs applied to resource lands are indicative that the investment expectations of the owners are for the lands to be productive as resource lands. The effectiveness of these programs should be monitored and the programs modified as needed. King County shall employ a variety of innovative programs and incentives, tailored to the specific needs of each resource-based industry, to help maintain and enhance resource-based industries. Examples of such techniques could include implementation of a Transfer of Development Rights program, technical assistance and education for sustainable land management, expanded education for urban and suburban residents, expanded purchases of land or development rights, the purchase of scenic easements and other less-than-fee-ownership interests which conserve resource uses, establishment of buffers and setbacks for adjacent properties and relief from special levies and local improvement district fees. When urban development occurs near Natural Resource Lands, conflicts can result. Examples of such conflicts are greater risk of forest fires, vandalism to logging, farm and mining equipment, destruction of young trees and increased mixing of heavy truck and residential traffic, which present safety problems. For these reasons, resource management in or near developed areas often is more costly. September 2004 3-26 ) R-510 King County should develop and employ effective means to inform affected property owners about nearby resource management activities. This may include, but not be limited to: a. Notice on title for properties within five hundred feet of designated agriculture, forestry, and mining lands: b. Signage for the Agricultural Production District, Forest Production District, Rural Forest Focus Areas; and c. Community meetings, and other public notification tools. Natural Resource Lands in King County include privately owned lands in unincorporated areas as well as lands owned and/or managed by city, state and federal agencies and tribes. In addition, a variety of state and federal regulations apply to some resource maintenance, harvesting and extraction operations. Resource conservation efforts, therefore, require a regional perspective and intergovernmental cooperation. R-511 R-512 R-513 R-514 King County shall work cooperatively with cities, federally recogpized tribes, other public agencies, private utilities, resource managers, land owners and citizens to conserve public and private Natural Resource Lands for long-term productivity and environmental protection in a consistent and predictable manner. Designated Forest and Agricultural Production District lands shall not be annexed by cities. King County should establish written agreements with agencies, tribes and other affected parties whose close coordination and collaboration are essential to effective implementation of resource management programs. Such agreements should serve to establish consensus and commitment to achieving specific resource management goals and to define the specific roles and responsibilities of each agency. King County should avoid duplication of federal and state regulations that apply to resource-based industries. However, King County reserves the authority to address issues of local concern with regard to resource-based activities and operations. A resource management strategy that protects the environment is necessary to maintain the long- term productivity of the resource. Chapter Four, Environment, describes the value of using an integrated, ecosystem-based approach to natural resource and environmental planning and management. This approach, along with sound operational practices by resource-based industries may be able to prevent or minimize environmental impacts associated with resource harvesting and extraction. R-515 R-516 Resource-based industries should use practices that protect the long-term integrity of the natural and built environment, adjacent land uses, and cultural resources that maintain the long-term productivity of the resource base. Resource industry practices should result in maintenance of ecosystem health and habitat. Habitat protection requirements should not fall disproportionately on land maintained in agriculture or forestry, and the costs of such protection shall not be disproportionately placed on the owners of such land. 3-27 September 2004 R-517 R-518 King County should be a leader in resource management by demonstrating environmentally sound agriculture and forestry on county-owned land. King County shall provide for integrated resource education through trail and sign systems linked with working farms, forests, and mines. Interpretation should: a. Provide historical perspective; b. Demonstrate current adaptive resource management practices (forestry, fisheries, wildlife, agriculture); and c. Explain economics of various resource uses. B. Forestry King County forestlands provide local, regional and national benefits that are basic to our quality of life. In addition to supplying a variety of wood and other products, forests emit oxygen, supply pure water, control flooding and soil erosion, enhance groundwater recharge, provide habitat for innumerable plant and animal species and offer scenic vistas and recreational opportunities. King County's forests provide employment in wood, paper, recreation, tourism and fishing industries. In sum, properly managed forests are fundamental to a healthy, diverse economy and environment. The growth in human population has resulted in the loss of forestlands through conversion to nonforest uses. Increasing demands are being placed upon the remaining forest land base to provide goods, recreational opportunities and ecological functions. To address these challenges, forest managers are embracing more broad-based management methods and strategies that encompass ecosystems, landscapes and watersheds, while continually incorporating new scientific information to improve these approaches. Their efforts, together with the collective foresight and dedication of landowners, interest groups, tribes, citizens and agencies, are needed to ensure that King County's forests continue to contribute to a sustainable way of life for present and future generations. The first step to maintain and enhance the commercial forest industry is to protect the forest land base. Second, an ecosystem approach to forest management that provides for long-term ecosystem health and productivity and addresses cumulative impacts on nontimber resources should be explored. Third, commercial forestry must be supported and encouraged by minimizing land use conflicts and offering incentives. Finally, forestland conversions that do occur must be managed to minimize environmental degradation. 1. Protecting Forest Lands The purpose of the Forest Production District is to prevent intrusion of incompatible uses, manage adjacent land uses to minimize land use conflicts and prevent or discourage conversion to nonforestry-based uses. A comparison of the area of forestland converted since 1987 inside the Forest Production District with the area converted outside the district indicates that landowners inside the Forest Production District are committed to long-term forestry. It also indicates that designation and zoning of commercial forest lands help to discourage subdivision and conversion. Sixty percent of the land area in King County is within the designated Forest Production District (FPD). The FPD comprises 1,300 square miles (825,000 acres) of forestland in east King County. About 70% of the FPD is in public ownership: parts of the Alpine Lakes Wilderness Area, Mt. Baker-Snoqualmie National Forest, state and county parks, Washington State Department of Natural Resources, and watersheds for the cities of Seattle and Tacoma. Commercial forestry is conducted on approximately 250,000 acres in private ownership and on another 277,000 acres of state and federal forestlands. Most of this land is held in large September 2004 3-28 contiguous blocks. At this larger scale, it is easier to manage for multiple purposes such as habitat and long-term forest health. R-519 R-520 The Forest Production District is comprised of and shall remain in large blocks of contiguous forest lands where the primary land use is commercial forestry. Other resource industry uses, such as mining and agriculture, should be permitted within the Forest Production District when managed to be compatible with forestry. The Forest Production District is a long-term designation. Lands may be removed from the Forest Production District only through a subarea planning process, and only to recognize areas with historical retail commercial uses. The policies in this section allow for very limited residential uses in the designated Forest Production District, consistent with the objective of continuing forestry as the primary land use. For example, residences may be appropriate to permit forest mangers to live on their land. King County zoning and subdivision regulations establish a large parcel size to promote efficient forest operations and to reduce incompatible residential development. Although the zoning calls for an BO-acre minimum lot size, many smaller lots were created prior to application of the zoning. Proliferation of residences in the FPD makes commercial forestry less viable. R-521 R-522 R-523 King County is committed to maintaining working forestland in the FPD, and shall continue to work with landowners and other stakeholders to promote forestry, reduce uses and activities that conflict with resource uses and recognize forestland values. To reduce conflicts with resource uses, a forest management plan shall be required as a condition of development for any residential uses. Accessory dwelling units shall not be allowed in the FPD. Structures within the Forest Production District should be sited to maintain the productivity of the district. Site plan requirements should limit impervious surface, provide for fire control, protect domestic water supply and prevent conflicts with forest management. King County can further protect commercial forestlands and prevent conflicts by working with other public agencies and service providers to consolidate lands and to locate infrastructure facilities to prevent or minimize intrusions. Such actions can also improve the owner's capacity to protect fish and wildlife habitat and other natural resources. R-524 R-525 In consultation with federally-recognized tribes and other affected agencies and landowners, King County should support land trades that result in consolidated forest ownership and work with forest managers to identify and develop other incentives for continued forestry. King County opposes the establishment or expansion of special purpose taxing districts and local improvement districts in the Forest Production District, and shall not grant new or expanded franchises for utilities in the Forest Production District, unless demonstrated that they directly benefit forestry or are necessary for trasmission of power or water. Forest lands have tremendous recreational and aesthetic value. For example, Forest Production District lands are included within the Mountains-to-Sound Greenway along the 1-90 corridor. Opportunities for hiking and other forms of outdoor recreation exist within the working forests that are part of the Greenway. (This concept is described in more detail in Chapter Four, Environment, and Chapter Five, Parks, Open_Space and Cultural Resources.) Access to Natural 3-29 September 2004 Resource Lands must be carefully managed, however, to prevent conflict with natural resource goals. For example, open gate policies allowing public access may be incompatible with fish and wildlife protection goals and sometimes may interfere with forestry operations by allowing such activities as garbage dumping, vandalism and timber theft. R-526 Public and private forest owners are encouraged to provide for recreational, educational and cultural uses when compatible with forest protection. Recreational and institutional developments, such as conference centers, ski areas and associated hotels, allow more people to enjoy the aesthetic benefits of forest lands. Such facilities are acceptable if located in areas of existing development, such as Snoqualmie Pass, and their operation and use are restricted adequately to minimize conflict with resource lands. Major recreational or institutional development sites can adversely affect the Forest Production District because they reduce the forest land base and conflict with other resource management goals. R-527 No master planned resorts shall be permitted in the Forest Production District. New or expansion of existing recreational or institutional uses in the Forest Production District may be permitted if compatible with long-term forestry, interests of federally-recognized tribes and other resource management goals. Adverse environmental impacts associated with forest practices have the potential to heal over time, whereas those associated with development are usually irreversible. For this reason, forest lands being converted to nonforest uses must be held to higher land clearing and grading standards than those that apply under the Forest Practices Act must be used, for example, to protect surface and groundwater quality and quantity, control stormwater runoff and minimize damage to fish and wildlife habitat. When applying for a forest practice permit, a landowner must state whether the land is to be retained in forest use or converted to a nonforest use. The Forest Practices Act, as amended in 1997, requires local jurisdictions to impose a six-year development moratorium on any properties for which the forest practice application did not state the intention to convert to a nonforest use, unless the application contains a conversion option harvest plan approved by the local jurisdiction. R-528 King County shall impose a six-year development moratorium for landowners who do not state their intent to convert at the time of Forest Practice Application or who do not harvest the site according to a King County approved Conversion Option Harvest Plan. King County shall develop a list of allowable exceptions from the.development moratorium and shall ensure that potential buyers of properties subject to the moratorium are alerted to the moratorium. Landowners choosing to convert their land to nonforest uses also must state their intent on the Forest Practice Application and, as provided in the Forest Practices Act, must conduct their forest practices according to applicable local government regulations. If a landowner intends to convert their land to a nonforest use, they must submit a Forest Practices Application to King County and meet all King County standards. R-529 King County should continue to work with all affected parties and the Washington Department of Natural Resources to improve the enforcement of forest practice regulations in the urban and rural areas, and to ensure that landowners comply with county regulations when they are converting portions of the site to a nonforest use. Harvesting of forest lands for the purpose of converting to nonforestry uses shall meet all applicable county standards for clearing and sensitive areas management. September 2004 3·30 2. Promoting Forest Management King County has worked with state, federal, and private landowners on multiparty resource plans, such as the Middle Fork Snoqualmie Plan, the plan for Rattlesnake Ridge, and numerous watershed planning efforts. There will continue to be opportunities for interagency cross- ownership cooperation, which will result in improved resource management and conservation. R-530 R-531 R-532 R-533 Working with public and private forest land managers, King County shall encourage long-term forest productivity and the protection of land and water resources by participating in collaborative, multiownership planning efforts. King County promotes forest management that achieves long-term forest health, protection of watersheds, sensitive areas and habitat to support fish and wildlife populations, protection of threatened and endangered species, and preservation and economic viability of working forests. King County should work with the King County Rural Forest Commission to conduct a demonstration project for tree removal to reduce fire hazard in the Rural Area. The demonstration project should allow for a community based project in a carefully selected area using best management practices. King County shall encourage the development of private/public partnerships that provide incentive for landowners to practice innovative, fish-friendly forestry and that can help ensure retention of the forest resource land base in perpetuity. An example of such a partnership is the Mountains-to-Sound Greenway Biosolids Forestry Program, which includes King County, Washington State Department of Natural Resources, the Greenway Trust, the University of Washington and the Weyerhauser Company. One of the elements of this program involves the acquisition of forestlands that are vulnerable to residential and commercial development. Lands are acquired by a combination of county funds and federal Forest Legacy funds and then transferred to the State DNR for management. By deed, these lands stay in forest resource use in perpetuity and are managed according to the state's Habitat Conservation Plan. Seventy-five percent of all revenues generated are returned to King County. The lands that have been acquired help to form the block of public ownership along 1-90, providing wildlife corridors, opportunities for trails and recreation, and the water quality protection provided by forest cover. In addition to landscape-level planning and analysis, resource managers should identify specific areas in their forest ownership that are degraded or negatively impacting aquatic resources. Examples of such areas are logging roads or gravel mines no longer needed and scheduled to be abandoned or riparian zones that are not sufficiently vegetated. Organic soil amendments, when properly used, can greatly enhance vegetative growth and restore productivity to these sites, thus protecting fish and other aquatic resources. The use of recycled organic wastes generated in King County closes the recycling "loop" and helps us sustain the productivity of our resource lands. R-534 King County encourages the use of recycled, organic-based soil amendments and fertilizers in forest ecosystems, which can reduce erosion and sedimentation into streams, increase water-holding capacity of soils, stimulate the growth of trees and other vegetation and enhance fish and wildlife habitat. King County shall work with the general public and private and public forestland owners to encourage the selective and appropriate use of these materials for ecosystem enhancement and restoration. 3-31 September 2004 One of the most successful efforts already underway is the use of the county's biosolids to fertilize public and private forests and the use of biosolids compost to help restore old logging roads in the Mountains-to-Sound Greenway in eastern King County. Volunteers from many local youth and environmental groups, including Earthcorp, are involved in this program, which involves removal of the logging roads, restoration of the natural slope of the land, and the use of compost to speed vegetation growth. C. Agriculture Land suitable for farming is an irreplaceable natural resource. Since 1959, almost 60 percent of King County's prime agricultural land has been lost to urban and suburban development. Of 100,000 acres available for farming 40 years ago, today only 42,000 acres remain in agriculture. Fortunately, the amount of agricultural land has stabilized due, in large part, to a variety of county policies and initiatives to conserve these commercially viable resource-based lands. Agricultural lands and farming provide many benefits to the citizens of King County including scenic open space, a connection to our cultural heritage, fresh local foods and a diverse economy. In 2002, farmers in King County produced over $94 million in agricultural sales. Commercial agricultural production, however, has declined by 30 percent in gross sales since 1978. This section focuses on the county's efforts to maintain and enhance commercial agriculture for the value of local produce, dairy products, keeping livestock and for scenic and historic values. To meet the GMA requirement to maintain and enhance agriculture, a variety of methods and programs continue to be necessary. The policies call for King County to: • Protect productive farmland by designation and zoning • Limit development to uses that are necessary to support commercial agriculture; • Prevent or minimize land use conflicts between farming operations and adjacent land uses; • Allow necessary infrastructure (markets, water, affordable housing, supply stores, technical services, tax incentives) that supports commercial agriculture; and • Encourage farming practices that conserve soils and protect water quality, fisheries and wildlife. 1. Protecting Agricultural Lands In 1979, voters approved a $50 million ballot measure to protect farmland threatened by development. The Farmland Preservation Program (FPP) became the first voter-approved measure in the nation to protect farmland in a metropolitan area. By purchasing the development rights, the FPP keeps farmland open and available through covenants that restrict development and limit the properties' uses exclusively for agriculture and open space. The covenants "run with the land" in perpetuity so the land is 'protected regardless of ownership. Under the FPP, the county owns the development rights: however, the lands remain in the private ownership of over 200 property owners. The county cannot sell or remove its interest in FPP lands with the exception of conveying public road or utility easements. In 1995, the county approved an additional $3 million to the purchase of additional development rights under the Farmland Preservation Program. In October 1999, the county formally recognized the 20th anniversary of the Farmland Preservation Program and its success to date in preserving over 12,800 acres of farmland for the generations of today and tomorrow. R-535 King County shall continue to implement the objectives of the Farmland Preservation Program. Protection of property purchased under the FPP shall September 2004 3-32 be a high priority when balancing conflicting interests such as locating transportation, active recreation or utility facilities. Agriculture is most productive in agricultural communities where neighbors support agriculture, where parcels are large enough for commercial agriculture and where labor, supplies and markets for farm products are available. King County's farm soils and most profitable farms are usually found in contiguous blocks with few nonagricultural uses. In 1985, King County established Agricultural Production Districts (APDs) with large lot zoning and specifying agriculture as the preferred use in these areas. The Agricultural Production Districts, shown on the Agriculture and Forest Lands Map in this chapter, present the least number of land use conflicts for agriculture, contain agricultural support activities and provide the best environment for farming in King County. The five Agricultural Production Districts are: _the Sammamish Valley, the Snoqualmie Valley, the Lower Green River Valley, the Upper Green River Valley and the Enumclaw Plateau. Most of the farmlands preserved under the FPP are found in these APDs. R-536 R-537 Agricultural Production Districts are blocks of contiguous farmlands where agriculture is supported through the protection of agricultural soils and related support services and activities. Roads and natural features are appropriate boundaries for Agricultural Production Districts to reduce the possibility of conflicts with adjacent land uses. King County should purchase additional development rights to farmland in the Agricultural Production Districts as funding becomes available. Livestock, dairy and large-scale commercial row-crop operations require large parcels of land to allow for production which is profitable and sustainable. Generally, 35 acres is needed for full- time wholesale commercial production of such products. Specialty agricultural products, products that are direct-marketed and part-time farming enterprises generally need less acreage to be profitable. R-538 R-539 R-540 R-541 All parcels within the boundaries of an APD should be zoned Agricultural, either A-10 or A-35. If small parcels in the APD are not zoned for Agriculture, permitted nonresidential uses must not conflict with agricultural uses in the APD. Lands within Agricultural Production Districts should remain in parcels large enough for commercial agriculture. A residential density of one home per 35 acres shall be applied where the predominant lot size is 35 acres or larger, and a residential density of one home per 10 acres shall be applied where the predominant lot size is less than 35 acres. Agriculture should be the principal land use in the Agricultural Production Districts. Permanent new construction within districts shall be sited to prevent conflicts with commercial farming or other agricultural uses, and nonagricultural uses shall be limited. New development shall not disrupt agriculture operations and shall have a scale compatible with an active farming district. On-site housing for farm employees shall be allowed where this can be accomplished without unnecessarily removing land from agricultural use or conflicting with other public interests. King County should develop guidelines to allow on-site housing for farm employees, including guidelines 3.33 September 2004 that account for the restrictive covenants on properties in the Farmland Preservation Program. Some of the highest quality salmon habitat in King County is found within Agricultural Production Districts (APDs). Additional protection or restoration of critical habitat within the APDs is likely to be recommended by Water Resources Inventory Area Salmon Conservation Plans. Protection and enhancement of existing salmon habitat is a resource based land use that should be included in all farm management plans. Specific habitat protection rules should not jeopardize the agricultural productivity within the APD. Aquatic habitat restoration or wetland mitigation projects should be limited in scale to achieve the objectives of the project while limiting fragmentation of farms and aquatic habitat. Many habitat restoration projects can be designed in a manner that provides benefits to both fish habitat and the agricultural landowner. R-542 R-543 Aquatic habitat restoration projects or floodplain restoration projects are allowed on agricultural lands that are unsuitable for direct agricultural production purposes, such as portions of property that have not historically been farmed due to soil conditions or frequent flooding, and which cannot be returned to productivity by drainage maintenance, or where the proposed project would result in a net benefit to agricultural productivity. Agriculture must remain the predominant use in the APDs and these projects shall not reduce the ability to farm in the area. Such projects may only be allowed on agricultural lands when there are no other suitable lands available and the project is supported by landowners who would be impacted by the project and when: a. The project is included in an approved Water Resources Inventory Area Plan, Farm Management Plan, Flood Hazard Reduction Plan or other functional plan; or b. The project would improve agricultural productivity within the APD. Maintaining the viability of farmlands is a high priority for King County. Within the Agricultural Production Districts, measures to protect threatened or endangered species shall be tailored to ensure working farms can continue to operate. Two Agricultural Production Districts (APO) in or near urban areas, the Lower Green River Valley and Sammamish Valley, were designated in the 1985 Comprehensive Plan, and those designations have been retained. The development rights from many, but not all, of the parcels in these two districts have been purchased through the Farmlands Preservation Program. The Lower Green APO is completely surrounded by urban designated land and as such, functions as both prime agriculture land and urban separator. R-544 R-545 King County commits to preserve Agricultural Production District parcels in or near the Urban Growth Area because of their high production capabilities, their proximity to markets, and their value as open space. The Lower Green River Agricultural Production District is a regionally designated resource that is to remain in unincorporated King County. The Lower Green River Agricultural Production District functions as an urban separator between the cities of Kent and Auburn. King County may contract with other jurisdictions to provide some local services to this area as appropriate. Parks and farms are not necessarily good neighbors, since park users can trespass and damage crops, animals and farm equipment. Recreation near and within districts can be planned to prevent trespass. For example, a park located across a river or ravine from an Agricultural September 2004 3-34 Production District (APO) or a farm would have a pleasant view of farmland without encouraging trespass. R-546 Active recreational facilities should not be located within Agricultural Production Districts. When new parks or trails are planned for areas within or adjacent to Agricultural Production Districts, King County should work with farmers to minimize impacts to farmland and agricultural operations. Public road and utility projects within and through Agricultural Production Districts must be designed to prevent disruption to agriculture. For example, roads shall have adequate shoulders and signs to protect farm equipment and alert faster vehicles to the presence of farming activity. Therefore, road and utility district capital facilities and plans, including water, waste water and drainage, need to ensure that services are consistent with preservation of long-term agriculture. (Chapter Eight, Facilities and Services, contains policies requiring special district plans to be consistent with land use plans.) R-547 R-548 Public services and utilities within and adjacent to Agricultural Production Districts (APDs) shall be designed to minimize significant adverse impacts on agriculture and to maintain total farmland acreage and the area's historic agricultural character: a. Whenever feasible, water lines, sewer lines and other public facilities should avoid crossing Agricultural Production Districts. Installation should be timed to minimize negative impacts on seasonal agricultural practices; and b. Road projects planned for the Agricultural Production Districts including additional roads or the widening of roads should be limited to those needed for safety and which benefit agricultural uses. Where possible, arterials should be routed around the APDs. Roads that cross APDs should be aligned, designed and maintained to minimize negative impacts on agriculture, and to support farm traffic; and c. In cases when public or privately owned facilities meeting regional needs must intrude into Agricultural Production Districts, they should be built and located to minimize disruption of agricultural activity. Lands can be removed from the Agricultural Production Districts only when it can be demonstrated that: a. Removal of the land will not diminish the productivity of prime agricultural soils or the effectiveness of farming within the local APD boundaries; and b. The land is determined to be no longer suitable for agricultural purposes. In addition to meeting these two tests, removal of the land from the APD may only occur if it is mitigated through the addition of agricultural land abutting the same APD of equal acreage and of equal or greater soils and agriculture value. 2. Sustaining Agriculture and Farming King County has made a significant investment in preserving farmland for agriculture and open space uses. The next step is to help existing and future farmers maintain and operate their farms and inform consumers and businesses, such as restaurants, of the benefits of locally grown foods. In order to further maintain and enhance commercial farming on small farmland parcels, farmers and prospective farmers must have access to information on marketing and production strategies for small acreages, the potential for specialty crops and sustainable farming techniques. 3-35 September 2004 R-549 R·550 R·551 R-552 King County shall work with and provide support to the work of Washington State University Cooperative Extension for technical and marketing assistance for small·scale commercial farmers. King County shall continue to support innovative initiatives, such as the Puget Sound Fresh and Farm Link Programs, to promote and enhance agriculture in King County. The county should develop specific incentives to encourage agricultural activities in the remaining prime farmlands located outside the Agricultural Production District. These incentives could include tax credits, expedited permit review, reduced permit fees, permit exemptions for activities complying with best management practices or similar programs. King County shall develop an Agricultural Building Permit with an expedited review process and reduced fees for structures necessary for farm operations. King County recognizes the importance of adding value to and direct sales of agricultural products as a way to keep agriculture viable in an urban landscape. King County's agriculture program works with farmers to encourage them to add value to their products by processing, packaging, and selling them directly to the consumer. R-553 Agricultural processing, packing and direct sales are considered agricultural activities and should be allowed at a size and scale appropriate to the zone in which they are operating. King County shall work with local and state health departments to develop regulations supporting these activities. Agricultural practices modify the natural environment in order to produce food or fiber or maintain livestock for human use. Ideally, practices that maintain the productivity of the lands also protect environmental quality. Farmers, technical advisors and environmental regulators must work together to understand the relationships between production practices, environmental protection and profitability. These practices, referred to as best management practices, are designed to prevent erosion, retain riparian vegetation, avoid stream bank collapse, properly dispose of animal wastes, safely use and dispose of pesticides and prevent excessive suriace water runoff. R-554 King County shall provide incentives, educational programs and other methods to encourage agricultural practices which maintain water quality, protect public health, protect fish and wildlife habitat, protect historic resources and prevent erosion of valuable agricultural soils while maintaining the functions needed for agricultural production. D. Mineral Resources King County contains many valuable mineral resources, including deposits of coal, sand, rock, gravel, silica, peat, clay, metallic ores and potentially recoverable gas and oil. Mining and processing these deposits is an important part of King County's economy, currently providing hundreds of jobs and producing materials used locally, regionally and nationally. Mining also has historic significance, in that it provided the impetus for past development in many parts of King County, including Black Diamond and the Newcastle area. King County is required by the State Growth Management Act to designate and conserve mineral lands. In doing so the county must assure that land uses adjacent to mineral lands do not interfere with the continued use of mineral lands in their accustomed manner and in accordance September 2004 3-36 • with best management practices. The policies in this section explain the steps taken to designate and conserve mineral resource lands and provide direction on the comprehensive review needed before additional sites are designated for mineral resource extraction. Four main steps are necessary to maintain and enhance commercial mineral resource industries. First, mineral resource sites should be conserved through designation and zoning. Second, land use conflicts between mining, processing and related operations and adjacent land uses should be prevented or minimized. Third, operational practices should protect environmental quality, fisheries and wildlife, in balance with the needs of the industry. Finally, mining areas need to be reclaimed in a timely and appropriate manner. The Mineral Resources Map identifies four different types of Mineral Resource Sites. The sites were identified in the 1994 King County Comprehensive Plan or in subsequent annual updates. Following the Mineral Resources Map is a spreadsheet that contains information on each Mineral Resource Site parcel. The Designated Mineral Resources Sites on the Mineral Resources Map satisfy King County's responsibility to designate and conserve mineral resources consistent with requirements of the GMA. All Designated Mineral Resources Sites have Mineral zoning. The criteria used in the 1994 King County Comprehensive Plan called for designation of properties that at the time were either zoned outright for mining or those operating under an approved Unclassified Use Permit. In addition to the designated Mineral Resources Sites, the Forest Production District (FPD) and Forest (F) zone preserves the opportunity for mineral extraction. Mining is a permitted or conditional use in the F zone. Because forestry does not preclude future mineral extraction, King County considers the FPD as part of its strategy to conserve mineral resources. The Mineral Resources Map also shows Potential Mineral Resource Sites. These are sites where King County expects some future surface mining to occur or where the owner or operator indicates an interest in future mining. Most of the Potential Mineral Resources Sites shown on the map contain sand and/or gravel, however, a few contain other mineral resources such as quarry rock and coal. Because of the geology of King County, most valuable metallic mineral resources are located in the Forest Production District, and are therefore already protected from urban development. Identification of Potential Mineral Resources Sites satisfies the GMA requirements to not knowingly preclude opportunities for future mining and to inform nearby property owners of the potential for future mining use of these areas in order to prevent or minimize conflicts. The Mineral Resources Map also shows Non-Conforming Mineral Resources Sites. These are sites on which some mining operations predated King County zoning regulations without appropriate zoning or other land use approval. Mining for these sites has not been authorized through a Land Use Map or zoning designation. These sites are shown for informational purposes only. Mining can occur on an identified site only if mining has been approved as a nonconforming use by the Department of Development and Environmental Services, and mining activities have received all other necessary permit approvals. Because the sites have not undergone formal review to be designated on the Land Use Map or zoned for mining, the sites do not have long-term commercial significance. However, they can continue to serve mineral supply needs. The Mineral Resources Map also shows Owner Identified Potential Coal Mining Sites that contain subsurface coal resources. These sites could be mined by either underground or surface mining techniques. Because of uncertainties involving the economics of energy and related market conditions, it is not always possible to determine the timing or likelihood of coal resources extraction in potential coal mining areas. Underground and surface coal mining is subject to permitting and enforcement by the Federal Government. King County regulates land use decisions governing surface facilities. Because of the difficulty in precisely locating these facilities prior to an actual proposal, King County determined to not apply Potential M zoning to owner- identified coal resources sites. 3-37 September 2004 R-555 R-556 King County shall identify existing and potential mining sites on the Mineral Resources Map in order to conserve mineral resources, promote compatibility with nearby land uses, protect environmental quality, maintain and enhance mineral resource industries and serve to notify property owners of the potential for mining activities. The county shall identify: a. Sites with existing Mineral zoning as Designated Mineral Resource Sites; b. Sites where the landowner or operator has indicated an interest in mining, sites that as of the date of adoption of the 1994 Comprehensive Plan had potential Quarrying/Mining zoning, or sites that the County determines might support future mining as Potential Mineral Resource Sites; c. Sites where mining operations predate zoning regulations but without zoning or other land use approvals as Non-Conforming Mineral Resource Sites.; and d. Owner-Identified Potential Sub-Surface Coal Sites. King County shall designate as mining on the Comprehensive Plan Land Use Map those sites that had Potential Mineral (M) zoning prior to the date of adoption of the 1994 Comprehensive Plan and those sites that had Mineral zoning as of the date of the adoption of the King County Comprehensive Plan 2000 Update. A mining designation on the Land Use Map shall not create a presumption that Mineral zoning will be approved for sites with Potential Mineral zoning. Potential Mineral zoning shall not be applied to additional sites. Mining is an intense operation that may continue for many years. Mining operations can significantly change the land being mined and have impacts on the environment and on nearby properties. King County requires comprehensive review, including environmental analysis, prior to approving a Land Use Map and zoning change. Site specific environmental review will also be required for a grading permit or any other permit that is necessary for a mining operation. Therefore, a comprehensive site-specific study is required prior to any such approval. R-557 King County may designate additional sites on the Comprehensive Plan Land Use Map as Mining only following a site-specific rezone to Mineral zoning. Upon approval of a rezone to Mineral zoning, the Comprehensive Plan Land Use Map shall be amended to designate the site as mining during the next comprehensive plan amendment cycle. King County should approve applications for site-specific rezones to Mineral zoning and applications for permits that would authorize mineral extraction and processing only following site-specific environmental study, early and continuous public notice and comment opportunities, when: a. The proposed site contains rock, sand, gravel, coal, oil, gas or other mineral resources; b. The proposed site is large enough to confine or mitigate all operational impacts; c. The proposal will allow operation with limited conflicts with adjacent land uses when mitigating measures are applied; d. The proposal has been evaluated under the State Environmental Policy Act so that the county may approve, condition or deny applications consistent with the county's substantive SEPA authority, and in order to mitigate significant adverse environmental impacts. September 2004 3-38 - • e. Roads or rail facilities serving or proposed to serve the site can safely and adequately handle transport of products and are in close proximity to the site. If King County denies an application for a site-specific rezone it should remove the mining land use designation and the associated Potential Mineral zoning for the site. If the county denies a permit that would authorize mineral extraction and/or processing on a Designated Mineral Resources Site, the county should consider new information generated during the permit review process to determine whether the site is not properly designated as mineral resource land of long- term commercial significance, the designation for the site on the Mineral Resources Map should be changed from Designated Mineral Resources Site to Potential surface Mineral Resource Site. In addition, the mining land use designation and the Mineral zoning classification for the site should be amended to be compatible with the surrounding properties. R-558 R-559 R-560 R-561 R-562 King County should remove the Mining land use designation on the Comprehensive Plan Land Use Map and associated Potential Mineral zone or Mineral zoning for any sites that have been denied a rezone to Mineral. If a grading or other permit necessary for the extraction of mineral resources is denied on a Designated Mineral Resource Site, the county shall evaluate whether such mineral resource designation is appropriate. The re-evaluation process may occur during the annual comprehensive plan amendment cycle and information produced during the permit review process shall be used to evaluate the appropriateness of changing the existing designation. If the county determines that the site should not be designated as mineral resource land of long-term commercial significance as defined in the Growth Management Act, the site shall be redesignated to a Potential Surface Mineral Resource Site on the Mineral Resources Map and to a land use designation and zoning classification compatible with the surrounding properties. King County may update the Mineral Resources Map to identify additional Potential Mineral Resource Sites only during the four-year comprehensive plan amendment cycle. The preferred adjacent land uses to sites designated as Mining on the Land Use Map are mining, industrial, open space or forestry uses. Sites for newly proposed Mineral zones shall not be adjacent to or within Agricultural Production Districts. Agricultural lands and operations should be protected from significant impacts associated with nearby mine operations. Mining activities are permitted within the Forest Production District, consistent with Policy R-519. However, a conditional use permit shall be required for mining activities in the Forest Production District located within one-quarter mile of established residences or for proposals seeking to use local access streets where abutting lots are developed for residential use. In order to comprehensively assess the environmental impacts associated with a zoning change, conditional use or operating approval for a mining proposal, the range of environmental impacts, including short-term and long- term effects arising or existing over the lifetime of the proposal, shall be assessed at the earliest possible stage. This should include the potential for future proposals for structures and operations related to mining, such as asphalt and concrete batch plants. 3.39 September 2004 R-563 King County should prevent or minimize conflicts with mining when planning land uses adjacent to Designated and Potential Mineral Resource Sites. Subarea plans may indicate areas where mining is an inappropriate land use. Designated and Potential Mineral Resource Sites and nonconforming sites should be shown on Mineral Resources Map and subarea plan maps in order to notify nearby property owners and residents of existing and prospective mining activities. R-564 The periodic review process for mineral extractive and processing operations shall include sufficient public notice and comment opportunities. The purpose of the periodic review process is to provide opportunities for public review and comment on the mineral resource facility's fulfillment of state and county regulations and implementation of industry-standard best management practices, and for King County to modify, add or remove conditions to address new circumstances and/or unanticipated project- generated impacts. The periodic review process is not intended.to re- examine the appropriateness of the mineral resource use, or to consider expansion of operations beyond the scope of existing permitted operations since that review would be accomplished through the county's permitting process. The periodic review is intended to be a part of King County's ongoing enforcement and inspections of mineral resource sites, and not to be a part of the county's permitting process. R-565 Conditions and mitigations for significant adverse environmental impacts associated with mining operations and their associated structures or facilities should be required, especially in the following areas: a. Air quality; b. Environmentally sensitive and critical areas, such as surface and groundwater quality and quantity, wetlands, fisheries and wildlife habitats, and aquatic.habitats; c. Noise levels; d. Vibration; e. Light and glare; f. Vehicular access and safety; g. Land and shoreline uses; h. Traffic impacts; i. Visual impacts; j. Cultural and historic features and resources; k. Site security; and I. Others unique to specific sites and proposals R-566 King County should work with the state and federal governments to ensure that proposals for underground mining, oil and gas extraction, and surface coal mining are reviewed with consideration of local land use and environmental requirements. R-567 King County should work with the State Department of Natural Resources to ensure that mining areas are reclaimed in a timely and appropriate manner. Reclamation of mining sites in the Forest Production District should return the land to forestry. Where mining is completed in phases, reclamation also should be completed in phases as the resource is depleted. When reclamation of mining sites located outside of the Forest Production District is completed, the site should be considered for regesignation to a land use September 2004 3-40 R-568 designation and zoning classification compatible with the surrounding properties. King County shall encourage the removal of existing stockpiles of previously mined material in order to promote and achieve reclamation of land to its highest and best use. 3-41 September 2004 ,------..-. ~ V: \ -~-. ;rJP ~K" :. \ ~ ? .. , ..... , ' \ _:.::~~ J ',>-; . i i Ii I { j i i \ I i \ ) j I I \ \ I ; ,/'/ ....:,<:-;;,,~ /if' I ..,, j // ~) I -· I; / l :-,--•.• I I .. L .. I i I v'. I " j \ ·tJt .,. ·(· / / t, (. __ ,;# .... I i \ ..... (. ··. _:. __ _ \ (( ·,., //,, . ________ ,.,.~ .-''· Ki ng Co unty Com prehe nsive Plan, 2004 Chap ler Th ree, Rural Legacy and Natural Resource Land s mltcny'fHOJOOs\corrplan\2004'2004 ag lc rest mxd AWC ~liddes707\g cs•mVT.aps\200.:. 12\2004_KCCP\aW¥C_20041222_a;i !crest pd! The inlorrN.l :o n r,c:luded on lh1s m.i.p h as t:een co~led by King County slatt from a va.rlefy ol sources and 1s aubJeet 10 chango .,...11\oul notice Kin9 COJnty ma)(es no reprue nl ations or warrarHios, express or 1rfliied H to accur.xy, con,>leter.eu, ~meliness. or nghts to the wi1t 01 such inform.aliof'i. Kmg Co1.:n ty shall not be liable lor any 9M1tra!. spodal, indireci, incidental, or COOS6quenti al d;lmages ind udin9, b ... 1 not ~rT'Vled lo, lost revt1 nues or lost profi"..s resulting t,om the use o r misuse ot tho flfo rrnajon con:ained on !his map. Any sa;e ol th~ map o, l'lforrnanon on rhis m.ip is p<onibiled excep1 by wrinM permission of K!llgCounty The maps Jn the King County Comprehensive PJan and its lechn>cal appendices a re produced with a COITf)u ter geographic information system. They are redlJced in Size but avaf/able at a Jarger scale. :....-....,.r~---\ Agricultural and Forest Lands 2004 ~::t!IJ Fores t Producti on District -U.S. Fores t Service Land s I Agri cultural Prod ucti on Distri ct In corpo rated Areas i ___ .. J Tribal Lands ""'-Urban Growth A rea Boundary ,, _ · Alpine Lakes Wildern ess Boundary ~ Rural Fores t Focus Areas ® Bear Creek ® West Wall Snoq ualmie © Lake Joy @ East Wall Snoq ualmi e ® Mitche ll Hill / Raging Ri ver ® South Fork Snoqualmie © Issaq uah Creek ® Cedar River/ Ravensda le CD West Black Diamo nd ® G reen Ri ver U.S. Forest Ser,te, Ki ng County Departments of Assessments , Natu ral Resources and Par'<s , and Development and Environmenta l Services (® King County N + 0 2.5 10 -,.., .. nt"'tnho l"' ?nn.a. '/ .. -"':"' <::,:; /' ,·-·-·--. ,,, . ,-~')\ ' . \ -Sn~~.:-.ix ~ ~ \ 'a1IIIJ f -·::-·-· · ... -·-·-·-:-·--·-·-:-_ ·-·-·-·--·-·-·--·-·-·--·-·-·--·-·-·----·-·-·--·-·:... . ----~--·..:.: ___ ...Ji!'~~,y7 ----~----·-·-·-·-·--·---·-·--·-·--, / D , '·"'\ ~ , \ / ... ~ \ ~~ f 'l., I ~~A I I >. .ll"-'-~3':!i· . (--......, / . "-:,,..,,'7: ' ./ r ; ' ) I .,.· -:\. -, I I ...... ~_-"'.' 1: __ {' ' (' \ ""'J,!lle . ' !,4' . ' { ' i ',, ··, ~~ ..... , I ·".; , /.1 . ~-,. t-i -, \. • • / <I" i ) '\_,.) I ' 4 -;t, '\ • I / ~ . \ ,' ';;. . , \ I :;'c ' i J-~ \ . ~' ! ' / 1 \ I ., . t, i ) ' l i \ . J \ /"..,..~.--..... 1 \ ' I ! ' •j _, I I ~.,F ... / ) ' .----------...1 ... ~·G>"' . ( /~ ( ( . -.. ,· -.. ,...i (• .,.. . -., ) / I -";. (-~-· -'I • ._,, / r . ., :·' ---~-___ } I ~ ...:7 ! • ~ ... t ,( / : r ,... '. I / J .,\ -! ;-I I ,. , . ./ / -· I .. ·--. ® ,..--/' f r-~;;-~_·· ,. Jf _/ '\. .,.> ,..-., I f..' ~-~\ .--· ~ , ,r· .. / I I\ "" ~ .,, ' ~ ·: / /--' ) ~·-""·; ' / · ~-1 ; f ~-' ., ) -. .-· ·~~ ~~ ~-Parlr ( /) ·' ,. , -" -.. ; -""' r I ,, ,, ~ . . . _,../ ~ , //31,... .. \ ' . -. '· . ' •' ' ___ ,..,._ ( ' ... ) , re...)-iw:.'? -. :_ ,,., .. '""------~/ <) ~ Equestrian Communities 2004 I • · ~ ' ./' ·--~-_,...-I i ~· ,-~ i ·; -~ ~ . .... \ l ~ ~ \ \.... i \ /'''--. ' ..... -····· ·,~ .. ............. ______ ,,. ~'· -·,, --_, ... .,,?,$:"<~ . ~~, ~~ "\;" ·. ederal_l'lay I J . ~-~ / .. ,.,_ ·, ,, I . ' ., '\.. \ )", -. . "'-.-, ....... -· ....... -.J l.. "·, i ' } -\ ,... '" \) ------- r./,..> ( t".("_~~-.,,. v .. /\..._:.._'-"·- -, "'-.---.. ·, . .-....... King Counly Comprehensive Plan, 2004 Chapler Three, Rural Legac y and Natu ral Resource Lands tn.:\lony""o,ects'.cOfll>an\2004"'2004_•qu11slra&n ffl.ld AWC \\ddes707\vm-m'.mapa\2004i 12'\20CM _KCCPlawe_2004122:> tq1J9Slri.ln p,:f Th• "!crrna:1on ind~ on 1h ~ map has b-n con,,iled by Kin; County staff 'rem a ¥A/MIity ot soorC•s aw.t •• aut>,ect 10 c h~ w«hout nollc• King County 11\iu.•s no represer l.VIOnS Qt w:wr,m1M ewpre$s Of ifT1:lied. as to &oc 1Jrac y, cor""Ole1tnHS. limo~nus Of rjghts to tt,• use ol sucl'I lnf0t mat on Ku,g Coumy shall no t be liable l i>r any Qo!!neral , spec ia l indl reci. incrdo ntal, or consequential darN19 &1 h:kJding , b>J1 n ot limited 10 lost rn•l"UH 0t lost profit, re,v l ing l!om tt'le ut.e Of mis1.1 se ol the r ton-i.atiol'\ cont.1int4 on l'u ~ My sale ol th• map o, .,IOffl'\I.IC)n on this rNP • prMl:ute d exc~ by ·Nrir..e!\p&rmssiOl'I of .,. .... ··1._._ "· \ { \ ; J \ ~ \ , I ' 'I . ..... , \ ,.. . .,,.--'~ ......... __ .,.. .... ) .l ', ""°c''"' ·-. ( ~ -'-/' The maps In the l(;ng County Ccmprchens/ve Plan ana Hs lcchniCal appendices a re produced ..;111 a compurer gcographic information system. Tney are reduced In s/Le but available at a 1a1gc1 scale. " I ' . ~ \ '", z../\. '-_____ ,......__ __ _ ;·--·-. L .... -.. .J Equestrian Commun ities Incorporated A reas Tribal Lands "'-Urban Growth A rea Boundary Source: Kmg County Departmcnl of Devel qimenl and Environmen lal Servic es (® King Cou nty 2.6 ~ 10 -,.... .. N + --6-L--..-...-.n A • ,·--·-----\ -· I \ / I i ;' I i i i \ I i ! I \ \ / i \ \ I ./ I .,. • .;.r:;~ /+-"~ I ' / // i ( I i j .·' / i I \ \ // i \ 9t / I / ' ·,. ________ ,,,..,. 4 ,, f- 3 ) ,, \ - King County Comprehensive Plan, 2004 Cha pte r Three, Rural Legacy and Natural Resource Lands m'fony'4W.,,..;tt'U,ff,f,l1m'200-'l200<!_nr.111l11Ud ~1/</C '11ddo6al'O]\g,•·m -p,,.'2()0,i1?\2[)D<I_K('..CP.a,wi::_?Ol'.Wt7" _,n.-..,,..r p,:I! . 'L '1 ' . ---------~----------------=-=~~ .~;~~--~---£.¥'-l ----------------,1='..\ . ~--·--·-,-. .i~,;,. ' __t . -••-,,________ . i-"',, I ·------..--. ' . ' •, ' ··, \ . ' / .,Y , .. , ··•·., I ~, ~ ('.._ ,.ff . C.. , :·,.. c~----.. J c--'--4l! . { ,-, ·-· ,., '·. --· r:-/ . 51 . , ·····--·-----, _, ;, 9:l ____ ,., _____ , i _,, . ·'·". ,· . '· ' . 1"' , .• ,, ,· ! . ' ·~-i •. ' 'CJ ( _7;.~·-:~ ---_,c·· ,' ' (\ ; ' \ ,J' ,.• ... , ,, , .,., -,., C· f ,.. ) // . . ' ,-.;c....i.t··. . ~ = , ~--., ' i ,~-. t l..l ___ :'v r--:--· ..J __ c:-;-- r··--: /~~ I ,--·--~ . ' \ I 3:-··-·1 I • -'-··-' ,·' .-· _.J __ ,..,.-- i., _____ !i---··------·r··--·-··-···· ---~·-·: l / j -. ./ . . / . r1"\-----~.r~ :_-., ,f j _J r-'--, --:··L -:-Lr5 l i .. .,-·· I >_) 77 -i ( ___ _ :,.. ....... _,.i 1: \ ·-·1. '·-·-, \ -·1 __ ·~ '-.-..... ...__., l -·~ \., 'i 21~9 ,:... ___ ,_ ~·; .i~,9 2 , , i Lc___r '-•-\ , 9 ··72 ,-, 1.C. • '· "-. I -··r , ··, '·, --. , 1 1 . a§P --"' ? ' . J --, -" ·u ,,,.u q "\"---s / \... / -\__ ,~ I ~ •~ . >· . u '-'1 I ) 81 .-c, , ; ·-4li ( ----.. ---.,_ -~~i..t·-~.i \64 , ___ ;.....,,.. l ..... ---) __ .,: !'""- · 96 , · : · ! &a-· •---: 1 0 _) r·-· / __ / // '\, ) I',,- I f ,../ ., ' -,~ .---------~-,! . ( I r{ /./ ·-·-' / <( I Mineral Resources 2004 32 , ') 109 f;;,. Designated Mineral Resource Sites· Potent ial Surface Mineral Resource Sit es·· No n-Confo rming Mineral Resource Sites· .. Own er-Identified Potential Sub-Surface Coal Sites"'· Incorporated Areas C.-~-:-.J Tribal Lands ~ Urba n Growth Area Boundary ''-··' Forest Production District Lin e "Sites v.1!/J Mineral Zoning. -·, ,•~} I ·!:.., 5 4 / _,; I , ••. , 1 os r s6 s:;_ ,.,._ ~ . . ~ \ ) ; -: • . '·, ., --·, 1 ···, >l. ·---. • ·-· ·-. , --. ~~ 62 -'·---·, ···----·, -~~-"--_,.......~, ~'>.. • ..._:,~_ "Sites identified by the landowner or operator prior to Nov. 18, 1994 and sites that as of Nov. 18, 1994 had peooing rezone applications for Ouarrying,-Min,ng (now Mineral) zoning or had potential Quarrying/Mining (now Mineral) zoning. "'Sites on which mining operah·ons pre -date King County zoning regulations, but without zoning or other land use approvals . The 1nfo1mallon lnc..,ded on ttus rnap has been comp~ed by l(lr1g C<>unty ~"" h orn a 1111rsety or -1ovron a /"!d Is s..iijecl b cha~ 'Mtnout nclk:,e,. King C¢IJl'lty mal(u fie) reo,esent&tioos ot Wt111M1i.t1S. u.press Of m pied. as to acc;urllC)', complalann& lim•111ess. or rJ9hls kl the use ot suet, lr1lormabon. KJng County ...-.,1 I\OI be bt:.e !o, a.ny gene ral. $J)(ICk1J. lr.clirect. lf\Cidwita l Of 001",1.fWlw.ntia.l dam.aQiM-lr"<:lvdil"IQ. bot not *'11Ted to. lost re111nuu oi lost p,om, re ,u!tng lrorn the 111• 0< rr.11uu ol lhit ,nlorrr-.;,T,Of'I oonlJlnOO on 1tis map My !,,)Je ot 1tu map Of tntQ.rmal1('11'1 ('11'1 ttws rri\p is p'Ohlbit&d e•c:ep1 by ...,,tuen perrnissjoo o t l(..,n r....,.,,,,. ·,, . l_-...._,~----___.,,,-.J '. c" ·-:c '.;E .. ' ~ \~ --. ,,, s 1 r · ~ \.,.---., .. -.. -.,· .. ,_ · \,___ ~8 9_$5 "l~~' ,-" ·----~ . ' "\..,;, ,e-,-._ .• c, ~ "-""~-~ \, I ~ . , J -<••• ' '-;,· ·, . -I .J .. '-', The maps 1n the King County Canpr11hensN11 P1an and;$ f~nlcaJ Jt.~,ce-s arc p,<>duccd w,:h ii' compv1c, {l(l()Qraphic in.'ormtt~n sy51.tJm. Thcy are rtlduc~;, siM bur dvdil.lble at .:i l11rpc, scaie. ' _,-... ___ _;; .....__ __ . •••• Owner-Identified Potenb'al Sut>-Surface Coal Sites are not parcel specific. Source: U S. Forest Service. King County Depanments of Assessments and Developm ent and Environmental Services ® King County N + ae IQ "'' .. October 2004 • I • I 4 I ' .. __ ..... ______ :__ _______ ---..I,- DESIGNATED MINERAL RESOURCE SITES DESIGNATED MINERAL RESOURCE SITES Map# Section-Site Name and/or Owner/Operator Product* Total Site Map# Section-Site Name and/or Owner/Operator Product* Total Site Township-Acreage Township-Acreage Range (approx.) Range (approx.) 1 25-21-06 Cadman S & G/Flintston S&G SG 75 18 28-26-11 Meridian Aggregates R 38 2 11-20-07 Plum Creek Timber Company SG 476 19 11-21-06 John Henry Coal Mine/Palmer Coking C 375 21-20-07 12-21-06 Coal 3 21-22-03 Ideal Cement Co/King County SG 39 20 01-21-06 Reserve Silica CorporationPlum Creek s 612 36-22-06 Timber Co. and Silica Sand Mine 4 28-22-03 Maury lsland/Lonestar Northwest SG 250 21 01-19-07 Weyerhaeuser Co. s 625 5 27-22-07 Kangley PitlMeridian Aggregates Co. SG 608 22 34-22-07 Elk Pit/Mutua! Materials, Inc. CL 60 (398 acres) and Stoneway Concrete Gravel Pit/Gary Merlino Construction 6 28-23-06 Cedar Grove Pit/Queen City Farms SG 315 23 32-24-06 State of Washington CL 21 7 33-23-06 Lake Francis PiUPlumb Creek Timber SG 143 24 31-24-06 Section 31 piUKing Co. Sh/Cl 322 Co. 8 33-23-06 Cedar Grove Pit/ANMARCO SG 35 25 32-24-06 Interpace Harris Mine/ R.Thompson and SG 60 Eltra Corp. 9 20-23-06 Cedar Mountain Pit/ Rivera & Green SG 57 26 35-22-06 Meridian Minerals Co. SG 57 't' 10 19-22-06 Black River Quarry SG 374 27 29-23-06 Pinnacle Exploration SG 49 .,,. 20-22-06 "' 29-22-06 30-22-06 11 22-24-06 Gravel Pit/Washington Aspha!t Co. and SG 320 28 29-23-06 ANMARCO and G. Newell SG 115 27-24-06 Glacier Ridge PS 32-23-06 12 08-26-07 J. Margan SG 13 17-26-07 29 29-23-06 Plum Creek Timber Co. SG 200 13 19-24-08 Snoqualmie/Weyerhaeuser Co. and S. SG 665 30 27-24-06 Issaquah/King Co. SG 18 20-24-08 Parsons et. al. 14 05-23-06 Sunset Quarry/Meridian Agrregates RS 120 31 05-23-06 King County SG 383 15 06-23-06 Squak Mountain Quarry/M. Palmer RS 16 32 33-23-06 Lake Francis Plum Creek Timber Co. SG 233 16 22-24-07 Raging River/Cadman RS 46 33 35-22-05 162nd Av SE/James Development Co. SG 28 and 0. Joscelyne 17 33-20-07 Highway 410 Quarry/J. Laramie RS 34 34 35-22-05 Washington Asphalt Co. SG 23 Cf) ro ,?. ro 3 O" ~ "' 0 0 ,. Mineral Resources Property Information for the Mineral Resources Map POTENTIAL SURFACE MINERAL RESOURCE SITES POTENTIAL SURFACE MINERAL RESOURCE SITES Map# Section-Site Name and/or Owner/Operator Product Total Site Map# Section-Site Name and/or Owner/Operator Product Total Site (/) Township-Acreage Township-Acreage ro Range (approx.) Range (approx.) )< ro 3 O" 35 35-22-05 T. Scarsella ~ 11 56 10-20-07 Weyerhaueser Co. 80 "' 0 36 07-25-06 Cadman/King Co. 24 57 15-26-07 State of Washington 320 0 37 33-23-06 Merlino Property/ANMARCO 32 58 16-21-05 State of Washington 38 "" 59 17-23-07 State of Washington 640 18-23-07 19-23-07 20-23-07 39 20-23-06 Rivera and Green 21 60 26-21-06 M & K Company 18 40 22-26-06 T. Alberg 40 61 27-24-06 State of Washington 40 41 31-26-07 T. Alberg 160 62 30-20-08 Weyerhaeuser Co. 141 36-26-06 42 8-26-07 R. and A. Thompson 11 63 30-21-07 State of Washington and Palmer Coking 60 17-26-07 Coal 43 32-23-09 R. and A. Thompson 145 64 30-21-08 State of Washington 168 44 11-21-05 B & M Investments 174 65 34-24-06 State of Washington 32 45 25-22-02 Doane Family Ltd. 60 66 35-24-06 State of Washington 20 w 46 08-25-06 W. Nelson 86 67 36-20-06 State of Washington 79 "' 47 18-21-07 Palmer Coking Coal 79 68 36-20-06 State of Washington 40 0 48 30-21-07 Palmer Coking Coal 275 69 36-21-06 State of Washington 152 50 36-21-06 Palmer Coking Coal 116 70 36-21-07 State of Washington 640 51 06-23-06 Palmers 39 71 36-23-06 State of Washington 115 52 12-23-05 R. and R. Schroeder and Pacific 30 72 04-21-07 Weyerhaeuser Co. 173 Company Constructors 53 02-20-06 State of Washington 36 73 03-25-09 Weyerhaeuser Co. 3079 04-25-09 05-25-09 10-25-09 33-25-09 34-26-09 54 03-91-33 Weyerhaeuser Co. 36 55 02-20-07 Weyerhaueser Co., State of 634 12-20-07 Washington, Metro I • • ! I (. , 4 .:, I ,_ -I _c •--•-•---'--I__!, _ _. __ (._[. __ ,.. - POTENTIAL SURFACE MINERAL RESOURCE SITES POTENTIAL SURFACE MINERAL RESOURCE SITES Map# Section-Site Name and/or Owner/Operator Product Total Site Map# Section-Site Name and/or Owner/Operator Product Total Site Township-Acreage Township-Acreage Range (approx.) Range (approx.) 74 11-4-07 Weyerhaeuser Co. 3655 84 28-20-07 Weyerhaeuser Co. 669 22-4-07 32-20-07 32-4-07 33-20-07 26-25-07 27-25-07 34-25-07 35-25-07 75 01-19-07 Weyerhaeuser Co., United States, U.S. 4214 85 04-19-07 Weyerhaeuser Co. 1572 (4-8)-19-8 Corps of Engineers 05-19-07 12-19-07 32-20-07 28-20-08 31-20-08 32-20-08 33-20-08 36-20-07 Cf 76 {17-20) of Weyerhaeuser Real Estate Co. 1765 86 34-25-07 L.A. Welcome 24 '" 23-09 and (28-30) of 23-09 77 21-23-09 Weyerhaeuser Co.and State of 705 87 36-21-05 Sparling/King Co. 41 27-23-09 Washington 28-23-09 78 13-24-07; Weyerhaeuser Co., Riley, Everett, 1926 88 21-24-07 Raging River/King Co. 40 (17-20) of Hamerly 24-07 79 06-21-07 E. Seliger, Weyerhaeuser Co, 1167 89 32-22-07 Lake Retreat/King Co. 82 7-21-07 Bremmeyer, and Palmer Coking Coal 80 08-21-07 Weyerhaeuser Co. 113 90 35-22-02 Sprowls/King Co. 40 81 16-21-07 Metro 599 82 24-21-06 Cadman Black Diamond/Weyerhaeuser 434 92 23-26-07 Swan Quarry/King Co. 76 u, Co. © 83 20-20-07 Weyerhaeuser Co. 925 93 31-23-07 Route 18 Fill Project/P!umb Creek SG 40 "O iii 29-20-07 Timber Co. 3 0- ~ "' 0 LEGAL NON-CONFORMING MINERAL RESOURCE SITES 0 ... (/) "' ,. "' 3 [ "' 0 0 +' "' 6, "' Mineral Resources Property Information for the Mineral Resources Map AND EXISTING MINERAL RESOURCE SITES IN THE FPD Map # Section-Site Name and/or Owner/Operator Township· Range 94 06-19-07 R. & B. Jensen 95 29-20-07 Moulder Pit/Weyerhaeuser Co. 96 30-21-07 R. Morris and Palmer Coking Coal 97 15-22-06 Maple Valley/R&H Partnership 98 07-23-06 PG and RT Schroeder 99 23-26-06 Chapman Pit/Alberg 100 34-25-07 L.A. Welcome 101 29-23-09 PG and RT Schroeder 102 26-22-05 Calhoun/King Co. 103 34-22-06 Summit/King Co. 104 13-20-06 Enumclaw Quarry/Richard Pierotti 105 06-20-07 Veasey/Dwight and Doris Garrett 106 27-26-11 Miller River QuarryMRGC Timberland 107 37-79-20 Black River Quarry/Lloyal Newburn 108 37-79-20 Black River/MaryEllen Hughes 109 34-22-07 Elk Pit/Mutual Materials Co. 110 31-21-07 Palmer Coking Coal Co. 111 16-24-07 Hoover/King Co. 112 04-25-07 Redmond Pit/Cadman Gravel Co. Product Total Site Acreage (approx.) SG 13 SG 60 SG 158 SG 6 SG 22 SG 53 SG 5 SG 53 SG 23 SG 176 RS 14 RS 8 R 11 R 5 R 9 Cl 60 20 40 SG 18 • • SG = Sand & Gravel RS = Rock & Stone R = Rock C = Coal *KEY ShCI = Shale & Clay Cl = Clay S = Silica NOTE: Each map number corresponds to one or more parcel number(s), and in some cases different owners and operators. The acreage listed represents the sum acreage of all the parcels of the site. Please refer to the technical appendix for the parcel- specific version of this table. • • Cha ter Four Environment • Chapter Four Environment With chinook salmon and bull trout now listed as a threatened species, and other valued species dangerously close to joining the list, protecting both our rural and urban environments remains a critical concern. King County's regulations for protecting the environment are some of the most stringent in the country. In a region as rainy as the Pacific Northwest, maintaining healthy wetland systems, controlling stormwater runoff and preventing development on sloping hillsides are all vital in preventing erosion and flooding. Without proper regulatory control, damage to private property, as well as salmon streams, is unavoidable and costly. 4-1 September 2004 I. Na1ara:I Enuironment A. Protection and Regulation Protecting and restoring air quality, water resources, soils, and plant, fish and animal habitats are among King County's primary goals. This chapter establishes policies to protect the environment and enhance the region's high quality of life. Most of this chapter's policies provide a basis for either new non regulatory approaches or for existing regulations. Some new regulations are necessary to implement the policies. However, new regulations such as wetland mitigation banking offer flexibility compared with existing regulations. Every resident of King County has an equal right to a healthy and safe environment. This requires that our air, water, earth and food be of a sufficiently high standard that individuals and communities can live healthy, fulfilling and dignified lives. The duty to enhance, protect and preserve King County's environment rests on the shoulders of government, residents, resident groups and businesses alike. The Growth Management Act (GMA) requires that critical areas be designated and protected. Critical areas include wetlands, areas with a critical recharging effect on aquifers used for potable water, fish and wildlife habitat conservation areas, frequently flooded areas and geologically hazardous areas. This chapter establishes policies for designating and protecting critical areas. King County Code Title 21 A provides the regulatory framework for these policies. One of the most significant environmental issues facing King County is the recent listing· of salmon id species under the Endangered Species Act. Wild Pacific salmon have great cultural, economic, recreational and symbolic importance to the Puget Sound region. It is King County's goal to ensure long-term protection of our salmon resources to harvestable levels for today and tomorrow, with the least economic impact possible. Successful restoration and maintenance of healthy salmon populations will require time, money and effort, and collaboration with federal, state, tribal and local governments, as well as businesses, environmental groups, and citizens. To meet this goal, King County and the region will need to consider salmon when making decisions about land use and development, providing facilities and services, maintaining roads, parks, and flood control facilities, and building new capital improvement projects. Relative to land use, three types of environmental situations exist in King County. In highly developed urban areas, the quality and functions of most critical areas have been significantly affected by past development. Additional impacts in these affected areas will likely result from higher density development, but these impacts may be preferable than similar impacts to currently pristine areas, which can result in a net loss of the region's natural resources. Salmon-bearing streams and rivers do pass through many urbanized areas in King County. The challenge of this plan is to balance the need to meet urban density goals and prevent urban sprawl, while also ensuring such development occurs in accordance with the provisions and requirements of the GMA and the Endangered Species Act. To meet this challenge, a variety of regulatory and nonregulatory tools and programs will be needed. In other urban areas with low levels of development, significant critical areas are usually more intact than in highly developed urban areas. Onsite mitigation of new development, if designed well and monitored, may achieve resource protection. Achieving development goals must be balanced with protecting critical area functions and tailoring individual solutions by following the guidance of comprehensive plan policies that recognize both critical area protection and the need to reduce urban sprawl. September 2004 4-2 The Rural Area and Natural Resource Lands contain the bulk of King County's remaining wildlife and fisheries values. Protection of resources through land use planning and impact mitigation will be most successful in these areas, and it can occur with the least disruption to intended land uses. While critical areas within the Urban Growth Area will receive adequate protection, the emphasis is to protect and enhance critical areas in the Rural Area and Natural Resource Lands and to avoid impacts to specific animal species, such as salmon and bald eagles, that use or pass through the Urban Growth Area. These policies provide for a watershed-based approach to planning. This approach acknowledges that different areas of King County have different resource values and face different levels of development pressure, therefore different methods of protecting critical areas need to be developed to balance the protection of the environment with the need to reduce urban sprawl and preserve our quality of life. E-101 E-102 In addition to its regulatory authority, King County should use incentives to protect and restore the natural environment whenever practicable. Incentives should be monitored to determine their effectiveness. King County should take a regional role in environmental stewardship through direct education, coordinating of educational efforts and establishing partnerships with other entities that share similar environmental concerns or stewardship opportunities. King County needs to coordinate many programs with other agencies. Coordination with the Washington State Department of Ecology and affected jurisdictions is necessary to comply with mandates of the Clean Water Act that address point and non-point source pollution. Further coordination with air quality agencies, such as the Puget Sound Air Pollution Control Agency and Puget Sound Regional Council, is needed to exchange information and develop consistent programs. Coordination with water service providers who use groundwater sources is necessary to protect the region's groundwater quantity and quality. E-103 E-104 King County should coordinate with local jurisdictions, federal and state agencies, federally recognized tribes, citizen interest groups, special districts, and citizens to develop Water Resource Inventory Area plans for all areas of King County. Development of environmental regulations and restoration projects should be coordinated with local jurisdictions, federal and state agencies, federally recognized tribes, special interest groups and citizens when protecting and restoring the natural environment consistent with Urban Growth Area, Rural Area and Natural Resource Land goals. King County will use existing and updated subarea and functional plans and Water Resource Inventory Area plans to provide guidance to programs, regulations and incentives to protect and restore environmental quality. E-105 Environmental quality and important ecological functions shall be protected and hazards to health and property shall be minimized through development reviews and implementation of land use plans, Water Resource Inventory Area plans, suliace water management plans and programs, flood hazard reduction plans and park master plans. These plans shall also encourage restoration of critical areas as defined in the Growth Management Act, and include an adaptive management approach. 4.3 September 2004 E-106 King County wishes to create an equitable relationship with all citizens in the Rural Area who own and/or control potential development or redevelopment of property with critical and/or significant resource areas. However, some affected property owners may not wish to enter into a rural stewardship, or farm, or forestry stewardship plan and will choose to accept fixed regulations under the critical areas, clearing and grading, and stormwater ordinances. These property owners are entitled to have their property assessed at the true and fair value of real property for taxation purposes. The portion(s) of a property that are not developed or redeveloped due to environmental constraints shall be assessed to reflect the presence of physical and environmental constraints as provided in RCW 84.40.030 and K.C.C. 4.62.010, 4.62.020, and 4.62.030. E-107 The protection of lands where development would pose hazards to health, property, important ecological functions or environmental quality shall be achieved through acquisition, enhancement, incentive programs and appropriate regulations. The following natural landscape features are particularly susceptible and should be protected: a. Floodways of 100-year floodplains; b. Slopes with a grade of 40 percent or more or landslide hazards that cannot be mitigated; c. Wetlands and their protective buffers; d. Aquatic areas, including streams, lakes, saltwater shorelines and their protective buffers; e. Channel migration hazard areas; f. Designated wildlife habitat networks; g. Critical Aquifer Recharge Areas; h. Marine beaches, wetlands, intertidal and subtidal habitat and riparian zones including bluffs; i. Regionally Significant Resource Areas and Locally Significant Resource Areas; and j. Fish and Wildlife Habitat Conservation Areas, and other critical habitat areas identified for protection through Water Resource Inventory Area plans. E-108 Regulations to prevent unmitigated significant adverse impacts will be based on the importance and sensitivity of the resource. The presence of a species listed as endangered or threatened by the federal government may be considered an unusual circumstance and the county may use its authority under the State Environmental Policy Act (SEPA) to mitigate for significant adverse environmental impacts to that habitat that supports those species. E-109 King County should promote efficient provision of utilities and public services by exempting minor activities from its critical areas regulations, provided the agency has an approved best management practice plan approved by King County, and the plan ensures that proposed projects that may affect habitat of listed species be carried out in a manner which protects the resource or mitigates adverse impacts. September 2004 4-4 B. Air Quality 1. Overview The preservation of clean air is essential to the quality of life enjoyed by residents of King County. Since many of the long-term solutions to air pollution in our region now depend on land use and transportation decisions, King County must assume a more active role in maintaining the region's good air quality. Clean, healthy air is a major contributor to the health of the public. The elderly, those suffering from respiratory illness, and young children are especially prone to the harmful effects of air pollutants. People with chronic respiratory problems, such as asthma, are most sensitive to particular forms of air pollution, such as ozone and particulate pollution. Puget Sound Clean Air Agency (PSCAA) has the lead regulatory and monitoring responsibilities for the region in accordance with the Clean Air Act. PSCAA has a lead role in developing strategies to reduce these emissions throughout the region. King County will continue to work with PS CAA in implementing emissions reduction efforts. King County will monitor the government's own emissions and will work to develop policies and projects to reduce them. Further, as the land use authority for unincorporated King County and the governing body for Metro Transit, King County will consider the air quality in its own policy and planning efforts. The major improvements in air quality result from collaboration and partnerships among public agencies, and between public agencies and private interests. Examples of partnerships include: • Diesel Solutions partnership demonstrating the potential of ultra-low-sulfur diesel fuel; • Creation and implementation of the new rules regarding control of vapors from gasoline pumps at service stations, where collaboration between government and the private sector facilitated the development and are working on the efficient implementation of the rules' provisions; • Three stakeholder processes with businesses, governments and nonprofit to form consensus on implementation policies for ozone, particulates and greenhouse gases. 2. Ozone, Fine Particulate, Toxics Ozone will continue to be a focus for King County. Though the region has attained the National Ambient Air Quality Standards, the margin for failing and slipping back into a non attainment status is tight. The ozone strategy identified by PSCAA for our region focuses on reducing volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The PSCAA has stated that volatile organic compounds are the main concern. Emission of volatile organic compounds results mostly from petroleum refining, use, handling and combustion. In addition to ozone, there is a serious health threat from fine particulates. Diesel emissions are one of the county's largest sources of fine particulate emissions. King County's participation in the ultra-low sulfur diesel (ULSD) program, known as "Diesel Solutions," has made tremendous strides in cleaning up King County Metro's fine particulate emissions. Indoor burning and outdoor burning are a major source of fine particulates. Lastly, toxics are becoming an increasing concern for the region. Examples of air toxics include benzene, formaldehyde, mercury, and dioxins and literally thousands of other air toxics. The air quality impact of toxics are not be evaluated in isolation. Their greatest health risk comes from their combined effect. National air toxics assessment data indicate that air toxics risks in the Puget Sound region are in the top five percent in the nation. Local air monitoring data done by the State Department of Ecology indicates that diesel exhaust and wood smoke are key contributors to toxics. Diesel school buses are of particular concern. A recent study indicated that school children are exposed to toxics levels five to 15 times the exposure to the rest of the population because of the amount of time they spend on and around school buses. The Diesel Solutions 4-5 September 2004 Program is now concentrating on cleaning up the emissions from these buses. As a large urban- rural county, air toxics will continue to be a primary health risk. 3, Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Emissions Global climate change has and will continue to have local impacts. University of Washington climate scientists predict that the Cascade snowpack will be 50 percent less in as little as 50 years because of regional changes in climate. Likely results from this reduced snowpack are habitat degradation, deforestation from drought and fires, and less water for drinking, irrigation and hydropower generation. Recreational activities of fishing, skiing, boating, and rafting may be significantly curtailed. Beyond reduced snowpack, there will likely be coastline erosion from rising sea levels; more droughts and floods from more erratic weather patterns; increased ozone levels from warmer summers; heat-related deaths; and greater infestation of mosquito-related disease and forest pests. Climate scientists further assert that there will need to be a 60-80 percent reduction in GHG emissions below 1990 levels if the climate is to be stabilized. As of 2003, global emissions are already 10-20 percent above 1990 levels. Some permanent adverse effects from climate change are underway. Mobile sources, primarily on-road transportation, account for more than 50 percent of all GHG emissions in King County. Transportation emissions in the United States usually account for about 32 percent of GHG emissions. Therefore, transportation emissions present a distinctive challenge for the region. Vehicles and fuels also are the biggest contributors to ozone, fine particulates and toxics. Strategies to reduce GHG emissions from transportation generally fall into two categories: reduce vehicle GHG emissions and reduce vehicles miles traveled (VMT). For vehicle GHG emissions reductions, again there are two general approaches: use more fuel efficient vehicles or use alternative fuels. For efficient vehicles, Fleet Administration has been buying hybrid vehicles and King County Metro has recently purchased 235 hybrid buses. King County currently is reviewing the possibility of buying alternative fuels. For VMT reductions, King County will continue its work to expand transit service, support demand management and transit-oriented development, as well as variety of other approaches. King County recognizes that the global warming challenge is worldwide in its scope, and that much of the scientific community believes that potentially far reaching consequences to the environment and to humankind's quality of life may result if this issue is not addressed effectively. King County's actions are important contributors to addressing this issue; however, its global nature will require cooperation across state and national boundaries. 4. King County Actions In 2001, the King County Council and County Executive directed that there should be an inventory of air pollutants and GHG emissions from King County government operations. In 2002, King County completed its inventory. This inventory will continue to provide the focus for county policies and projects. The focus of King County air quality efforts is to engage in projects and changed practices that reduce county emissions and promote policies that incorporate consideration of air quality impacts. Examples of King County projects include the diesel solutions program and the retrofitting of transit vehicles as well as solid waste and roads vehicles to use ultra-low sulfur diesel; promoting the use of cleaner energy sources such as fuel cells at the Renton Wastewater September 2004 4-6 Treatment Plant, and pursuing all cost-effective energy conservation programs in county facilities to minimize the county's use of fossil-fuel-based energy sources. King County has undertaken study of how land use planning affects transportation choices and consequently air quality. The Land Use Transportation Air Quality and Health study will provide information how land use patterns can affect air quality. The study has found that greenhouses gas and regional air pollution decline steadily as housing density increases. E-110 E-111 E-112 E-113 E-114 E-115 E-116 E-117 King County shall work to reduce air pollutants and greenhouse gas emissions from its operations and seek to promote policies and programs that reduce emissions in the region. Reducing ozone, fine particulates and toxic emissions should be the top priority followed closely by greenhouse gas emissions. Motorized vehicle and other fuel burning engines related emissions are the primary source of ozone, fine particulate, toxics and greenhouse gas emissions in King County and therefore should be the primary focus for emissions reduction. A reduction in automobile use will have a direct benefit for improving air quality and should include initiatives such as: a. Increased transit services, options and alternatives; b. Ridesharing; and c. Innovative pricing programs to capture the true cost of driving. Improving vehicle efficiency and after treatment technology, as well as cleaning up petroleum fuels and fuel switching should be key strategies for reducing motorized vehicle related emissions. Such strategies should include: a. Support for state and federal initiatives that improve fuel economy and therefore reduce greenhouse gas emissions; b. Continued investment into cleaner fuels and related emissions treatment technologies; c. Support for alternative fuels where financially practicable. In addition to motorized vehicle related reductions, the county should support initiatives that reduce emissions due to indoor and outdoor wood burning consistent with the actions of PSCAA to control this source of public h ea Ith th real. King County should encourage its electricity suppliers to provide energy efficiency, renewable energy and mitigation for electricity sources that are powered by natural gas and coal. In addition, King County should encourage the state to require new fossil fuel power plants to mitigate for their carbon dioxide emissions. King County will continue to evaluate its own maintenance and operations practices including procurement for opportunities to reduce its own emissions or emissions produced in the manufacturing of products. King County should promote community designs that enable walking, bicycling and public transit use thereby reducing greenhouse gas emissions and regional air pollution. 4-7 September 2004 E-118 King County will continue to actively develop partnerships with the Puget Sound Clean Air Agency, local jurisdictions, the state, and public, private, not-for-profit groups to promote programs and policies that reduce emissions of ozone, fine particulates, toxics, and greenhouse gases. C. Water Resources King County's water resources include Puget Sound, rivers, streams, lakes, wetlands, marine nearshore and receiving waters of Puget Sound, and ground water. These resources provide many beneficial functions, including fish and wildlife habitat, flood and erosion control, water supply for agricultural, commercial, domestic and industrial use, energy production, transportation, recreational opportunities and scenic beauty. In order to preserve and enhance the water resources in King County, those resources must be managed as an integrated system, not as distinct and separate elements. The hydrologic cycle (the occurrence, distribution and circulation of water in the environment) is the common link among the water resources and describes their interdependence. Our use and modification of water resources and the surrounding terrestrial environment affects how the hydrologic cycle functions and can cause unintended detrimental impacts such as flooding, erosion, degradation of water quality, loss of fish and wildlife habitat, and loss of archeological and traditional cultural resources that depend upon but do not damage natural resources. In order to minimize adverse impacts on the water resources of King County and ensure our continued ability to receive the benefits they provide, we need to promote responsible land and water resource planning and use. E-119 E-120 King County shall use incentives, regulations and programs to manage its water resources (Puget Sound, rivers, streams, lakes, freshwater and marine wetlands and ground water) and to protect and enhance their multiple beneficial uses -including fish and wildlife habitat, flood and erosion control, water quality control and sediment transport, water supply, energy production, transportation, recreational opportunities and scenic beauty. Use of water resources for one purpose should, to the fullest extent practicable, preserve opportunities for other uses. Development shall support continued ecological and hydrologic functioning of water resources and should not have a significant adverse impact on water quality or water quantity, or sediment transport and should maintain base flows, natural water level fluctuations, groundwater recharge in Critical Aquifer Recharge Areas and fish and wildlife habitat. A watershed is an area that drains to a common outlet or identifiable water body such as Puget Sound, a river, stream, lake or wetland. There are six major watersheds in King County (Cedar River, Green River, Puget Sound, Skykomish River, Snoqualmie River and White River) divided into 72 individual basins that, in turn, contain numerous individual water bodies with small drainages. Surface and ground waters are. managed most effectively by considering potential problems and solutions for an entire watershed. Because watersheds frequently extend into several jurisdictions, effective planning and implementation must be.coordinated. E-121 King County shall integrate watershed plans with marine and freshwater surface water, ground water, drinking water and wastewater planning to provide efficient water resource management. E-122 As watershed plans are developed, zoning, regulations and incentive programs may be developed, applied and monitored so that critical habitat in September 2004 4-8 E-123 E-124 E-125 King County watersheds is capable of supporting sustainable and fishable salmonid populations. Watershed-based plans should define how the natural functions of watersheds critical to salmonids are protected so that the quantity and quality of water entering the streams, lakes, wetlands and rivers support salmonid spawning, rearing, resting, and migration. King County shall protect and should enhance surface waters, including streams, lakes, wetlands and the marine near shore and receiving waters of Puget Sound, on a watershed basis by analyzing water quantity and quality problems and their impacts to beneficial uses, including fish and wildlife habitat and flood and erosion control. Conditions of and impacts to the downstream receiving marine beaches and waters of Puget Sound shall be included in watershed management efforts. King County shall continue to participate in the Central Puget Sound Water Resource Planning effort. King County should protect and enhance the natural environment in those areas recommended as Aquatic Reserves by Washington State Department of Natural Resources. This should include participation in management planning for the aquatic reserves and working with willing landowners adjacent to the reserve on restoration and acquisition projects which enhance the natural environment. Responsibility for the costs of watershed planning and project implementation including water quality, flood hazard reduction and fisheries habitat protection, should be shared between King County and other jurisdictions within a watershed. King County contains a number of wetlands, river and stream reaches that are important to the viability of fish and wildlife populations and are therefore considered biological, social and economic resources. Some resource areas were previously identified through basin plans and other resource inventory efforts, and are categorized as either Regionally Significant Resource Areas (RSRAs) or Locally Significant Resource Areas (LSRAs). RSRAs contribute to the resource base of the entire Puget Sound region by virtue of exceptional species and habitat diversity and abundance when compared to basins of similar size and structure elsewhere in the region. These areas may also support rare, endangered or sensitive species, including threatened salmonids. LSRAs contribute to the aquatic resources within a specific basin, when compared to aquatic and terrestrial systems of similar size and structure elsewhere in the basin. They also provide wetland and stream habitat that is important for wildlife and salmonid diversity and abundance within the basin. As Water Resource Inventory Area plans are prepared in compliance with the Endangered Species Act, additional resource areas will be identified and analyzed to determine appropriate levels of resource protection. E-126 E-127 Watershed management plans, Water Resource Inventory Area plans, flood hazard reduction plans and master drainage plans should apply a tiered system of protection that affords a higher standard of protection for more significant resources. Resource categories should include Regionally Significant Resource Areas (RSRAs), Locally Significant Resource Areas (LSRAs), Fish and Wildlife Habitat Conservation Areas, and remaining resources. Where appropriate, additional designations shall be made as additional information on environmental functions becomes available. Regionally Significant Resource Areas (RSRAs) and Locally Significant Resource Areas (LSRAs) shall be mapped, designated by ordinance and protected at appropriate levels as part of early and long-term actions towards salmon conservation and recovery under the ESA. These designations shall 4-9 September 2004 be based on adopted basin plans or habitat/resource assessments completed for the Waterways 2000 program, but may be changed or new areas may be designated pursuant to recommendations of Water Resource Inventory Area plans. The Executive shall study the standards of protection needed for RSRAs and LSRAs. King County's Shoreline Management Master Program (Title 25 of the King County Code) is a functional plan developed in compliance with the Washington State Shoreline Management Act of 1971. The master program protects streams with a mean annual flow of 20 cubic feet or more per second, lakes that are 20 acres or more in size, the marine shoreline of Puget Sound and wetlands associated with these systems. E-128 Development within designated shoreline environments shall preserve the resources and ecology of the water and shorelines, avoid natural hazards, promote visual and physical access to the water, protect ESA listed species and their critical habitat, and preserve archeological, traditional cultural resources, shellfish resources, and navigation rights. Protection of critical areas shall take priority over visual values and physical access. Puget Sound was included in the National Estuary Program in March 1988. The National Estuary Program requires that a comprehensive conservation and management plan for Puget Sound recommend actions to restore and protect the estuary. The 1994 Puget Sound Water Quality Management Plan is the federally approved comprehensive conservation and management plan for Puget Sound. E-129 King County shall implement the Puget Sound Water Quality Management Plan to restore and protect the biological health and diversity of the Puget Sound Basin. Rivers, streams, lakes and wetlands must be protected from the adverse impacts of urbanization and land use to continue functioning in a beneficial manner. Because urbanization increases stormwater runoff, control of the quantity and quality of stormwater runoff is critical. Unmitigated stormwater runoff can cause erosion, sedimentation and flooding with resulting adverse impacts on water quality, fish and wildlife habitat, property and human safety. In addition, stormwater runoff can carry pollutants such as oil, heavy metals, fertilizers, herbicides, pesticides and animal wastes into waters. Sedimentation from soil disturbed by clearing, grading, farming and logging can reduce river or stream channel capacity, fill lakes and wetlands, and smother aquatic life and habitat. Methods of stormwater management include clearing restrictions, retention/detention, low-impact development methods, discharge and infiltration standards, and best management practices. E-130 Stormwater runoff shall be managed through a variety of methods, with the goal of limiting impacts to aquatic resources, reducing the risk of flooding, protecting and enhancing the viability of agricultural lands and promoting groundwater recharge. Methods of stormwater management shall include temporary erosion and sediment control, flow control facilities, water quality facilities as required by the Surface Water Design Manual, and best management practices as described in the Stormwater Pollution Control Manual. Runoff caused by development shall be managed to prevent adverse impacts to water resources and farmable lands. Regulations shall be developed for lands outside of the Urban Areas that favor nonstructural stormwater control measures when feasible including: vegetation retention and management; clearing limits; limits on actual impervious surface and September 2004 4-10 impacting impervious surface; low-impact development methods that disburse runoff into native vegetation; and limits on soil disturbance. The Federal Clean Water Act requires states to prepare a list of water bodies that do not meet water quality standards. This list, known as the 303(d) list, is prepared for Washington State by the State Department of Ecology, and must be submitted to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) every two years. The water bodies on the list consist of "water quality limited" estuaries, lakes, rivers and streams that fall short of state surface water quality standards, and are not expected to achieve standards after implementation of technology-based controls. These standards are intended to ensure that our waters can be beneficially used for purposes we all enjoy, from fishing, swimming, boating, and drinking to industrial and agricultural purposes, and fish habitat. The beneficial uses that are intended to be protected by water quality standards are those that have existed or could have existed in the waterbody from November 1975 or later. EPA requires that states set priorities for cleaning up impaired waters and establish a Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) for each. A TMDL, or water cleanup plan, entails analysis of how much pollution a waterbody can receive and still support its beneficial uses. The cleanup plan also includes recommendations for controlling pollution sources and a monitoring plan to test the plan's effectiveness. TMDL's have been approved by EPA for the Snoqualmie River, Lake Ballinger, Pipers Creek, Lake Fenwick, Lake Sawyer, and the Duwamish River and Lower Green. A complete listing of TMDLs and the 303(d) list can be found on the Department of Ecology's web site at http://www.ecy.wa.gov/. E-131 Surface waters designated by the state as Water Quality Impaired under the Clean Water Act (water bodies included on the State 303(d) list) shall be improved through monitoring, source controls, best management practices, enforcement of existing codes, and Total Maximum Daily Load plans (TMDLs). The water quality of all other state-classified water bodies shall be maintained or improved through these same measures, and other additional measures that may be necessary to ensure there is no loss of existing beneficial uses. Any beneficial uses lost since November 1975 shall be restored wherever practicable, consistent with the Federal Clean Water Act. There are approximately 3,126 miles of rivers and streams in King County. The river and stream channels, the surrounding riparian (streamside) areas and upland areas all contribute to the functioning and integrity of rivers and streams. Many rivers and streams provide critical habitat for many species of wildlife and fish, including salmonids. E-132 River and stream channels, stream outlets, headwater areas, and riparian corridors should be preserved, protected and enhanced for their hydraulic, hydrologic, ecological and aesthetic functions, including their functions in providing woody debris sources to salmonid-bearing streams. There are approximately 700 lakes in King County ranging in size from less than one acre to Lake Washington. These lakes provide critical habitat for many species of fish and wildlife, including salmonids, as well as recreational opportunities and scenic beauty. Development near lakes can alter their functioning and lead to eutrophication (increases in nutrients). Eutrophication promotes the excessive growth of plant and animal life with the eventual depletion of oxygen levels caused by decay of the excess organic matter. E-133 Lakes should be protected through management of lake watersheds and shorelines. Lakes sensitive to nutrients shall be protected through the management of nutrients that stimulate algae blooms and aquatic plant growth. Where sufficient information is available, measurable standards for lake quality should be set and management plans established to meet the 4-11 September 2004 standards. Formation of lake management districts or other financing mechanisms should be considered to provide the financial resources necessary to support actions for protection of sensitive lakes. Wetlands are valuable natural resources in King County. They include shallow or deep marshes, bogs, ponds, wet meadows, forested and scrub-shrub communities and other lands supporting a prevalence of vegetation adapted to saturated soils. Many of the larger wetlands in King County are mapped in the County's Sensitive Areas Map Folio, and their vegetation, hydrology and wildlife are briefly described in the King County Wetlands Inventory. E-134 E-135 King County shall use as minimum standards the Washington State Wetlands Identification and Delineation Manual, 1997, or its successor which is adopted by the King County Council and is the scientifically accepted replacement methodology based on better technical criteria and field indicators. King County shall categorize wetlands using the Washington State Wetland Rating System for Western Washington or its successor. King County shall work with other jurisdictions and federally recognized tribes to establish uniform countywide wetlands policies that provide protection of both regionally and locally unique wetlands. Wetlands are productive biological systems, providing habitat for fish and wildlife. They may serve as outdoor classrooms for scientific study. Some are used for hiking, hunting, and fishing. Wetlands also store flood waters and control runoff, thereby reducing flooding, downstream erosion and other damage. Further, wetlands protect water quality by trapping sediments and absorbing pollutants. They discharge ground water, making it available to plants and animals. Wetlands store peak flows and discharge to streams in dry periods, thus enabling fish and other riparian animal populations to survive. These wetland functions need consideration from a watershed perspective. Measures to protect wetland functions and values need to be taken at both the site-specific and watershed scale. In the urban area, land use authority is often shared by multiple jurisdictions at the scale of a drainage basin. Similarly, efforts to protect and restore wetlands may be sponsored by multiple parties, including local governments. E-136 E-137 King County's overall goal for the protection of wetlands is no net loss of wetland functions and values within each drainage basin. Acquisition, enhancement, regulations, and incentive programs shall be used independently or in combination with one another to protect and enhance wetlands functions and values. Watershed management plans, including Water Resource Inventory Area plans, should be used to coordinate and inform priorities for acquisition, enhancement, regulations, and incentive programs within unincorporated King County to achieve the goal of no net loss of wetland functions and values within each drainage basin. Development adjacent to wetlands shall be sited such that wetland functions and values are protected, an adequate buffer around the wetlands is provided, and significant adverse impacts to wetlands. are prevented. The functions and values of a wetland will change as land use surrounding the wetland changes. Development-related changes in forest cover and impervious surface affect stormwater runoff patterns, flooding, water quality, and wetland hydrology. Fragmentation of habitat is considered the greatest threat to native biodiversity. Wetlands in the Urban Growth Area will experience the greatest reduction in the number of native animals and plants due to habitat fragmentation. Protecting native species biodiversity depends upon maintaining biological linkages, supporting the natural processes (like hydrology) that shape wetland habitat, and preventing fragmentation of September 2004 4·12 wetland habitats. Small wetlands strategically located between other wetlands may provide important biological links between other, higher quality wetlands. Wetlands adjacent to habitat networks also are especially critical to wildlife functions and should receive special consideration in planning land use. E-138 E-139 E-140 E-141 E-142 E-143 Areas of native vegetation that connect wetland systems should be protected. Whenever effective, incentive programs such as buffer averaging, density credit transfers, or appropriate nonregulatory mechanisms shall be used. The unique hydrologic cycles, soil and water chemistries, and vegetation communities of bogs and fens shall be protected through the use of incentives, acquisition, best management practices, and implementation of the King County Surface Water Design Manual to control and/or treat stormwater within the wetland watershed. Public access to wetlands for scientific, recreational use, and traditional cultural use is desirable, providing that public access trails are carefully sited, sensitive habitats and species are protected, and hydrologic continuity is maintained. Regulatory approaches for protecting wetland functions and values, including the application of wetland buffers, should consider wetland functions and values, intensity of surrounding land uses, and basin conditions. King County should continue to review wetland research and evaluate the need for changes in its wetland protection programs. Enhancement or restoration of degraded wetlands may be allowed to maintain or improve wetland functions and values provided that all wetland functions are evaluated in a wetland management plan, and adequate monitoring, code enforcement and evaluation is provided and assured by responsible parties. Restoration or enhancement must result in a net improvement to the functions of the wetland system. Technical assistance to small property owners should be considered. Alterations to wetlands may be allowed to: a. Accomplish a public agency or utility development; b. Provide necessary utility, stormwater tightline and road crossings; or c. Avoid a denial of all reasonable use of the property, provided all wetland functions are evaluated, the least harmful and reasonable alternatives are pursued, affected significant functions are appropriately mitigated, and mitigation sites are provided with monitoring. When adverse impacts cannot be avoided, compensatory mitigation may be allowed. This means the replacement of project-induced losses of wetland functions and values will be permitted through wetland creation, restoration or enhancement. The county recognizes that, especially in the Urban Growth Area, allowing alteration of small Category IV wetlands in exchange for compensatory mitigation contributes to a larger connected wetland system and may achieve greater resource protection. E-144 A small Category IV wetland that is less than 2,500 square feet and that is not part of a wetland complex may be altered to move functions to another wetland on site as part of an approved mitigation plan. 4-13 September 2004 E-145 E-146 E-147 Mitigation sites should replace or augment the functions and values to be lost as a result of the project proposal. Wetland mitigation proposals should be approved if they would result in improved overall wetland functions and values within a drainage basin. All wetland functions and values should be considered. Mitigation sites should be located strategically to alleviate habitat fragmentation, and avoid impacts to and prevent loss of farmable land within Agricultural Production Districts. Mitigation projects should contribute to an existing wetland system or restore an area that was historically a wetland. The goal for these mitigation projects is no net loss of wetland functions and values within a drainage basin. Land used for wetland mitigation should be preserved in perpetuity. Monitoring and maintenance in conformance with King County standards should be provided by the project proponent until the success of the site is established. Mitigation banks are a form of regional compensatory mitigation, with the goal providing greater resource protection and benefit to the public. A mitigation bank allows for the consolidation of multiple, small mitigation projects into a large-scale wetland complex, resulting in economies of scale in planning, implementation and maintenance. Consolidation also can result in wetlands of greater value because of their size and the commitment to long-term management. Mitigation banking allows a project proponent to generate bank credits by contributing to the creation or restoration of the bank site. E-148 E-149 The county in partnership with jurisdictions and interested parties should implement the wetland mitigation banking program. Creation of wetland mitigation banks is not allowed in the Agricultural Production District when the purpose is to compensate for filling wetlands for development outside the APD. Floodplains are lands adjacent to lakes, rivers and streams that are subject to periodic flooding. Floodplains naturally store flood water, protect water quality and are valuable for recreation, agriculture and fish and wildlife habitat. Floodplains also provide a deposition zone for sediments mobilized by rivers and streams. Wetlands are often an integral part of floodplains. Floodplains are designated based on the predicted frequency of flooding for a particular area. For example, a 1 DO-year floodplain is a land area that has a one percent probability of experiencing flooding in any given year. Development can reduce the floodplain's ability to store and convey floodwaters, thereby increasing the velocity and depth of floodwaters in other areas. In addition, floodplain development often occurs at the expense of important fish and wildlife habitat. King County has adopted the Flood Hazard Reduction Plan to provide guidance for decisions related to land use and flood control activities. E-150 The existing flood storage and conveyance functions and ecological values of floodplains, wetlands, and riparian corridors shall be protected, and should, where possible, be enhanced or restored. E-151 King County's floodplain land use and floodplain management activities shall be carried out in accordance with the King County Flood Hazard Reduction Plan. September 2004 4·14 Protecting ground water is an important regional issue because ground water provides approximately 30 percent of the water used in King County. The natural hydrologic system can be altered by development practices and overuse of the aquifer. The result may be depletion of aquifers. Ground water is also subject to contamination from human activity. Once a source of ground water is contaminated it may be lost forever. The cost of protection is considerably less than the cost of remediation and replacement. E-152 E-153 E-154 E-155 E-156 E-157 King County shall identify areas in unincorporated King County that are considered Critical Aquifer Recharge Areas and maintain a map that designates these areas. The county shall update this map periodically with new information from adopted groundwater and wellhead protection studies and other relevant sources. King County should protect the quality and quantity of ground water countywide by: a. Implementing adopted Groundwater Management Plans; b. Reviewing and implementing approved Wellhead Protection Programs in conjunction with cities, state agencies and groundwater purveyors; c. Developing, with affected jurisdictions, best management practices for development and for forestry, agriculture, and mining operations based on adopted Groundwater Management Plans and Wellhead Protection Programs. The goals of these practices should be to promote aquifer recharge quality and to strive for no net reduction of recharge to groundwater quantity; and d. Refining regulations to protect Critical Aquifer Recharge Areas and well- head protection areas. King County should protect groundwater recharge quantity by promoting methods that infiltrate runoff where site conditions permit, except where potential groundwater contamination cannot be prevented by pollution source controls and stormwater pretreatment. In making future zoning and land use decisions which are subject to environmental review, King County shall evaluate and monitor groundwater policies, their implementation costs, and the impacts upon the quantity and quality of ground water. The depletion or degradation of aquifers needed for potable water supplies should be avoided or mitigated, and the need to plan and develop feasible and equivalent replacement sources to compensate for the potential loss of water supplies should be considered. King County should protect ground water in the Rural Area by: a. Preferring land uses that retain a high ratio of permeable to impermeable surface area and that maintain or augment the infiltration capacity of the natural soils; and b. Requiring standards for maximum vegetation clearing limits, impervious surface limits, and, where appropriate, infiltration of surface water. These standards should be designed to provide appropriate exceptions consistent with Policy R-231. King County shall use the Vashon-Maury Island Rapid Rural Reconnaissance Report, the ongoing Vashon-Maury Island Water Resources Evaluation and other studies to direct appropriate policy and planning actions that may be necessary to protect the groundwater and surface water resources. Pending completion and implementation.of the evaluation and studies, applicants for 4·15 September 2004 new on-site sewage disposal permits on Vashon-Maury Islands shall be required to demonstrate the following: a. That the location of the on-site sewage disposal system is not within 200 feet of the documented boundaries of upper-aquifer groundwater contamination or a surface water body or stream; b. That the new on-site sewage disposal system is designed to replace an existing disposal system and is likely to reduce impacts to ground and surface waters; or c. That, if the size or features of a parcel make it infeasible to satisfy the 200-foot setback provided in subsection (a) above, the proposed onsite sewage disposal system uses the best available technology to reduce potential impacts to ground and surface waters. In such circumstances, the county may require periodic monitoring. D. Erosion and Landslide Hazards King County is located on the active, tectonic Pacific "Ring of Fire," which is characterized by numerous, dynamic geologic processes that include frequent earthquakes and recurring volcanic eruptions. The relatively recent glacial history has left numerous steep and unstable hillsides throughout the county. Because of these steep and unstable hillsides, many areas of the county are prone to naturally occurring landslides and tree falls. Snow avalanches are also a common occurrence in the Cascade Mountains in Eastern King County. Often times the result of these naturally occurring events can be beneficial to the environment, by providing gravel and woody debris in streams and rivers, and continuing the process of natural regeneration. Salmon need gravel for spawning and in-stream debris for cover and to provide shade and regulate temperature. King County must balance the positive benefits of these natural occurrences with any adverse impacts that pose a threat to public health and safety. The county must also strike a balance between allowing naturally occurring landslides and erosion, and the need to prevent the unnatural acceleration of landslides and erosion due to development activities. Coal mines have created additional areas of subsidence and instability in addition to those which occur naturally. When human activity occurs in areas subject to such active geologic processes, the potential consequences to life, property and environmental integrity can be enormous. If geologic processes are recognized and appropriately addressed in the course of development activities, adverse consequences can be substantially reduced if not completely eliminated. King County maintains inventories and maps of geologic hazards in the King County Sensitive Areas Map Folio. 1. Erosion Hazard Areas Virtually any area in King County can experience soil erosion if subjected to inappropriate grading and construction practices. The U.S. Department of Agriculture Soil Conservation Service has identified certain soil types in King County as being especially subject to erosion, if disturbed. The approximate extent of these areas is shown in the King County Sensitive Areas Map Folio. These Erosion Hazard Areas may not be well suited to high-density developments and intensive land uses because of the sensitivity of these soils to disturbance. E-158 Grading and construction activities shall implement erosion control best management practices and other development controls as necessary to reduce sediment and pollution discharge from construction sites to minimal levels. E-159 Land uses permitted in Erosion Hazard Areas shall minimize soil disturbance and should maximize retention and replacement of native vegetative cover. September 2004 4-16 E-160 Slopes with a grade of 40 percent or more shall not be developed unless the risks and adverse impacts associated with such development can be reduced to a nonsignificant level. No-disturbance zones shall be designated where basin plans identify the need to prevent erosion damages in areas that are extremely sensitive to erosion impacts. Properly designed stormwater tightlines may be allowed within designated no-disturbance zones. Vegetation is an important component of the natural environment. This general term refers to all plant life growing at, below or above the soil surface. It includes trees, shrubs, herbs, grasses and aquatic plants. Vegetation, especially forests, provides many significant ecological functions. Vegetation absorbs, filters and slows surface water flow. This is particularly important over aquifer recharge areas. Native vegetation also provides wildlife habitat to which native species are well adapted. Forests are key components in atmospheric cycles; they absorb carbon dioxide, produce oxygen and filter particulate matter. Additionally, they absorb noise and are aesthetically pleasing. Noxious weeds are nonnative invasive plants that pose a threat to health and safety, agriculture, wildlife, wetlands and recreational areas. They tend to spread in areas that have been disturbed by urban development and agriculture and are difficult to eradicate once they become established. Without natural predators, some noxious weeds can displace native plant communities, reducing plant diversity. Invasive plants also decrease the quality of wildlife habitats, reduce visual quality, and increase maintenance and production costs for natural resource managers and farmers. E-161 King County should protect native plant communities by encouraging management and control of nonnative invasive plants, including aquatic plants. Environmentally sound methods of vegetation control should be used to control noxious weeds. E-162 Through training and other programs, King County should actively encourage the use of environmentally safe methods of vegetation control. Herbicide use should be minimized. King County should be a good steward of public lands and protect water quality, by reducing the use of insecticides, herbicides and fungicides through the use of integrated pest and vegetation management practices. E-163 The use of native plants should be encouraged in landscaping requirements and erosion control projects, and in the restoration of stream banks, lakes, shorelines, and wetlands. E-164 In response to watershed-based salmon conservation Water Resource Inventory Area plans and as part of King County's continued basin planning and stewardship programs, King County may adopt vegetation retention goals for specific drainage basins. These goals should be consistent with Policy R-232, as applicable. The county should adopt incentives and regulations to attain these goals, and the county should monitor their effectiveness. 2. Landslide and Avalanche Hazard Areas Certain hillsides in King County are either naturally unstable or susceptible to instability when disturbed. These hillsides contain slopes greater than 15 percent, are underlain by impermeable soils, and are subject to seepage. They also include areas that have experienced landslides in the past and have slopes that are being undermined by stream or beach erosion. Construction in these areas is expensive and difficult. Landslides on such slopes following development can 4-17 September 2004 result in enormous public and private costs and severe threats to human health and safety. Such landslides can also cause severe natural resource damage. Many of the mountainsides in the Cascade Range in Eastern King County are subject to snow avalanches during the winter. Such avalanches are destructive and can be deadly. King County supports all efforts to monitor and share information regarding avalanche dangers and to alert the public of those dangers. E-165 Avalanche or Landslide Hazard Areas should not be developed unless the risks and adverse impacts associated with such development can be reduced to a nonsignificant level. Development proposed in or adjacent to avalanche or landslide hazard areas shall be adequately reviewed and mitigated to ensure development does not increase landslide or erosion hazards that would adversely impact downstream properties or natural resources. 3. Coal Mine Hazard Areas King County has a long and varied history of underground and surface coal mining. Some coal mining was conducted by large, well-capitalized mining companies which used methods such as detailed underground and surface mapping and protection of surface improvements. Other mines were small operations or remining operations that sought to maximize coal extraction with less regard for surface impacts or mapping. Some intensively developed areas of King County are located over abandoned underground coal workings, including Talbot Hill and the north Benson Hill of Renton, the Spring Glen area around Cascade Vista, East Fairwood, Black Diamond, southwest Issaquah, and the Newcastle/Coal Creek area. The greatest dangers to people, wildlife and surface facilities typically exist around mine portals, timber chutes, air shafts, and workings which have collapsed to the surface. Other areas were deep mined by "room and pillar" mining techniques in which "pillars" of coal were left to provide support for the mining of adjacent "rooms." Once abandoned, pillars would collapse and rooms of mined-out coal would fill with collapsed roof material, coal debris and water. Regional downwarping of these areas was generally not observable and usually happened in the early years following mining of a section. Deep mined areas with a high ratio of overburden/cover-to- void usually present no hazards for surface development. However, areas with low overburden/cover-to-void ratio present higher risks and may require more advanced investigations and construction techniques for development. Mine portals, timber chutes, airshafts, and workings which have collapsed to the surface require the greatest need for detailed engineering studies to ensure that these sites are safe for new, productive use. E-166 King County encourages the elimination of coal mine hazard areas and will work with public and private property owners and the Office of Surface Mining, Reclamation, and Enforcement to eliminate hazards and return lands to their highest productive uses. Land use plans and development activities should reflect the potential hazards in these areas. Residential, commercial, and industrial development may occur in coal mine hazard areas following study and engineering reports which detail the extent of the hazards, if any, and mitigation. Significant hazards associated with abandoned coal mining workings should be eliminated or mitigated so the site is safe using appropriate criteria to evaluate the proposed subsequent use. King County recognizes that most areas underlain by deep underground mining may be suitable for new development. Landowners and their consultants may be required to provide studies and reports with recommendations from licensed, professional engineers. Proposed surface facilities over some hazard areas may need to incorporate special design and performance tolerances for structures and infrastructure improvements. The location and September 2004 4-18 • declassification of coal mine hazard features should be shown on recorded plat maps or site plans of the property. When new information regarding the location of coal mine hazard areas is discovered, it should be added to or deleted from existing maps and databases that record coal mine hazard area information. King County is an earthquake-prone region subject to ground shaking, seismically induced landslide and liquefaction of soil. Areas with low-density soils are likely to experience greater damage from earthquakes. Areas in King County with a high potential for seismic induced subsidence, landslide, and other damages are shown in the King County Sensitive Areas Map Folio under seismic and landslide hazard areas. E-167 E-168 In areas with severe seismic hazards, special building design and construction measures should be used to minimize the risk of structural damage, fire and injury to occupants and to prevent post-seismic collapse. King County should support efforts to model the effects of a mudflow comparable to the prehistoric mudflow which occurred in the White River drainage basin. E. Fish and Wildlife It is King County's goal to conserve fish and wildlife resources in the county and to maintain countywide biodiversity. This goal may be achieved through implementation of several broad policy directions that form an integrated vision for the future. Each of the pieces is necessary for the whole to be successful. The policy objectives are to 1) identify and protect critical fish and wildlife habitat conservation areas, 2) link those critical habitat areas and other protected lands through a network system, and 3) integrate fish and wildlife habitat and conservation goals into new and existing developments. Conservation of biodiversity is necessary if wildlife benefits currently enjoyed by residents of the county are to be enjoyed by future generations. E-169 E-170 E-171 The county shall strive to maintain the existing diversity of species and habitats in the county. In the Urban Growth Area, King County should strive to maintain a quality environment which includes fish and wildlife habitats that support the greatest diversity of native species consistent with the density objectives. The county should maximize wildlife diversity in the Rural Area. Fish and wildlife should be maintained through conservation and enhancement of terrestrial, air, and aquatic habitats. Habitats for species which have been identified as endangered, threatened, or sensitive by the state or federal government shall not be reduced and should be preserved. In the Rural Area and Natural Resource Lands, habitats for candidate species identified by the county, as well as species identified as endangered, threatened, or sensitive by the state or federal government shall not be reduced and should be preserved. The Growth Management Act requires jurisdictions to designate Fish and Wildlife Habitat Conservation Areas for protection. The Washington Administrative Code (WAC) sets out guidelines that jurisdictions must consider when designating these areas. As set forth in the WAC guidelines, Fish and Wildlife Habitat Conservation Areas include: a. Areas with which endangered, threatened, and sensitive species have a primary association; b. Habitats and species of local importance; 4-19 September 2004 c. Commercial and recreational shellfish areas; d. Kelp and eel grass beds; herring and smelt spawning areas; e. Naturally occurring ponds under 20 acres and their submerged aquatic beds that provide fish or wildlife habitat; f. Waters of the state; g. Lakes, ponds, streams, and rivers planted with game fish by a governmental or tribal entity; or h. State natural area preserves and natural resource conservation areas. It is important to note that for some species, mere presence is not considered significant. Significant habitats, for some species, are those areas that may be limited during some time of the year or stage of the species life cycle. King County has reviewed these guidelines and has developed policies E-172 through E-176 that address the various species included in the WAC guidelines. These policies recognize the tiered listing of these species and their habitats as defined by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service and the Washington State Department of Fish and Wildlife. These policies also recognize the need to regularly review the information developed on species and habitats and amend the tiered listing as appropriate. E-172 E-173 September 2004 King County shall designate and protect, through measures such as regulations, incentives, capital projects or purchase, the following Fish and Wildlife Habitat Conservation Areas found in King County: a. Habitat for federal or state listed Endangered, Threatened or Sensitive species; b. Habitat for Salmon ids of Local Importance: kokanee/sockeye/red salmon, chum salmon, coho/silver salmon, pink salmon, coastal resident/searun cutthroat, rainbow trout/steelhead, bull trout, Dolly Varden, and pygmy whitefish, including juvenile feeding and migration corridors in marine waters; c. Habitat for Raptors and Herons of Local Importance: osprey, black- crowned night heron, and great blue heron; d. Commercial and recreational shellfish areas; e. Kelp and eelgrass beds; f. Herring, sand lance and smelt spawning areas; g. Wildlife habitat networks designated by the county, and h. Riparian corridors. King County shall also protect the habitat for the red-tailed hawk and for candidate species, as listed by the Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife, found in King County outside of the Urban Growth Area. King County should protect the following species of local importance, as listed by the Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife or listed by King County, on lands outside of the Urban Growth Area, where they are likely to be most successful. Protection should be accomplished through regulations, incentives or purchase. Species of local importance are: a. Mollusks -Freshwater mussel, Geoduck clam and Pacific oyster; b. Crustaceans -Dungeness crab and Pandalid shrimp; c. Echinoderms -Red urchin; d. Fish -White sturgeon, Pacific herring, channel catfish, longfin smelt, surfsmelt, Pacific cod, Pacific whiting, black rockfish, copper rockfish, 4-20 • E-174 E-175 E-176 quill back rockfish, yelloweye rockfish, lingcod, Pacific sand lance, English sole, and rock sole; e. Birds -Trumpeter swan, Tundra swan, Snow goose, Band-tailed pigeon, Brant, Harlequin duck, Blue grouse, Mountain quail, and Western bluebird; and f. Mammals -Marten, mink, Columbian black-tailed deer, elk, and mountain goat. King County should protect the following priority habitats listed by the Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife that are not otherwise protected by policies and codes. Protection should be accomplished through regulations, incentives or purchase. Priority habitats are: caves, cliffs, consolidated marine/estuarine shorelines, estuary, old growth/mature forest, unconsolidated marine/estuarine shorelines, snag-rich areas, and talus slopes. Development proposals should be assessed for the presence of species of local importance. A comprehensive assessment should follow a standard procedure or guidelines and shall occur one time during the development review process. King County should regularly review the Washington State Department of Fish and Wildlife's list of Priority Species and other scientific information on species of local importance, and evaluate whether any species should be added to or deleted from the list in Policies E-173 and E-174. Any additions or deletions should be made through the annual amendment process for the comprehensive plan. Existing buffer requirements for streams and wetlands are not intended to, and do not, always adequately protect wildlife resources in those sensitive areas. Areas with critical wildlife resources may need larger buffers to protect the resource. E-177 Stream and wetland buffer requirements may be increased to protect species of local importance, as listed in this chapter, and their habitats, as appropriate. Whenever possible, density transfers and/or buffer averaging should be allowed. Salmon are particularly important because of their significance to local and regional character, federally recognized tribes and the fisheries industry. Several salmon stocks within King County and other areas of Puget Sound are in a serious state of decline. Several salmon stocks within King County have been or are about to be listed under the Endangered Species Act. The most effective way to protect and enhance native fish populations is through protection of those river and stream channels, riparian corridors, lakes, wetlands, headwaters and watersheds that provide or impact spawning and rearing habitat, food resources and fish passage. Intermittent streams also can be critical to native fish populations. Hatcheries and other artificial propagation facilities that are managed to protect the abundance, productivity, genetic diversity, and spatial distribution of native salmon remain critical to maintaining sustainable salmon stocks and harvest opportunities while habitat protection and restoration measures for salmon are implemented. E-178 King County should protect salmonid habitats by ensuring that land use and facility plans (transportation, water, sewer, electricity, gas) include riparian and stream habitat conservation measures developed by the county, cities, federally recognized tribes, service providers, and state and federal agencies. Project review of development proposals within basins that contain hatcheries and other artificial propagation facilities that are managed to 4-21 September 2004 protect the abundance, productivity, genetic diversity, and spatial distribution of native salmon and provide harvest opportunities should consider significant adverse impacts to those facilities. Protection of isolated blocks of habitat will not adequately protect wildlife in King County. Critical wildlife habitats and refuges need to be connected across the landscape through a system of habitat networks. Some areas may be important because they connect other areas together. Network width is related to requirements of desired wildlife species, length of network segment and other desired uses within the network. Wider corridors will be required for larger species if the distance between refuges is great or if multiple uses, such as public access and trails, are desired. Since it may not be possible to protect wide corridors in the Urban Growth Area, it may not be possible to accommodate larger wildlife species in all areas. Networks will address some of the problems of habitat fragmentation for smaller species within the Urban Growth Area. Potential linkages are identified on the Wildlife Network and Public Ownership Map. Open spaces set aside during subdivision of land should be located to make connections with larger off site systems. This approach will also benefit other open space goals. E-179 E-180 Dedicated open spaces and designated sensitive areas help provide wildlife habitat. Habitat networks for threatened, endangered and priority species of local importance, as listed in this chapter shall be designated and mapped. Habitat networks for other priority species in the Rural Area should be designated and mapped. Planning should be coordinated to ensure that connections are made with adjacent segments of the network. King County should provide incentives for new development within the networks to incorporate design techniques that protect and enhance wildlife habitat values. King County shall also protect the habitat for candidate species, as listed by the Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife, found in King County outside of the Urban Growth Area. King County should work with adjacent jurisdictions, state and federal governments and federally recognized tribes during development of land use plans, Water Resource Inventory Area plans, and site development reviews to identify and protect habitat networks at jurisdictional boundaries. A key element in a comprehensive wildlife protection program is the integration of wildlife and habitats into developments of all types. Protection of many types of wildlife does not have to be at odds with many types of development. Urban multifamily projects, industrial developments, new school facilities and rural open space projects all provide opportunities to enhance wildlife amenities. Residential developers and businesses have been able to use wildlife in marketing strategies to attract more potential homeowners, renters and quality employees. Techniques such as minimizing clearing during site preparation, using native plant species in required buffers, landscaping, using bridges rather than culverts to cross streams and innovative site design can be used to promote wildlife and minimize problems with nuisance wildlife. Other plan elements, such as open space, road system design and housing density, also have related impacts on the remaining wildlife values that must be considered. Benefits to wildlife are enhanced if screening and landscaping is composed of native vegetation. Retention of natural vegetation can provide the same wildlife and aesthetic benefits at a lower cost. September 2004 4-22 E-181 E-182 E-183 New development should, where possible, incorporate native plant communities, both through preservation of existing native plants into the site plan, and addition of new native plants. The county should be a good steward of public lands and should integrate fish and wildlife habitats into capital improvement projects whenever feasible. Fish and Wildlife Habitat Conservation Areas should be protected and where possible, enhanced as part of capital improvement projects. The county should promote voluntary wildlife habitat enhancement projects by private individuals and businesses through educational and incentive programs. F. Soils and Organics Soils play a critical role in the natural environment. Healthy soils keep disease-causing organisms in check, recycle and store nutrients, and provide an important medium for air and water to pass through. The properties of a healthy soil are similar to those of a sponge, faucet and filter. They naturally regulate the flow of water, bind and degrade pollutants. The presence of millions of macro and microorganisms in soil creates a "vibrant soil culture" where organic material is consumed and air and water are retained. Nutrients are made available to plants to allow healthy root growth and oxygen generation. Human activity often causes soil compaction, removal and erosion of healthy, native soils. Fewer organisms are present in disturbed soils. The resulting decrease in organic matter inhibits the soil's ability to hold water, which increases surface water runoff. In addition, plants can not thrive in disturbed soils because of the lack of nutrients. This, in turn, causes people to use more chemical fertilizers, pesticides, and water to induce plant growth. Increasing the organic content in disturbed soils can help restore their environmental function. Composted organic materials that might be used include yard debris, food and wood wastes, soiled paper, biosolids and/or livestock wastes, but not fly ash from industrial smokestacks. Benefits of incorporating composted organic materials in soils include: improved stream habitat, healthier plants, and closing the recycling loop for organic materials. Organic soil content can be increased during the development process. Typically, in a new development, topsoil is removed, and then later replaced. Developers can incorporate composted organic materials during the construction process by replacing removed topsoil with organics in areas to be landscaped to mitigate the impacts of development. E-184 E-185 Conservation of native soils should be accomplished through various mechanisms to ensure soils remain healthy and continue to function as a natural sponge and filter, minimizing erosion and surface water runoff. Native soils should be retained on site and reused on site to the maximum extent possible. Organic matter should be used in disturbed soils, such as those found in developed areas, and shall be increased through various mechanisms. Organics comprise a large portion of the waste generated by King County residences, businesses and farms. This organic waste stream requires significant solid waste, farm management, and wastewater treatment resources. Many of these "waste materials" (yard debris, food and wood waste, soiled paper, biosolids, and agricultural livestock wastes), can be recycled and reused to provide numerous uses that are beneficial to the environment and the economy. 4-23 September 2004 King County has a long history of resource conservation and waste recycling. Programs have successfully captured organic materials for beneficial use such as yard debris, recycling and biosolids applications to farms, forests and composting. However, large volumes of yard debris and food scraps continue to be thrown away in the landfill. Significant volumes of livestock waste generated in the suburbs and rural areas are inadequately managed, which can adversely impact water quality and fish habitat. Although efforts are underway to increase the amount of organic materials that are recycled, the region still lacks the capacity to process all of these materials. Along with its efforts to promote beneficial use of these products, King County is working with organic material processors and others to try and increase the processing capacity in the region. The challenge will be for King County to secure funding sources to ensure that sufficient processing capacity is in place to handle a variety of organic waste materials. E-186 E-187 E-188 King County should implement programs to improve availability and markets for organic materials for soils that have been disturbed by new and existing developments. King County shall regard the region's organic waste materials as resources which should be reused as much as possible, and minimize the disposal of such materials. King County shall identify long-term options for expanding the organic waste material processing capacity in the county. King County seeks to divert as much material as possible from disposal to reduce overall costs of solid waste management, conserve resources, protect the environment, and strengthen the county's economy (see Chapter 7, Facilities and Utilities, Policy F-255). In many cases, organic materials can be recycled into a beneficial, highly valued resource helping to meet these diversion goals. Beneficial uses of organic materials include, but are not limited to, the following: King County recognizes that in most cases, the best management method for yard debris and livestock wastes is to compost it on the property where it is generated. Examples of residential onsite yard debris management techniques include grasscycling (leaving the grass on the lawn when it is cut) and backyard composting. E-189 E-190 King County shall promote and encourage the beneficial use of organic materials, including but not limited to their use in the following activities: agriculture and silviculture; road, park and other public project development; site development and new construction; restoration and remediation of disturbed soils; nursery and sod production; and landscaping. Organic materials do not include fly ash. King County agencies shall use recycled organic products, such as compost, whenever feasible. Biosolids are the nutrient rich organic product from the wastewater treatment process which can be recycled as a soil amendment. At King County's wastewater treatment plant, solids are removed from the wastewater and treated in large digesters where the organic solids are stabilized, reducing the volume by half. After digestion, a portion of water is removed, leaving the semisolid material ready for recycling. The Biosolids Management Program emphasizes beneficial use of the resource and pursues environmental stewardship through diverse public-private partnerships. One hundred percent of county biosolids are beneficially used through the forestry and agriculture programs. A portion of the biosolids are composted as a Class A product. September 2004 4·24 E-191 King County should explore ways to beneficially use biosolids, whenever feasible, locally. Supporting agriculture is a key growth management strategy and vital to quality of life for King County residents (see Chapter 3: "Rural Legacy and Natural Resources Lands"). However, improper livestock management practices can have significant adverse impact on surface water, ground water and air quality. On-farm composting as a method of managing livestock waste and other organic waste materials is becoming an important waste management strategy for farmers. Benefits of on-farm composting include: • Additional revenue from the sale of compost; • Reduced costs for water, fertilizers and pesticides, due to reduced water usage and reduced reliance on fertilizers and pesticides; • Reduced impacts to surface waters; and • Increased crop yields. King County has approximately 200 commercial farms and 10,000 noncommercial farms in cities as well as unincorporated areas. King County's Livestock Management Ordinance, Ordinance 11168 adopted in December 1 993, requires livestock owners to manage livestock waste so that it minimizes any impacts to streams. The Livestock Management Ordinance requires the preparation of farm plans to be developed jointly by farmers and the King Conservation District to assist in reducing water pollution from their operations. The conservation district provides technical assistance and education to agricultural landowners on how to implement best management practices for federal, state and local water quality regulations. These best management practices include slurry tanks and manure lagoons, the installation of fencing to keep stock from streams and wetlands, and development of plans for livestock manure storage facilities in accordance with the Sensitive Areas Ordinance. E-192 King County shall develop alternatives to improve onsite and offsite management of livestock wastes and recommend strategies to integrate processing livestock wastes with other organic waste materials. These strategies should be consistent with the King County Comprehensive Solid Waste Management Plan, including but not limited to on-farm composting and land application of processed yard debris. Alternative strategies for onsite and offsite management of livestock wastes shall be based on farm management plans, which protect water quality in streams and wetlands. Solid waste management and water quality programs should be developed to prevent liquid farm wastes from contaminating our watersheds. 4·25 September 2004 11._ Endangeretl Species Act In March 1999, The National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) listed the chinook salmon as "threatened" under the Endangered Species Act (ESA). In December 1999, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) listed the Puget Sound and Coastal Bull trout as threatened under the ESA. It is anticipated that listing of other salmon id species may follow in the near future. The listing of a species under the act is cause for great concern, because Wild Pacific salmon have great environmental, cultural, economic, recreational and symbolic importance to the Puget Sound region. It is King County's goal to ensure long-term protection of our salmon resources to harvestable levels for today and tomorrow, with the least economic impact possible. Successful restoration and maintenance of healthy salmon populations will require time, money and effort, and collaboration with federal, state, tribal and local governments, as well as businesses, environmental groups, and citizens. In accordance with the ESA, National Oceanic Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Fisheries issued regulations deemed necessary to provide for the conservation of Puget Sound chinook salmon and other West Coast salmonids. This rule, commonly referred to as a 4(d) rule, legally establishes the protective measures that are necessary and advisable to provide for conservation of a listed species. The rule also makes it a violation of the ESA for any person, government, or other entity to "take" a threatened species. ''Take" under the ESA includes altering habitat of a listed species such that it causes harm. Local governments in the Puget Sound region, in cooperation with state and tribal governments and other major stakeholders, established the Tri-County salmon conservation coalition to identify early actions and develop long-term conservation strategies. The early actions focus on protecting salmon habitat in order to preserve options for recovery. The long-term conservation strategy is being developed at the Watershed Resource Inventory Area (WRIA) level. The boundaries of WRIAs are defined under state regulations, and generally adhere to the watershed boundaries of major river or lake systems. King County is participating in the development Water Resource Inventory Area plans for WRIA 8 (Cedar/Sammamish Watershed), WRIA 9 (the Green/Duwamish Watershed), WRIA 7 (the Snohomish/Snoqualmie Watershed), about half of which is in King County, and WRIA 10 (the White/Puyallup Watershed), a small percentage of which is in King County. E-201 King County shall continue to participate in the Water Resource Inventory Area planning efforts and in other regional planning efforts, such as the Tri- County salmon conservation coalition and Shared Strategy for Puget Sound, to develop plans for each of the watersheds in King County. These plans shall: September 2004 a. Focus on early federally listed salmon id species first, take an ecosystem approach to management and seek to address management needs for other species over time; b. Identify early actions and long-term projects and programs that will lead to information on habitat conditions in King County that can enable the recovery of endangered or threatened salmonids, while maintaining the economic vitality and strength of the region; c. Address both King County's growth management needs and conservation needs; d. Be comprehensive and based on best available science as defined in WAC 365-195-905 through 365-195-925; 4-26 E-202 E-203 E-204 E-205 • e. Address water quality, water quantity and channel characteristics; f. Be developed in coordination with key decision-makers and stakeholders; and g. Provide for monitoring and adaptive management. King County has evaluated and will continue to evaluate programs and regulations to determine their effectiveness in contributing to ESA listed species conservation and recovery, and will update and enhance programs and plans where needed including evaluation of the zoning code, the Critical Areas Code, the Shoreline Master Program, the Clearing and Grading Code, the landscaping Code, the Surface Water Design Manual, the flood hazard reduction plan, regional wastewater services plan,_best management practices for vegetation management and use of insecticides, herbicides and fungicides, and best management practices for agricultural lands and forest lands under county authority. King County may amend these regulations, plans and best management practices to enhance their effectiveness in protecting and restoring salmonid habitat, using a variety of resources including best available science as defined in WAC 365-195-905 through 365· 195-925 and resource documents developed by the Tri-County salmon conservation coalition and the shared strategy. Through the Watershed Resource Inventory Area planning process, geographic areas vital to the conservation and recovery of listed salmon id species shall be identified. King County will evaluate this information to determine appropriate short and long-term strategies, including, but not limited to: designation of Fish and Wildlife Habitat Conservation Areas, development regulations (special district overlays, zoning, etc.) acquisitions, facility maintenance programs, and capital improvement projects. King County may use its authority under the Growth Management Act, including its authority to designate and protect critical areas, such as fish and wildlife habitat conservation areas, to preserve and protect critical habitat listed for salmonid species by developing and implementing development regulations and nonregulatory programs. King County shall, in cooperation with the cities, ensure a no net Joss of housing capacity that preserves the ability to accommodate the 2022 growth targets, while pursuing compliance with Endangered Species Act requirements. To achieve this goal, densities shall be increased on buildable lands, consistent with Policy U-463. 4·27 September 2004 -~ ( \---'.-- ') I I /) I I I l \ ( I I / ~J / \ \ \ I / () I I I ~P ... V, C <>. I .. ) Par!\ I ) 4 .,,,. \ ./ ' /'., _,,:-_: i / . -r ·-... . .._ ___ .-r;.-~~ ~-<l~·· er;-Way ·-,.,'\ . -~i;: ·-~ ) . ".-. ~ _: ) ,, C King County Com preh ensive Plan, 2004 Chapter Four, Environment m.\Jon~101ects\ccrfl)lan\2004\'2::,04 wi!d\te h1'b mxd "" AW C \\dd11117071:J IS·m\maps\2C0412\l<CCPl.awc_20C4 1229_2004 _w ·~lt a _hab pdt ~. -. . ... ~·-'--~-. -----------·--·-·-------- )....,·..-0 / ! ,t:::. ,, .. I ,. .,.,../"" ,) '· ·' . / .. ~/l' ~- . ~...,._~ . -f i p- l t,e information 1nciuded on Uus map h as been comp,oo by Kin!l County stafl from a v ar iety ot 101.m:1Bs ;1n d 1s subjoct 10 d ·1~~ witho u, nolic~ Kin;;i County m.1k1Bs n o representations or wasr ant iu, exp,ess or imp'~d . as to occ uracy, c o"1)!ete nen, timeliMS5, 01 righ1s to the use of s u::h inl omu.llQl'I King County sh;:oil not be liablo fOf an y gtt1Hnal ~ial ind .iect, 1nc1dental . or consoquont~I darna[ilils rlClud:ng, but not li/'Med M, lcsl re11FJm:u or !os1. pmlrt! resutt1l'lg lrom ttie use or misuse cl l he U1101mal 10n coolained on this map Any s,1lo c l t'1is ma p 01 iribrma.11on on th is map is prohibited e •ce~f by wr~ten permission cl Kir g C ounty The maps Jn the King County Comprehensive Plan and rrs technical appendices are produced wdh a computer geographic information system. They are reduced in s;ze but avaHable at a target scale. Wildlife Habitat Network and Public Ownership 2004 c=J City-Owned or Managed Land -King County Open Space System Lands ;::: __ J State Pa rk s and State-Owned Land -Federally-Owned Land [ ... _ 1 Incorporated Area s [_ __ 1 Tribal Lands ~ Wildlife Network '' .. ,, Alpine Lakes Wilderness Boundary Source: U.S. Forest Service, King County Depa rtmen ts of Assessments , Natural Resou rces and Parks, and Developmen t and Environmenta l Serv~es Nole: Public Ownership within incorporated areas and County-0,med Land other than parks are no r displayed (® King C:Ounty u 6 --------~--- 10 -~ .. N + Octobe r 2004 Cha ter Five Parks, Open Space and Cultural Resources Cha ter Five Parks, Open Space and cu1.1ura1 Resources The quality of life in King County is directly linked to the quality of our region's environment, with its diverse landscapes reaching from Puget Sound to the Cascade Mountains, scenic beauty and the variety of cultural and recreational opportunities that enrich our lives. These vital natural and cultural resources contribute to the physical, mental and emotional well-being of county residents and are integral to attracting employment and business activity. The policies in this chapter focus on the county's role as a regional leader in acquiring and protecting its system of county-owned parks and other open spaces and in supporting cultural opportunities such as music, theater, ethnic heritage museums, literary activities, public art collections, urban historic districts and rural landmarks. 5-1 September 2004 I. Parks, Becreatian and Open Space The Growth Management Act states that counties are the providers of regional services and local rural services, while cities are the appropriate providers of local urban services. As the regional government, King County manages a regional open space system of parks, trails, natural or ecological areas and working resource lands. While the cities are the managers of local park, trails and open space lands in the Urban Growth Area, King County will continue to be the provider of local park, trails and open space lands in the Rural Area. Population growth and associated development in recent years have transformed the county's landscape as forested and open lands have been converted to urban uses resulting in the fragmentation of wildlife corridors, riparian habitat and the depletion of working resource lands and open vistas. The policies in this section provide guidance for the open space system of lands the county owns and manages to protect the health of natural systems, provide recreational opportunities, shape community character, and help sustain agriculture and forestry economics. The policies also reinforce the county's focus on linking components of the open space system. Regional active and multiuse parks serve a countywide population and provide high-quality, highly developed facilities to support multiple events, large group gatherings and special events. Local rural park sites provide for active and passive recreation close to home. Local trails provide recreation, circulation within the local community and access to the regional trail system. Natural areas and some parks contain undeveloped or undevelopable acreage that remain in a natural or near natural state and support habitat and other ecologically significant attributes. Together these sites enhance environmental and visual quality and meet regional and local rural recreation needs. P-101 For the purposes of the King County Open Space system, "Regional Parks" shall mean sites and facilities that are large in size, have unique features or characteristics and serve communities from many jurisdictions, and "local" shall mean sites and facilities that predominantly serve communities in the unincorporated area. A. The Regional Open Space System of Parks, Trails, Natural Areas and Working Resource Lands The policies in this chapter provide t.he basis to develop a contiguous open space system, connecting and including active and passive parks, trails, natural areas and working agricultural and forest resource lands. The Open Space System map shows these publicly-owned open space lands and provides the basis for identifying the linkages necessary to strengthen the physical and functional connectivity of the county's open system. The following policies reinforce the importance of the county's open space system, and guide planning and management of appropriate recreational opportunities that best meet regional and local needs, preserve ecologically significant resources and protect working resource lands. Implementation of these policies is guided by the King County Park, Recreation and Open Space Plan, adopted in 1996 (and subsequent updates). P-102 King County shall be a regional leader in the provision of a regional open space system of parks, trails, natural areas, working resource lands, and flood hazard reduction lands. The regional network of open spaces provides September 2004 5-2 benefits to all county residents including: recreation facilities, conservation of natural and working resource lands, flood hazard protection and related programs, and services. Preservation will include wildlife corridors and riparian habitat, as well as open space areas separating urban and rural areas. B. Local Parks In the Rural Area, the large geographic area and dispersed populations, individual lots, low residential density and economies of site management dictate fewer individual park sites. Nearby regional parks and other open spaces also provide recreational opportunities. King County's role in the Rural Area will reflect rural levels of service. P-103 Local parks, trails and other open spaces that complement the regional system should be provided in each community, in Rural Areas, to enhance environmental and visual quality and meet local recreation needs. King County shall provide local parks, trails and other open spaces in the Rural Area. P-104 King County should provide local parks within rural communities with fields and other facilities that provide opportunities for active sports. These facilities shall be in addition to and compatible with King County's regional park system. C. Components of the Regional Open Space System King County's regional open space system contains lands with many functions including active and passive recreation, special purpose sites such as pools and trails; natural areas, including waterways, greenways, and forested areas with educational, scientific, wildlife habitat, cultural or scenic values; working resource lands including agriculture and forest lands; and community- defining systems, including physical and or visual buffers between areas of urban and rural development. Many sites within the open space system serve more than one function, but each site serves a primary role within the system. 1. Active Recreation, Multiuse Sites and Trails King County's local and regional parks and facilities accommodate a wide range of active and passive recreation activities. Active recreation includes a functional system of highly developed sites with_organized, scheduled activities such as soccer and softball. Passive recreation includes activities such as informal play, hiking, walking, jogging and picnicking. Multiuse sites can include a combination of active recreation and passive recreation with less intensely developed facilities and natural areas. The Trail System is a major element of the recreation and natural systems and provides recreation and non motorized transportation, as well as corridors often used by wildlife. Regional programs serve a broad spectrum of users. These programs include those not generally viable for individual communities due to site or facility requirements or the unique nature of the offering requiring a broader user base to support them. Educational or interpretive programming promotes appropriate and enjoyable use of the park system. Public awareness of resources and their values builds support and stewardship for the system and its resources. P-105 King County shall provide regional parks and recreational facilities that serve users from many neighborhoods and communities. Regional parks include unique sites and facilities that should be equitably distributed. 5-3 September 2004 P-106 King County shall complete a regional trails system, linking trail corridors to form a countywide network. King County will continue to primarily own the land necessary for the operation and management of the trail. P-107 King County should facilitate educational, interpretive and aquatic programs on county-owned properties that further the enjoyment, understanding and appreciation of the natural, cultural and recreational resources of the park system and the region. P-108 King County should facilitate and seek regional and national programs and special events at regional sites and facilities. 2. Natural Areas (Ecological Sites) The King County Open Space system includes many sites whose primary purpose is to conserve and restore ecological value. These sites may allow public use that does not harm the ecological resources of the site. These natural areas include many environmental features of King County's landscape, which play a role in protecting a diversity of vegetation and fish and wildlife important to the beauty and character of the region. King County will focus on linking natural areas to create regional open space corridors of greenways and waterways along the major river systems, shorelines, and the Mountains-to-Sound Greenway. Preserving these areas in partnership with other agencies, private groups and individuals will provide multiple values including environmental and economic benefits of surface water management, aquifer recharge, and fish and wildlife habitat preservation and enhancement. P-109 P-110 King County will manage its natural areas to protect, preserve and enhance important natural resource habitat, biological diversity, and the ecological integrity of natural systems. King County shall recognize and protect the natural character and ecological value of its natural areas. These areas are important for preserving fish and wildlife and their habitat, native vegetation, and features of scientific and educational value. Development and public use may be limited to preserve the natural state and reduce disturbance of the natural resources. Site improvements should be focused on providing educational and interpretive opportunities. Public access should be directed to the less fragile portions of a site to ensure continued protection of the ecological resources. 3. Working Resource Lands The county's open space system includes lands that are managed as working farms and forests. The county has purchased several properties with the intention of conserving the resource use on the site. County ownership and management of these lands conserves the resource land base, allowing the resource activity to continue, while contributing to the local rural economy, providing education about agriculture and forestry, and providing passive recreational opportunities on some properties. The county's policies to conserve farmland and encourage agriculture are discussed in Chapter 3. The Farmland Preservation Program (FPP) is a county program that preserves farmland through the purchase of development rights. The farms in the FPP generally remain in private ownership. The county has purchased a farm outright in few cases, with the intention of reselling the land without the development rights to a private farmer. The county has developed a program to lease farms to small-scale farmers until such time that the property can be resold. September 2004 5-4 P-111 P-112 P-113 Farmland owned by King County shall contribute to the preservation of contiguous tracts of agriculture land and make affordable farmland available for use by small-scale and new farmers. Farmers leasing properties owned by King County shall use Agricultural best management practices, Integrated Pest Management and other sustainable farming methods. The use and management of farmlands owned by King County shall be consistent with any requirements imposed by the funding program used to purchase each property and shall serve to meet and enhance the objectives of the King County Agriculture Program. One element of the King County Forestry Program is the conservation of forestland through acquisition to allow forest management on the property. The working forests owned by King County are generally very large parcels of land (several hundred acres or more), which support sustainable forest management practices and contribute to the retention of a contiguous forest. These properties contribute to environmental protection, high-quality passive recreation, the public understanding of forestry, and scenic vistas. P-114 Forest land owned by King County shall provide large tracts of forested property in the Rural Forest Focus Areas and the Forest Production District (FPD) that will remain in active forestry, protect areas from development or provide a buffer between commercial forestland and adjacent residential development. P-115 Forest land owned by King County shall be used to sustain and enhance environmental benefits, demonstrate progressive forest management and research, and provide revenue for the management of the working forest lands. P-116 Forest land owned by King County shall provide a balance between sustainable timber production, conservation and restoration of resources, and appropriate public use. 4. Other Open Spaces Preservation of open space in the county is grander than the county system. Large areas of the county are owned and managed by federal agencies, the state, and other local jurisdictions that manage the land for environmental protection, resource production, or a wide range of recreation opportunities. Additionally, open space benefits are often provided by private land owners managing their land in ways that protect the environment, conserve natural resources, or provide open vistas. King County acquires for other reasons, such as flood hazards or providing needed public facilities. These lands can also contribute to open space conservation efforts. King County has acquired lands and manages facilities along major river and stream systems for the primary purpose of flood plain management and flood hazard protection. Major streams and rivers are vital components of the county's open space system, therefore the flood hazard reduction lands function as critical links in the county's open space network. King County will continue to maintain flood hazard reduction land and facilities within available funding levels. The county will also seek innovative measures for maintaining and improving flood protection, reducing maintenance costs, integrating flood protection and recreational opportunities, and achieving wildlife habitat protection and salmon recovery. 5.5 September 2004 D. Achieving the Open Space System Parks and other county-owned open space lands ensure a quality of life today and a legacy to generations of tomorrow. In King County, many types of open spaces and fish and wildlife habitat remain in private ownership end may be subject to future development. To ensure that these lands and resources are protected and to offer an alternative to acquisition, the county offers landowners a wide variety of tools to preserve their property. Policies outlining strategies for using these tools can be found in chapters 3, 4, and 7. Cooperation, coordination and partnerships with public agencies, private groups and individuals are necessary to develop the regional parks and open space system, to meet existing needs for park and recreation facilities and to accommodate the needs of growth. The Mountains-to-Sound Greenway, along the 1-90 corridor, is a successful model for coordination of efforts by public and private entities to protect the backbone of the county's open space system. King County will achieve the multiple benefits of resource protection and recreation by building partnerships and coordinating with providers and user groups of the parks and open space system. Working together, stewardship can be fostered and these lands and facilities can be enhanced, restored and operated more economically and efficiently to benefit all county residents. P-117 King County shall explore incentives, regulations and funding mechanisms to preserve, acquire and manage valuable park and open space lands. P-118 Parks, trails and other open space lands should be acquired and developed to meet adopted standards with a combination of public funds and dedications or contributions from residential and commercial development, based on their service impacts. P-119 Open space sites should be acquired when identified in the King County Park, Recreation, and Open Space Plan, adopted in 1996 (and subsequent updates), or when needed to meet adopted local park and recreation standard, or to protect contiguous tracts of working resource lands or ecological resources. P-120 Trails should be acquired when identified in the King County Trails Plan or when identified as part of a community trail network. P-121 King County shall be a leader in establishing partnerships with cities, adjacent counties, federally recognized tribes, state and federal agencies, school and special purpose districts, community organizations, nonprofit organizations, land owners and other citizens. The county and these partnerships should work to promote and protect all aspects of environmental quality and complete the regional parks and open space system, linking local and regional lands and facilities. P-122 Decisions on acquisition and development of park, trail, and other open space sites should consider funding needs for long term maintenance and operations. P-123 Open space lands shall be classified to identify the primary role in the open space system and purpose of acquisition as active recreation, trails, multi use, natural area or working resource lands. They will be classified as regional or local and the primary role and purpose of the site will be identified. September 2004 5-6 P-124 P-125 P-126 P-127 P-128 P-129 P-130 Lands preserved for public parks or open space should provide multiple benefits whenever possible. A variety of measures should be used to preserve and develop regional and local parks, trails and open space. Measures can include: county funding, partnerships, incentives, regulations, and trades of lands and shared development activities. Where local park districts have been created, King County will work in partnership with the districts to maximize resources and meet community goals. King County will adopt an entrepreneurial approach to managing and operating the open space system and work aggressively to implement multiple and appropriate strategies to sustain fiscally the open space system. Management of the regional open space system of Parks, Trails, Natural Areas and Working Resource Lands is guided by the King County Parks, Recreation and Open Space Plan, as adopted in 1996 (and subsequent updates). The plan includes policies on the management of parks and trails, natural areas, and resource lands. King County shall use park and recreation standards as adopted in the King County Park, Recreation and Open Space Plan, adopted in 1996 (and subsequent updates), as guidelines to evaluate and provide local parks, trails, and recreational services. In the Urban Area, King County shall work in partnership with other jurisdictions to facilitate annexation and transfer of local parks, trails and other open spaces to cities or other providers to ensure continued service to the community. King County should work with cities to share operational and maintenance costs of parks and other open spaces in unincorporated areas in which a substantial portion of the users are from incorporated areas. 5.7 September 2004 1,1. Cultural Resources Cultural resources make a significant contribution to the quality of life in King County. Arts and heritage organizations, public art and historic and archaeological properties contribute to the region's economic vitality, play an essential role in cultural tourism, and contribute significantly to the county's overall quality of life. As King County grows, the need to protect, support and enhance cultural opportunities and resources is essential in order to sustain livability. King County continues to play an important role in support and guidance for cultural resources in the region. While the creation of the CDA places operational responsibility for cultural resources with that body, the King County Council approves nominations for membership on the Authority Board, participates directly through board membership of three county council members; meets with the CDA board to receive annual reports on progress and discuss plans for the coming year, and similar functions. In the following policies and discussion, the term "cultural resources" refers to all performing and visual arts events, programs and facilities: public are; heritage events; programs and facilities; and historic properties. The term "historic properties" means all historic buildings, sites, objects, districts, and landscapes, prehistoric and historic archaeological resources, and traditional cultural places. P-201 P-202 King County shall protect cultural resources and promote expanded cultural opportunities for residents to enhance the region's quality of life and economic vitality. King County shall support the transmission of the region's cultural legacy, promote cultural education, and encourage the preservation and celebration of cultural diversity and creativity. County residents need arts and heritage opportunities that balance regional programs and facilities for attendance with a network of local community opportunities for participation and education. The regional cultural system is comprised of a regional and local infrastructure of cultural organizations, individuals and venues; an interjurisdictional program for historic resource protection; and region- wide enhancement of public places with art works. P-203 King County shall support and encourage development of regional cultural organizations, facilities, and services that address a countywide audience or are dedicated to unique and significant cultural themes or disciplines. P-204 King County shall support and encourage community cultural organizations, facilities, and services to provide opportunities for local access and participation by all residents throughout the county. A. Arts The region's artistic environment parallels its natural features in variety and richness. Its arts organizations, artists and opportunities are widely known and valued for their diversity, excellence and abundance of music, theater, dance, literary activity, and visual arts. September 2004 5-8 P-205 King County shall support excellence and vitality in the arts and support opportunities for attendance at and participation in diverse arts and cultural activities throughout the county. P-206 The Cultural Development Authority of King County or its successor organization_shall advise the King County Executive and the Council on programs, policies and regulations that support and increase access to the arts. 8. Historic Preservation Preservation of historic properties provides multiple benefits to the region; historic properties maintain a tangible connection with the historic and prehistoric past. They contribute character, diversity and aesthetic value to communities, particularly in times of rapid change. Historic attractions play a significant role in the region's appeal to tourists. Many municipalities do not have sufficient resources to administer an historic preservation program. As a result, the shared history of the region is endangered. Comprehensive and coordinated protection of significant historic properties is necessary in order to ensure that King County's collective history is preserved. P-207 King County shall administer a regional historic preservation program to identify, evaluate, protect and enhance, historic properties. P-208 The Landmarks Commission shall advise the King County Executive and the Council on programs, policies and regulations that support and enhance preservation and protection of significant historic properties. C. Public Art Collectively, public art is a regional resource that enhances community character and diversity, sparks imagination, and provides a direct cultural experience for county residents every day. For new or changing communities, public art is a powerful contributor to local character, sense of place and belonging. Public art can also help mitigate the adverse effects of new development. P-209 King County shall provide art in public facilities projects and places to enhance community character and quality of life. Maintenance and conservation shall be a consideration in the development and management of public art. King County undertakings (including public-private partnerships and development authorities) that include public funds or resources, have publicly visible physical components, or require mitigation should include public art. King County should encourage provision of public art in private development projects. P-210 The Cultural Development Authority of King County or its successor organization_shall advise the King County Executive and the Council on programs, policies and regulations that support and increase access to public art. D. Heritage Museums, historical societies, ethnic organizations and other heritage groups, and historians, archivists, folklorists and other heritage specialists enrich community life and provide cultural experiences for county residents and visitors. Without appreciation, preservation and stewardship of local history by heritage specialists, groups and organizations, the county's rich history would be lost. 5-9 September 2004 P-211 The Cultural Development Authority of King County or its successor organization shall advise the King County Executive and the Council on programs and policies that support and enrich King County's heritage. P-212 King County shall support, preserve and enhance its heritage and shall encourage opportunities for public attendance and participation in diverse heritage activities throughout the county. E. Cooperation Cultural resource management crosses jurisdictional boundaries and involves countless public and private players throughout the region. The range and complexity of cultural activity in the region requires coordination and cooperation. King County government is uniquely able to provide regional coordination and leadership. P-213 P-214 King County shall pursue its cultural resource goals by working with residents, property owners, cultural organizations, public agencies, federally recognized tribes, schools and school districts, and others. King County shall work with cities to protect and enhance historic resources and public art located within city boundaries and annexation areas. The county shall advocate for and actively market its historic preservation services to agencies and cities that could benefit from such services. Cultural facilities and services are needed in locations and ways that expand public access, broaden diversity of content and audiences and enhance cultural opportunities for all residents. P-215 King County shall encourage shared, multipurpose use of regional and community facilities for cultural activities to maximize their efficient use and to expand public access to cultural opportunities. F. Stewardship of Cultural Resources Historic preservation is an ongoing activity that requires identification and evaluation of resources, use of a variety of regulatory protection measures and incentives, and attention to long-term preservation, enhancement and interpretation. Land use planning should direct and coordinate patterns of development so as to minimize current and future conflicts with historic resources in urban and rural areas. P-216 King County shall encourage land uses and development that retain and enhance significant historic properties and sustain historic community character. County building and zoning codes and other regulations and standards should provide flexibility to accommodate preservation and reuse of historic properties. Zoning actions should take into account the effects of zoning on historic properties. Project review can respond to and modify development proposals affecting historic and archaeological resources to eliminate or minimize adverse effects of development or changing land use. King County government can also protect historic resources through careful planning and review of its own undertakings, both direct and indirect. Archaeological resources are particularly sensitive and endangered. P-217 King County shall review public and private projects and may condition them in order to protect historic properties. King County agencies shall coordinate September 2004 5-1 o P-218 P-219 with the Historic Preservation Program to provide consistent review and mitigation for projects within unincorporated areas and for county undertakings within cities. King County shall inventory historic properties in order to guide decision making in resource planning, capital projects, operations, environmental review and resource management. Archaeological properties shall be identified, evaluated and protected in a consistent and coordinated manner. King County shall establish consistent review and_protection procedures and develop centralized professional archaeological staffing. Cultural resources are often destroyed through neglect. Maintenance and other management practices that protect historic features and character can assure long-term preservation. Information about the history and significance of a property fosters appreciation and informs owners, users and the public about its value. King County government can lead by example through stewardship and wise management of its own cultural resources. Historic public buildings and facilities, such as bridges and roads, can be preserved and continue to be used; other historic resources can be converted to public use. P-220 P-221 P-222 P-223 All King County agencies shall be stewards of cultural resources under their direct control. Agencies shall identify and assess cultural resources, preserve significant historic properties and public art, and provide public access to them whenever appropriate. Agencies shall collaborate with the Historic Preservation Program to nominate eligible properties for landmark designation. King County shall interpret its cultural resources to enhance their understanding and enjoyment by the public. King County shall acquire and preserve historic resources for use by county and other public agencies and shall give priority to occupying historic buildings_whenever feasible. King County shall provide incentives to encourage investment in historic properties and public art. County programs and incentives for land and resource preservation and economic development shall support and be coordinated with cultural resource preservation and provision of public art. 5·11 September 2004 I I I ) • ,Q ,.. ,f> ~ V, e " "- "' I ' \ ~'>------.. \~ King County Com pre hensive Plan , 2004 .., -----;:;~~-~--------. ------------------------------------------------·-·--·-·---·----·-·-------------~~-----------------------------·-:.._L, ' . ... . ~ t ~--·:" , ., ) . · .. , 1--. I . • J , . ·· 2 I ' ,, I"' , .. -:--"91 ·-0 _/ ---f . • ---.. T ~ lu·· -, ---, __ : '--... , ' ; .I .,,. / -, . r ~ •· ·-"' . t ' .... ,....... --,.-;-i---. < ,, •• ' I o J • ( ' ' \ . ' ' I ' .. , . ,, .;.···::_.,__ ~ I , A> . ;. ,,,,., . . \ . . ' ,, "'"" ~" • , I > -~-,-\· y /' ', ~ -:C,;-,·~ • ""----~ .• • ; '"' -;,,, . . ~ ( ' ,, , , J ,,.~,. .C.j;. , I' \ 1 -~ ~ ' _.) ' , "' ., ../"'-...J . , ' . ,; "~'-( . \.,__ -ffi ~ I @) r---·--~, ---. J ~ T,"f ·,:w•_gf o,;:>,1, J . . . ~~ r '»I.... ,/ r ~ J ·. \ ,. ,,,. r t\-'· ~ ~ . ·, ,.. ~ . ,·1· -{--\._ . • : • ~ ·\-~ :;-.· . ! ~~-.> l ,':\ . rO .. ' ~-,. •'. .. ,... (•.;' . , I 11 • , --.., ., f @) ..... . / ;; ·''!lf'.J .,-,. . 1~-·,l: ' ·c .;; I. / -i: -:-,~.2.. ... --r , . \ ('-:. -n ' ," ..i1 \ / -' i .@ Seh•-1[ .' .. \~::::--II ,----......_ _) ~rmaPdv i i_ i 1 ·. :r -,·" . 9 '-..,____ .. '· f King County's -,, . , J I J '· , CJ Par!< I "\ _ . ./. ·:..... ·1 ;_ -.. •· ,'isl # '>"-) ,f J r-· -3' . "-' \ .. ' \' t' I \... 1 1'.t . ....._ " .11', r-, . • ...____ _____ ...... I ~,,..,_. t ./ , . -.. r·"' ...... o,J < ,-; t-.: ''''"· ,,.,...,;" ,,1~·1111• ] -... j', -f\·frfll ---4 Open Space System 2004 /1. ij" ,1 ·· .,~ . .!. i I ~ · • .. -•• ~---.1_ -,~-. • -~ •• <',, I . "· ~~.<,, ___ ....,.:. -;r ' ' ~,t . 1 -· 167 ! . . . -r ' / ·---l~-fl -i ~: . .,. ~ (l F'\.~1>¥:;tl <!,,,, / -· ... -· -~ -...... ~ .• .,...~ ,s ., ...... ' ~ . '-i''t·"\ . (\_ -"' ' f" /,:. : : : . -·-....-J ........ _ . -~ \ -·-~-: ·:·~-". ) i ' . ... \ .. , ·,._ . · .. / ' J~;,1!) · ,m .. u , "~"'''~"' I I -~-~a._ ___ L...~--L----~~~ (~,<, l _..) ·1 1 --r =· ./ I. f ~ ---l '? ·-----·, ' ·, \ --~ \.. . ---·--. \ ~ ! -I \.. • i , <. \._..,,-. "" c:tl /r"'--· , \ '---1 . ' -·'/ l . ....-...._. ) \ ····-"'°' ·"' 1'... --" . _ __, -;:T'-, ·,. ·---.._...., -~ --~ ~----/" ~ I -~f \ ~ I . _,-'--. ,,..-"·, _,.. '--.f .... --~ ,. """"" I ' ""'-------/ ,_._~ Co,,ity \-, \ '\ > -Recreation and Multi-Use Parks -Reg ional Trai ls -Natural Areas rm -Working Resource Lands Flood Hazard Properties Other Public Lands :---~j Incorporated Areas ~ Urban Growth Boundary Source: King County Department of Nat..-at Resources and Parks Water and Land Resou rces Division (® King County N Chap ter five , Pr eseNl ng and Enriching our Communiti es Tho irformation ncluoe<I on this map ha s beoo co~,l ed by King County staff lrom a v ariety ol sou·ces ilnd is subject to c h,1nge wilhout noti,;o Ki ng County makes no roprosentallon, or warranfiea, expurn er ifr4:ilied. ~ to accuracy, corl'1=l11tene ss timell"l,ess , o r ri<;hta l o l r',e lL';9 of auch information_ Kng Coonty 15,haJI net b,e liable for arry> gen,eral. special indr ,ect . 11'\C1dental. er ccn9c.qyonti.ll dJmag es inciud.ng. but not limtcd 10, lost rsvo nucs or I06t polits resuttin~ h orn tho U$e or misus-0 o1 the inforrna,ion con1ained on '.h ,a map An 'f 1,11() ol this r-,ap or information o n thi s map i s proh1bHd excep! by wn uen perrlU:tio,1 ol "-..., ,..,..\. .......___ _ _..... __ ___, 0 l!!!!!li 2.~ lliiiiil!!II 19 ~' + m·\tony',?'Ojec1s'll'.:ornplan\2004\200~_open_space.n-xd A"NC \\ddes701'19~-m\map3\200412'2004_KCCP\awc_2004 1222_open_wace .pdl The maps in the King County Coo,p,ehensive Plan and its technical apper,d,ces are produced with a com~re, geographic lnformatiOn system. They are r educed ;n size t:Jut a vaHa ble at a larger scale Octo ber 2004 Chapter Six Transportatio,n Chapter Six Transportation This chapter is based on the land use element as established in this plan. King County envisions a future transportation system that supports the regional land use strategy, which seeks to focus most growth in urbanized areas. King County's goals are to: • Connect all modes of transportation to form an integrated, balanced system; • Strengthen the region's economy by moving people and goods efficiently; • Give individuals and families a range of affordable transportation options; and • Minimize transportation's adverse effects on the environment. This chapter is consistent with and meets the requirements of regional and countywide plans and policies that respond to growth management legislation. The Countywide Planning Policies (CPP) have been used to guide the development of the transportation element and to ensure consistency with plans and programs developed by adjacent jurisdictions. Regional direction for the transportation element is set by the Metropolitan Transportation Plan, Destination_2030 developed by the Puget Sound Regional Council (PSRC). The Metropolitan Transportation Plan is consistent with the region's urban growth strategy, Vision 2020, also developed by the PSRC. The framework and direction for the development of comprehensive plans is provided by growth management legislation. The transportation element of the King County Comprehensive Plan is consistent with and meets the requirements of growth management legislation. Components of the Transportation Element The Transportation Element of this plan is comprised of five major components. The first is the Transportation chapter, which includes the narrative and policy language. The second is Technical Appendix C of this Plan, which contains the Land Use and Travel Forecast Technical Report, the Arterial Functional Classification Map, and a transportation inventory. The third includes the Transportation Needs Report, which is adopted herein by reference and contains a 20-year financial forecast and a 20-year list of transportation needs, and the Roads Capital Improvement Program, which is also adopted herein by reference. The fourth is the Long-Range Transit Development Plan and the Six-Year Transit Development Plan and Capital Improvement Program, which are also adopted herein by reference. The fifth and last component is the concurrency regulation, which implements the concurrency requirements and is codified at King County Code chapters 14.65 through 14.70. 6-1 September 2004 1. Regional svstem A. Countywide Transportation Service Provider King County provides countywide transit service and builds and maintains arterials of countywide and regional significance within unincorporated King County. King County also provides contract transportation services to a number of King County cities. The Growth Management Act fundamentally changed the way King County carries out comprehensive planning, placing special emphasis on transportation by making it unlawful to approve development that fails to meet the test of concurrency. Future development is constrained by King County's ability to finance needed transportation facilities or programs. To limit sprawl, create the desired urban form, and provide some measure of predictability, King County will support comprehensive plan policies by focusing resources in the most efficient and cost effective way. As a countywide transportation service provider, King County will maintain Metro Transit's public transportation services and work with Sound Transit and other transit agencies to provide seamless, multi modal transit services. King County will cooperate with other local governments and the Washington State Department of Transportation to implement the Regional Arterial Network, improve freight mobility and carry out strategies to maintain the efficiency of freeways and arterials in the region. In the unincorporated Urban Area, King County will complete the roadway network, add sidewalks, bike lanes and transit facilities as appropriate, and maintain the transportation infrastructure to allow denser development to occur. In the Rural Area, King County will emphasize maintenance and safety rather than increased traffic capacity. King County International Airport/Boeing Field (KCIA) is an essential element of the county and region's multimodal transportation system. The airport is also a significant employment center and supports over 150 aviation-related businesses including the Boeing Company. The airport is a port-of-entry for international flights and serves regional air carriers, national and regional cargo carriers, corporate aviation, and general aviation aircraft. KCIA is a regulated facility under Federal Aviation Regulation Part 139 of the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Code of Federal Regulation (CFR). T-101 As a countywide transportation service provider, King County establishes policy for transit and for the unincorporated area road system. General and long-range policy shall be established for the road system in the King County Comprehensive Plan and for transit in the Transit Long-Range Policy Framework. The Six-Year Transit Development Plan and the six-year capital improvement program for roads shall also be prepared consistent with these primary policy documents. T-102 In addition to involving the general public, transportation plans including any update to the Roads Strategic Plan shall be completed with timely input from the unincorporated area councils and the subarea transportation forums, among other bodies. T-103 King County should identify improvements and strategies needed to carry out the land use vision and meet the level-of-service requirements for transportation. Road improvements should be guided by the Roads Strategic September 2004 6-2 • Plan and prioritized in the Transportation Needs Report and Roads Capital Improvement Program. Public transportation projects should be identified in the improvement program of the Transit Capital Budget and the Six-Year Transit Development Plan, and the Long-Range Policy Framework for Public Transportation. T-104 King County International Airport shall plan, design, and implement services, programs, and facilities in compliance with Federal Aviation Administration regulatory requirements to support a safe, secure, and efficient global aerospace system. T-105 King County should develop a long-range financial component that generally evaluates and describes funding sources and strategies to carry out the transportation element. An annual six-year financial plan should be prepared that considers transportation priorities and is used in developing the Capital Improvement Program. B. Public Transportation King County Metro Transit provides bus and van service, ridesharing, paratransit. employer programs and other custom services in cities and unincorporated areas. One of King County's missions is to increase transit ridership by providing the best possible public transportation service, thereby improving regional mobility and the quality of life in King County. To achieve this mission, King County works with other local governments and communities, including Sound Transit, to provide an integrated network of public transportation services. A major redesign of the King County Metro Transit system was successfully implemented between 1996 and 1999. As a result, Metro Transit now offers more connections between employment centers and suburban activity centers. New partnerships with employers have also led to greater use of transit, carpools and vanpools to ease congestion during commute hours. The Six-Year Transit Development Plan, 2002-2007, guides Metro Transit operations and capital investments. The plan focuses on the development of public transit service and facilities consistent with land use goals of this comprehensive plan, the Growth Management Act and the King County Countywide Planning Polices. Important issues for the Six-Year Transit Development Plan include: the coordination of transit and roadway improvements along arterials that cross more than one jurisdiction to improve traffic flow throughout the county; the coordination of regional transit services in the three-county area served by Sound Transit and its partner transit systems; and the improvement of intermodal connections. 1. Regional Coordination Bus, rail, and ferry transit services cross county boundaries, providing the critical transportation links on which our regional economy depends. In addition, all of our transit services depend on convenient connections to our roadway, highway, and nonmotorized systems. As the region continues to grow, transit routes and schedules must be coordinated between agencies and modes so transit will be a viable and convenient option for our citizens and visitors. It is also imperative that King County seek input from a broad spectrum of county residents to ensure that services meet citizen needs. T-106 King County should work collaboratively with governments and communities to implement a locally based, regionally linked network of public transportation services and facilities addressing regional, inter-community, and local service needs. King County should actively develop, implement, 6-3 September 2004 T-107 and promote nonconventional public transportation options as a part of that system. Functional transportation plans should be coordinated with other related transportation plans and programs of other jurisdictions and may include coordinated funding arrangements to maximize the effectiveness of available resources. T-108 King County should work with the Washington State Department of Transportation and Kitsap County to ensure that service and capital plans for ferries are consistent with transit service plans and goals. King County should encourage additional passenger-only ferry services to enhance the county's multimodal transportation network for both commute and recreational trips. 2. Transit Infrastructure King County's transit infrastructure and service investments are developed to meet regional, inter- community, and local travel needs throughout the county. The policy framework used to make these investments must balance comprehensive plan requirements, regional cooperation, funding constraints, and community needs. T-109 In areas where transit services and ridership demand warrant, the county should invest in transit supportive facilities consistent with the capital and service strategies in the Six-Year Transit Development Plan. 3. Linking Transit and Land Use To support transit ridership throughout the county, King County encourages land use policies that link denser development with transit service. It costs more to provide transit service in low- density, single-use communities. In denser, mixed-use communities like downtown Seattle, Belltown, downtown Bellevue and Renton, transit routes have high ridership and recover a high percentage of their operating costs, allowing for more frequent service. Transit-oriented development (TOD) and transit centers in transit corridors can provide similar benefits. T-110 King County and local cities should adopt transit supportive road design standards, site access guidelines and land use regulations to promote transit use, high-density development, mixed uses and reduced parking in the Urban Growth Area. Site design should stress connectivity with adjacent neighborhoods and other land uses via transit, pedestrian and other nonmotorized facilities. T-111 Transit centers and park-and-ride lots should include safe and convenient access for buses, high-occupancy vehicles, pedestrians and bicycles to minimize conflicts with other traffic. Mixed land uses should be encouraged at transit centers and park-and-ride lots to meet passenger and commuter needs and reduce vehicle trips. Park-and-ride facilities should be designed with consideration of the most efficient use of land. T-112 King County supports transit-oriented development in transit corridors. King County shall encourage public/private partnerships to propose opportunities for joint transit-oriented development. Such developments should provide priority access for transit, pedestrians, bicyclists, car and van pools and other alternatives to single-occupant vehicles. September 2004 6-4 C. Regional and Freight Mobility King County's transportation system relies heavily on freeways and arterials to move people and goods. As federal and state highways become more congested, efficient operation of the regional arterials has become more important. The management of this arterial system is now a central part of King County's efforts to sustain the region's livability and economic health. King County uses advanced information processing, communications, sensing, and control technologies to facilitate management of the arterial system. Freight mobility is critical to King County's economy and western Washington's role as a major national and international trading region. King County should support efforts to plan and create a fast, reliable freight transportation system in the region. To maintain the region's competitive edge, our transportation infrastructure must provide for the efficient movement of goods and freight to and from our port and industrial areas balanced with the needs of general purpose and high occupancy vehicle traffic. The freeway and arterial system that is most crucial to the movement of people and goods is included in the Metropolitan Transportation System (MTS) and Regional Arterial Network (RAN). The MTS is the system for the four-county region and is documented in PSRC's Destination 2030. RAN is an integrated system of roadways that are critical for the movement of people and goods in King County. The RAN approach encompasses growth management and capital investment strategies for improved mobility between urban centers. Since many RAN corridors pass through multiple jurisdictions, RAN stresses a regional, multimodal approach to coordinate improvements such as transit enhancements, additional capacity, traffic signals timed for maximum mobility, and high-occupancy-vehicle lanes for buses and carpools. Together the MTS and RAN comprise a very important, high capacity system for moving people and goods. T-113 King County shall be a regional proponent for freight planning and mobility projects and actions that result in a reliable and efficient freight transportation system. The county should identify opportunities to create financial partnerships to achieve these goals. T-114 King County should identify and develop major transportation projects, including traffic operations and safety related projects, which improve freight mobility. This work shall be coordinated with local jurisdictions, other counties or regional agencies, the state, ports, and the private sector. D. Transportation Demand Management To sustain and enhance regional mobility, King County should be a leader in implementing programs and land use measures that encourage people and businesses to reduce single occupant vehicle trips. Transportation Demand Management (TOM) covers a broad range of efforts to reduce single-occupant vehicle travel including telecommuting, congestion pricing, parking management, nonmotorized travel, site design standards, public information, ridesharing, public transportation, joint use of parking facilities, and park and ride and other intermodal transfer facilities. Transportation demand management contributes to successful implementation of new private and public development, concurrency, the regional arterial network, and other transit and road investments such as High Occupancy Toll (HOT) lanes, High Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) lanes, and Intelligent Traffic Systems (ITS). T-115 Transportation Demand Management (TOM) strategies should be used to promote travel efficiency and energy conservation and reduce the adverse environmental impacts of the transportation system. These strategies should include commute trip reduction, demand management and system management. TDM measures may include telecommuting, congestion pricing, parking management, nonmotorized travel, site design standards, 6-5 September 2004 public information, ridesharing, public transportation, joint use of parking facilities, and park and ride and other intermodal transfer facilities. T-116 Transportation demand and system management strategies beyond those adopted as county regulation may be considered as one of a menu of measures to mitigate for traffic impacts of proposed development. Transportation demand and system management strategies, as well as other mitigation requirements may be imposed on new development as mandatory mitigation measures as necessary to meet the requirements for mitigation of impacts pursuant to the State Environmental Policy Act and the State Subdivision Act. T-117 Management of employee parking, such as the provision of preferred parking for high-occupancy vehicles and bicycle parking, should be used to support alternatives to commuting by single-occupant vehicles. Employers should consider the accessibility to adequate public transportation and high- occupancy vehicle facilities and services when developing site ahd parking plans. T-118 King County should participate financially in efforts to implement Transportation Demand Management strategies, including policies developed through regional consensus and adopted by the county. To this end, the county shall identify funds to implement transportation demand management strategies, public education/information, research and planning. T-119 King County should work with the Washington State Department of Transportation, Puget Sound Regional Council, and cities to develop and implement a regional policy on appropriate applications of transportation pricing strategies that reflect the higher cost of peak hour automobile usage. T-120 King County should work with the cities and other affected agencies to develop a regional parking strategy. This strategy should be consistent with regional and local transportation plans. King County should encourage shared parking facilities in areas where high-density, mixed-use development is planned and where walking is convenient for short trips. This strategy should include establishing minimum and maximum parking ratios. September 2004 6-6 II. linking Transportation Infrastructure and Services wilb Growth A. Land Use The transportation element is based on adopted targets for household and employment growth to the year 2022. These growth targets have been developed with consensus of the cities and are based on a countywide growth strategy that encourages growth in the urban areas where public facilities exist or can be provided efficiently. The new demands for travel created by such growth could be accommodated consistent with level-of-service standards, revenue forecasts and the overall King County land use development strategy and vision. The growth targets are the basis of the transportation element and consistent with land capacity and density estimates used to calculate travel demand in the county. Travel demand was used to project the needs for transportation system improvements. The population targets for each area should be considered as minimum growth amounts that may be exceeded under unexpected scenarios of growth and development. The expected growth in housing units includes development proposals that are already in the permitting process and are termed pipeline development. King County's transportation system should improve the mobility of residents providing greater access to housing, jobs, goods and services, shopping and recreation, all of which are characteristic of a high quality of life. The transportation component of this plan establishes a vital link between land use and the transportation facilities and services needed to support growth. The land use vision established in this plan has been used to develop the transportation policies, needs, financing, and strategies. T-201 T-202 T-203 T-204 The transportation system should provide mobility choices for county residents, visitors and businesses in support of Destination 2030, the regional transportation strategy; Vision 2020, the region's urban growth strategy; and the county's land use and development vision, goals and policies. Travel modes should be interconnected to form an integrated, coordinated and balanced multi modal transportation system that serves the travel needs of the county both effectively and efficiently. In addition to encouraging transit, and nonmotorized mobility choices including pedestrian and bicycle travel, the transportation system should address the needs of persons with disabilities. King County should evaluate and implement, when appropriate, innovative ways to address these needs in the design and operation of transportation infrastructure, facilities, and services. The transportation system should include: a. Freeways, arterial streets and local/neighborhood streets; b. Local and express bus transit and paratransit services, including Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) service programs; c. High-capacity transit; d. High-occupancy-vehicle lanes and ridesharing facilities; e. Demand and system management programs; f. Facilities and programs for pedestrians, bicycles and equestrians; 6-7 September 2004 g. Facilities to accommodate freight and goods delivery, including railroads, intermodal yards and distribution centers; h. Airports; and i. Marine transportation facilities and navigable waterways. T-205 The transportation system in the Urban Growth Area should be consistent with urban development policies and growth targets. System improvements should implement the Urban Land Use Chapter and be prioritized according to the capital and services strategies in the Six-Year Transit Development Plan and the goals, strategies, and actions in the Roads Strategic Plan and should be reflected in the Transportation Needs Report. T-206 The transportation system in the Rural Area and Natural Resource Lands should be consistent with their rural/resource character. Projects will be prioritized to address safety, operations, and capacity improvements that correct existing deficiencies or serve development that is already in the permitting process. All projects should emphasize safety, maintenance, and environmental quality. T-207 King County shall not construct and shall oppose the construction by other agencies of any new arterials or freeways or any additional arterial or freeway capacity in the Rural Area or Natural Resource Lands except for segments of certain arterials that pass through rural lands to serve the needs of urban areas. Any capacity increases to these urban connector arterials shall be designed to serve mobility and safety needs of the urban population while discouraging development in the surrounding Rural Area or Natural Resource lands. T-208 King County recognizes the impact to rural area mobility caused by urban connector arterials that traverse the rural area, and should work with state and federal agencies to mitigate these impacts when consistent with adopted transportation policy. B. Travel Forecasts Travel forecasts provide one of the important steps in linking land use and transportation. The land use vision and growth targets for planning areas have been allocated to the county's transportation zone system. This provides the level of detail needed to develop travel forecasts to analyze future transportation system performance and to identify system improvement needs. Travel forecasts are based on the regionally adopted household and job growth targets for 2022 for the Urban and Rural Areas. The travel forecasting process is based on the Puget Sound Regional Council's modeling and forecasting techniques. T-209 The travel forecasts used to identify transportation improvements/needs shall be prepared consistent with state law and on a schedule that coincides with a major comprehensive plan update as outlined in King County Code. C. Level of Service Standards The Growth Management Act (GMA) requires level of service (LOS) standards for all arterials and transit routes to judge performance of the transportation system. The GMA also calls for specific actions and requirements for bringing into compliance facilities or services that are not meeting the adopted LOS standard. King County's LOS standards comply with growth management policies of encouraging growth in the urban area while restricting growth in the rural area. September 2004 6-8 • Level of service is a qualitative measure that describes traffic flow and is often represented by a system using the letters A through F. Level of service A is the highest quality of service and level of service F is the lowest. Level of service B is indicative of stable traffic flow. However, unlike level of service A, operating speed is beginning to be restricted by other traffic. At level of service E, operation is unstable, and speeds are reduced but will fluctuate widely from point to point. There is little independence of speed selection and maneuverability at level of service E. Level of service F is indicative of forced flow of traffic with extremely low speeds and long delays at intersections. King County uses two sets of measures to determine whether a proposed development meets the LOS standards. They are an averaging of traffic congestion on roadways in the area and a measure of traffic congestion in an individual corridor. Area wide averaging is used to judge performance of the road system as measured against the adopted LOS standards. An individual corridor measure is used to judge performance of monitored corridors as measured against the adopted LOS standards. T-210 T-211 T-212 T-213 The level of service (LOS) standard for the Urban Area and designated Rural Towns shall be E except as provided in Policy T-209. The LOS standard for the Rural Area shall be B except as provided in Policy T-209. These standards shall be used in concurrency testing. In Potential Annexation Areas where King County has a preannexation agreement with the annexing city, the county will apply the annexing city's adopted level of service (LOS) standard within that Potential Annexation Area. The LOS standard for certain minor residential and minor commercial developments, along with certain public and educational facilities, shall be LOS F. This standard shall be used in concurrency testing. Level of service guidelines for allocating transit service should be developed to be consistent with the Six-Year Transit Development Plan's policy objectives. The land use criteria that are used to determine where future transit service is allocated are established in the Six-Year Transit Development Plan's service strategies. These Service Strategies provide the framework for identifying the level of service that each community can plan for as the Six-Year Transit Development Plan is implemented. D. Concurrency The Growth Management Act (GMA) requires local jurisdictions to adopt and enforce ordinances that prohibit development approval if the development causes the level of service (LOS) on identified county arterials or certain state roads to decline below the adopted LOS standards. King County's Transportation Concurrency Management (TCM) program was developed to address the GMA's concurrency requirement. The TCM program requires that transportation facilities must be available to carry the traffic of a proposed development at county LOS standards, or else the proposed development cannot be approved. The requirements of King County's TCM program do not apply to transportation facilities designated by the Washington State Department of Transportation (WSDOT) as "highways of statewide significance." T-214 King County's transportation concurrency test shall be a two-part test, involving area-wide averaging of roadway congestion and measuring of congestion in specific roadway corridors. 6-9 September 2004 T-215 A Certificate of Transportation Concurrency confirms that adopted level of service (LOS) standards are met by a proposed nonresidential development or a residential concurrency zone. A certificate of transportation concurrency will be issued only if a proposed development or residential concurrency zone passes both parts of the two-part transportation concurrency test. T-216 To ensure that adopted LOS standards are met, transportation improvements needed to serve new development must be currently in place, or construction for needed improvements must be funded in the adopted Six-Year Capital Improvement Program. E. Mode Split "Mode split" means the share of total vehicle traffic by mode -bus, nonmotorized vehicle, carpool, single occupant vehicle, etc. -during a particular time period. Mode split varies by time of day, weekdays vs. weekend, and location. A higher mode split for non-single occupant vehicles, usually during weekday peak periods, means fewer vehicles are needed to carry a given number of people. Mode split is used as a measure of the efficiency of the transportation system. Countywide Planning PolicyT-10 calls for local jurisdictions to develop mode split goals to established employment centers. Unincorporated King County does not have any established employment centers although cities within King County served by Metro Transit do. As part of the Six-Year Transit Development Plan development, King County coordinates the establishment of mode split goals for cities within the county. The Metropolitan Transportation Plan provides policy guidance for determining mode split goals. This chapter is based on the mode split policy guidance provided by that plan. T-217 The county should pursue mode split goals through the implementation of policies that support transportation demand management, transit service improvements, and expansion of high-occupancy vehicle programs. The county should recognize and support efforts locally, regionally, and statewide to advance Transportation Demand Management technologies. September 2004 6-10 111. Transportation svstem Planning and Design A. Arterials and Streets King County designs, builds, operates and maintains roads, bridges and pathways in unincorporated areas of King County. The goal is to make the county's transportation system safe and efficient for all uses and modes of travel. King County's arterial system represents a broad range of mobility options. In the past, the arterial system has been characterized as the system for moving cars and other vehicles. The arterial system should be viewed as a resource for moving people and goods by many modes of transportation, including autos, carpools, buses, bicycles, pedestrians, and trucks. T-301 T-302 T-303 T-304 T-305 The most cost-effective improvement should be considered first to solve existing and future deficiencies before higher-cost, capital-intensive projects are considered. Efficiency improvements supporting high-occupancy- vehicles (HOV) and transit operations on existing roads should be a higher priority than general capacity improvements enhancing single-occupant- vehicle (SOV) travel. Transportation improvements should be designed, built, and operated to minimize air, water and noise pollution and the disruption of natural surface water drainage in compliance with provisions and requirements of applicable federal, state and local environmental regulations. Natural and historic resource protection should also be considered. Particular care should be taken to minimize impacts where the location of such facilities could increase the pressure for development in sensitive areas or rural or resource lands. Needed rights-of-way, strategies to reduce demand and off-site improvements should be identified and required as conditions of development approval to the extent that such conditions are directly related to impact mitigation and will benefit the development. King County's road design and construction standards shall promote safe, cost-effective roads that encourage multimodal use, reflect the different needs and service levels for the Urban Growth Area and Rural Area, responding lo the different needs for areawide mobility and access to abutting properties. Roadway safety improvements increase the safety of the traveling public by reducing the number and severity of accidents, providing refuge for pedestrians and bicyclists, providing positive traffic control, minimizing driver decisions, reducing hazardous roadway conditions, and reducing unexpected situations. Improvements of this type include, but are not limited to, pathways, traffic signals, turn and merge lanes, provisions for sight lines, removal of roadside obstacles, and improvements to lessen the likelihood and impacts of localized flooding. 6-11 September 2004 T-306 Appropriate neighborhood traffic control measures, land use, zoning, design and road standards and development conditions should be used to improve safety, transit access and nonmotorized travel in residential neighborhoods. T-307 King County should encourage the development of highly connective, grid- based arterial and nonarterial road networks in new developments and areas of in-fill development. To this end, the county should: a. Make specific determinative findings to establish nonarterial grid system routes needed for public and emergency access in in-fill developments at the time of land-use permit review. b. Encourage new commercial, multifamily, and single-family residential developments to develop highly connective street networks to promote better accessibility by all modes. The use of cul-de-sacs should be discouraged, but where they are used, they should include pedestrian pathways to connect with nearby streets. T -308 Development proposals should extend the public road system through dedication when the extension is in the public interest and is reasonably necessary as a result of the impacts of the development. The impacts that may warrant such an extension include, but are not limited to, impacts on neighborhood circulation, increases in the use of arterials for local vehicular . trips, the reductions in traffic safety through uncoordinated and/or inadequately spaced street access to the arterials, and restrictions on the availability of alternative emergency access routes. T-309 The county should limit the placement of facilities or physical barriers and improvements, such as buildings, utilities, and surface water management facilities within specific areas of a development in order to allow for the future construction of roads to facilitate the establishment of a safe and efficient traffic circulation network, or to retain the availability of access to an adjacent property. T-310 As a condition of the approval of new development, the county should require the improvement of existing offsite roadways and undeveloped road rights-of-way, and/or other strategies to reduce demand on roads when the improvement or strategy is reasonably necessary as a result of the impacts of the development. The impacts that may warrant such improvements include, but are not limited to, those that create safety concerns, raise road operational issues or increase the number of residences served by a single access route. T-311 Arterial Functional Classification should be implemented through the King County Road Design and Construction Standards. The comprehensive plan's Urban Growth Area boundary should provide the distinction between urban and rural arterials. B. Public Transportation Strategies King County's transit infrastructure and service investments are consistent with the capital and services strategies in the Six-Year Transit Development Plan and balance policy requirements, regional cooperation, funding constraints, and community needs. T-312 King County should plan, design, and implement a system of services and facilities that supports integration of regional and local services and that September 2004 6-12 facilitates access to the system for pedestrian, bicyclists, transit collection/distribution services, and persons with disabilities, thereby providing a viable and interconnected network that is an alternative to auto usage. T-313 King County should support local and regional growth management plans and policies. King County should work with other jurisdictions to focus new and existing services and facilities to support targeted land use concentrations identified in local comprehensive and regional plans and within the Urban Growth Area of King County. T-314 King County should adopt transit supportive policies assigning highest priority to serving urban centers and manufacturing centers with transit service, including transit priorities on arterial streets jointly designated for transit priority by the county, cities, and the Washington State Department of Transportation. T-315 King County should use a community-based planning process when working with cities and unincorporated area communities to develop effective transit services including consideration of local circulation needs, feeder bus service, fixed and nonfixed routes, and various coach sizes appropriate to the neighborhood scale and market. T-316 High-Capacity Transit facilities and services which are consistent with, and supportive of, the comprehensive plan should be supported and implemented. C. Nonmotorized Transportation The nonmotorized program is an essential element of King County's multimodal transportation system. Nonmotorized transportation users include pedestrians, bicyclists and (in certain areas of the county) equestrians. While each group has different needs, they all rely on King County's road system for safe access. Trail networks, sidewalks, bike lanes, and other nonmotorized improvements encourage walking and cycling. They also improve access to transit stops, resulting in increased transit ridership and improving the quality of life in their communities. T-317 T-318 T-319 Efforts should be made to improve non motorized transportation countywide to increase safety, public health, mobility and convenience for nonmotorized modes of travel. These efforts should emphasize the ability of non motorized modes to extend the efficiency of regional transit, promote personal mobility in a range of land use areas and expand the transportation alternatives available to the public to form a complete or connected network. King County should evaluate and implement, where appropriate, nonmotorized transportation when general transportation improvements are made, including road construction, reconstruction, subdivision development and development of new transit systems. New land use plans, subdivisions, and urban planned development proposals should include enhancements to nonmotorized mobility and access to surrounding areas. 6-13 September 2004 T-320 King County design standards should allow flexibility in selecting, and the authority to require design features that benefit nonmotorized safety and accessibility. T-321 Unused rights-of-way should be considered for development as pedestrian, bicycle, equestrian or accessible connectors. T-322 King County should seek to improve pedestrian safety both within residential areas and at arterials near pedestrian activity centers such as schools, retail centers, concentrations of housing, transit facilities and trails. Within residential areas, King County shall offer a comprehensive package of neighborhood traffic services to unincorporated area residents and, on a contract basis, to local jurisdictions. Pedestrian safety improvements should include adequate signage, markings and signalization where warranted. To foster safe walking conditions for students, King County should continue the School Pathways Program. D. Air Quality The Washington State Clean Air Conformity Act establishes guidelines and directives for implementing the federal Clean Air Act Amendments. The Washington Act specifically links air quality conformity to growth management planning efforts at the local and regional level. The Washington Administrative Code states that local transportation plans shall include," ... policies and provisions that promote the reduction of criteria pollutants that exceed national · ambient air quality standards." (WAC 173-420-080) Global climate change continues to be a focus of local concern. It is clear that greenhouse gas emissions from transportation sources are a significant contributing factor to global climate change. Reducing greenhouse gas emissions from transportation sources is an important goal for King County. The following policies have been developed to be consistent with and support the policies in Chapter 4, Section 1 B of this Plan, "Air Quality and Forest/Tree Cover." T-323 The transportation system should conform to the federal and state Clean Air Acts by maintaining its conformity with the Metropolitan Transportation Plan of the Puget Sound Regional Council and by following the requirements of Chapter 173-420 of the Washington Administrative Code. T-324 King County should work with the Puget Sound Regional Council, the State Department of Transportation, transit agencies and other jurisdictions in the development of Transportation Demand Management measures and other transportation and air quality programs where warranted. This work would address the requirements of the federal Clean Air Act as amended, the air quality provisions of the federal Transportation Equity Act for the 21st Century and the Washington State Clean Air Conformity Act and should include measures to address greenhouse gas emissions. T-325 King County should consider the following Transportation Demand Management.strategies to reduce criteria pollutants and greenhouse gas emissions_including, but not limited to: trip reduction strategies, transportation pricing controls, employer transportation management programs, work schedule changes, ridesharing programs, dedicated facilities for high- September 2004 6-14 occupancy-vehicles, traffic flow improvements, parking management, bicycle and pedestrian programs, mixed use development, and car sharing programs. 6-15 September 2004 IV. Fi.nance King County's transportation vision depends on adequate funding for transportation needs. The Growth Management Act requires that the county include an analysis of funding capabilities, a multiyear financing plan based on needs and a discussion of how to raise additional funds or reassess growth and level-of-service standards to resolve a potential funding shortfall for at least a ten-year period. This section provides such information and discusses the extent to which the transportation facilities can be funded within a reasonable revenue forecast and expenditure schedule. A. Funding Capabilities: Road-Related Sources Financial viability to support transportation capital needs is tested at two levels. Initially, a 20-year plan is identified to meet transportation improvements needed to support the plan vision. The 20- year plan provides for an assessment of revenues from currently available resources and identifies reasonable options for securing additional revenues over the life of the plan. Secondly, the annual capital improvement program preparation provides a six-year window review that examines the specifics of how to implement the financing plan. King County receives road revenues from a variety of sources, including unincorporated King County property tax, federal and state grants, state gas tax, local taxes and road mitigation payments from private developments. A full description of transportation financing can be found in the Roads Strategic Plan. 8. Revenue Shortfall Comparing the plan's future transportation needs with projections of revenue from current sources shows the total revenue shortfall over the 20-year planning horizon. Different strategies or actions can be identified to address this shortfall. As an example, priority for funding may be given to only projects directly related to achieving the level-of-service standard, to projects that are related to providing capacity or to noncapacity projects. The intent of this plan is not to demonstrate a dollar by dollar accounting of transportation needs and revenues. Rather, it is to demonstrate the reasonableness of the plan and its implementation and to show that the goals of growth management can be met. Other sections of this chapter describe how the transportation element addresses growth management goals for transportation and adequate facilities/services. The reasonableness of the plan's transportation element focuses on the shortfall and the potential for funding future needs. Strategies to address the shortfall can range from reconsideration of the transportation needs to new revenue options to changes in levels-of-service to revisions of the land use policies. Decisions on what to do should be made based on monitoring implementation of this plan. The following actions can be used to balance the funding shortfall of the plan: 1. Reduce transportation funding needs: • Reevaluate the need for projects; • Promote transportation demand management actions to reduce vehicle trips; and • Rescope project needs and downsize where possible. 2. Develop new revenue options: • Increase revenues by using existing sources; • Participate in regional funding strategy development; September 2004 6-16 • Seek new or expanded revenue sources; and • Public/private participation. 3. Change level-of-service: • Adjust the level-of-service standard to allow more growth; • Adjust the level-of-service standard to allow more growth in selected areas only; and • Adjust the level-of-service standard to discourage more growth. 4. Change land use: • Revise the land use plan to encourage/discourage growth in selective areas; • Adjust the target forecast; and • Delay development until facilities are adequate. T-401 Financial resources available for transportation improvements should support a program of capital facilities needed for a multimodal transportation system. The Transportation Priority Process should give priority to critical capacity projects needed to achieve level-of-service standards in the Urban Area. T-402 The essential maintenance, preservation, safety and operations costs of the transportation system should be funded prior to other costs for capital improvements so that existing investment is protected and current mobility is not degraded. T-403 During annual review of the Comprehensive Plan, King County should consider and address any potential shortfalls that may occur between expected revenues and needed improvement costs. Such resolution could include a reassessment of land use, growth targets, level-of-service standards and revenue availability. C. Urban Unincorporated Area Road Financing Each area of urban unincorporated King County is unique in terms of its character, the issues that its residents care most about, and its specific road-related needs. By targeting road capital funds toward each area's most pressing needs, the county can provide the greatest overall benefit for each public dollar spent. This prioritization process is particularly important since current funding is inadequate to meet all needs and since road infrastructure is often an issue in annexation discussions. Road improvements essentially fall into three areas: 1. Operational and safety improvements such as signals, turn lanes, lighting, and crosswalks improve system efficiency and safety. These improvements are needed throughout the urban unincorporated area. 2. Urban retrofit improvements reconstruct existing street systems to current urban road design standards (curb, gutter and sidewalk, enclosed drainage, and adequate surtace water detention facilities) without adding more than a modest amount of additional capacity. Urban retrofit improvements are especially needed in the West Hill and North Highline communities, where most neighborhoods were developed before current urban road design standards were established. 3. Capacity improvements build new roads or add two or more lanes to existing roads. These projects generally are needed in areas with significant congestion or that have greater potential for new development. 6·17 September 2004 Continuation of funding for transportation projects that alleviate existing deficiencies is a high priority since all areas have existing capacity, operational, and safety deficiencies at one level or another. T-404 King County's urban road investments shall address the unique needs of each unincorporated area and shall target the road deficiencies in each area that act as barriers to infill, redevelopment, annexation, and the achievement of growth targets. T-405 Projects addressing existing capacity, operational, and safety deficiencies shall have a high priority throughout the urban unincorporated area. T-406 When funding transportation projects in areas where annexations or incorporations are expected, the Department of Transportation should seek interlocal agreements with the affected cities and other service providers to provide opportunities for joint grant applications and cooperative funding of improvements. September 2004 6· 1 B V. Coordination This chapter has been prepared in coordination with adjacent cities and counties to assess potential impacts on their jurisdictions. Citizen participation and coordination was also used to assist in the planning process and to reconcile any conflicts. The following activities have supported the coordination process: • Review by the transportation subarea boards; • Review by the Unincorporated Area Councils; • Development of the Regional Arterial Network; • The update of the Six-Year Transit Development Plan; • The statewide and countywide grant application process: • The Capital Improvement Program (CIP) coordination process: and • Participation in the Puget Sound Regional Council, enabling King County to coordinate its transportation planning activities with other local and regional agencies' for the four central Puget Sound counties. T-501 T-502 T-503 All elements of the transportation system should be planned and operated in coordination with the cities in and abutting King County, the adjoining counties, the Washington State Department of Transportation, the Port of Seattle, the transit agencies that provide service in and to the County, and the Puget Sound Regional Council. Prioritization of countywide facility improvements should be coordinated among jurisdictions to implement the countywide land use vision. King County should work with the Puget Sound Regional Council and its members to ensure that any regional projected aviation capacity problems, and the air transportation needs of the region's residents and economy are addressed in a timely manner. King County should support the completion of the designated freeway HOV lane and limited access highway system. Access to this HOV lane system should also be supported. 6-19 September 2004 VI. 1mn1amao1a1ion a.nd Mo:nitorinu The balance between land use, transportation services and funding is critical. The Transportation Chapter will be implemented through the funding of planned transportation improvements and strategies from available resources and by the management and monitoring of the system to ensure there are adequate facilities to support growth. Roads needs will be prioritized through updates to the Roads Strategic Plan and the Transportation Needs Report. High-priority projects will be programmed for funding in the Capital Improvement Program. Transit projects will be implemented as the needed revenues become available and in coordination with other related improvements and service development needs as described in transit planning and budget documents. The annual Capital Improvement Program and Financial Plan will be consistent with the comprehensive plan and will consider the current performance of the transportation system, concurrency needs of planned developments, priority projects, phased implementation of improvements and other related factors. Revenues from all sources including Mitigation Payment System fees will be programmed to appropriate projects. Concurrency will be maintained through the development and use of the Transportation Concurrency Management Program to help manage development and achievement of the level-of-service standards adopted in the comprehensive plan. System performance will be monitored through periodic traffic counts, speed and delay studies, travel time observations for autos and buses and by computer simulation of travel network characteristics. Information on system performance will be shared with other transportation agencies in the county and with the_Washington State Department of Transportation. If performance deteriorates below adopted standards, then the comprehensive plan will be amended to include improvements needed to restore level-of-service standards, or a reassessment of standards, funding and growth will be considered. T-601 King County should maintain an inventory of its transportation facilities and services to support its management of the system and to monitor system performance. T-602 King County shall periodically evaluate transportation components of the comprehensive plan and shall recommend actions that ensure implementation of the comprehensive plan vision. T-603 King County shall monitor and establish benchmarks to assess regional transportation system performance and implementation of the comprehensive plan. To accomplish this task King County should develop travel forecasts and maintain a Geographic Information System and databases. The data shall include existing and forecast regional population, employment, development and transportation information. The county, in cooperation with other jurisdictions, should produce reports on traffic and transportation activities. Such reports should highlight performance characteristics and identify the deficiencies, problems of safety and operations and areas not in compliance with level-of-service standards. September 2004 6-20 VII_ Transportation Element: Reauirements and Components Specific requirements for the transportation element are found at RCW 36.70A.070(6)(a). The following sections describe how the transportation element of the King County Comprehensive Plan meets those requirements. A. Land Use Assumptions The transportation element uses the same growth targets as the entire comprehensive plan. These targets are provided in Chapter Two of the Plan. These regionally adopted growth targets have been used in developing the travel demand forecasts for the comprehensive plan and in the development of the Transportation Needs Report. The Six- Year Roads Capital Improvement Program is derived from the Transportation Needs Report. This links the transportation plan with growth targets for households and employment. B. Estimated Traffic Impacts to State-Owned Facilities Both the King County Comprehensive Plan and the analysis conducted for the Transportation Concurrency Management program include state facilities. Both use standard transportation analysis techniques. C. An Inventory of Transportation Facilities and Services The inventory is provided in Appendix C. As required by growth management legislation, it includes air, water, and ground transportation facilities and services as well as transit alignments and general aviation airport facilities. It includes both county-owned and state-owned transportation facilities within the county's boundaries. D. Level of Service Standards Including Standards for State Routes King County has adopted urban and rural area level of service standards for its Transportation Concurrency Management Program. The standards consist of Transportation Adequacy Measure (TAM) and Travel Time measures to determine if proposed nonresidential developments and concurrency zones for proposed residential developments meet these standards. The TAM is used to judge the performance of the county's road system. Travel time is used to judge the performance of monitored corridors and critical road segments within the monitored corridors. State routes, except for highways of statewide significance and state routes with HOV lanes, are included in the TAM calculation. Portions of six state routes that are regionally significant state highways are included in the county's list of monitored corridors E. Actions to Bring Facilities into Compliance King County's traffic impact analyses and other planning processes have identified needed projects. These projects are listed in the Transportation Needs Report that is adopted by reference along with the KCCP. The Roads Strategic Plan and the six-year Capital Improvement Program identify specific projects, strategies, and actions to address transportation needs. 6-21 September 2004 F. Traffic Forecasts for at Least Ten Years Travel forecasts were developed for the year 2022. See Section II and Appendix C for more information on forecasts. G. State and Local Transportation Needs to Meet Current and Future Demands King County will be in compliance with this new GMA requirement by the December 31, 2000, deadline. The Transportation Needs Report six-year roads and transit development plans and capital improvement programs are the elements of the King County Comprehensive Plan that address the GMA requirement of identifying state and local system needs to meet current and future demand. H. Analysis of Funding Capability A financial analysis is included in the Transportation Needs Report which is adopted as an element of the plan. More information on the financial analysis is provided in Section IV of this chapter of the KCCP. I. Intergovernmental Coordination See Section V for a discussion of coordination. J. Concurrency The concurrency program is described in Section II E of this plan. K. Consistency of Plans The comprehensive plan is consistent with the Metropolitan Transportation Plan, the regional transportation plan for the four-county region. The Puget Sound Regional Council reviews the plan for consistency and has previously certified the King County Comprehensive Plan and also its amendments. In addition the comprehensive plan policies have been reviewed by other jurisdictions within King County. The comprehensive plan provides policy direction for the development of the county's 6-year functional plans. September 2004 6-22 Chapter Seven Services. Facilities and Util1t1es Chapter Seven Services, Facilities and Utilities The Growth Management Act requires coordinated planning so that the services required by new residents and their homes and businesses are available as growth occurs. Needed services include many that are not provided by King County, such as water supply, local sanitary sewers, fire protection, schools, energy facilities, and telecommunications. King County does provide services such as regional wastewater treatment, regional solid waste management, and local stormwater management. This chapter contains policies that guide service provision. 7-1 September 2004 I. R.egional Services King County government is a regional and local service provider. Types of regional services provided include transit, wastewater treatment, and solid waste management. Local services provided to citizens of unincorporated urban King County and the rural areas include police, building permits, and health and human services. As annexations and incorporations of unincorporated urban areas continue, King County government will focus more on its role as the provider of regional services and protector of the County's rural and resource areas. The following policies direct King County's evolving role as regional service provider. F-101 F-102 F-103 King County, the cities, special purpose districts and/or local service providers shall plan as partners. King County's planning will focus on unclaimed urban unincorporated areas and cities' Potential Annexation Areas. King County shall work with cities, special purpose districts, other local service providers and citizens to identify and distinguish local and countywide services. Over time, cities will assume primary responsibility for coordinating the provision of local services delivery. The county will assume primary responsibility for coordinating the provision of countywide services, including countywide services that must be delivered within city boundaries. The county will also work with cities, special purpose districts, and other counties to identify regional service and facility needs and develop strategies to provide them. King County will provide or manage countywide services which include but are not limited to: a. Transit; b. Economic development; c. Harborview Hospital; d. Public health; e. Regional park, trails and open space systems; f. Waste water collection and treatment; g. Solid waste management and recycling; h. Hazardous waste management; i. Water resource management; j. Surface water management; k. Flood warning and floodplain management; I. Protection and preservation of natural resource lands; m. Regional Arterial Network (RAN) and freight mobility; and n. Affordable housing. F-104 King County will, in cooperation with special purpose districts and/or local service providers, continue to plan for and provide public services to the Rural Area, consistent with rural standards and needs. F-105 To support the intent of the Growth Management Act, King County should work with cities and other service providers to establish priority areas for public funding of capital facilities, services and infrastructure. September 2004 7-2 II. Facilities and Services A. Providing a Spectrum of Services King County and numerous service providers need to coordinate planning and funding activities to ensure that needed facilities and services are provided in the region. F-201 All facilities and services should be provided in compliance with provisions and requirements ·of the Endangered Species Act. F-202 King County should seek to create quality communities by defining the needs and proposing strategies for a full range of public facilities and services, including physical infrastructure and health, human and public safety services. King County should ensure that there is an adequate supply of public facilities necessary to support communities. F-203 King County should work with the cities, special purpose districts and other service providers to define regional and local services and to determine the appropriate providers of those services. F-204 King County shall work with its neighboring counties, the stale, Puget Sound Regional Council, special purpose districts, ports and the cities to identify areas of shared need and adequate land supply for public facilities. The county's capital acquisition budget shall reflect the jointly agreed-upon priorities and time schedule. F-205 Public and private community service providers should be encouraged to share or reuse facilities when appropriate, to reduce costs, conserve land and provide convenience and amenity for the public. Joint siting and shared use of facilities should be encouraged for schools, community centers, health facilities, cultural facilities, libraries, swimming pools and other social and recreational facilities. B. Urban and Rural Services Although growth will be directed to Urban Areas, it is recognized that Rural Areas have facility and service needs also. F-206 Public spending to support growth should be directed to the Urban Growth Area and prioritized and coordinated through Capital Facility Plans to comply with the concurrency requirements of the Growth Management Act. F-207 In the Rural Area, services provided by agencies should support a rural level of development and not facilitate urbanization. C. Identifying Needs for Facilities and Services Public facilities and services are vital to protect public health, safety and welfare and to protect and enhance community and environmental quality. Inadequate sewage disposal, for example, could directly threaten public health. Inadequate groundwater protection could result in unsafe 7-3 September 2004 drinking water and threaten stream flow. Deficiencies in other services, such as police protection or parks, might not raise severe obstacles to any single new development, but over time could cause general threats to public health, safety and welfare and deterioration of community quality. King County government is responsible for assuring that adequate facilities and services are available or can be made available to support planned growth. This responsibility is carried out by identifying needs for facilities and services based on the planned amount and location of growth. The mechanism for identifying needs is capital improvement programming. The Growth Management Act requires the county to prepare a capital facility plan which includes an inventory of existing capital facilities owned by public entities, a forecast of the future needs for capital facilities, including the proposed locations and capacities of expanded or new facilities, and a six-year plan that will finance the expanded or new facilities. The Capital Facility Plan Element for King County is comprised of the following four components: 1. Technical Appendix A is an executive summary of documents containing inventories of facilities and services provided by King County (health and human services and law, safety and justice, transportation) and those provided by other entities (drinking water supply, sanitary sewer collection and treatment, schools, fire protection, libraries, natural gas, telecommunications, and electricity). 2. Technical Appendix A is an executive summary of documents containing the forecast of future needs for capital facilities, including the proposed locations and capacities of expanded or new facilities: 3. Six-year plan that will finance the expanded or new facilities: a. Technical Appendix A is an executive summary of the finance plans for facilities and services provided by the county and other entities. b. Technical Appendix A references the Transportation Needs Report which includes an analysis of funding capability to judge needs against probable funding resources, and a 20-year financial forecast report based on identified needs. c. Current adopted King County Capital Improvement Program for facilities other than transportation. 4. Requirement to reassess land use if funding is unavailable to meet existing and future needs: a. Policies of Chapter Seven, Part I Facilities & Services, Sections B -F. b. Chapter Nine, Transportation, Section IV. D. Capital Facility Planning King County and other service providers are required to prepare six-year capital facility plans that describe needs for the six-year facility and propose funding to meet those needs. F-208 The capital facility plans and capital improvement programs prepared by all other agencies which provide services to unincorporated areas of the county should be consistent with the King County Comprehensive Plan. F-209 To reduce overall public costs, noise and disruption to the local area during construction, installation of new or maintenance of existing utility facilities should be timed and coordinated with other projects that utilize public right- of-ways and easements, where possible. F-21 O King County's capital facility plans should identify financing strategies to support its adopted 20-year growth target and land use plan. F-211 King County's capital improvement program shall demonstrate that projected needs for facilities and services can be met within the Urban Growth Area and can be served in compliance with the concurrency requirements of the Growth Management Act or, if that is not possible, King County shall September 2004 7-4 determine where and when deficits may occur and how needed facilities and services might be phased in and or financed to serve such deficit areas. Alternative phasing and financing strategies must be identified and determined to be infeasible prior to triggering a land use and zoning reassessment under Policy F-216. F-212 School districts which choose to have the county collect impact fees for them, and water and sewer utilities that provide their services to unincorporated King County shall prepare capital facility plans consistent with requirements of the Growth Management Act and King County Code. F-213 Provision of an adequate supply of kindergarten through twelfth grade (K-12) public schools and K-12 public school facilities is essential to avoid overcrowding and to enhance the educational opportunities for our children. King County shall adopt regulations which are supportive of the permitting of K-12 public schools and K-12 facilities. E. Addressing Service Deficiencies In the event that needed facilities and services are not available to support either existing development or growth, King County will work with other service providers to address the service deficiency. F-214 King County shall initiate a subarea planning process with any service provider that declares, through their capital facilities plan, an inability to accommodate projected service needs inside their service area. F-215 King County and its cities should coordinate planning for health and human service facilities and services. County investments in health and human service facilities should be targeted primarily to the designated Urban Centers and secondarily to other locations in the Urban Growth Area and Rural Towns. F-216 If an area-wide sewer, water, or transportation service deficiency is identified, King County and the applicable service providers shall remedy the deficiency through a joint planning process addressing capital improvement programs and long-term funding strategies. If financing and level of service remedies cannot solve the deficiency, King County shall change zoning to address the problem. F. Financing Strategies King County, cities, and other service providers will work together to address the financing needs of facilities and services. F-217 F-218 King County shall work with the cities to create a financing partnership for areas of the Urban Growth Area that the cities will annex. This includes determining county/regional and city/municipal facilities and services and then committing to a shared financing strategy to build or provide these infrastructure improvements or services. King County should, in cooperation with other jurisdictions, develop funding strategies for governmental infrastructure that take into account economic development goals and consider the costs to, and benefits for, the jurisdictions and the region. 7-5 September 2004 G. Essential Public Facilities The region will work cooperatively to site essential public facilities in an equitable manner. Essential public facilities are defined in the Growth Management Act and include large, usually difficult to site facilities such as prisons, solid waste facilities, and airports. F-219 Proposed new or expansions to existing essential public facilities should be sited consistent with the King County Comprehensive Plan. Listed existing essential public facilities should be preserved and maintained until alternatives or replacements for such facilities can be provided. F-220 King County and neighboring counties, if advantageous to both, should share essential public facilities to increase efficiency of operation. Efficiency of operation should take into account the overall value of the essential public facility to the region and the county and the extent to which, if properly mitigated, expansion of an existing essential public facility located in the county might be more economical and environmentally sound. F-221 King County should strive to site essential public facilities equitably so that no racial, cultural, or socio-economic group is unduly impacted by essential public facility siting or expansion decisions. No single community should absorb an inequitable share of these facilities and their impacts. Siting should consider environmental equity and environmental, economic, technical and service area factors. The net impact of siting new essential public facilities should be weighted against the net impact of expansion of existing essential public facilities, with appropriate buffering and mitigation. Essential public facilities that directly serve the public beyond their general vicinity shall be discouraged from locating in the Rural Area. F-222 A facility shall be determined to be an essential public facility if it has one or more of the following characteristics: a. The facility meets the Growth Management Act definition of an essential public facility; b. The facility is on a state, county or local community list of essential public facilities; c. The facility serves a significant portion of the county or metropolitan region or is part of a countywide service system; or d. The facility is the sole existing facility in the county for providing that essential public service. F-223 Siting analysis for proposed new or expansions to existing essential public facilities shall consist of the following: a. An inventory of similar existing essential public facilities in King County and neighboring counties, including their locations and capacities; b. A forecast of the future needs for the essential public facility; c. An analysis of the potential social and economic impacts and benefits to jurisdictions receiving or surrounding the facilities; d. An analysis of the proposal's consistency with policies F-219 through F- 222; e. An analysis of alternatives to the facility, including decentralization, conservation, demand management and other strategies; f. An analysis of economic and environmental impacts, including mitigation, of any existing essential public facility, as well as of any new site(s) under consideration as an alternative to expansion of an existing facility; September 2004 7-6 g. Extensive public involvement; and h. Consideration of any applicable prior review conducted by a public agency, local government, or citizen's group. F-224 King County supports coordination of regional water supply planning, sales of excess water supplies among municipalities in the region, water quality programs and water conservation and reuse programs. H. Water Supply King County is not a water utility and does not provide potable water to citizens in the region. However, it plays an important role in the coordination or linking of water supply and growth. Moreover, the county reclaims water from its wastewater treatment plants. Reclaimed water can be used for many purposes, such as irrigation and industrial use, which currently utilize potable water sources. Reclaimed water produced by King County must be consistent with the standards contained in the Washington Department of Ecology's "Orange Book," as promulgated under chapter 90.46 RCW. The "Orange Book" describes differing levels of treatment that are required to produce different classes of reclaimed water. King County currently produces only Class A reclaimed water, which is produced using the highest levels of treatment. 1. Potable Water Systems Potable water is provided by Group A public water systems having 15 or more connections, Group B public water systems having 2 to 14 connections, and individual private wells serving one connection. Exempt wells refer to wells that do not require obtaining a water right from the state for withdrawal of water. These exempt wells are subject to all other rules and regulations other than the requirement to get a permit from the state to withdraw water. Water withdrawn from an exempt well for individual or group domestic water supply cannot exceed 5,000 gallons per day, nor may the water be used to irrigate more than a half acre of lawn or noncommercial garden. The type of water system required for new development will depend upon whether a proposed development is or is not located within the Urban Growth Area, is or is not within an approved service area of an existing public water system, and is or is not able to provide an adequate water supply as required under RCW 19.27.097 and/or RCW 58.17.110. F-225 F-226 F-227 Group A water systems shall be responsible for fulfilling their duty to provide service within their service areas approved under state law. The service areas for Group A public water systems are defined by Coordinated Water System Plans approved under chapter 70.116 RCW or by individual water system plans reviewed by the county and approved by the state. In the Urban Growth Area all new construction and all new subdivisions shall be served by Group A public water systems except in the circumstance when no Group A public water system can provide service in a timely and reasonable manner per RCW 70.116.060 or when no existing system is willing and able to provide safe and reliable potable water with reasonable economy and efficiency per RCW 19.27.097. In the Urban Growth Area, individual private wells are not permitted unless application of Policy F-226 to a proposal for a single-family residence on an individual lot would deny all reasonable use of the property. In that case, the well would be allowed only as an interim facility until service by a public water system can be provided. The individual well must meet the criteria of the King County Board of Health Title 13. 7.7 September 2004 F-228 F-229 F-230 In the Urban Growth Area, if a Group A water provider cannot provide direct service to new development in a timely and reasonable manner as required under RCW 70.116.060 or chapter 43.20 RCW, a new public water system may be established if it is owned and operated by the following, in order of preference: a. By the Group A system, in whose service area the system is located, via satellite management, or b. By a satellite management agency approved by the State Department of Health under contract with the Group A system in whose service area the system is located, provided that the existing Group A water system remains responsible for meeting the duty to serve the new system under RCW 43.20.260. All new public water systems formed in the UGA shall connect to the Group A water system in whose service area the new system is located when direct service becomes available. All known and projected costs for anticipated connection shall be funded at the permitting stage of any proposed new construction or new subdivisions. In the Rural Area, individual private wells, Group B water systems, and Group A water systems are all allowed. Creation of a new public water system or the expansion of an existing Group B system may be allowed to serve new construction or new subdivisions when no Group A public water system can provide service in a_timely and reasonable manner per RCW 70.116.060, or when an existing system is not willing and able to provide safe and reliable potable water with reasonable economy and efficiency per RCW 19.27 .097. New public water systems established in the Rural Area shall be owned and operated by the following, in order of preference: a. By the Group A public water system in whose service area the system is located, by direct service or satellite management by the Group A system, b. By a satellite management agency approved by the State Department of Health and providing service within the county and under contract with the Group A system if it is located in a Group A system service area; or c. By the owners of the lots that are provided water by the new system if the new system is not within the service area of an existing Group A system or not within the area covered by a satellite management agency. Approval for any such system shall be conditioned for future ownership or management by a satellite management agency, when such service becomes available, and for periodic review of system operations, as required by RCW 70.119A.060(2). Ecology has determined that the rivers and streams in the major river basins in King County have no water available for further consumptive appropriation without harmfully impacting instream values. For that reason, it has by regulation closed those basins to issuance of new water rights, and has directed that the natural interrelationships between surface and ground waters should be considered in future water allocation decisions in order to avoid adverse impacts to instream flows. The installation and use of wells that are exempt from ecology's water rights permitting process may further harm those rivers and streams when the wells are withdrawing ground water that is directly connected to the water in the stream. The installation of new exempt wells may also create health and safety problems by interfering with the water supplied by existing wells, and by creating more holes in the ground that can lead to contamination of entire aquifers. Under K.C.C. chapter 9.14, the Department of Natural Resources and Parks is to act as lead agency in coordinating the activities of ODES and Public Health in order to ensure that groundwater quality September 2004 7-8 and quantity are protected, and facilitate implementation of the plans that have been developed to protect ground water in five groundwater management areas within King County. F-231 New subdivisions with more than six single-family lots on Vashon-Maury Island and in closed basins in the Rural Area (as defined in WAC 173-507, 508, 509, 510, and 515) may not be served by a potable water system using an exempt well, or a combination of multiple exempt wells. One exempt well per subdivision will be permitted unless more than one exempt well is · needed to meet the water flow requirements for the six residences. New developments in the Rural Area served by an exempt well, or wells shall not exceed one-half acre of irrigation. F-232 King County shall work with the State Department of Ecology and the State Department of Health to ensure that existing provisions of state law that provide for measuring water withdrawals or diversions for sources of supply are fully utilized to meet public health, resource protection, land use, planning and fish recovery objectives and obligations. Any new or expanding Group 8 water system shall have a totalizing source meter and shall make information from the meter available upon request of King County. 2. Regional Water Supply Planning Over the past several years King County has been working cooperatively with many of the larger water utilities in the region to gather information about regional water demand and supply. King County would like to use this information to help develop a regional water supply plan. F-233 F-234 F-235 King County supports development of a regional water supply plan for the entire region. Key components of this planning process should include: a. Involvement, oversight and support of elected officials in the region; b. Meaningful public participation including the involvement of the state and federally recognized tribes; c. Prioritization of future supplies, including a role for conservation and reclaimed water; d. Assigned accountability for implementing conservation and developing new supplies and infrastructure such as transmission pipelines; and e. Legislative changes, if necessary, to implement the plan. King County should assure that a regional water supply plan for all of King County is prepared in cooperation with water utilities and in coordination with affected federally recognized tribal, local and state governments. A continuous and meaningful public process should be used to develop the regional water supply plan, resulting in a plan that is adopted by elected public officials in the region and used by the state in making water resource decisions. The regional water supply plan should implement and be consistent with growth management decisions made by local and regional jurisdictions under the Growth Management Act and the approved water quality and quantity strategies adopted by the region in compliance with federal requirements under the Endangered Species Act, Clean Water Act, and other authorities relevant to water quantity and quality. The county will work with water utilities to develop a water supply plan that prioritizes an array of potential sources, including conservation and reclaimed water, and defines a publicly-and state-accepted strategy for how the region could best meet future demands for water. During development of the regional water supply plan, the county will work in concert with water 7-9 September 2004 utilities to evaluate the projected water demands for population growth and other out of stream needs identified under the Growth Management Act, Endangered Species Act response provisions in plans developed under the state's Salmon Recovery Act, and Clean Water Act requirements for water quality. 3. Utility System lnterties Water utilities obtain water supplies from many varying sources. Some water utilities receive the vast majority of their water supply from wells. Yet others receive substantial portions from municipal watersheds and reservoirs. The varying water supply sources can differ substantially in terms of dependability of output, so that while one water utility may have excess capacity, a neighboring water utility could be experiencing severe shortages and be unable to adequately serve their customers. F-236 King County supports interties that allow the transfer of water resources among water utilities in urban areas to meet the projected demands for growth. The transfer of water must be consistent with locally adopted growth management plans, regional water supply plans, groundwater plans, watershed plans, and approved Coordinated Water System Plans, and implement approved Endangered Species Act response requirements and Clean Water Act requirements. F-237 King County supports the development of appropriate regional water intertie capital projects, subject to approval from appropriate local, state, and federal agencies and consistent with Policy F-236. 4. Water Reuse, Conservation and Accounting King County residents depend on proper management of water resources to ensure adequate and reliable water supplies, and protection and preservation of natural resources. As a regional service provider, King County plays a role, along with others, in managing these water resources for long-term sustainable supply and protecting the long-term functions and values of natural water systems. As part of its responsibilities, King County reviews water utility plans for those utilities serving unincorporated King County and encourages the inclusion of elements related to water reuse and conservation in the plans. The King County Code directs county programs to specifically act as a clearinghouse for data related to groundwater quality and quantity in order to facilitate implementation by King County and others of the groundwater management plans that have been developed for major portions of King County. F-238 F-239 King County's water reuse program and projects, as well as water reuse and water supply/resources, should be coordinated with a regional water supply plan in accordance with state and federal standards and coordinated with comprehensive land use plans. King County shall partner with utilities to publicize water conservation and encourage best management practices that conserve potable water supply through measures that include use of alternative supplies such as reclaimed water. In exercising its role in reviewing utility water system plans, King County Utilities Technical Review Committee (UTRC) shall encourage water purveyors to include aggressive conservation and reuse measures where applicable, as well as development of new sources to support planned land uses with reliable service at minimum cost. Efforts to encourage the use of reclaimed water shall focus on existing and proposed source supplies for large water users, such as golf courses and cemeteries. September 2004 7-10 F-240 F-241 In its review of water comprehensive plans, the King County Utilities Technical Review Committee shall consider the following: a. Consistency with land use plans and development regulations adopted under the Growth Management Act; b. Approved or adopted regional water resource plans, including basin plans, groundwater plans, watershed-based conservation and recovery plans developed under ESA, salmon recovery plans developed under chapter 77.85 RCW, water resource plans developed under chapter 90.54 RCW, watershed plans developed under chapter 90.82 RCW, and a regional water supply plan or water resource management plan; and c. The county's Regional Wastewater Services Plan. In reviewing proposals for modified and expanded service area boundaries for municipal water suppliers, the Utilities Technical Review Committee shall consider, in addition to Policy F-240: a. Compliance by the water system with its comprehensive plan, including water conservation elements; and b. Whether it can meet its duty to provide service within its service area, as required under chapter 43.20 RCW. The county shall not approve a water system plan with a proposed service area where the water system is unable to provide service for one or more of the reasons identified in RCW 43.20.260. This does not preclude a modified or expanded service area boundary for the water system in order to correct problems and provide reliable potable water service within the proposed modified service area. F-242 The Utilities Technical Review Committee should develop a water accounting program in conjunction with affected water utilities. The water accounting program should coordinate information on the rate, timing, and location of new development with the projected ability of water utilities to issue certificates of water availability. 5. Resource Management and Protection Water system reservoirs and watersheds often serve a number of functions. These functions can include open space, recreation, forestry, and resource management. However, each function must be weighed against the primary purpose of such reservoirs and watershed, which is to provide and protect supplies of potable drinking water. F-243 Public drinking water system reservoirs and their watersheds should be managed primarily for the protection of drinking water, but should allow for multiple uses, including recreation, when such uses do not jeopardize drinking water quality standards. Public watersheds must also be managed to protect downstream fish and agriculture resources. F-244 Groundwater-based public water supplies should be protected by preventing land uses that may adversely affect groundwater quality or quantity to the extent that the supply might be jeopardized. I. Public Sewers and On-Site Wastewater Treatment and Disposal Systems King County adopted the Regional Wastewater Services Plan in 1999. It called for a new north treatment plant to be in operation by 201 O with a capacity of 36 million gallons per day (mgd). 7-11 September 2004 King County is proposing to build the new wastewater system. The Brightwater System will include a treatment plant to provide secondary treatment of wastewater, pipelines and pump stations to carry wastewater to and from the plant, and an outfall to discharge the treated wastewater to Puget Sound. King County has selected the location of the Brightwater facilities at what is referred to as the Route 9-195th Street System with an effluent corridor along NE 195th Street and a marine outfall in Zone 7S. The siting process has taken many years and is the focal point of a comprehensive Environmental Impact Statement, which is likely to be issued in November of 2003. Snohomish County and cities in the Brightwater service area have participated actively in the siting and environmental review process. In addition to King County's role as the regional wastewater treatment provider, the Seattle-King County Department of Public Health is the agency responsible for permitting on-site wastewater treatment and disposal systems (septic systems). In addition, King County reviews sewer utility comprehensive plans. F-245 In the Urban Growth Area, all new development shall be served by public sewers unless: a. Application of this policy to a proposal for a single-family residence on an individual lot would deny all reasonable use of the property; or b. Application of this policy to a proposal that has a vested land use application for the redevelopment or expansion of an existing use, as well as an approved septic design from Public Health -Seattle and King County, would render approval of the land use permit void; or c. As permitted by policy CP-933. F-246 In the Urban Growth Area, King County and sewer utilities should jointly prioritize the replacement of on-site systems that serve existing development with public sewers, based on the risk of potential failure. King County and sewer utilities should analyze public funding options for such conversion and should prepare conversion plans that will enable quick and cost-effective local response to health and pollution problems that may occur when many on-site systems fail in an area. F-247 City-owned parks that are redesignated from rural to urban to allow future annexation by a city and that are subsequently served by public sewers shall be tightlined. This policy applies to parks that were redesignated from rural to urban on or after September 20, 2004. F-248 The existing public sewer system in the Town of Vashon cannot be expanded to serve land beyond the boundaries of the town, except as provided in Policy F-249 and as consistent with Title 57 RCW. On-site systems, community on-site systems or decentralized treatment systems may be used as appropriate for planned growth in other Rural Towns. F-249 Public sewer expansions shall not occur in the Rural Area and on Natural Resource Lands except where needed to address specific health and safety problems threatening the existing uses of structures or the needs of public schools or public school facilities. Public sewers may be extended, pursuant to this policy, only if they are tightlined and only after a finding is made by King County that no reasonable alternative technologies are technologically or economically feasible. Utility providers shall ensure, through a signed agreement between the school district and the utility provider, that any sewer September 2004 7·12 service permitted for the school district is designed only to serve public schools or public school facilities. Public sewers which are allowed in the Rural Area or on Natural Resource Lands pursuant to this policy shall not be used to convert Rural Area land or Natural Resource Lands to urban uses and densities or to expand permitted nonresidential uses. F-250 Sewer facilities such as pump stations, force mains and trunk lines that do not provide connections to the Rural Area may be located in the Rural Area only when they are identified in a King County-approved comprehensive sewage system plan and upon a finding by King County that it is technically necessary in providing service to the Urban Growth Area. F-251 On-site wastewater treatment systems in the Rural Area and Natural Resource Lands should be designed, built and operated as permanent methods of sewage disposal. F-252 King County should monitor on-site systems that have shown evidence of failure or potential for failure. The data should be used to correct existing problems and prevent future problems. King County should analyze public funding options for correcting on-site wastewater system failures which may include, where feasible and otherwise consistent with this plan, conversion to community sewage systems or installation of public sewers. F-253 Collective on-site systems may be used only in the following circumstances in the Rural Area and Natural Resource Lands: a. Existing on-site systems are failing within an area and the Seattle/King County Department of Public Health concurs that long-term individual on- site system repairs are not feasible and/or water quality is threatened by the presence of or potential for health hazards resulting from inadequate on-site wastewater disposal methods; b. An authorized public agency will manage the community system; and c. The community system is designed only to serve existing structures and lots and cannot be used as a basis to increase density or to expand permitted nonresidential uses. Substandard vacant lots must be combined to the extent feasible to meet rural density policies. Management of the community system must be by an authorized public agency. J. Solid Waste Appropriate management of solid waste to protect the environment of King County is essential to public health. Responsibility for management of solid wastes generated by unincorporated area residents and businesses is shared by waste haulers certified by the Washington Utilities and Transportation Commission and the King County Solid Waste Division. F-254 F-255 F-256 Solid waste should be handled and disposed of in environmentally sound ways that protect the quality of air, water and public health. King County shall divert as much material as possible from disposal to reduce the overall costs of solid waste management to county residents and businesses, conserve resources, protect the environment, and strengthen the county's economy. Solid waste management should be planned and disposal capacity provided on a regional basis. 7-13 September 2004 F-257 Solid waste handling facilities should be dispersed throughout the county in an equitable manner. K. Surface Water Management Surface water management activities address both the quantity and quality of water entering the natural environment. Urban areas are largely covered with impervious surfaces (e.g., buildings, streets, parking lots) that cause increased runoff and are a source of pollutants. Management in the Rural Area is important, too, because of the potential adverse impacts of forestry, agricultural, and livestock practices. Prevention or mitigation of flooding, erosion, sedimentation, and water quality and habitat degradation is important for both the built and natural environments. F-258 To reduce flooding, erosion and sedimentation, prevent and mitigate habitat loss, enhance groundwater recharge and prevent water quality degradation, the surface waters of King County shall be managed through plans, programs and regulations developed by King County in cooperation with affected jurisdictions whenever possible. F-259 A watershed approach shall be taken to surface water management, with responsibility shared among King County and affected jurisdictions. This approach should emphasize prevention of water quality degradation through education programs and implementation of best management practices to reduce pollution entering surface waters, including Puget Sound. F-260 In the Rural Area, King County shall minimize the use of constructed facilities for surface water management and maximize the use of natural systems, provided that the ecological functions of the natural systems are not harmed. The county should provide incentives to keep these natural systems intact. Natural systems are also preferred in the Urban Growth Area, but it is recognized that structural'systems will be needed to realize urban growth and density goals. King County will plan and manage surface waters on a watershed basis pursuant to Policies E-123 through E-129. To accomplish this goal, water should not be diverted from one watershed into another, nor from one drainage basin into another, unless no other reasonable alternative is available for managing surface water run-off within the same watershed and drainage basin. Where such diversions are permitted, King County will require such environmental analysis and mitigation as is needed to protect surface water resources from significant adverse impacts. F-261 In the Urban Growth Area, regional and shared surface water management facilities should be encouraged to support infill development to preclude the need for individual on-site facilities, provide development incentives, encourage efficient use of land, and reduce overall facility maintenance costs. These facilities should be planned and financed through public and private partnerships. F-262 Regional and shared stormwater facilities should be funded through an adequate and equitable funding mechanism. Stormwater facilities required of new development should be designed and built for low-cost, long-term maintenance. F-263 King County should work cooperatively with other jurisdictions to develop and implement plans and programs that address the proper treatment and/or disposal of the wastes generated from maintenance of stormwater facilities. September 2004 7-14 F-264 King County should work with jurisdictions to identify and agree upon regional and local storm and surface water management responsibilities and agree on the division of storm and surface water management service provision. L. Floodplain Management Both the Washington State Growth Management Act (chapter 36.70A RCW) and Title 86 RCW, Flood Control require interlocal consistency and coordination for effective floodplain management. Counties have been directed to prepare comprehensive floodplain management plans with participation of the cities. Under the King County Countywide Planning Policies (CPPs), comprehensive floodplain management plans, regulations, and programs within all jurisdictions in any of the major river basins in King County must be consistent with the King County Flood Hazard Reduction Plan. As such, King County is a regional service provider for floodplain management. F-265 F-266 F-267 King County should participate with cities to prepare, update and implement comprehensive flood hazard reduction plans that meet or exceed standards established by the National Flood Insurance Program. King County shall maintain a regional flood warning program for the major river basins in King County. Maintenance of flood protection facilities on the mainstem rivers in King County should reflect a prioritized approach, based upon the Flood Hazard Reduction Plan policies, within available funding levels. Additional funding sources and partnerships in support of maintaining and improving flood protection facilities should be sought whenever possible. 7-15 September 2004 11,1. Eneruv & Tel,ecommunicatio.ns Energy and electronic communications systems are important public services that must be coordinated with land use planning. King County's economy and quality of life depend on readily available energy and telecommunications resources. Efficient use of energy resources can minimize long-term costs to the individual and to society. One or more local, state or federal agencies regulate retail energy providers in King County. Gas and electric utility resource and conservation plans are approved by other agencies through a public process. The Washington Utilities and Transportation Commission (UTC) reviews and accepts plans of private electric and gas utilities, and the Seattle City Council approves the plans of Seattle City Light. Electric and gas utilities operate in King County under franchises with the county for use of the public right-of-way. The UTC also defines the costs that private utilities can recover, approves rates, sets service standards and resolves customer complaints. However, unregulated firms responding to market conditions may develop many new electricity resources. Telecommunications services are regulated by several entities, including the Federal Communications Commission and the Washington Utilities and Transportation Commission. King County has some regulatory authority over telecommunications services through franchises and the development approval process. A. Energy 1. Consistency with Land Use Plans State law mandates that electric and gas public service companies provide the same level of service on a uniform basis, regardless of location. (RCW 80.28.110). Policies in this chapter encourage the utilities to prioritize capital improvements in a manner consistent with land use. Disruption of traffic due to public and private road projects frequently occurs in King County. Policies in this chapter support existing programs to notify utilities of upcoming projects to build, expand, or maintain county roads so utility and road construction can be coordinated. Distribution systems for gas, electric and telecommunications installation in new construction now have separate permits. Permit consolidation is desirable as a means to expedite review while protecting the environment. Countywide Planning Policy ED-23 encourages jurisdictions to establish a master utility project. F-301 Energy providers' resource and facility plans should be consistent with the King County Comprehensive Plan and should provide for a reliable source of energy in the event of natural disaster or other potential threats of disruption to service. F·302 King County should coordinate public road construction and maintenance projects with utility construction and maintenance. 2. Conservation and Alternative Energy Sources King County Countywide Planning Policy C0-6 states that "aggressive conservation efforts shall be implemented to address the need for adequate supply for electrical energy and water resources, protect natural resources, and achieve improved air quality." King County has a September 2004 7-16 continued commitment to energy conservation, use of renewable resources and quality enforcement of the energy code. Solar features in building design can be cost effective in the Pacific Northwest. Solar energy is renewable, clean and reduces the use of fossil fuels. King County encourages the use of both passive and active solar energy use through subdivision and building design. Gas and electric utilities offer low-income energy assistance programs. All feasible actions to increase the availability of conservation measures to low-income residents should be pursued, such as public-private cooperation and combining existing rehabilitation efforts with installation of energy efficiency measures. F-303 Efficient energy consumption, conservation, the use of renewable technologies, and energy responsible land use decisions should be a priority in King County. King County promotes the maximum use of energy conservation and renewable energy resources now, while leaving options for increasing conservation and renewable technologies in the future. F-304 To implement the Countywide Planning Policy of aggressive conservation and promotion of regional air quality, King County should: a. Effectively enforce the energy code as part of the general permit process; b. Provide density incentives through the zoning code for energy-efficient developments; c. Continue to improve the fuel efficiency and emissions of the county- owned fleet of motor vehicles; d. Work with utilities to become a model of energy efficiency in facilities owned or operated by Metropolitan King County; and e. Seek cost-effective ways to capture energy from county operations which other-wise would be lost, such as methane gas from landfills and sewage treatment. F-305 King County shall continue to explore methods of reusing or marketing methane gas from its sewage treatment plants, and shall explore the feasibility of expanding these methods to the methane gas produced at its landfills. F-306 King County encourages the use of solar energy and should protect solar access. F-307 King County should expand the availability of energy efficiency measures to low-income residents. 3. Electric Utilities The four-state Northwest Conservation and Electric Power Plan of the Northwest Power Planning Council provides a blueprint for the development of electricity resources. Bonneville Power Administration and other federal agencies, the region's utilities, state and local government, private businesses and the people of the Northwest all participate in implementing the Council's goals. Electric utilities serving King County include Bonneville Power Administration, Seattle City Light, and Tanner Electric Cooperative. Puget Sound Energy provides both electricity and natural gas service. Hydropower is the largest single source of our existing electrical power, with the county's major suppliers located outside King County. These include the Grand Coulee, North Bonneville and Ross Dams. Federal and state approvals for hydroelectric dams are difficult and time-consuming to acquire, making hydropower a small part of projected new regional power-generating resources. 7-17 September 2004 Existing hydropower facilities in King County include Snoqualmie Falls, Cedar Falls, Twin Falls, Weeks Falls, and Black Creek. Proposed projects include expansion of Snoqualmie Falls and new facilities at South Fork Tait River, Hancock Creek and Calligan Creek (both are tributaries of the North Fork Snoqualmie), the Upper South Fork Snoqualmie and Martin Creek near Stevens Pass. Few additional projects beyond these listed are expected to be built in King County. The Federal Energy Regulatory Commission licenses such projects, but in doing so must consider existing plans and policies of public and private jurisdictions. While power generation benefits the public, care must be taken to ensure that small hydroelectric projects are constructed in an environmentally sound manner, directing new, small hydropower facilities, for example, to streams that do not have anadromous fish. Construction and operation must also be consistent with the intended functions and uses of forestlands, where most small hydroelectric projects are located. Gas-fired combined cycle combustion turbines are expected to dominate new resource additions. These facilities typically fall below the size threshold for the Energy Facilities Site Evaluation Council's siting process. While these facilities have a relatively small physical footprint and are relatively clean, they do pose potential threats to local air and water quality. F-308 F-309 F-310 F-311 To address the cumulative effects of multiple energy facilities, King County should continue to participate in the licensing and relicensing processes for all existing and proposed small hydroelectric projects within King County. Individual project reviews should address consistency with designated land uses and environmental protection goals. Specifically, hydroelectric projects should: a. Not significantly interfere with commercial forestry operations; b. Be located and operated in a manner such that impacts to salmonid fish and wildlife are minimized; c. Avoid unstable and erosion-prone areas; d. Include performance bonding to fund erosion control; e. Provide full mitigation for construction and operation impacts; f. Avoid, to the extent practicable, diminishing scenic values; and g. Incorporate adequate public safety measures. King County and the utilities should identify and preserve corridors to accommodate future electric power transmission and distribution lines. Corridor designation should include: a. Identification of appropriate shared uses and recognition of the values provided by nonutility uses, such as recreation; b. Recognition of county roads as utility corridors; and c. Evaluation of proposed facility plans on a system-wide basis, rather than project-by-project. When new, expanded or upgraded transmission is required, use of existing corridors that have above-ground utilities should be evaluated first. King County should facilitate appropriate corridor sharing among different utility types and owners. New electrical distribution lines should be installed underground where reasonably feasible and not a health or safety concern. The county should encourage underground placement of existing distribution lines through such tools as local improvement districts. Public concern exists over the potential health effects of electrical power lines. The concern focuses on the effects of extremely low level electromagnetic fields, called ELF/EMF or simply EMF. Seattle-King County Department of Public Health currently responds to inquiries from citizens about September 2004 7-18 EMF and keeps abreast of current research. The following policy recognizes the inconclusive nature of the data concerning EMF and the need to have an informed citizenry through public disclosure of available research about the potential health risks. Scientific evidence to-date does not support firm conclusions about the existence of adverse health effects related to EMF. F-312 King County will monitor scientific research on potential human health effects of extremely low frequency electric and magnetic fields (EMF). If federal or state agencies promulgate rules to reduce exposure to EMF - through changes in the use of appliances, construction practices, the location of electrical infrastructure or other activities -the county shall inform its citizens and take appropriate actions. 4. Natural Gas The most thermally efficient use of natural gas is in "direct applications." For example, to heat homes and businesses, the use of natural gas can reduce the demand for additional electricity. The choice of fuel shall be based on market conditions, with the customer comparing various fuels. Many homes and businesses in King County do not have the choice of natural gas, however, even within the Urban Growth Area. Other factors that currently limit natural gas availability include state utility regulations, building and plumbing codes, and rebate programs that favor electric heat. Because of these barriers, most multifamily housing is built with electric heat, a significant consideration given that they represent a large share of projected new housing units in urban King County. F-313 King County should work to remove barriers to the availability and efficient use of natural gas. 5. Hazardous Liquid and Gas Transmission Pipelines Hazardous liquid and gas transmission pipelines, as defined by RCW 81.88.040 and WAC 480- 93-005, consecutively, provide a v_ital service of transporting hazardous materials from one location to another. Long-distance transmission pipelines move a variety of hazardous materials, including crude oil, petroleum products, natural gas and hazardous liquids, such as anhydrous ammonia. Pipeline rupture or failure can result in release of these materials, which are highly flammable, explosive or toxic. The policies in this chapter identify public values and goals to assure that the transmission of hazardous materials by pipeline address public health and safety. The Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERG) regulates the location, construction and operational conditions of interstate natural gas pipelines through its certification process. The state and federal government regulate the location, construction and operational conditions of hazardous liquid and intrastate gas pipelines through the Energy Facility Site Evaluation Council (EFSEC). In its review of pipeline applications, however, EFSEC must determine whether the pipelines are consistent with county land use plans and zoning codes. Thus, King County's authority to regulate the location of pipelines is through the comprehensive plan and development regulations. F-314 F-315 King County recognizes that federal and state regulatory programs govern the design, construction, and operation of hazardous liquid and gas transmission pipelines. To preserve the safety and reliability of the hazardous liquid and gas transmission pipeline system, land use, zoning and regulations shall be consistent with state and federal requirements. Any new hazardous liquid and gas transmission pipelines proposed for construction in King County shall meet the county's development 7-19 September 2004 regulations, including but not limited to, King County's zoning code, building code, grading code, and shoreline management code. King County anticipates that few new hazardous liquid or gas transmission pipelines will be constructed in the near future. However, as existing pipelines age and the relationship between resources, refineries and markets changes over time, new pipelines will need to be constructed. Hazardous liquid and gas transmission pipelines are best constructed away from locations where large numbers of people assemble. King County recognizes however, that under some circumstances, new gas transmission pipelines may need to locate in densely populated areas as the only practical alternative to meet the demand for service. F-316 F-317 F-318 New hazardous liquid and gas transmission pipelines should be located away from high-density residential zones, Urban Activity and Business Centers, Office Parks, sports fields, schools and day care centers or other land uses where large numbers of people would assemble. When new, expanded or upgraded hazardous liquid or gas transmission pipelines are required, use of existing corridors should be evaluated first. King County should facilitate appropriate corridor sharing among different utility types and owners. Hazardous liquid and gas transmission pipelines should not be located in areas susceptible to soil disturbance or liquifaction or in aquifer recharge areas. When it is impractical to avoid such areas, special engineering precautions should be taken to protect public health, safety and welfare. It is essential to map the location of existing hazardous liquid and gas transmission pipelines within King County so that developers know where they are and whom to call for information before construction begins. Accurate maps will assist King County in reviewing land use applications for land uses located near pipelines. F-319 King County should map the location of existing and new hazardous liquid and gas transmission pipelines. Maps shall not substitute the one-call locating system and shall not be used for any construction or maintenance activity. Risks to life and property can be minimized by keeping land uses a safe distance from hazardous liquid and gas transmission pipelines. Pipelines transport a variety of materials, some of which flow under the force of gravity. While standard setbacks do not assure protection from materials that have the ability to migrate, setbacks may protect life and property from hazardous materials that are highly flammable, explosive or toxic. Limiting the allowable uses within pipeline rights-al- way can further reduce risks to life and property. F-320 F-321 Structures designed for human occupancy shall not be located within hazardous liquid or gas transmission pipeline rights-of-way and should be set back from the pipeline to protect public health, safety and property. No structures shall be located over the pipeline. Land uses shall be restricted within hazardous liquid and gas transmission pipeline rights-of-way. Passive recreational uses, such as hiking trails, may be allowed if the risk to life and property is assessed and determined to be minimal. Pipeline failure can result from damage caused by excavation near existing pipelines. Many existing pipelines initially were constructed in less-populated areas with little development. As September 2004 7-20 • demand for land grows, the risk of conflict between existing pipelines and land development increases. F-322 King County should promote the safety and reliability of the hazardous liquid and natural gas transmission pipeline systems by requiring developers, contractors, and excavators to notify the state, pipeline operators and utilities through the one-number locator service, before beginning excavation or construction. F-323 In the interest of safety and reliability of the hazardous liquid and natural gas interstate transmission pipeline systems, the county should take steps to protect and preserve the signs that mark pipelines. 6. Natural Gas Distribution Systems Natural gas pipelines fall into two major categories: gas transmission lines that transport natural gas from production fields to local distribution companies and distribution systems tHat deliver natural gas from transmission pipelines to retail customers. The federal government may define certain parts of the natural gas distribution system that serve large volume gas users as part of the transmission system. Distribution systems for transporting natural gas are fundamentally different from transmission gas pipelines and should be regulated based on their design, use and location. Gas distribution systems are owned and operated by local distribution utilities. Such systems consist of the pipelines that deliver natural gas to end users together with intermediate supply lines. The distribution system is constructed incrementally, with addition of new segments and upgrading of existing lines in numerous small projects. The distribution system is a network that is primarily located in road rights-of-way, where service is available. Local distribution companies are subject to the comprehensive safety regulations administered by the Washington Utilities and Transportation Commission (WUTC) under state law and regulations and by the federal Office of Pipeline Safety under federal law and regulations. The rates and services of investor-owned utilities also are subject to comprehensive regulation by the WUTC under state law and regulations. F-324 F-325 F-326 F-327 F-328 King County recognizes that the gas distribution system is primarily located in road rights-of-way. King County should promote the safety and reliability of the natural gas distribution pipeline systems by requiring developers, contractors, and excavators to notify the state, pipeline operators and utilities through the one-number locator service, before beginning excavation or construction. In the interest of safety and reliability of the natural gas distribution pipeline systems, the county should take steps to protect and preserve the signs that mark pipelines. Structures designed for human occupancy shall not be located within gas distribution pipeline rights-of-way and should be set back from the pipeline to protect public health, safety and property. No structures shall be located over the pipeline. Permit requirements shall require excavators to ensure adequate protection of any facilities that are encountered during their work. This shall include but not be limited to adhering to the foreign facility owners requirements for separation and backfill, developing joint plans when drilling or boring parallel to foreign facilities, and potholing all facilities that will be crossed by drilling or boring. 7-21 September 2004 B. Telecommunications 1. Telecommunications Telecommunication technologies are changing rapidly and will continue to change during the horizon of this plan. The future telecommunication system may make little distinction between cable, telephone and cellular. Telecommunication services include voice, data, video and other communication services on various mediums including, but not limited to, wire, fiber optic or radio wave. Effective telecommunications services are critical to citizens in several ways. They promote and enhance individual information exchange, contribute to a robust regional economy, and afford numerous public services, including delivery of emergency services, education and opportunities for citizen involvement. F-329 King County complies with the Telecommunications Act of 1996 and provides the widespread availability of telecommunication systems to facilitate communication between and among members of the public, public institutions and business in both the urban and rural areas. F-330 Telecommunication services are to be encouraged as a means to mitigate the transportation impact of development and growth. F-331 Long-term planning for telecommunications construction, reconstruction and facility upgrades should include provisions to insure that the system's capacity, design and equipment will allow users to take advantage of innovative uses, services and technology. F-332 Telecommunication companies and the county should coordinate activities when facilities are being installed or road construction projects are scheduled. F-333 Long-term planning for telecommunications systems should allow uninterrupted service during natural disasters. F-334 Colocation of telecommunication facilities is encouraged to reduce the unnecessary proliferation of individual, single-user towers. Colocation shall be required unless an applicant can demonstrate to the satisfaction of the county that colocation on an existing tower is not feasible and not consistent with service quality and access. F-335 Although visual impacts are always an important consideration in the decision to approve or deny a proposal, King County shall give greater weight to the visual impacts of telecommunication facilities proposed to be located on residentially-zoned lands or in the Rural Area. In addition, the visual impacts of proposals for an individual tower with a single user shall be given greater weight than proposals to colocate facilities. F-336 King County considers the placement of telecommunication facilities within street rights-of-way as the preferred alternative to the construction of facilities on private property. Regulatory standards shall require placement in street rights-of-way, especially within residential neighborhoods and Rural areas, unless such a location is not feasible or not consistent with service quality and access. 2. Cable Services September 2004 7-22 King County Ordinance No. 10159 dictates current policy for cable services. It states in part: " it is the County's policy to promote the widespread availability of cable service and diverse information to County residents and to encourage the development of cable systems and cable technology as a means of communication between and among members of the public and public institutions." The county's cable-related needs are expressed in the following policies: F-337 Long-term planning for cable systems should include service to all areas of the county which meet the minimum density established in the cable company's franchise agreement and the county's Cable Television Ordinance. F-338 Cable companies should provide services that meet the cable-related needs and interests of all segments of the community, taking into account the cost of meeting such needs and interests. F-339 Cable companies should take affirmative steps to ensure that reasonable services are available regardless of income or the income of other people in the person's neighborhood. F-340 The goal of long-term cable planning should be a high-capacity, state-of-the- art system. Two-way capacity should be installed and activated. Cable systems should be interconnected to other communications systems. They should be designed to be "open"; that is, the systems should be usable by many, for a variety of purposes. F-341 Public uses of the cable system should be expanded as the system is upgraded. 3. Internet Access Rapidly changing technologies are providing opportunities for alternative work environments and lifestyles as more people transmit and receive information through the internet. While there is a growing interest in the use of computer technologies, few new developments are including high- speed internet access lines or home cabling. King County encourages private partnering between developers, builders and communication providers to expand the opportunities for access to the internet. F-342 F-343 Developers should collaborate with major employers to create developments that facilitate and encourage telecommuting by installing high-speed internet lines during construction of the project. Builders and architects should work with the telecommunication industry to design state-of-the art cable-ready homes and offices. 7-23 September 2004 Cha ter Ei ht Communitv Plans Cha ter Ei ht Communitv Plans Though typically separate from the King County Comprehensive Plan, some community plan policies have been incorporated into the comprehensive plan. These policies apply to specific geographic areas of King County. The original community plan policy number appears in parentheses at the end of each policy. Between 1973 and 1994 King County prepared community plans for 12 subareas of unincorporated King County. The first generation of community plans, substantially completed by 1984, were used to implement the county's 1964 Comprehensive Plan, and consisted of detailed land use policies, area zoning, and lists of capital projects (primarily roads and parks) for each planning area. The second generation of community plans, from 1985 to 1994, implemented many concepts of the 1985 King County Comprehensive Plan (for example low-density zoning for rural areas, resource lands and environmentally sensitive areas, higher urban residential densities, and development guidelines for major urban activity centers such as Kenmore) that were carried over to the 1994 King County Comprehensive Plan. Under King County's pre-Growth Management Act (GMA) planning system, if a community plan conflicted with the comprehensive plan, the community plan governed. Under the GMA, the comprehensive plan prevails over "subarea" plans (RCW 36.70A.080(2)). The 1994 King County Comprehensive Plan spelled out the relationship between the comprehensive plan and community plans and directed the county to review community plans and repeal or revise them to eliminate conflicts. The county has reviewed the community plans adopted between 1973 and 1994 and determined that, while most community plans' policies are redundant (or in a few cases in conflict with the 1994 Comprehensive Plan), some are area-specific or issue-specific and should be readopted as part of the comprehensive plan. Although the community plans (except for the Vashon Town Plan, West Hill, and White Center - see Section XIII) are no longer in effect as separately adopted plans, in many cases the published plan documents contain valuable historical information about King County's communities and other information that provides background for the policies listed below and for the portions of the local pre-GMA area zoning that remain in effect. The following section contains those community plan policies that are readopted as part of the King County comprehensive plan, and community plan policies that have been amended through subarea plans. This section also contains policies that have been adopted subsequent to community plans, but are specific to individual community planning areas. 8-1 September 2004 I. Bearcreek The Bear Creek Community Plan became effective in February 1989, and directed most forecast growth into a concentrated area near the City of Redmond Watershed, first referred to as the "Novelty Hill Master Planned Developments." The rest of the Bear Creek Plateau was designated for a mixture of suburban and rural residential development. The 1994 King County Comprehensive Plan redesignated most of the planning area as rural. In 1995, some of the Bear Creek Community Plan's policies relating to the Novelty Hill Master Planned Developments (MPDs) were amended by Ordinance 11954. Also, the 1994 Comprehensive Plan refers to MPDs as Urban Planned Developments (UPDs). After the 1994 Comprehensive Plan's urban designation of the UPD sites was appealed and remanded to the county, the sites in question were redesignated for Fully Contained Communities (FCCs) as defined in the Growth Management Act, as well as UPDs (See policy R-104 in Chapter 3). The readopted policies for the most part address Novelty Hill and some area-specific transportation and trail issues. CP-101 CP-102 September 2004 To provide a range of housing opportunities and accommodate a fair share of growth in Bear Creek, the Novelty Hill subarea should be designated an urban planned development (UPD) and fully contained community (FCC). This designation will be implemented by urban planned development. (BC-3) Urban planned development will be permitted in the Novelty Hill subarea only when the following planning policies are met: a. To protect existing wetlands, streams and wildlife habitat, urban planned development shall be consistent with the intent of King County ordinances, King County Comprehensive Plan policies and sensitive areas regulations. The design of the proposed development shall protect and preserve existing wetlands, streams and wildlife habitat by several methods including (but not limited to) minimizing alterations to the natural drainage features, maintaining water quality, preserving storage capacity, providing undisturbed unique/outstanding wetlands and undisturbed or enhanced buffers, restricting the number of stream crossings, and minimizing erosion and sedimentation. To achieve the intent of this policy it may be necessary to exceed the requirements of the King County wetland guidelines. b. A master drainage plan for the Novelty Hill subarea shall be approved by King County. c. New development adjacent to a unique/outstanding or significant wetland should preserve or enhance the wetland and provide an undisturbed buffer around the wetland adequate to protect its natural functions. Encroachments into significant wetlands may be allowed when no feasible alternative exists and enhancements are provided to replace the lost wetland functions; and d. Groundwater recharge areas should be identified and protected to ensure that groundwater resources are protected from potential pollution. e. To ensure that the existing road system in both King County and Redmond is not adversely affected, on-site and off-site traffic impacts shall be mitigated consistent with the Integrated Transportation Program (K.C.C. chapter 14.65). f. A project environmental impact statement (EIS) shall be required for all property proposed for urban planned development within the UPD 8·2 ) • CP-103 CP-104 CP-105 development area. The project EIS shall address the full range of public services necessary to serve urban development on Novelty Hill. The EIS shall include the cost of these services, the financial responsibility of the developer(s) and affected jurisdictions, and the method of phasing development to coincide with availability of these public services. g. Since the remainder of residential land in Bear Creek will either be recognized as existing one-acre neighborhoods or designated as rural areas, all improvements to public facilities, including but not limited to road construction and sewers, shall be financed by the UPD developers provided the impacts are the result of UPD developments or according to a fair-share formula agreed to by affected parties. h. A full range of housing densities, types and prices including housing for low-, moderate-, and medium-income groups shall be included in the UPD. The mix of single-family and multifamily housing in the UPDs shall approximate the existing county housing stock mix. i. Urban planned development shall maintain and keep open for public use identified major equestrian and hiking trails. j. Urban planned development shall provide active recreation facilities that adequately serve the needs of future residents and employees. k. Urban planned development shall provide a minimum of 25% open space in addition to the preservation of all surveyed wetlands. I. The Novelty Hill urban planned development area shall contain an urban activity center, which includes a commercial center to provide for the everyday shopping needs of the planned UPD population. m. The activity center shall also contain a business park of sufficient size to provide a diversity of employment opportunities and a balance of jobs and households for the UPD area. n. In order to preserve opportunities for a variety of employment types in the business park areas, retail development in freestanding buildings should be excluded. Up to 10% of gross floor area in business park buildings may be planned for retail uses, such as restaurants and business services, to serve business park employees. o. Development conditions for the shopping and business park areas should encourage high quality development and site design. The area will revert to rural if UPD development is denied or not pursued. If the UPD area reverts to rural, the zoning shall be RA-5. (BC-4) Sewer facilities necessary to serve urban planned development on Novelty Hill are planned, designed and constructed to serve only such development and are prohibited from serving nearby surrounding low-density urban and rural areas. Proposals to extend sewer service or expand urban development outside the Novelty Hill subarea are not appropriate and are inconsistent with the purpose of the King County Comprehensive Plan. (BC-5) The Novelty Hill urban planned development or fully contained community shall contain a commercial area of sufficient size to serve the future residents and employees. (BC-17) The natural drainage systems of Bear, Evans, and Patterson Creeks should be restored, maintained, and enhanced to protect water quality, preserve existing aquatic habitat, reduce public costs, and prevent environmental degradation. Public improvements and private developments should not alter natural drainage systems without mitigating measures which eliminate 8-3 September 2004 CP-106 CP-107 CP-108 CP-109 CP-110 CP-111 CP-112 September 2004 increased risk of flooding and erosion, negative impacts on water quality, and loss on aquatic or riparian habitat. (BC-32) An undisturbed corridor wide enough to maintain the natural biological and hydrological functions of streams should be preserved in all new development in the Bear Creek Planning Area. (BC-34) Bear, Evans, and Patterson Creeks and their tributaries should be protected from grazing animal access in order to: 1) reduce water quality degradation from animal wastes, 2) reduce bank collapse due to trampling, and 3) allow shading vegetation to reestablish along stream banks. (BC-35) Streams channeled in the Bear, Evans, and Patterson Creek drainages should not be placed in culverts unless absolutely necessary for property access. To reduce disruption to streams and their banks, bridges should be used for stream crossings, and crossings should serve several properties. When culverts are required, oversized culverts with gravel bottoms that maintain the channels' width and grade should be used. (BC-38) New development should rehabilitate degraded stream channels and banks in the Bear, Evans, and Patterson Creek drainages to prevent further erosion and water quality problems. Where conditions permit, the banks and channels should be restored to a natural state. (BC-39) Unique or significant wildlife should be identified and preserved. Development plans should identify significant wildlife habitat and should locate buildings, roads, and other features on less sensitive portions of the site. These considerations may result in a reduction in density from that otherwise allowed by zoning. (BC-40) The Bear and Evans Creeks' watersheds have been designated as critical areas for protection of the aquatic resources and human health. The following surface water management activities should be promoted. a. Appropriate and reasoned changes in land use policies and regulations may be evaluated during the preparation of the Bear/Evans Creeks Basin Plan. b. Ensure adequate field inspection of land development activities. c. Implement a public information program to promote water resources and stream channel protection. d. The Bear and Evans Creeks Basin Plan shall develop recommendations for water quality monitoring and recommended methods for citizen input and evaluation to assess the success of the county's policies and regulations pertaining to this planning area. (BC-41) Mitigation of traffic impacts to the City of Redmond arterial system will be accomplished through the interlocal agreement process. The Avondale arterial corridor study recommendations shall be used as a basis for traffic mitigation requirements for both city and county development affecting the corridor. Mitigation shall preserve the operational integrity of the corridor and maintain existing local access. The primary arterial corridor between the Novelty Hill urban area and SR-520 should be located and designed to encourage transit and ride-sharing alternatives to single-occupant vehicle travel. 8-4 CP-113 CP-114 CP-115 CP-116 CP-117 CP-118 Transportation planning of new facilities and management of the transportation system should be coordinated with current and forecast needs of the East Sammamish and Northshore planning areas, adjacent areas of Snohomish County, and with the cities of Redmond and Kirkland, and should be a cooperative effort of the affected jurisdictions. Phasing of Bear Creek and Redmond development should be strongly linked to the provision of adequate transportation facilities and travel demand management programs. (BC-45A) Establishment of new rights-of-way and acquisition of additional right-of-way in existing corridors should emphasize protection of natural systems and adequate buffering of existing and potential residential development. (BC-47) Road improvements in Cottage Lake, Ring Hill, Ames Lake, Union Hill, and the rural areas should incorporate design features such as grass-lined swales to minimize surface water disruption and to protect and enhance water quality. (BC-49) 196th Avenue Northeast ("Red Brick Road") between Union Hill Road and Redmond-Fall City Road (SR-202) is a historic road and should be preserved by restoring its brick surface, limiting vehicular loads and speeds, and prohibiting access to commercially-zoned properties to the west. Access to these properties should be provided by other existing roads and by a new north-south road connecting Union Hill Road and 185th/187th Avenues Northeast. (BC-50) Park-and-ride and park-and-pool lots should be developed in Redmond, Cottage Lake, Ring Hill, Ames Lake, and Union Hill to provide focal points for transit and ride sharing. Park-and-pool lots should be located in rural areas along major commuting corridors such as SR-202, Redmond-Fall. City Road, Novelty Hill Road, and Woodinville-Duvall Road. (BC-52) The Northwest Gas Pipeline and Puget Sound Power Line should be established as regional trails in Bear Creek to tie in with the East Sammamish planning area and to connect with the King County Toi! Pipeline Trail and the Snoqualmie Valley Trail. (BC-61) When the development of property occurs in Bear Creek, adequate rights-of- way should be provided for trail use. Trails should connect to existing and proposed schools, parks, riding stables, and recreation areas. (BC-62) 8-5 September 2004 1:1. East S8IODl81DiSb The East Sammamish Community Plan was adopted in December 1992. The East Sammamish Community Plan Update became effective in June 1993. Most of the planning area was designated for urban development, but important rural areas included Happy Valley, Grand Ridge and the eastern edge of the Sammamish Plateau. For the most part, the 1994 King County Comprehensive Plan reaffirmed the land use designations of the East Sammamish Community Plan Update. The major changes from the community plan occasioned by the 1994 Comprehensive Plan were replacement of the "urban reserve" approach to grow1h phasing with the service and finance strategy outlined in the 1994 Comprehensive Plan and designation of a portion of Grand Ridge for urban grow1h. Most of the readopted policies address drainage, transportation and road design. · CP-201 CP-202 CP-203 CP-204 For all new development, increased standards for retention/detention, water quality facilities, and monitoring shall be considered, adopted and implemented as appropriate within the areas identified in surface water management basin planning and reconnaissance study areas. (NE-1) As new roads are built and existing roads widened, special consideration shall be taken to create or retain the aesthetic character of the area through the use of vegetated buffers that utilize native vegetation. (NE-3) Control mechanisms equal to or more effective than those adopted by Ordinance 9365 limiting or removing phosphorus and other non:Point source pollutants from water bodies should be established and implemented as special requirements in area-specific basins plans to provide added protection to streams, lakes, wetlands. The Lake Sammamish Water Quality Management Project Report and, upon their adoption, the Issaquah Creek and East Lake Sammamish Basin and Non-point Source Control Plan, the Pine Lake Management Plan and the Beaver Lake Management Plan recommendations should be implemented to protect water bodies from non- point source pollution. (NE-7) Development shall protect wildlife through site design and landscaping. New development within or adjacent to the wildlife habitat network should incorporate design techniques that protect and enhance wildlife habitat values. (NE-10) CP-205 All golf course proposals shall be carefully evaluated for their impacts on surface and groundwater quality, sensitive areas, and fish and wildlife resources and habitat. (NE-11) CP-206 Water used for irrigating golf courses should come from nonpotable water sources wherever possible. Use of natural surface water sources, such as streams, should be avoided due to impacts on fish and other wildlife habitat. A water conservation plan shall be submitted with golf course applications which should address measures such as the use of drought-tolerant plant species. (NE-12) September 2004 8-6 CP-207 CP-208 CP-209 CP-210 CP-211 CP-212 CP-213 CP-214 The Patterson Creek Basin currently provides highly-productive aquatic habitat. Urban development within this basin should be conditioned to protect this resource by minimizing site disturbance, impervious surfaces and disturbances of wetlands and streams. (No Community Plan Policy Number) The Northwest Pipeline office and maintenance shop is an existing use and is recognized by this plan as providing a needed service to the area. This 6.5 acre site may redevelop for pipeline utility and/or school bus base uses exclusive of major maintenance functions that are compatible with the surrounding rural development and agricultural uses. Redesignation of additional properties in the immediate vicinity of Northwest Pipeline for manufacturing park uses or other urban uses shall not be permitted. (Cl-13) New developments should be designed and constructed with an internal road system which includes a Neighborhood Collector linking with existing or planned adjacent developments, creating a complete Neighborhood Collector circulation system and such linkage should be designed to ensure safety of local streets. Through traffic on local access streets should be discouraged. (T-9) Metropolitan King County Government should establish park-and-ride facilities in the East Sammamish Community Planning area. Park-and-ride facilities should be built along 228th Avenue and/or adjacent to 1-90 and SR- 202. The park-and-ride lots should be sited adjacent to and connect with existing or proposed community or neighborhood centers or within the employment center located around the intersection of E. Lake Sammamish Parkway and SE 56th Street. Establishment of a site near, but to the north of, 1-90 should be high priority response to current and anticipated 1-90 access problems. (T-13) Consistent with the King County Open Space Plan, the county shall encourage establishment of an open space system in East Sammamish and give priority to protecting recreational, cultural and natural and sensitive areas such as shorelines, aquifer recharge areas, wildlife habitat, historic properties, archaeological sites, scenic vistas and community separators or greenbelts. The county may require lot clustering within or adjacent to open space areas; linkages between open spaces and may provide density bonuses or incentives to developers who preserve significant open space or establish trails beyond usually applied mitigation. (P-11) Urban separators should be established to provide visual relief from continuous development, provide important linkages for wildlife habitat, and maintain a visual separation between distinct communities. (P-17) There are areas within the urban separators that are especially suitable for trail connections for recreational use by present and anticipated population. King County should develop a trail and/or parks system utilizing the preserved open space within the urban separators. (P-18) When the development of properties occurs in the East Sammamish planning area, public access or easements should be required to complete the development of a local trail system for those areas where existing trails have historically been used by the public, or where the King County Open Space 8·7 September 2004 September 2004 Plan identifies proposed trail alignment for regional and local trails. The Parks Division shall review the application during the development review process. (P-23) B·B 111. Enumclaw The Enumclaw Community Plan and Area Zoning were commenced in 1986-87 and adopted in June 1990. The community plan refined boundaries between the Enumclaw Plateau's Agricultural Production District and abutting Rural Areas and Forest Production District, and designated the Urban Growth Area agreed to by King County and the City of Enumclaw. The 1994 King County Comprehensive Plan reaffirmed the Enumclaw Community Plan's land use designations. CP-301 CP-302 CP-303 All development within 660 feet of the top of the Green River valley walls should be conditioned lo avoid adverse impacts on the environment and risks to life and property. (EN-12) King County should work with landowners on either side of SR-410 east of the City of Enumclaw to protect the scenic qualities of this highway corridor. (EN-22) King County should work with Washington State Parks and Recreation Commission and landowners on either side of the Green River Gorge to protect the scenic qualities of the Green River Gorge conservation area. (EN-23) Enumclaw's expansion area, like that of other rural cities, is shown on the King County Comprehensive Plan Land Use Map. CP-304 King County should work with the City of Enumclaw to establish an agreement guiding future annexations, including but not limited to the following elements: a. Commitment from the city to extend and maintain public services to the area, including police, fire, transportation, sewer, water, storm water management and general government services. b. Commitment from the city to provide a variety of residential development at an overall density for unconstrained land of at least four to eight units per acre. c. Commitment from the city that the extension of public services to meet the needs of future residents will maintain service levels to existing city residents. d. Commitment that the city will continue environmental protection for sensitive areas, (including but not limited to flood plains, steep slopes, wetlands, seismic and landslide hazard areas) at or above King County standards. e. Commitment from the city to use measures to buffer or protect abutting forest or agriculture resource lands. f. Commitment that the city will provide protection of historic sites and areas equal to the county's Historic Preservation Ordinance. g. Commitment by King County to consult with the city on public improvement standards, such as local road standards, drainage control requirements and transportation standards that will apply to development in expansion areas. 8-9 September 2004 h. Commitment by King County to notify the city of development proposals in the expansion area and to consult with the city to condition development approvals to mitigate adverse impacts on city services and to implement city plans, policies and standards. i. Commitment by King County to notify the city of development proposals in an impact area, which includes all lands within a one-mile radius of the expansion area, and to consult with the city where applicable to condition development approvals to mitigate adverse impacts on city services. j. Agreement on which jurisdiction will have responsibility for parks, roads, storm water or other public facilities after annexation. (EN-40) CP-305 Access to state park lands should be designed to minimize adverse traffic impacts on the Southeast Green Valley Road. (EN-56) CP-306 Any expansion of aircraft runway or hangar capacity in the Enumclaw planning area should be concentrated on or near the existing Enumclaw airport. Existing legally approved landing strips associated with low-density residential developments, such as Evergreen Sky Ranch, shall not be expanded. (EN-60) CP-307 Redevelopment of the Enumclaw landfill site should be subject to studies to assure public health and safety. If these studies determine that there is no threat to public health and safety the site's rural designation may be changed to accommodate a public use such as a park or other facility without an amendment to the King County Comprehensive Plan. (EN-71) September 2004 8· 1 0 IV. Federal wav Work on the Federal Way Community Plan and/or amendments occurred from 1972 to 1975, 1977 to 1980, and 1984 to 1986. Federal Way was part of the first generation of community plans in the county that were adopted separately from their implementing area zoning. After these experiences, the county decided to adopt both together to avoid going through essentially the same decisions twice for each community. The City of Federal Way incorporated in 1990, removing most of the planning area from the county's jurisdiction. None of the Federal Way Community Plan or its amendments are readopted. 8-11 September 2004 V. Hluh.llne Highline has one of the longest histories of any community planning area. Between its original adoption in 1976 as the "SeaTac Communities Plan" and adoption of the 1994 King County Comprehensive Plan, the High line Community Plan has been updated or amended 13 times, and has been partially or wholly replaced by plans for smaller areas within Highline (e.g., West Hill, Burien Activity Center, White Center Community Action Plan, and SeaTac). The City of SeaTac incorporated in 1990, the City of Burien incorporated in 1993, and numerous portions of the planning area have been annexed by Tukwila and Des Moines. Although the planning area as a whole has grown slowly since 1970, the incorporations and annexations have resulted in a massive decrease in the unincorporated area population (down over 38 percent between 1990 and 1994). None of the Highline Community Plan is readopted with the exception of West Hill and White Center which were adopted in 1994 as part of the comprehensive plan but published separately. (See Section XIII.) September 2004 8-12 VI. Newcastle The Newcastle Community Plan commenced in 1 978 and was adopted in May 1983. The final adopted plan designated three sites for Master Planned Developments (MP Os), but stipulated that only two MPDs could occur without an update of the community plan. One MPD was approved by the county in the late 1980s. Bellevue annexed Factoria and Newport Hills in 1993 and the City of Newcastle was incorporated in 1994, so the noncity portion of the planning area's population fell 13 percent between 1990 and 1994 even though the whole planning area is forecast to grow almost 18 percent between 1994 and 201 O. The planning area also includes some areas designated Rural by either the 1985 or 1994 King County Comprehensive Plans. CP-601 CP-602 CP-603 King County supports the nomination of the Odd Fellows Cemetery and counterbalance right-of-way to the National and State Registers of Historic Places. (N-33) Limit grazing animal access to May Creek and its tributaries in order to 1) reduce water quality degradation from animal wastes, 2) reduce bank collapse due to animals' hooves, and 3) allow shading vegetation to reestablish along stream banks. (N-41) May Creek is acknowledged as a regional asset and should be protected. Thus, King County shall not increase zoning density on lands that drain into May Creek (i.e. the May Valley Basin) without first determining and implementing surface water runoff mitigation necessary to control flooding and siltation in May Creek. 8·13 September 2004 VII. Norths.ho.re The Northshore planning area has been one of King County's faster-growing planning areas. The first "Northshore Communities Development Plan" began in 1972-73 and was adopted in August 1977. Almost immediately the Northshore Community Plan Revision Committee was established, and the "Revised Northshore Community Plan" was adopted in 1981. The latest Northshore Community Plan Update began in July 1988 and was adopted in February 1993. During 1993, the newly incorporated City of Woodinville assumed jurisdiction within its territory. Portions of the planning area have been annexed by Bothell, Kirkland and Redmond. Kenmore, a significant unincorporated activity center, became a city in August 1998. CP-701 The north and east slopes of Norway Hill have an established neighborhood character and limited future development potential. They are, therefore, designated low density urban, 1 home per acre. King County recognizes that extensive steep slopes and erosive soils at the top of Norway Hill (above the 300-foot elevation mark) warrant lower residential densities. (E-10) CP-702 The undeveloped area to the south of Metro's Brickyard Park and Ride lot should retain its office-only designation in recognition of its proximity to a major transportation corridor and the need for increased employment opportunity in proximity to planned high-density residential areas. (E-13) CP-703 King County, Snohomish County, the City of Bothell, and the City of Woodinville should work on specific areas of mutual concern, such as the Swamp Creek and Daniels Creek drainage basins, the SR-527 transportation corridor, the proposed regional facilities of the University of Washington, and the future expansion of the City of Bothell. (E-25) CP-704 Swamp Creek provides important wildlife habitat and serves as an urban separator between Kenmore and Bothell. To protect the Swamp Creek corridor, no development should be allowed in the Swamp Creek floodplain. Residential development shall be clustered away from the tributary, as defined in the area zoning. (R-7) CP-705 Significant vegetation is a diminishing resource in the Northshore community. Significant vegetation contributes significantly to environmental quality, neighborhood character, and the quality of life in Northshore. All new residential development shall retain significant existing vegetation. Native vegetation should be utilized wherever possible. (R-17) CP-706 New development must provide pedestrian connections to off-site facilities such as existing trails, walkways, community facilities and services, transit, schools and surrounding residential neighborhoods. Pedestrian links should be provided internally in all new residential development. Bicycle and equestrian links should be provided where possible. (R-19) CP-707 King County recognizes the importance of existing mobile home parks in providing affordable housing options. Mobile home parks outside of the September 2004 8-14 CP-708 CP-709 CP-710 CP-711 CP-712 CP-713 CP-714 Woodinville and Kenmore commercial core areas are designated for mobile homes park uses, and shall be zoned appropriately. King County shall continue to examine the feasibility of funding and developing a replacement mobile home park in north King County for displaced mobile homes on county-owned or privately owned sites. King County should develop interlocal agreements with the cities of Bothell, Redmond, Kirkland, Woodinville and Kenmore for joint development of replacement parks to accommodate mobile home owners if they are displaced from mobile home parks within cities. (R-21) Roadway improvements addressing the transportation needs in the Sammamish Valley from the South Woodinville bypass to northeast 124th Street should carefully preserve the rural character of the valley as indicated by this and other adopted land use plans. Incorporating roadway design characteristics, such as tree windbreaks and shoulders instead of curb and gutter, will enhance this rural atmosphere. Access from adjacent properties to the proposed Willows Road extension shall be discouraged. Where access is necessary from adjacent properties, access shall be consolidated. (T-11) King County should improve motorized and nonmotorized transportation circulation east and west across the 1-405 corridor to provide relief in the congested Totem Lake and Kingsgate areas. The county should also cooperate with other jurisdictions. (T-12) Transit improvements and HOV treatments on 1-405 and SR-522 should be given highest priority. This may include developer contributions to these improvements as part of the development review process. (T-25) Transportation projects in Northshore should incorporate bicycle friendly design, utilizing a variety of design techniques appropriate to the particular project and right-of-way characteristics, including, but not limited to, bicycle lanes, wide outside travel lanes, paved shoulders, bicycle sensitive signal detectors, and appropriate signing. Existing bicycle facilities should be preserved or enhanced when general road improvements are made. Secure parking for bicycles should be provided at activity centers throughout Northshore. (T-33) Pedestrian and bicycle linkages are encouraged and should be planned. There should also be a link for equestrian uses from Hollywood Hill and NE 171 st Street to the Sammamish River trail in the vicinity of the South Woodinville CBD bypass. (W-14) Protection of natural vegetation coverage at levels sufficient to moderate surface water runoff and erosion and to protect the integrity of stream channels should be required through special zoning requirements, critical drainage basin requirements, or countywide ordinance. When revegetation is required, appropriate native vegetation should be used. (NR-4) Until such times as the Sammamish River Basin Plan is adopted, special attention should be given to the Reconnaissance Report #1 O during the development review process. The comprehensive plan land use map should 8-15 September 2004 be amended, if analysis through the Sammamish River Basin Plan indicates a need to modify adopted land uses in order to protect water resources of the Sammamish Basin. (NR-8) CP-715 Unique geologic conditions in Northshore have resulted in hillsides that have a high risk of large scale erosion. Increased on-site retention/detention requirements in areas drainage over steep and erosive slopes should be adopted and implemented as special zoning requirements. (NR-9) CP-716 A community-wide trail system for pedestrians, equestrians, and bicyclists should be developed. This trail system should connect regional trails with local trails and walkways. (P-6) CP-717 When the development of properties occurs in the Northshore Planning Area, public access or easements should be required to complete the development of a local trail system. Adequate right-of-way should be provided for trail use. To ensure that the provision of trail corridor right-of-way does not result in a reduction in the number of permitted building lots, the area within the trail right-of-way, not otherwise credited as part of a road right-of-way dedication, should also be credited toward the lot area of any proposed development. Trails should connect to existing and proposed schools, parks, riding stables, recreation areas and neighborhoods. (P-9) CP-718 King County should work closely with other jurisdictions and public agencies to seek appropriate trail links between elements of the open space system including, but not limited to the Burke-Gilman trail, Sammamish River trail, and the Tolt Pipeline Trail. (P-10) CP-719 Existing public access points to the Sammamish River should be maintained and additional access points acquired and developed to ensure the use of this river as trail corridor and fishing area. (P-11) CP-720 King County should transfer ownership of county-owned property located north of NE 145th, south of 148th Street, west of 124th Avenue NE and east of 119th Avenue NE to the cities of Bothell and Kirkland in order to preserve it for park and open space purposes. (P-16) September 2004 8-16 VIII. Shoreline The Shoreline Community Plan was commenced in March 1977 and adopted in August 1980. The new City of Shoreline commenced operating in August 1995; between Shoreline and Lake Forest Park the planning area has very little unincorporated territory left, all of which is in one or the other city's Potential Annexation Area (PAA). All of the unincorporated share of the planning area's 2012 household growth target will be accommodated within the new City of Shoreline. Therefore, none of the Shoreline Community Plan's policies are readopted. 8-17 September 2004 11. soo,qaailmia va111e1 The Snoqualmie Valley Community Plan was initiated in April 1984, and adopted in August 1989. The process resulted in designation of the Snoqualmie Ridge Urban Growth Area for the City of Snoqualmie. The area was annexed by the City of Snoqualmie, and development is proceeding under an interlocal agreement as directed by the community plan. The 1994 King County Comprehensive Plan largely reaffirmed the Rural and Resource Lands land use map designations of the community plan. CP-901 CP-902 CP-903 CP-904 CP-905 September 2004 King County, in cooperation with the Valley cities, and state and federal agencies, should conduct a study of baseline conditions and cumulative impacts of development on the Snoqualmie River's water quality, and identify methods of equitably controlling these impacts. (SQP-1 through SQP-6) Wildlife populations in the Snoqualmie Valley planning area are recognized as a regionally important resource and an important characteristic of the area's rural character. Special studies should be undertaken, in cooperation with the Washington State Department of Wildlife, to identify wildlife populations at risk due to the land uses allowed by the King County Comprehensive Plan and to develop mitigation measures to protect the continued viability of the area's wildlife populations. Should these studies indicate unmitigatable impact affecting wildlife populations due to the land uses allowed by the plan, a comprehensive plan amendment study will be undertaken to provide for the continued existence of this valuable resource. (SQP-17) Properties in erosion-prone drainage basins are subject to special development conditions applied to protect the safety and property of county residents through reducing or eliminating the occurrence of gully formation and sever erosion. These conditions may include: a. A drainage control plan; b. Installation of drainage control features prior to any land clearing, vegetation removal, site grading, road construction, or utility installation; and c. Runoff control requirements. (SQP-21) King County will oppose annexations to Snoqualmie Valley cities that currently contain designated floodplain lands until interlocal agreements have been enacted to advance the policies and standards set forth in the comprehensive plan. (SQP-27) The Shoreline Environment designations of the King County Shoreline Management Program should be consistent with comprehensive plan land use map designations and zoning. King County should initiate the shoreline redesignation process consistent with K.C.C. 25.32.130. (SQP- 32) 8-18 CP-906 Until expansion areas are annexed, zoning for the expansion areas shall be urban reserve at 5 acre densities with the exception of the existing commercial/industrial area in the SE North Bend Way expansion area, and the existing industrial area in the Snoqualmie expansion area. (SQP-57) Community plan policies SOP 58 to 61 referred to "expansion areas one and two," reflecting the Snoqualmie Community Plan's attempt to phase growth of the valley cities. These phasing approaches were embodied in the interlocal agreement the county signed with the City of Snoqualmie; they may be reflected in the cities' comprehensive plans. The King County Comprehensive Plan simplifies the designations into one expansion area for each city. CP-907 CP-908 CP-909 CP-910 CP-911 CP-912 King County will support development within the Snoqualmie Valley cities of Duvall, Carnation, Snoqualmie and North Bend and annexation and development of lands within their expansion areas, when each city demonstrates that its wastewater and storm water treatment systems for the existing and proposed city jurisdiction will not degrade the water quality of the Snoqualmie River and its tributaries. (SQP-58) King County will not support Snoqualmie Valley cities' annexations into expansion areas until each city has adopted mechanisms to reduce or eliminate flood hazards within its jurisdiction. (SQP-59) King County shall initiate an amendment to the King County Comprehensive Plan if the cumulative impact of development of the cities' expansion areas will reduce the quality of the Snoqualmie River and its tributaries below the current "A and AA" standards. (SQP-61) King County will not support any annexations by a Snoqualmie Valley city until it can be demonstrated that building permits have been approved at urban densities for development of at least one-half of the environmentally unconstrained land in all the annexations by the rural city since January 1990. Exceptions to this policy may be considered by King County subject to an interlocal agreement and where all other applicable policies herein are satisfied. (SQP-62) The county shall oppose an annexation by a Snoqualmie Valley city unless it lies within approved service areas as designated by comprehensive plans for water and sewer, is accompanied by all the proposed amendments to extend water and sewer comprehensive plan, or the area is already adequately served by such utilities. (SQP-63) King County shall work with the City of Carnation in a public process with citizen participation to enter into an interlocal agreement to allow joint planning for a planning and service area including land northeast of Carnation. The purpose of the interlocal is to insure that further development of these lands does not materially impact the character or vitality of the city or the viability of the surrounding resource lands. Elements of the interlocal agreement shall include: a. The agreement shall expressly recognize the City of Carnation's ability to extend by contract public water and the city shall be the preferred water purveyor within the service area, provided that densities remain at rural residential levels as identified in the King County Comprehensive Plan; 8·19 September 2004 CP-913 CP-915 CP-916 CP-917 CP-918 b. An arrangement for coordination on SEPA action required for development proposals within the planning area; c. Visibility of proposed new development from the City of Carnation shall be addressed and mitigated; d. Water quality issues shall be addressed and mitigated. (SQP-67) King County shall support annexation of the expansion area only when Carnation implements a long-term, nonstructural program to reduce flood damages on floodplains land within its jurisdiction. (SQP-68) Achieving a long-term solution to flood damages within the City of Snoqualmie is one of King County's highest priorities for this planning area. (SQP-70) King County reaffirms its support for the spirit and intent of the Snohomish Mediated Agreement, and the recommendations of the Snohomish River Basin Coordinating Council which led to the signing of the intergovernmental agreement for implementation. King County considers this work to be a sound basis for a long-term flood damage reduction program for the City of Snoqualmie. (SQP-72) King County intends to assist the City of Snoqualmie to develop a long- term solution and an implementation program which will solve flooding problems in the city. (SQP-73) If the long-term solution to flooding problems in the City of Snoqualmie is determined to have basin:wide impacts, these impacts shall be reviewed by the King County flood control management plan team or its equivalent to identify any additional mitigations which may be required. If the long- term solution to flooding problems is demonstrated to not have basin: wide impacts, it should be implemented as soon as possible and would not require a second, basin-wide, review of impacts and mitigations. (SQP-74) King County urges a public/private resource commitment to implement a long-term solution to flooding problems in the City of Snoqualmie. (SQP-75) Policies SOP 76 through 78 have been and continue to be implemented through an interlocal agreement. Most of the annexations referenced have taken place and are reflected in the expansion area boundaries for the City of Snoqualmie adopted in the King County Comprehensive Plan·s Land Use Map. CP-919 CP-920 September 2004 Until a long-term solution to preventing flood damages in the City of Snoqualmie is agreed to by King County and the City of Snoqualmie, King County will support annexations in expansion areas when consistent with all appropriate policies herein and when higher residential densities can be achieved, municipal services can be provided, and river water quality will not be degraded. (SQP-77) Annexations of lands within the Phase 1 and Phase 2 additions to the City of Snoqualmie's Urban Growth Area shall not occur until completion of detailed planning, preparation and review of project-level Environmental Impact Statement(s), and a determination of required mitigations and B-20 CP-921 CP-922 CP-923 CP-924 CP-925 CP-926 CP-927 amenities. The range of land uses to be allowed and the mitigations and amenities to be required shall be embodied in a binding Development Agreement between the City of Snoqualmie and the owners of proposed annexation lands. The project-level Environmental Impact Statement(s) for lands within the Phase 1 and Phase 2 additions to the City of Snoqualmie's Urban Growth Area shall address aquifer recharge issues, and potential impacts to the water quality and quantity of Lake Alice, private wells in the Lake Alice and Snoqualmie Hills neighborhoods, and all streams that flow off-site. Based on the findings of the Environmental Impact Statement(s), the Development Agreement between the City of Snoqualmie and the owners of proposed annexation lands in the Phase 1 and Phase 2 additions to the City of Snoqualmie's Urban Growth Area shall establish a program for long-term monitoring of the water quality and quantity of Lake Alice and the private wells in the Lake Alice and Snoqualmie Hills neighborhoods, and of all streams flowing off-site. The Development Agreement shall also outline the remedies necessary if the monitoring program leads to findings that development activities on the annexation lands are the cause for adverse impacts to the water quality and/or quantity of Lake Alice and the private wells in the Lake Alice and Snoqualmie Hills neighborhoods, and of streams flowing off- site. The owners of the annexation lands shall be responsible for the monitoring program and correction of any impacts determined to have been caused by their development activities. Remedies may include connection to the public water system, or construction of alternative wells. The project-level Environmental Impact Statement(s) for lands within the Phase 1 and Phase 2 additions to the City of Snoqualmie's Urban Growth Area shall address traffic safety issues, with a focus on safety concerns for rural homeowners dependent upon the southern stretch of the Snoqualmie Parkway for access to their homes. A range of alternatives to improve safety at the intersection of the Snoqualmie Parkway and SE 96th Street, including signalization, road widening and turn lanes shall be explored. Annexations of lands within the Phase 1 and Phase 2 additions to the City of Snoqualmie's Urban Growth Area shall be subject to updated Comprehensive Water and Sanitary Sewer Plans to determine the full range of improvements landowners within the annexation will be required to provide. A Drainage Master Plan shall be required for any new development of lands within the Phase 1 and Phase 2 additions to the City of Snoqualmie's Urban Growth Area. Stormwater facility design shall adhere to the standards in the most recent update of the King County Design Manual, or of the Snoqualmie Storm Drainage Plan, whichever is the most stringent. There shall be no road connections between the Phase 1 addition to the City of Snoqualmie's Urban Growth Area and 356th SE in the Snoqualmie 8·21 September 2004 CP-928 CP-929 CP-930 CP-931 CP-932 Hills Planning Area, unless future analysis determines a restricted emergency access is necessary for safety purposes. There shall no be no road connections between the Phase 2 addition to the City of Snoqualmie's Urban Growth Area and Lake Alice Road, unless future analysis determines a restricted emergency access for Lake Alice residents is necessary for safety purposes. To protect the rural character of the neighborhoods surrounding the Phase 1 and Phase 2 additions to the City of Snoqualmie's Urban Growth Area, the Phase 1 and Phase 2 areas shall include buffers to all rural lands along their perimeter. The size and structure of each buffer area shall be determined based on the characteristics of the land and existing vegetation, and its ability to perform the following functions: visual screening; noise reduction; and minimization of blow down. Buffers may include constructed berms and new plantings if deemed necessary and appropriate to perform the required functions. King County supports the continued industrial use of Weyerhaeuser's Snoqualmie Mill site and its annexation to the City of Snoqualmie. (SQP- 79) King County will support annexations of land in North Bend's expansion area when higher residential densities can be achieved, municipal services can be provided, and river water quality will not be degraded. (SQP-81) Commercial and light industrial land uses are appropriate along SE North Bend Way subject to special development conditions to mitigate impacts. (SQP-82) A map is included in Appendix A to Ordinance 12824 (p-suffix conversion ordinance) showing the application of p-suffix conditions to commercial and industrial properties on SE North Bend Way. CP-933 CP-934 CP-935 September 2004 Commercial and industrial zoned land (including potential-commercial or potential-industrial zoned land) within the City of North Bend's Urban Growth Area (UGA) are planned for nonretail, resource-based and highway-oriented uses. These uses shall be served by public sewers. If by December 31, 2006, the City of North Bend has not created any new wastewater treatment capacity, or has refused to allow connection for such uses, King County shall amend its policies and development regulations to allow wastewater treatment with on-site systems, provided there are no impacts to groundwater. The area between Tanner and the Edgewick Interchange, south of SE 140th and north of 1-90, is appropriate for nonretail commercial and light industrial land uses. Commercial and light industrial uses shall be limited to uses that do not impact ground water and are related to resource-based shipping, distributing and trucking-related industrial development. (SQP-84) Land uses adjacent to the Edgewick Interchange shall be limited to highway-oriented commercial uses that do not impact ground water, and serve the traveling public. (SQP-85) 8·22 CP-936 The area north of the Edgewick Interchange is appropriate for resource- based, shipping, distributing and trucking related industrial uses that do not impact ground water. (SQP-86) The Fall City policies in this section were revised through a subarea planning process involving members of the Fall City community in 1998 and 1999. Through this planning process, the Citizens Advisory Committee identified the following elements that local residents value about their town: • It is surrounded by agricultural and forest lands which are entirely rural; • It has a pattern of development that has evolved over more than a century, which includes historic buildings and landmarks, an open spacing of streets and buildings, and locally owned businesses in a small-scale downtown; • It is located in a unique geographic area formed by the confluence of two important salmon- bearing rivers, the Raging River and the Snoqualmie River, in an agricultural valley containing a number of other salmonid streams that are also important to the ecology of King County; • Compatible home occupations and small-scale animal husbandry in harmony with residential neighborhoods: • Rural-level street improvement (e.g., no traffic lights, no sidewalks outside the business district, and no street lights except as needed for public safety): • Scenic vistas, open space, and rural and resource uses surrounding Fall City; and • Small rural town identity. CP-937 CP-938 CP-939 CP-940 CP-941 Fall City is an unincorporated rural town which should have overall residential densities of one to four dwelling units per acre. Potential commercial zoning adopted in the 1999 Fall City Subarea Plan may be actualized through an area-wide rezone initiated by the King County Council once alternative wastewater treatment systems or public sewers are available. The zoning for Fall City adopted in the 1999 Fall City Subarea Plan reflects the community's strong commitment to its rural character, recognizes existing uses, provides for limited future commercial development, and respects natural features. Additionally, it recognizes the current and long- term foreseeable rural level of utilities and other public services for the area. The land use implications of a major change in the water supply or a public health requirement for community-wide wastewater collection and treatment may be evaluated in a new community-based planning process; however this does not mean that zoning will change to allow more intense development beyond that adopted in the 1999 Fall City Subarea Plan. The rural character of Fall City should be preserved. Within the residential area of Fall City, compatible home occupations and small-scale agricultural pursuits or similar rural land uses can continue. King County should work with the State of Washington and the Fall City community to make transportation improvements in Fall City that will favor safe and pleasant pedestrian and other non motorized links between downtown businesses, the residential areas, and nearby King County Parks, and safe walkways to schools, rather than rapid through traffic. King County should expand the soft surface pedestrian, equestrian and bicycle trail opportunities serving the Fall City area. Trail route options serving the community shall be reviewed to include a route along the left 8-23 September 2004 CP-942 CP-943 CP-944 CP-945 CP-946 bank levee easement directly adjacent to the Raging River, historically used by the public as a pedestrian, equestrian and bicycle trail. This historically used trail generally follows the "wildlife corridor" along the bank of the Raging River from 328th Way SE approximately NE to the Preston Fall City Road. The selected trail system for the Fall City area shall be identified in the King County Parks and Recreation trail system plan. Zoning for the existing industrial and office areas adopted in the 1999 Fall City Subarea Plan should be maintained but not expanded. Land uses at freeway interchanges without existing commercial or industrial development, and outside rural neighborhoods and rural cities, are designated rural residential to support development in rural neighborhoods and rural cities, and to preserve the scenic nature of the corridor. (SQP-98) New development at the Exit 22 Interchange shall not expand beyond the area designated in this plan and shall not adversely impact surrounding rural residential areas. All uses should be planned and sited to use long-term onsite waste disposal systems. (SQP-99) The existing two acres of land currently zoned for commercial use at Preston (Exit 22) is recognized, but no additional land for commercial uses is designated. (SQP-100) The presence of the Snoqualmie Tribe in the planning area has important historic and cultural significance for the Puget Sound region. The following places, recognized by the tribe as historically, culturally and archeologically important, should be considered for inclusion in the King County historic sites survey, and designation to local and/or national register of historic places. The tribe recognizes the following areas as culturally significant: a. Snoqualmie Falls; b. The banks of the Snoqualmie River between the falls and the three forks confluence area; c. Fall City Indian Cemetery; d. Banks at the confluence of Snoqualmie and Raging Rivers; e. Banks at the confluence of Snoqualmie and Toll Rivers; f. Fall City Park (site of John Sanawa's Council House and the first white school); g. Mt. Si; and h. Granite outcropping used as a quarry between North Bend and the City of Snoqualmie on SR-202. (SQP-122) CP-947 King County recognizes the spiritual, historic, cultural and recreational value of the Snoqualmie Falls. Any development adjacent to Snoqualmie Falls shall be designed and sited to protect these values. (SQP-123) CP-948 Because of the spiritual significance of the area at the base of the falls to the various tribes in the Puget Sound region, this area of the falls should remain free of development and open for public access. (SQP-124) September 2004 8-24 CP-949 CP-950 CP-951 CP-952 CP-953 CP-954 The community of Preston is a significant cultural and historic reminder of the planning area's roots in the logging industry. The existing land use designation shall be maintained, and new development should respect the existing character of the community. (SQP-125) The industrial area adjacent to the Rural Neighborhood of Preston shall be recognized with appropriate zoning for industrial uses. This area is designated for industrial uses to recognize existing industrial use and vested applications for new industrial development. The boundaries of this industrial area are permanent. No expansion of the designated industrial area will be permitted, and any effort to expand its boundaries is recognized as contrary to the Growth Management Act, including the 1997 amendments. Any industrial development or redevelopment in the designated industrial area (excluding reconstruction in the event of accidental damage or destruction, or tenant improvements entirely within the building structures) shall be conditioned and scaled to maintain and protect the rural character of the area as defined in RCW 36.70A.030(14) and to protect sensitive natural features. New industrial development or redevelopment (excluding structures and site improvements that existed or are vested by applications as of May 24, 1996, or tenant improvements entirely within building structures), on Jots not subject to restrictions and conditions consistent with those reflected in Recording No. 9708190805 must be dependent upon being in the Rural Area and must be compatible with the functional and visual character of rural uses in the immediate vicinity and must not encourage or facilitate conversion or redesignation of nearby Rural and Rural Neighborhood lands to commercial, industrial or urban uses. The boundaries of this industrial area shall be those properties within the Preston Industrial Water System, as set by King County Ordinance 5948, with the exception of parcel #2924079054. King County supports efforts of the community of Preston to achieve recognition of its historical and cultural significance. Its historic character should be maintained through designation as an historic area. (SQP-126) The King County Historic Sites Survey should be updated to include additional sites identified by the Preston Heritage Committee. (SOP-127) The development of a regional railroad museum in the Snoqualmie area is encouraged to promote understanding of the regional significance of railroads in the settlement and development pattern of Washington State. (SOP-128) King County shall put high priority on the acquisition and development of a regional trail system linking the Snoqualmie Valley planning area to other parts of the county. (SQP-143) 8·25 September 2004 CP-955 King County supports designation of the Middle Fork of the Snoqualmie River under either the national or state Wild and Scenic River program. (SQP- 151) CP-956 King County supports evaluation of the North Fork of the Snoqualmie River and the main stem of the Toll River under either the national or state Wild and Scenic River program. (SQP-152) CP-957 King County shall assist the City of North Bend, when requested, to develop a long-term solution and an implementation program which will solve flooding problems in the city. September 2004 8-26 X. Soos Creek Soos Creek is one of King County's largest and fastest growing planning areas. The first Soos Creek Plateau Communities Plan (SCCP) commenced during the fall of 1975, and was adopted in November 1979. The process was controversial, partly because Soos Creek served as a laboratory for several emerging planning concepts, including a Rural land use designation implemented with zoning limiting residential density to one home per five acres. The Soos Creek Community Plan Update commenced in March 1988 and was adopted in December 1991. In 1995 the City of Kent initiated annexation of a very large area between it and Lake Meridian, intended to encompass most of its Potential Annexation Area (PAA) within the planning area. The cities of Maple Valley and Covington have commenced operating and assumed jurisdiction within their territories. CP-1001 CP-1002 CP-1003 CP-1004 The continued viability and health of the Soos Creek planning area's stream systems and the fisheries resources dependent upon them should be assured through zoning, special zoning conditions and development regulations. The intent of this policy is to control densities along stream corridors identified by the Soos Creek Basin Plan. This policy will be implemented through the Area Zoning by placing rural and urban densities within 1/4-mile of significant stream systems identified as Types 1, 2, and 3 waters according to the Sensitive Areas Ordinance. (NR-1) Lot coverage limitations for building shall be applied in all stream corridors in urban designated areas of the Soos Creek basin and classified R-1, urban stream protection special district overlay. Total impervious surface should not exceed 8%, and total clearing of forested vegetation should not exceed 30%. Reforestation to achieve sites that are 70% forested should be required. (NR-1A) New development should rehabilitate degraded wetlands and stream channels and banks in the Soos Creek planning area's drainage's to prevent further erosion and water quality problems. These areas include, but are not limited to, May Creek, Garrison Creek, Molasses Creek and Olsen Creek. Where conditions permit, the banks and channels should be restored to a natural state. Where it has been determined that additional standards may be appropriate to control volume, these should be required for new development. (NR-3) Within the Soos Creek basin, bare ground associated with clearing, grading, utility installation, building construction, and other development activity should be covered or revegetated between October 1 and March 31 each year. Earth-moving and land-clearing activity should not occur during this period within the Soos Creek basin except for regular maintenance of public facilities and public agency response to emergencies that threaten the public health, safety and welfare. Landscaping of single-family residences, existing permitted commercial forestry and mining activities and development sites with approved and constructed drainage facilities that infiltrate 100 percent of surface runoff should be exempt from these restrictions. (NR-8) 8·27 September 2004 CP-1005 For new subdivisions in the Soos Creek basin Rural Area, a minimum of 20% of the property should be retained as a separate tract of undisturbed indigenous vegetation. (NR-9) CP-1006 All development within 660 feet of the top of the Cedar River Valley and the Green River Valley walls, particularly along the bluffs south and west of the Lea Hill plateau and within the Lake Heights area, should be conditioned to avoid adverse impacts on the environment and risks to life and property. (NR-14) CP-1007 The Soos Creek Community Plan recognizes the importance of existing mobile home parks in providing affordable housing options. Mobile home parks in the urban areas of Soos Creek are designated for mobile home park uses, and should be zoned appropriately. King County should continue to examine the feasibility of funding and developing a replacement mobile home park in south King County for displaced mobile homes on county-owned or privately-owned sites. King County should develop intergovernmental agreements with the cities of Renton, Kent and Auburn for joint development of replacement parks to accommodate mobile home owners if they are displaced from mobile home parks within cities. (R-23) CP-1008 Significant vegetation is a diminishing resource in the Soos Creek community. Significant vegetation contributes significantly to environmental quality, neighborhood character, and the quality of life in Soos Creek. All new residential development shall retain significant existing vegetation. Native vegetation should be utilized wherever possible. (R-33) CP-1009 Multifamily zoned land should not be converted to institutional and commercial/office uses within the Soos Creek Planning Area. (C-5) CP-1010 Equestrian crossings of arterials should be permitted only where they do not greatly disrupt traffic. Where possible, these crossings should be combined with pedestrian and bicycle crossings. There should be no at grade equestrian crossings of SR-516, except at Lake Meridian. (T-29) CP-1011 Crest Airpark is an important local facility and should continue operation at current levels of use. (F-15) CP-1012 Because of noise and public safety concerns, low-density, single-family development should be the primary land use allowed within Crest Airpark's north flight path within 1/2:mile of the airport runway. (F-16) CP-1013 All new subdivisions within 1/4-mile of Crest Airpark should include a covenant. The covenant should state that the property owner and/or resident recognize the existence of Crest Airpark, its value to the community, and the noise and public safety aspects of living in proximity to the airpark. (F-17) CP-1014 The operation of SIR is expected to continue indefinitely. The area authorized for racetrack use shall be confined to maximize protection of Little Soos Creek and its riparian area. Any future consideration of permits for its operation should be consistent with the spirit and intent of the 1991 rules and conditions which regulate operation of the facility. (F-18) September 2004 8-28 CP-1015 CP-1016 CP-1017 King County should give high priority to expanding the Big Soos Creek trail by linking the City of Covington to the south and Fairwood Center to the north to the existing trail system. (P-15) King County should give high priority to linking the Green River and Cedar River corridors. (P-16) King County should coordinate with the City of Seattle, WSDOT, and other jurisdictions to link major elements of the open space system including the Cedar River, Lake Desire, Big Soos Creek, SR-18 and the Green River trail systems. ( P-18a) 8-29 September 2004 11. Tahoma/Baven Heights The Tahoma/Raven Heights planning area is the second largest (149 square miles) and was the second-fastest growing community planning area during 1990-1994. The Tahoma/Raven Heights Communities Plan (T/RH) commenced in August 1979 and was adopted in October 1984. T/RH continued to apply the Growth Reserve and Rural designations and zoning that emerged during the Soos Creek planning process. The planning area is mostly unincorporated Rural or Forest Production District. In the years prior to the Growth Management Act (GMA) the City of Black Diamond completed one large annexation. A final Urban Growth Area for Black Diamond has been determined and may be adopted as part of future amendments to the 1994 King County Comprehensive Plan. The planning area has also been affected by the incorporation of the new City of Maple Valley. The city has commenced operation and assumed jurisdiction. It includes most of the Urban Growth Area in the planning area. In response to data and recommendations emerging while the Soos Creek Basin Plan was being prepared, interim 5-acre zoning was applied to portions of the Jenkins and Covington Creek watersheds in July 1989. AT/RH Update covering about one-fifth of the planning area was initiated in March 1991, and adopted in December 1991. The area zoning was changed in some cases, but this action was based on the 1985 King County Comprehensive Plan and applicable basin plan policies, and did not result in any changes to the 1984 T/RH policies. CP-1101 Resource activities should be encouraged in areas where such activities are not inconsistent with a rural atmosphere. In order to ensure continued development of natural resources prior to the development of the land for other purposes, extractive industries should be allowed to locate in areas known to have deposits of minerals. Premature urban/ suburban development should not be approved which forecloses the opportunity to use the resources. (T/RH-28) CP-1102 The demand from surrounding land uses and densities should not exceed the capacity of the area's groundwater resources nor otherwise cause deterioration of its quality. (T/RH-45) CP-1103 Existing businesses which qualify as legal uses located at Highway 169 and Cedar Grove Road should be given the same land use map designation as surrounding rural or resource properties, but recognized as Rural Businesses with neighborhood-scale business zoning. Any such development should not be expanded beyond the limits of the existing zoning of the specific parcel on which it is currently located, and if the use is abandoned the zoning should be redesignated to a rural zone consistent with that applied to surrounding properties. C-1104 King County supports annexation of the lands within the City of Black Diamond's Urban Growth Area subject to the requirements of the Black Diamond Urban Growth Area Agreement as adopted by Ordinance 12534. If the agreement is terminated, the affected lands under King County jurisdiction shall be treated as follows: a. Land within the designated Urban Growth Area shall be redesignated to Rural and reclassified to the rural zoning in place prior to the effective date September 2004 8-30 CP-1105 CP-1106 of Ordinance 12534. This zoning shall continue for a period of at least five years from the date of reclassification. b. The areas identified in the agreement as county open space shall be maintained at the rural zoning in place prior to the effective date of Ordinance 12534. This zoning shall continue for a period of at least five years after the date of termination of the agreement. King County supports expansion of the network of regional trails and conservation of natural resource lands and environmentally sensitive areas through community efforts such as the Rock Creek Valley Conservation Plan and the Friends of Rock Creek. King County supports efforts to protect and enhance open space and ensure long-term habitat health and passive recreation opportunities in the Middle Green River through community efforts such as the Middle Green River Coalition. 8-31 September 2004 XII. Vashon The Vashon Community Plan commenced in the spring of 1977 and was adopted in June 1981. Due to concerns about Vashon-Maury Island's water supply, which consists of local rain-fed aquifers, a revision to the plan was set for 1986 after completion of the Vashon/Maury Island Water Resources Study. The revision process began in April 1984, and the updated Vashon Community Plan was adopted in October 1986. In addition to responding to the Water Resources Study, the plan update also implemented the 1985 King County Comprehensive Plan's designation of the entire planning area as Rural. In 1996 the Vashon Town Plan repealed or modified several of the 1986 plan's policies, and adopted new policies and area zoning to guide development in the unincorporated Rural Town of Vashon. The Vashon Town Plan was adopted as a subarea plan and therefore is part of the King County Comprehensive Plan, as provided by the Growth Management Act (GMA). The policies below are the issue-or area-specific policies retained from the 1986 plan. CP-1201 CP-1202 CP-1203 CP-1204 CP-1205 CP-1206 CP-1207 September 2004 All of Vashon-Maury Island is recognized for its unique ecological functions as a Puget Sound island, and is designated in this plan as a rural area. Development activities should protect the entire ecological system, including the Puget Sound shoreline, island habitat areas, and ground and surface water resources. (V-1) All land use policies and regulations for Vashon shall reflect the overriding importance of the fact that the whole Island is the recharge area for a single- source aquifer. All of Vashon Island shall therefore be considered a groundwater recharge area. Within the Island, based largely on soil types, there are areas of relatively high, medium, and low susceptibility to groundwater contamination. Areas deemed highly susceptible to contamination in the KCCP should receive extra protection. (V-3) Home occupations should continue to be allowed in residential areas on Vashon Island. (V-27) Development should be minimized and carefully managed in sensitive areas. The most fragile, hazardous or valuable areas, including areas highly susceptible to contamination, landslide hazard areas and wetlands, should remain largely undeveloped through application of a low density designation. (V-31) Protect and preserve the Island's wildlife habitats. (V-33) Where fish or wildlife habitat occur within a proposed short plat or subdivision, the proposal should be reviewed to ensure that the ingredients necessary for the habitat's preservation are not destroyed. Special conditions should be attached to protect the habitat, if necessary. (V-34) Fish and wildlife habitats identified on Vashon Island and considered to be especially unique and valuable or of potential countywide significance should receive special attention. Where these occur within a proposed plat or subdivision, Department of Development and Environmental Services (DDES), or its successor, may require the developer to submit a special 8-32 report to assess more closely the impacts of the proposal on the habitat and to recommend specific measures to protect them. (V-35) Most fisheries in King County are regulated by agencies other than the county. Policies throughout this plan address fish habitat and the response to ESA listings. A harvestable fisheries habitat not otherwise addressed is the intertidal shellfish habitat on Vashon Island. The King County Department of Natural Resources and Parks owns some of this habitat. While the State of Washington governs the harvest of some species in this habitat, the county should take affirmative action to assure long-term productivity and to protect public health. The 1997 report of the Beach Assessment Program documents the degradation of this resource from over- harvesting. increased beach use and other causes. CP-1208 CP-1209 CP-1210 CP-1211 CP-1212 CP-1213 CP-1214 CP-1215 CP-1216 Intertidal shellfish habitat on Vashon Island shall be protected for its key role in the marine food chain, to protect public health, and to assure long-term productivity. King County shall explore effective means to protect this fisheries resource. Island water resources should continue to be the sole water-supply source in the future. The plan discourages importing water for domestic uses from off the Island. (V-52) Land uses and development densities should be planned so that demands on the Island's groundwater resources do not exceed its capacity to provide adequate supplies without deterioration of quality. In order to achieve this, ongoing research and monitoring as recommended in the Vashon Maury Island Water Resources Study should be conducted. (V-53) Protection of the groundwater aquifer is of primary importance to Vashon Island. Further water quality degradation which would interfere with or become injurious to existing or planned uses should not be allowed. (V-54) To protect domestic water resource, areas deemed highly susceptible to groundwater contamination and watersheds should be maintained in residential or similarly nonintensive uses at low densities. (V-57) As an additional requirement for the comprehensive plans of public water systems on Vashon Island, the county shall ask that information be included assessing the ability of existing and potential water sources to meet anticipated population growth. Planned expansion of the water system should be prohibited if the analysis reveals a risk to the adequacy of service including quality of water being provided to current users. (V-59) Special consideration should be given to the impacts of new development on the Island's groundwater resources. This should apply to major developments, development in areas highly susceptible to contamination, or development near public water supplies. (V-61) Park-and-Ride lot development both on the Island and at or near the ferry terminals which serve Vashon Island (Fauntleroy, Southworth, Pt. Defiance) should be encouraged. (V-67) Provide a safe and efficient system of commuter and recreational routes for bicyclists, pedestrians, and equestrians. (V-69) 8-33 September 2004 CP-1217 CP-1218 CP-1219 CP-1220 CP-1221 CP-1222 CP-1223 CP-1224 CP-1225 CP-1226 CP-1227 Street and highway improvements should be low-cost safety and maintenance projects wherever possible. (V-71) Additional water-related parks and beaches should be acquired along the saltwater shorelines of Vashon-Maury Islands. These parks should be retained as passive, natural areas. (V-83) Additional park sites should be acquired in the island's most environmentally sensitive natural areas. These sites should be retained as passive, open space areas allowing only those uses that would be compatible with sensitive areas. (V-84) A public trail system should be identified and encouraged for preservation on Vashon Island. (V-85) Trails on Vashon Island should serve bicyclists, equestrian and pedestrian uses. (V-85a) Trail systems at parks and on other public land should be encouraged on Vashon Island. Trails on public lands should be officially recognized and preserved. (V-85b) If and when county-and state-owned land on Vashon is logged, trails should be preserved for equestrian and pedestrian use. If possible, an unlogged buffer zone should be left when logging occurs. (V-85c) Voluntary dedication of trails should be encouraged when land is developed for more intensive uses. (V-85d) Trails should provide multiple uses where possible, serving both recreational and commuter needs. (V-85e) Trail corridors on Vashon Island should be established and designed based upon the following criteria: a. Connect park and open space areas; b. Provide access to shoreline areas, particularly public parks; c. Incorporate views and other special features of scenic, historic, or archaeological interest; d. Traverse development limitation areas where not incompatible with hazard or fragile natural areas; e. Follow streambanks and ravines; f. Follow undeveloped rights-of-way or along side existing roads; and g. Provide access to and connect schools. (V-85f) The quantity and quality of Vashon-Maury Islands' groundwater supply should be monitored, along with building permit and subdivision data, to determine if planned densities can be achieved. If new information indicates the groundwater supply is endangered, the County shall take immediate steps to ensure new development does not impair the groundwater supply. Vashon-Maury Island is unique within King County in that it is an island community dependent upon a designated sole-source aquifer for its water supply. Given that the only source of drinking water is ground water, a higher level of protection of groundwater recharge is warranted on Vashon-Maury Island than in the rest of King County. Land clearing and building activities can September 2004 8·34 reduce groundwater recharge. Low-impact development (LID) is a new approach to land development that involves protecting and enhancing native vegetation and soils, reducing impervious suriace and managing storm water at the source. These techniques are well suited to development in rural-residential zoned areas and can be an effective way to protect groundwater quality and recharge. CP-1228 King County should work with residential builders and developers on Vashon-Maury Island to encourage the use of low impact development practices that protect and enhance native vegetation and soils and reduce impervious surface. King County should promote preservation of at least 65% forest cover on rural-residential zoned parcels. The 65% forest cover goal may be adjusted for parcels less than 2 Y, acres in size. Dispersion of runoff from impervious surfaces into native vegetation in accordance with the Surface Water Design Manual shall be the preferred method of stormwater management in the rural area. 8-35 September 2004 111 11. west Hill/White Center The West Hill and White Center Community Plans, applying to portions of the original Highline Community Plan, were the last adopted by King County (West Hill in 1993, White Center in 1994), and as such were prepared in conformance with the Growth Management Act (GMA), and are already incorporated as part of the 1994 King County Comprehensive Plan. They will be reviewed and possibly revised as part of a future revision to this plan. September 2004 8-36 Chapter Nine Implementation Chapter Nine Implementation The comprehensive plan guides land use over the long term by applying specific land use designations throughout the unincorporated portion of the King County and by providing guidelines for implementing regulations used to evaluate specific development proposals. To ensure that these implementing regulations are effective and warrant a high degree of public trust and confidence, the regulations must be equitable, reasonable and responsibly administered. 1-101 King County's regulation of land use should: a. Protect public health, safety and general welfare, and property rights; b. Protect consumers from fraudulent practices in land use, land sales and development; c. Implement and be consistent with the comprehensive plan and other adopted land use goals, policies and plans; d. Be expeditious, predictable, clear, straightforward and internally consistent; e. Provide clear direction for resolution of regulatory conflict; f. Be enforceable, efficiently administered and provide appropriate incentives and penalties; g. Be consistently and effectively enforced; h. Create public and private benefits worth their cost; i. Be coordinated with timely provision of necessary public facilities and services; j. Encourage creativity and diversity in meeting county goals and policies; k. Be coordinated with cities, special purpose districts and other public agencies to promote compatible development standards throughout King County; I. Be responsive, understandable and accessible to the public; m. Provide effective public notice and reasonable opportunities for the public (especially those directly affected) to be heard and to influence decisions; n. Avoid intruding on activities involving constitutionally protected freedoms of speech, petition, expression, assembly, association and economic competition, except when essential to protect public health, safety and welfare (and then the restriction should be no broader than necessary); o. Treat all members of the public equally irregardless of race, culture or class and base regulatory decisions wholly on the applicable criteria and code requirements; p. Make development requirements readily accessible to the public through up-to-date codes, technical assistance materials and other relevant documents; and q. Provide for relief from existing regulations when they would deprive a property of uses allowed to similar properties with the same zoning or environmental or other constraints, and when such relief would neither endanger public health and safety nor conflict with adopted use policies. This policy is not intended for relief from rules governing the subdividing of land. 9-1 September 2004 I. land Use Designations and Zoning ClasSilicationsJCode The application of zoning classifications on specific properties is the first step towards implementing the land use designations of the comprehensive pjan. Boundaries between different zone classifications may follow property lines, natural features or other dividing lines such as roads. A land use designation is implemented by one or more specific zone classification, as indicated on the table below: Comorehensive Plan Land Uses Zonina* Unincorporated Activity Center R-12, R-18, R-24, R-48, RB (not allowed in White Center\, NB, CB, 0, I Communitv Business Center NB, CB, 0, R-12, R-18, R-24, R-48 Neiahborhood Business Center NB, 0, R-12, R-18, R-24, R-48 Commercial Outside of Centers NB, CB, RB, 0, I -this is the range of existing zoning in nlace when the comorehensive olan was adooted Urban Planned Development R-1, R-4, R-6, R-8, R-12, R-18, R-24, R-48, NB, CB, RB, 0, I Urban Residential, Hiah R-18, R-24, R-48 Urban Residential, Medium R-4, R-6, R-8, R-12 Urban Residential, Low R-1 Rural City Urban Growth Area UR I, RB -These two zones were in place in the North Bend UGA when the comprehensive plan was adopted in 1994. Rural Town R-1, R-4, R-6, R-8, R-12, R-18, R-24, R-48. NB, CB, RB, 0, I Rural Neiahborhood NB Rural Residential RA-2.5, RA-5, RA-10, RA-20 Industrial I Forestrv F,M Aariculture A Minina M GreenbelVUrban Seoarator R-1 Kina Countv Owned Ooen Scace/Recreation All zones Other Parks/Wilderness All zones • This is the range of zoning that may be allowed within each comprehensive plan land use designations based on comprehensive plan and subarea p!an policies. Actual zoning on a specific property is determined through the area-wide zoning process or through a quasi-judicial rezone application. Zoning Designations A Agricultural (10 or 35 acre minimum lot area) F Forest (80 acre minimum lot area) M Mineral RA Rural Area (2.5-acre, 5-acre, 10-acre or 20-acre minimum density) UR Urban Reserve R Urban Residential (base density in dwelling units per acre) NB Neighborhood Business CB Community Business RB Regional Business 0 Office I Industrial September 2004 9-2 The Zoning Code (Title 21 A) establishes precise rules for each zoning classification such as permitted residential densities and activities or allowed commercial and industrial development activities, and striving for separation between incompatible uses. This code includes standards relative to bulk (i.e. lot size and coverage, building heights and setbacks, landscape standards). 1-102 The King County Zoning Code's zone classifications and development standards and the official zoning maps shall be consistent with the comprehensive plan and functional plans. 9-3 September 2004 II. lltller lmnle:menting ling Coun11 Code.s In addition to the Zoning Code, King County regulates land development and construction based on the comprehensive pjan through a variety of technical code standards resulting in permits and approvals for specific projects. In terms of land use regulation, the most important of these other implementing codes are Land Segregation (K.C.C. Title 19A) and Shoreline Management (K.C.C. Title 25). The Land Segregation code regulates division of a parcel of land into smaller lots for transfer of ownership. The Shoreline Management code regulates the issuance of substantial development permits for lands abutting waters governed by the Washington State Shoreline Management Act. Other development approvals include commercial or industrial construction permits. Review of land segregation, substantial development permits and other development proposals are key parts of the development process for making sure facilities and services to support potential development are adequate and for evaluating environmental impacts. 1-103 When needed infrastructure and facilities are not available in a timely manner, development approvals shall either be denied or divided into phases, or the project proponents should provide the needed facilities and infrastructure to address impacts directly attributable to their project, or as may be provided by the proponent on a voluntary basis. 1-104 King County's permitting systems should provide for expeditious review of projects consistent with zoning and adopted policies. 1-105 Subdivision, short subdivision and other development approvals, including those requiring detailed environmental review under the State Environmental Policy Act (SEPA) shall be reviewed for consistency with the comprehensive Qian, zoning, community, subarea and neighborhood plans, functional plans and capital improvement programs. 1-106 King County shall enforce its land use and environmental regulations by pursuing code enforcement complaints, and providing oversight during the process of site development on all sites for which it issues permits. 1-107 King County shall develop, as a part of the buildable lands analysis, a zoning yield and housing production monitoring program to determine whether housing capacity is being lost in the context of compliance with the Endangered Species Act, and shall propose revisions to the countywide planning policies to implement such a program. September 2004 9-4 111. Incentives To ensure that the vision, goals, objectives, and policies of this plan become a reality, it will require adjusting policy and budget priorities by King County government. It will also require individuals to reconsider their daily decisions and choices relating to the management or development of their lands, as well as the decisions and choices of large scale public/private partnerships during the development of major projects will be critical factors contributing to the effective implementation of this plan. Incentives, like the TDC Program, must encourage the types of growth and development patterns desired by King County and its residents. 1-201 King County should develop incentives for the Urban Growth Area which encourage the development industry to provide a broad range of housing and business space. Incentives could include: a. Identification of geographic areas with infill opportunities, granting them budget priority status and subjecting new development in these areas to more flexible standards; b. Density bonuses for site designs which provide public benefits (for example, grid roads that connect with other developments and limit impacts on arterials); c. Incentives which lower financial development risk; d. Joint development opportunities at county-owned or operated facilities, utilization of air rights on county-owned or operated facilities, and the establishment of transit-supportive design guidelines; and e. County capital improvement funding for public urban amenities including transportation, parks, open space, cultural and other facilities for cities participating in the King County Transfer of Development Rights Program. 9-5 September 2004 2004 Comprehensive Plan Glossarv Glossarv Active Recreation Site Active recreation sites recognize a higher level of public use, and will require developed areas for organized or intense recreation. Active recreation site includes both the active recreation uses and all necessary support services and facilities. Adaptive management Adaptive management is a systematic approach for continually improving management policies and practices by learning from the outcomes of operational programs. Agricultural Production Districts (APD) The Growth Management Act requires cities and counties to designate, where appropriate, agricultural lands that are not characterized by urban growth and that have long-term significance for the commercial production of food or other agricultural products. The comprehensive plan designates Agricultural Production Districts where the principal land use should be agriculture. Lands within Agricultural Production Districts should remain in parcels large enough for commercial agriculture. (See Chapter Three, Rural Legacy and Natural Resource Lands.) Annexation This is the process of adding or incorporating an area into a city's jurisdiction. Arterial Functional Classification Arterial functional classification is the designation of King County arterials into groups or classes according to the type of service they are intended to provide. A basic tenet to this process is that individual roads do not serve travel in any substantial way, but most travel involves movement through a network of roads. Functional classification helps to define the part that any individual road will play in serving the flow of traffic through the road system. Beneficial Uses "Beneficial uses" include uses of water resources that provide a benefit to the public, including, but not limited to, fish and wildlife habitat, fishing, swimming, transportation, recreation, water supply, flood control, water quality control, and aesthetic enjoyment. Best Management Practices (BMPs) These are defined by the Washington State Department of Ecology as physical, structural, and/or managerial practices that, when use.d singly, or in combination, prevent or reduce pollution of water. The types of BMPs are source control, runoff treatment, and stream bank erosion control. Capital Improvement Program (CIP) The 1994-1999 Adopted Capital Improvement Program budget allocates funds from various revenue sources to improve cultural and recreational opportunities for King County citizens, build needed roadways, protect our investment in existing buildings, protect the health of our citizens, enhance the management of natural resources, and provide necessary capital resources for our law, safety, and justice system. Clustering Clustering means developing a subdivision that reduces the individual lot areas to create permanent open space or a reserve for future development while it maintains the zoned residential density. G-1 September 2004 Community Business Centers These are primarily retail developments designed to serve a nearby market area of 15,000 to 40,000 people. (See Chapter Two, Urban Communities.) Comprehensive Plan The Growth Management Act requires certain cities and counties of the state to adopt comprehensive land use plans. A comprehensive plan is a generalized, coordinated land use policy statement of the governing body of a county or city that is adopted pursuant to the Growth Management Act. A comprehensive plan consists of a map or maps, and descriptive text covering objectives, principles, and standards used to develop the comprehensive plan. Each comprehensive plan includes a plan, scheme or design for land use, housing, capital facilities, utilities, rural areas, and transportation. Optional components include elements relating to conservation, solar energy, recreation, and subarea plans. Concurrency Management System The Growth Management Act requires jurisdictions to adopt and enforce ordinances' which prohibit development approval if the development causes the level of service on a transportation facility to decline below the standards adopted in the comprehensive plan, unless transportation improvements or strategies to accommodate the impacts of development are made "concurrent" with the development. Concurrent with development means that transportation improvements or strategies are in place at the time of development or that financial commitment is made to complete the improvements or strategies within six years. The Concurrency Management System of King County establishes a process to manage new development based on transportation impacts on levels-of-service and the concurrency of needed improvements or actions. (See Chapter Six, Transportation). Coordinated Water System Plans Four Critical Water Supply Service Areas have been designated in King County in accordance with the Public Water System Coordinated Act of 1977 (chapter 70.116 RCW): East King County, Skyway, South King County, and Vashon Island. The Coordinated Water System Plan for each area provides an assessment of water supply and a program to meet future demand. Planning areas, within which a water purveyor is obligated to provide service consistent with county land use plans and regulations, were assigned for major purveyors. Countywide Planning Policies (CPP) The Growth Management Act requires that counties, as regional governments within their boundaries, prepare countywide planning policies which establish a countywide framework from which county and city comprehensive plans are to be developed and adopted. This framework is to ensure that city and county comprehensive plans are consistent. The "King County Countywide Planning Policies" were developed and recommended by the Growth Management Planning Council and are to serve as a blueprint for how King County and its cities should grow over the next 20 years. The Metropolitan King County Council adopted these policies in 1992. Since this time, amendments called "Phase 11 Countywide Planning Policies" have been made to the sections pertaining to affordable housing, economic development and rural character. The County Council has adopted these Phase II amendments. (See Chapter One, Regional Planning.) Critical Areas The Growth Management Act requires cities and counties to designate, where appropriate, critical areas which include: 1) wetlands, 2) areas with a critical recharging effect on aquifers used for potable water, 3) fish and wildlife habitat conservation areas, 4) frequently flooded areas, and 5) geologically hazardous areas. (See Chapter Four, Environment for King County's designation of critical areas.) September 2004 G-2 Critical Habitat Specific areas which possess physical or biological features which are essential to the conservation of a listed species. Cultural Resources Cultural resources include performing and visual arts events, programs and facilities; public art; heritage events, programs and facilities; and historic properties. Deficiency Deficiency in a comprehensive plan or development regulation refers to the absence of required or potentially desirable contents of a comprehensive plan or development regulation. Density The quantity of structures or buildings per unit area. Typically expressed as housing units per acre or square mile. Density Incentives/Bonuses Density incentives, or density bonuses, are programs allowing for additional dwelling units above the number permitted on a site by zoning (sometimes referred to as "base density") in exchange for public benefits provided by the developer. King County has incorporated use of density incentives with standard urban subdivision, mobile home park, and multifamily development projects. (King County Code, Title 21 A) Development An area that is developed as a tract of land with built structures. Docket A list of suggested changes to a comprehensive plan or development regulations maintained by the department. Docket Process, The The docket process specifies that dockets are not just to note deficiencies, but also to suggest changes and make written comments. These suggested changes are reviewed by the county and made available for review by the public. Information provided to the public will include the county's response. An Internet docket process is available and can be found at: http://www.metrokc.gov/ddes/compplan/. Docketing Docketing means compiling and maintaining a list of suggested changes to the comprehensive plan or development regulations in a manner that will ensure such suggested changes will be considered by the county and will be available for review by the public. Drainage Basin A drainage basin, like a watershed, is an area that drains to a common outlet or an identifiable water body such as a river, stream, lake or wetland. In King County, 72 drainage basins are contained within six major watersheds. These drainage basins in turn contain numerous individual water bodies with small drainages. Ecological Function An ecological function refers to physical, chemical, and biological processes or attributes at some level of biological organization. For example, the ecological functions of wetlands includes food chain support, water quality maintenance, flood storage, and wildlife habitat. G-3 September 2004 Emissions Trading Emissions trading means the transfer in ownership of emission reductions. Emission trading occurs when a source of air pollution reduces its emissions and then transfers ownership of the emission reduction to another party. Markets for emission reductions can be created by regulation (the market for sulfur dioxide allowances for example) or voluntarily (the current market for greenhouse gases). Endangered Species Endangered Species means any species which is in danger of extinction throughout all or a significant portion of its range and which has been designated as such in regulations issued by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service or the Washington State Department of Fish and Wildlife. Endangered Species Act (ESA) An act adopted by U.S. Congress in 1973 whose purpose is to provide a means whereby ecosystems upon which endangered and threatened species depend may be conserved and to provide a program for the conservation for such endangered and threatened species. Enhance Enhance means to increase one or more of the functions or values that an ecosystem or environmental feature possesses. An improvement in a functional attribute or value. (See Chapter Four, Environment). Environmentally Sensitive Areas Coal mine, erosion, flood, landslide, seismic, steep slope and volcanic hazard areas, and streams, wetlands and protection buffers constitute environmentally sensitive areas. Existing transportation needs Existing transportation needs are associated with households and businesses which are in existence at the time of plan adoption. Fair Housing Ordinance King County's Fair Housing Ordinance prohibits housing discrimination against persons on the basis of race, color, religion, national origin, age, sex, marital status, parental status, use of Section 8 subsidy, sexual orientation, disability or the use of a trained guide dog. Family-Wage Jobs Family-wage jobs which are capable of supporting a family. For the purposes of this plan, the term means jobs which pay more than the average annual wage for King County in a given year. Fish and Wildlife Habitat Conservation Areas Designation of Fish and Wildlife Habitat Conservation Areas is required by the Growth Management Act. This Comprehensive Plan designates the following as such areas: 1) areas with which endangered, threatened, and sensitive species have a primary association; 2) habitats and species of local importance; 3) commercial and recreational shellfish areas; 4) kelp and eel grass beds; 5) herring and smelt spawning areas; 6) naturally occurring ponds under 20 acres and their submerged aquatic beds that provide fish or wildlife habitat; 7) waters of the state; 8) lakes, ponds, streams, and rivers planted with game fish by a governmental or tribal entity; and 9) state natural area preserves and natural resource conservation areas. Flood Hazard Reduction Plan The King County Flood Hazard Reduction Plan contains policies and program and project recommendations that guide floodplains use and development throughout King County. September 2004 G-4 Floodplain The areas of land adjacent to lakes, rivers, and streams that are subject to periodic flooding. Floodplains are designated based on the predicted frequency of flooding for a particular area. For example, a 1 OD-year floodplain is a land area that has a one percent probability of experiencing flooding in any given year. Forest Production Districts (FPO} The Growth Management Act requires cities and counties to designate, where appropriate, forest lands that are not characterized by urban growth and that have long-term significance for the commercial production of timber. The Comprehensive Plan designates Forest Product"1on Districts where the primary use should be commercial forestry. Lands within the Forest Production District shall remain in large parcels and in ownership conducive to forestry. (See Chapter Three, Rural Legacy and Natural Resource Lands). Fully Contained Community (FCC} A site-specific development project consisting of conceptual site plan(s), development standards, processing and other elements. It is also consistent with the criteria provided in RCW 36. ?OA.350 which states that FCCs should be located outside of the initially designated Urban Growth Area. Functional Classification See "Arterial Functional Classification" Functional Planning Functional plans are detailed plans for facilities and services and action plans and programs for other governmental activities. Some functional plans are operational or programmatic, which means they guide daily management decisions. Others include specific details of facility design and location and must be consistent with the Comprehensive Plan and development regulations. Functional plans are prepared by King County, independent special purpose districts or other public and private agencies. (See Chapter Nine, Implementation) Global Warming Global warming is an increase in worldwide atmospheric temperature. Groundwater Management Plans King County has five Groundwater Management Areas (GWMA) for which citizens and technical experts are addressing groundwater issues. For each GWMA, a Groundwater Management Plan (GWMP) has been developed per chapter 173-100 WAC (chapter 90.44 RCW). Each GWMP describes the area's groundwater resource, contains a detailed exploration of groundwater protection issues, and proposes solutions to perceived threats. These Plans identify Sensitive Aquifer Areas to receive a special level of protection. Growth Management Act (GMA) In 1990, the Washington State Legislature passed the State Growth Management Act (ESHB 2929). The Act calls for urban counties and cities in the state to develop comprehensive plans to guide growth management decisions for at least the next decade. Amendments to the Act in 1991 require that counties, working with the cities within their boundaries, develop Countywide Planning Policies to provide a common vision of the future to serve as the framework for all comprehensive plans throughout the county. (See Chapter One, Regional Planning) Growth Management Planning Council (GMPC} The GMPC, which was established by an interlocal agreement, is a 15-member council of elected officials from Seattle, suburban cities and King County. The GMPC has been responsible for the preparation and recommendation of the Countywide Planning Policies to the Metropolitan King County Council, which then adopts the policies and sends them to the cities for ratification. G-5 September 2004 Habitat Habitat is the area where wildlife normally lives and grows. Habitat components include food, water, cover (security, breeding, thermal) and space. Habitat Network Habitat network is a system of fish and wildlife habitat where connections between large habitat blocks and open spaces are necessary for the support of fish and wildlife through their life cycles. Historic Properties Historic properties include historic buildings, sites, objects, districts and landscapes, prehistoric and historic archaeological resources, and traditional cultural places. Historic Property, Significant Significant historic properties are those properties that meet the criteria for designation as County landmarks and/or listing in the National Register of Historic Places. Impervious surface A hard surface area which either prevents or retards the entry of water into the soil mantle as under natural conditions prior to development; and/or a hard surface area which causes water to run off the surface in greater quantities or at an increased rate of flow from the flow present under natural conditions prior to development. Common impervious surfaces include, but are not limited to, roof tops, walkways, patios, driveways, parking lots and gravel roads. Incorporated Areas Incorporated areas are those areas that exist within a city or a city's jurisdiction. King County contains 39 whole incorporated cities and parts of two others. Infill Infill means development or redevelopment on small properties or groups of properties within existing built-up areas. Initial Project Needs Road improvement projects that are needed to meet the impacts of a specific development are initial project needs. They must be concurrent with the development. King County Open Space System This is a system of linked publicly owned regional open space corridors of greenways and waterways along the major river systems, shorelines and the Mountain-to-Sound Greenway. (See Chapter Five, Preserving and Enriching the Community) Land Use Map The official land use map for the Comprehensive Plan that designates the general location and extent of the uses of land for agriculture, timber production, housing, commerce, industry, recreation, open spaces, public utilities, public facilities, and other land uses as required by the Growth Management Act. The Land Use Map is not included in the Plan because it is very large. It is available for review at the Department of Development and Environmental Services and at the Clerk of the King County Council. A smaller representation of the Land Use Map is included in the Comprehensive Plan. Level-of-Service -Transportation Transportation level-of-service is a qualitative measure, graded A through F, describing the operational conditions of the County's transportation system (assessing both design capacity and actual traffic volumes by corridor) as experienced by travelers and which is determined by using the Transportation Adequacy Measure (TAM) methodology. September 2004 G-6 Locally Significant Resource Areas (LSRAs) LSRAs contribute to the aquatic resources within a specific basin, when compared to aquatic and terrestrial systems of similar size and structure elsewhere in the basin. They also provide wetland and stream habitat that is important for wildlife and salmonid diversity and abundance within the basin. (See Chapter Four, Environment) Low-Impact Development Low-impact development (LID) is a new approach to land development which works to match a site's natural hydrologic function by protecting native vegetation and soils, reducing impervious surface and managing stormwater at the source. Master Planned Resorts RCW 36. ?OA.040 defines Master Planned Resorts as a self-contained and fully integrated planned unit development, in a setting of significant natural amenities, with primary focus on destination resort facilities consisting of short-term visitor accommodations associated with a range of developed on-site indoor or outdoor recreation facilities. A master planned resort may include other residential uses within its boundaries, but only if the residential uses are integrated into and support the on-site recreational nature of the resort. May See definition for "shall" Median Household Income The median divides all households into two equal groups, one having income above the median and the other having income below the median. Mineral Resource Sites The Growth Management Act requires cities and counties to designate, where appropriate, mineral resource lands that are not already characterized by urban growth and that have long- term significance for the extraction of minerals. The Comprehensive Plan designates as Mineral Resource Sites existing, approved mining sites, and also designates as Potential Mineral Resource Sites properties on which King County expects some future mines may be located. (See Chapter Three, Rural Legacy and Natural Resource Lands) Mitigation Bank A mitigation bank is a property approved by the appropriate county, state and federal agencies for restoration, creation, or enhancement to compensate for adverse impacts to wetlands caused by the development of public agency facilities and utility facilities. Mitigation Payment System This system establishes a requirement that new growth and development pay a proportionate share of the cost of supporting needed transportation improvements. The proportionate share is that portion of the cost of transportation facil',ty improvement that is related to the service demands and needs of the new development. (See Chapter Six, Transportation) Mixed Use This term refers to a development with combined commercial and residential uses. Mode Split Mode split is the percentage of all trips using non-single occupant vehicular forms or modes of travel. Modes of travel include single-occupant vehicles, transit, carpooling, bicycling, walking, and other modes. Multifamily Multifamily housing structures are those with more than one unit. Multifamily housing includes duplexes, apartments and condominiums. G-7 September2004 Natural Resource Lands The Growth Management Act requires cities and counties to designate natural resource lands which include the following: 1) agricultural lands that have long-term significance for the commercial production of food or other agricultural products; 2) forest lands that have long-term significance for the commercial production of timber; and 3) mineral resource lands that have long-term significance for the extraction of minerals. The Comprehensive Plan designates Agricultural Production Districts, Forest Production Districts, and Mineral Resource Sites. (See Chapter Three, Rural Legacy and Natural Resource Lands) Natural Sites Natural sites recognize areas valued for their natural character. They may not be completely natural and undisturbed, but may be important in preserving rare or vanishing flora, fauna, geological sites or features of scientific, traditional, cultural, and/or educational value. Development and use will focus on keeping the environment in a nearly undeveloped state. There may be little or limited public access to these sites. Neighborhood Business Centers These are shopping areas offering convenience goods and services to local residents. They primarily contain retail stores and offices. (See Chapter Two, Urban Communities) Neighborhood Plan Small-scale plans meant to provide detailed land use plans for neighborhoods. (See also Subarea Planning) New Growth New growth is growth that occurs subsequent to pipeline development for which no application is currently pending review/approval in the King County permitting process, but which is forecasted to occur over the next 20 years in this Comprehensive Plan. Nondegradation Nondegradation means to prevent the decline to a lower state, to keep from reducing the complexity, functions, or integrity of ecological processes or values. Nonmotorized Transportation This refers to pedestrian, bicycle, and equestrian travel, and the facilities needed to make it safe and convenient. Non-point Pollution Non-point pollution is pollution which enters any waters of the State from any dispersed land- based or water-based activities, including but not limited to atmosphere disposition, surface water runoff from agricultural lands, urban areas, or forest lands, subsurface or underground sources, or discharges from boats or marine vessels. Open Space The Growth Management Act requires cities and counties to identify open space corridors within and between urban growth areas which include lands useful for recreation, wildlife habitat, trails, and connection of critical areas. Open space lands, as designated by the Comprehensive Plan, include federal, state and locally owned parks and wilderness areas, developed parks and areas left in a natural state so they can sustain sensitive ecosystems, community identity and aesthetics and links between important environmental or recreational resources. (See Chapter Five, Preserving and Enriching Our Community) Particulate Matter Particulate matter is solid or aerosol particles dispersed in the air including dust, soot, and oil. The major sources are industrial activities, fugitive road dust, motor vehicle emissions, and wood smoke. September 2004 G·8 Passive Recreation Site Passive recreation sites require a lower level of development and provide areas for informal, self- directed activities for individuals and groups. Pervious surface A surface area which allows the entry of water into the soil mantle, as under natural conditions prior to development. Pipeline Development These are land use development applications, whether vested or unvested, that were submitted prior to adoption of King County Comprehensive Plan and are pending review/approval in the permitting process. Pipeline transportation needs Pipeline transportation needs are associated with growth that is pending through the County's development review process. Point Pollution Point pollution is pollution that enters any waters of the State from an identifiable source such as a pipe. Potential Annexation Area (PAA) A Potential Annexation Area is an area in unincorporated King County adjacent to a city that is expected to annex to the city and to which that city will be expected to provide services and utilities within the next two decades. (See Chapter Two, Urban Communities) Protect Protect means to keep from harm, attack, injury, or destruction; to maintain the integrity of, especially through environmental care. Public Benefit Rating System This is a current use taxation program whereby the reduction in property taxes is determined using a scoring system related to the numbers and quality of open space resources located on all or portions of the property. Puget Sound Puget Sound is an estuary-a semi-enclosed, glacial fjord where salt water from the ocean is mixed with fresh water. Puget Sound is bordered by about 1,300 miles of shoreline with a mix of beaches, bluffs, deltas, mudflats, kelp forests and eelgrass meadows. Approximately 100 miles of this saltwater shoreline lie within King County. King County's immediate responsibilities include those portions of Puget Sound which lie within the County, roughly between Point Wells to the north and Dumas Bay to the south. King County shares responsibility for the health of the main basin of Puget Sound with its neighbors --Pierce County, Kitsap County, and Snohomish County. Puget Sound Regional Council (PSRC) The PSRC is the designated metropolitan planning organization for our area and is responsible for regional growth management and transportation planning in the four county region which includes King, Pierce, Snohomish and Kitsap Counties. PSRC's General Assembly includes mayors, county executives, and council commission members from the four counties. The Council also includes as members the ports of Everett, Seattle and Tacoma and the State Department of Transportation and Transportation Commission. The PSRC prepared Multi-county Planning Policies for the four-county region. G-9 September 2004 Regionally Significant Resource Area (RSRA) RSRAs are those portions of watersheds that contribute to the resource base of the entire Puget Sound region by virtue of exceptional species and habitat diversity and abundance when compared to aquatic and terrestrial systems of similar size and structure elsewhere in the region. RSRAs may also support rare, threatened or endangered species or communities. (See Chapter Four, Environment) Regional Wastewater Services Plan (RWSP) In 1999, King County adopted the Regional Wastewater Services Plan, guiding the development of new facilities to manage wastewater into the future. The RWSP addresses four areas: wastewater treatment facilities, combined sewer overflow control, wastewater reuse, and bio- solids management. The RWSP outlines where new facilities will be built, the types of technology to be used and the future of reclaimed water and bio-solids. Short-term needs through 2006 are specified, and long-term alternatives to the current Metro system are identified. Restore Restore means to return land and water resources from a disturbed or totally altered condition to an approximation of their condition prior to disturbance or alteration. Restoration projects are conducted by public agencies through capital improvement projects and by developers as a means to mitigate adverse impacts of their proposals. (Restoration of land is not required of developers when they protect land and water resources according to King County regulation.) (See Chapter Four, Environment) Rezones Rezoning is the term that refers to the process of individual requests and applications to change the zoning classification of land. Riparian Pertains to the banks of rivers and streams, and also sometimes wetlands, tidewater and lakes. Rural Area (See also Rural Zoning) The Growth Management Act requires that counties designate a rural area in order to conserve the rural character and quality of the existing rural lands in Washington. King County's Rural Area contains very low-density residential development, commercial and industrial development, farms, forests, watersheds crucial for both fisheries and flood control, mining areas, small cities and towns, historic sites and buildings, archaeological sites and regionally important recreation areas. (See Chapter Three, Rural Legacy and Natural Resource Lands) Rural Character Rural character refers to the pattern of land use and development established by a county in the rural element of its comprehensive plan: (a) In which open space, the natural landscape, and vegetation predominate over the built environment; (b) That foster traditional rural lifestyles, rural-based economies, and opportunities to both live and work in rural areas; (c) That provide visual landscapes that are traditionally found in rural areas and communities; (d) That are compatible with the use of the land by wildlife and for fish and wildlife habitat; (e) That reduce the inappropriate conversion of undeveloped land into sprawling, low-density development; (f) That generally do not require the extension of urban governmental services; and (g) That are consistent with the protection of natural surface water flows and groundwater and surface water recharge and discharge areas. September 2004 G·10 Rural Cities King County's rural cities are incorporated areas within the Rural Area whose local governments are involved in the region's planning processes on an equal legal basis with the suburban cities and Seattle. The incorporated rural cities are Black Diamond, Carnation, Duvall, Enumclaw, North Bend, Skykomish and Snoqualmie. (See Chapter Three, Rural Legacy and Natural Resource Lands) Rural Growth Rural Growth refers to residential, commercial, and industrial growth that is scaled to be compatible with, and mainta·,ns the traditional character of the Rural Area. Rural growth typically does not require urban governmental services except in the case of some rural towns and to protect the environment as provided in this Comprehensive Plan. The basic elements of "Rural Character," as defined by the King County Countywide Planning Policies, are natural features, resource-based industries, rural towns, rural neighborhoods, rural infrastructure and services, open space system, rural housing, rural economy, and rural cities. Rural Neighborhoods Rural neighborhoods are small commercial developments, or in some cases, historic towns or buildings, that are too small to provide more than convenience shopping and services to surrounding residents. They generally do not have services such as water supply or sewage disposal systems any different from those serving surrounding rural residential development. (See Chapter Three, Rural Legacy and Natural Resource Lands) Rural Towns Rural towns are unincorporated towns governed directly by King County. They provide a focal point for community groups such as chambers of commerce or community councils to participate in public affairs. The purposes of rural town designations within the Comprehensive Plan are to recognize existing concentrations of higher density and economic activity in rural areas and to allow modest growth of residential and economic uses to keep them economically viable into the future. (See Chapter Three, Rural Legacy and Natural Resource Lands) Rural Zoning The rural zone is meant to provide an area-wide, long-term, rural character and to minimize land use conflicts with nearby agricultural, forest or mineral extraction production districts. These purposes are accomplished by: 1) limiting residential densities and permitted uses to those that are compatible with rural character and nearby resource production districts and are able to be adequately supported by rural service levels; 2) allowing small scale farming and forestry activities and tourism and recreation uses which can be supported by rural service levels and which are compatible with rural character; and 3) increasing required setbacks to minimize conflicts with adjacent agriculture, forest or mineral zones. Salmonid A member of the fish family Salmonidae. In King County, salmonid species include Chinook, Coho, chum, sockeye, and pink salmon; cutthroat, rainbow, and brown trout and steelhead; Dolly Varden, brook trout, char, kokanee, and whitefish. Satellite System Management When large water utilities oversee the operations of smaller water systems, not connected to their own system, it is called satellite system management. The satellite system manager is hired by the smaller system to operate and maintain the system in accordance with local, state and federal health regulations. G-11 September 2004 Sediment Transport Sediment transport is the process of taking soil from one place and depositing it in another via the flow of water. Deposition of the soil occurs when sediment in the water flow is more than the flow can transport. Sensitive Areas Map Folio The folio displays the location of environmentally sensitive areas in unincorporated King County. It identifies sensitive areas for wetlands, streams, flood hazards, erosion hazards, landslide hazards, seismic hazards, and coal mine hazards. Sensitive Species Sensitive species means any species which is likely to become an endangered species within the foreseeable future throughout all or significant portion of its range and which has been designated as such in regulations issued by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service or the Washington State Department of Fish and Wildlife. Sewer Availability Sewer availability means the presence of sewers now or within six years through extensions included in adopted sewer comprehensive plans. In the case of Urban Planned Development, 1) the capacity to intercept and treat waste water as evidenced by a King County approved sewer system plan or a Metro utility plans, 2) a firm commitment to serve an area with sewer as evidenced by either a sewer availability certificate, utility extension agreement, or an approved sewer system plan and 3) a firm financial commitment to provide sewer, as evidenced by either a capital improvement program or utility extension agreement. Sewer Tightline Tightlining of sewers means that a sewer line is designed and sized to only serve a particular structure. Shall To guide King County, the use of the terms "shall," "will," "should," and "may" in policies determine the level of discretion the County can exercise in making future and specific land use, budget, development regulation and other decisions. "Shall" and "will" in a policy mean that it is mandatory for the County to carry out the policy, even if a timeframe is not included. "Shall" and "will" are imperative and nondiscretionary-the County must make decisions based on what the policy says to do. "Should" in a policy provides noncompulsory guidance, and establishes that the County has some discretion in making decisions. "May" in a policy means that it is in the County's interest to carry out the policy, but the County has total discretion in making decisions. Short Subdivisions These are subdivisions in unincorporated King County that are limited to four lots or less (nine in some cities), and are approved administratively by King County's Department of Development and Environmental Services. Should Noncompulsory guidance; establishes that the County has some discretion in making decisions. Significant Adverse Environmental Impact Significant as used in State Environmental Policy Act means a reasonable likelihood of more than a moderate adverse impact on the environment. Significance involves context and intensity and does not lend itself to a formula or quantifiable text. The context may vary with the physical setting. Intensity depends on the magnitude and duration of an impact. The severity of an impact should be weighed along with the likelihood of its occurrence. An impact may be significant if its chance of occurrence is not great, but the resulting environmental impact would be severe if it occurred. -September 2004 G-12 Single-Family Single-family housing units are individual structures including conventional houses and mobile homes. Subarea Planning This level of planning brings the policy direction of the comprehensive plan to a smaller geographic area. Subarea plans are meant to provide detailed land use plans for local geographic areas. These plans are meant to implement the King County Comprehensive Plan and be consistent with the County's Comprehensive Plan's policies, development regulations, and Land Use Map. Subdivision A subdivision is land that has been divided into legal lots, or is the process of dividing land into lots. Traditional Rural Development In King County, traditional rural land uses could include, but are not limited to: low density residential uses; small scale farming, forestry and mineral extraction; small, neighborhood churches; feed and grain stores; the keeping of horses and livestock; cottage industries, crafts and trades that support the residents of the rural area and/or the needs of the natural resource production areas; and public and private facilities necessary to serve rural homes such as utility installations or public schools. In general, the rural development pattern in King County has historically been comprised of houses, barns, fences and cultivated fields, but natural features and open spaces are the predominant visual image. Transfer of Development Rights (TDR) Transfer of development rights means the ability to transfer allowable density, in.the form of permitted building lots or structures, from one property (the "sending site") to another (the "receiving site") in conjunction with conservation of all or part of the sending site as open space or working farm or forest. King County allows transfers of development rights as part of standard subdivision, mobile home park and multifamily project review processes through its TOR Program. (King County Code, Title 21A) Transit Oriented Development (TOD) A private or public/private real estate development project that creates, expands, maintains or preserves a mixed-use community or neighborhood within walking distance of a transit center, or stop, that is designed to encourage transit use and pedestrian activity. TOD projects support transit by increasing the density of residents, shoppers, visitors or employees per acre. New TOD projects are often coupled with an increase in transit service to the area. Transportation Adequacy Measure (TAM) The Transportation Adequacy Measure is the County's methodology for measuring the level-of- service performance of its transportation system. Transportation Adequacy Measure is a calculated index of the quality of transportation experienced by travelers. It is based on two components; a system-wide average ratio of traffic volumes to traffic capacities; (the lower this weighted average, the better the transportation adequacy) and the volume to capacity rates of certain roads that are critical to system performance (critical links). The TAM applies to discrete land areas (zones) in the County and is the basis for transportation level-of-service standards. (See Chapter Six, Transportation) Transportation Certificate of Concurrency An official notice given to a property owner by the Department of Transportation or its successor that indicates whether there is capacity on the transportation system to accommodate new growth. A Transportation Certificate of Concurrency is required to show that adequate transportation facilities are available to service growth as part of the development review process. G-13 September 2004 Transportation Demand Management (TDM) TOM is a strategy for the reduction of automobile trips, particularly trips taken in single-occupant vehicles. TOM encourages public transportation over automobile use and specifically refers to policies, programs and actions implemented to increase the use of high-occupancy vehicles (public transit, car-pooling and van-pooling) and spread travel to less congested time periods through alternative work hour programs (See Chapter Six, Transportation). Transportation Facilities and Services These are the physical assets of the transportation system that are used to provide mobility. They include roads, transit, bridges, traffic signals, ramps, buses, bus garages, park and ride lots and passenger shelters. Transportation needs for new growth Transportation needs for new growth are associated with growth that has been planned for 2012 in this Comprehensive Plan. Transportation Needs Report (TNR) The TNR is a comprehensive list of recommended County transportation needs through the year 2012 needed to implement the land use element. It includes transportation needs for unincorporated King County, and some city, state, and adjacent County projects. It does not include transit service or capital needs. (See Chapter Six, Transportation) Unemployment Rate The unemployment rate is the percentage of the civilian labor force that is unemployed and actively seeking employment. Unincorporated Activity Centers Unincorporated Activity Centers are the primary locations for commercial and industrial development in urban unincorporated King County. Currently, White Center is the only designated Unincorporated Activity Center, as other such centers are now parts of cities. (See Chapter Two, Urban Communities) Unincorporated Areas Unincorporated areas are those areas outside any city and under King County's jurisdiction. Unique Wetland The term unique wetland refers to bogs and fens which have unusual and sensitive water chemistries. Urban Centers These are centers of concentrated employment and housing located within the Urban Growth Area designated by the Phase II Countywide Planning Policies. Urban Centers are to be serviced directly by high-capacity transit and·are to contain a wide variety of land uses, including retail, recreational, cultural and public facilities, parks and open spaces. Urban Centers include the central business districts of Federal Way, Bellevue, Seattle, Renton, SeaTac, Kent, Redmond and Tukwila. Other Urban Centers are Seattle Center, Seattle First Hill/Capitol Hill, Seattle University District and Seattle Northgate. (See Chapter Two, Urban Communities) Urban Growth Urban growth refers to residential, commercial and industrial growth that makes intensive use of land for the location of buildings, structures and impermeable surfaces to such a degree as to be incompatible with the primary use of such land for the production of food, other agricultural products, or fiber, or the extraction of mineral resources. Urban growth typically requires urban governmental services. "Characterized by urban growth" refers to land having urban growth located on it, or to land located in relationship to an area with urban growth. September 2004 G-14 Urban Growth Area (UGA) The Growth Management Act requires King County's Comprehensive Plan to designate an Urban Growth Area, where most future urban growth and development is to occur to limit urban sprawl, enhance open space, protect rural areas and more efficiently use human services, transportation and utilities. The Comprehensive Plan designates an UGA which includes areas and densities sufficient to permit the urban growth that is projected to occur in the County for the succeeding 20-year period. (See Chapter One, Regional Planning and Chapter Two, Urban Communities) Urban Growth Target The Growth Management Act and the Countywide Planning Policies require King County and its cities to plan for a 20-year population and employment growth target for each jurisdiction, based on designation of the Urban Growth Area, Urban Centers and the criteria of the Countywide Planning Policies. (See Chapter Two, Urban Communities) Urban Planned Developments (UPD) Urban Plan Developments are site specific projects consisting of conceptual site plans, development stands, processing and other elements. Urban Separator Urban separators are areas planned for permanent low-residential density within the Urban Growth Area. Urban separators protect adjacent resource land, environmentally sensitive areas, or rural areas and create open space corridors within and between urban areas which provide environmental, visual, recreations and wildlife benefits. Utilities Technical Review Committee (UTRC) This is an interdepartmental committee with responsibility for ensuring that water and sewer plans comply with County and State health requirements and County land use policies. The committee reviews the plans of all water and sewer utilities that operate in unincorporated King County and then recommends the plans to King County Executive and the Metropolitan King County Council for approval. Water Availability Water availability means the presence of a water source with applicable water rights that can serve the projected demand through the year 2000, as shown by adopted water comprehensive plans. In the case of Urban Planned Developments, water availability is defined as 1) presence of a water source with water rights that can serve the projected average daily demand through the year 2000, 2) a firm commitment to serve an area with water, as evidenced by either a water availability certificate, utility extension agreement or a King County approved water system plan and 3) a firm financial commitment to provide water, as evidenced by either a capital improvement plan or utility extension agreement. Water Reuse Water reuse or wastewater reclamation involves using treated wastewater in place of drinking water for commercial irrigation and industrial processes. Also referred to as wastewater reuse. Water Supply Availability Water supply availability is the presence of a water source with applicable water rights that can serve the projected demand through the year 2000, as shown by adopted water comprehensive plans. Water System Classifications A public water system is defined as any system that has more than one connection. A well serving one house is a private system. Group A water systems have fifteen or more service connections. Group B water systems have two through fourteen service connections. G-15 September 2004 Watershed A watershed, like a drainage basin, is an area that drains to a common outlet or an identifiable water body such as a river, stream, lake or wetland. The six major watersheds in King County are Cedar River, Green River, Skykomish River, Snoqualmie River and White River and the Puget Sound. These watersheds contain a total of 72 individual drainage basins. (See Chapter Four, Environment) Well Head Protection Well head protection is another way that King County can protect its groundwater resource. This program directs purveyors to identify 1, 5, and 10-year time of travel to their well(s) to identify contamination sources, and to propose methods to reduce or eliminate contamination sources. Wetland The term wetland means those areas that are inundated or saturated by surface or ground water at a frequency and duration sufficient to support, and that under normal circumstances do support, a prevalence of vegetation typically adapted for life in saturated soil conditions. Wetlands generally include swamps, marshes, bogs and similar areas. Wetlands do not include those artificial wetlands intentionally created from nonwetland sites, including, but not limited to, irrigation and drainage ditches, grass-lined swales, canals, detention facilities, wastewater treatment facilities, farm ponds, landscape amenities, or those wetlands created after July 1, 1990 that were unintentionally created as a result of the construction of a road, street or highway. Wetlands shall include those artificial wetlands intentionally created from nonwetland areas to mitigate conversion of wetlands. Wetland Banking Wetland banking is a process that allows certain wetlands to be developed if the development is accompanied by the restoration or creation of wetlands in other areas. (See Chapter Four, Environment) Wetland Functions Functions refer to the ecological (physical, chemical and biological) workings or attributes of a wetland regardless of their importance to society. Food chain support or the transport and transformation of chemicals in ecosystems are examples of wetland functions. Water quality maintenance, flood storage, and wildlife habitat are examples of ecological functions to which society attributes a value. (See Chapter Four, Environment) Wetland Values Values are estimates, usually subjective, of the worth, merit, quality, or importance of wetland attributes that are valuable and beneficial to society. Values vary by watershed or human community. Education, research, aesthetics, and recreation are examples of other wetland attributes that may be considered values in that they are beneficial to society. Will See definition for "shall". September 2004 G-16 Frequently Used Acronyms APO BMP CIP CPP ESA FCC FPO GMA GMPC HOT HOV ITS KCCP LOS LSRA MPS PAA PBRS PSRC RSRA RWSP SEPA sov TAM TDC TOM TNR TOD UGA UPD UTRC Agricultural Production District Best Management Practices Capital Improvement Program Countywide Planning Policy Endangered Species Act Fully Contained Community Forest Production District Growth Management Act Growth Management Planning Council High Occupancy Toll lane High Occupancy Vehicle Intelligent Transportation Systems King County Comprehensive Plan Level of Service Locally Significant Resource Area Mitigation Payment System Potential Annexation Area Public Benefit Rating System Puget Sound Regional Council Regionally Significant Resource Area Regional Wastewater Services Plan State Environmental Policy Act Single Occupancy Vehicle Transportation Adequacy Measure Transfer of Development Credits Transportation Demand Management Transportation Needs Report Transit Oriented Development Urban Growth Area Urban Planned Development Utilities Technical Review Committee G-17 September 2004 I 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Proposed l\'o. 2004-0114.3 KING COUNTY Signature Report October 6, 2004 Ordinance 15028 1200 King County Courthouse 516 Third A venue S~attk, \VA 981 04 Sponsors Constantine, Edmonds and Phillips AN ORDINANCE relating to comprehensive planning and zoning; adopting the King County Comprehensive Plan 2004 amendments to the Comprehensive Plan 2000 and area zoning, in accordance with the Washington State Growth Management Act; and amending Ordinance 263, Article 2, Section 1, as amended, and K.C.C. 21.12.0 I 0, Ordinance 12824, Section 3, as amended, and K.C.C. 20.12.050 and Ordinance 10511, Section 7, as amended, and K.C.C. 20.36.100. 12 BE IT ORDAINED BY THE COUNCIL OF KING COUNTY: 13 SECTION 1. Findings. For the purposes of effective land use planning and 14 regulation, the King County council makes the following legislative findings: 15 A. King County has adopted the 2000 King County Comprehensive Plan to meet 16 the requirements of the Washington State Growth Management Act ("GMA"); 0-1 Ordinance 15028 17 B. The King County Code authorizes a review of the Comprehensive Plan and 18 allows substantive amendments to the Comprehensive Plan once every four years and the 19 King County Comprehensive Plan 2004 amendments represent the second major review 20 of the Comprehensive Plan since 1994; 21 C. The GMA requires that the Comprehensive Plan and development regulations 22 be subject to continuing review and evaluation by the county; 23 D. The GMA requires each county that designates urban growth areas to review 24 the urban growth area at least every ten years and the GMA requires that King County 25 complete the review and evaluation of its urban growth area on or before December I, 26 2004; 27 E. The GMA requires that King County adopt development regulations to be 28 consistent with and implement the Comprehensive Plan; and 29 F. The changes to zoning contained in this ordinance are needed to maintain 30 conformity with the King County Comprehensive Plan, as required by the GMA. As 31 such, they bear a substantial relationship to, and are necessary for, the public health, 32 safety and general welfare of King County and its residents. 33 SECTION 2. Ordinance 263, Article 2, Section I, as amended, and K.C.C. 34 20.12.10 are each hereby amended to read as follows: 35 Comprehensive Plan adopted. 36 A. Under the King County Charter, the state Constitution and the Washington State 3 7 Growth Management Act, chapter 36. 70A RCW, the 1994 King County Comprehensive 3 8 Plan is adopted and declared to be the Comprehensive Plan for King County until 39 amended, repealed or superseded. King County ((f!a5)) performed its first comprehensive 0-2 Ordinance 15028 40 four-cycle review of the Comprehensive Plan. As a result of the review, King County 41 amended the 1994 Comprehensive Plan through passage of the King County 42 Comprehensive Plan 2000. King Countv performed its second comprehensive four-cycle 43 review of the Comprehensive Plan in 2004. As a result of the review, King County 44 amended the 2000 Comprehensive Plan through passage of the King County 45 Comprehensive Plan 2004. The Comprehensive Plan shall be the principal planning 46 document for the orderly physical development of the county and shall be used to guide 4 7 subarea plans, functional plans, provision of public facilities and services, review of 48 proposed incorporations and annexations, development regulations and land development 49 decisions. 50 B. The amendments to the 1994 King County Comprehensive Plan contained in 51 Appendix A to Ordinance 12061 (King County Comprehensive Plan 1995 amendments) 5 2 are hereby adopted. 53 C. The amendments to the 1994 King County Comprehensive Plan contained in 54 Attachment A to Ordinance 12170 are hereby adopted to comply with the Central Puget 55 Sound Growth Management Hearings Board Decision and Order in Vashon-Maury Island, 56 et. al. v. King County, Case No. 95-3-0008. 57 D. The Vashon Town Plan contained in Attachment I to Ordinance 12395 is 58 adopted as a subarea plan of the King County Comprehensive Plan and, as such, constitutes 59 official county policy for the geographic area of unincorporated King County defined in the 60 plan and amends the 1994 King County Comprehensive Plan Land Use Map. 61 E. The amendments to the 1994 King County Comprehensive Plan contained in 62 Appendix A to Ordinance 1250 I are hereby adopted to comply with the Order of the 0-3 Ordinance 15028 63 Central Puget Sound Growth Management Hearings Board in Capac-Preston Mill, Inc., et 64 al, v. King County, Case No. 96-3-0013 as amendments to the King County 65 Comprehensive Plan. 66 F. The amendments to the 1994 King County Comprehensive Plan contained in 67 Appendix A to Ordinance 12531 (King County Comprehensive Plan 1996 amendments) 68 are hereby adopted as amendments to the King County Comprehensive Plan. 69 G. The Black Diamond Urban Growth Area contained in Appendix A to Ordinance 70 12533 is hereby adopted as an amendment to the King County Comprehensive Plan. 71 H. The 1994 King County Comprehensive Plan and Comprehensive Plan Land 72 Use Map are amended to include the area shown in Appendix A of Ordinance 12535 as 73 Rural City Urban Growth Area. The language from Section ID of Ordinance 12535 shall 74 be placed on Comprehensive Plan Land Use Map page #32 with a reference marker on the 75 area affected by Ordinance 12535. 76 I. The amendments to the 1994 King County Comprehensive Plan contained in 77 Appendix A to Ordinance 12536 (1997 Transportation Need Report) are hereby adopted as 78 amendments to the King County Comprehensive Plan. 79 J. The amendments to the 1994 King County Comprehensive Plan contained in 80 Appendix A to Ordinance 12927 (King County Comprehensive Plan 1997 amendments) 81 are hereby adopted as amendments to the King County Comprehensive Plan. 82 K. The amendments to the 1994 King County Comprehensive Plan contained in 83 the 1998 Transportation Needs Report, contained in Appendices A and B to Ordinance 84 12931 and in the supporting text, are hereby adopted as amendments to the King County 85 Comprehensive Plan. 0-4 Ordinance 15028 86 L. The amendments to the 1994 King County Comprehensive Plan contained in 87 Appendix A to Ordinance 13273 (King County Comprehensive Plan 1998 amendments) 88 are hereby adopted as amendments to the King County Comprehensive Plan. 89 M. The 1999 Transportation Needs Report contained in Attachment A to 90 Ordinance 13339 is hereby adopted as an amendment to the 1994 King County 91 Comprehensive Plan, Technical Appendix C, and the amendments to the 1994 King 92 County Comprehensive Plan contained in Attachment B to Ordinance 13339 are hereby 93 adopted as amendments to the King County Comprehensive Plan. 94 N. The amendments to the 1994 King County Comprehensive Plan contained in 95 Attachment A to Ordinance 13672 (King County Comprehensive Plan 1999 amendments) 96 are hereby adopted as amendments to the King County Comprehensive Plan. 97 0. The 2000 Transportation Needs Report contained in Attachment A to this 98 Ordinance 13674 is hereby adopted as an amendment to the 1994 King County 99 Comprehensive Plan, Technical Appendix C. 00 P. The Fall City Subarea Plan contained in Attachment A to Ordinance 13875 is · 01 adopted as a subarca plan of the King County Comprehensive Plan and, as such, constitutes 02 official county policy for the geographic area of unincorporated King County defined in the · 03 plan. The Fall City Subarea Plan amends the 1994 King County Comprehensive Plan land .04 use map by revising the Rural Town boundaries of Fall City. 05 Q. The amendments to the King County Comprehensive Plan contained in 106 Attachment A to Ordinance 13875 are hereby adopted as amendments to the King County 07 C omprehcnsive Plan. 0-5 Ordinance 15028 108 R. The Fall City area zoning amendments contained in Attachment A to Ordinance I 09 13875 are adopted as the zoning control for those portions of unincorporated King County 110 defined in the attachment. Existing property-specific development standards (p-suffix 111 conditions) on parcels affected by Attachment A to Ordinance 13875 do not change except 112 as specifically provided in Attachment A to Ordinance 13875. 113 S. The amendments to the 1994 King County Comprehensive Plan Land Use Map 114 contained in Attachment A to Ordinance 13987 are hereby adopted to comply with the 115 Central Puget Sound Growth Management Hearings Board Decision and Order on 116 Supreme Court Remand in Vashon-Maury Island, et. al. v. King County, Case No. 95-3- 117 0008 (Bear Creek Portion). 118 T. The 200 I transportation needs report contained in Attachment A to Ordinance 119 14010 is hereby adopted as an amendment to the 1994 King County Comprehensive Plan, 120 technical appendix C. 121 U. The amendments to the 1994 King County Comprehensive Plan contained in 122 Attachments A, B and C to Ordinance 14044 (King County Comprehensive Plan 2000) are 123 hereby adopted as amendments to the King County Comprehensive Plan. Attachment A 124 amends the policies, text and maps of the Comprehensive Plan. Amendments to the 125 policies are shown with deleted language struck out and new language underlined. The text 126 and maps in Attachment A replace the previous text and maps in the Comprehensive Plan. 127 Attachment B to Ordinance 14044 contains technical appendix A (capital facilities), which 128 replaces technical appendix A to the King County Comprehensive Plan, technical appendix 129 C (transportation), which replaces technical appendix C to the King County 130 Comprehensive Plan, and technical appendix M (public participation), which is a new 0-6 Ordinance 15028 131 technical appendix that describes the public participation process for the King County 132 Comprehensive Plan 2000. Attachment C includes amendments to the King County 133 Comprehensive Plan Land Use Map. The land use amendments contained in Attachment C 134 are adopted as the official land use designations for those portions of unincorporated King 135 County defined in Attachment C to Ordinance 14044. 136 V. The Snoqualmie Urban Growth Area Subarea Plan contained in Attachment A 137 to Ordinance 14117 is adopted as a subarea plan of the King County Comprehensive Plan 138 and, as such, constitutes official county policy for the geographic area of unincorporated 139 King County defined in the plan. Attachment B to Ordinance 14117 amends the King 140 County Comprehensive Plan 2000 land use map by revising the Urban Growth Area for the 141 City of Snoqualmie. Attachment C to Ordinance 14117 amends the policies of the 142 Comprehensive Plan. 43 W. The Snoqualmie Urban Growth Area Subarea Plan area zoning amendments in 144 Attachment D to Ordinance 14117 are adopted as the zoning control for those portions of 45 unincorporated King County defined in the attachment. Existing property-specific '.46 development standards (p-suffix conditions) on parcels affected by Attachment D to 4 7 Ordinance 1411 7 do not change · 48 X. The amendments to the King County Comprehensive Plan 2000 contained in A9 Attachment B to Ordinance 14156 are hereby adopted as amendments to the King County 50 Comprehensive Plan. , 51 Y. The amendments to the King County Comprehensive Plan 2000 contained in 52 Attachment A to Ordinance 14185 are hereby adopted as amendments to the King County · 53 Comprehensive Plan in order to comply with the order of the Central Puget Sound Gro'wth 0-7 Ordinance 15028 154 Management Hearings Board in Green Valley et al, v. King County, CPSGMHB Case No. 155 98-3-0008c, Final Decision and Order (1998) and the order of the Washington Supreme 156 Court in King County v. Central Puget Sound Growth Management Hearings Board, 142 157 Wn.2d 543, 14 P.3d 133 (2000). 158 Z. The amendments to the King County Comprehensive Plan 2000 contained in 159 Attachment A to Ordinance 14241 (King County Comprehensive Plan 2001 Amendments) 160 are hereby adopted as amendments to the King County Comprehensive Plan. 161 AA. The amendment to the King County Comprehensive Plan 2000 contained in 162 Attachment A to Ordinance 14286 is hereby adopted as an amendment to the King County 163 Comprehensive Plan in order to comply with the Central Puget Sound Growth 164 Management Hearings Board's Final Decision and Order in Forster Woods Homeowners' 165 Association and Friends and Neighbors of Forster Woods, et al. v. King County, Case No. 166 01-3-0008c (Forster Woods), dated November 6, 2001. 167 BB. The amendments to the King County Comprehensive Plan 2000 contained in 168 Attachment A to Ordinance 14448 (King County Comprehensive Plan 2002 Amendments) 169 are hereby adopted as amendments to the King County Comprehensive Plan. 170 CC. The amendments to the King County Comprehensive Plan 2000 contained in 171 Attachment A to Ordinance 14775 (King County Comprehensive Plan 2003 Amendments) 172 are hereby adopted as amendments to the King County Comprehensive Plan. 173 DD. The amendments to the King County Comprehensive Plan 2000 contained in 174 Attachments A. B, C. D and E to this ordinance (King County Comprehensive Plan 2004) 175 are hereby adopted as amendments to the King County Comprehensive Plan. Attachment 176 A. Part I, to this ordinance amends the policies, text and maps of the Comprehensive Plan. 0-8 Ordinance 15028 1 77 Attachment A, Part II, to this ordinance includes amendments to the King County 178 Comprehensive Plan Land Use Map. The land use amendments contained in Attachment 179 A. Part II, to this ordinance are adopted as the official land use designations for those 180 portions of unincorporated King County defined in Attachment A, Part II, to this 181 ordinance. Attachment B to this ordinance contains Technical Appendix A (Capital 182 Facilities). which replaces technical appendix A to the King County Comprehensive Plan. 183 Attachment C to this ordinance contains Technical Appendix B (Housing), which replaces -184 Technical Appendix B to the King Countv Comprehensive Plan. Attachment D to this 185 ordinance contains Technical Appendix C (Transportation). which replaces Technical : 86 Appendix C to the King County Comprehensive Plan 2000. Attachment E to this 187 ordinance contains Technical Appendix D (Growth Targets and the Urban Growth Area , 88 2004). 89 SECTION 3. The Comprehensive Plan 2004 zoning amendments contained in 190 Attachment A, Part II, to this ordinance are adopted as the official zoning control for 91 those portions of unincorporated King County defined in Attachment A, Part II, to this '92 ordinance in accordance with K.C.C. 20.12.050. Existing property-specific development 93 conditions (p-suffix conditions) and special district overlays on parcels affected by the · 94 Comprehensive Plan 2004 area zoning amendments, whether adopted through 95 reclassifications or area zoning, are retained by this ordinance except as specifically '96 amended by this ordinance. Property-specific development standards adopted, repealed , 97 or amended by this ordinance shall amend Appendix A of Ordinance 12824 in 98 accordance with K.C.C. 20.12.050. Special district overlays adopted, repealed or · 99 amended by this ordinance shall amend Appendix B of Ordinance 12824 in accordance 0-9 Ordinance 15028 200 with K.C.C. 20.12.050. 201 SECTION 4. Ordinance 12824, Section 3, as amended, and K.C.C. 20.12.050 are 202 each hereby amended to read as follows: 203 Zoning, potential zoning, property-specific development standards, special 204 district overlays, regional use designations and interim zoning. Zoning adopted 205 pursuant to this section shall constitute official zoning for all of unincorporated King 206 County. 207 A. Official zoning, including but not limited top-suffix, so-suffix and potential 208 zoning, is contained in the SITUS file and is depicted on the official zoning maps, as 209 maintained by the department of development and environmental services. 210 B. Appendix A of Ordinance 12824, as amended by this ordinance, is hereby 21 l adopted to constitute and contain all property-specific development standards (p-suffix 212 conditions) applicable in unincorporated King County. The property specific development 213 standards (p-suffix conditions) in effect or hereinafter amended shall be maintained by the 214 department of development and environmental services in the Property Specific 215 Development Conditions notebook. Any adoption, amendment or repeal of property- 216 specific development standards shall amend, pursuant to this section, Appendix A of 217 Ordinance 12824 as currently in effect or hereafter amended. 218 C. Appendix B of Ordinance 12824, as amended by this ordinance, is hereby 219 adopted to constitute and contain special district overlays applied through Ordinance 220 12824. The special district overlays in effect or hereinafter amended shall be maintained 221 by the department of development and environmental services in the Special District 222 Overlay Application Maps notebook. Any adoption, amendment or repeal of special 0-10 Ordinance 15028 223 district overlays shall amend, pursuant to this section, Appendix B of Ordinance 12824 as 224 currently in effect or hereafter amended. 225 SECTION 5. Ordinance 10511, Section 7, as amended, and K.C.C. 20.36.100 are 226 each hereby amended to read as follows: 227 Criteria for approval -public benefit rating system for open space land - 228 rating system -bonus system -super bonus system. 229 A. To be eligible for open space classification under the public benefit rating 230 system, property must contain one or more priority open space resources. These 231 resources are ranked as high priority, medium priority and low priority resources and are 232 based on the adopted King County Open Space Plan referenced in K.C.C. 20.12.380. 233 High priority resources receive five points each, medium priority resources receive three 234 points each and low priority resources receive one point each. Property can receive a 235 maximum of thirty points from no more than six open space priority resources. In 236 addition, bonus points and super bonus points may be awarded pursuant to K.C.C. !37 20.36.1008 and C and a property can achieve a maximum of fifty-two points through the ~38 rating system and the bonus system. Portions of property may also qualify for open space 239 designation. Complete definitions of each resource, sources and eligibility standards are ~40 fully described in the summary report adopted by reference by K.C.C. 20.36.150. The .:41 department of natural resources and parks shall have administrative authority to interpret 142 issues relating to the priority resource definitions and eligibility standards outlined in the L43 summary report. '44 1. High priority resources -five points each . . AS a. Active or passive recreation area. 0-11 Ordinance 15028 246 b. Property under option for purchase as park, recreation, open space land or 24 7 CIP mitigation site. 248 c. Aquifer protection area. 249 d. Shoreline: "Conservancy" environment. 250 e. Scenic resource, viewpoint or view corridor. 251 f. Surface water quality buffer area. 252 g. Open space close to urban or growth area. 253 h. Significant plant, wildlife or salmonid habitat area. 254 1. Significant aquatic ecosystem. 255 J. Historic landmark/archaeological site: designated site. 256 k. Trail linkage. 257 I. Urban or growth area open space. 258 m. Farm and agricultural conservation land. 259 n. Forest stewardship land. 260 o. Equestrian-pedestrian trail linkage. 261 p. Rural stewardship land. 262 q. Watershed protection. 263 2. Medium priority resources -three points each. 264 a. Public land or right-of-way buffer. 265 b. Special native plant site. 266 c. Natural shoreline environment. 267 d. Geological feature. 268 e. Eligible historic landmark or archaeological site. 0-12 Ordinance 15028 269 f. Buffer to designated historic landmark/archaeological site. 270 g. Special animal site. 271 3. Low priority resource -one point. 272 a. Buffer to eligible historic/archaeological site. 273 B. Property qualifying in the specific high, medium or low priority categories 274 may receive up to twenty-two bonus points if the following additional qualifications are ?.75 met: 276 1. Resource restoration -five points. 2 77 2. Bonus surface water quality buffer -three or five points. 278 3. Contiguous parcels under separate ownership -two points. '179 4. Conservation or Historic Preservation Easement in perpetuity -five points. 280 5. Bonus public access points. !81 a. Unlimited public access -five points. 282 b. Limited public access -sensitive area -five points. 183 c. Limited public access -three points. rn4 C. Property with at least one high priority resource and which allows unlimited :85 public access, or limited public access if due to resource sensitivity, and which conveys a ~86 conservation, historic preservation, or trail easement in perpetuity, in a fom1 approved by c.87 the county, shall be automatically eligible for current use value at ten percent of market -88 value. _g9 SECTION 6. Work program. The council hereby adopts the following work 90 program items as part of the King County Comprehensive Plan 2004: 0-13 Ordinance 15028 291 A. The executive shall transmit to the council by December 31, 2004, stand-alone 292 legislation concerning the Green Building Initiative, including the Leadership in Energy 293 and Environmental Design (LEEDs(TM)) certification program. The legislation must be 294 filed in the form of fifteen copies with the clerk of the council, who shall retain the 295 original and shall forward copies to each councilmember and to the lead staff for the 296 budget and fiscal management committee or its successor. The transmittal package shall 297 include a fiscal note to enable the council to conduct an analysis of the financial impacts 298 of the proposal; and 299 B. The executive shall complete the studies required by policies R-106 and R- 300 107, and shall transmit them to the council by December 31, 2005. The studies must be 301 filed in the form of fifteen copies with the clerk of the council, who shall retain the 302 original and shall forward copies to each councilmember and to the lead staff for the 303 growth management and unincorporated areas committee or its successor; and 304 C. By December 31, 2005, the executive shall develop through an administrative 305 rule making process a set of criteria for making decisions on a case-by-case basis as to 306 whether existing water systems can meet their duty to supply water throughout their 307 assigned water service areas in a timely and reasonable manner, and whether those 308 systems can otherwise serve water to proposed new development with reasonable 309 economy and efficiency; 310 D. By December 31, 2005, the executive shall transmit to the council a work plan 311 for gathering data concerning the existing and potential impact of exempt wells on 312 groundwater levels, stream flows and the general health of the aquifer in areas where 313 exempt wells are used for water supply, and developing strategies to address the 0-14 314 315 316 317 318 319 320 321 322 323 324 325 l26 / p27 l28 329 J30 '131 i32 133 J34 ' 35 336 Ordinance 15028 identified impacts. The work plan shall include the participation ofrelevant state agencies, and shall reflect ongoing work related to groundwater management areas and plans and salmon recovery plans. The work plan must be filed in the form of fifteen copies with the clerk of the council, who shall retain the original and shall forward copies to each councilmember and to the lead staff for the natural resources and utilities committee or its successor; E. The executive shall complete a subarea planning process to study rural-zoned properties in the Sammamish valley agricultural production district, and shall transmit any required Comprehensive Plan amendments to the council as part of a future amendment to the Comprehensive Plan. The subarea plan must be filed in the form of fifteen copies with the clerk of the council, who shall retain the original and shall forward copies to each councilmember and to the lead staff for the growth management and unincorporated areas committee or its successor; F. The executive shall complete a study of existing property-specific (p-suffix) development conditions for properties on Vashon and Maury Islands for the purpose of determining whether any p-suffix conditions are no longer applicable and should be removed from the zoning of individual parcels. The executive shall transmit any required legislation to the council by March 1, 2005. The legislation must be filed in the form of fifteen copies with the clerk of the council, who shall retain the original and shall forward copies to each councilmember and to the lead staff for the growth management and unincorporated areas committee or its successor; G. The executive shall, contingent upon council appropriation of funds through the 2005 budget, complete a subarea planning process to study non-conforming industrial 0-15 Ordinance 15028 337 uses along the Maple Valley highway for properties adjacent to and near the old King 338 County shop site for possible redesignation to a commercial center, and shall transmit any 339 required Comprehensive Plan amendments to the council as part of the 2005 amendment 340 to the Comprehensive Plan. The subarea plan must be filed in the form of fifteen copies 341 with the clerk of the council, who shall retain the original and shall forward copies to 342 each councilmember and to the lead staff for the growth management and unincorporated 343 areas committee or its successor; 344 H. The executive shall, contingent upon council appropriation of funds through 345 the 2005 budget, complete a subarea planning process to study expansion of the east 346 Redmond rural neighborhood, and shall transmit any required Comprehensive Plan 34 7 amendments to the council as part of the 2005 amendment to the Comprehensive Plan. 348 The subarea plan must be filed in the form of fifteen copies with the clerk of the council, 349 350 who shall retain the original and shall forward copies to each councilmember and to the lead staff for the growth management and unincorporated areas committee or its 351 successor; 352 I. The executive shall complete a study of the county's development regulations 353 governing accessory dwelling units in the urban and rural areas for the purpose of 354 determining if such regulations provide adequate flexibility and fairness while meeting 355 the goals of the Growth Management Act. As part of the study, the executive shall 356 examine development regulations governing accessory dwelling units in other 357 jurisdictions in King County, and in surrounding counties. The executive shall transmit 358 any required legislation to the council by December 31, 2005. The legislation must be 359 filed in the form of fifteen copies with the clerk of the council, who shall retain the 0-16 ', • Ordinance 15028 360 original and shall forward copies to each councilmember and to the lead staff for the 361 growth management and unincorporated areas committee or its successor; and I 362 J. The executive shall complete a study of cottage housing models in the Puget 363 Sound region and, upon completion of the study, shall propose amendments to the · 364 county's policies and development regulations if warranted. The executive shall transmit 365 any required legislation to the council by December 31, 2005. The legislation must be 366 filed in the form of fifteen copies with the clerk of the council, who shall retain the 367 original and shall forward copies to each councilmember and to the lead staff for the 368 growth management and unincorporated areas committee or its successor. 369 SECTION 7. Severability. If any provision of this ordinance or its application to 0-17 Ordinance 15028 370 any person or circumstance is held invalid, the remainder of the ordinance or the 3 71 application of the provision to other persons or circumstances is not affected. 372 Ordinance 15028 was introduced on 3/8/2004 and passed as amended by the Metropolitan King County Council on 9/27/2004, by the following vote: ATTEST: Yes: 7 -Mr. Phillips, Ms. Edmonds, Mr. Pelz, Mr. Ferguson, Mr. Gossett, Ms. Patterson and Mr. Constantine No: 4 -Ms. Lambert, Mr. McKenna, Mr. Hammond and Mr. Irons Excused: 2 -Mr. von Reichbauer and Ms. Hague KING COUNTY COUNCIL KING COUNTY, WASHINGTON APPROVED this 29th day of September, 2004. Attachments A. 2004 King County Comprehensive Plan, Metropolitan King Cmmty Council, Adopted September 27, 2004, B. King County Comprehensive Pian 2004, Technical Appendix A Capital Facilities, Adopted September 27, 2004, C. King County Comprehensive Plan, Technical Appendix B Housing, Adopted September 27, 2004, D. King County Comprehensive Plan 2004 Technical Appendix C Transportation, Adopted September 27, 2004, E. King County Comprehensive Pian 2004, Technical Appendix D Growth Targets and the Urban Growth Area, Adopted September 27, 2004, F. Map Amendments, Adopted September 27, 2004 0-18 SE 144TH STREET LEVEL 3 DOWNSTREAM DRAINAGE ANALYSIS Prepared for: Mr. Dave Petrie 8 I t S( . 2 /31, l r:t . Des 1v101,1es. WA 98 198 KBS Development l)J?ONE:.8tl1St1f,etSuitt· 100 Be l lr>\·ll,' VV/\ '::18()05 Eagle Creek l a nd & Development, L LC 13/(ll Sf:-lr;·~,cl St f,<,,_..riJ Vi/\ 98(14? tJw 09 Preparecf bv: Ed McCartl1y P.E., P.S qqr) l 1 t I · i\\.e1111t: SE Pu di ·11. W.1\ ~J80:)9 l, I I l ) ) 1 2 i' J ~.l / Jtl ~c1, 1 ·l >1.)1 > i I 3,IJ2 ltHlP 15. 2007 SE 144TH STREET LEVEL 3 DOWNSTREAM DRAINAGE ANALYSIS SE 144TH STREET LEVEL 3 DOWNSTREAM DRAINAGE ANALYSIS SE 144TH STREET LEVEL 3 DOWNSTREAM DRAINAGE ANALYSIS SE 144TH STREET LEVEL 3 DOWNSTREAM DRAINAGE ANALYSIS SE 144TH STREET LEVEL 3 DOWNSTREAM DRAINAGE ANALYSIS SE 144TH STREET LEVEL. 3 DOWNSTREAM DRAINAGE ANALYSIS SE 144TH STREET LEVEL. 3 DOWNSTREAM DRAINAGE ANALYSIS Acknowledgements SE 1441h Street LEVEL 3 DOWNSTREAM DRAINAGE ANALYSIS Prepared by: Ed McCarthy, P.E., P.S. 9957 171" Avenue SE Renton, WA 98059 Tel. (425) 271-5734 Fax (425) 271-3432 Prepared for: Mr. Dave Petrie 811 So. 273rd Ct Des Moines, WA 98198 KBS Development 12320 NE 8th Street Suite 100 Bellevue WA 98005 Eagle Creek Land & Development, LLC 13701 SE 253rd St Kent, WA 98042 June 16, 2007 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. Background Information ............................................................................................. 1-1 2. Hydrologic and Hydraulic Analysis of SE 144th Street.. ............................................ 2-1 3. Drainage Mitigation Options ...................................................................................... 3-1 4. Key Results and Recommendations ............................................................................ 4-1 5. References ................................................................................................................... 5-1 LIST OF TABLES Table 1. Contributing Basins .......................................................................................... 2-4 Table 2. Peak Flow Rates at Key Locations ................................................................... 2-8 LIST OF FIGURES Figure I. Vicinity Map .................................................................................................... 1-2 Figure 2. Study Area ....................................................................................................... 2-2 Figure 3. Soils Map ......................................................................................................... 2-3 Figure 4. Basin Map ........................................................................................................ 2-6 Figure 5. SE 144th Street Conveyance System ............................................................... 2-9 Figure 6. Offsite Mitigation Options .............................................................................. 3-2 APPENDICES Appendix A. Photographs of the Downstream System Appendix B. KCRTS Documentation for Contributing Basins Appendix B. l KCRTS Time Series Calculations Appendix B.2 KCRTS Pond Designs Appendix B.3 KCRTS Peak Flow Rates Appendix C. XP-SWMM Model Results Appendix D. HEC-RAS Analysis of Roadway Conveyance ii 1. BACKGROUND INFORMATION This report provides an assessment of the conveyance system along SE 144th Street in the Renton Highlands area of King County, Washington (Figure I). The study area is located within a catchment of Orting Hill subbasin (Tributary 0307) of the Cedar River watershed (King County Department of Natural Resources, 1993 and 1997). The conveyance system has a contributing drainage area of 253 acres. The conveyance route is downstream from three proposed single- family residential developments that are currently under drainage review at King County DOES. These developments include Threadgill Plat, Liberty Gardens, and Cavella. This Level 3 Downstream Drainage Analysis has been prepared at the request of DOES. Flooding currently occurs at locations along the SE 144th Street conveyance system. Flooding has been observed at the intersection of the 162nd Avenue right-of-way and SE 144th Street (Photo No. 1 in Appendix A). In addition, King County Roads Division has recently constructed conveyance improvements at the intersection of l 60'h Avenue SE and SE 144th Street, presumably to collect overflow from surrounding catch basins. While the conveyance system is apparently undersized for its contributing basin, there is a surprisingly little documentation in King County's records that flooding exists or has occurred in the past along SE 144th Street. Neither the long-time owner of Alpine Nursery nor an original resident at Carol wood, that I interviewed, had observed road flooding along SE l 44'h Street over the past several years. The evaluations presented in this report are intended accomplish the following: • Delineate the conveyance network's contributing basins and quantify the flow rates draining to the conveyance network. • Estimate the conveyance capacity of the system, including the 18-inch diameter pipe, northerly roadside ditch, and roadway. • Identify areas of flooding. • Develop conceptual drainage solutions to mitigate impacts from the proposed and future development projects. 1-1 SE J 4,(h Street-June 2007 \ \ \ \ D \ \ \,__) § 'l:, 0 0 Vicinity Map SE 144th Street Drainage Analysis King County, Washington w (/) Q) > <{ SE 144th St / \ a C) /~ 0 0 2,000 .__ ___ ____. Feet 0 ~ \ \ \ 0 ' \J \~ \ \ Ed McCarthy, PE, PS 9957 171st Averue SE Renton, Washington 98059 Phone: (425) 271-5734 Fax (425) 27 1-3432 ~ \ r: J a G OD l'roj No "'" 6/15/07 Figure 1 2. HYDROLOGIC AND HYDRAULIC ANALYSIS OF SE 144TH STREET 2.1 Contributing Basins In effort to develop a hydro logic model of the basins contributing to the conveyance system along SE 144th Street, basin boundaries were delineated using the following resources: • City of Renton aerial topography (I-meter contours) • Level I Downstream Drainage Analysis for lbreadgill Plat (Baima & Holmberg, Inc. and Ed McCarthy, PE, PS. November 18, 2005) • Level 1 Downstream Drainage Analysis for Evendell Plat (Haozous Engineering, June 15, 2001) • Technical Information Report for Hamilton Place (Barghausen Consulting Engineers, June 2003) • Technical Information Report for Evendell Plat (Haozous Engineering, June 15, 2001) • Technical Information Report for Nichol's Plat (Haozous Engineering, May 2003) • Technical Information Report for Liberty Grove (Daley-Morrow-Poblete, Inc., February 2003) • Record drawings for stormwater design for Carolwood (May 1977) • Record drawings for stormwater design for Liberty Lane (Doneshvar and Associates, PS, June 13, 1979) • Record drawings for SE 144th Street (King County Department of Public Works, January 18, 1984) • Record drawings for l 54'h Place SE Slope Stabilization Project (King County Department of Public Works, June 23, 1997) • Field verification of key locations in the watershed The study area under consideration is shown in Figure 2. Cover types within the study area include those associated with relatively dense single-family residences, forest, and pasture. Soils in the watershed are mostly of the Alderwood series (Figure 3). However, a band of outwash soils (Everett series) exists along SE 144 1h Street, at the southern boundary of the study basin and extends to the south. In total, an area of 253 acres was calculated to drain to the conveyance system (Table I). Based on cover type estimates, about 25 percent of the contributing area is effective impervious surfaces. The size and boundaries of the delineated subbasins draining to the conveyance system 2-1 SE l4¢hStreet-June2007 Study Area SE 144th Street Drainage Analysis () 400 .__ ____ _. Feet King County, Washington Ed McCarthy, PE, PS 9957 171st Avenue SE Re nton, Wash ington 98059 Ph one: (425) 271-5734 Fax : (425) 271-3432 Date : 6 /15/07 Figure 2 Table 1. Contributing Basins Basin Till Till Till Outwash Outwash Outwash ID Forest Pasture Grass Forest Pasture Grass Impervious Total AC AC AC AC AC AC AC AC JO -0.16 0.29 0.08 0.53 20 -0.30 1.05 0.51 1.86 30 -0.31 0.91 0.41 1.62 40 0.26 0.30 0.56 42 -0.03 0.96 0.67 1.66 44 0.99 0.99 50 0.51 0.51 52 -0.01 0.80 -0.01 0.80 1.15 2.77 54 0.03 0.03 0.83 0.04 0.04 1.24 1.44 3.64 60 0.52 0.52 70 -0.51 1.70 -0.34 1.13 1.34 5.04 80 5.28 0.12 4.35 0.59 0.01 0.48 3.40 14.23 90 0.40 0.40 JOO 0.45 0.33 0.61 0.17 1.56 106 2.50 0.12 3.34 0.12 3.34 4.64 14.05 110 6.43 12.24 12.33 7.10 38.10 120 0.58 1.00 1.58 130 2.49 7.12 5.80 1.58 16.99 200 4.45 0.14 1.79 1.18 7.56 210 3.31 1.70 4.60 2.93 12.55 220 1.56 1.90 3.46 230 3.95 5.71 9.66 232 1.38 ---1.38 240 3.65 4.48 8. 13 241 0.23 2.99 3.68 6.90 244 0.71 1 I .46 10.75 4.68 27.60 250 -0.17 4.66 3.23 8.06 260 2.33 1.74 4.07 270 --2.22 1.60 3.82 300 9.47 1.73 4.13 1.56 16.89 304 2.12 1.36 5.73 3.74 12.95 306 1.25 0.15 0.28 0.08 1.75 310 9.32 ---9.32 320 8.92 0.18 0.33 0.09 9.52 330 1.37 0.34 0.62 0.17 2.50 59.71 42.22 75.40 0.63 1.32 10.47 62.98 252.73 Effective Impervious = 25% 2-4 SE 14.fn Street-June 2007 were driven by the locations of catch points and the watershed's topography. A total of35 subbasins were delineated (Figure 4). Recent higher density single-family developments contributing to the conveyance system include Hamilton Place (Catchment C-260), Evendell Plat (Catchment C-230), Nichols Place (Catchment C-220), and Liberty Grove (Catchments C-240 and 241 ). The attenuation provided by the stormwater ponds for these developments was included in the hydrologic model of the basin. In addition, the stormwater pond for Carolwood (Catchment C-106) infiltrates runoff for at least up to the 100-year event. Record drawings were also obtained for Serena Park (Catchments C-70 and C-80) and for Liberty Lane (Catchment C-330) but these older pipe detention systems from the late 1970's do not provide substantial detention volume and were not included in the hydrology model of the basin. Record drawings for the conveyance system along SE 1441 h Street (King County Department of Public Works, January 18, 1984) were found to be accurate when checked against field observations and a recent field survey. The drawings show that tbe 18-inch diameter CMP is perforated in the upper half of the pipe. According to the plans, the pipe is set in a gravel bed to allow infiltration. This design encourages infiltration and groundwater recharge by taking advantage of the relatively flat pipe slope and surrounding outwash soils. While this pipe configuration provides baseflow benefits to down gradient tributaries of the Cedar River, the perforations do not provide much flood relief during large flows. Assuming a reasonable infiltration rate of 10 inches per hour, and a 42-inch wide infiltration surface that extends from 162"d Avenue SE to 1561h Avenue SE, the rate of water infiltrating from the pipe to the native soil would be roughly 1.5 cubic foot per second. This rate is small relative to the predicted 100- year flow rate of almost 40 cubic feet per second. While the infiltration component of the conveyance system has been noted, it was not included in the hydraulic model of the system. 2.2 Hydrology Assessment of Contributing Basins The hydrologic model KCRTS was used to develop runoff time series for each of the basins contributing to the SE 1441h Street Conveyance system (Appendix B.l). The reduced I-hour KCRTS time series data set was used for the Seatac rainfall region with a correction factor of 1.0. The I-hour time series is appropriate for the modeling conducted because flows from a sizeable portion of the basin are routed through detention ponds. In addition, the KCRTS modeling methodology neglects attenuation that occurs when time series are routed through the watershed. Time series routing through stormwater ponds was conducted to characterize the attenuation provided by some of the more significant storage areas in the basin, including the stormwater detention system for Hamilton Place (Catchment C-260), Evendell Plat (Catchment C-230), Nichols Place (Catchment C-220), and Liberty Grove (Catchments C-240 and 241 ). In addition, the infiltration stormwater pond for Carolwood was assumed to infiltrate all runoff from 2-5 SE 14.fh Street-June 2007 ', , ... Basin Map SE 144th Street Drainage Analysis King County, Washington -Sit f Sth-S1re_et 1 I I I I •, I Hamilton Place Legend D R/D :---·-·1 L _____ J 0 D Basin Boundary Type 2 CB Type 1 CB Pipe/Culvert Basin ID / / / ·:o ~ I I-- I I' _j . ./. -LL...~I : -~- -. -, C-250 I : I ~ - ·I ,-. I I , .. Liberty Grove r-·-1----""l""'----·-·1- /1 . D Liberty Grove '\ 1 !' : • I ;-j _ . / __ _._-;..-.;_-.,~ 'Nichol's P,lace · , ~... /- 1 C-220 10--- , I Cave11a .,...--....:-£.-- 20 . \ \ . --.\-\ ~----·-----~ ,,_ \-- -. ., \, \.~ \ .. , ... 1w l \ \ ~ i~.I C-210 I\ ···,. i ~ \ • I<( • -· ·-\ '··. J '"··J \ L I -.__ \ ' , -- 1 .... 1 ........ \ r-... Lieerty Gar.dens ···, 1(01 •, I '• "~, \ -- \ i . ~· - . -r-·---::.--:---_-- i I ,-· 10 1 ·,. ~ , . ,----,..... \ \ \ C-80 .... .,, 1 -_.-. ,,,.--------..:.l_.J...i --1~--l...c----~'-\ ·-·· -.· '\ '\ j ~ -1. ' .. '.'.:_::;,-c,. =.t1 ~-~---·-----J_l_ ---r-·-r ---\ . _ C8f01WOO ~---1 i _ ; ~ _, ·C-1~6 I : () 400 ~---~I Feet I / l I l. I k. i ; t !--I / ,._---==-:\ -I '-., ·. ll~ y I ! (l 1 ·.., .. -·-····. --·f I ~ 11 .! d ~ -· I I _J ,/l ____ J, ! /1 I I ;' ,_. l , 25-YR 1 = 19 .08 CFS r 1;~'--l,. 1 · --1 t -- 100-YR= 24 .66 CFS : '.. --~--L2:t~:~:J lt. _ _ -==::j_-_ - ---1 I C-60 -"' j ·--C-90 : --I ·-..--L__c .,_ --,.. -, -_ -::I -=I ---_ -. --, Ed McCarthy, PE, PS Date: 6/15/07 9957 171 st Ave nue SE Renton, Washington 98059 Phone: (425 ) 271-5734 Fax : (425) 27 1-3432 Figure 4 Catchment C-106. The stage-storage relationships for these stormwater ponds are listed in Appendix B.2. Peak flow rates for the 25-year and l 00-year return periods at key locations in the watershed and along SE 144th Street are shown in Figure 4. The peak rates associated with the 2-, 10-, 25-, and 100-year return periods at these same locations are listed in Table 2. The major inflow points to the SE 144th Street conveyance system are at the intersections of 162nd A venue SE and 156th Avenue SE. A total 100-year flow rate of39.72 cubic feet per second was predicted to flow to SE 144th Street from contributing basins. 2.3 Hydraulic Analysis of Conveyance System The conveyance system along SE 144th Street consists primarily of an 18-inch diameter CMP located along the south side of the road. A ditch and culvert system is located on the north side of the road. The ditch and culvert system is not continuous along the entire length of SE l 44'h Street. Rather, it is broken up by segments of road with no conveyance on the north side of the road. The northerly ditch and culverts are connected to the 18-inch diameter storm pipe by 12- inch diameter cross culverts at four locations along the conveyance route. At l 56'h Avenue SE (CB-6), the diameter of the pipe system increase to 24 inches. From CB 6, the pipe system continues west in the unimproved SE 144th Street right-of-way. At CB 1, the pipe is conveyed down a steep embankment to 154 1h Place SE and then to an HDPE tightline down the steep ravine slope to Tributary 0307 (King County Department of Public Works, June 23, 1997). A detailed field survey of the entire pipe and ditch network, including several road sections, was conducted by Barghausen Consulting Engineers (June 2007). These data were used to construct the XP-Storm and HEC-RAS models described below. The hydraulic model XP-Storm (Version 9) was used to evaluate the 18-inch diameter pipe conveyance system along the south side of SE 1441h Street. The EXTRAN layer of the model was utilized, basing hydrologic inputs on flow rates predicted by KCRTS. The XP-Storm Hydraulics engine solves the complete St. Venant dynamic flow equations for gradually varied, one dimensional, unsteady flow throughout the drainage network. The calculation accurately models backwater effects, flow reversal, surcharging, and pressure flow. The model allows for looped networks, multiple outfalls and accounts for storage in conduits. The XP-Storm model accounts for pipe friction losses and pipe entrance and exit losses. A Manning's roughness coefficient of0.024 was assumed in the modeling for CMP and a value of 0.012 was assumed for concrete and plastic pipe. An entrance coefficient of 0.5 and an exit coefficient of 1 .0 were used at catch basin junction. XP-Storm modeling results for the 25-year peak flow rate for the conveyance pipe along SE 144 1h Street is provided in Appendix C. 2-7 SE 14¢1' Street June 2007 Table 2. Peak Flow Rates at Key Locations Location Return Period (Years) 2-Yr (CFS) 10-Yr (CFSl 25-Yr (CFS) 100-Yr (CFSl CB-18A 9.86 15.70 19.08 24.66 160th Ave SE 11.23 17.65 21.31 27.42 CB-5 11.72 18.37 22.23 28.52 CB-4C 4.25 6.86 8.36 10.86 CB-4 16.09 25.43 30.85 39.72 The hydraulic model HEC-RAS was used to model the roadway surface and ditch conveyance under flood conditions for the 100-year peak flow rate. The 100-ycar peak rate assumes that 5 cubic feet per second is conveyed in the 18-inch diameter storm pipe along the south side of the road. The remainder of the flow is assumed to be conveyed in the roadway and roadside ditch. The roadway conveyance capacity was evaluated from CB-I IA (HEC-RAS Sta 0+00) to the intersection of 162"d Avenue SE (HEC-RAS Sta 10+10). HEC-RAS analysis of the roadwal conveyance system for the I 00-year peak rate indicates that the ditch system between 162" Avenue SE and 160'h Avenue SE has adequate capacity to convey the I 00-year peak rate. However, driveway culverts along this reach would be overtopped. In addition, the HEC-RAS model predicted that flow depths would be up to 0.7-foot deep over driveways. HEC-RAS results are presented in Appendix D. Roadway flooding along SE 144th Street would be considered as "severe roadway flooding problem" according to King County standards (King County Department of Natural Resources, January 2005) due to the following conditions: • Between the intersection of l 62"d A venue SE and l 60'h A venue SE driveway culverts along the ditch on the north side of SE l 44'h Street would become overtopped, posing a threat of unsafe access due to indiscernible driveway edges. • Floodwater over the driveways on the north side of SE 144th Street between 1601h Avenue SE and CB-1 IA would be deeper than 0.5 foot, posing a severe impediment to emergency vehicle access. 2.4 Flooding Locations and Flood Flow Paths Flows with return periods of 2 to 5 years likely surcharge the 18-inch diameter pipe system. Flows were predicted to leave the pipe and ditch drainage system at a number of locations including CB-4C, CB-JOA, CB14A, CB-15A, CB-ISA-I, and CB-18A. Between the intersection of l 62"d A venue SE and 160 1h A venue SE, overflow from the catch basins is conveyed to the west in the roadside ditch on the north side of the road. From the intersection at 1601h Avenue SE, overflow from the catch basins is conveyed to the west mainly along the north side of the road. Flooding covers the north half of the north travel lane at locations near CB-I IA. From CB- I I A, floodwater is conveyed further west in the north travel lane until it reaches a low lying area located north ofCB-9A. Depending upon the magnitude of flows, the floodwater either 2-8 SE 14¢h Street-June 2007 ~ ,,L \ I ,I "- J... -~ ---~ X X 't \ ,-' 1\ ' ~ j ! Legend ·i : f--', I I D RID \: I .• ; ! -' 1l ·---\ r-· 1 Basin Boundary ~-\ i ... l _________ : '1 ~ Flood Flow Path t 1 '. i Type 2 CB ...... ' : 0 D Type 1 CB ~ 12_ 18" Pipe/Culvert , 24" Pipe/Culvert I C-10 I Basin ID ---... ~::,i,#--~ ;~- I.-"' -•• l I ,, I . ~--= -'i ! ,J-~ --I . -"'-"' 1 "-~-:-i \ w Cf) <1) > <( ~ (0 l[) ""i i "'""" I i 1 I '-- ~ ---·r r I ! I . - l !,.•---- . l . ~ ! - -. __. ----~- I I w Cf). (I) > <( £ O • CD I \ \ \ \ \ - \ \ \_ \ \ \ \--- \ \\ \\ I C-300 I f ""--~ i I C-210 I , -··- ' \ \ \ \ \ \ \., .._ \ ·, •. \ .\ \ \_ \ \\ \ I I t ··., ·,. --, ... ,_ '1,J 1,. __ ! \\_ I \ __ ' \ . \ <('-~--==-=- ( ...... ./ \, X X ~ \, ·/' ,,.~-\ fi _______ / __ _J_ -, l \. ,q .. -...-,·-·-----· ·-··· I l ( I l ( / j /1 I ' _j .,, /, I /;: / !/ -I ,'/ I I;· ;,. I -1 ·1 ,l1 ! !_1 I '1(:: ///. 1-_, · I Ii/ / /,If' / II' ,,.,, 11 1.\\ I (Ii /,1~111 /// z ', I 11 \ /I' / / .,~~ ,...,,.... X ., '• \ 'x-..... \ \) I 1···-· .,i' i ' : ! ! ; CIB-4B ~ j ' . (,\ I ' I i i I : --, · CB-4 C -- ·-i ~ l i \ \&);))(// l _, ~ \ ~ C6-4A -,---- DJ T i J C -106 1 Likely Flood Area and Flowpath ', S.= ! •. C B-1 CB-2 \ j C B-3 i j rr~:=__~=-=-~:-=--------·==--·----==···\ -+-! CB-5 X ·,I< ',( --4,· , ,. 1' " ," C B-4 \ ~\-cs-6 -·C B-; CB~Sf : , \, I• -··1 -, \ I X I ,_..;:-_____ ---l---------·-·-,------,·-·· I I_ i ~ --~ I ' ' ,/ "' t--c B-:tl ~--------:--C ~ 1 0. I Q 7 -~ ~---~ 20 I ·, I • > ~-~ (( {\ ~ll X '-, -;·-·· 1-t --, f x· \1 ' I \ I (\ '· /-, ' ) \ ( ~ I " \ -1 \ ' \ \ I --'<z:-:-~ '<. \ \ • j1 \ I ::::_ -:-:: -.,I--. ,, '\ I ~ ( ~ 1 ' I \ , J--.. .J . ! \ ~ ', ~--It I\\ I I :,;, . i-\~ - !' ~J \ - 1~--~' X \ i .. f \ '. r ·' I ; I _}t , ;.,? ,,.-- ; I /' I /• / ' . . ,_,-I I l X s E. t42nc1 P; _------,= -----., ' ~- --~-...... '1 I , I '·l I '· t /1· -,) . ' ' .._. i , I I / / I \\ ( I I l)/ I I \ \, ;, (r'r" l. -~ l t0. , ...J --- I C-54 1 \I ·\ '1 I \ '· \ \ : ' i ' ·' ! / I X I J I I • ( ., -'·~,·l i I I c200 /I I,-, ; t / / / / _/ \ ! _i _i i ,• I --=--c-..;.-;a_.-==--T~- ~B-~ X /I ~B~~~: • . / r> ; \ I \ / - •/ 4 I '\__, "' --_.,-i .: / ' i< ~-> i/ ( "";>' ,, l X ' ' . ,, ·: \ \ \ / \ \ I I '-' I -' f 'i ·~ / ''\ l r--- ~ LO ~ co 2 ~ LO ~ :, C> LL ..-N "''"' ~ :1 ...... NN ~~ NN ~~ iv C: -- 0 " ii: if ~ 0 UJ <X) en a, 2! "'C: .ic ~ -"' f!_ ?;_ ~ C: ... _g .,., C: 8l ~ -Q) Q) LL 0 0 N () E -~ Cl) en -.z:. II) cu >, C (JJ <( Cl) ~ (.) cu C: -~ ca ~ >-o Q) > C: 0 (.) Q) • Q) -.._ en u5 .s:: ..c. -..... 3~ ""'" UJ w Cf) (JJ C 0 Ol C ..c. en cu ~ ;:;, C :::, 0 u O> C ~ infiltrates at this location outside the road right-of-way or continues to flow to the Carolwood infiltration pond. Flows larger than approximately IO to 15 cubic feet per second likely do not reach beyond CB 5 (located at the intersection of 160 1 h Avenue SE and SE 1441 h Street), within either the pipe or roadway. 2-10 SE J 4,th Street -June. 2007 3. DRAINAGE MITIGATION OPTIONS The following four concepts were developed to mitigate for the proposed developments' impacts of downstream flooding: • Providing onsite detention to King County Level 3 flow control standards • Providing offsite conveyance system upgrades (Offsite Option 1) • Providing offsite conveyance system upgrades and infiltration (Offsite Option 2) • Providing offsite conveyance system upgrades and infiltration by implementing bioretention (Offsite Option 3) 3.1 Onsite Level 3 Detention Level 2 stormwatcr detention standards are required for the Threadgill, Liberty Gardens, and Cavella developments. When downstream severe roadway flooding is of concern, Level 3 stormwater detention standards are often included in the drainage design for new development as a stormwater mitigation. Providing this type of mitigation has been used with success on several projects in King County. Level 3 detention standards would likely adequately mitigate the impacts of flooding from the proposed projects on downstream flooding. Adequately mitigating the flooding problem, at minimum, requires that runoff from the projects not aggravate the existing level or duration of flooding nor create new flooding. Adopting this strategy as a mitigation has several advantages that appeal to developers. Because the mitigation is entirely onsite, the developer has control of its design and implementation. No easements, consents, or coordination with downstream property owners is required. The mitigation is typically easy to implement because it is simply a matter of enlarging the already proposed Level 2 stormwatcr facility. This type of mitigation particularly makes sense where the proposed development is small relative to the surrounding basin and the required downstream upgrades are either logistically difficult or overly expensive to implement. The main disadvantage to providing Level 3 detention as a flooding mitigation is that while existing problems are typically not aggravated, the problems are not solved either. 3.2 Offsite Conveyance Improvements Offsitc mitigation Option 1 would include improving the conveyance system along the north side of SE l 44'h Street (Figure 6). Between 162nd Avenue SE and l 60'h Avenue SE this would entail upsizing driveway culverts and re-grading and cleaning open sections of the existing roadside ditch. From l 60'h Avenue SE to 156th Avenue SE, a distance of about 1,300 feet, an 18-inch diameter storm pipe would be constructed to increase conveyance capacity. 3-1 SE 14,f" Street-June 2007 Option 1 -Conveyance B-4B L,r-LJ CB-4C · w If) (1) :::i CB-4A Q ~, >" <( .c <D CB-3 l!_, CB-5 _ . -, --·· v CB-1 CB-2 -~ ' --·--·-1 18" Conveyance i Pipe I Y ;:,-,, / if-------- .. CB-110 CB-15A , Ditc h/C ulvert Upgrades i i 'W i /(I) . : (1) / ! :::i : 'C / I (1). . : >. / . J<( . / '-0 / ! C .-,,· :N ./ . r · r j ~ I CB-4 CB-6 CB-7 CS:-8 CB~9 CB-1 0 c ~ . c1511c c§\~.15A~ _ / ~ ' -~ . s;: ~? -. "L_ -· ' 'I Cr ,:J D {_ .. -. -L ~ /, .. CB-1 1 CB-12 :cB-13 CB-14 CB-1 5 '' . _ c~::4s :[o-CB-4 8 I I Option 2 -Conveyance/Infiltration \ CB-1 CB-2 ·r·, ____ ·_,_ '. ·, .,- '"' ' . " ' \'\. -- \ \ CB-3 ; _______ J ·---- '· r·----! __ L C B-i ! ___ ,"- j CB-~- I j CB-6; I . ' I L __ 12" Overflow Pipe ---l 1CB-7 : CB=-s -----·- ! r I i --·-------! C-B-Si" -----cS:.1 O ' 1·· ; ·~· ·-· ---i i '' /CB-11 ·---·- L. --- ' I , I . '1-8" Conveyance : J Pipe I , i, I !I CBt 12 i ' ~B-110 , _ __ ce -1-1g &,; !CB-1r C~-14 t ;-1] I I i I ! I I I : i i J I • I t-· ---------1 ----~ -_· --= CB-16 SE 144t h St , CB-17 CB-18 CB-16 D itch/C ulve rt Upg rades "---Cl= -- ! 'jw :(I) l (l) ::::i j c ,(1) / ·> .· I <( / iu / ·C / 'N .· r~; SE 144th St ·c B-17 iCB-18 I / r --. -··-· 1'---,. / ·,._ -~===,.-,-,. _______ ---;if -- I ' //j ·--, ___ I ' ! ..... __ l CB-19 I i i ; cfo -19 ' / l ' ' --,----,1 ' I ' I ' ! '-, __ _,-, -----I ----~· ;-(-i ' 1-------1-11 i . i I !I. ! ! I I ·-------I ' \ ',, __ I •. -I I I I I I i ' / i , \ '. I / 'I l l I I ' .. . I ' I . t t · -· -. I ' . / ' ' ' I Option 3 -81ore en ion l-4B : -es-:4e-_______ l_ ____ c._ 1___ ) --___ i __ __L ____ :_ -·--·< / ! : , : \ 1 ~ • I/ / I I r __ -J IJ -. -1----------· . --·I;,--· -------,----1---·-r -··-fl --':-,::, _-_-·_-__ ii I -·-··----L . -" ',\' ~·-·-· a // i \ i i \ i I f · f I ; I<;:' Bi o rete ntion , 8" D ia. , : / I '\ _. r I I I I. .., I CB-4A · ;,I Ce lls • Nalive Pla n ls _.. Fulverts I. _ 1 .. ~ L __ __ -~--__ _ ~ __ _ 1 I, I I «>r--··-r1 a nd Overflow , -------r 1 , I I I -- ' .;/ ' ' I I \ ! ~[-_1 _____ c~s -2 ____ ce~-I ___ 1~j ce J.. I . • I I t~-)6D · . :~--- ,------.---~- C B~ cs7 -Jc~ C~:s-· -'\ CB-1 6 -----' I I ! I I \~\ ·---------\ -------r ' ' I ' ' -t \\ \ \,\ ' )_. --. ' --\'·~-,. \ I j I ----c '> r -1 __ _[_1 __ .J -~i _ ~,,. 1' ' ', __ ,,_. \~ ' ' '~-'~-}:\ . \ \, ' .,,,-"\ :-ij-:::,,;,; ' ' \.}: "-: . .,---·1 --. ·-1-~ -·~---- l'CB-17 iCB-1 8 1 ri'B-19 I 1 1 1 . , r 1 I I I / f --·--I., t ; / ·~ \. ~--'\' ,-... a ~ <D 2 ('J 0 0 0 N (.0 (1) ... :J .!? LL ~~ ti:>~ ;::. ;::. N N Co~ """' ~~ ~ X tE. .:J'. $ 0 LJ.J"' "' 0, ~i <lJ" ~~ E~ ,-... --" ,-... 2 ffi & ...... Q.) Q.) LL [ 1/) -~ C: >, 0 ro •-C -<( C a. (1) .B 0 gi Ol C C: -~ i: 0 ~ If) ro ·-0 s ..... C't'I ii, .2> C :::i ..... -0 ·-(1) :: i 0 Ol (1) (f) C ..... .c ::Z ·--1/) "q" ~ :! o w (/) Similar to the pipe system on the south side of the road, the possibility of including sections of perforated pipe embedded in drain rock on the north side of the road should be investigated. Issues such as the impact of infiltrated water on the structural integrity of the road base and surrounding properties should be evaluated by a geotechnical engineer. 3.3 Offsite Conveyance Improvements/Infiltration As with Option 1, offsite mitigation Option 2 would include improving the conveyance system along the north side of SE 144th Street. Between 162"<l Avenue SE and 160th Avenue SE this would entail upsizing driveway culverts and re-grading and cleaning open sections of the existing roadside ditch. From 160'h Avenue SE, an 18-inch diameter storm pipe would be constructed to convey stormwater to an infiltration pond located about 600 feet west of l 60'h Avenue SE. An overflow structure from the pond would tic into the existing 18-inch diameter storm pipe on the south side of SE 144th Street. The proposed location of the infiltration pond is a large lot with a smaller single-family residential structure on it. The lot could perhaps be subdivided with the vacant tract being purchased by the County. The pond site is likely within the current flood flow path of larger storms (Figure 5). The infiltration characteristics of the pond site are likely favorable, as has been noted with the successful operation of the pond at Carolwood for several years. The infiltration pond would take advantage of the high infiltration rates of the underlying outwash soils and would reduce the flow rates to the storm pipe downstream from the pond. Environmental benefits of the system would include improving water quality and increasing groundwater recharge to the benefit of down gradient tributaries of the Cedar River. 3.4 Bioretention along SE 144th Street Offsite mitigation Option 3 would entail constructing bioretention swales within the right-of-way along the north side of SE 144th Street (Figure 6). Bioretention is a commonly applied low impact development (LID) strategy that has also been used with great success in improving roadway drainage in established neighborhoods. Seattle's Soft Edge Alternative streets (SEA- streets) have been shown to substantially reduce stormwater runoff and improve neighborhood aesthetics. To manage stormwater runoff along SE 144'h Street, a series ofbioretention cells would be constructed in place of the existing northerly ditch and culvert system. Each bioretention system would be configured with an engineered soil media, a gravel infiltration trench, an overflow control, and a conveyance pipe/driveway culvert linking the cells together. In addition, each cell would be landscape with native plants. The bioretention cells would take advantage of the high infiltration rates of the underlying outwash soils and would also increase conveyance capacity for higher flow rates. Environmental benefits of the system would include improving water quality and increasing groundwater 3-3 SE J 4.(h Street-June 2007 recharge to the benefit of down gradient tributaries of the Cedar River. In addition, the bioretention cells would improve the aesthetics of the neighborhood and also provide shade. Disadvantages of the bioretention system would include disrupting existing landscaping of property owners and reducing street parking. 3-4 SE 14¢1' Streer June 2007 4. KEY RESULTS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 4.1 Key Results The following conclusions can be drawn based on the hydrologic and hydraulic analysis conducted for the conveyance system along SE 144 th Street presented in the preceding sections of this report: • The three proposed developments (Threadgill Plat, Liberty Gardens, and Cavella) collectively represent IO percent of the study area basin. • While calculations presented in this report suggest that the conveyance system along SE 144th Street is undersized, there are no drainage complaints on record that support this. Physical evidence of flooding has been documented at the intersection of 162nd Avenue SE and SE 144 1h. Drainage improvements have also recently been constructed by King County Roads Division at the intersection of 1601h Avenue SE and SE 1441h Street, likely in attempt to collect overflow from the catch basins at that location. • The 18-inch diameter pipe along SE 144 1 h Street has a capacity of 4 to 6 cubic feet per second. The roadway and ditch system along the north side of the road convey the majority of higher flows. • HEC-RAS analysis of the roadway conveyance system for the 100-year peak rate indicates that the ditch system between 162nd Avenue SE and 160 1h Avenue SE has adequate capacity to convey the I 00-year peak rate. However, driveway culverts along this reach would be overtopped. • Flows with return periods of2 to 5 years likely surcharge the 18-inch diameter pipe system and flood the intersection of 1601 h Avenue SE and SE 1441h Street. Overflow from the catch basins is likely conveyed in the roadway until it reaches a low lying area located north of CB 9. Depending upon the magnitude of flows, the floodwater either infiltrates at this location outside the road right-of-way or continues to flow to the Carolwood infiltration pond. • Four flood mitigation concepts were presented and discussed including increased onsite detention and three offsite mitigation options. 4.2 Recommendations Any one of the four proposed drainage mitigations would adequately meet the intent of the King County Surface Water Design Manual (January 2005) Core Requirements. Offsite mitigation Options 2 and 3 would provide the most benefit to the downstream system in terms of stormwater management and environmental advantages. While onsite stormwater mitigation would perhaps the easiest and least expensive option to implement, the downstream flooding problem would not be solved. 4-1 SE I 44"' Street-June 2007 Implementing the offsite mitigations would require King County's leadership, and even ownership of the project. This would be especially true for offsite Options 2 and 3, where a vacant parcel would need to be acquired (for Option 2) or the right-of-way would need to be substantially re-graded (for Option 3). For any of the offsite options to be adopted, the County would need to see value in solving drainage problems along SE 1441h Street and in the environmental benefits provided by these designs. Providing bioretention through SEA-streets and the like, to solve existing and potential future drainage problems, should be a consideration for the County. To my knowledge, the County has not implemented a project similar to Option 3, and this would be a suitably-scaled pilot project. For these offsite options to be implemented, each developer would likely make a fair and reasonable contribution to the project. The County would be responsible for designing and implementing the project. 4-2 SE 144"'Street-June2007 5. REFERENCES Baima & Holmberg, Inc. and Ed McCarthy, PE, PS. November 18, 2005. Level 1 Downstream Drainage Analysis for Threadgill Plat. Issaquah, Wash. Barghausen Consulting Engineers, June 2003. Hamilton Place -Technical Information Report. Kent, Wash. Daley-Morrow-Poblete, Inc., February 2003. Liberty Grove -Technical Information Report. French, Richard, H., 1985. Open-Channel Hydraulics. McGraw-Hill Book Company. New York. Haozous Engineering, PS. May 2003. Nichol's Place -Preliminary Technical Information Report. Mukilteo, Wash. Haozous Engineering, PS. June 15, 2001. Evendell Plat -Preliminary Technical Information Report. DOES File No. L98P0047. Renton, Wash. King County Department of Natural Resources, 1997. Lower Cedar River Basin and Nonpoint Pollution Action Plan. Seattle. King County Department of Natural Resources, 1993. Current & Future Conditions Report for the Cedar River. Seattle. King County Department of Parks, Planning, and Resources, 1990. Sensitive Areas Map Folio. Seattle. King Countr Department of Public Works, January 18, 1984. SE 144th Street-156'h Ave. SE to 1641 Pl SE. Sheets I -8. Seattle. King County Department of Public Works, June 23, 1997.1541h Place SE Slope Stabilization Project. Sheets I -13. Seattle. King County Department of Natural Resources, January 2005. King County Surface Water Design Manual. Seattle. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service, 1973. Soil Survey of King County Area, Washington. 5-1 SE I 44'n Street-June 2007 Appendices Appendix A. Photographs of the Downstream System Appendix B. KCRTS Documentation for Contributing Basins Appendix C. XP-SWMM Model Results Appendix D. HEC-RAS Analysis of Roadway Conveyance SE J 4,th Street-June 2007 Appendix A: Photos of the Downstream System T Photo Number 1 T Photo Number 2 Date of Photo: 1 -11-06 (Source: Dave Petric) Date of Photo: 1-21-06 (Source: Dave Petrie) Location: South of CB 18A, looking north. Description: Overflowing pond during height of rainstorm. Location: North of CB 18A , looking south. Description: Pond north of SE 144th Street within the 162 110 Water is flowing to the roadside ditch on the north side of SE 144 th Street. right-of-way during a light storm. Appendix B. KCRTS Documentation for Contributing Basins Appendix B.1 KCRTS Time Series Calculations Appendix B.2 KCRTS Pond Designs Appendix B.3 KCRTS Peak Flow Rates B-1 SE 14,(h Street-June 2007 Appendix 8.1. KCRTS Time Series Calculations KCRTS Command CREATE a new Time Series Production of Runoff Time Series Project Location: Sea-Tac Computing Series c-10.tsf Regional Scale Factor: 1.00 Data Type : Historic Creating Hourly Time Series File Outwash Pasture Outwash Grass Impervious Loading Time Series File:C:\KC SWDM\KC DATA\STOP60H.rnf 0.16 acres Loading Time Series File:C:\KC SWDM\KC DATA\STOG60H.rnf 0. 2 9 acres Loading Time Series File:C:\KC SWDM\KC DATA\STEI60H.rnf 0.08 acres Total Area 0.53 acres Peak Discharge: 0.071 CFS at 16:00 on Mar 3 in 1950 Storing Time Series File:c-10.tsf Time Series Computed KCRTS Command Enter the Analysis TOOLS Module Analysis Tools Corrunand Compute PEAKS and Flow Frequencies Flow Frequency Analysis Loading Stage/Discharge curve:c-10.tsf LogPearson III Coefficients Time Series File:c-10.tsf Project Location:Sea-Tac Mean~ -1.641 StdDev~ 0.141 Skew~ 1.196 Frequencies & Peaks saved to File:c-10.pks Analysis Tools Command Compute Flow DURATION and Exceedence Loading Time Series File:c-10.tsf Computing Interval Locations Computing Flow Durations Durations & Exceedence Probabilities to File:c-10.dur Analysis Tools Command RETURN to Previous Menu KCRTS Corrunand CREATE a new Time Series Production of Runoff Time Series B-2 SEJ4,t/'Street-June2007 Project Location: Sea-Tac Computing Series c-20.tsf Regional Scale Factor: 1.00 Data Type : Historic Creating Hourly Time Series File Outwash Pasture Outwash Grass Impervious Loading Time Series File:C:\KC SWDM\KC DATA\STOP60H.rnf 0.30 acres Loading Time Series File:C:\KC SWDM\KC DATA\STOG60H.rnf 1.05 acres Loading Time Series File:C:\KC SWDM\KC DATA\STEI60H.rnf 0.51 acres Total Area 1.86 acres Peak Discharge: 0.331 CFS at 16:00 on Mar 3 in 1950 Storing Time Series File:c-20.tsf Time Series Computed KCRTS Command Enter the Analysis TOOLS Module Analysis Tools Command Compute PEAKS and Flow Frequencies Flow Frequency Analysis Loading Stage/Discharge curve:c-20.tsf LogPearson III Coefficients Time Series File:c-20.tsf Project Location:Sea-Tac Mean= -0.857 StdDev= 0.119 Skew= 0. 941 Frequencies & Peaks saved to File:c-20.pks Analysis Tools Command Compute Flow DURATION and Exceedence Loading Time Series File:c-20.tsf Computing Interval Locations Computing Flow Durations Durations & Exceedence Probabilities to File:c-20.dur Analysis Tools Command RETURN to Previous Menu KCRTS Command CREATE a new Time Series Production of Runoff Time Series Project Location : Sea-Tac Computing Series c-30.tsf Regional Scale Factor : 1.00 Data Type : Historic Creating Hourly Time Series File Outwash Pasture Loading Time Series File:C:\KC SWDM\KC DATA\STOP60H.rnf 0.31 acres Loading Time Series File:C:\KC SWDM\KC DATA\STOG60H.rnf B-3 SE J 44'n Street-June 2007 Outwash Grass Impervious 0.91 acres Loading Time Series File:C:\KC SWDM\KC DATA\STEI60H.rnf 0. 41 acres Total Area 1.63 acres Peak Discharge: 0.276 CFS at 16:00 on Mar 3 in 1950 Storing Time Series File:c-30.tsf Time Series Computed KCRTS Command Enter the Analysis TOOLS Module Analysis Tools Command Compute PEAKS and Flow Frequencies Flow Frequency Analysis Time Series File:c-30.tsf Project Location:Sea-Tac Loading Stage/Discharge curve:c-30.tsf LogPearson III Coefficients Mean~ -0.949 StdDev~ 0.121 Skew~ 0.973 Frequencies & Peaks saved to File:c-30.pks Analysis Tools Command Compute Flow DURATION and Exceedence Loading Time Series File:c-30.tsf Computing Interval Locations Computing Flow Durations Durations & Exceedence Probabilities to File:c-30.dur Analysis Tools Command RETURN to Previous Menu KCRTS Command CREATE a new Time Series Production of Runoff Time Series Project ~ocation : Sea-Tac Computing Series c-40.tsf Regional Scale Factor: 1.00 Data Type : Historic Creat.ing Hourly Time Series File Loading Time Series File:C:\KC SWDM\KC DATA\STOG60H.rnf Outwash Grass 0.26 acres Impervious Loading Time Series File:C:\KC SWDM\KC DATA\STEI60H.rnf 0.30 acres Total Area 0.56 acres Peak Discharge: 0.145 CFS at 16:00 on Mar 3 in 1950 SE 14.f' Street-June 2007 Storing Time Series File:c-40.tsf Time Series Computed KCRTS Command B-4 Enter the Analysis TOOLS Module Analysis Tools Command Compute PEAKS and Flow Frequencies Flow Frequency Analysis Time Series File:c-40.tsf Project Location:Sea-Tac Loading Stage/Discharge curve:c-40.tsf LogPearson III Coefficients Mean~ -1.104 StdDev~ 0.105 Skew~ 0.664 Frequencies & Peaks saved to File:c-40.pks Analysis Tools Command Compute Flow DURATION and Exceedence Loading Time Series File:c-40.tsf Computing Interval Locations Computing Flow Durations Durations & Exceedence Probabilities to File:c-40.dur Analysis Tools Command RETURN to Previous Menu KCRTS Command CREATE a new Time Series of Runoff Time Series Project Location : Production Sea-Tac c-42.tsf 1. 00 Computing Series Regional Scale Factor: Data Type : Historic Creating Hourly Time Series File Loading Time Series File:C:\KC SWDM\KC DATA\STOP60H.rnf Outwash Pasture 0.03 acres Outwash Grass Impervious Loading Time Series File:C:\KC SWDM\KC DATA\STOG60H.rnf 0.96 acres Loading Time Series File:C:\KC SWDM\KC DATA\STEI60H.rnf 0.67 acres Total Area 1.66 acres Peak Discharge: 0.373 CFS at 16:00 on Mar 3 in 1950 SE 144'h Street-June 2007 Storing Time Series File:c-42.tsf Time Series Computed KCRTS Command Enter the Analysis TOOLS Module Analysis Tools Command Compute PEAKS and Flow Frequencies B-5 Flow Frequency Analysis Loading Stage/Discharge curve:c-42.tsf LogPearson III Coefficients Time Series File:c-42.tsf Project Location:Sea-Tac Mean~ -0.747 StdDev~ 0.110 Skew~ 0.794 Frequencies & Peaks saved to File:c-42.pks Analysis Tools Command Compute Flow DURATION and Exceedence Loading Time Series File:c-42.tsf Computing Interval Locations Computing Flow Durations Durations & Exceedence Probabilities to File:c-42.dur Analysis Tools Command RETURN to Previous Menu KCRTS Command CREATE a new Time Series Production of Runoff Time Series Project Location: Sea-Tac Computing Series c-44.tsf Regional Scale Factor : 1.00 Data Type: Historic Creating Hourly Time Series File Impervious Loading Time Series File:C:\KC_SWDM\KC DATA\STEI60H.rnf 0.99 acres Total Area 0.99 acres Peak Discharge: 0.408 CFS at 0:00 on Oct 6 in 1981 Storing Time Series File:c-44.tsf Time Series Computed KCRTS Command Enter the Analysis TOOLS Module Analysis Tools Command Compute PEAKS and Flow Frequencies Flow Frequency Analysis Loading Stage/Discharge curve:c-44.tsf LogPearson III Coefficients Time Series File:c-44.tsf Project Location:Sea-Tac Mean~ -0.596 StdDev~ 0.096 Skew~ 0.562 Frequencies & Peaks saved to File:c-44.pks Analysis Tools Command Compute Flow DURATION and Exceedence Loading Time Series File:c-44.tsf B-6 SE 14,th Street-June 2007 Computing Interval Locations Computing Flow Durations Durations & Exceedence Probabilities to File:c-44.dur Analysis Tools Command RETURN to Previous Menu KCRTS Command CREATE a new Time Series of Runoff Time Series Project Location: Production Sea-Tac c-50.tsf 1. 00 Computing Series Regional Scale Factor: Data Type: Historic Creating Hourly Time Series File Impervious Loading Time Series File:C:\KC SWDM\KC DATA\STEI60H.rnf 0.51 acres Total Area 0.51 acres Peak Discharge: 0.210 CFS at 0:00 on Oct 6 in 1981 Storing Time Series File:c-50.tsf Time Series Computed KCRTS Command Enter the Analysis TOOLS Module Analysis Tools Command Compute PEAKS and Flow Frequencies Flow Frequency Analysis Loading Stage/Discharge curve:c-50.tsf LogPearson III Coefficients Time Series File:c-50.tsf Project Location:Sea-Tac Mean~ -0.884 StdDev~ 0.095 Skew-0.562 Frequencies & Peaks saved to File:c-50.pks Analysis Tools Command Compute Flow DURATION and Exceedence Loading Time Series File:c-50.tsf Computing Interval Locations Computing Flow Durations Durations & Exceedence Probabilities to File:c-50.dur Analysis Tools Command RETURN to Previous Menu KCRTS Command CREATE a new Time Series B-7 SE 14,tn Street-June 2007 Project Location : Production of Runoff Time Series Sea-Tac Computing Series Regional Scale Factor : c-52.tsf 1. 00 Data Type : Historic Creating Hourly Time Series File Till Pasture Till Grass Outwash Pasture Outwash Grass Impervious Loading Time Series File:C:\KC SWDM\KC DATA\STTP60H.rnf 0.01 acres Loading Time Series File:C:\KC SWDM\KC DATA\STTG60H.rnf 0.80 acres Loading Time Series File:C:\KC_SWDM\KC_DATA\STOP60H.rnf 0.01 acres Loading Time Series File:C:\KC SWDM\KC DATA\STOG60H.rnf 0.80 acres Loading Time Series File:C:\KC_SWDM\KC_DATA\STEI60H.rnf 1.15 acres Total Area 2.77 acres Peak Discharge: 0.701 CFS at 16:00 on Mar 3 in 1950 Storing Time Series File:c-52.tsf Time Series Computed KCRTS Command Enter the Analysis TOOLS Module Analysis Tools Conunand Compute PEAKS and Flow Frequencies Flow Frequency Analysis Time Series File:c-52.tsf Project Location:Sea-Tac Loading Stage/Discharge curve:c-52.tsf LogPearson III Coefficients Mean~ -0.457 StdDev~ 0.118 Skew~ 0.538 Frequencies & Peaks saved to File:c-52.pks Analysis Tools Command Compute Flow DURATION and Exceedence Loading Time Series File:c-52.tsf Computing Interval Locations Computing Flow Durations Durations & Exceedence Probabilities to File:c-52.dur Analysis Tools Command RETURN to Previous Menu KCRTS Command CREATE a new Time Series Production of Runoff Time Series Project Location : Sea-Tac Computing Series : c-54.tsf B-8 SE I 44'h Street-June 2007 Regional Scale Factor : 1.00 Data Type : Historic Creating Hourly Time Series File Till Forest Till Pasture Till Grass Outwash Forest Outwash Pasture Outwash Grass Impervious Loading Time Series File:C:\KC SWDM\KC DATA\STTF60H.rnf 0.03 acres Loading Time Series File:C:\KC SWDM\KC DATA\STTP60H.rnf 0.03 acres Loading Time Series File:C:\KC SWDM\KC DATA\STTG60H.rnf 0.83 acres Loading Time Series File:C:\KC SWDM\KC DATA\STOF60H.rnf 0.04 acres Loading Time Series File:C:\KC SWDM\KC DATA\STOP60H.rnf 0.04 acres Loading Time Series File:C:\KC SWDM\KC DATA\STOG60H.rnf 1.24 acres Loading Time Series File:C:\KC SWDM\KC_DATA\STEI60H.rnf 1.44 acres Total Area 3.65 acres Peak Discharge: 0.876 CFS at 16:00 on Mar 3 in 1950 Storing Time Series File:c-54.tsf Time Series Computed KCRTS Command Enter the Analysis TOOLS Module Analysis Tools Corrunand Compute PEAKS and Flow Frequencies Flow Frequency Analysis Loading Stage/Discharge curve:c-54.tsf LogPearson III Coefficients Time Series File:c-54.tsf Project Location:Sea-Tac Mean~ -0.367 StdDev~ 0.117 Skew~ 0.588 Frequencies & Peaks saved to File:c-54.pks Analysis Tools Command Compute Flow DURATION and Exceedence Computing Interval Locations Computing Flow Durations Loading Time Series File:c-54.tsf Durations & Exceedence Probabilities to File:c-54.dur Analysis Tools Command RETURN to Previous Menu KCRTS Corrunand CREATE a new Time Series Production of Runoff Time Series Project Location: Sea-Tac Computing Series : c-60.tsf B-9 SE 144'1' Street-June 2007 Regional Scale Factor : 1.00 Data Type : Historic Creating Hourly Time Series File Loading Time Series File:C:\KC SWDM\KC DATA\STEI60H.rnf Impervious 0.52 acres Total Area 0.52 acres Peak Discharge: 0.214 CFS at 0:00 on Oct 6 in 1981 Storing Time Series File:c-60.tsf Time Series Computed KCRTS Command Enter the Analysis TOOLS Module Analysis Tools Command Compute PEAKS and Flow Frequencies Flow Frequency Analysis Loading Stage/Discharge curve:c-60.tsf LogPearson III Coefficients Time Series File:c-60.tsf Project Location:Sea-Tac Mean--0.876 StdDev-0.096 Skew-0.561 Frequencies & Peaks saved to File:c-60.pks Analysis Tools Command Compute Flow DURATION and Exceedence Loading Time Series File:c-60.tsf Computing Interval Locations Computing Flow Durations Durations & Exceedence Probabilities to File:c-60.dur Analysis Tools Command RETURN to Previous Menu KCRTS Command CREATE a new Time Series Production of Runoff Time Series Project Location : Sea-Tac Computing Series c-70.tsf Regional Scale Factor : 1.00 Data Type : Historic Creating Hourly Time Series File Till Pasture Till Grass Outwash Pasture Outwash Grass SE 144'" Streel--June 2007 Loading Time Series File:C:\KC SWDM\KC DATA\STTP60H.rnf 0.51 acres Loading Time Series File:C:\KC SWDM\KC DATA\STTG60H.rnf 1. 70 acres Loading Time Series File:C:\KC SWDM\KC DATA\STOP60H.rnf 0.34 acres Loading Time Series File:C:\KC SWDM\KC DATA\STOG60H.rnf 1.13 acres Loading Time Series File:C:\KC SWDM\KC DATA\STEI60H.rnf B-10 Impervious 1.34 acres Total Area 5.02 acres Peak Discharge: 1.06 CFS at 16:00 on Mar 3 in 1950 Storing Time Series File:c-70.tsf Time Series Computed KCRTS Command Enter the Analysis TOOLS Module Analysis Tools Command Compute PEAKS and Flow Frequencies Flow Frequency Analysis Time Series File:c-70.tsf Project Location:Sea-Tac Loading Stage/Discharge curve:c-70.tsf LogPearson III Coefficients Mean= -0.327 StdDev= 0.133 Skew= 0.509 Frequencies & Peaks saved to File:c-70.pks Analysis Tools Command Compute Flow DURATION and Exceedence Loading Time Series File:c-70.tsf Computing Interval Locations Computing Flow Durations Durations & Exceedence Probabilities to File:c-70.dur Analysis Tools Command RETURN to Previous Menu KCRTS Command CREATE a new Time Series of Runoff Time Series Project Location : Production Sea-Tac c-80.tsf 1. 00 Computing Series Regional Scale Factor : Data Type: Historic Creating Hourly Time Series File Till ForesL. Till Pasture Till Grass Outwash Forest Outwash Pasture Outwash Grass SE J 4.(h Street -June 2007 Loading Time Series File:C:\KC SWDM\KC DATA\STTF60H.rnf 5.28 acres Loading Time Series File:C:\KC SWDM\KC DATA\STTP60H.rnf 0.12 acres Loading Time Series File:C:\KC SWDM\KC DATA\STTG60H.rnf 4.35 acres Loading Time Series File:C:\KC SWDM\KC DATA\STOF60H.rnf 0.59 acres Loading Time Series File:C:\KC SWDM\KC DATA\STOP60H.rnf 0.01 acres Loading Time Series File:C:\KC SWDM\KC DATA\STOG60H.rnf 0.48 acres Loading Time Series File:C:\KC SWDM\KC DATA\STEI60H.rnf B-11 Impervious 3.40 acres Total Area 14.23 acres Peak Discharge: 2.61 CFS at 6:00 on Jan 9 in 1990 Storing Time Series File:c-80.tsf Time Series Computed KCRTS Command Enter the Analysis TOOLS Module Analysis Tools Command Compute PEAKS and Flow Frequencies Flow Frequency Analysis Loading Stage/Discharge curve:c-80.tsf LogPearson III Coefficients Time Series File:c-80.tsf Project Location:Sea-Tac Mean= 0.090 StdDev= 0.131 Skew= 0.500 Frequencies & Peaks saved to File:c-80.pks Analysis Tools Command Compute Flow DURATION and Exceedence Loading Time Series File:c-80.tsf Computing Interval Locations Computing Flow Durations Durations & Exceedence Probabilities to File:c-80.dur Analysis Tools Corrunand RETURN to Previous Menu KCRTS Command CREATE a new Time Series Production of Runoff Time Series Project Location : Sea-Tac Computing Series c-90.tsf Regional Scale Factor: 1.00 Data Type : Historic Creating Hourly Time Series File Loading Time Series File:C:\KC SWDM\KC DATA\STEI60H.rnf Impervious 0.40 acres Total Area 0.40 acres Peak Discharge: 0.165 CFS at 0:00 on Oct 6 in 1981 SE l 4¢h Street-June 2007 Storing Time Series File:c-90.tsf Time Series Computed KCRTS Command Enter the Analysis TOOLS Module B-12 Analysis Tools Command Compute PEAKS and Flow Frequencies Flow Frequency Analysis Loading Stage/Discharge curve:c-90.tsf LogPearson III Coefficients Time Series File:c-90.tsf Project Location:Sea-Tac Mean~ -0.989 StdDev~ 0.096 Skew~ 0.559 Frequencies & Peaks saved to File:c-90.pks Analysis Tools Command Compute Flow DURATION and Exceedence Loading Time Series File:c-90.tsf Computing Interval Locations Computing Flow Durations Durations & Exceedence Probabilities to File:c-90.dur Analysis Tools Command RETURN to Previous Menu KCRTS Command CREATE a new Time Series Production of Runoff Time Series Project Location : Sea-Tac Computing Series c-100.tsf Regional Scale Factor: 1.00 Data Type: Historic Creating Hourly Time Series File Till Forest Till Pasture Till Grass Impervious Loading Time Series File:C:\KC SWDM\KC DATA\STTF60H.rnf 0.45 acres Loading Time Series File:C:\KC_SWDM\KC DATA\STTP60H.rnf 0.33 acres Loading Time Series File:C:\KC SWDM\KC_DATA\STTG60H.rnf 0.61 acres Loading Time Series File:C:\KC_SWDM\KC_DATA\STEI60H.rnf 0.17 acres Total Area 1.56 acres Peak Discharge: 0.250 CFS at 16:00 on Mar 3 in 1950 Storing Time Series File:c-100.tsf Time Series Computed KCRTS Command Enter the Analysis TOOLS Module Analysis Tools Command Compute PEAKS and Flow Frequencies Flow Frequency Analysis Loading Stage/Discharge curve:c-100.tsf LogPearson III Coefficients B-13 SE J 44n Street-June 2()()7 Time Series File:c-100.tsf Project Location:Sea-Tac Mean~ -1.001 StdDev~ 0.167 Skew~ 0.401 Frequencies & Peaks saved to File:c-100.pks Analysis Tools Cormnand Compute Flow DURATION and Exceedence Loading Time Series File:c-100.tsf Computing Interval Locations Computing Flow Durations Durations & Exceedence Probabilities to File:c-100.dur Analysis Tools Cormnand RETURN to Previous Menu KCRTS Command CREATE a new Time Series Production of Runoff Time Series Project Location : Sea-Tac Computing Series c-106.tsf Regional Scale Factor: 1.00 Data Type: Historic Creating Hourly Time Series File Till Forest Till Pasture Till Grass Outwash Pasture Outwash Grass Impervious Loading Time Series File:C:\KC SWDM\KC DATA\STTF60H.rnf 2.50 acres Loading Time Series File:C:\KC_SWDM\KC DATA\STTP60H.rnf 0.12 acres Loading Time Series File:C:\KC SWDM\KC DATA\STTG60H.rnf 3.34 acres Loading Time Series File:C:\KC_SWDM\KC DATA\STOP60H.rnf 0.12 acres Loading Time Series File:C:\KC_SWDM\KC DATA\STOG60H.rnf 3.34 acres Loading Time Series File:C:\KC SWDM\KC_DATA\STEI60H.rnf 4.64 acres Total Area 14.06 acres Peak Discharge: 3.02 CFS at 16:00 on Mar 3 in 1950 Storing Time Series File:c-106.tsf Time Series Computed KCRTS Corrunand Enter the Analysis TOOLS Module Analysis Tools Command Compute PEAKS and Flow Frequencies Flow Frequency Analysis Time Series File:c-106.tsf Loading Stage/Discharge curve:c-106.tsf LogPearson III Coefficients Mean= 0.164 StdDev~ 0.122 B-14 SE 14.f" Street-June 2007 Project Location:Sea-Tac Skew~ 0. 511 Frequencies & Peaks saved to File:c-106.pks Analysis Tools Cormnand Compute Flow DURATION and Exceedence Loading Time Series File:c-106.tsf Computing Interval Locations Computing Flow Durations Durations & Exceedence Probabilities to File:c-106.dur Analysis Tools Command RETURN to Previous Menu KCRTS Cormnand CREATE a new Time Series Production of Runoff Time Series Project Location : Sea-Tac Computing Series c-110.tsf Regional Scale Factor: 1.00 Data Type : Historic Creating Hourly Time Series File Till Forest Till Pasture Till Grass Impervious Loading Time Series File:C:\KC SWDM\KC DATA\STTF60H.rnf 6.43 acres Loading Time Series File:C:\KC SWDM\KC DATA\STTP60H.rnf 12.24 acres Loading Time Series File:C:\KC SWDM\KC DATA\STTG60H.rnf 12.33 acres Loading Time Series File:C:\KC SWDM\KC DATA\STEI60H.rnf 7.10 acres Total Area 38.10 acres Peak Discharge: 6.91 CFS at 6:00 on Jan 9 in 1990 Storing Time Time Series Computed Series File:c-110.tsf KCRTS Command Enter the Analysis TOOLS Module Analysis Tools Cormnand Compute PEAKS and Flow Frequencies Flow Frequency Analysis Loading Stage/Discharge curve:c-110.tsf LogPearson III Coefficients Time Series File:c-110.tsf Project Location:Sea-Tac Mean== 0.487 StdDev~ 0.145 Skew~ 0. 484 SE 144h Street-June 2007 Frequencies & Peaks saved to File:c-110.pks Analysis Tools Command Compute Flow DURATION and Exceedence B-15 Loading Time Series File:c-110.tsf Computing Interval Locations Computing Flow Durations Durations & Exceedence Probabilities to File:c-110.dur Analysis Tools Command RETURN to Previous Menu KCRTS Command CREATE a new Time Series Production of Runoff Time Series Project Location : Sea-Tac Computing Series c-120.tsf Regional Scale Factor : 1.00 Data Type : Historic Creating Hourly Time Series File Loading Time Series File:C:\KC SWDM\KC DATA\STTP60H.rnf Till Pasture 0.58 acres Impervious Loading Time Series File:C:\KC SWDM\KC DATA\STEI60H.rnf 1.00 acres Total Area 1.58 acres Peak Discharge: 0.466 CFS at 6:00 on Jan 9 in 1990 Storing Time Time Series Computed Series File:c-120.tsf KCRTS Command Enter the Analysis TOOLS Module Analysis Tools Command Compute PEAKS and Flow Frequencies Flow Frequency Analysis Loading Stage/Discharge curve:c-120.tsf LogPearson III Coefficients Time Series File:c-120.tsf Project Location:Sea-Tac Mean~ -0.565 StdDev~ 0.101 Skew~ 0. 47 5 Frequencies & Peaks saved to File:c-120.pks Analysis Tools Command Compute Flow DURATION and Exceedence Loading Time Series File:c-120.tsf Computing Interval Locations Computing Flow Durations Durations & Exceedence Probabilities to File:c-120.dur SE 14,th Street---June 2007 Analysis Tools Command RETURN to Previous Menu B-16 KCRTS Conunand CREATE a new Time Series Production of Runoff Time Series Project Location : Sea-Tac Computing Series c-130.tsf Regional Scale Factor : 1.00 Data Type: Historic Creating Hourly Time Series File Loading Time Series File:C:\KC SWDM\KC DATA\STTF60H.rnf Till Forest 2.49 acres Till Pasture Till Grass Impervious Loading Time Series File:C:\KC SWDM\KC DATA\STTP60H.rnf 7.12 acres Loading Time Series File:C:\KC SWDM\KC DATA\STTG60H.rnf 5.80 acres Loading Time Series File:C:\KC SWDM\KC DATA\STEI60H.rnf 1.58 acres Total Area 16.99 acres Peak Discharge: 2.64 CFS at 16:00 on Mar 3 in 1950 Storing Time Series File:c-130.tsf Time Series Computed KCRTS Command Enter the Analysis TOOLS Module Analysis Tools Command Compute PEAKS and Flow Frequencies Flow Frequency Analysis Loading Stage/Discharge curve:c-130.tsf LogPearson III Coefficients Time Series File:c-130.tsf Project Location:Sea-Tac Mean= 0.015 StdDev-0.175 Skew-0.324 Frequencies & Peaks saved to File:c-130.pks Analysis Tools Command Compute Flow DURATION and Exceedence Loading Time Series File:c-130.tsf Computing Interval Locations Computing Flow Durations SE 144'~ Street June 2007 Durations & Exceedence Probabilities to File:c-130.dur Analysis Tools Command RETURN to Previous Menu KCRTS Command CREATE a new Time Series Production of Runoff Time Series B-17 Project Location: Sea-Tac Computing Series c-200.tsf Regional Scale Factor: 1.00 Data Type : Historic Creating Hourly Time Series File Loading Time Series File:C:\KC SWDM\KC DATA\STTF60H.rnf Till Forest 4.45 acres Till Pasture Till Grass Impervious Loading Time Series File:C:\KC SWDM\KC DATA\STTP60H.rnf 0.14 acres Loading Time Series File:C:\KC SWDM\KC DATA\STTG60H.rnf 1.79 acres Loading Time Series File:C:\KC SWDM\KC DATA\STEI60H.rnf 1.18 acres Total Area 7.56 acres Peak Discharge: 1.12 CFS at 6:00 on Jan 9 in 1990 Storing Time Time Series Computed Series File:c-200.tsf KCRTS Command Enter the Analysis TOOLS Module Analysis Tools Corrunand Compute PEAKS and Flow Frequencies Flow Frequency Analysis Loading Stage/Discharge curve:c-200.tsf LogPearson III Coefficients Time Series File:c-200.tsf Project Location:Sea-Tac Mean~ -0.308 StdDev~ 0.145 Skew~ 0.500 Frequencies & Peaks saved to File:c-200.pks Analysis Tools Corrunand Compute Flow DURATION and Exceedence Loading Time Series File:c-200.tsf Computing Interval Locations Computing Flow Durations Durations & Exceedence Probabilities to File:c-200.dur Project Location : Computing Series Regional Scale Factor: Analysis Tools Command RETURN to Previous Menu KCRTS Command CREATE a new Time Series Production of Runoff Time Series Sea-Tac c-210.tsf 1. 00 Data Type: Historic Creating Hourly Time Series File Loading Time Series File:C:\KC SWDM\KC DATA\STTF60H.rnf B-18 SE I 44'n Street June 2007 Till Forest Till Pasture Till Grass Impervious 3.31 acres Loading Time Series File:C:\KC SWDM\KC DATA\STTP60H.rnf 1.70 acres Loading Time Series File:C:\KC SWDM\KC DATA\STTG60H.rnf 4.60 acres Loading Time Series File:C:\KC SWDM\KC DATA\STEI60H.rnf 2.93 acres Total Area 12.54 acres Peak Discharge: 2.47 CFS at 6:00 on Jan 9 in 1990 Storing Time Series File:c-210.tsf Time Series Computed KCRTS Command Enter the Analysis TOOLS Module Analysis Tools Command Compute PEAKS and Flow Frequencies Flow Frequency Analysis Loading Stage/Discharge curve:c-210.tsf LogPearson III Coefficients Time Series File:c-210.tsf Project Location:Sea-Tac Mean= 0.056 StdDev~ 0.136 Skew~ 0.482 Frequencies & Peaks saved to File:c-210.pks Analysis Tools Command Compute Flow DURATION and Exceedence Loading Time Series File:c-210.tsf Computing Interval Locations Computing Flow Durations Durations & Exceedence Probabilities to File:c-210.dur Analysis Tools Command RETURN to Previous Menu KCRTS Command CREATE a new Time Series Project Location : Production of Runoff Time Series Sea-Tac Computing Series Regional Scale Factor : c-220.tsf 1. 00 Data Type: Historic Creating Hourly Time Series File Till Grass Loading Time Series File:C:\KC SWDM\KC DATA\STTG60H.rnf 1.56 acres Impervious Loading Time Series File:C:\KC_SWDM\KC DATA\STEI60H.rnf 1.90 acres Total Area 3.46 acres Peak Discharge: 1.09 CFS at 6:00 on Jan 9 in 1990 B-19 SE J 4.fh Street-June 2007 Storing Time Series File:c-220.tsf Time Series Computed KCRTS Command Enter the Analysis TOOLS Module Analysis Tools Command Compute PEAKS and Flow Frequencies Flow Frequency Analysis Loading Stage/Discharge curve:c-220.tsf LogPearson III Coefficients Time Series File:c-220.tsf Project Location:Sea-Tac Mean~ -0.235 StdDev~ 0.114 Skew~ 0.400 Frequencies & Peaks saved to File:c-220.pks Analysis Tools Command Compute Flow DURATION and Exceedence Loading Time Series File:c-220.tsf Computing Interval Locations Computing Flow Durations Durations & Exceedence Probabilities to File:c-220.dur Analysis Tools Conunand RETURN to Previous Menu KCRTS Command CREATE a new Time Series Production Sea-Tac c-230.tsf 1. 00 of Runoff Time Series Project Location: Computing Series Regional Scale Factor: Data Type : Historic Creating Hourly Time Series File Till Pasture Loading Time Series File:C:\KC SWDM\KC DATA\STTP60H.rnf 3.95 acres Impervious Loading Time Series File:C:\KC SWDM\KC DATA\STEI60H.rnf 5.71 acres Total Area 9.66 acres Peak Discharge: 2.72 CFS at 6:00 on Jan 9 in 1990 Storing Time Time Series Computed KCRTS Command Series File:c-230.tsf Enter the Analysis TOOLS Module Analysis Tools Command B-20 SE 14.f' Street-June 2007 Compute PEAKS and Flow Frequencies Flow Frequency Analysis Loading Stage/Discharge curve:c-230.tsf LogPearson III Coefficients Time Series File:c-230.tsf Project Location:Sea-Tac Mean= 0.197 StdDev~ 0.103 Skew~ 0.461 Frequencies & Peaks saved to File:c-230.pks Analysis Tools Command Compute Flow DURATION and Exceedence Loading Time Series File:c-230.tsf Compu~ing Interval Locations Computing Flow Durations Durations & Exceedence Probabilities to File:c-230.dur Analysis Tools Command RETURN to Previous Menu KCRTS Command CREATE a new Time Series Production of Runoff Time Series Project Location : Sea-Tac Computing Series c-232.tsf Regional Scale Factor : 1.00 Data Type: Historic Creating Hourly Time Series File Till Forest Loading Time Series File:C:\KC SWDM\KC DATA\STTF60H.rnf 1.38 acres Total Area 1.38 acres Peak Discharge: 0.093 CFS at 9:00 on Jan 9 in 1990 Storing Time Series File:c-232.tsf Time Series Computed KCRTS Command Enter the Analysis TOOLS Module Analysis Tools Command Compute PEAKS and Flow Frequencies Flow Frequency Analysis Loading Stage/Discharge curve:c-232.tsf LogPearson III Coefficients Time Series File:c-232.tsf Project Location:Sea-Tac Mean~ -1.477 StdDev~ 0.232 Skew~ -0.124 SE 144'1' Street -June 2007 Frequencies & Peaks saved to File:c-232.pks Analysis Tools Command Compute Flow DURATION and Exceedence B-21 Loading Time Series File:c-232.tsf Computing Interval Locations Computing Flow Durations Durations & Exceedence Probabilities to File:c-232.dur Analysis Tools Command RETURN to Previous Menu KCRTS Command CREATE a new Time Series Production of Runoff Time Series Project Location : Sea-Tac Computing Series c-240.tsf Regional Scale Factor: 1.00 Data Type : Historic Creating Hourly Time Series File Loading Time Series File:C:\KC_SWDM\KC_DATA\STTG60H.rnf Till Grass 3.65 acres Impervious Loading Time Series File:C:\KC_SWDM\KC_DATA\STEI60H.rnf 4.48 acres Total Area 8.13 acres Peak Discharge: 2.56 CFS at 6:00 on Jan 9 in 1990 Storing Time Series File:c-240.tsf Time Series Computed KCRTS Command Enter the Analysis TOOLS Module Analysis Tools Command Compute PEAKS and Flow Frequencies Flow Frequency Analysis Loading Stage/Discharge curve:c-240.tsf LogPearson III Coefficients Time Series File:c-240.tsf Project Location:Sea-Tac Mean-0.137 StdDev-0.114 Skew-0.402 Frequencies & Peaks saved to File:c-240.pks Analysis Tools Command Compute Flow DURATION and Exceedence Loading Time Series File:c-240.tsf Computing Interval Locations Computing Flow Durations Durations & Exceedence Probabilities to File:c-240.dur SE J 4,th Street June 2007 Analysis Tools Command RETURN to Previous Menu B-22 KCRTS Command CREATE a new Time Series Production of Runoff Time Series Project Location : Sea-Tac Computing Series c-241.tsf Regional Scale Factor : 1.00 Data Type : Historic Creating Hourly Time Series File Loading Time Series File:C:\KC SWDM\KC DATA\STTF60H.rnf Till Forest 0.23 acres Till Grass Impervious Loading Time Series File:C:\KC SWDM\KC DATA\STTG60H.rnf 2.99 acres Loading Time Series File:C:\KC SWDM\KC DATA\STEI60H.rnf 3.68 acres Total Area 6.90 acres Peak Discharge: 2.12 CFS at 6:00 on Jan 9 in 1990 Storing Time Series File:c-241.tsf Time Series Computed KCRTS Command Enter the Analysis TOOLS Module Analysis Tools Command Compute PEAKS and Flow Frequencies Flow Frequency Analysis Loading Stage/Discharge curve:c-241.tsf LogPearson III Coefficients Time Series File:c-241.tsf Project Location:Sea-Tac Mean= 0.052 StdDev= 0.114 Skew= 0. 4 03 Frequencies & Peaks saved to File:c-241.pks Analysis Tools Command Compute Flow DURATION and Exceedence Loading T~me Series File:c-241.tsf Computing Interval Locations Computing Flow Durations Durations & Exceedence Probabilities to File:c-241.dur Analysis Tools Command RETURN to Previous Menu KCRTS Command CREATE a new Time Series Production of Runoff Time Series Project Location : Sea-Tac Computing Series : c-244.tsf B-23 SE I 4,rn Street -June 2007 Regional Scale Factor: 1.00 Data Type : Historic Creating Hourly Time Series File Till Forest Till Pasture Till Grass Impervious Loading Time Series File:C:\KC SWDM\KC DATA\STTF60H.rnf 0.7lacres Loading Time Series File:C:\KC SWDM\KC DATA\STTP60H.rnf 11.46 acres Loading Time Series File:C:\KC SWDM\KC DATA\STTG60H.rnf 10.75 acres Loading Time Series File:C:\KC_SWDM\KC_DATA\STEI60H.rnf 4.68 acres Total Area 27.60 acres Peak Discharge: 5.19 CFS at 6:00 on Jan 9 in 1990 Storing Time Time Series Computed Series File:c-244.tsf KCRTS Command Enter the Analysis TOOLS Module Analysis Tools Command Compute PEAKS and Flow Frequencies Flow Frequency Analysis Loading Stage/Discharge curve:c-244.tsf LogPearson III Coefficients Time Series File:c-244.tsf Project Location:Sea-Tac Mean= 0.350 StdDev~ 0.151 Skew~ 0.463 Frequencies & Peaks saved to File:c-244.pks Analysis Tools Command Compute Flow DURATION and Exceedence Loading Time Series File:c-244.tsf Computing Interval Locations Computing Flow Durations Durations & Exceedence Probabilities to File:c-244.dur Analysis Tools Command RETURN to Previous Menu KCRTS Command CREATE a new Time Series Production of Runoff Time Series Project Location : Sea-Tac Computing Series c-250.tsf Regional Scale Factor : 1.00 Data Type : Historic Creating Hourly Time Series File Loading Time Series File:C:\KC SWDM\KC DATA\STTP60H.rnf Till Pasture 0.17 acres Loading Time Series File:C:\KC SWDM\KC DATA\STTG60H.rnf B-24 SE J 4,f" Street-June 2007 Till Grass Impervious 4.66 acres Loading Time Series File:C:\KC SWDM\KC DATA\STEI60H.rnf 3.23 acres Total Area 8.06 acres Peak Discharge: 2.27 CFS at 6:00 on Jan 9 in 1990 Storing Time Series File:c-250.tsf Time Series Computed KCRTS Command Enter the Analysis TOOLS Module Analysis Tools Command Compute PEAKS and Flow Frequencies Flow Frequency Analysis Loading Stage/Discharge curve:c-250.tsf LogPearson III Coefficients Time Series File:c-250.tsf Project Location:Sea-Tac Mean= 0.048 StdDev~ 0.126 Skew~ 0.396 Frequencies & Peaks saved to File:c-250.pks Analysis Tools Command Compute Flow DURATION and Exceedence Loading Time Series File:c-250.tsf Computing Interval Locations Computing Flow Durations Durations & Exceedence Probabilities to File:c-250.dur Analysis Tools Command RETURN to Previous Menu KCRTS Command CREATE a new Time Series Production Sea-Tac c-260.tsf 1. 00 of Runoff Time Series Project Location: Comput.:._ng Series Regional Scale Factor: Data Type : Historic Creating Hourly Time Series File Loading Time Series File:C:\KC SWDM\KC DATA\STTG60H.rnf Till Grass 2.33 acres Impervious Loading Time Series File:C:\KC SWDM\KC DATA\STEI60H.rnf 1.74 acres Total Area 4.07 Peak Discharge: 1.18 CFS at SE 14.f' Street -June 2007 acres 6:00 on Jan 9 in 1990 Storing Time Time Series Computed KCRTS Command B-25 Series File:c-260.tsf Enter the Analysis TOOLS Module Analysis Tools Command Compute PEAKS and Flow Frequencies Flow Frequency Analysis Loading Stage/Discharge curve:c-260.tsf LogPearson III Coefficients Time Series File:c-260.tsf Project Location:Sea-Tac Mean~ -0.230 StdDev~ 0.124 Skew~ 0.395 Frequencies & Peaks saved to File:c-260.pks Analysis Tools Command Compute Flow DURATION and Exceedence Loading Time Series File:c-260.tsf Computing Interval Locations Computing Flow Durations Durations & Exceedence Probabilities to File:c-260.dur Analysis Tools Command RETURN to Previous Menu KCRTS Command CREATE a new Time Series of Runoff Time Series Project Location : Production Sea-Tac c-270. tsf 1. 00 Computing Series Regional Scale Factor: Data Type : Historic Creating Hourly Time Series File Till Grass Impervious Loading Time Series File:C:\KC_SWDM\KC_DATA\STTG60H.rnf 2.22 acres Loading Time Series File:C:\KC_SWDM\KC_DATA\STEI60H.rnf 1.60 acres Total Area 3.82 acres Peak Discharge: 1.10 CFS at 6:00 on Jan 9 in 1990 Storing Time Time Series Computed Series File:c-270.tsf KCRTS Command Enter the Analysis TOOLS Module Analysis Tools Cormnand Compute PEAKS and Flow Frequencies Flow Frequency Analysis Loading Stage/Discharge curve:c-270.tsf LogPearson III Coefficients 8-26 SE !44'n Street-June 2007 Time Series File:c-270.tsf Project Location:Sea-Tac Mean~ -0.263 StdDev~ 0.125 Skew~ 0. 392 Frequencies & Peaks saved to File:c-270.pks Analysis Tools Command Compute Flow DURATION and Exceedence Loading Time Series File:c-270.tsf Computing Interval Locations Computing Flow Durations Durations & Exceedence Probabilities to File:c-270.dur Analysis Tools Command RETURN to Previous Menu KCRTS Command CREATE a new Time Series Production of Runoff Time Series Project Location : Sea-Tac Computing Series c-300.tsf Regional Scale Factor: 1.00 Data Type : Historic Creating Hourly Time Series File Loading Time Series File:C:\KC SWDM\KC DATA\STTF60H.rnf Till Forest 9.47 acres Till Pasture Till Grass Impervious Loading Time Series File:C:\KC SWDM\KC DATA\STTP60H.rnf 1.73 acres Loading Time Series File:C:\KC SWDM\KC DATA\STTG60H.rnf 4.13 acres Loading Time Series File:C:\KC SWDM\KC DATA\STEI60H.rnf 1.56 acres Total Area 16.89 acres Peak Discharge: 2.19 CFS at 6:00 on Jan 9 in 1990 Storing T~me Time Series Computed Series File:c-300.tsf KCRTS Command Enter the Analysis TOOLS Module Analysis Tools Command Compute PEAKS and Flow Frequencies Flow Frequency Analysis Loading Stage/Discharge curve:c-300.tsf LogPearson III Coefficients Time Series File:c-300.tsf Project Location:Sea-Tac SE 14¢11 Street -June 2007 Mean~ -0.057 StdDev~ 0.172 Skew~ 0.335 Frequencies & Peaks saved to File:c-300.pks Analysis Tools Command B-27 Compute Flow DURATION and Exceedence Loading Time Series File:c-300.tsf Computing Interval Locations Computing Flow Durations Durations & Exceedence Probabilities to File:c-300.dur Analysis Tools Command RETURN to Previous Menu KCRTS Command CREATE a new Time Series of Runoff Time Series Project Location : Production Sea-Tac c-304.tsf 1. 00 Computing Series Regional Scale Factor: Data Type : Historic Creating Hourly Time Series File Till Forest Till Pasture Till Grass Impervious Loading Time Series File:C:\KC SWDM\KC DATA\STTF60H.rnf 2 .12 acres Loading Time Series File:C:\KC SWDM\KC DATA\STTP60H.rnf 1.36 acres Loading Time Series File:C:\KC SWDM\KC DATA\STTG60H.rnf 5.73 acres Loading Time Series File:C:\KC SWDM\KC DATA\STEI60H.rnf 3.74 acres Total Area 12.95 acres Peak Discharge: 2.93 CFS at 6:00 on Jan 9 in 1990 Storing Time Series File:c-304.tsf Time Series Computed KCRTS Command Enter the Analysis TOOLS Module Analysis Tools Command Compute PEAKS and Flow Frequencies Flow Frequency Analysis Loading Stage/Discharge curve:c-304.tsf LogPearson III Coefficients Time Series File:c-304.tsf Project Location:Sea-Tac Mean= 0.141 StdDev~ 0.132 Skew~ 0.426 Frequencies & Peaks saved to File:c-304.pks Analysis Tools Command Compute Flow DURATION and Exceedence Computing Interval Locations Computing Flow Durations SE J 4,(n Street-June 2007 Loading Time Series File:c-304.tsf B-28 Durations & Exceedence Probabilities to File;c-304.dur Analysis Tools Command RETURN to Previous Menu KCRTS Command CREATE a new Time Series Production of Runoff Time Series Project Location : Sea-Tac Comput~ng Series c-306.tsf Regional Scale Factor : 1.00 Data Type : Historic Creating Hourly Time Series File Loading Time Series File:C:\KC SWDM\KC DATA\STTF60H.rnf Till Forest 1.25 acres Till Pasture Till Grass Impervious Loading Time Series File:C:\KC SWDM\KC DATA\STTP60H.rnf 0.15 acres Loading Time Series File:C:\KC SWDM\KC DATA\STTG60H.rnf 0.28 acres Loading Time Series File:C:\KC SWDM\KC DATA\STEI60H.rnf 0.08 acres Total Area 1.76 acres Peak Discharge: 0.177 CFS at 6:00 on Jan 9 in 1990 Storing Time Time Series Computed Series File:c-306.tsf KCRTS Command Enter the Analysis TOOLS Module Analysis Tools Command Compute PEAKS and Flow Frequencies Flow Frequency Analysis Loading Stage/Discharge curve:c-306.tsf LogPearson III Coefficients Time Series File:c-306.tsf Project Location:Sea-Tac Mean--1.180 StdDev-0.204 Skew-0.041 Frequencies & Peaks saved to File:c-306.pks Analysis Tools Command Compute Flow DURATION and Exceedence Loading Time Series File:c-306.tsf Computing Interval Locations Computing Flow Durations Durations & Exceedence Probabilities to File:c-306.dur SE 14.f' Street-June 2007 Analysis Tools Command RETURN to Previous Menu B-29 KCRTS Corrunand CREATE a new Time Series Project Location : Production of Runoff Time Series Sea-Tac Computing Series Regional Scale Factor: c-310.tsf 1. 00 Data Type : Historic Creating Hourly Time Series File Till Forest Loading Time Series File:C:\KC SWDM\KC DATA\STTF60H.rnf 9.32 acres Total Area 9.32 acres Peak Discharge: 0.627 CFS at 9:00 on Jan 9 in 1990 Storing Time Series File:c-310.tsf Time Series Computed KCRTS Command Enter the Analysis TOOLS Module Analysis Tools Command Compute PEAKS and Flow Frequencies Flow Frequency Analysis Loading Stage/Discharge curve:c-310.tsf LogPearson III Coefficients Time Series File:c-310.tsf Project Location:Sea-Tac Mean~ -0.648 StdDev~ 0.233 Skew~ -0.139 Frequencies & Peaks saved to File:c-310.pks Analysis Tools Command Compute Flow DURATION and Exceedence Loading Time Series File:c-310.tsf Computing Interval Locations Computing Flow Durations Durations & Exceedence Probabilities to File:c-310.dur Analysis Tools Command RETURN to Previous Menu KCRTS Command CREATE a new Time Series Production of Runoff Time Series Project Location: Sea-Tac Computing Series c-320.tsf Regional Scale Factor: 1.00 Data Type : Historic Creating Hourly Time Series File Loading Time Series File:C:\KC SWDM\KC DATA\STTF60H.rnf B-30 SE J4,fh Street-June 2007 Till Forest Till Pasture Till Grass Impervious 8.92 acres Loading Time Series File:C:\KC SWDM\KC DATA\STTP60H.rnf 0.18 acres Loading Time Series File:C:\KC SWDM\KC DATA\STTG60H.rnf 0. 33 acres Loading Time Series File:C:\KC SWDM\KC DATA\STEI60H.rnf 0.09 acres Total Area 9.52 acres Peak Discharge: 0.693 CFS at 9:00 on Jan 9 in 1990 Storing Time Series File:c-320.tsf Time Series Computed KCRTS Command Enter the Analysis TOOLS Module Analysis Tools Command Compute PEAKS and Flow Frequencies Flow Frequency Analysis Loading Stage/Discharge curve:c-320.tsf LogPearson III Coefficients Time Series File:c-320.tsf Project Location:Sea-Tac Mean--0.597 StdDev-0.226 Skew--0.141 Frequencies & Peaks saved to File:c-320.pks Analysis Tools Command Compute Flow DURATION and Exceedence Loading Time Series File:c-320.tsf Computing Interval Locations Computing Flow Durations Durations & Exceedence Probabilities to File:c-320.dur Analysis Tools Command RETURN to Previous Menu KCRTS Command CREATE a new Time Series Production of Runoff Time Series Project Location : Sea-Tac Computing Series c-330.tsf Regional Scale Factor : 1.00 Data Type : Historic Creating Hourly Time Series File Loading Time Series File:C:\KC SWDM\KC DATA\STTF60H.rnf Till Forest 1.37 acres Till Pasture Till Grass SE J 4,f' Street--June 2007 Loading Time Series File:C:\KC_SWDM\KC_DATA\STTP60H.rnf 0.34 acres Loading Time Series File:C:\KC_SWDM\KC_DATA\STTG60H.rnf 0. 62 acres Loading Time Series File:C:\KC SWDM\KC DATA\STEI60H.rnf B-31 Impervious 0.17 acres Total Area 2.50 acres Peak Discharge: 0.307 CFS at 6:00 on Jan 9 in 1990 Storing Time Series File:c-330.tsf Time Series Computed KCRTS Command Enter the Analysis TOOLS Module Analysis Tools Command Compute PEAKS and Flow Frequencies Flow Frequency Analysis Loading Stage/Discharge curve:c-330.tsf LogPearson III Coefficients Time Series File:c-330.tsf Project Location:Sea-Tac Mean= -0.930 StdDev= 0.187 Skew= 0.198 Frequencies & Peaks saved to File:c-330.pks Analysis Tools Command Compute Flow DURATION and Exceedence Loading Time Series File:c-330.tsf Computing Interval Locations Computing Flow Durations Durations & Exceedence Probabilities to File:c-330.dur SE 144'h Street-June 2007 Analysis Tools Command RETURN to Previous Menu KCRTS Command eXit KCRTS Program B-32 Appendix B.2 KCRTS Pond Designs Hamilton Place -Retention/Detention Facility Type of Facility: Side Slope: Pond Bottom Length: Pond Bottom Width: Pond Bottom Area: Top Area at 1 ft. FB: Effective Storage Depth: Stage 0 Elevation: Storage Volume: Riser Head: Riser Number Orifice# 1 2 of Diameter: orifices: Height (ft) 0.00 2.90 Detention Pond 3.00 H: lV 145.91 ft 71.63 ft 10452. sq. ft 19580. sq. ft 0.449 acres 5.00 ft 505.00 ft 70076. cu. ft 1. 609 ac-ft 5.00 12.00 2 Diameter (in) 1. 2 6 1. 7 0 ft inches Full Head Discharge (CFS) 0 .096 0 .114 Top Notch Weir: None Outflow Rating Curve: None Evendell Plat -Retention/Detention Facility Type of Facility: Side Slope: Pond Bottom Length: Pond Bottom Width: Pond Bottom Area: Top Area at 1 ft. FB: Effective Storage Depth: Stage O Elevation: Storage Volume: Riser Head: Riser Diameter: Number of orifices: Orifice # Height (ft) 1 0.00 2 5.50 3 5. 90 Detention Pond 3.00 H:lV 167.00 ft 58.00 ft 9686. sq. ft 23762. sq. ft 0. 54 6 7.50 452.00 115676. 2. 656 7.50 18.00 3 acres ft ft cu. ft ac-ft ft inches Diameter (in) Full Head Discharge 1. 50 2.30 2.80 (CFS) 0.167 0.203 0.269 Top Notch Weir: None Outflow Rating Curve: None Liberty Grove -Retention/Detention Facility Type of Facility: Side Slope: Pond Bottom Length: Pond Bottom Width: SE z 44n Srreet -June 2007 Detention Pond 2.00 H:lV 178. 12 ft 89.06 ft B-33 Pipe Diameter (in) 4. 0 Pipe Diameter (in) 6.0 6. 0 Pond Bottom Area: Top Area at 1 ft. FB: Effective Storage Depth: Stage O Elevation: Storage Volume: Riser Head: Riser Diameter: Number of orifices: Orifice# 1 2 3 Height (ft) 0.00 3.65 4.81 15863. 24128. 0.554 6. 00 456.00 115567. 2.653 6. 00 18. 00 3 sq. ft sq. ft acres ft ft cu. ft ac-ft ft inches Diameter (in) 3.31 4.39 7.69 Full Head Discharge (CFS) 0. 728 0.801 1. 749 Top Notch Weir: None Outflow Rating Curve: None Nichol's Place -Retention/Detention Facility Type of Facility: Side Slope: Pond Bottom Length: Pond Bottom Width: Pond Bottom Area: Top Area at 1 ft. FB: Effective Storage Depth: Stage O Elevation: S::orage Volume: Riser Head: Riser Diameter: Number of orifices: Orifice # Height (ft) 1 0.00 2 3.90 Top Notch Weir: Length: Weir Height: Outflow Rating Curve: SE 14.fn Street-June 2007 Detention Pond 0.00 H:lV 82.00 ft 71. 00 ft 5822. sq. ft 5822. sq. ft 0.134 acres 5. 00 ft 447.00 ft 29110. cu. ft 0.668 ac-ft 5.00 ft 18.00 inches 2 Full Head Diameter Discharge (in) (CFS) 0.87 0.046 1. 71 0.083 Rectangular 1. 00 in 4.50 ft None B-34 Pipe Diameter (in) 8.0 10.0 Pipe Diameter (in) 4.0 Appendix 8.3 KCRTS Peak Flow Rates Flow Frequency Analysis LogPearson III Coefficients Time Series File:c-10.tsf Mean= -1.641 StdDev~ 0.141 Project Location:Sea-Tac Skew~ 1.196 ---Annual Peak Flow Rates--------Flow Frequency Analysis------- Flow Rate Rank Time of Peak --Peaks Rank Return Prob (CFS) (CFS) Period 0.022 26 2/16/49 21:00 0.070 1 8 9. 50 0.989 0.070 1 3/03/50 16: 00 0.046 2 32.13 0.969 0.034 6 2/09/51 2:00 0. 044 3 19.58 0.949 0.018 37 10/15/51 13: 00 0.039 4 14.08 0. 92 9 0.017 44 3/24 I 53 15:00 0.036 5 10.99 0.909 0.022 27 12/19/53 19: 00 0.034 6 9.01 0.889 0.023 21 2/07/55 17:00 0.033 7 7.64 0.869 0.025 15 12/20/55 17:00 0.031 8 6.63 0.849 0. 022 22 12/09/56 14:00 0.031 9 5. 8 6 0.829 0.021 28 12/25/57 16: DO 0.030 10 5.24 0.809 0. 021 29 1/26/59 20:00 0.028 11 4.75 0.789 0.025 17 2/06/60 17:00 0.028 12 4.34 0. 7 69 0. 02 6 13 2/14/61 21: 00 0.026 13 3.99 0.749 0.018 38 11/22/61 2:00 0.025 14 3.70 0.729 0.019 34 12/15/62 2: 00 0.025 15 3.44 0.709 0. 022 23 12/31/63 23:00 0.025 16 3.22 0.690 0.018 39 12/21/64 4: 00 0.025 17 3.03 0.670 0.018 40 1/05/66 16:00 0.024 18 2.85 0.650 0.028 12 1/19/67 14: 00 0.024 19 2.70 0.630 0.030 10 8/24/68 16:00 0.023 20 2.56 0.610 0.016 46 12/03/68 16:00 0.023 21 2.44 0.590 0.018 41 1/13/70 22:00 0.022 22 2.32 0.570 0.018 42 12/05/70 9:00 0.022 23 2 .22 0.550 0.044 3 2/27 /72 7:00 0. 022 24 2.13 0.530 0. 017 45 1/13/73 2:00 0.022 25 2.04 0.510 0.018 35 11/28/73 9:00 0.022 26 1. 96 0. 4 90 0.023 20 12/26/74 23:00 0.022 27 1. 89 0.470 0.016 47 1/14/76 6:00 0 .021 28 1. 82 0. 4 50 0.020 30 8/26/77 2:00 0.021 29 1. 7 5 0.430 0.028 11 9/17/78 2:00 0.020 30 1. 70 0.410 0.025 14 9/08/79 15:00 0.020 31 1. 64 0.390 0.022 25 12/14/79 21:00 0.019 32 1. 59 0.370 0.024 18 11/21/80 11: 00 0.019 33 1. 54 0.350 0.033 7 10/06/81 0:00 0.019 34 1. 4 9 0.330 0.025 16 10/28/82 16:00 0.018 35 1. 45 0.310 0.020 31 3/15/84 20:00 0.018 36 1. 41 0. 291 0.017 43 6/06/85 22:00 0.018 37 1. 37 0.271 0.022 24 1/18/86 16: 00 0.018 38 1. 33 0.251 0.031 9 10/26/86 0:00 0.018 39 1. 30 0.231 0.015 49 11/11/87 0:00 0.018 40 1. 27 0.211 0.019 32 8/21/89 17:00 0.018 41 1. 24 0. 191 0. 04 6 2 1/09/90 8:00 0.018 42 1. 21 0 .171 0.036 5 11/24/90 8:00 0.017 43 1.18 0.151 0.018 36 1/27 /92 15:00 0.017 44 1.15 0.131 0.013 50 11/01/92 16:00 0.017 45 1.12 0 .111 0.015 48 11/30/93 22:00 0.016 46 1.10 0.091 0.019 33 11/30/94 4:00 0.016 47 1. 08 0. 071 0.039 4 2/08/96 10:00 0.015 48 1. 05 0.051 0.031 8 1/02/97 6:00 0.015 49 1. 03 0.031 0.024 19 10/04/97 15:00 0. 013 50 1. 01 0. 011 B-35 SE 144°' Street June 2007 Co:nputed Peaks 0.063 100.00 0.990 Computed Peaks 0.053 50.00 0.980 Computed Peaks 0.045 25.00 0. 960 Computed Peaks 0.035 10.00 0.900 Computed Peaks 0.034 8.00 0.875 Computed Peaks 0.029 5.00 0.800 Computed Peaks 0. 021 2.00 0.500 Computed Peaks 0.018 1. 30 0.231 Flow Frequency Analysis LogPearson III Coefficients Time Series File:c-20.tsf Mean= -0.857 StdDev~ 0 .119 Project Location:Sea-Tac Skew~ 0. 941 ---Annual Peak Flow Rates--------Flow Frequency Analysis------- Flow Rate Rank Time of Peak --Peaks Rank Return Prob (CFS) (CFS) Period 0.135 24 2/16/49 21 :00 0.331 1 8 9. 50 0.989 0.331 1 3/03/50 16:00 0.258 2 32.13 0. 969 0 .173 10 2/09/51 2:00 0.222 3 19.58 0. 94 9 0 .115 37 10/15/51 13:00 0.218 4 14.08 0. 92 9 0. 106 44 3/24/53 15:00 0.210 5 10. 99 0.909 0.132 27 12/19/53 19:00 0 .197 6 9.01 0.889 0.133 26 2/07/55 17:00 0.195 7 7. 64 0.869 0.139 22 12/20/55 17:00 0.191 8 6.63 0.849 0.143 18 12/09/56 14:00 0.178 9 5.86 0.829 0.132 28 12/25/57 16:00 0.173 10 5.24 0.809 0 .116 34 1/26/59 20:00 0.170 11 4.75 0.789 0.135 23 2/06/60 17:00 0.170 12 4.34 0.769 0.140 21 2/14/61 21:00 0 .160 13 3.99 0.749 0 .114 38 11/22/61 2:00 0.158 14 3.70 0. 729 0 .114 39 12/15/62 2:00 0.155 15 3.44 0.709 0.135 25 12/31/63 23:00 0.150 16 3.22 0.690 0 .115 36 12/21/64 4:00 0.149 17 3.03 0.670 0 .114 40 1/05/66 16:00 0.143 18 2.85 0.650 0.170 11 11/13/66 19:00 0.140 19 2. 70 0.630 0 .191 8 8/24/68 16: 00 0.140 20 2.56 0.610 0.103 46 12/03/68 16: 00 0.140 21 2. 44 0.590 0 .113 41 1/13/70 22:00 0.139 22 2.32 0.570 0 .111 42 12/05/70 9:00 0.135 23 2.22 0.550 0.222 3 2/27/72 7:00 0.135 24 2.13 0.530 0.104 45 1/13/73 2:00 0.135 25 2.04 0.510 0 .116 35 11/28/73 9:00 0.133 26 1. 96 0. 4 90 0.149 17 12/26/74 23:00 0.132 27 1. 89 0.470 0.102 47 11/13/75 19:00 0.132 28 1. 82 0.450 0.129 29 8/26/77 2:00 0.129 29 1. 75 0.430 0.178 9 9/17/78 2:00 0.123 30 1. 70 0.410 0.160 13 9/08/79 15:00 0.122 31 1. 64 0.390 0 .140 19 12/14/79 21: 00 0.121 32 1.59 0.370 0.155 15 11/21/80 11: 00 0 .117 33 1. 54 0.350 0.210 5 10/06/81 0:00 0 .116 34 1. 4 9 0.330 0.158 14 10/28/82 16:00 0 .116 35 1.45 0.310 0.123 30 3/15/84 20:00 0 .115 36 1. 41 0.291 0.110 43 6/06/85 22:00 0 .115 37 1. 37 0.271 0.140 20 1/18/86 16:00 0 .114 38 1. 33 0.251 0 .197 6 10/26/86 0:00 0.114 39 1. 30 0.231 0.094 49 11/11/87 0:00 0.114 40 1. 27 0. 211 0.122 31 8/21/89 17:00 0.113 41 1. 24 0 .191 0.258 2 1/09/90 6:00 0.111 42 1.21 0. 171 0.218 4 11/24/90 8:00 0 .110 43 1.18 0.151 0 .117 33 1/27/92 15:00 0.106 44 1.15 o. 131 B-36 SE I 4.fn Street-June 2007 0.086 50 11/01/92 16: 00 0.104 45 1.12 0 .111 0.097 48 11/30/93 22:00 0.103 46 1.10 0.091 0.121 32 11/30/94 4:00 0.102 47 1. 08 0. 071 0.195 7 2/08/96 10: 00 0.097 48 1. 05 0.051 0.170 12 1/02/97 6:00 0.094 49 1. 03 0.031 0.150 16 10/04/97 15:00 0.086 50 1. 01 0. 011 Computed Peaks 0.315 100.00 0.990 Computed Peaks 0 .277 50.00 0.980 Computed Peaks 0.242 25.00 0.960 Computed Peaks 0.201 10.00 0.900 Computed Peaks 0.193 8.00 0.875 Computed Peaks 0 .171 5.00 0.800 Computed Peaks 0.133 2.00 0.500 Computed Peaks 0 .112 1. 30 0.231 Flow Frequency Analysis LogPearson III Coefficients Time Series File:c-30.tsf Mean= -0.949 StdDev-0.121 Project Location:Sea-Tac Skew= 0. 973 ---Annual Peak Flow Rates--------Flow Frequency Analysis------- Flow Rate Rank Time of Peak --Peaks Rank Return Prob (CFS) (CFS) Period 0.109 25 2/16/49 21:00 0. 276 1 89.50 0.989 0. 27 6 1 3/03/50 16:00 0.210 2 32.13 0. 969 0.143 9 2/09/51 2:00 0.183 3 19.58 0. 94 9 0. 092 37 10/15/51 13:00 0.176 4 14.08 0. 92 9 0.086 44 3/24/53 15:00 0.169 5 10.99 0. 909 0.106 27 12/19/53 19: 00 0 .161 6 9.01 0.889 0.108 26 2/07/55 17:00 0.158 7 7.64 0.869 0 .114 20 12/20/55 17:00 0.154 8 6.63 0.849 0 .116 18 12/09/56 14:00 0.143 9 5.86 0.829 0.106 28 12/25/57 16: 00 0.143 10 5.24 0.809 0.095 33 1/26/59 20:00 0.139 11 4. 7 5 0.789 0 .110 23 2/06/60 17:00 0.137 12 4. 34 0.769 0 .114 19 2/14/61 21:00 0.129 13 3.99 0.749 0. 0 92 38 11/22/61 2:00 0 .127 14 3.70 0.729 0. 092 39 12/15/62 2:00 0.124 15 3.44 0.709 0.109 24 12/31/63 23:00 0.121 16 3.22 0.690 0. 093 36 12/21/64 4:00 0.120 17 3.03 0. 670 0. 091 40 1/05/66 16:00 0 .116 18 2. 85 0.650 0.137 12 11/13/66 19:00 0 .114 19 2.70 0.630 0.154 8 8/24/68 16:00 0 .114 20 2.56 0.610 0.083 46 12/03/68 16:00 0 .113 21 2.44 0. 590 0. 091 41 1/13/70 22:00 0 .113 22 2.32 0.570 0.089 42 12/05/70 9:00 0 .110 23 2.22 0.550 0.183 3 2/27 /72 7:00 0.109 24 2.13 0.530 0.084 45 1/13/73 2:00 0.109 25 2.04 0.510 0.093 35 11/28/73 9:00 0.108 26 1. 96 0.490 0.120 17 12/26/74 23:00 0.106 27 1. 89 0.470 0.082 47 11/13/75 19:00 0.106 28 1. 82 0.450 0.104 29 8/26/77 2:00 0.104 29 1. 75 0.430 0.143 10 9/17 /78 2:00 0.099 30 1. 70 0.410 0.129 13 9/08/79 15:00 0.098 31 1. 64 0.390 0 .113 21 12/14/79 21: 00 0.097 32 1. 59 0.370 0.124 15 11/21/80 11: 00 0.095 33 1. 54 0.350 0.169 5 10/06/81 0:00 0. 094 34 1. 4 9 0.330 0.127 14 10/28/82 16: 00 0.093 35 1. 45 0.310 0.099 30 3/15/84 20:00 0.093 36 1. 41 0.291 0.088 43 6/06/85 22: 00 0. 092 37 1.37 0.271 0 .113 22 1/18/86 16: 00 0. 092 38 1. 33 0.251 B-37 SE 144'~ Street June 2007 0.158 7 10/26/86 0: 00 0.092 39 1. 30 0.231 0. 07 6 49 11/11/87 0:00 0. 0 91 40 1.27 0. 211 0.098 31 8/21/89 17: 00 0.091 41 1.24 0.191 0.210 2 1/09/90 6:00 0.089 42 1. 21 0 .171 0.176 4 11/24/90 8: 00 0.088 43 1.18 0.151 0. 0 94 34 1/27/92 15:00 0.086 44 1.15 0.131 0.069 50 11/01/92 16:00 0.084 45 1.12 0 .111 0.078 48 11/30/93 22:00 0.083 46 1.10 0.091 0.097 32 11/30/94 4:00 0.082 47 1. 08 0.071 0.161 6 2/08/96 10:00 0.078 48 1. 05 0.051 0.139 11 1/02/97 6:00 0. 07 6 49 1. 03 0.031 0.121 16 10/04/97 15:00 0.069 50 1. 01 0. 011 Computed Peaks 0.259 100.00 0.990 Computed Peaks 0.227 50.00 0.980 Computed Peaks 0 .198 25.00 0. 960 Computed Peaks 0 .163 10.00 0.900 Computed Peaks 0.157 8.00 0.875 Computed Peaks 0 .139 5.00 0.800 Computed Peaks 0.107 2.00 0.500 Computed Peaks 0.090 1. 30 0.231 Flow Frequency Analysis LogPearson III Coefficients Time Series File:c-40.tsf Mean= -1.104 StdDev~ 0.105 Project Location:Sea-Tac Skew= 0.664 ---Annual Peak Flow Rates--------Flow Frequency Analysis------- Flow Rate Rank Time of Peak --Peaks Rank Return Prob (CFS) (CFS) Period 0.078 21 2/16/49 21:0C 0.145 1 89.50 0.989 0.145 1 3/03/50 16:0C 0.135 2 32.13 0.969 0.085 17 2/09/51 2:00 0.124 3 19.58 0.949 0.068 35 10/15/51 13:00 0.121 4 14.08 0.929 0. 0 62 43 3/24/53 15:00 0 .116 5 10.99 0.909 0.074 27 12/19/53 19:00 0 .112 6 9.01 0.889 0 .077 23 11/25/ 54 2:00 0.107 7 7.64 0.869 0.075 26 11/18/55 15:00 0.105 8 6.63 0.849 0.084 18 12/C9/56 14:00 0.100 9 5.86 0.829 0.077 22 12/25/57 16:00 0.094 10 5.24 0.809 0.061 44 1/26/59 20:00 0.094 11 4.75 0.789 0. 072 28 11/20/59 5:00 0.093 12 4.34 0.769 0.072 29 2/14/61 21:00 0. 091 13 3.99 0.749 0. 067 37 11/22/61 2:00 0.089 14 3.70 0.729 0.065 40 12/15/62 2:00 0.088 15 3.44 0.709 0.076 24 12/31/63 23:00 0.088 16 3.22 0.690 0.067 36 12/21/64 4:00 0.085 17 3. 03 0.670 0.066 39 1/05/66 16:00 0.084 18 2.85 0.650 0.100 9 11/13/66 19:00 0.083 19 2.70 0.630 0 .112 6 8/24/68 16:00 0.080 20 2.56 0.610 0.060 45 12/03/68 16:00 0.078 21 2.44 0.590 0.067 38 1/13/70 22:00 0. 077 22 2.32 0.570 0.065 41 12/05/70 9:00 0.077 23 2.22 0.550 0.107 7 2/27 /72 7:00 0. 07 6 24 2.13 0.530 0.060 46 1/13/73 2: 00 0. 07 6 25 2. 04 0.510 0.068 34 11/28/73 9:00 0. 075 26 1. 96 0.490 0.088 15 12/26/74 23:00 0.074 27 1. 8 9 0.470 0.060 47 11/13/75 19: 00 0 .072 28 1. 82 0.450 0.076 25 8/26/77 2:00 0 .072 29 1. 75 0.430 0.105 8 9/17/78 2:00 0 .072 30 1. 70 0.410 0. 0 94 10 9/08/79 15:00 0 .071 31 1. 64 0.390 0.083 19 12/14/79 21: 00 0.070 32 1. 59 0.370 B-38 SE I 44'n Street-June 2007 0.091 13 11/21/80 11: 00 0.069 33 1. 54 0.350 0.124 3 10/06/81 0:00 0.068 34 1. 49 0.330 0.093 12 10/28/82 16:00 0.068 35 1. 45 0.310 0.070 32 1/03/84 1:00 0.067 36 1. 41 0. 2 91 0.064 42 6/06/85 22:00 0.067 37 1. 37 0.271 0.080 20 1/18/86 16: 00 0.067 38 1. 33 0.251 0 .116 5 10/26/86 0:00 0.066 39 1. 30 0.231 0.055 49 11/11/87 0:00 0.065 40 1.27 0. 211 0.072 30 8/21/89 17:00 0.065 41 1. 24 0.191 0 .135 2 1/09/90 6:00 0.064 42 1. 21 0 .171 0.121 4 11/24/90 8:00 0.062 43 1.18 0.151 0.069 33 1/27/92 15:00 0.061 44 1.15 0.131 0.050 50 11/01/92 16:00 0.060 45 1.12 0 .111 0.057 48 9/03/94 10:00 0.060 46 1.10 0.091 0.071 31 11/30/94 4:00 0.060 47 1. 08 0.071 0.094 11 2/08/96 10:00 0.057 48 1. 05 0.051 0.088 16 1/02/97 6:00 0.055 49 1. 03 0.031 0.089 14 10/04/97 15:00 0.050 50 1. 01 0. 011 Computed Peaks 0.154 100.00 0.990 Computed Peaks 0 .140 50.00 0.980 Computed Peaks 0.126 25.00 0. 960 Computed Peaks 0.108 10.00 0.900 Computed Peaks 0.105 8.00 0.875 Computed Peaks 0.095 5.00 0.800 Computed Peaks 0.077 2.00 0.500 Computed Peaks 0.065 1. 30 0.231 Flow Frequency Analysis LogPearson III Coefficients Time Series File:c-42.tsf Mean= -0.747 StdDev= 0 .110 Project Location:Sea-Tac Skew= 0. 7 94 ---Annual Peak Flow Rates--------Flow Frequency Analysis------- Flow Rate Rank Time of Peak --Peaks Rank Return Prob (CFS) (CFS) Period 0 .175 21 2/16/49 21:00 0. 372 1 89.50 0.989 0.372 1 3/03/50 16:00 0. 319 2 32.13 0. 969 0.207 14 2/09/51 2:00 0.277 3 19.58 0. 94 9 0.151 36 10/15/51 13:00 0. 27 6 4 14.08 0. 92 9 0.139 44 3/24/53 15:00 0. 2 63 5 10.99 0. 909 0.169 28 12/19/53 19: 00 0.259 6 9.01 0. 88 9 0 .172 25 11/25/54 2:00 0.251 7 7.64 0.869 0 .172 23 12/20/55 17:00 0.234 8 6.63 0.849 0.188 18 12/09/56 14:00 0.230 9 5.86 0.829 0 .172 24 12/25/57 16:00 0.224 10 5.24 0.809 0.144 43 1/26/59 20:00 0.210 11 4.75 0.789 0 .167 29 2/06/60 17:00 0.209 12 4.34 0.769 0.171 26 2/14/61 21:00 0.208 13 3. 99 0.749 0.149 37 11/22/61 2:00 0.207 14 3.70 0. 729 0.147 40 12/15/62 2:00 0.203 15 3.44 0.709 0.174 22 12/31/63 23:00 0 .197 16 3.22 0.690 0.151 35 12/21/64 4:00 0 .196 17 3.03 0.670 0 .149 38 1/05/66 16: 00 0.188 18 2.85 0.650 0.224 10 11/13/66 19:00 0.185 19 2.70 0.630 0.251 7 8/24/68 16: 00 0.182 20 2.56 0.610 0.135 46 12/03/68 16:00 0.175 21 2.44 0.590 0.148 39 1/13/70 22:00 0.174 22 2.32 0.570 0.146 41 12/05/70 9:00 0.172 23 2.22 0.550 0. 2 63 5 2/27/72 7:00 0.172 24 2.13 0.530 0.136 45 1/13/73 2:00 0 .172 25 2. 04 0.510 0.153 34 11/28/73 9:00 0 .171 26 1.96 0. 4 90 B-39 SE 14,tn Street-June 2007 D .196 17 12/26/74 23:00 0 .170 27 1. 8 9 0.470 D .134 47 11/13/75 19: 00 0.169 28 1. 82 0.450 0.170 27 8/26/77 2:00 0.167 29 1. 75 0.430 0.234 8 9/17/78 2:00 0.160 30 1. 70 0. 410 0.210 11 9/08/79 15:00 0.158 31 1.64 0.390 0.185 19 12/14/79 21:00 0.158 32 1. 59 0.370 0.203 15 11/21/80 11: 00 0.154 33 1.54 0.350 0.276 4 10/06/81 0:00 0.153 34 1. 4 9 0.330 0.208 13 10/28/82 16:00 0.151 35 1.45 0.310 0.158 32 1/03/84 1: OD 0.151 36 1. 41 0.291 0.144 42 6/06/85 22:00 0.149 37 1. 37 0.271 0.182 20 1/18/86 16:00 0.149 38 1. 33 0.251 0.259 6 10/26/86 0:00 0.148 39 1. 30 0.231 0.124 49 11/11/87 0: DO 0.147 40 1.27 0. 211 0.160 30 8/21/89 17:00 0.146 41 1. 24 0.191 0.319 2 1/09/90 6: 00 0.144 42 1.21 0 .171 0.277 3 11/24/90 8:00 0.144 43 1.18 0.151 0.154 33 1/27/92 15:00 0.139 44 1. 15 0.131 0 .113 50 11/01/92 16:00 0.136 45 1.12 0 .111 0.128 48 11/30/93 22:00 0.135 46 1. 10 0.091 0.158 31 11/30/94 4:00 0.134 47 1. 08 0.071 0.230 9 2/08/96 10:00 0.128 48 1. 05 0.051 0.209 12 1/02/97 6:00 0.124 49 1. 03 0.031 0.197 16 10/04/97 15:00 0.113 50 1. 01 0. 011 Computed Peaks 0.373 100.00 0.990 Computed Peaks 0.334 SO.DO 0.980 Computed Peaks 0. 2 97 25.00 0. 960 Computed Peaks 0.251 10.00 0.900 Computed Peaks 0.243 8.00 0.875 Computed Peaks 0. 218 5.00 0.800 Computed Peaks 0.173 2.00 0.500 Computed Peaks 0.147 1. 30 0.231 Flow Frequency Analysis LogPearson III Coefficients Time Series File:c-44.tsf Mean= -0. 596 StdDev~ 0. 096 Project Location:Sea-Tac Skew= 0.562 ---Annual Peak Flow Rates--------Flow Frequency Analysis------- Flow Rate Rank Time of Peak --Peaks Rank Return Prob (CFS) (CFS) Period 0.253 21 2/16/49 21: 00 0.407 1 89.50 0. 98 9 0.368 6 3/03/50 16: 00 0.407 2 32 .13 0. 969 0.246 25 2/09/51 2:00 0.382 3 19.58 0.949 0.223 34 10/15/51 13:00 0.382 4 14. 08 0. 929 0.203 43 3/24/53 15:00 0.370 5 10.99 0.909 0.239 28 12/19/53 19:00 0.368 6 9. 01 0.889 0.253 22 11/25/54 2:00 0.345 7 7. 64 0.869 0.247 24 11/18/55 15:00 0.330 8 6.63 0.849 0.278 15 12/09/56 14: 00 0.310 9 5.86 0.829 0.254 20 12/25/57 16:00 0.307 10 5.24 0.809 0.194 47 11/03/58 17:00 0.303 11 4.75 0.789 0.239 27 11/20/59 5:00 0.300 12 4.34 0.769 0.214 40 2/14/61 21:00 0. 2 92 13 3.99 0. 74 9 0.221 36 11/22/61 2:00 0.289 14 3.70 0. 729 0.211 42 12/15/62 2:00 0 .278 15 3.44 0.709 0.244 26 12/31/63 23:00 0 .273 16 3.22 0.690 0.221 35 12/21/64 4:00 0.268 17 3.03 0.670 0. 219 38 1/05/66 16:00 0. 2 62 18 2.85 0.650 0.330 8 11/13/66 19:00 0. 2 60 19 2.70 0.630 0.370 5 8/24/68 16:00 0.254 20 2.56 0. 610 B-40 SE 144'h Street-June 2007 0.198 44 12/03/68 16: 00 0.253 21 2.44 0.590 0.220 37 1/13/70 22: 00 0.253 22 2.32 0.570 0.215 39 12/05/70 9:00 0.251 23 2.22 0.550 0.303 11 12/08/71 18:00 0.247 24 2.13 0.530 0.197 46 1/13/73 2:00 0. 24 6 25 2.04 0.51G 0. 22 6 33 11/28/73 9:00 0.244 26 1. 96 0.490 0.289 14 12/26/74 23:00 0.239 27 1. 89 0.470 0.198 45 11/13/7 5 19:00 0.239 28 1. 82 0.450 0.251 23 8/26/77 2:00 0.237 29 1. 75 0.430 0.345 7 9/17 /78 2:00 0.234 30 1. 70 0.410 0.310 9 9/08/79 15:00 0.231 31 1. 64 0.390 0. 273 16 12/14/79 21:00 0.228 32 1. 59 0.370 0.300 12 11/21/80 11: 00 0. 22 6 33 1. 54 0.350 0.407 1 10/06/81 0:00 0.223 34 1. 49 0.330 0.307 10 10/28/82 16: 00 0.221 35 1. 45 0.310 0.231 31 1/03/84 1:00 0.221 36 1. 41 0. 2 91 0.213 41 6/06/85 22:00 0.220 37 1. 37 0.271 0.262 18 1/18/86 16: 00 0.219 38 1. 33 0.251 0.382 3 10/26/86 0:00 0.215 39 1. 30 0.231 0.183 49 11/11/87 0:00 0.214 40 1. 27 o .211 0.237 29 8/21/89 17:00 0.213 41 1. 24 0.191 0.407 2 1/09/90 6:00 0.211 42 1.21 0.171 0.382 4 11/24/90 8:00 0.203 43 1.18 0. 151 0.228 32 1/27/92 15:00 0.198 44 1.15 0.131 0.166 50 11/01/92 16: 00 0 .198 45 1.12 0 .111 0.189 48 11/30/93 22:00 0.197 46 1.10 0. 0 91 0.234 30 11/30/94 4:00 0 .194 47 1. 08 0. 071 0.268 17 2/08/96 10:00 0.189 48 1. 05 0.051 0.260 19 1/02/97 6:00 0.183 49 1. 03 0.031 0. 292 13 10/04/97 15:00 0.166 50 1. 01 0. 011 Computed Peaks 0. 4 62 100.00 0.990 Computed Peaks 0.425 50.00 0.980 Computed Peaks 0.388 25.00 o. 960 Computed Peaks 0. 340 10.00 0.900 Computed Peaks 0.330 8.00 0.875 Computed Peaks 0. 303 5.00 0.800 Computed Peaks 0. 24 9 2. 00 0.500 Computed Peaks 0. 214 1. 30 0.231 Flow Frequency Analysis LogPearson III Coefficients Time Series File:c-50.tsf Mean= -0.884 StdDev-0.095 Project Location:Sea-Tac Skew= 0.562 ---Annual Peak Flow Rates--------Flow Frequency Analysis------- Flow Rate Rank Time of Peak --Peaks Rank Return Prob (CFS) (CFS) Period 0.130 21 2/16/49 21:00 0.210 1 89.50 0.989 0 .190 6 3/03/50 16:00 0.209 2 32.13 0. 969 0.127 25 2/09/51 2:00 0 .196 3 19.58 0. 949 0 .115 34 10/15/51 13:00 0 .196 4 14. 08 0. 929 0.105 43 3/24/53 15:00 0 .191 5 10.99 0.909 0.123 28 12/19/53 19:00 0.190 6 9.01 0.889 0.130 22 11/25/54 2:00 0.178 7 7. 64 0.869 0.127 24 11/18/55 15:00 0.170 8 6.63 0. 84 9 0 .143 15 12/09/56 14:00 0.160 9 5. 8 6 0. 82 9 0.131 20 12/25/57 16: 00 0.158 10 5.24 0.809 0.100 47 11/03/58 17:00 0.156 11 4.75 0.789 0.123 27 11/20/59 5:00 0.154 12 4.34 0.769 0.110 40 2/14/61 21:00 0.150 13 3.99 0.749 0.114 35 11/22/61 2:00 0.149 14 3.70 0. 729 B-41 SE 14.fn Street -June 2007 0.109 42 12/15/62 2:00 0.143 15 3.44 0.709 0.126 26 12/31/63 23:00 0.140 16 3.22 0.690 D .114 36 12/21/64 4:00 0.138 17 3.03 0. 670 0 .112 38 1/05/66 16:00 0.135 18 2.85 0.650 0.170 8 11/13/66 19:00 0.134 19 2.70 0.630 0.191 5 8/24/68 16:00 0.131 20 2.56 0.610 0.102 44 12/03/68 16:00 0.130 21 2.44 0.590 0 .113 37 1/13/70 22:00 0.130 22 2.32 0.570 o .111 39 12/05/70 9:00 0.129 23 2 .22 0.550 0.156 11 12/08/71 18:00 0 .127 24 2 .13 0.530 0.101 46 1/13/73 2:00 0.127 25 2.04 0.510 0 .116 33 11/28/73 9:00 0.126 26 1. 96 o. 4 90 0.149 14 12/26/74 23:00 0.123 27 1. 89 0.470 0.102 45 11/13/75 19:00 0.123 28 1. 82 0.450 0.129 23 8/26/77 2:00 0.122 29 1. 75 0.430 0.178 7 9/17 /78 2:00 0.120 30 1. 70 0.410 0.160 9 9/08/79 15:00 D .119 31 1. 64 0.390 0.140 16 12/14/79 21: 00 0. 117 32 1. 59 0.370 0.154 12 11/21/80 11: DO D .116 33 1. 54 0.350 0.210 1 10/06/81 0:00 D .115 34 1. 4 9 0.330 0.158 10 10/28/82 16:00 0 .114 35 1. 45 0.310 D .119 31 1/03/84 1:00 0.114 36 1. 41 0. 2 91 0 .110 41 6/06/85 22:00 0.113 37 1. 37 o. n1 0.135 18 1/18/86 16:00 0 .112 38 1. 33 0.251 0 .196 3 10/26/86 0:00 0 .111 39 1. 30 0.231 0. 0 94 49 11/11/87 0:00 0 .110 40 1. 27 0 .211 0.122 29 8/21/89 17:00 0 .110 41 1.24 0 .191 0.209 2 1/09/90 6:00 0.109 42 1. 21 0 .171 0 .196 4 11/24/90 8:00 0.105 43 1.18 0.151 0.117 32 1/27/92 15:00 0.102 44 1.15 0.131 0.086 50 11/01/92 16: 00 0.102 45 1.12 0 .111 0.097 48 11/30/93 22:00 0.101 46 1.10 0. 091 0.120 30 11/30/94 4:00 0.100 47 1. 08 0.071 0.138 17 2/08/96 10:00 0.097 48 1. 05 0.051 0.134 19 1/02/97 6:00 0.094 49 1. 03 0.031 0.150 13 10/04/97 15:00 0.086 50 1. 01 0. 011 Computed Peaks 0.238 100.00 0.990 Computed Peaks 0.219 50.00 0.980 Computed Peaks 0.200 25.00 0. 960 Computed Peaks 0.175 10.00 0.900 Computed Peaks 0 .170 8.00 0.875 Computed Peaks 0.156 5.00 0.800 Computed Peaks 0.128 2.00 0.500 Computed Peaks 0.110 1. 30 0.231 Flow Frequency Analysis LogPearson III Coefficients Time Series File:c-52.tsf Mean= -0.457 StdDev= 0 .118 Project Location:Sea-Tac Skew= 0.538 ---Annual Peak Flow Rates--------Flow Frequency Analysis------- Flow Rate Rank Time of Peak --Peaks Rank Return Prob (CFS) (CFS) Period 0.357 21 2/16/49 21:00 0.701 1 8 9. 50 0. 989 0.701 1 3/03/50 16: 00 0.669 2 32 .13 0. 969 0.397 15 2/09/51 2:00 0.592 3 19.58 0. 94 9 0.278 40 10/15/51 13: 00 0.563 4 14. 08 0.929 0.270 45 3/24/53 15:00 0.500 5 10.99 0.909 0.335 26 12/19/53 19:00 0.488 6 9. 01 0.889 0.338 24 11/25/54 2:00 0.484 7 7.64 0.869 0.340 23 12/20/55 17:00 0.452 8 6.63 0.849 B-41 SE 144'1' Street-June 2007 0.394 17 12/09/56 14:00 0.448 9 5. 86 0.829 0.345 22 12/25/57 16:00 0.427 10 5.24 0.809 0.267 46 1/26/59 20:00 0.423 11 4.75 0.789 0.333 27 11/20/59 5:00 0.405 12 4. 34 0.769 0.317 30 2/14/61 21: 00 0.404 13 3.99 0.749 0.289 38 11/22/61 2:00 0.402 14 3.70 0. 72 9 0.299 35 12/15/62 2:00 0.397 15 3.44 0.709 0.336 25 12/31/63 2 3: 00 0.396 16 3.22 0.690 0.295 37 12/21/64 4:00 0.394 17 3.03 0.670 0.298 36 1/05/66 16:00 0.389 18 2.85 0.650 0.452 8 11/13/66 19:00 0.387 19 2.70 0.630 0.488 6 8/24/68 16: 00 0.374 20 2.56 0.610 0.272 42 12/03/68 16:00 0.357 21 2.44 0.590 0.300 34 1/13/70 22:00 0.345 22 2. 32 0.570 0.286 39 12/06/70 8:00 0.340 23 2.22 0.550 0.500 5 2/27 /72 7:00 0.338 24 2.13 0.530 0.265 47 1/13/73 2:00 0.336 25 2. 04 0.510 0.320 28 11/28/73 9:00 0.335 26 1. 96 0. 4 90 0.423 11 12/26/74 23:00 0.333 27 1.89 0.470 0. 271 43 12/02/75 20:00 0.320 28 1. 82 0.450 0.312 31 8/26/77 2:00 0.319 29 1. 7 5 0.430 0.427 10 9/17/78 2:00 0.317 30 1. 70 0.410 0.374 20 9/08/79 15:00 0.312 31 1. 64 0.390 0.387 19 12/14/79 21:00 0.310 32 1. 59 0.370 0.404 13 11/21/80 11: 00 0.307 33 1. 54 0.350 0.563 4 10/06/81 0:00 0.300 34 1. 4 9 0.330 0. 396 16 10/28/82 16:00 0.299 35 1. 45 0.310 0.319 29 1/03/84 1:00 0.298 36 1. 41 0. 2 91 0.270 44 6/06/85 22: 00 0.295 37 1. 37 0.271 0.389 18 1/18/86 16:00 0.289 38 1. 33 0.251 0.484 7 10/26/86 0:00 0.286 39 1. 30 0.231 0.212 49 11/11/87 0:00 0.278 40 1.27 0. 211 0.275 41 8/21/89 17:00 0.275 41 1. 24 0.191 0.669 2 1/09/90 6:00 0.272 42 1.21 0.171 0.592 3 11/24/90 8:00 0.271 43 1.18 0.151 0.310 32 1/27 /92 15:00 0. 270 44 1.15 0.131 0.199 50 11/01/92 16: 00 0.270 45 1.12 0 .111 0.232 48 11/30/93 22 :00 0. 2 67 46 1.10 0.091 0.307 33 11/30/94 4:00 0. 2 65 47 1. 08 0 .071 0.448 9 2/08/96 10:00 0. 232 48 1. 05 0.051 0.402 14 1/02/97 6:00 0.212 49 1.03 0.031 0.405 12 10/04/97 15:00 0.199 50 1. 01 0.011 Computed Peaks 0.729 100.00 0.990 Computed Peaks 0.657 50.00 0.980 Computed Peaks 0.588 25.00 0. 960 Computed Peaks 0.501 10.00 0.900 Computed Peaks 0.483 8.00 0.875 Computed Peaks 0.435 5.00 0.800 Computed Peaks 0.341 2.00 0.500 Computed Peaks 0.283 1. 30 0.231 Flow Frequency Analysis LogPearson III Coefficients Time Series File:c-54.tsf Mean= -0.367 StdDev-0 .117 Project Location:Sea-Tac Skew= 0.588 ---Annual Peak Flow Rates--------Flow Frequency Analysis------- Flow Rate Rank Time of Peak --Peaks Rank Return Prob (CFS) (CFS) Period 0.437 21 2/16/49 21 :00 0.876 1 89.50 0. 989 0.876 1 3/03/50 16:00 0.818 2 32.13 0. 969 B-43 SE I 44'n Street-June 2007 0.493 14 2/09/51 2:00 0.720 3 19.58 0.949 0.345 40 10/15/51 13:00 0.687 4 14. 08 0. 929 0.332 44 3/24/53 15:00 0.622 5 10.99 0.909 0. 411 26 12/19/53 19:00 0.600 6 9.01 0.889 0.415 24 11/25/54 2: 00 0.598 7 7.64 0.869 0.420 23 12/20/55 17:00 0.556 8 6.63 0.849 0.480 17 12/09/56 14: 00 0.552 9 5. 86 0.829 0.422 22 12/25/57 16:00 0.530 10 5.24 0.809 0.332 45 1/26/59 20:00 0.513 11 4.75 0.789 0.407 27 11/20/59 5:00 0.498 12 4.34 0.769 0.395 28 2/14/61 21:00 0.494 13 3.99 0. 749 0.356 38 11/22/61 2:00 0.493 14 3.70 0.729 0.366 35 12/15/62 2:00 0.493 15 3.44 0.709 0.415 25 12/31/63 23:00 0.488 16 3.22 0.690 0.363 37 12/21/64 4:00 0.480 17 3.03 0.670 0.365 36 1/05/66 16:00 0.473 18 2.85 0.650 0.552 9 11/13/66 19:00 0.470 19 2.70 0.630 0.600 6 8/24/68 16:00 0.466 20 2.56 0.610 0.333 43 12/03/68 16:00 0.437 21 2.44 0.590 0.367 34 1/13/70 22 :00 0.422 22 2. 32 0.570 0.350 39 12/06/70 8:00 0.420 23 2 .22 0.550 0.622 5 2/27 /72 7:00 0.415 24 2. 13 0.530 0. 327 47 1/13/73 2:00 0.415 25 2.04 0.510 0.389 30 11/28/73 9:00 0.411 26 1. 96 0. 4 90 0.513 11 12/26/74 23:00 0.407 27 1. 89 0.470 0.332 46 12/02/75 20:00 0.395 28 1. 82 0.450 0.386 31 8/26/77 2:00 0. 391 29 1. 75 0.430 0.530 10 9/17 /78 2:00 0.389 30 1. 70 0.410 0. 4 66 20 9/08/79 15:00 0.386 31 1. 64 0. 390 0.470 19 12/14/79 21 :00 0. 37 9 32 1. 59 0.370 0. 4 94 13 11/21/80 11 :00 0.377 33 1. 54 0.350 0.687 4 10/06/81 0:00 0.367 34 1.49 0.330 0.488 16 10/28/82 16:00 0.366 35 1. 45 0.310 0.391 29 3/15/84 20:00 0.365 36 1. 41 0. 291 0.334 42 6/06/85 22:00 0.363 37 1. 37 0.271 0.473 18 1/18/86 16:00 0.356 38 1. 33 0.251 0.598 7 10/26/86 0: 00 0.350 39 1. 30 0.231 0.266 49 11/11/87 0: 00 0.345 40 1.27 0. 211 0.345 41 8/21/89 17:00 0.345 41 1. 24 0 .191 0.818 2 1/09/90 6:00 0.334 42 1. 21 0.171 0. 720 3 11/24/90 8:00 0.333 43 1.18 0.151 0. 37 9 32 1/27/92 15:00 0.332 44 1.15 0.131 0.248 50 11/01 / 92 16: 00 0.332 45 1.12 0 .111 0.288 48 11/30/93 22:00 0.332 46 1.10 0.091 0.377 33 11/30/94 4:00 0 .327 47 1. 08 0.071 0. 55 6 8 2/08/96 10:00 0.288 48 1. 05 0.051 0. 4 98 12 1/02/97 6:00 0. 2 66 49 1. 03 0.031 0. 4 93 15 10/04/97 15:00 0.248 50 1. 01 0.011 Computed Peaks 0.902 100.00 0.990 Computed Peaks 0. 811 50.00 0.980 Computed Peaks 0.724 25.00 0. 960 Computed Peaks 0.615 10.00 0.900 Computed Peaks 0.593 8.00 0.875 Computed Peaks 0.534 5.00 0.800 Computed Peaks 0.419 2.00 0.500 Computed Peaks 0. 34 9 1. 30 0.231 Flow Frequency Analysis LogPearson III Coefficients Time Series File:c-60.tsf Mean= -0.876 StdDev-0 .096 Project Location:Sea-Tac Skew= 0.561 B-44 SE 14(" Street-June 2007 ---Annual Peak Flow Rates--------Flow Frequency Analysis------- Flow Rate Rank Time of Peak --Peaks Rank Return Prob (CFS) (CFS) Period 0.133 21 2/16/49 21:00 0.214 1 89.50 0.989 0.193 6 3/03/50 16:00 0. 213 2 32.13 0. 969 0.129 25 2/09/51 2:00 0.201 3 19.58 0. 94 9 0 .117 34 10/15/51 13:00 0.200 4 14.08 0. 92 9 0.107 43 3/24/53 15:00 0 .195 5 10.99 0. 909 0.125 27 12/19/53 19: 00 0 .193 6 9.01 0.889 0 .133 22 11/25/54 2:00 0.181 7 7.64 0.869 0.130 24 11/18/55 15:00 0.173 8 6.63 0. 84 9 0.146 15 12/09/56 14:00 0 .163 9 5.86 0. 82 9 0 .133 20 12/25/57 16: 00 0.162 10 5.24 0.809 0.102 47 11/03/58 17:00 0.159 11 4.75 0.789 0.125 28 11/20/59 5:00 0.157 12 4.34 0.769 0 .112 40 2/14/61 21:00 0.153 13 3.99 0. 749 0 .116 35 11/22/61 2:00 0.152 14 3.70 0.729 0 .111 42 12/15/62 2:00 0 .146 15 3.44 0.709 0.128 26 12/31/63 23:00 0.143 16 3.22 0.690 0 .116 36 12/21/64 4:00 0.140 17 3.03 0.670 0 .115 38 1/05/66 16: 00 0.138 18 2.85 0.650 0 .173 8 11/13/66 19: 00 0.137 19 2.70 0.630 0.195 5 8/24/68 16:00 0.133 20 2.56 0.610 0.104 44 12/03/68 16:00 0.133 21 2.44 0.590 0 .116 37 1/13/70 22:00 0.133 22 2. 32 0.570 0 .113 39 12/05/70 9:00 0.132 23 2.22 0.550 0.159 11 12/08/71 18:00 0 .130 24 2.13 0.530 0.103 46 1/13/73 2:00 0.129 25 2.04 0.510 0 .118 33 11/28/73 9:00 0.128 26 1. 96 0.490 0 .152 14 12/26/74 23:00 0.125 27 1. 89 0.470 0.104 45 11/13/75 19: 00 0.125 28 1. 82 0.450 0.132 23 8/26/77 2:00 0.124 29 1. 7 5 0.430 0.181 7 9/17/78 2:00 0.123 30 1.70 0.410 0.163 9 9/08/79 15:00 0.121 31 1. 64 0.390 0.143 16 12/14/79 21:00 0.120 32 1. 59 0.370 0.157 12 11/21/80 11: 00 0 .118 33 1. 54 0.350 0. 214 1 10/06/81 0:00 0 .117 34 1. 4 9 0.330 0.162 10 10/28/82 16:00 0 .116 35 1. 45 0.310 0.121 31 1/03/84 1:00 0 .116 36 1. 41 0. 291 0 .112 41 6/06/85 22:00 0 .116 37 1. 37 0.271 0.138 18 1/18/86 16:00 0.115 38 1. 33 0.251 0.201 3 10/26/86 0:00 0 .113 39 1. 30 0.231 0 .096 49 11/11/87 0:00 0 .112 40 1. 27 0 .211 0.124 29 8/21/89 17:00 0 .112 41 1. 24 0 .191 0. 213 2 1/09/90 6:00 0 .111 42 1.21 0 .171 0.200 4 11/24/90 8: 00 0.107 43 1.18 0.151 0.120 32 1/27 /92 15:00 0.104 44 1.15 0.131 0.087 50 11/01/92 16:00 0.104 45 1.12 0 .111 0.099 48 11/30/93 22:00 0.103 46 1.10 0. 091 0.123 30 11/30/94 4:00 0.102 47 1. 08 0. 071 0.140 17 2/08/96 10:00 0.099 48 1. 05 0.051 0.137 19 1/02/97 6:00 0.096 49 1. 03 0.031 0.153 13 10/04/97 15:00 0.087 50 1. 01 0. 011 Computed Peaks 0.243 100.00 0.990 Computed Peaks 0.223 50.00 0.980 Computed Peaks 0.204 25.00 0. 960 Computed Peaks 0.178 10.00 0. 900 Computed Peaks 0.173 8. 00 0.875 Computed Peaks 0.159 5.00 0.800 B-45 SE J4,(h Street-June 2007 Computed Peaks 0.130 2.00 0.500 Computed Peaks 0 .112 1.30 0.231 Flow Frequency Analysis LogPearson III Coefficients Time Series File:c-70.tsf Mean= -0. 327 StdDev= 0.133 Project Locacion:Sea-Tac Skew= 0.509 ---Annual Peak Flow Rates--------Flow Frequency Analysis------- Flow Rate Rank Time of Peak --Peaks Rank Return Prob (CFS) (CFS) Period 0. 4 92 20 2/16/49 21: 00 1. 06 1 8 9. 50 0.989 1. 06 1 3/03/50 16:00 0.988 2 32.13 0. 969 0.578 11 2/09/51 2:00 o. s 61 3 19.58 0.949 0.353 45 1/30/52 8:00 0.781 4 14.08 0. 92 9 0.354 44 3/24/53 15:00 0.729 5 10.99 o. 90 9 o. 454 25 12/19/53 19:00 0.667 6 9.01 0.889 0.470 22 2/07/55 17:00 0.635 7 7.64 0.869 0.485 21 12/20/55 17:00 0.610 8 6.63 0.849 D. 54 9 16 12/09/56 14: 00 0.607 9 5.86 0.829 0.462 23 12/25/57 16:00 0.604 10 5.24 0.809 0. 361 42 1/26/59 20:00 0.578 11 4.75 0.789 0.461 24 11/20/59 5:00 0.568 12 4.34 0.769 0.432 30 2/14/61 21:00 0. 562 13 3.99 0.749 0.376 39 11/22/61 2:00 0.557 14 3.70 0. 729 D. 411 32 12/15/62 2:00 0.551 15 3.44 0.709 0.451 26 12/31/63 23:00 0. 54 9 16 3.22 0.690 0. 38 9 37 12/21/64 4:00 0.540 17 3.03 0. 670 0.402 34 1/05/66 16: 00 0.536 18 2.85 0.650 0.610 8 11/13/66 19: 00 0.508 19 2.70 0.630 0.635 7 8/24/68 16:00 0. 4 92 20 2.56 0. 610 0. 371 41 12/03/68 16:00 0.485 21 2.44 0. 590 0.405 33 1/13/70 22:00 0.470 22 2.32 0.570 0. 396 36 12/06/70 8: 00 0. 462 23 2.22 0.550 0.729 5 2/27 /72 7:00 0.461 24 2 .13 0.530 0.355 43 1/13/73 2:00 0.454 25 2.04 0.510 0. 441 28 11/28/73 9:00 0.451 26 1. 96 0.490 0.604 10 12/26/74 23:00 0.450 27 1. 8 9 0.470 0.373 40 12/02/75 20:00 D. 441 28 1. 82 0.450 0.385 38 8/26/77 2:00 0.436 29 1. 75 0. 430 0.557 14 9/22/78 19:00 0.432 30 1. 70 0.410 0.450 27 9/08/79 15:00 0.416 31 1. 64 0.390 0.536 18 12/14/79 21:00 0. 411 32 1. 59 0.370 0.540 17 11/21/80 11: 00 0.405 33 1. 54 0.350 0.781 4 10/06/81 15:00 0.402 34 1. 4 9 0.330 0.508 19 10/28/82 16: 00 0.401 35 1. 45 0.310 0.436 29 3/15/84 20:00 0.396 36 1. 41 0.291 0.340 46 6/06/85 22 :00 0.389 37 1. 37 0. 271 0.562 13 1/18/86 16: 00 0.385 38 1. 33 0.251 0.607 9 10/26/86 0:00 0.376 39 1. 30 0.231 0. 2 67 49 1/14/88 0:00 0.373 40 1. 27 0. 211 0.321 47 8/21/89 17:00 0.371 41 1. 24 0.191 0.988 2 1/09/90 6: DO 0.361 42 1. 21 0.171 0.861 3 11/24/90 8:00 0.355 43 1. 18 0.151 0.416 31 1/27/92 15:00 0.354 44 1. 15 0.131 0.249 50 12/10/92 6:00 0.353 45 1.12 0.111 0.283 48 11/30/93 22:00 0.340 46 1.10 0.091 0.401 35 11/30/94 4:00 0.321 47 1. 08 0.071 0.667 6 2/08/96 10:00 0.283 48 1. 05 0.051 0.568 12 1/02/97 6: 00 0. 2 67 49 1. 03 0.031 0.551 15 10/04/97 15:00 0.249 50 1. 01 0. 011 B-46 SE I 44h Street-June 2007 Computed Peaks 1. 08 100.00 0.990 Computed Peaks 0.958 SO.OD 0.980 Computed Peaks 0.847 25.00 0.960 Computed Peaks 0.707 10.00 0.900 Computed Peaks 0.680 8.00 0.875 Computed Peaks 0.604 5.00 0.800 Computed Peaks 0.459 2.00 0.500 Computed Peaks 0.371 1. 30 0.231 Flow Frequency Analysis LogPearson III Coefficients Time Series File:c-80.tsf Mean= 0.090 StdOev-0.131 Project Location:Sea-Tac Skew-0.500 ---Annual Peak Flow Rates--------Flow Frequency Analysis------- Flow Rate Rank Time of Peak --Peaks Rank Return Prob (CFS) (CFS) Period 1. 34 18 2/16/49 21:00 2.61 1 89.50 0.989 2.57 2 3/03/50 16:00 2.57 2 32 .13 0. 969 1. 51 11 2/09/51 2:00 2.31 3 19.58 0.949 0.958 41 1/30/52 8:00 2.05 4 14. 08 0. 929 0. 92 6 44 3/24/53 15:00 1.84 5 10.99 0.909 1.19 25 12/19/53 19:00 1. 77 6 9.01 0.889 1. 28 21 2/07/55 17:00 1. 65 7 7.64 0.869 1. 30 20 12/20/55 17:00 1. 59 8 6.63 0. 84 9 1. 48 13 12/09/56 14:00 1. 58 9 5.86 0. 82 9 1. 20 24 12/25/57 16:00 1. 53 10 5.24 0.809 0.915 45 1/26/59 20:00 1. 51 11 4.75 0.789 1. 24 23 11/20/59 5:00 1. 51 12 4.34 0. 7 69 1. 09 31 2/14/61 21:00 1. 4 8 13 3. 99 0.749 0.938 43 11/22/61 2:00 1. 47 14 3. 70 0.729 1. 08 32 12/15/62 2:00 1. 41 15 3.44 0.709 1.19 26 12/31/63 23:00 1. 38 16 3 .22 0.690 1. 02 37 12/21/64 4:00 1. 36 17 3.03 0.670 1. 08 34 1/05/66 16:00 1. 34 18 2. 85 0.650 1. 51 12 11/13/66 19:00 1. 34 19 2.70 0.630 1.59 8 8/24/68 16:00 1. 30 20 2.56 0.610 1. 01 39 12/03/68 16:00 1. 28 21 2.44 0.590 1. 08 33 1/13/70 22:00 1. 27 22 2.32 0.570 1. 05 35 12/06/70 8:00 1.24 23 2.22 0.550 1. 84 5 2/27/72 7:00 1. 20 24 2.13 0.530 0.954 42 1/13/73 2:00 1.19 25 2.04 0.510 1. 14 28 11/28/73 9:00 1.19 26 1. 96 0. 4 90 1. 65 7 12/26/74 23:00 1.15 27 1. 89 0.470 1. 02 36 12/02/75 20:00 1.14 28 1. 82 0.450 0.972 40 8/26/77 2:00 1.14 29 1. 75 0.430 1. 38 16 9/22/78 19:00 1.10 30 1. 70 0.410 1.14 29 9/08/79 15:00 1. 09 31 1. 64 0.390 1. 41 15 12/14/79 21:00 1. 08 32 1. 59 0.370 1. 34 19 11/21/80 11:00 1. 08 33 1. 54 0.350 2.05 4 10/06/81 15:00 1. 08 34 1. 4 9 0.330 1.27 22 10/28/82 16:00 1. 05 35 1. 45 0.310 1. 15 27 1/03/84 1:00 1. 02 36 1. 41 0. 2 91 0.858 46 6/06/85 22:00 1. 02 37 1. 37 0.271 1. 58 9 1/18/86 16: OD 1. 02 38 1. 33 0.251 1. 53 10 10/26/86 0:00 1. 01 39 1. 30 0.231 0.707 49 1/14/88 12:00 0. 972 40 1. 27 0. 211 0.815 47 8/21/89 17:00 0.958 41 1.24 0 .191 2.61 1 1/09/90 6:00 0.954 42 1. 21 0 .171 2.31 3 11/24/90 8:00 0.938 43 1.18 0.151 1. 10 30 1/27 /92 15:00 0. 926 44 1. 15 0.131 B-47 SE 14¢1' Street-June 2007 0. 692 50 3/22/93 22:00 0.915 45 1.12 0 .111 0.717 48 11/30/93 22:00 0.858 46 1. 10 0. 091 1. 02 38 11/30/94 4:00 0.815 47 1. 08 0. 071 1. 77 6 2/08/96 10:00 0. 717 48 1. 05 0.051 1.47 14 1/02/97 6:00 0.707 49 1. 03 0.031 1. 3 6 17 10/04/97 15:00 0. 692 50 1. 01 0. 011 Computed Peaks 2.76 100.00 0.990 Computed Peaks 2.47 50.00 0.980 Computed Peaks 2.19 25.00 0. 960 Computed Peaks 1. 83 10.00 0.900 Computed Peaks 1. 76 8.00 0.875 Computed Peaks 1. 57 5.00 0.800 Computed Peaks 1. 20 2.00 0.500 Computed Peaks 0.973 1. 30 0.231 Flow Frequency Analysis LogPearson III Coefficients Time Series File:c-90.tsf Mean= -0.989 StdDev-0.096 Project Location:Sea-Tac Skew= 0.559 ---Annual Peak Flow Rates--------Flow Frequency Analysis------- Flow Rate RanK Time of Peak --Peaks Rank Return Prob (CFS) (CFS) Period 0.102 21 2/16/49 21:00 0.164 1 89.50 0.989 0.148 6 3/03/50 16:00 0.164 2 32 .13 0.969 0.099 25 2/09/51 2:00 0.155 3 19.58 0.949 0.090 34 10/15/51 13:00 0.155 4 14.08 0. 929 0.082 43 3/24/53 15:00 0.150 5 10.99 0.909 0. 096 28 12/19/53 19:00 0 .148 6 9.01 0.889 0.102 22 11/25/54 2:00 0 .139 7 7. 64 0.869 0.100 24 11/18/55 15:00 0.133 8 6.63 0.849 0 .112 15 12/09/56 14:00 0.125 9 5.86 0. 829 0.103 20 12/25/57 16:00 0.124 10 5.24 0.809 0.078 47 11/03/58 17:00 0.123 11 4.75 0.789 0.097 27 11/20/59 5:00 0.121 12 4. 34 0.769 0.086 40 2/14/61 21: 00 0 .118 13 3.99 0.749 0.090 35 11/22/61 2:00 0 .117 14 3.70 0. 72 9 0.085 42 12/15/62 2:00 0 .112 15 3.44 0.709 0.099 26 12/31/63 23:00 0 .110 16 3.22 0.690 0.089 36 12/21/64 4:00 0.108 17 3.03 0. 670 0.088 38 1/05/66 16:00 0.106 18 2.85 0.650 0.133 8 11/13/66 19:00 0.105 19 2.70 0.630 0.150 5 8/24/68 16:00 0.103 20 2.56 0.610 0.080 44 12/03/68 16:00 0.102 21 2.44 0.590 0.089 37 1/13/70 22:00 0.102 22 2.32 0.570 0.087 39 12/05/70 9:00 0.101 23 2. 22 0.550 0.123 11 12/08/71 18:00 0.100 24 2.13 0.530 0.080 46 1/13/73 2:00 0.099 25 2. 04 0.510 0.091 33 11/28/73 9:00 0.099 26 1. 96 0.490 0 .117 14 12/26/74 23:00 0. 097 27 1. 89 0.470 0.080 45 11/13/75 19:00 0. 096 28 1. 82 0.450 0.101 23 8/26/77 2:00 0.095 29 1. 75 0.430 0.139 7 9/17 /78 2:00 0.095 30 1. 70 0.410 0.125 9 9/08/79 15:00 0.093 31 1. 64 0.390 0 .110 16 12/14/79 21:00 0. 0 92 32 1. 59 0.370 0.121 12 11/21/80 11:00 0.091 33 1. 54 0.350 0.164 1 10/06/81 0:00 0.090 34 1. 4 9 0.330 0.124 10 10/28/82 16:00 0.090 35 1. 45 0.310 0.093 31 1/03/84 1:00 0.089 36 1. 41 0. 291 0.086 41 6/06/85 22:00 0.089 37 1. 37 0.271 0.106 18 1/18/86 16: DO 0.088 38 1. 33 0.251 B-48 SE J 4,th Street -June 2007 0.155 3 10/26/86 0:00 0.087 39 1. 30 0.231 0.074 49 11/11/87 0:00 0.086 40 1.27 0.211 0.095 29 8/21/89 17:00 0.086 41 1. 24 0.191 0.164 2 1/09/90 6:00 0.085 42 1. 21 0.171 0.155 4 11/24/90 8:00 0.082 43 1. 18 0.151 0. 092 32 1/27/92 15:00 0.080 44 1.15 0.131 0.067 50 11/01/92 16: 00 0.080 45 1.12 0 .111 0.076 48 11/30/93 22:00 0.080 46 1. 10 0.091 0.095 30 11 /30 / 94 4:00 0.078 47 1. 08 0. 071 0.108 17 2/08/96 10:00 0. 07 6 48 1. 05 0.051 0.105 19 1/02/97 6:00 0.074 49 1. 03 0.031 0 .118 13 10/04/97 15:00 0. 067 50 1. 01 0. 011 Computed Peaks 0.187 100.00 0.990 Computed Peaks 0.172 50.00 0.980 Computed Peaks 0.157 25.00 0. 960 Computed Peaks 0.137 10.00 0.900 Computed Peaks 0.133 8.00 0.875 Computed Peaks 0.122 5.00 0.800 Computed Peaks 0.100 2.00 0.500 Computed Peaks 0.086 1. 30 0.231 Flow Frequency Analysis LogPearson III Coefficients Time Series File:c-100.tsf Mean= -1. 001 StdDev~ 0. 167 Project Location:Sea-Tac Skew= 0.401 ---Annual Peak Flow Rates--------Flow Frequency Analysis------- Flow Rate Rank Time of Peak --Peaks Rank Return Prob (CFS) (CFS) Period 0 .113 18 2/16/49 21: 00 0.250 1 8 9. 50 0.989 0.250 1 3/03/50 16:00 0. 24 9 2 32.13 0.969 0.138 9 2/09/51 2:00 0.216 3 19. 58 0. 94 9 0.078 38 1/30/52 8:00 0.188 4 14.08 0. 92 9 0.069 42 3/24/53 15:00 0.169 5 10.99 0. 909 0. 096 23 12/19/53 19:00 0. 169 6 9.01 0.889 0 .113 19 2/07/55 17:00 0.149 7 7. 64 0.869 0 .117 16 12/20/55 17:00 0.147 8 6.63 0.849 0 .127 13 12/09/56 14:00 0.138 9 5.86 0.829 0.094 25 12/25/57 16:00 0.132 10 5.24 0.809 0.073 41 1/26/59 20:00 0.129 11 4.75 0.789 0.121 14 11/20/59 21:00 0.129 12 4.34 0.769 0.088 31 2/14/61 21:00 0 .127 13 3.99 0.749 0.068 43 11/22/61 2:00 0.121 14 3.70 0. 72 9 0.091 28 12/15/62 2:00 0.120 15 3.44 0.709 0.094 26 12/31/63 23:00 0 .117 16 3.22 0.690 0. 077 39 12/21/64 4:00 0 .115 17 3.03 0. 670 0.086 34 1/05/66 16:00 0.113 18 2.85 0.650 0.129 11 1/19/67 14:00 0 .113 19 2.70 0.630 0 .115 17 8/24/68 16:00 0 .111 20 2.56 0.610 0.084 36 12/03/68 16:00 0.105 21 2. 44 0.590 0.088 32 1/13/70 22:00 0.105 22 2.32 0.570 0.089 29 12/06/70 8: DO 0.096 23 2.22 0.550 0.169 5 2/27 /72 7:00 0. 096 24 2.13 0.530 0.075 40 1/13/73 2:00 0.094 25 2.04 0.510 0.096 24 11/28/73 9: 00 0.094 26 1. 96 0. 4 90 0.149 7 12/26/74 23:00 0.093 27 1. 89 0.470 0.086 35 12 /02 /7 5 20:00 0. 091 28 1. 82 0.450 0.060 45 8/26/77 2:00 0.089 29 1. 75 0.430 0.105 21 9/22/78 19:00 0.088 30 1. 70 0.410 0.064 44 9/08/79 15:00 0.088 31 1. 64 0.390 0.120 15 12/14/79 21:00 0.088 32 1. 59 0.370 B-49 SE !4(hStreet-June2007 0.105 22 11/21/80 11 :00 0.087 33 1. 54 0.350 0.188 4 10/06/81 15:00 0.086 34 1. 4 9 0.330 0.088 30 10/28/82 16: 00 0.086 35 1. 45 0.310 0.093 27 1/03/84 1:00 0.084 36 1. 41 0. 2 91 0.056 48 6/06/85 22:00 0.081 37 1. 37 0.271 0 .14 7 8 1/18/86 16: 00 0.078 38 1. 33 0.251 0.132 10 11/24/86 3:00 0.077 39 1. 30 0. 2 31 0.059 47 1/14/88 12:00 0.075 40 1.27 0. 211 0.055 49 11/05/88 14:00 0.073 41 1. 24 0 .191 0.249 2 1/09/90 6:00 0.069 42 1. 21 0 .171 0.216 3 11/24/90 8:00 0.068 43 1. 18 0.151 0.087 33 1/27/92 15:00 0.064 44 1.15 0.131 0.060 46 3/22/93 22:00 0.060 45 1. 12 0 .111 0.043 50 11/30/93 22:00 0.060 46 1.10 0.091 0.081 37 12/27/94 1:00 0.059 47 1. 08 0.071 0.169 6 2/08/96 10:00 0.056 48 1. 05 0.051 0.129 12 1/02/97 6:00 0.055 49 1.03 0.031 0 .111 20 10/04/97 15:00 0.043 50 1. 01 0. 011 Computed Peaks 0 .273 100.00 0.990 Computed Peaks 0.239 50.00 0.980 Computed Peaks 0.206 25.00 0.960 Computed Peaks 0.166 10.00 0.900 Computed Peaks 0.158 8.00 0.875 Computed Peaks 0.137 5.00 0.800 Computed Peaks 0.097 2.00 0.500 Computed Peaks 0.074 1. 30 0.231 Flow Frequency Analysis LogPearson III Coefficients Time Series File:c-106.tsf Mean= 0.164 StdDev~ 0.122 Project Location:Sea-Tac Skew= 0. 511 ---Annual Peak Flow Rates--------Flow Frequency Analysis------- Flow Rate Rank Time of Peak --Peaks Rank Return Prob (CF"S) (CFS) Period 1. 52 20 2/16/49 21:00 3.02 1 89.50 0.989 3.02 1 3/03/50 16: 00 2.88 2 32. 13 0. 969 1. 73 12 2/09/51 2:00 2.54 3 19.58 0.949 1.13 42 10/15/51 13: 00 2. 2 9 4 14.08 0. 92 9 1. 12 44 3/24/53 15:00 2.15 5 10.99 0.909 1. 40 27 12/19/53 19:00 1. 98 6 9.01 0.889 1. 44 23 2/07/55 17:00 1. 98 7 7. 64 0.869 1. 4 7 22 12/20/55 17:00 1. 96 8 6.63 0.849 1. 67 15 12/09/56 14:00 1. 84 9 5. 8 6 0.829 1. 43 24 12/25/57 16: 00 1. 80 10 5.24 0.809 1.12 43 1/26/59 20:00 1. 73 11 4.75 0.789 1. 41 25 11/20/59 5:00 1. 7 3 12 4.34 0. 7 69 1. 33 29 2/14/61 21:00 1. 72 13 3.99 0.749 1.17 39 11/22/61 2:00 1. 70 14 3.70 0.729 1. 25 34 12/15/62 2:00 1. 67 15 3.44 0.709 1. 41 26 12/31/63 23:00 1. 65 16 3.22 0.690 1. 22 37 12/21/64 4: 00 1. 65 17 3.03 0.670 1. 25 36 1/05/66 16:00 1. 62 18 2.85 0.650 1. 84 9 11/13/66 19:00 1. 61 19 2.70 0.630 1. 98 6 8/24/68 16: 00 1. 52 20 2.56 0.610 1.15 41 12/03/68 16:00 1. 51 21 2.44 0.590 1. 2 6 33 1/13/70 22:00 1. 4 7 22 2.32 0.570 1. 20 38 12/06/70 8:00 1. 44 23 2.22 0.550 2.15 5 2/27/72 7:00 1. 43 24 2.13 0.530 1.12 45 1/13/73 2:00 1. 41 25 2.04 0.510 1. 33 30 11/28/73 9:00 1. 41 26 1. 96 0. 4 90 B-50 SE I 44n Street -June 2007 1. 80 10 12/26/74 23:00 1. 40 27 1. 89 0. 47 0 1. 16 40 12/02/75 20:00 1. 34 28 1. 82 0.450 1. 26 32 8/26/77 2:00 1. 33 29 1. 75 0.430 1. 73 11 9/17 /78 2:00 1. 33 30 1. 70 0.410 1. 51 21 9/08/79 15:00 1. 2 9 31 1. 64 0.390 1. 62 18 12/14/79 21: 00 1. 2 6 32 1. 59 0.370 1. 65 16 11/21/80 11: 00 1. 2 6 33 1. 54 0.350 2.29 4 10/06/81 0:00 1. 25 34 1. 4 9 0.330 1. 61 19 10/28/82 16:00 1.25 35 1. 45 0.310 1. 34 28 1/03/84 1:00 1. 25 36 1. 41 0.291 1.10 47 6/06/85 22:00 1. 22 37 1.37 0.271 1. 70 14 1/18/86 16:00 1. 20 38 1. 33 0.251 1. 96 8 10/26/86 0:00 1. 17 39 1.30 0.231 0.857 49 11/11/87 0: 00 1.16 40 1.27 0.211 1.11 46 8/21/89 17:00 1. 15 41 1. 24 0 .191 2.88 2 1/09/90 6: DO 1.13 42 1. 21 0.171 2.54 3 11/24/90 8:00 1.12 43 1. 18 0.151 1. 29 31 1/27 /92 15:00 1.12 44 1. 15 0.131 0.804 50 11/01/92 16:00 1.12 45 1. 12 0 .111 0.937 48 11/30/93 22:00 1.11 46 1. 10 0. 091 1. 25 35 11/30/94 4:00 1.10 47 1. 08 0.071 1. 98 7 2/08/96 10:00 0.937 48 1. 05 0.051 1. 72 13 1/02/97 6:00 0.857 49 1. 03 0.031 1. 65 17 10/04/97 15:00 0.804 50 1.01 0. 011 Computed Peaks 3.10 100.00 0.990 Computed Peaks 2. 79 50.00 0.980 Computed Peaks 2.49 25.00 0. 960 Computed Peaks 2.11 10.00 0.900 Computed Peaks 2.04 8.00 0.875 Computed Peaks 1. 83 5.00 0.800 Computed Peaks 1. 42 2. DO 0.500 Computed Peaks 1.17 1. 30 0.231 Flow Frequency Analysis LogPearson III Coefficients Time Series File:c-110.tsf Mean= 0.487 StdDev~ 0 .145 Project Location:Sea-Tac Skew= 0.484 ---Annual Peak Flow Rates--------Flow Frequency Analysis------- Flow Rate Rank Time of Peak --Peaks Rank Return Prob (CFS) (CFS) Period 3.35 20 2/16/49 21: OD 6.91 1 8 9. 50 0.989 6.79 2 3/03/50 16:00 6. 7 9 2 32. 13 0.969 3.89 9 2/09/51 2:00 6 .11 3 19.58 0.949 2.38 40 1/30/52 8:00 5.57 4 14.08 0. 92 9 2.21 44 3/24/53 15:00 4.75 5 10. 99 0.909 2.95 25 12/19/53 19: 00 4.66 6 9.01 0.889 3.27 22 2/07/55 17:00 4.31 7 7. 64 0.869 3.34 21 12/20/55 17:00 4.16 8 6. 63 0. 84 9 3.77 13 12/09/56 14:00 3. 8 9 9 5.86 0. 82 9 2.95 24 12/25/57 16: 00 3. 8 6 10 5.24 0.809 2.22 43 1/26/59 20:00 3.82 11 4.75 0.789 3.38 19 11/20/ 59 21:00 3.80 12 4.34 0.769 2.65 34 2/14/61 21:00 3.77 13 3.99 0.749 2.27 42 11/22/61 2:00 3.74 14 3.70 0. 729 2.73 29 12/15/62 2:00 3.61 15 3.44 0.709 2.91 26 12/31/63 23:00 3. 4 9 16 3.22 0.690 2.47 37 12/21/64 4:00 3.47 17 3.03 0. 670 2.66 33 1/05/66 16: 00 3.41 18 2.85 0.650 3.86 10 11/13/66 19:00 3.38 19 2.70 0.630 3.80 12 8/24/68 16:00 3.35 20 2.56 0.610 B-51 SE 144°' Street-June 2007 2.54 36 12/03/68 16: 00 3.34 21 2.44 0.590 2.70 32 1/13/70 22:00 3.27 22 2. 32 0.570 2.70 31 12/06/70 8:00 3.02 23 2.22 0.550 4.75 5 2/27/72 7:00 2.95 24 2.13 0.530 2.34 41 1/13/73 2:00 2.95 25 2.04 0. 510 2.88 27 11/28/73 9:00 2.91 26 1. 96 0.490 4.31 7 12/26/74 23:00 2.88 27 1. 89 0.470 2.58 35 12/02/75 20:00 2.85 28 1. 82 0. 4 50 2.19 45 8/26/77 2:00 2.73 29 1. 75 0. 430 3.47 17 9/22/78 19:00 2. 71 30 1. 70 0. 410 2. 4 6 39 9/08/79 15:00 2.70 31 1. 64 0.390 3.61 15 12/14/79 21:00 2.70 32 1. 59 0.370 3. 41 18 11/21/80 11 :00 2.66 33 1. 54 0.350 5.57 4 10/06/81 15:00 2. 65 34 1. 49 0.330 3.02 23 10/28/82 16:00 2.58 35 1. 45 0.310 2.85 28 1/03/84 1: 00 2.54 36 1. 41 0.291 1. 97 46 6/06/85 22:00 2.47 37 1. 37 0. 271 4.16 8 1/18/86 16:00 2.47 38 1. 33 0.251 3.82 11 11/24/86 3: 00 2.46 39 1. 30 0.231 1. 7 9 48 1/14/88 12:00 2.38 40 1.27 0. 211 1. 87 47 11/05/88 14:00 2.34 41 1. 24 0.191 6.91 1 1/09/90 6: 00 2.27 42 1. 21 0.171 6.11 3 11/24/90 8:00 2.22 43 1. 18 0.151 2. 71 30 1/27/92 15:00 2.21 44 1. 15 0.131 1. 77 49 3/22/93 22: 00 2.19 45 1. 12 0 .111 1. 58 50 11/30/93 22:00 1. 97 46 1. 10 0.091 2. 47 38 11/30/94 4:00 1. 87 47 1. 08 0. 071 4.66 6 2/08/96 10:00 1. 7 9 48 1. 05 0.051 3.74 14 1/02/97 6:00 1. 77 49 1. 03 0.031 3.49 16 10/04/97 15:00 1. 58 50 1. 01 0. 011 Computed Peaks 7. 4 6 100.00 0.990 Computed Peaks 6.60 50.00 0.980 Computed Peaks 5.78 25.00 0. 960 Computed Peaks 4.76 10.00 0.900 Computed Peaks 4.56 8.00 0.875 Computed Peaks 4.01 5.00 0.800 Computed Peaks 2.99 2.00 0.500 Computed Peaks 2.37 1. 30 0.231 Flow Frequency Analysis LogPearson III Coefficients Time Series File:c-120.tsf Mean= -0.565 StdDev~ 0.101 Project Location:Sea-Tac Skew= 0.475 ---Annual Peak E'low Rates--------Flow Frequency Analysis------- Flow Rate Rank Time of Peak --Peaks Rank Return Prob (CFS) (CFS) Period 0.277 21 2/16/49 21:00 0. 4 67 1 89.50 0.989 0.426 4 3/03/50 16:00 0.443 2 32.13 0. 969 0.280 20 2/09/51 2:00 0.434 3 19.58 0.949 0.231 38 10/15/51 13:00 0.426 4 14. 08 0. 929 0.214 45 3/24/53 15:00 0. 391 5 10.99 0.909 0.258 27 12/19/53 19: 00 0.386 6 9.01 0.889 0.272 23 11/25/54 2:00 0.355 7 7.64 0.869 0. 2 62 25 11/18/55 15:00 0.351 8 6.63 0. 84 9 0.306 16 12/09/56 14:00 0.336 9 5.86 0.829 0 .272 22 12/25/57 16: 00 0.324 10 5.24 0.809 0.208 47 11/18/58 13:00 0.322 11 4.75 0.789 0. 2 64 24 11/20/59 5:00 0.320 12 4.34 0. 7 69 0.230 39 2/14/61 21:00 0.315 13 3. 99 0.749 0.232 37 11/22/61 2:00 0.313 14 3.70 0.729 B-52 SE l 44'n Street --June 2007 0.230 40 12/15/62 2:00 0.313 15 3.44 0.709 0.262 26 12/31/63 23:00 0.306 16 3.22 0.690 0.235 36 12/21/64 4:00 0.300 17 3.03 0.670 0.236 35 1/05/66 16: 00 0. 2 98 18 2.85 0.650 0.355 7 11/13/66 19:00 0. 2 90 19 2. 7 0 0.630 0.386 6 8/24/68 16:00 0.280 20 2.56 0.610 0.217 43 12/03/68 16:00 0. 277 21 2.44 0.590 0.238 34 1/13/70 22:00 0. 272 22 2.32 0.570 0.227 41 12/05/70 9: 00 0.272 23 2.22 0.550 0.336 9 2/27 /72 7:00 0.264 24 2. 13 0.530 0. 214 46 1/13/73 2:00 0. 2 62 25 2.04 0.510 0.243 32 11/28/73 9: 00 0.262 26 1. 96 0. 4 90 0.324 10 12/26/74 23:00 0.258 27 1. 89 0.470 0.216 44 12/02/75 20:00 0.258 28 1. 82 0.450 0.258 28 8/26/77 2:00 0.249 29 1. 75 0.430 0.351 8 9/17/78 2:00 0.247 30 1. 70 0. 410 0.315 13 9/08/79 15:00 0.244 31 1. 64 0.390 0.298 18 12/14/79 21:00 0.243 32 1. 59 0.370 0.322 11 11/21/80 11: 00 0.239 33 1. 54 0.350 0.443 2 10/06/81 0:00 0.238 34 1. 49 0.330 0.320 12 10/28/82 16:00 0.236 35 1. 45 0.310 0.249 29 1/03/84 1:00 0.235 36 1. 41 0. 2 91 0.220 42 6/06/85 22:00 0.232 37 1. 37 0. 271 0.300 17 1/18/86 16: 00 0.231 38 1. 33 0.251 0. 391 5 10/26/86 0:00 0.230 39 1. 30 0.231 0.185 49 11/11/87 0:00 0.230 40 1.27 0. 211 0.239 33 8/21/89 17:00 0.227 41 1. 24 0 .191 0. 4 67 1 1/09/90 6:00 0.220 42 1.21 0 .171 0.434 3 11/24/90 8:00 0.217 43 1.18 0.151 0.244 31 1/27 /92 15:00 0.216 44 1.15 0.131 0.169 50 11/01/92 16: 00 0.214 45 1.12 0 .111 0.193 48 11/30/93 22:00 0.214 46 1.10 0.091 0.247 30 11/30/94 4:00 0.208 47 1. 08 0.071 0.313 15 2/08/96 10:00 0 .193 48 1. 05 0.051 0. 2 90 19 1/02/97 6:00 0.185 49 1. 03 0.031 0.313 14 10/04/97 15:00 0.169 50 1. 01 0 .011 Computed Peaks 0.508 100.00 0.990 Computed Peaks 0. 4 66 50.00 0.980 Computed Peaks 0.425 25.00 0. 960 Computed Peaks 0 .371 10.00 0.900 Computed Peaks 0.360 8. OD 0.875 Computed Peaks 0.329 5. DO 0.800 Computed Peaks 0.268 2.00 0.500 Computed Peaks 0 .227 1. 30 0.231 Flow Frequency Analysis LogPearson III Coefficients Time Series File:c-130.tsf Mean= 0.015 StdDev-0.175 Project Location:Sea-Tac Skew= 0.324 ---Annual Peak Flow Rates--------Flow Frequency Analysis------- Flow Rate Rank Time of Peak --Peaks Rank Return Prob (CFS) (CFS) Period 1. 16 19 2/16/49 21:00 2. 64 1 89.50 0. 98 9 2.64 1 3/03/50 16:00 2. 63 2 32.13 0. 969 1. 47 9 2/09/51 14:00 2.28 3 19.58 0. 94 9 0. 811 38 1/30/52 8:00 2.05 4 14. 08 0. 929 0.694 43 3/24/53 15:00 1. 79 5 10.99 0. 909 0.990 23 12/19/53 19:00 1. 77 6 9.01 0.889 1.18 17 2/07/55 17:00 1. 57 7 7.64 0.869 1.22 16 12/20/55 17:00 1. 55 8 6.63 0.849 B-53 SE 14¢1' Street -June 2()07 1. 33 13 12/09/56 14:00 1. 4 7 9 5.86 0. 82 9 0. 967 25 12/25/57 16:00 1. 41 10 5.24 0.809 0.740 41 1/26/59 20:00 1. 35 11 4.75 0.789 1. 31 14 11/20/59 21: 00 1. 34 12 4.34 0. 7 69 0.894 34 2/14/61 21:00 1. 33 13 3.99 0. 74 9 0.697 42 11/22/61 2:00 1. 31 14 3.70 0.729 0.940 29 12/15/62 2:00 1. 26 15 3.44 0.709 0.961 26 12/31/63 23:00 1. 22 16 3.22 0.690 0.788 39 12/21/64 4:00 1.18 17 3.03 o. 670 0.892 35 1/05/66 16:00 1.17 18 2.85 0.650 1. 35 11 1/19/67 14:00 1.16 19 2.70 0.630 1. 16 20 8/24/68 16:00 1.16 20 2.56 0.610 0.869 36 12/03/68 16:00 1.11 21 2.44 0.590 0.908 30 1/13/70 22:00 1.11 22 2.32 0.570 0.943 28 12/06/70 8:00 0.990 23 2.22 0.550 1. 77 6 2/27 /72 7:00 0.984 24 2.13 0.530 0.778 40 1/13/73 2:00 0. 967 25 2.04 0.510 0.984 24 11/28/73 9:00 0. 961 26 1. 96 o. 4 90 1. 57 7 12/26/74 23:00 0.961 27 1. 89 0.470 0. 8 97 32 12/02/75 20:00 0. 943 28 1. 82 0.450 0.594 47 8/26/77 2:00 0. 940 29 1. 7 5 0.430 1.11 21 9/22/78 19: 00 0.908 30 1. 70 0.410 0.607 46 9/08/79 15:00 0.902 31 1. 64 0.390 1. 26 15 12/14/79 21: 00 0.897 32 1. 59 0.370 1.11 22 11/21/80 11:00 0.897 33 1. 54 0.350 2.05 4 10/06/81 15:00 0.894 34 1. 49 0.330 0.902 31 1/05/83 8:00 0. 8 92 35 1. 45 0.310 o. 961 27 1/03/84 1:00 0.869 36 1. 41 0.291 0.563 49 6/06/85 23:00 0.847 37 1. 37 0. 271 1. 55 8 1/18/86 16: 00 0. 811 38 1. 33 0.251 1. 41 10 11/24/86 3:00 0.788 39 1. 30 0.231 0.619 45 1/14/88 12:00 0.778 40 1.27 0. 211 0.567 48 11/05/88 14: 00 0.740 41 1. 24 0.191 2.63 2 1/09/90 6:00 0.697 42 1. 21 0 .171 2.28 3 11/24/90 8:00 0.694 43 1.18 0.151 0.897 33 1/27 /92 15:00 0.632 44 1.15 0.131 0.632 44 3/22/93 22:00 0.619 45 1. 12 0 .111 0. 413 50 11/30/93 22:00 0.607 46 1.10 0.091 0.847 37 12/27/94 1: 00 0.594 47 1. 08 0.071 1. 79 5 2/08/96 10:00 0.567 48 1. 05 0.051 1. 34 12 1/02/97 6:00 0.563 49 1. 03 0.031 1.17 18 10/04/97 15:00 0.413 50 1. 01 0. 011 Computed Peaks 2.90 100.00 0.990 Computed Peaks 2.53 50.00 0.980 Computed Peaks 2.18 25.00 0. 960 Computed Peaks 1. 75 10.00 0.900 Computed Peaks 1. 67 8.00 0.875 Computed Peaks 1. 44 5.00 0.800 Computed Peaks 1. 01 2.00 0.500 Computed Peaks 0.759 1. 30 0.231 Flow Frequency Analysis LogPearson III Coefficients Time Series File:c-200.tsf Mean= -0.308 StdDev= 0 .145 Project Location:Sea-Tac Skew= 0.500 ---Annual Peak Flow Rates--------Flow Frequency Analysis------- Flow Rate Rank Time of Peak --Peaks Rank Return Prob (CFS) (CFS) Period 0.561 18 2/16/49 21:00 1. 12 1 89.50 0.989 1. 09 2 3/03/50 16: 00 1. o 9 2 32.13 0. 969 B-54 SE 14.f' Srreet -June 2007 0.660 9 2/09/51 14:00 0.987 3 19.58 0.949 0.398 39 1/30/52 8:00 0.834 4 14. 08 0.929 0.358 43 3/24/53 15:00 D. 7 95 5 10.99 0.909 0.475 24 12/19/53 19:00 0.777 6 9.01 0.889 0.554 19 2/07/55 17:00 0.700 7 7.64 0.869 0.562 16 12/20/55 17:00 0.697 8 6.63 0.849 0.607 13 12/09/56 14: 00 0.660 9 5.86 0.829 0. 4 62 25 12/25/57 16:00 0.626 10 5.24 0.809 0.364 42 1/26/59 20:00 0.623 11 4.75 0.789 0.569 15 11/20/59 21:00 0.615 12 4.34 0.769 0.435 30 2/14/61 21:00 0.607 13 3. 99 0. 749 0.339 45 11/22/61 2:00 0.574 14 3.70 0.729 0.438 29 12/15/62 2:00 0.569 15 3.44 0.709 C.477 23 12/31/63 23:00 0.562 16 3.22 0.690 C.395 40 12/21/64 4:00 0.561 17 3.03 0.670 0.435 31 1/05/66 16:00 0.561 18 2.85 0.650 0.623 11 1/19/67 14: 00 0.554 19 2.70 0.630 0. 574 14 8/24/68 16:00 0.502 20 2.56 0.610 0. 421 36 12/03/68 16:00 0.500 21 2.44 0.590 0.434 32 1/13/70 22:00 0.494 22 2. 32 0.570 0.426 35 12/06/70 8:00 0.477 23 2.22 0.550 0.777 6 2/27 /72 7:00 0.475 24 2.13 0.530 0.388 41 1/13/73 2:00 0.462 25 2.04 0. 510 0.446 28 11/28/73 9:00 0.459 26 1. 96 0. 4 90 0.697 8 12/26/74 23: 00 0.457 27 1. 89 0.470 0.427 34 12/02/75 20:00 D. 44 6 28 1. 82 0.450 0. 34 6 44 8/26/77 2:00 0.438 29 1. 75 0.430 0.502 20 9/22/78 19:00 0.435 30 1. 70 0.410 0.401 38 9/08/79 15:00 0.435 31 1. 64 0.390 0. 561 17 12/14/79 21:00 0.434 32 1. 5 9 0.370 0. 4 94 22 11/21/80 11: 00 0. 4 32 33 1. 54 0.350 0.834 4 10/06/81 15:00 0.427 34 1. 49 0.330 0.457 27 10/28/82 16:00 0.426 35 1. 45 0.310 0.459 26 1/03/84 1:00 0.421 36 1. 41 D. 291 0.307 46 6/06/85 22:00 0.407 37 1. 37 0.271 0.700 7 1/18/86 16:00 0.401 38 1. 33 0.251 D. 626 10 11/24/86 3:00 0.398 39 1. 30 0.231 0.296 48 1/14/88 12:00 0.395 40 1. 27 0.211 0.283 49 8/21/89 17:00 0.388 41 1. 24 0.191 1.12 1 1/09/90 6:00 0.364 42 1. 21 0.171 0.987 3 11/24/90 8:00 0.358 43 1.18 0.151 0.432 33 1/27/92 15:00 0. 34 6 44 1.15 0.131 0.302 47 3/22/93 22 :00 0.339 45 1.12 0 .111 0.254 50 11/30/93 22:00 0.307 46 1.10 0.091 0.407 37 2/18/95 20:00 0.302 47 1. 08 0. 071 0. 7 95 5 2/08/96 10:00 0. 296 48 1. 05 0.051 0.615 12 1/02/97 6:00 0.283 49 1. 03 0.031 0.500 21 10/04/97 15:00 0.254 50 1. 01 0. 011 Computed Peaks 1. 21 100.00 0.990 Computed Peaks 1. 06 50.00 0.980 Computed Peaks 0.931 25. 00 0.960 Computed Peaks 0.766 10.00 0.900 Computed Peaks 0.733 8.00 0.875 Computed Peaks 0.645 5.00 0.800 Computed Peaks 0. 47 9 2. DO 0.500 Computed Peaks 0.380 1. 30 0.231 Flow Frequency Analysis LogPearson III Coefficients Time Series File:c-210.tsf Mean= 0. 056 StdDev~ 0.136 Project Location:Sea-Tac Skew= 0.482 B-55 SE 14¢AStreet-June2007 ---Annual Peak Flow Rates--------Flow Frequency Analysis------- Flow Rate Rank Time of Peak --Peaks Rank Return Prob (CFS) (CFS) Period 1. 24 19 2/16/49 21:00 2.48 1 89.50 0.989 2.42 2 3/03/50 16:00 2.42 2 32.13 0.969 1. 40 11 2/09/51 2:00 2.20 3 19.58 0.949 0.884 40 1/30/52 8:00 1. 97 4 14. 08 0. 929 0.845 44 3/24/53 15:00 1. 72 5 10.99 0.909 1.10 25 12/19/53 19:00 1.66 6 9.01 0.889 1. 19 21 2/07/55 17:00 1. 56 7 7.64 0.869 1. 21 20 12/20/55 17:00 1. 49 8 6.63 0.849 1. 38 12 12/09/56 14:00 1. 4 6 9 5.86 0.829 1.11 24 12/25/57 16:00 1. 43 10 5.24 0.809 0.835 45 1/26/59 20:00 1. 40 11 4. 7 5 0.789 1.18 22 11/20/59 21:00 1. 38 12 4.34 0.769 0. 996 33 2/14/61 21:00 1. 37 13 3.99 0.749 0. 867 43 11/22/61 2:00 1. 37 14 3.70 0. 729 1. 01 30 12/15/62 2:00 1. 33 15 3.44 0.709 1. 09 26 12/31/63 23:00 1. 30 16 3.22 0.690 0.936 39 12/21/64 4:00 1. 30 17 3.03 0. 670 0.995 34 1/05/66 16:00 1.27 18 2.85 0.650 1.43 10 11/13/66 19:00 1. 24 19 2.70 0.630 1. 4 6 9 8/24/68 16:00 1. 21 20 2.56 0.610 0.937 38 12/03/68 16:00 1.19 21 2.44 0.590 1. 00 31 1/13/70 22: 00 1.18 22 2.32 0.570 0.989 35 12/06/70 8:00 1.16 23 2 .22 0.550 1. 72 5 2/27 /72 7:00 1.11 24 2.13 0.530 0. 87 6 41 1/13/73 2:00 1.10 25 2.04 0.510 1. 08 27 11/28/73 9:00 1. 0 9 26 1. 96 0. 4 90 1. 56 7 12/26/74 23:00 1. 08 27 1. 89 0.470 0.949 36 12/02/75 20:00 1. 0 6 28 1. 82 0.450 0.870 42 8/26/77 2:00 1. 02 29 1. 75 0.430 1. 30 16 9/22/78 19:00 1. 01 30 1. 70 0.410 0.999 32 9/08/79 15:00 1. 00 31 1. 64 0.390 1. 33 15 12/14/79 21: 00 0.999 32 1. 59 0.370 1.27 18 11/21/80 11: 00 0. 996 33 1. 54 0.350 1. 97 4 10/06/81 15:00 0.995 34 1. 49 0.330 1. 16 23 10/28/82 16: 00 0. 989 35 1. 45 0.310 1. 06 28 1/03/84 1:00 0. 94 9 36 1. 41 0. 2 91 0.775 46 6/06/85 22:00 0.937 37 1. 37 0. 271 1. 4 9 8 1/18/86 16: 00 0.937 38 1. 33 0.251 1. 37 13 10/26/86 0:00 0. 936 39 1. 30 0.231 0.656 48 1/14/88 12:00 0.884 40 1. 27 0. 211 0.712 47 11/05/88 14:00 0. 87 6 41 1. 24 0.191 2.48 1 1/09/90 6:00 0.870 42 1. 21 0 .171 2.20 3 11/24/90 8:00 0.867 43 1.18 0.151 1. 02 29 1/27/92 15:00 0.845 44 1.15 0.131 0. 643 49 3/22/93 22:00 0.835 45 1.12 0 .111 0. 63 6 50 11/30/93 22:00 0. 775 46 1.10 0.091 0.937 37 11/30/94 4:00 0. 712 47 1. 08 0. 071 1. 66 6 2/08/96 10:00 0.656 48 1. 05 0.051 1. 37 14 1/02/97 6:00 0.643 49 1. 03 0.031 1. 30 17 10/04/97 15:00 0.636 50 1. 01 0. 011 Computed Peaks 2.63 100.00 0.990 Computed Peaks 2.34 50.00 0.980 Computed Peaks 2.07 25.00 0.960 Computed Peaks 1. 72 10.00 0.900 Computed Peaks 1. 66 8.00 0.875 Computed Peaks 1. 47 5.00 0.800 B-56 SE 14¢h Street-June 2007 Computed Peaks 1.11 2.00 0.500 Computed Peaks 0. 8 93 1. 30 0.231 Flow Frequency Analysis LogPearson III Coefficients Time Series File:c-220.tsf Mean= -0.235 StdDev= 0 .114 Project Location:Sea-Tac Skew~ 0.400 ---Annual Peak Flow Rates--------Flow Frequency Analysis------- Flow Rate Rank Time of Peak --Peaks Rank Return Prob (CFS) (CFS) Period 0.601 21 2/16/49 21: 00 1. 09 1 8 9. 50 0.989 1. 04 2 3/03/50 16:00 1. 04 2 32 .13 0. 969 0.624 19 2/09/51 2:00 0. 989 3 19. 58 0. 94 9 0.466 40 10/15/51 13:00 0.955 4 14.08 0. 92 9 0.453 44 3/24/53 15:00 0.823 5 10.99 0. 909 0.557 26 12/19/53 19: 00 0. 811 6 9.01 0.889 0.571 23 11/25/54 2:00 0. 772 7 7.64 0.869 0.558 25 11/18/55 15:00 0. 7 65 8 6.63 0.849 0. 672 14 12/09/56 14:00 0. 723 9 5. 8 6 0.829 0.584 22 12/25/57 16: 00 0.713 10 5.24 0.809 0.432 47 11/18/58 13:00 0.702 11 4.75 0.789 0.567 24 11/20/59 5:00 0.688 12 4.34 0.769 0.501 36 2/14/61 21: 00 0.683 13 3.99 0.749 0.488 38 11/22/61 2:00 0. 672 14 3.70 0. 729 0.501 35 12/15/62 2:00 0.666 15 3.44 0.709 0.556 27 12/31/63 23:00 0.660 16 3.22 0.690 0.497 37 12/21/64 4:00 0.658 17 3.03 0. 670 0.503 34 1/05/66 16: 00 0. 641 18 2.85 0.650 0. 7 65 8 11/13/66 19:00 0.624 19 2. 70 0.630 0.823 5 8/24/68 16:00 0.622 20 2.56 0.610 0. 4 60 41 12/03/68 16:00 0.601 21 2. 44 0.590 0.508 33 1/13/70 22: 00 0.584 22 2. 32 0.570 0.487 39 12/06/70 8:00 o .571 23 2. 22 0.550 0. 772 7 2/27 /72 7:00 0.567 24 2.13 0.530 0.445 46 1/13/73 2:00 0.558 25 2.04 0.510 0.545 28 11/28/73 9:00 0.557 26 1. 96 0. 4 90 0.723 9 12/26/74 23:00 0.556 27 1.89 0.470 0. 4 60 42 12/02/75 20:00 0.545 28 1. 82 0.450 0.520 31 8/26/77 2:00 0.540 29 1.75 0.430 o. 713 10 9/17 /78 2:00 0. 524 30 1. 70 0.410 0.622 20 9/08/79 15:00 0.520 31 1. 64 0.390 0.658 17 12/14/79 21:00 0.518 32 1. 59 0.370 0.683 13 11/21/80 11: 00 0.508 33 1. 54 0.350 0.955 4 10/06/81 0:00 0.503 34 1. 4 9 0.330 0.666 15 10/28/82 16:00 0.501 35 1. 45 0.310 0.540 29 1/03/84 1:00 0.501 36 1. 41 0. 291 0.453 45 6/06/85 22:00 0.497 37 1. 37 0.271 0.660 16 1/18/86 16:00 0.488 38 1. 33 0.251 0. 811 6 10/26/86 0:00 0.487 39 1. 30 0.231 0.351 49 11/11/87 0:00 0.466 40 1. 27 0.211 0.455 43 8/21/89 17:00 0. 4 60 41 1. 24 0.191 1. 09 1 1/09/90 6:00 0. 4 60 42 1. 21 0 .171 0.989 3 11/24/90 8:00 0.455 43 1.18 0.151 0.524 30 1/27 /92 15:00 0. 453 44 1.15 0.131 0.330 50 11/01/92 16:00 0.453 45 1.12 0 .111 0.386 48 11/30/93 22 :00 0.445 46 1.10 0.091 0.518 32 11/30/94 4:00 0.432 47 1. 08 0.071 0.702 11 2/08/96 10:00 0.386 48 1. 05 0.051 0. 641 18 1/02/97 6:00 0.351 49 1. 03 0.031 0.688 12 10/04/97 15:00 0.330 50 1. 01 0.011 B-57 SE l 4(h Street-June 2007 Computed Peaks 1.16 100.00 0.990 Computed Peaks 1. 05 50.00 0.980 Computed Peaks 0.953 25.00 0. 960 Computed Peaks 0.822 10.00 0. 900 Computed Peaks 0. 7 95 8.00 0.875 Computed Peaks 0. 721 5.00 0.800 Computed Peaks 0.572 2.00 0.500 Computed Peaks 0.474 1. 30 0.231 Flow Frequency Analysis LogPearson III Coefficients Time Series File:c-220rd.tsf Mean= -0.991 StdDev= 0.418 Project Location:Sea-Tac Skew= 0.698 ---Annual Peak Flow Rates--------Flow Frequency Analysis------- Flow Rate Rank Time of Peak --Peaks --Rank Return Prob (CFS) (CFS) (ft) Period 0.039 38 2/22/49 22:00 0.935 5.13 1 89.50 0.989 0 .110 19 3/05/50 6:00 0.681 5.10 2 32.13 0.969 0.489 6 2/09/51 15:00 0.575 5.08 3 19.58 0.949 0.035 43 2/04/52 8: 00 0.569 5.08 4 14. 08 0. 929 0.099 22 1/18/53 21:00 0.523 5.07 5 10.99 0.909 0.064 35 1/07/54 20:00 0.489 5. 0 6 6 9.01 0.889 0.040 36 2/08/55 22:00 0.483 5.06 7 7.64 0.869 0.159 12 1/06/56 10:00 0.478 5.06 8 6.63 0.849 0.067 34 2/26/57 4:00 0.389 5.04 9 5.86 0.829 0.100 21 1/17/58 7:00 0. 277 5.02 10 5.24 0.809 0.040 37 1/27/59 1:00 0 .160 4.87 11 4.75 0.789 0.478 8 11/20/59 21:00 0.159 4.86 12 4.34 0.769 0.134 16 11/24/60 10:00 0.152 4.82 13 3.99 0.749 0.035 46 12/24/61 6:00 0.141 4.77 14 3.70 0. 729 0.087 27 11/26/62 10:00 0 .138 4.75 15 3.44 0.709 0.100 20 11/19/63 16:00 0.134 4.73 16 3.22 0.690 0.138 15 11/30/64 14:00 0.120 4. 63 17 3.03 0.670 0.077 33 1/06/66 21:00 0 .114 4.58 18 2.85 0.650 0 .114 18 12/13/66 11 :00 0 .110 4.54 19 2.70 0.630 0.082 29 1/20/68 19:00 0.100 4. 41 20 2.56 0.610 0.080 30 12/11/68 6:00 0.100 4. 41 21 2.44 0.590 0.093 23 1/27 /70 2:00 0.099 4.38 22 2.32 0.570 0.087 28 12/07 /70 5:00 0.093 4.30 23 2.22 0.550 0.483 7 3/06/72 19:00 0.093 4. 2 9 24 2 .13 0.530 0.152 13 12/26/72 5:00 0. 092 4. 28 25 2.04 0.510 0. 0 90 26 1/16/74 18:00 0.090 4. 2 6 26 1. 96 0.490 0.039 39 1/14/75 2:00 0.087 4.22 27 1. 89 0.470 0.078 32 12/04/75 2:00 0.087 4.21 28 1. 82 0.450 0.031 49 8/26/77 8:00 0.082 4.15 29 1. 75 0.430 0.120 17 12/15/77 17:00 0.080 4 .13 30 1. 70 0.410 0. 032 48 2/13/79 1: 00 0.080 4.13 31 1. 64 0.390 0. 277 10 12/17 /79 17:00 0.078 4 .11 32 1. 59 0.370 0. 092 25 12/30/80 16:00 0.077 4.10 33 1. 54 0.350 0.681 2 10/06/81 16: 00 0. 067 4.02 34 1. 4 9 0.330 0.080 31 1/06/83 14:00 0.064 4.01 35 1. 45 0.310 0.035 45 12/10/83 21: 00 0.040 3.85 36 1. 41 0. 291 0.037 41 11/04/84 8:00 0.040 3.78 37 1. 37 0.271 0 .141 14 1/18/86 23:00 0.039 3.71 38 1. 33 0.251 0.569 4 11/24/86 4:00 0.039 3.67 39 1. 30 0.231 0.038 40 12/10/87 8:00 0.038 3. 4 9 40 1.27 0.211 0.035 44 11/05/88 23:00 0.037 3.16 41 1. 24 0 .191 0.935 1 1/09/90 8:00 0.037 3.13 42 1. 21 0.171 0. 523 5 11/24/90 11: 00 0.035 3.01 43 1.18 0.151 0.093 24 1/31/92 6:00 0.035 3.00 44 1.15 0.131 B-58 SE 14.f' Street-June 2007 0.034 47 1/26/93 5:00 0.035 2. 92 45 1.12 0 .111 0.030 50 2/17/94 23:00 0.035 2.90 46 1.10 0.091 0.160 11 12/27/94 6:00 0.034 2.75 47 1. 08 0. 071 0.575 3 2/08/96 11: 00 0.032 2.43 48 1. 05 0.051 0.389 9 1/02/97 10:00 0.031 2.31 49 1. 03 0.031 0.037 42 1/25/98 0: 00 0.030 2.22 50 1. 01 0. 011 Computed Peaks 1. 55 5.20 100.00 0.990 Computed Peaks 1.04 5.15 50.00 0.980 Computed Peaks 0.678 5.10 25.00 0. 960 Computed Peaks 0.368 5.04 10.00 0.900 Computed Peaks 0. 323 5.03 8.00 0.875 Computed Peaks 0. 219 5.01 5.00 0.800 Computed Peaks 0.091 4.27 2.00 0.500 Computed Peaks 0.048 3. 96 1. 30 0.231 Flow Frequency Analysis LogPearson III Coefficients Time Series File:c-230.tsf Mean= 0.197 StdDev= 0.103 Project Location:Sea-Tac Skew= 0.461 ---Annual Peak Flow Rates--------Flow Frequency Analysis------- Flow Rate Rank Time of Peak --Peaks Rank Return Prob (CFS) (CFS) Period 1. 60 21 2/16/49 21:00 2.72 1 89.50 0. 989 2.49 4 3/03/50 16:00 2.57 2 32.13 0. 969 1. 64 20 2/09/51 2:00 2.53 3 19. 58 0. 94 9 1. 32 40 10/15/51 13:00 2.49 4 14.08 0. 92 9 1. 23 46 3/24/53 15:00 2.24 5 10.99 0. 909 1. 4 9 27 12/19/53 19:00 2.22 6 9.01 0.889 1. 5 7 22 11/25/54 2:00 2.05 7 7.64 0.869 1. 52 25 11/18/ 55 15:00 2.00 8 6.63 0. 84 9 1.77 16 12/09/56 14:00 1. 96 9 5. 8 6 0.829 1. 57 23 12/25/57 16:00 1. 88 10 5.24 0.809 1.21 47 11/18/58 13:00 1. 86 11 4.75 0.789 1. 54 24 11/20/ 59 5:00 1. 84 12 4.34 0. 7 69 1. 33 38 2/14/61 21:00 1. 83 13 3.99 0.749 1. 33 37 11 /22 / 61 2:00 1. 81 14 3.70 0. 729 1. 33 39 12/15/62 2:00 1. 80 15 3.44 0.709 1. 52 26 12/31/63 23:00 1. 77 16 3.22 0.690 1. 36 36 12/21/64 4:00 1. 75 17 3.03 0. 670 1. 37 34 1/05/66 16:00 1. 73 18 2.85 0.650 2.05 7 11/13/66 19:00 1. 68 19 2.70 0.630 2.22 6 8/24/68 16:00 1. 64 20 2.56 0.610 1. 26 42 12/03/68 16: 00 1. 60 21 2.44 0.590 1. 38 33 1/13/70 22:00 1. 57 22 2.32 0.570 1. 31 41 12/06/70 8:00 1. 57 23 2.22 0.550 1. 96 9 2/27 /72 7:00 1. 54 24 2.13 0.530 1. 24 45 1/13/73 2:00 1. 52 25 2.04 0.510 1. 40 32 11/28/73 9:00 1. 52 26 1. 96 0.490 1. 88 10 12/26/74 23:00 1.49 27 1. 89 0.470 1. 25 44 12/02/75 20:00 1. 4 7 28 1. 82 0.450 1. 4 7 28 8/26/77 2:00 1. 44 29 1. 75 0.430 2.00 8 9/17 /78 2:00 1. 42 30 1. 70 0.410 1. 80 15 9/08/79 15:00 1. 41 31 1. 64 0.390 1. 73 18 12/14/79 21:00 1. 40 32 1. 59 0.370 1. 86 11 11/21/80 11: 00 1. 38 33 1. 54 0.350 2.57 2 10/06/81 0:00 1. 37 34 1. 4 9 0.330 1. 84 12 10/28/82 16:00 1. 36 35 1. 45 0.310 1. 44 29 1/03/84 1: 00 1. 36 36 1. 41 0.291 1. 26 43 6/06/85 22:00 1. 33 37 1. 37 0.271 1. 7 5 17 1/18/86 16:00 1. 33 38 1. 33 0.251 B-59 SE 144'~ Street-June 2007 2.24 5 10/26/86 0:00 1. 33 39 1. 30 0.231 1. 05 49 11/11/87 0:00 1. 32 40 1. 27 0. 211 1. 36 35 8/21/89 17:00 1. 31 41 1. 24 0.191 2. 72 1 1/09/90 6:00 1. 26 42 1. 21 0.171 2.53 3 11/24/90 8:00 1. 2 6 43 1.18 0.151 1.41 31 1/27/92 15:00 1. 25 44 1.15 0.131 0.962 50 11/01/92 16: 00 1. 24 45 1. 12 0 .111 1.10 48 11/30/93 22:00 1. 23 46 1.10 0.091 1. 42 30 11/30/94 4: 00 1.21 47 1. 08 0. 071 1. 83 13 2/08/96 10:00 1. 10 48 1. 05 0.051 1. 68 19 1/02/97 6: 00 1. 05 49 1. 03 0.031 1. 81 14 10/04/97 15: OD 0.962 50 1.01 0. 011 Computed Peaks 2.95 100.00 0.990 Computed Peaks 2.70 50.00 0.980 Computed Peaks 2.46 25.00 0.960 Computed Peaks 2.15 10.00 0.900 Computed Peaks 2.09 8.00 0.875 Computed Peaks 1. 91 5.00 0.800 Computed Peaks 1. 55 2.00 0.500 Computed Peaks 1. 31 1. 30 0.231 Flow Frequency Analysis LogPearson III Coefficients Time Series File:c-230rd.tsf Mean= -0.774 StdDev~ 0.235 Project Location:Sea-Tac Skew= 1. 289 ---Annual Peak Flow Rates--------Flow Frequency Analysis------- Flow Rate Rank Time of Peak --Peaks --Rank Return Prob (CFS) (CFS) (ft) Period 0 .118 39 2/22/49 6:00 0.559 7.00 1 89.50 0.989 0.141 17 3/05/50 11 :00 0.550 6. 95 2 32.13 0. 969 0.559 1 2/09/51 20:00 0.484 6.59 3 19.58 0.949 0.108 46 2/04/52 6:00 0.480 6.57 4 14.08 0. 929 0.130 29 1/23/53 8:00 0.479 6.56 5 10.99 0.909 0.130 30 1/06/54 12:00 0.478 6.56 6 9.01 0.889 0.129 32 2/08/55 8:00 0. 471 6.53 7 7.64 0.869 0.247 11 1/06/56 12:00 0.452 6.45 8 6.63 0.849 0.129 33 2/26/57 4:00 0.407 6 .27 9 5.86 0.829 0.136 20 1/17/58 8:00 0. 2 91 6.03 10 5.24 0.809 0 .119 38 1/24/59 16:00 0.247 5.94 11 4.75 0.789 0.478 6 11/21/59 3:00 0. 219 5. 7 6 12 4.34 0.769 0.142 15 11/24/60 17:00 0.218 5.75 13 3.99 0.749 0.104 48 12/24/61 6:00 0.176 5.62 14 3.70 0. 729 0.132 26 11/27 /62 5:00 0.142 5.42 15 3.44 0.709 0.136 21 11/19/63 18:00 0.142 5.40 16 3.22 0.690 0.218 13 12/01/64 8:00 0.141 5.33 17 3.03 0.670 0.125 37 1/07/66 3:00 0.140 5 .27 18 2.85 0.650 0 .136 22 12/15/66 8:00 0.138 5.16 19 2.70 0.630 0.127 34 1/20/68 21:00 0 .136 5.01 20 2.56 0.610 0.125 35 12/11/68 7:00 0.136 4. 96 21 2.44 0.590 0.132 27 1/27 /70 4:00 0.136 4. 96 22 2.32 0.570 0.134 25 12/07 /70 11: 00 0 .135 4.90 23 2.22 0.550 0.480 4 3/06/72 22:00 0.135 4.89 24 2.13 0.530 0.219 12 12/27 /72 18:00 0.134 4.83 25 2.04 0.510 0.135 23 1/16/74 19: 00 0 .132 4.68 26 1. 96 0.490 0.125 36 12/27 /74 10:00 0.132 4.68 27 1. 8 9 0.470 0.131 28 12/04/75 3:00 0.131 4.62 28 1. 82 0.450 0.105 47 8/26/77 7:00 0.130 4.54 29 1. 75 0.430 0.138 19 12/15/77 21: DO 0.130 4.54 30 1. 70 0.410 0.102 49 2/12/79 17:00 0.130 4.54 31 1. 64 0.390 0. 471 7 12/17/79 20:00 0.129 4.48 32 1. 59 0.370 B-60 SE 14,f' Street-June 2007 0.130 31 12/30/80 22:00 0.129 4.46 33 1. 54 0.350 0.291 10 10/06/81 19: 00 0.127 4.31 34 1. 49 0.330 0.135 24 1/08/83 3:00 0.125 4.18 35 1. 45 0.310 0 .111 44 12/10/83 19: 00 0.125 4.18 36 1. 41 0.291 0 .117 40 11/04/84 0:00 0.125 4 .17 37 1. 37 0.271 0.176 14 1/19/86 7:00 0 .119 3.78 38 1. 33 0.251 0.407 9 11/24/86 8:00 0 .118 3. 72 39 1. 30 0.231 0 .114 41 12/09/87 22:00 0 .117 3.68 40 1. 27 0. 211 0 .113 43 11/05/88 22:00 0 .114 3.53 41 1. 24 0 .191 0.484 3 1/09/90 14: 00 0 .113 3.46 42 1.21 0 .171 0.452 8 4/05/91 6: 00 0 .113 3.40 43 1.18 0.151 0.140 18 1/31/92 22:00 0 .111 3.33 44 1.15 0 .131 0.109 45 3/23/93 12:00 0.109 3.22 45 1.12 0 .111 0.098 50 2/17/94 21:00 0.108 3.15 46 1.10 0.091 0.142 16 12/27/94 20:00 0.105 2.98 47 1. 08 0. 071 0.550 2 2/09/96 4:00 0.104 2.94 48 1. 05 0.051 0.479 5 1/02/97 12:00 0.102 2.76 49 1. 03 0.031 0.113 42 10/30/97 11: 00 0.098 2.59 50 1. 01 0. 011 Computed Peaks 0.953 7.57 100.00 0.990 Computed Peaks 0. 711 7.51 50.00 0.980 Computed Peaks 0. 526 6.81 25.00 0. 960 Computed Peaks 0.347 6.09 10.00 0.900 Computed Peaks 0.320 6.07 8.00 0.875 Computed Peaks 0.249 5.94 5.00 0.800 Computed Peaks 0. 150 5.55 2.00 0.500 Computed Peaks 0 .111 3.30 1.30 0.231 Flow Frequency Analysis LogPearson III Coefficients Time Series File:c-232.tsf Mean= -1.477 StdDev= 0.232 Project Location;Sea-Tac Skew~ -0.124 ---Annual Peak Flow Rates--------Flow Frequency Analysis------- Flow Rate Rank Time of Peak --Peaks Rank Re-:.urn Prob (CFS) (CFS) Period 0.041 16 2/16/49 22:00 0.093 1 89.50 0.989 0.080 5 3/03/50 16:00 0.088 2 32.13 0. 969 0.088 2 2/09/51 18:00 0.083 3 19.58 0.949 0.028 32 1/30/52 9:00 0.082 4 14. 08 0. 929 0. 021 42 1/18/53 19:00 0.080 5 10.99 0.909 0.031 27 1/06/54 5:00 0.068 6 9.01 0.889 0.054 10 2/07/55 21:00 0. 0 65 7 7.64 0.869 0. 04 6 13 12/20/55 17:00 0.059 8 6.63 0.849 0.036 21 12/09/56 15:00 0.055 9 5.86 0.829 0.038 20 1/16/58 20:00 0.054 10 5.24 0.809 0.032 24 1/24/59 2:00 0.054 11 4.75 0.789 0.059 8 11/20/59 21:00 0.047 12 4. 34 0.769 0.032 22 2/24/61 15:00 0.046 13 3.99 0. 749 0.019 44 1/03/62 1: 00 0.045 14 3.70 0. 72 9 0.026 36 11/25/62 14:00 0.042 15 3.44 0.709 0.032 25 1/01/64 18:00 0.041 16 3.22 0.690 0.022 39 11/30/64 12: 00 0.040 17 3.03 0.670 0.024 38 1/06/66 3:00 0.040 18 2.85 0.650 0.054 11 1/19/67 14:00 0.039 19 2.70 0.630 0.032 23 2/03/68 23:00 0.038 20 2.56 0.610 0.031 28 12/03/68 17:00 0.036 21 2.44 0.590 0.026 34 1/13/70 23:00 0.032 22 2.32 0.570 0.021 41 12/06/70 8:00 0.032 23 2.22 0.550 0.065 7 2/28/72 3:00 0.032 24 2.13 0.530 0. 02 9 30 1/13/73 5:00 0.032 25 2. 04 0.510 0.031 26 1/15/74 2:00 0. 031 26 1. 96 0. 4 90 B-61 SE 14¢1' Street-June 2007 0.047 12 12/26/74 23:00 0.031 27 1. 89 0.470 0. 02 9 29 12/03/75 17:00 0.031 28 1. 82 0.450 0.004 50 3/24/77 20:00 0.029 29 1. 75 0.430 0.025 37 12/10/77 17:00 0.029 30 1. 70 0.410 0.015 46 2/12/79 8:00 0.028 31 1. 64 0.390 0.040 17 12/15/79 8:00 0.028 32 1. 59 0.370 0.022 40 12 /2 6/ 80 4: 00 0.027 33 1.54 0.350 0.040 18 10/06/81 15:00 0.026 34 1. 49 0.330 0.039 19 1/05/83 8:00 0.026 35 1. 45 0.310 0. 02 6 35 1/24/84 11: 00 0. 02 6 36 1. 41 0.291 0.012 48 2/11/85 5:00 0.025 37 1. 37 0.271 0.068 6 1/18/86 21: 00 0.024 38 1. 33 0.251 0.055 9 11/24/86 4:00 0.022 39 1. 30 0.231 0. 021 43 1/14/88 13:00 0.022 40 1. 27 0. 211 0.013 47 4/05/89 16:00 0. 021 41 1. 24 0.191 0.093 1 1/09/90 9:00 0 .021 42 1.21 0.171 0.082 4 4/05/91 2:00 0.021 43 1.18 0.151 0.027 33 1/27/92 17:00 0.019 44 1.15 0.131 0.028 31 3/23/93 0:00 0.016 45 1.12 0 .111 0.008 49 3/03/94 4:00 0.015 46 1.10 0.091 0.042 15 2/19/95 20:00 0.013 47 1. 08 0 .071 0.083 3 2/09/96 1:00 0.012 48 1. 05 0.051 0.045 14 1/02/97 9:00 0.008 49 1. 03 0.031 0.016 45 1/07/98 9:00 0.004 50 1. 01 0.011 Computed Peaks 0 .110 100.00 0.990 Computed Peaks 0. 0 97 50.00 0.980 Computed Peaks 0.083 25.00 0. 960 Computed Peaks 0.066 10. 00 0.900 Computed Peaks 0. 0 62 8.00 0.875 Computed Peaks 0.053 5.00 0.800 Computed Peaks 0.034 2.00 0.500 Computed Peaks 0.022 1. 30 0.231 Flow Frequency Analysis LogPearson III Coefficients Time Series File:c-240.tsf Mean= 0.137 StdDev-0 .114 Project Location:Sea-Tac Skew= 0.402 ---Annual Peak Flow Rates--------Flow Frequency Analysis------- Flow Rate Rank Time of Peak --Peaks Rank Return Prob (CFS) (CFS) Period 1. 42 21 2/16/49 21 :00 2.57 1 89.50 0.989 2.44 2 3/03/50 16:00 2. 44 2 32 .13 0. 969 1. 4 7 19 2/09/51 2:00 2.33 3 19.58 0.949 1. 10 40 10/15/51 13:00 2.25 4 14.08 0. 929 1. 07 44 3/24/53 15:00 1. 94 5 10.99 0.909 1. 31 25 12/19/53 19:00 1.91 6 9.01 0.889 1. 34 23 11/25/54 2: 00 1. 82 7 7.64 0.869 1. 31 26 11/18/55 15:00 1.80 8 6.63 0.849 1. 58 14 12/09/56 14:00 1.70 9 5.86 0.829 1. 38 22 12/25/57 16:00 1. 68 10 5.24 0.809 1. 02 47 11/18/58 13: 00 1.65 11 4.75 0.789 1. 33 24 11/20/59 5:00 1. 62 12 4.34 0.769 1.18 35 2/14/61 21:00 1. 61 13 3. 99 0.749 1.15 38 11/22/61 2:00 1. 58 14 3.70 0. 729 1.18 36 12/15/62 2:00 1. 57 15 3.44 0.709 1. 31 27 12/31/63 23:00 1. 55 16 3.22 0.690 1.17 37 12/21/64 4:00 1. 55 17 3.03 0. 670 1.18 34 1/05/66 16:00 1. 51 18 2.85 0.650 1. 80 8 11/13/66 19:00 1. 4 7 19 2.70 0.630 1. 94 5 8/24/68 16:00 1. 4 6 20 2.56 0.610 B-62 SE I 44'~ Street -June 2007 1. 08 41 12/03/68 16: 00 1. 42 21 2.44 0.590 1. 20 33 1/13/70 22:00 1. 38 22 2.32 0.570 1.15 39 12/06/70 8:00 1. 34 23 2.22 0.550 1. 82 7 2/27 /72 7:00 1. 33 24 2.13 0.530 1. 05 46 1/13/73 2:00 1. 31 25 2.04 0.510 1. 28 28 11/28/73 9:00 1. 31 26 1. 96 0.490 1. 70 9 12/26/74 23:00 1. 31 27 1. 89 0.470 1. 08 42 12/02/75 20:00 1.28 28 1. 82 0.450 1. 23 31 8/26/77 2:00 1. 27 29 1. 75 0.430 1. 68 10 9/17/78 2:00 1. 23 30 1. 70 0.410 1. 46 20 9/08/79 15:00 1. 23 31 1. 64 0.390 1. 55 17 12/14/79 21: 00 1. 22 32 1. 59 0.370 1. 61 13 11/21/80 11: 00 1. 20 33 1. 54 0.350 2.25 4 10/06/81 0:00 1.18 34 1. 49 0.330 1. 57 15 10/28/82 16:00 1. 18 35 1. 45 0.310 1.27 29 1/03/84 1:00 1.18 36 1. 41 0. 2 91 1. 07 45 6/06/85 22:00 1.17 37 1. 37 0.271 1. 55 16 1/18/86 16:00 1.15 38 1. 33 0.251 1. 91 6 10/26/86 0:00 1.15 39 1. 30 0.231 0.828 49 11/11/87 0:00 1.10 40 1.27 0. 211 1. 07 43 8/21/89 17:00 1. 08 41 1. 24 0.191 2.57 1 1/09/90 6:00 1. 08 42 1.21 0. 171 2.33 3 11/24/90 8:00 1. 07 43 1.18 0.151 1. 23 30 1/27/92 15:00 1. 07 44 1.15 0 .131 0.778 50 11/01/92 16:00 1. 07 45 1.12 0 .111 0. 911 48 11/30/93 22:00 1. 05 46 1.10 0.091 1. 22 32 11/30/94 4:00 1. 02 47 1. 08 0 .071 1. 65 11 2/08/96 10:00 0. 911 48 1. 05 0.051 1. 51 18 1/02/97 6:00 0.828 49 1. 03 0.031 1. 62 12 10/04/97 15:00 0.778 50 1.01 0. 011 Computed Peaks 2.72 100.00 0.990 Computed Peaks 2.48 50.00 0.980 Computed Peaks 2.24 25.00 0. 960 Computed Peaks 1. 94 10.00 0.900 Computed Peaks 1. 87 8.00 0.875 Computed Peaks 1. 70 5.00 0.800 Computed Peaks 1. 35 2.00 0.500 Computed Peaks 1.12 1. 30 0.231 Flow Frequency Analysis LogPearson III Coefficients Time Series File:c-24Drd.tsf Mean= -0.255 StdDev= 0.169 Project Location:Sea-Tac Skew= 1.275 ---Annual Peak Flow Rates--------Flow Frequency Analysis------- Flow Rate Rank Time of Peak --Peaks --Rank Return Prob (CFS) (CFS) (ft) Period 0. 471 30 2/17/49 1: OD 1. 34 4.97 1 89.50 0.989 0.524 18 3/04/50 4:00 1. 26 4.89 2 32.13 0. 969 1. 34 1 2/09/51 19:00 1. 26 4.89 3 19. 58 0. 94 9 0.416 44 1/30/52 11: OD 1. 21 4. 7 9 4 14.08 0. 929 0.432 40 9/30/53 17:00 1.21 4. 7 9 5 10.99 0. 909 0.484 25 1/06/54 7: 00 1.16 4. 63 6 9.01 0.889 0.570 11 2/08/55 0:00 1.15 4. 61 7 7.64 0.869 0.533 16 12/22/55 15:00 1. 08 4.43 8 6.63 0. 84 9 0.512 19 12/09/56 18:00 0.998 4.20 9 5.86 0.829 0.487 24 1/16/58 23:00 0. 943 4.08 10 5.24 0.809 0.459 32 10/19/58 9:00 0.570 3.66 11 4.75 0.789 1. 15 7 11/20/59 23:00 0.565 3.61 12 4.34 0.769 0. 4 90 23 11/20/60 16:00 0.553 3.46 13 3.99 0.749 0.382 47 1/03/62 3:00 0.543 3.34 14 3.70 0.729 B-63 SE 14..f' Street-June 2007 0.483 27 11/25/62 16:00 0.535 3.24 15 3. 44 0.709 0.473 28 1/01/64 20:00 0.533 3.22 16 3.22 0.690 0.499 21 11/24/64 10:00 0.528 3.16 17 3.03 0.670 0.421 43 12/28/65 17:00 0.524 3.11 18 2.85 0.650 0.543 14 1/19/67 19:00 0.512 2. 96 19 2. 70 0.630 0.442 38 2/19/68 4: 00 0.508 2. 92 20 2.56 0.610 0. 471 29 12/03/68 22:00 0. 4 99 2. 82 21 2. 44 0.590 0. 4 69 31 1/14/70 14:00 0.497 2. 80 22 2.32 0.570 0.508 20 12/06/70 14:00 0.490 2.73 23 2.22 0.550 0.998 9 2/28/72 7:00 0.487 2.69 24 2.13 0.530 0.440 39 12/26/72 6:00 0.484 2. 65 25 2.04 0.510 0.448 36 1/15/74 8:00 0.483 2. 65 26 1. 96 0. 4 90 0.553 13 12/27/74 6:00 0.483 2. 64 27 1. 89 0.470 0. 4 97 22 12/04/75 1:00 0.473 2.53 28 1. 82 0.450 0.359 49 8/24/77 0:00 0.471 2.51 29 1. 75 0.430 0.483 26 9/23/78 11: 00 0. 471 2.51 30 1. 70 0.410 0.387 46 11/19/78 8:00 0.469 2.48 31 1. 64 0. 390 0.943 10 12/15/79 9:00 0.459 2.38 32 1. 59 0.370 0. 42 6 42 11/21/80 14:00 0.457 2.36 33 l. 54 0.350 1. 2 6 3 10/06/81 17:00 0.455 2. 34 34 1. 49 0.330 0.528 17 1/05/83 15:00 0.450 2.30 35 1. 45 0.310 0.409 45 1/24/84 13:00 0.448 2.28 36 1. 41 0.291 0.455 34 6/07/85 7:00 0.444 2.24 37 1. 37 0. 271 1. 08 8 1/18/86 22:00 0.442 2 .21 38 1. 33 0.251 1. 16 6 11/24/86 7:00 0.440 2.20 39 1. 30 0.231 0.427 41 1/14/88 19:00 0.432 2 .11 40 1. 27 0. 211 0.368 48 11/05/88 19:00 0. 427 2.06 41 1. 24 0 .191 1. 2 6 2 1/09/90 11: 00 0. 42 6 2.05 42 1. 21 0 .171 1.21 4 4/05/91 3:00 0. 421 2.01 43 1.18 0.151 0.444 37 1/28/92 10:00 0.416 1. 96 44 1.15 0.131 0.450 35 3/23/93 5:00 0.409 1. 89 45 1.12 0 .111 0.333 50 12/01/93 16:00 0.387 1. 70 46 1.10 0.091 0.535 15 2/19/95 22:00 0.382 1. 66 47 1. 08 0.071 1. 21 5 2/09/96 3:00 0.368 1. 53 48 1. 05 0.051 0.565 12 1/02/97 12:00 0.359 1. 46 49 1. 03 0.031 0.457 33 10/30/97 9:00 0.333 1. 26 50 1. 01 0. 011 Computed Peaks 1. 93 5.23 100.00 0.990 Computed Peaks 1. 56 5.10 50.00 0. 980 Computed Peaks 1. 26 4.89 25.00 0. 960 Computed Peaks 0.935 4. 07 10.00 0. 900 Computed Peaks 0.881 3.99 8. 00 0.875 Computed Peaks 0.736 3. 8 9 5.00 0.800 Computed Peaks 0.512 2.97 2. 00 0.500 Computed Peaks 0. 411 1. 91 1. 30 0.231 Flow Frequency Analysis LogPearson III Coefficients Time Series File:c-241.tsf Mean= 0.052 StdDev-0 .114 Project Location:Sea-Tac Skew= 0.403 ---Annual Peak Flow Rates--------Flow Frequency Analysis------- Flow Rate Rank Time of Peak --Peaks Rank Return Prob (CFS) (CFS) Period 1.17 21 2/16/49 21:00 2.12 1 89.50 0.989 2.02 2 3/03/50 16:00 2.02 2 32.13 0.969 1. 21 19 2/09/51 2:00 1. 93 3 19.58 0.949 0.902 40 10/15/51 13:00 1. 85 4 14.08 0. 92 9 0.879 44 3/24/53 15:00 1. 59 5 10.99 0.909 1. 08 25 12/19/53 19:00 1. 57 6 9.01 0.889 1.11 23 11/25/54 2:00 1. 50 7 7.64 0.869 1. 08 26 11/18/55 15:00 1. 48 8 6.63 0. 84 9 B-64 SE 14.f' Street-June 2007 1. 30 14 12/09/56 14:00 1. 40 9 5.86 0.829 1.13 22 12/25/57 16:00 1. 38 10 5.24 0.809 0.838 47 11/18/58 13:00 1. 37 11 4.75 0.789 1.10 24 11/20/59 5: 00 1. 33 12 4. 34 0.769 0. 972 36 2/14/61 21:00 1.32 13 3.99 0.749 0. 943 39 11/22/61 2:00 1. 30 14 3.70 0.729 0. 97 3 35 12/15/62 2:00 1. 29 15 3.44 0.709 1. 08 27 12/31/63 23:00 1. 29 16 3.22 0.690 0. 964 37 12/21/64 4: 00 1. 27 17 3.03 0.670 a. 97 6 34 1/05/66 16:00 1. 24 18 2.85 0.650 1. 48 8 11/13/66 19:00 1.21 19 2.70 0.630 1. 59 5 8/24/68 16:00 1. 20 20 2.56 0.610 0.893 42 12/03/68 16:00 1.1 7 21 2.44 0.590 0.985 33 1/13/70 22:00 1.13 22 2. 32 0.570 0.945 38 12/06/70 8: 00 1.11 23 2.22 0.550 1. 50 7 2/27 /72 7:00 1.10 24 2.13 0.530 0. 8 64 46 1/13/73 2:00 1. 08 25 2.04 0.510 1. 0 6 28 11/28/73 9:00 1. 08 26 1. 96 0.490 1. 40 9 12/26/74 23:00 1. 08 27 1. 89 0.470 0. 8 94 41 12/02/75 20:00 1. 06 28 1. 82 0.450 1. 01 31 8/26/77 2: 00 1. 05 29 1. 75 0.430 1. 38 10 9/17/78 2: 00 1. 02 30 1. 70 0.410 1. 20 20 9/08/79 15:00 1. 01 31 1. 64 0.390 1.27 17 12/14/79 21:00 1. 00 32 1. 59 0.370 1. 32 13 11/21/80 11: 00 C.985 33 1. 54 0.350 1. 85 4 10/06/81 0:00 0.976 34 1. 4 9 0.330 1. 29 15 10/28/82 16:00 0.973 35 1. 45 0.310 1. 05 29 1/03/84 1:00 0.972 36 1. 41 0.291 0.877 45 6/06/85 22:00 0. 964 37 1. 37 0. 271 1. 29 16 1/18/86 16:00 0.945 38 1. 33 0.251 1. 57 6 10/26/86 0:00 0.943 39 1. 30 0.231 0.680 49 11/11/87 0:00 0.902 40 1. 27 0. 211 0.881 43 8/21/89 17:00 0.894 41 1. 24 0.191 2.12 1 1/09/90 6:00 0.893 42 1. 21 0 .171 1. 93 3 11/24/90 8: 00 0.881 43 1.18 0.151 l. 02 30 1/27 /92 15:00 0.879 44 1.15 0 .131 0. 639 50 11/01/92 16:00 0. 877 45 1.12 0 .111 0.748 48 11/30/93 22:00 0.864 46 1.10 0.091 1. 00 32 11/30/94 4:00 0.838 47 1. 08 0. 071 1. 37 11 2/08/96 10:00 0.748 48 1. 05 0.051 1. 24 18 1/02/97 6:00 0.680 49 1. 03 0.031 1. 33 12 10/04/97 15:00 0.639 50 1. 01 0. 011 Computed Peaks 2.25 100.00 0. 990 Computed Peaks 2.05 50.00 0.980 Computed Peaks 1. 85 25.00 0. 960 Computed Peaks 1. 60 10.00 0.900 Computed Peaks 1. 54 8.00 0.875 Computed Peaks 1. 40 5.00 0.800 Computed Peaks 1.11 2. 00 0.500 Computed Peaks 0. 920 1. 30 0.231 Flow Frequency Analysis Log Pearson III Coefficients Time Series File:c-244.tsf Mean= 0.350 StdDev~ 0.151 Project Location:Sea-Tac Skew= 0.463 ---Annual Peak Flow Rates--------Flow Frequency Analysis------- Flow Rate Rank Time of Peak --Peaks Rank Return Prob (CFS) (CFS) Period 2.43 21 2/16/49 21:00 5 .19 1 89.50 0.989 5.15 2 3/03/50 16:00 5.15 2 32.13 0.969 B-65 SE l 44'h Street-June 2007 2.87 10 2/09/51 2:00 4.57 3 19.58 0. 94 9 1. 72 39 1/30/52 8: 00 4.21 4 14.08 0. 929 1. 58 44 3/24/53 15: 00 3.54 5 10.99 0.909 2.15 25 12/19/53 19:00 3. 44 6 9.01 0.889 2.38 22 2/07/55 17:00 3 .19 7 7.64 0.869 2.45 20 12/20/55 17:00 3.06 8 6.63 0.849 2. 78 12 12/09/56 14: 00 2.89 9 5. 86 0.829 2.16 24 12/25/57 16:00 2.87 10 5.24 0.809 1. 61 43 1/26/59 20:00 2.82 11 4.75 0.789 2.49 19 11/20/59 21:00 2.78 12 4.34 0.769 1. 93 33 2/14/61 21:00 2.76 13 3. 99 0. 749 1. 65 42 11/22/61 2:00 2.74 14 3.70 0.729 2.00 29 12/15/62 2:00 2.68 15 3.44 0.709 2.10 27 12/31/63 23:00 2.63 16 3.22 0.690 1. 78 38 12/21/64 4:00 2.57 17 3.03 0.670 1. 93 34 1/05/66 16: 00 2.53 18 2.85 0.650 2.89 9 11/13/66 19: 00 2.49 19 2.70 0.630 2.76 13 8/24/68 16: 00 2.45 20 2.56 0.610 1. 83 36 12/03/68 16: 00 2.43 21 2.44 0.590 1. 96 32 1/13/70 22:00 2.38 22 2.32 0.570 2.00 30 12/06/70 8:00 2.18 23 2.22 0.550 3.54 5 2/27 /72 7:00 2 .16 24 2.13 0.530 1. 68 40 1/13/73 2:00 2.15 25 2.04 0.510 2.14 26 11/28/73 9:00 2 .14 26 1. 96 0.490 3.19 7 12/26/74 23:00 2.10 27 1. 89 0.470 1. 87 35 12/02/75 20:00 2. 08 28 1. 82 0.450 1. 53 45 8/26/77 2:00 2.00 29 1. 75 0.430 2.57 17 9/22/78 19: 00 2.00 30 1. 70 0.410 1. 67 41 9/08/79 15:00 1. 97 31 1. 64 0.390 2. 68 15 12/14/79 21:00 1. 96 32 1. 59 0.370 2.53 18 11/21/80 11 :00 1. 93 33 1. 54 0.350 4.21 4 10/06/81 15:00 1. 93 34 1. 49 0.330 2.18 23 10/28/82 16:00 1. 87 35 1.45 0.310 2.08 28 1/03/84 1: 00 1. 83 36 1. 41 0.291 1. 40 46 6/06/85 22:00 1. 79 37 1. 37 0. 271 3. 0 6 8 1/18/86 16:00 1.78 38 1. 33 0.251 2. 82 11 11/24/86 3: 00 1. 72 39 1. 30 0.231 1. 30 48 1/14/88 12:00 1. 68 40 1.27 0. 211 1. 36 47 11/05/88 14: 00 1. 67 41 1. 24 0 .191 5.19 1 1/09/90 6:00 1. 65 42 1. 21 0.171 4.57 3 11/24/90 8:00 1. 61 43 1.18 0.151 1. 97 31 1/27/92 15:00 1. 58 44 1.15 0.131 1. 28 49 3/22/93 22:00 1. 53 45 1.12 0 .111 1. 09 50 11/30/93 22:00 1. 40 46 1.10 0.091 1. 79 37 11/30/94 4: 00 1. 36 47 1. 08 0. 071 3.44 6 2/08/96 10:00 1. 30 48 1. 05 0.051 2.74 14 1/02/97 6:00 1. 28 49 1. 03 0.031 2. 63 16 10/04/97 15: 00 1. 09 50 1. 01 0. 011 Computed Peaks 5. 65 100.00 0. 990 Computed Peaks 4. 97 50.00 0.980 Computed Peaks 4.33 25.00 0. 960 Computed Peaks 3.54 10.00 0.900 Computed Peaks 3.39 8. 00 0.875 Computed Peaks 2. 97 5.00 0.800 Computed Peaks 2.18 2.00 0.500 Computed Peaks 1. 71 1. 30 0.231 Flow Frequency Analysis LogPearson III Coefficients Time Series File:c-250.tsf Mean= 0.048 StdDev= 0.126 Project Location:Sea-Tac Skew= 0.396 B-66 SE 144'h Street-June 2007 ---Annual Peak Flow Rates--------Flow Frequency Analysis------- Flow Rate Rank Time of Peak --Peaks Rank Return Prob (CFS) (CFS) Period 1.18 20 2/16/49 21:00 2.27 1 89.50 0.989 2 .21 2 3/03/50 16:00 2.21 2 32.13 0.969 1. 27 18 2/09/51 2:00 2.02 3 19.58 0.949 0.844 44 10/15/51 13:00 1. 88 4 14.08 0. 929 0.855 42 3/24/53 15:00 1.58 5 10.99 0.909 1. 08 26 12/19/53 19:00 1. 55 6 9.01 0.889 1. 09 25 11/25/54 2:00 1. 48 7 7.64 0.869 1.10 23 12/20/55 17:00 1. 48 8 6.63 0.849 1. 33 14 12/09/56 14:00 1.46 9 5.86 0.829 1.12 21 12/25/57 16:00 1. 45 10 5.24 0.809 0. 817 46 1/26/59 20:00 1.35 11 4. 7 5 0.789 1.11 22 11/20/59 5:00 1. 34 12 4.34 0.769 0. 972 33 2/14/61 21:00 1.33 13 3.99 0.749 0.912 39 11/22/61 2:00 1. 33 14 3.70 0. 729 0.982 31 12/15/62 2: 00 1. 30 15 3.44 0.709 1. 06 28 12/31/63 23:00 1. 30 16 3.22 0.690 0. 941 37 12/21/64 4:00 1. 28 17 3.03 0.670 0. 967 35 1/05/66 16:00 1. 27 18 2.85 0.650 1. 4 8 8 11/13/66 19:00 1. 23 19 2.70 0.630 1. 55 6 8/24/68 16:00 1.18 20 2.56 0.610 0.889 41 12/03/68 16:00 1.12 21 2.44 0.590 0. 97 9 32 1 /13/70 22:00 1.11 22 2.32 0.570 0.954 36 12/06/70 8:00 1.10 23 2.22 0.550 1. 58 5 2/27 /72 7: 00 1. 09 24 2.13 0.530 0.845 43 1/13/73 2:00 1. 09 25 2.04 0.510 1. 08 27 11/28/73 9:00 1. 08 26 1. 96 0. 4 90 1. 46 9 12/26/74 23:00 1. 08 27 1. 8 9 0.470 0. 895 40 12/02/75 20:00 1. 06 28 1. 82 0.450 0. 936 38 8/26/77 2:00 1. 05 29 1. 75 0.430 1. 35 11 9/22/78 19:00 1. 01 30 1. 70 0.410 1. 09 24 9/08/79 15:00 0.982 31 1. 64 0.390 1. 30 16 12/14/79 21:00 0.979 32 1. 59 0.370 1. 30 15 11/21/80 11: 00 0. 972 33 1. 54 0.350 1. 88 4 10/06/81 15:00 0. 972 34 1. 4 9 0.330 1. 23 19 10/28/82 16:00 0.967 35 1. 45 0.310 1. 05 29 1/03/84 1:00 0.954 36 1. 41 0. 291 0.828 45 6/06/85 22:00 0.941 37 1. 37 0. 271 1. 33 13 1/18/86 16:00 0.936 38 1. 33 0.251 1. 48 7 10/26/86 0:00 0.912 39 1. 30 0.231 0.646 49 1/14/88 0:00 0.895 40 1.27 0. 211 0. 774 47 8/21/89 17:00 0.889 41 1. 24 0 .191 2.27 1 1/09/90 6:00 0.855 42 1. 21 0 .171 2.02 3 11/24/90 8:00 0.845 43 1.18 0.151 1. 01 30 1/27 /92 15:00 0.844 44 1.15 0.131 0.600 50 12/10/92 6:00 0.828 45 1.12 0 .111 0.689 48 11/30/93 22:00 0.817 46 1.10 0. 091 0.972 34 11/30/94 4:00 0.774 47 1. 08 0.071 1. 45 10 2/08/96 10:00 0.689 48 1. 05 0.051 1. 28 17 1/02/97 6:00 0.646 49 1. 03 0.031 1. 34 12 10/04/97 15:00 0.600 50 1. 01 0. 011 Computed Peaks 2.39 100.00 0.990 Computed Peaks 2.16 50.00 0.980 Computed Peaks 1. 93 25.00 0.960 Computed Peaks 1. 64 10.00 0.900 Computed Peaks 1. 58 8.00 0.875 Computed Peaks 1. 42 5.00 0.800 B-67 SE 14¢1' Street -June 2007 Computed Peaks 1.10 2.00 0.500 Computed Peaks 0.893 1. 30 0.231 Flow Frequency Analysis Log Pearson III Coefficients Time Series File:c-260.tsf Mean= -0.230 StdDev= 0.124 Project Location:Sea-Tac Skew~ 0.395 ---Annual Peak Flow Rates--------Flow Frequency Analysis------- Flow Rate Rank Time of Peak --Peaks Rank Return Prob (CFS) (CFS) Period 0.617 20 2/16/49 21:00 1.18 1 89.50 0.989 1.14 2 3/03/50 16:00 1.14 2 32.13 0. 969 0.660 18 2/09/51 2:00 1. 05 3 19.58 0.949 0.449 43 10/15/51 13:00 0. 977 4 14.08 0. 929 0.452 42 3/24/53 15:00 0.824 5 10.99 0. 909 0.567 26 12/19/53 19:00 0.819 6 9.01 0.889 0. 572 25 11/25/54 2:00 0.788 7 7.64 0.869 0.574 24 12/20/55 17:00 0.777 8 6.63 0. 84 9 0.695 13 12/09/56 14:00 0. 7 60 9 5. 8 6 0. 82 9 0.590 21 12/25/57 16: 00 0.752 10 5.24 0.809 0.430 46 11/18/58 13:00 0. 711 11 4.75 0.789 0.581 23 11/20/59 5:00 0.704 12 4.34 0. 7 69 0. 511 34 2/14/61 21:00 0.695 13 3.99 0. 74 9 0.483 39 11/22/61 2:00 0.695 14 3.70 0. 729 0.515 31 12/15/62 2:00 0.687 15 3.44 0.709 0.561 28 12/31/63 23:00 0.681 16 3.22 0.690 0.497 38 12/21/64 4:00 0.668 17 3.03 0.670 0.509 35 1/05/66 16:00 0.660 18 2.85 0.650 0. 777 8 11/13/66 19: 00 0.655 19 2. 70 0.630 0.819 6 8/24/68 16: 00 0.617 20 2.56 0.610 0.467 41 12/03/68 16:00 0.590 21 2.44 0.590 0.515 32 1/13/70 22:00 0.584 22 2.32 0.570 0.500 36 12/06/70 8:00 0.581 23 2.22 0.550 0.824 5 2/27/72 7:00 0.574 24 2.13 0.530 0.445 44 1/13/73 2:00 0 .572 25 2.04 0.510 0.564 27 11/28/73 9:00 0. 567 26 1. 96 0. 4 90 0.760 9 12/26/74 23:00 0. 564 27 1. 8 9 0.470 0.470 40 12/02/75 20:00 0.561 28 1. 82 0.450 0.499 37 8/26/77 2:00 0.550 29 1. 7 5 0.430 0. 711 11 9/22/78 19: 00 0.531 30 1. 70 0.410 0.584 22 9/08/79 15:00 0.515 31 1. 64 0.390 0.681 16 12/14/79 21:00 0.515 32 1. 59 0.370 0.687 15 11/21/80 11: 00 0.514 33 1. 54 0.350 0.977 4 10/06/81 15:00 0. 511 34 1. 49 0.330 0.655 19 10/28/82 16: 00 0.509 35 1. 45 0.310 0.550 29 1/03/84 1:00 0.500 36 1. 41 0.291 0.440 45 6/06/85 22:00 0.499 37 1. 37 0. 271 0.695 14 1/18/86 16:00 0.497 38 1. 33 0.251 0.788 7 10/26/86 0:00 0.483 39 1. 30 0.231 0.343 49 1/14/88 0:00 0.470 40 1. 27 0.211 0. 417 47 8/21/89 17:00 0.467 41 1. 24 0 .191 1. 18 1 1/09/90 6:00 0.452 42 1.21 0.171 1. 05 3 11/24/90 8:00 0.449 43 1. 18 0.151 0.531 30 1/27/92 15:00 0.445 44 1. 15 0.131 0.318 50 12/10/92 6:00 0.440 45 1.12 0 .111 0.368 48 11/30/93 22:00 0.430 46 1.10 0. 091 0.514 33 11/30/94 4:00 0.417 47 1. 08 0.071 0.752 10 2/08/96 10:00 0.368 48 1. 05 0.051 0.668 17 1/02/97 6:00 0.343 49 1. 03 0.031 0.704 12 10/04/97 15:00 0.318 50 1. 01 0. 011 B-68 SE J 44'h Street -June 2007 Computed Peaks 1. 24 100.00 0.990 Computed Peaks 1.12 50.00 0.980 Computed Peaks 1. 01 25.00 0.960 Computed Peaks 0.857 10.00 0.900 Computed Peaks 0.827 8.00 0.875 Computed Peaks 0.743 5.00 0.800 Computed Peaks 0. 577 2.00 0.500 Computed Peaks 0.472 1. 30 0.231 Flow Frequency Analysis LogPearson III Coefficients Time Series File:c-260rd.tsf Mean= -0.785 StdDev~ 0. 2 91 Project Location:Sea-Tac Skew= 1. 218 ---Annual Peak Flow Rates--------Flow Frequency Analysis------- Flow Rate Rank Time of Peak --Peaks --Rank Return Prob (CFS) (CFS) (ft) Period 0.133 36 2/22/49 6:00 1.19 5.21 1 8 9. 50 0.989 0 .179 14 3/05/50 7:00 0.942 5.17 2 32.13 0. 969 0.942 2 2/09/51 16:00 0.932 5.17 3 19.58 0. 94 9 0.081 42 2/04/52 9:00 0. 577 5.11 4 14.08 0. 92 9 0 .152 25 1/12/53 7:00 0.543 5.10 5 10.99 0. 909 0.145 31 1/06/54 12:00 0.439 5.07 6 9.01 0.889 0.135 35 2/08/55 15:00 0.303 5.03 7 7.64 0.869 0.191 11 12/22/55 16: 00 0.225 5.00 8 6.63 0. 84 9 0.142 33 2/26/57 4:00 0.209 4.99 9 5.86 0.829 0.171 18 1/17/58 8:00 0.200 4.74 10 5.24 0.809 0.125 39 1/24/59 18:00 0 .191 4.51 11 4.75 0.789 0. 577 4 11/21/59 2:00 0.183 4.32 12 4.34 0.769 0.168 19 11/24/60 17:00 0.181 4.29 13 3.99 0. 749 0. 072 45 12/24/61 6:00 0.179 4.22 14 3.70 0.729 0.156 22 11/26/62 11: 00 0.178 4.21 15 3.44 0.709 0.152 26 11/19/63 18:00 0 .173 4 .11 16 3.22 0.690 0.183 12 12/01/64 8: 00 0 .172 4.08 17 3.03 0.670 0 .140 34 1/07/66 3:00 0.171 4.07 18 2.85 0.650 0 .172 17 12/13/66 15:00 0.168 4.00 19 2. 7 0 0.630 0.150 27 1/20/68 20:00 0. 162 3.89 20 2.56 0.610 0.133 37 12/11/68 7:00 0 .162 3.87 21 2.44 0.590 0.145 32 1/27 /70 4: 00 0.156 3.77 22 2.32 0.570 0.153 24 12/07 /70 11: 00 0.155 3.74 23 2. 22 0.550 0.209 9 3/07 /72 1:00 0.153 3.71 24 2 .13 0.530 0.173 16 12/27 /72 19:00 0.152 3.69 25 2.04 0.510 0.155 23 1/16/74 19:00 0.152 3. 68 26 1. 96 0.490 0 .127 38 1/13/75 23:00 0.150 3.65 27 1. 89 0.470 0.150 28 12/04/75 4: 00 0.150 3.65 28 1. 82 0.450 0.061 50 8/26/77 7:00 0 .14 7 3.59 29 1. 75 0.430 0 .162 20 12/15/77 19:00 0.146 3.57 30 1. 70 0.410 0.066 48 2/13/79 12:00 0 .145 3.56 31 1. 64 0.390 0.543 5 12/17/79 18:00 0.145 3.56 32 1. 59 0.370 0.147 29 12/30/80 21: 00 0.142 3. 52 33 1. 54 0.350 0.200 10 10/07/81 1:00 0.140 3.48 34 1. 49 0.330 0.146 30 1/06/83 14:00 0.135 3.40 35 1. 45 0.310 0.073 44 12/13/83 5:00 0. 133 3.38 36 1. 41 0.291 0.074 43 11/04/84 9:00 0 .133 3.38 37 1. 37 o. n1 0.181 13 1/19/86 11 :00 0.127 3.28 38 1. 33 0.251 0.225 8 11/24/86 14:00 0.125 3.27 39 1. 30 0.231 0.109 40 12/09/87 23:00 0.109 3.09 40 1.27 0. 211 0. 071 46 11/06/88 0:00 0.105 3.04 41 1. 24 0 .191 1.19 1 1/09/90 10:00 0.081 2. 96 42 1. 21 0.171 0.303 7 4/05/91 7:00 0.074 2.91 43 1. 18 0.151 0 .162 21 1/31/92 6:00 0.073 2.86 44 1.15 0.131 B-69 SE 14.fn Street-June2007 0.070 47 1/26/93 6: 00 0.072 2.80 45 1. 12 0 .111 0.062 49 2/17/94 23:00 0. 071 2. 74 46 1. 10 0. 091 0.178 15 12/27/94 20:00 0.070 2.60 47 1. 08 0. 071 0.932 3 2/09/96 2:00 0.066 2.38 48 1. 05 0.051 0.439 6 1/02/97 12:00 0.062 2.13 49 1. 03 0.031 0.105 41 1/24/98 23:00 0.061 1. 99 50 1. 01 0. 011 Computed Peaks 1. 36 5.24 100.00 0.990 Computed Peaks 0. 959 5.18 50.00 0.980 Computed Peaks 0.666 5.13 25.00 0. 960 Computed Peaks 0.403 5.06 10.00 0.900 Computed Peaks 0.364 5.05 8.00 0.875 Computed Peaks 0. 2 68 5.02 5.00 0.800 Computed Peaks 0.144 3.54 2.00 0.500 Computed Peaks 0.097 3.01 1. 30 0.231 Flow Frequency Analysis LogPearson III Coefficients Time Series File: c-270. tsf Mean= -0.263 StdDev= 0.125 Project Location:Sea-Tac Skew~ 0. 392 ---Annual Peak Flow Rates--------Flow Frequency Analysis------- Flow Rate Rank Time of Peak --Peaks Rank Return Prob (CFS) (CFS) Period 0.573 20 2/16/49 21 :00 1.10 1 89.50 0.989 1. 06 2 3/03/50 16: 00 1. 06 2 32.13 0. 969 0.614 18 2/09/51 2:0C 0.982 3 19.58 0.949 0.415 43 10/15/51 13:00 0.910 4 14. 08 0.929 0.419 42 3/24/53 15:00 0. 7 68 5 10.99 0.909 0. 52 6 26 12/19/53 19: 00 0.758 6 9.01 0.889 0.530 25 11/25/54 2:00 0.728 7 7.64 0.869 0.534 24 12/20/55 17:00 0. 721 8 6.63 0.849 0.646 14 12/09/56 14:00 0.707 9 5. 86 0.829 0.547 21 12/25/57 16: DO 0.701 10 5.24 0.809 0.399 46 1/26/59 20:00 0.659 11 4.75 0.789 0.540 22 11/20/59 5:00 0.653 12 4.34 0.769 0.474 34 2/14/61 21:00 0.647 13 3. 99 0. 749 0.447 39 11/22/61 2:00 0.646 14 3.70 0.729 0.479 31 12/15/62 2:00 0.637 15 3.44 0.709 0.520 28 12/31/63 23:00 0.633 16 3.22 0.690 0. 4 60 38 12/21/64 4: 00 0.622 17 3.03 0.670 0.472 35 1/05/66 16:00 0. 614 18 2.85 0.650 0. 721 8 11/13/66 19:00 0.606 19 2.70 0.630 0.758 6 8/24/68 16:00 0.573 20 2.56 0.610 0.433 41 12/03/68 16:00 0.547 21 2.44 0.590 0.478 32 1/13/70 22:00 0.540 22 2.32 0.570 0. 4 64 36 12/06/70 8:00 0.539 23 2.22 0.550 0.768 5 2/27 /72 7:00 0.534 24 2.13 0.530 0.413 44 1/13/73 2:00 0.530 25 2.04 0.510 0. 524 27 11/28/73 9:00 0. 52 6 26 1. 96 0. 4 90 0.707 9 12/26/74 23:00 0.524 27 1. 89 0.470 0.436 40 12/02/75 20:00 0.520 28 1. 82 0.450 0.461 37 8/26/77 2:00 0.510 29 1. 75 0.430 0.659 11 9/22/78 19: 00 0. 4 92 30 1. 70 0.410 0.539 23 9/08/79 15:00 0. 47 9 31 1. 64 0.390 0.633 16 12/14/79 21 :00 0.478 32 1. 59 0.370 0.637 15 11/21/80 11 :00 0.476 33 1. 54 0.350 0.910 4 10/06/81 15:00 0.474 34 1. 49 0.330 0.606 19 10/28/82 16:00 0. 472 35 1. 45 0.310 0. 510 29 1/03/84 1:00 0. 4 64 36 1. 41 0. 2 91 0.407 45 6/06/85 22 :00 0. 4 61 37 1. 37 0. 271 0.647 13 1/18/86 16: 00 0. 4 60 38 1.33 0.251 B-70 SE 14,fh Street-June 2007 0. 728 7 10/26/86 0:00 0.447 39 1. 30 0.231 0.317 49 1/14/88 0:00 0.436 40 1.27 0. 211 0.383 47 8/21/89 17:00 0.433 41 1.24 0.191 1.10 1 1/09/90 6:00 0.419 42 1. 21 0 .171 0.982 3 11/24/90 8:00 0. 415 43 1.18 0.151 0. 492 30 1/27/92 15:00 0. 413 44 1.15 0.131 0.294 50 12/10/92 6:00 0.407 45 1. 12 0 .111 0.339 48 11 /30/93 22: 00 0.399 46 1.10 0. 091 0.476 33 11/30/94 4:00 0.383 47 1. 08 0. 071 0.701 10 2/08/96 10:00 0.339 48 1. 05 0.051 0.622 17 1/02/97 6:00 0. 317 49 1. 03 0.031 0.653 12 10/04/97 15:00 0.294 50 1. 01 0.011 Computed Peaks 1.16 100.00 0.990 Computed Peaks 1. 04 50.00 0.980 Computed Peaks 0.936 25.00 0.960 Computed Peaks 0.797 10.00 0.900 Computed Peaks 0.769 8.00 0.875 Computed Peaks 0.690 5.00 0.800 Computed Peaks 0.536 2.00 0.500 Computed Peaks 0.437 1. 30 0.231 Flow Frequency Analysis LogPearson III Coefficients Time Series File:c-300.tsf Mean= -0.057 StdDev= 0 .172 Project Location:Sea-Tac Skew= 0.335 ---Annual Peak Flow Rates--------Flow Frequency Analysis------- Flow Rate Rank Time of Peak --Peaks Rank Return Prob (CFS) (CFS) Period 1. 02 17 2/16/49 21:00 2.19 1 89.50 0.989 2.17 2 3/03/50 16:00 2.17 2 32.13 0.969 1. 35 8 2/09/51 14: 00 1. 90 3 19.58 0.949 0. 718 38 1/30/52 8:00 1. 58 4 14. 08 0. 929 0.602 42 3/24/53 15:00 1. 58 5 10.99 0.909 0.842 21 12/19/53 19:00 1. 50 6 9.01 0.889 1. 05 16 2/07/55 17:00 1. 36 7 7.64 0.869 1. 08 15 12/20/55 17:00 1. 35 8 6.63 0.849 1.11 14 12/09/56 14: 00 1. 32 9 5.86 0.829 0. 796 27 12/25/57 16:00 1. 20 10 5.24 0.809 0.644 41 1/26/59 20:00 1. 20 11 4.75 0.789 1.14 13 11/20/59 21:00 1. 15 12 4.34 0.769 0. 775 32 2/14/61 21: 00 1.14 13 3.99 0.749 0.543 45 11/22/61 2:00 1.11 14 3.70 0. 72 9 0. 791 29 12/15/62 2:00 1. 08 15 3.44 0.709 0.838 22 12/31/63 23:00 1. 05 16 3.22 0.690 0. 672 40 12/21/64 4:00 1. 02 17 3.03 0. 670 0. 771 34 1/05/66 16:00 1. 02 18 2.85 0.650 1. 20 11 1/19/67 14:00 0.919 19 2.70 0.630 0.919 19 8/24/68 16: 00 0.855 20 2.56 0.610 0. 7 63 35 12/03/68 16:00 0.842 21 2.44 0.590 0.775 31 1/13/70 23:00 0.838 22 2.32 0.570 0. 774 33 12/06/70 8:00 0.831 23 2.22 0.550 1. 50 6 2/27/72 7:00 0.829 24 2.13 0.530 0.686 39 1/13/73 2:00 0.815 25 2.04 0.510 0.793 28 11/28/73 9:00 0.807 26 1. 96 0. 4 90 1. 32 9 12/26/74 23:00 0. 796 27 1. 89 0.470 0.782 30 12/02/75 20:00 0.793 28 1. 82 0.450 0.512 47 8/26/77 2: 00 0.791 29 1. 75 0.430 0. 82 9 24 9/22/78 19:00 0.782 30 1. 70 0.410 0.563 44 9/08/79 15:00 0.775 31 1. 64 0.390 1. 02 18 12/14/79 21:00 0.775 32 1. 59 0.370 B-71 St: 144°' Street-June 2007 0.831 23 11/21/80 11: 00 0. 774 33 1. 54 0.350 1. 58 4 10/06/81 15:00 0.771 34 1. 49 0.330 0.807 26 1/05/83 8:00 0.763 35 1. 45 0.310 0.815 25 1/03/84 1:00 0.762 36 1. 41 0. 2 91 0.469 48 6/06/85 22:00 0.759 37 1. 37 0. 271 1. 36 7 1/18/86 16: 00 0.718 38 1. 33 0.251 1. 20 10 11/24/86 3:00 0.686 39 1. 30 0.231 0.539 46 1/14/88 12:00 0.672 40 1.27 0. 211 0.444 49 11/05/88 14:00 0.644 41 1. 24 0.191 2.19 1 1/09/90 6:00 0.602 42 1.21 0 .171 1. 90 3 11/24/90 8:00 0.568 43 1.18 0.151 0.759 37 1/27/92 17:00 0.563 44 1.15 0.131 0.568 43 3/22/93 22:00 0.543 45 1.12 0 .111 0.368 50 11/30/93 22:00 0.539 46 1.10 0.091 0. 762 36 2/18/95 20:00 0.512 47 1. 08 0.071 1. 58 5 2/08/96 10:00 0.469 48 1. 05 0.051 1.15 12 1/02/97 6:00 0.444 49 1. 03 0. 031 0.855 20 10/04/97 15:00 0.368 50 1. 01 0. 011 Computed Peaks 2.42 100.00 0.990 Computed Peaks 2.12 50.00 0.980 Computed Peaks 1. 83 25.00 0. 960 Computed Peaks 1. 4 7 10.00 0.900 Computed Peaks 1. 40 8. 00 0.875 Computed Peaks 1. 21 5.00 0.800 Computed Peaks 0.859 2. 00 0.500 Computed Peaks 0.647 1.30 0.231 Flow Frequency Analysis LogPearson III Coefficients Time Series File:c-304.tsf Mean;=:: 0.141 StdDev~ 0.132 Project Location:Sea-Tac Skew= 0.426 ---Annual Peak Flow Rates--------Flow Frequency Analysis------- Flow Rate Rank Time of Peak --Peaks Rank Return Prob (CFS) (CFS) Period 1. 49 19 2/16/49 21: 00 2.93 1 89.50 0.989 2.86 2 3/03/50 16:00 2.86 2 32.13 0. 969 1. 65 13 2/09/51 2:00 2. 61 3 19.58 0.949 1. 0 6 42 1/30/52 8:00 2.38 4 14. 08 0. 929 1. 04 44 3/24/53 15:00 2. 04 5 10.99 0.909 1. 34 25 12/19/53 19:00 1. 92 6 9.01 0.889 1. 40 22 2/07/55 17:00 1. 86 7 7.64 0.869 1. 42 21 12/20/55 17:00 1. 84 8 6.63 0.849 1. 67 12 12/09/56 14: 00 1. 78 9 5.86 0.829 1. 37 24 12/25/57 16:00 1. 7 5 10 5.24 0.809 1. 01 45 1/26/59 20:00 1. 74 11 4.75 0.789 1. 40 23 11/20/59 5:00 1. 67 12 4. 34 0.769 1. 21 33 2/14/61 21:00 1. 65 13 3.99 0.749 1. 09 41 11/22/61 2:00 1. 63 14 3.70 0. 729 1. 23 31 12/15/62 2:00 1. 62 15 3.44 0.709 1. 32 26 12/31/63 23:00 1. 62 16 3 .22 0.690 1.15 37 12/21/64 4:00 1. 62 17 3.03 0.670 1. 20 34 1/05/66 16:00 1. 58 18 2.85 0.650 1. 78 9 11/13/66 19:00 1. 49 19 2. 70 0.630 1. 84 8 8/24/68 16:00 1. 47 20 2.56 0. 610 1.12 39 12/03/68 16: 00 1. 42 21 2.44 0. 590 1.22 32 1/13/70 22:00 1. 40 22 2.32 0.570 1. 20 35 12/06/70 8: 00 1. 40 23 2.22 0.550 2.04 5 2/27 /72 7:00 1. 37 24 2.13 0.530 1. 0 6 43 1/13/73 2:00 1. 34 25 2.04 0.510 1. 32 27 11/28/73 9:00 1. 32 26 1. 96 0.490 B-72 SE 14.¢» Street-June 2007 1. 86 7 12/26/74 23:00 1. 32 27 1. 89 0.470 1. 14 38 12/02/75 20:00 1. 30 28 1. 82 0.450 1. 10 40 8/26/77 2:00 1.27 29 1. 75 0.430 1. 62 15 9/22/78 19:00 1. 24 30 1. 70 0.410 1.27 29 9/08/79 15:00 1. 23 31 1. 64 0.390 1. 62 17 12/14/79 21:00 1. 22 32 1. 59 0.370 1.58 18 11/21/80 11: 00 1. 21 33 1. 54 0.350 2.38 4 10/06/81 15:00 1. 20 34 1. 49 0.330 1. 47 20 10/28/82 16:00 1. 20 35 1. 45 0.310 1. 30 28 1/03/84 1:00 1.17 36 1. 41 0. 2 91 0.978 46 6/06/85 22: 00 1.15 37 1. 37 0. 271 1. 75 10 1/18/86 16:00 1. 14 38 1. 33 0.251 1. 74 11 10/26/86 0:00 1.12 39 1. 30 0.231 0.782 49 1/14/88 12:00 1.10 40 1.27 0. 211 0. 897 47 8/21/89 17:00 1. 0 9 41 1. 24 0.191 2.93 1 1/09/90 6:00 1. 0 6 42 1.21 0 .171 2.61 3 11/24/90 8:00 1. 0 6 43 1.18 0.151 1. 24 30 1/27/92 15:00 1. 04 44 1.15 0.131 0.756 50 3/22/93 22:00 1. 01 45 1.12 0 .111 0.806 48 11/30/93 22:00 0.978 46 1.10 0.091 1.1 7 36 11/30/94 4:00 0.897 47 1. 08 0. 071 1. 92 6 2/08/96 10:00 0.806 48 1. 05 0. 051 1. 63 14 1/02/97 6:00 0.782 49 1. 03 0.031 1. 62 16 10/04/97 15:00 0.756 50 1. 01 0. 011 Computed Peaks 3.09 100.00 0. 990 Computed Peaks 2.77 50.00 0.980 Computed Peaks 2. 4 6 25.00 0. 960 Computed Peaks 2.07 10.00 0.900 Computed Peaks 1. 99 8.00 0.875 Computed Peaks 1. 77 5.00 0.800 Computed Peaks 1. 36 2.00 0.500 Computed Peaks 1. 0 9 1. 30 0.231 Flow Frequency Analysis LogPearson III Coefficients Time Series File:c-306.tsf Mean= -1.180 StdDev= 0.204 Project Location:Sea-Tac Skew-0.041 ---Annual Peak Flow Rates--------Flow Frequency Analysis------- Flow Rate Rank Time of Peak --Peaks Rank Return Prob (CFS) (CFS) Period 0.081 17 2/16/49 21: 00 0.177 1 89.50 0.989 0 .176 2 3/03/50 16: 00 0.176 2 32.13 0. 969 0.126 5 2/09/51 15:00 0.153 3 19. 58 0.949 0.056 37 1/30/52 8:00 0.136 4 14.08 0. 929 0.042 44 3/24/53 15:00 0.126 5 10.99 0.909 0. 0 62 23 12/19/53 19:00 0.122 6 9.01 0.889 0.087 15 2/07/55 19:00 0 .118 7 7.64 0.869 0.089 14 12/20/55 17:00 0 .115 8 6.63 0.849 0.085 16 12/09/56 14:00 0.104 9 5.86 0.829 0.064 21 1/16/58 16:00 0.100 10 5.24 0.809 0.052 40 1/23/59 23:00 0.100 11 4.75 0.789 0.100 10 11/20/59 21: 00 0.100 12 4.34 0.769 0.058 31 2/14/61 21:00 0. 092 13 3.99 0.749 0.037 45 1/02/62 22:00 0.089 14 3.70 0. 72 9 0.059 30 12/15/62 2:00 0.087 15 3.44 0.709 0.062 22 12/31/63 23:00 0.085 16 3.22 0.690 0.047 42 12/21/64 4:00 0.081 17 3.03 0. 670 0.058 32 1/05/66 16:00 0.073 18 2.85 0.650 0.100 11 1/19/67 14:00 0.069 19 2.70 0.630 0.060 25 2/03/68 22:00 0.067 20 2.56 0.610 B-73 SE 14/h Street-June 2007 0.060 27 12/03/68 16:00 0.064 21 2.44 0.590 0.060 28 1/13/70 23:00 0.062 22 2.32 0.570 0.058 33 12/06/70 8:00 0.062 23 2 .22 0.550 0.122 6 2/28/72 3:00 0.061 24 2.13 0.530 0.053 38 1/13/73 4:00 0.060 25 2.04 0.510 0.057 34 1/15/74 2:00 0.060 26 1. 96 0. 4 90 0.104 9 12/26/74 23:00 0.060 27 1. 89 0.470 0.061 24 12/02/75 20:00 0.060 28 1. 82 0.450 0.029 48 8/26/77 2:00 0.059 29 1. 75 0.430 0.057 35 12/10/77 17:00 0.059 30 1. 70 0.410 0.031 47 11/19/78 3:00 0.058 31 1. 64 0.390 0.073 18 12/14/79 21: 00 0.058 32 1. 59 0.370 0.056 36 12/26/80 0:00 0.058 33 1. 54 0.350 0 .118 7 10/06/81 15:00 0.057 34 1. 4 9 0.330 0.069 19 1/05/83 8:00 0.057 35 1. 45 0.310 0.060 26 1/03/84 1:00 0.056 36 1. 41 0. 2 91 0.031 46 2/11/85 3:00 0.056 37 1. 37 0. 271 0 .115 8 1/18/86 16: 00 0.053 38 1. 33 0.251 0.100 12 11/24/86 4:00 0.052 39 1. 30 0.231 0.043 43 1/14/88 12:00 0.052 40 1. 27 0. 211 0. 027 49 12/30/88 5:00 0.048 41 1. 24 0.191 0.177 1 1/09/90 6:00 0.047 42 1. 21 0 .171 0.153 3 11/24/90 8:00 0.043 43 1.18 0.151 0.059 29 1/27 /92 17:00 0.042 44 1.15 0 .131 0.048 41 3/22/93 23:00 0.037 45 1.12 0 .111 0.023 50 2/17/94 18:00 0.031 46 1.10 0.091 0.067 20 2/19/95 18:00 0.031 47 1. 08 0.071 0.136 4 2/08/96 10:00 0. 02 9 48 1. 05 0.051 0.092 13 1/02/97 6:00 D. 027 49 1. 03 0.031 0.052 39 10/04/97 15:00 0.023 50 1. 01 D. 011 Computed Peaks 0.200 100.00 0.990 Computed Peaks 0.176 SO.DO 0.980 Computed Peaks 0.152 25.00 0.960 Computed Peaks 0.121 10.00 0.900 Computed Peaks 0 .115 8.00 0.875 Computed Peaks 0.098 5.00 0.800 Computed Peaks 0.066 2.00 0.500 Computed Peaks 0.046 1. 30 0.231 Flow Frequency Analysis LogPearson III Coefficients Time Series File:c-310.tsf Mean= -0.648 StdDev~ 0.233 Project Location:Sea-Tac Skew~ -0.139 ---Annual Peak Flow Rates--------Flow Frequency Analysis------- Flow Rate Rank Time of Peak --Peaks Rank Return Prob (CFS) (CFS) Period 0 .276 16 2/16/49 22:00 0. 627 1 8 9. 50 0.989 0.539 5 3/03/50 16: 00 0. 592 2 32.13 0. 969 0.592 2 2/09/51 18:00 0.561 3 19.58 0.949 0.186 32 1/30/52 9:00 0. 54 9 4 14. 08 0. 929 0 .143 42 1/18/53 19:00 0.539 5 10.99 0.909 0.208 28 1/06/54 5:00 0.456 6 9.01 0.889 0.368 9 2/07/55 21: OD 0.440 7 7.64 0.869 0.313 13 12/20/55 17:00 0. 396 8 6.63 0.849 0.244 21 12/09/56 15:00 0.368 9 5.86 0.829 0.259 20 1/16/58 20:00 0.368 10 5.24 0.809 0.212 24 1/24/59 2:00 0.364 11 4.75 0.789 0 .396 8 11/20/59 21:00 0.317 12 4.34 0.769 0 .215 23 2/24/61 15:00 D. 313 13 3.99 0.749 0.129 44 1/03/62 2:00 0.306 14 3.70 0. 729 B-74 SE 14¢1' Street-June 2007 0.171 36 11/25/62 15:00 0.285 15 3.44 0.709 0.212 25 1/01/64 18:00 0. 27 6 16 3 .22 0.690 0.150 40 11/30/64 12:00 0.273 17 3.03 0. 670 0.163 38 1/06/66 3:00 0.273 18 2.85 0.650 0.364 11 1/19/67 14:00 0.265 19 2.70 0.630 0.216 22 2/03/68 23:00 0. 259 20 2.56 0. 610 0. 211 27 12/03/68 17:00 0.244 21 2. 44 0.590 0.179 34 1/13/70 23:00 0.216 22 2.32 0.570 0.145 41 12/06/70 8:00 0. 215 23 2.22 0.550 0.440 7 2/28/72 3:00 0.212 24 2 .13 0.530 0.195 30 1/13/73 5:00 0. 212 25 2. 04 0.510 0.212 26 1/15/74 2:00 0.212 26 1. 96 0. 4 90 0. 317 12 12/26/74 23:00 0. 211 27 1. 8 9 0.470 0.196 29 12/03/75 17:00 0.208 28 1. 82 0.450 0. 022 50 3/24/77 20:00 0 .196 29 1.75 0.430 0.169 37 12/10/77 17:00 0 .195 30 1. 70 0.410 0.102 46 2/12/79 8:00 0 .190 31 1. 64 0.390 0.273 18 12/15/79 8:00 0.186 32 1. 59 0.370 0.151 39 12/26/80 4:00 0.183 33 1. 54 0.350 0.273 17 10/06/81 15:00 0 .179 34 1. 49 0.330 0. 2 65 19 1/05/83 8:00 0.177 35 1. 45 0.310 0 .177 35 1/24/84 11: 00 0 .171 36 1. 41 0. 2 91 0.085 48 2/11/85 6:00 0.169 37 1. 37 0. 271 0.456 6 1/18/86 21 :00 0.163 38 1. 33 0.251 0.368 10 11/24/86 4:00 0.151 39 1. 30 0.231 0.139 43 1/14/88 12:00 0.150 40 1. 27 0. 211 0.088 47 4/05/89 16: 00 0.145 41 1. 24 0 .191 0. 627 1 1/09/90 9:00 0 .143 42 1. 21 0 .171 0.549 4 4/05/91 2:00 0.139 43 1.18 0.151 0.183 33 1/27/92 17:00 0.129 44 1.15 0.131 0 .190 31 3/23/93 0:00 0.107 45 1. 12 0 .111 0.053 49 3/03/94 4: 00 0.102 46 1. 10 0.091 0.285 15 2/19/95 20:00 0.088 47 1. 08 0.071 0.561 3 2/09/96 1: 00 0.085 48 1. 05 0.051 0. 30 6 14 1/02/97 9:00 0.053 49 1. 03 0.031 0.107 45 1/07/98 10:00 0.022 50 1. 01 0. 011 Computed Peaks 0.743 100.00 0.990 Computed Peaks 0.651 50.00 0.980 Computed Peaks 0.561 25.00 0.960 Computed Peaks 0.444 10.00 0.900 Computed Peaks 0.420 8.00 0.875 Computed Peaks 0.355 5.00 0.800 Computed Peaks 0.228 2.00 0.500 Computed Peaks 0.151 1. 30 0.231 Flow Frequency Analysis LogPearson III Coefficients Time Series File:c-320.tsf Mean= -0.597 StdDev~ 0.226 Project Location:Sea-Tac Skew~ -0.141 ---Annual Peak Flow Rates--------Flow Frequency Analysis------- Flow Rate Rank Time of Peak --Peaks Rank Return Prob (CFS) (CFS) Period 0.312 16 2/16/49 22:00 0. 692 1 8 9. 50 0.989 0.636 2 3/03/50 16:00 0.636 2 32 .13 0. 969 0. 621 3 2/09/51 18:00 0. 621 3 19.58 0.949 0.207 33 1/30/52 8:00 0.595 4 14.08 0. 92 9 0.161 42 1/18/53 19:00 0. 58 6 5 10.99 0.909 0.223 29 1/22/54 20:00 0. 4 95 6 9.01 0.889 0. 392 11 2/07/55 21:00 0.485 7 7. 64 0.869 0.354 14 12/20/55 17:00 0.434 8 6.63 0. 84 9 B-75 SE 14.t' Street-June 2007 0.284 20 12/09/56 14:00 0. 411 9 5.86 0.829 0.275 21 1/16/58 20:00 0.408 10 5.24 0.809 0.227 28 1/24/59 2:00 0. 392 11 4.75 0.789 0.434 8 11/20/59 21: 00 0.375 12 4.34 0.769 0. 227 26 2/24/61 15:00 0.356 13 3.99 0.749 0 .142 44 1/02/62 22:00 0.354 14 3.70 0. 729 0.192 36 11/25/62 14:00 0.339 15 3.44 0.709 0.234 25 1/01/64 14: 00 0.312 16 3.22 0.690 0.167 41 11/30/64 22:00 0.301 17 3.03 0.670 0 .191 37 1/05/66 16:00 0.295 18 2.85 0.650 0.408 10 1/19/67 14: 00 0.293 19 2.70 0.630 0.239 22 2/03/68 22:00 0.284 20 2.56 0.610 0.237 23 12/03/68 17:00 0.275 21 2.44 0.590 0. 212 32 1/13/70 23:00 0.239 22 2.32 0.570 0.183 39 12/06/70 8:00 0.237 23 2.22 0.550 0. 4 95 6 2/28/72 3:00 0.235 24 2.13 0.530 0 .215 30 1/13/73 5:00 0.234 25 2.04 0.510 0.235 24 1/15/74 2: 00 0.227 26 1. 96 0.490 0.375 12 12/26/74 23:00 0. 227 27 1. 89 0.470 0.227 27 12/02/75 20:00 0.227 28 1. 82 0.450 0.047 50 3/24/77 19:00 0.223 29 1. 7 5 0.430 0.201 35 12/10/77 17: 00 0.215 30 1.70 0.410 0 .114 46 2/12/79 7: 00 0.215 31 1. 64 0.390 0.295 18 12/15/79 8:00 0.212 32 1.59 0.370 0.180 40 12/26/80 0:00 0.207 33 1. 54 0.350 0.356 13 10/06/81 15:00 0.207 34 1.49 0.330 0. 2 93 19 1/05/83 8:00 0.201 35 1. 45 0.310 0.190 38 1/24/84 11: 00 0 .192 36 1. 41 0.291 0.095 48 2/11/85 5:00 0. 191 37 1. 37 0. 271 0.485 7 1/18/86 20:00 0 .190 38 1. 33 0.251 0. 411 9 11/24/86 4:00 0.183 39 1. 30 0.231 0.161 43 1/14/88 12:00 0.180 40 1.27 0. 211 0.098 47 4/05/89 16:00 0 .167 41 1. 24 0 .191 0. 692 1 1/09/90 9:00 0 .161 42 1. 21 0.171 0.586 5 4/05/91 2:00 0 .161 43 1.18 0.151 0 .215 31 1/27/92 17:00 0.142 44 1.15 0.131 0.207 34 3/22/93 23:00 0.132 45 1.12 0 .111 0.063 49 2/17/94 18:00 0 .114 46 1. 10 0.091 0.301 17 2/19/95 18:00 0.098 47 1. 08 0. 071 0.595 4 2/09/96 1: 00 0.095 48 1. 05 0.051 0.339 15 1/02/97 9:00 0. 063 49 1. 03 0.031 0.132 45 10/30/97 7: 00 0.047 50 1. 01 0. 011 Computed Peaks 0.806 100.00 0.990 Computed Peaks 0.709 50.00 0.980 Computed Peaks 0.614 25.00 0. 960 Computed Peaks 0.489 10.00 0.900 Computed Peaks 0.463 8. 00 0.875 Computed Peaks 0.394 5.00 0.800 Computed Peaks 0.256 2.00 0.500 Computed Peaks 0 .171 1. 30 0.231 Flow Frequency Analysis LogPearson III Coefficients Time Series File:c-330.tsf Mean= -0.930 StdDev~ 0.187 Project Location:Sea-Tac Skew= 0.198 ---Annual Peak Flow Rates--------Flow Frequency Analysis------- Flow Rate Rank Time of Peak --Peaks Rank Return Prob (CFS) (CFS) Period 0.139 17 2/16/49 21:00 0.307 1 8 9. so 0.989 0.307 2 3/03/50 16:00 0.307 2 32.13 0. 969 B-76 SE 144'h Street-June 2007 o. 193 7 2/09/51 14:00 0. 2 65 3 19.58 0.949 0. 0 97 38 1/30/52 8:00 0.222 4 14. 08 0.929 0.078 43 3/24/53 15:00 0.218 5 10.99 0.909 0 .112 20 12/19/53 19: 00 0.208 6 9.01 0.889 0.144 16 2/07/55 17:00 o .193 7 7.64 0.869 0. 14 9 15 12/20/55 17:00 0 .190 8 6.63 0.849 0 .152 14 12/09/56 14:00 0.182 9 5.86 0.829 0.107 26 1/16/58 16:00 0 .167 10 5.24 0.809 0.087 41 1/23/59 23:00 0.166 11 4.75 0.789 0. 162 12 11/20/59 21:00 0 .162 12 4.34 0. 7 69 0.103 34 2/14/61 21: 00 0.158 13 3.99 0.749 0.068 45 11/22/61 2:00 0.152 14 3.70 0. 729 0.107 27 12/15/62 2:00 0.149 15 3.44 0.709 0 .111 23 12/31/63 23:00 0.144 16 3.22 0.690 0.087 40 12/21/64 4:00 0.139 17 3.03 o. 670 0.103 35 1/05/66 16:00 0.137 18 2.85 0.650 0.166 11 1/19/67 14:00 o .116 19 2.70 0.630 0 .116 19 8/24/68 16:00 0 .112 20 2.56 0.610 0.103 36 12/03/68 16: 00 0 .112 21 2.44 0.590 0.104 33 1/13/70 23:00 0 .112 22 2. 32 0.570 0.105 32 12/06/70 8:00 0 .111 23 2.22 0.550 0.208 6 2/27 /72 7:00 0.109 24 2.13 0.530 0.092 39 1/13/73 2:00 0.108 25 2.04 0.510 0.106 29 11/28/73 9:00 0.107 26 1. 96 0. 4 90 0.182 9 12/26/74 23:00 0.107 27 1. 8 9 0.470 0.106 30 12/02/75 20:00 0.106 28 1. 82 0.450 0.061 47 8/26/77 2:00 0.106 29 1. 75 0.430 0.106 28 9/22/78 19:00 0.106 30 1. 70 0.410 0.065 46 9/08/79 15:00 0.106 31 1. 64 0.390 0.137 18 12/14/79 21:00 0.105 32 1. 59 0.370 0.108 25 11/21/80 11: 00 0.104 33 1. 54 0.350 0.218 5 10/06/81 15:00 0.103 34 1. 49 0.330 0 .112 21 1/05/83 8:00 0.103 35 1. 45 0.310 0.109 24 1/03/84 1:00 0.103 36 1. 41 0.291 0.058 48 2/11/85 3:00 0.102 37 1. 37 0.271 o. 190 8 1/18/86 16: 00 0.097 38 1. 33 0.251 0 .167 10 11/24/86 3:00 0.092 39 1. 30 0.231 0.073 44 1/14/88 12:00 0.087 40 1. 27 0. 211 0.056 49 11/05/88 14:00 0.087 41 1. 24 0.191 0.307 1 1/09/90 6:00 0.078 42 1. 21 0 .171 0. 2 65 3 11/24/90 8: 00 0.078 43 1. 18 0.151 0.102 37 1/27 /92 17:00 0.073 44 1. 15 0.131 0.078 42 3/22/93 22:00 0.068 45 1. 12 0 .111 0.043 50 11/30/93 22:00 0.065 46 1.10 0. 091 0.106 31 2/19/95 17:00 0.061 47 1. 08 0.071 0.222 4 2/08/96 10:00 0.058 48 1. 05 0.051 0.158 13 1/02/97 6:00 0.056 49 1. 03 0.031 0 .112 22 10/04/97 15:00 0.043 50 1. 01 0. 011 Computed Peaks 0.341 100.00 0.990 Computed Peaks 0. 2 98 50.00 0.980 Computed Peaks 0.257 25.00 0. 960 Computed Peaks 0.206 10.00 0.900 Computed Peaks 0 .196 8.00 0.875 Computed Peaks 0 .168 5.00 0.800 Computed Peaks 0 .116 2.00 0.500 Computed Peaks 0.084 1. 30 0.231 Flow Frequency Analysis LogPearson III Coefficients Time Series File:cb4a.tsf Mean= 0.641 StdDev~ 0.148 Project Location:Sea-Tac Skew= 0. 477 B-77 SE 144"' Street-June 2007 ---Annual Peak Flow Rates--------Flow Frequency Analysis------- Flow Rate Rank Time of Peak -Peaks Rank Return Prob (CFS) (CFS) Period 4.78 21 2/16/49 21:00 10.01 1 89.50 0. 98 9 9.85 2 3/03/50 16:00 9.85 2 32 .13 0. 969 5. 62 9 2/09/51 2:00 8.83 3 19.58 0.949 3.39 39 1/30/52 8:00 8.04 4 14.08 0. 92 9 3.11 44 3/24/53 15:00 6.85 5 10.99 0. 909 4.19 24 12/19/53 19:00 6. 7 6 6 9.01 0.889 4. 71 22 2/07/55 17:00 6.21 7 7.64 0.869 4. 82 20 12/20/55 17:00 6.01 8 6.63 0. 84 9 5.41 12 12/09/56 14:00 5. 62 9 5.86 0. 82 9 4. 19 25 12/25/57 16: 00 5.52 10 5.24 0.809 3.16 43 1/26/59 20:00 5. 4 9 11 4.75 0.789 4.92 18 11/20/59 21: DO 5. 41 12 4.34 0. 7 69 3.78 34 2/14/61 21: 00 5.37 13 3.99 0.749 3.20 42 11/22/61 2:00 5.35 14 3.70 0.729 3.90 29 12 /15/ 62 2:00 5 .16 15 3.44 0.709 4.13 26 12/31/63 23:00 4. 98 16 3.22 0.690 3.49 37 12/21/64 4:00 4. 92 17 3.03 0. 670 3.79 33 1/05/66 16: 00 4. 92 18 2.85 0.650 5. 4 9 11 11/13/66 19: OD 4.84 19 2. 70 0.630 5.35 14 8/24/68 16: DO 4.82 20 2.56 0.610 3.62 36 12/03/68 16: 00 4.78 21 2.44 0.590 3.85 32 1/13/70 22:00 4. 71 22 2.32 0.570 3.87 30 12/06/70 8:00 4.23 23 2.22 0.550 6.85 5 2/27 /72 7:00 4.19 24 2.13 0.530 3.34 41 1/13/73 2:00 4.19 25 2.04 0.510 4 .11 27 11/28/73 9:00 4 .13 26 1. 96 0. 4 90 6.21 7 12/26/74 23:00 4 .11 27 1. 89 0.470 3.70 35 12/02/75 20:00 4. 07 28 1. 82 0.450 3.05 45 8/26/77 2:00 3.90 29 1. 75 0.430 4. 92 17 9/22/78 19:00 3.87 30 1. 70 0.410 3.38 40 9/08/79 15:00 3. 8 6 31 1. 64 0.390 5. 16 15 12/14/79 21:00 3.85 32 1. 59 0.370 4.84 19 11/21/80 11: 00 3.79 33 1. 54 0.350 8.04 4 10/06/81 15:00 3.78 34 1. 49 0.330 4.23 23 10/28/82 16: 00 3.70 35 1. 45 0.310 4.07 28 1/03/84 1: 00 3. 62 36 1. 41 0.291 2.75 46 6/06/85 22:00 3.49 37 1. 37 0.271 6.01 8 1/18/86 16:00 3.48 38 1. 33 0.251 5.52 10 11/24/86 3:00 3.39 39 1. 30 0.231 2.57 48 1/14/88 12:00 3. 38 40 1.27 0. 211 2.63 47 11/05/88 14:00 3.34 41 1. 24 0.191 10.01 1 1/09/90 6:00 3.20 42 1. 21 0 .171 8.83 3 11/24/90 8: 00 3.16 43 1.18 0.151 3. 8 6 31 1/27/92 15:00 3.11 44 1.15 0.131 2.55 49 3/22/93 22:00 3.05 45 1.12 0 .111 2.19 50 11/30/93 22: 00 2.75 46 1.10 0.091 3.48 38 11/30/94 4:00 2.63 47 1. 08 0.071 6.76 6 2/08/96 10:00 2.57 48 1. 05 0.051 5.37 13 1/02/97 6:00 2.55 49 1. 03 0.031 4.98 16 10/04/97 15:00 2.19 50 1. 01 0. 011 Computed Peaks 10.86 100.00 0.990 Computed Peaks 9.57 SO.OD 0.980 Computed Peaks 8. 3 6 25.00 0. 960 Computed Peaks 6.86 10.00 0.900 Computed Peaks 6.57 8.00 0.875 Computed Peaks 5. 7 6 5.00 0.800 B-78 SE 14-t' Street-June 2007 Computed Peaks 4.25 2.00 0.500 Computed Pea:-::s 3.35 1. 30 0.231 Flow Frequency Analysis LogPearson III Coefficients Time Series File:cbl8a.tsf Mean= 1. 006 StdDev~ 0.144 Project Location:Sea-Tac Skew= 0.500 ---Annual Peak Flow Rates--------Flow Frequency Analysis------- Flow Rate Rank Time of Peak --Peaks Rank Return Prob (CFS) (CFS) Period 11.14 18 2/16/49 21:00 22.43 1 89.50 0.989 21. 83 2 3/03/50 16:00 21.83 2 32.13 0. 969 14.72 7 2/09/51 15:00 19.81 3 19.58 0.949 8.02 38 1/30/52 8: 00 18.28 4 14.08 0. 929 7.15 45 3/24/53 15:00 16.05 5 10.99 0.909 9.63 23 12/19/53 19:00 15.54 6 9.01 0.889 11. 00 19 2/07/55 17:00 14. 72 7 7.64 0.869 11.33 17 12/20/55 17:00 14.05 8 6.63 0.849 12.33 14 12/09/56 14:00 13.90 9 5.86 0.829 9.52 25 12/25/57 16: 00 13.36 10 5.24 0.809 7.42 42 1/26/59 20:00 12.80 11 4.75 0.789 12. 72 12 11/20/59 21:00 12.72 12 4.34 0.769 8. 7 6 34 2/14/61 21:00 12.37 13 3.99 0.749 7.24 43 11/22/61 2:00 12.33 14 3.70 0. 729 8.93 30 12/15/62 2:00 11. 96 15 3.44 0.709 9. 51 26 12/31/63 23:00 11. 67 16 3.22 0.690 8.01 39 12/21/64 4:00 11. 33 17 3.03 0.670 8.86 32 1/05/66 16: 00 11.14 18 2.85 0.650 12.37 13 1/19/67 14:00 11. 00 19 2.70 0.630 11. 96 15 8/24/68 16: 00 10.83 20 2.56 0.610 8.55 36 12/03/68 16: 00 10.75 21 2.44 0.590 8. 8 9 31 1/13/70 22:00 10.65 22 2.32 0.570 9.00 29 12/06/70 8:00 9.63 23 2.22 0.550 15.54 6 2/27 /72 7:00 9.57 24 2 .13 0.530 7.85 41 1/13/73 2:00 9.52 25 2.04 0.510 9.13 28 11/28/73 9:00 9.51 26 1. 96 0. 4 90 14.05 8 12/26/74 23:00 9.24 27 1. 89 0.470 8.70 35 12/02/75 20:00 9.13 28 1. 82 0.450 7.23 44 8/26/77 2:00 9.00 29 1. 7 5 0.430 10.83 20 9/22/78 19:00 8.93 30 1. 70 0.410 7.86 40 9/08/79 15:00 8. 8 9 31 1. 64 0.390 11. 67 16 12/14/79 21:00 8. 8 6 32 1. 59 0.370 10.65 22 11/21/80 11 :00 8.84 33 1. 54 0.350 18.28 4 10/06/81 15:00 8.76 34 1. 49 0.330 9.57 24 10/28/82 16:00 8.70 35 1. 45 0.310 9.24 27 1/03/84 1:00 8.55 36 1. 41 0.291 6.55 46 6/06/85 22:00 8.31 37 1. 37 0.271 13.90 9 1/18/86 16:00 8. 02 38 1. 33 0.251 13.36 10 11/24/86 4: 00 8. 01 39 1. 30 0.231 6.18 48 1/14/88 12:00 7.86 40 1. 27 0. 211 6.12 49 11/05/88 14: 00 7. 85 41 1. 24 0 .191 22. 43 1 1/09/90 6:00 7.42 42 1. 21 0.171 19.81 3 11/24/90 8:00 7.24 43 1. 18 0.151 8.84 33 1/27 /92 15:00 7.23 44 1.15 0.131 6.20 47 3/22/93 22:00 7.15 45 1.12 0 .111 5.26 50 11/30/93 22:00 6.55 46 1. 10 0. 091 8.31 37 12/27/94 1: 00 6.20 47 1. 08 0. 071 16.05 5 2/08/96 10:00 6.18 48 1. 05 0.051 12.80 11 1/02/97 6: 00 6.12 49 1. 03 0.031 10.75 21 10/04/97 15:00 5.26 50 1. 01 0. 011 B-79 SE 14.f" Street-June 2007 Computed Peaks 24.66 100.00 0.990 Computed Peaks 21.78 50.00 0.980 Computed Peaks 19.08 25.00 0. 960 Computed Peaks 15.70 10.00 0.900 Computed Peaks 15.05 8.00 0.875 Computed Peaks 13.24 5.00 0.800 Computed Peaks 9.86 2.00 0.500 Co:nputed Peaks 7. 83 1. 30 0.231 B-80 SE J 4.{h Street-June 2007 Table C.1. XP-Storm Conveyance Reach Descriptions Upstream Upstream Invert Downstream Link Node Downstream Elevation Invert Diameter Name Name Node Name Length ft Roughness ft Elevation ft Shape (Height) ft P01 CB1 DS 200.00 0.02 355.41 335.00 Circular 2.00 P02 CB2 CB1 200.00 0.02 359.42 357.41 Circular 2.00 P04 CB3 CB2 220.00 0.02 361.55 359.52 Circular 2.00 P06 CB4 CB3 210.00 0.02 363.83 361.60 Circular 2.00 P10 CBS CB4 42.00 0.02 363.88 363.98 Circular 2.00 P12 CB6 CBS 44.00 0.02 364.11 364.13 Circular 2.00 P14 CB7 CB6 150.30 0.02 364.93 364.31 Circular 1.50 P16 CB8 CB7 169.30 0.02 365.45 364.99 Circular 1.50 P19 CB9A CB9 50.00 O.Qt 366.73 366.33 Circular 1.00 P18 CB9 CB8 168.30 0.02 365.93 365.50 Circular 1.50 P20 CB10 CB9 182.40 0.02 366.45 365.98 Circular 1.50 P21 CB10A CB10 39.00 0.02 367.11 366.92 Circular 1.00 P22 CB11 CB10 141.60 0.02 366.95 366.48 Circular 1.50 P70 CB11A CB11 34.00 0.02 367.63 367.49 Circular 1.00 MU11A CB11A CBtOA 120.00 O.Qt 370.48 370.24 Trapezoidc 0.30 MU11B CB11B CB11A 160.00 0.01 370.50 370.38 Trapezoid<: 0.40 MU11B CB11B CB11A 160.00 0.01 370.60 370.48 Trapezoid.: 0.30 P24 CB12 CB11 169.30 0.02 367.52 367.00 Circular 1.50 P26 CB13 CB12 142.40 0.02 367.85 367.52 Circular 1.50 P50 CB14A CB14 52.00 0.01 369.46 369.25 Circular 1.00 ST14A CB14A CB11B 260.00 0.01 371.39 370.70 Trapezoid.= 0.20 P28 CB14 CB13 115.00 0.02 368.15 367.92 Circular 1.50 P30 CB15 CB14 34.00 0.02 368.42 368.20 Circular 1.50 P60 CB15A CB15 52.00 0.01 369.19 368.87 Circular 1.00 OV15A CB15A CB14A 38.00 O.Qt 371.41 371.39 Trapezoidc 0.20 P54 CB14C CB14B 105.00 0.01 370.25 369.89 Circular 1.00 P64 CB15C CB15B 105.00 0.01 373.17 371.37 Circular 1.00 P66 CB15D CB15C 60.00 0.01 379.23 373.30 Circular 1.00 P32 CB16 CB15 197.40 0.02 369.15 368.52 Circular 1.50 P34 CB17 CB16 300.50 0.02 371.76 370.27 Circular 1.50 P36 CB18 CB17 118.30 0.02 372.98 372.41 Circular 1.50 P37 CB18A CB18 37.00 0.02 373.91 374.13 Circular 1.50 D1 CB18A N15A-2 10.00 0.03 375.50 375.40 Trapezoid<: 0.50 P38 CB19 CB18 198.50 0.02 374.69 373.83 Circular 1.00 P40 CB20 CB19 247.50 0.02 375.98 374.74 Circular 1.00 P42 CB21 CB20 192.20 0.02 376.95 375.98 Circular 1.00 POB CB4A CB4 190.00 0.02 366.18 364.73 Circular 1.50 P52 CB14B CB14A 28.00 0.01 369.89 369.49 Circular 1.00 P62 CB15B CB15A 142.00 0.01 371.32 369.39 Circular 1.00 P61 CB15A-1 CB15A 20.00 0.01 370.20 369.27 Circular 1.00 P61 CB15A-1 CB15A 20.00 0.01 372.03 371.31 Trapezoidc 0.30 POSA CB4B CB4A 190.00 0.02 367.26 366.18 Circular 1.50 P08B CB4C CB4B 25.00 0.02 367.63 367.26 Circular 1.50 D2 N15A-2 CB15A-1 590.00 0.03 376.00 370.20 Natural 2.00 Table C.2. XP-Storm Inflows -25-Year Peak Rates Node Name Constant Inflow ft"·3/s CB1 CB2 CB3 0.045 CB4 0.206 CB5 CB6 0.242 CB? CB8 0.198 CB9A 0.297 CB9 CB10 CB10A C811 0.126 CB11A CB11B CB12 CB13 CB14A CB14 0.200 CB15 0.588 CB15A 0.724 CB14C 0.388 CB15C CB15D CB16 CB17 CB18 CB18A CB19 CB20 CB21 CB4A CB148 CB158 DS CB15A-1 CB4B 0.204 19.080 0.157 CB4C 8.360 N15A-2 Table C.3. XP-Storm 25-Year Water Surface Elevations Ground Max Elevation Water Node (Spill Elevation Freeboard Name Name Crest) ft (ft) (ft) CB1 CB1 362.33 356.168 6.16 CB2 CB2 363.47 361.096 2.37 CB3 CB3 365.3 363.217 2.08 CB4 CB4 368.98 365.394 3.59 CB5 CBS 369.38 365.546 3.83 CB6 CB6 368.31 365.711 2.6 CB7 CB7 368.87 366.833 2.04 CB8 CB8 369.4 368.097 1.3 CB9A CB9A 369.78 369.244 0.54 CB9 CB9 370.08 369.242 0.84 CB10 CB10 370.57 370.303 0.27 CB10A CB10A 370.54 370.54 0 CB11 CB11 370.85 370.689 0.16 CB11A CB11A 370.78 370.69 0.09 CB11B CB11B 370.9 370.751 0.15 CB12 CB12 371.3 371.084 0.22 CB13 CB13 371.97 371.42 0.55 CB14A CB14A 371.59 371.59 0 CB14 CB14 372.3 371.691 0.61 CB15 CB15 372.37 371.914 0.46 CB15A CB15A 371.61 371.61 0 CB14C CB14C 373.43 371.615 1.81 CB15C CB15C 376.36 373.17 3.19 CB15D CB15D 382.03 379.23 2.8 CB16 CB16 374.35 373.612 0.74 CB17 CB17 378.16 376.102 2.06 CB18 CB18 378.63 377.195 1.44 CB18A CB18A 378.66 377.601 1.06 CB19 CB19 379.29 377.209 2.08 CB20 CB20 379.8 377.226 2.57 CB21 CB21 380.47 377.315 3.16 CB4A CB4A 373.58 368.27 5.31 CB14B CB14B 372.27 371.598 0.67 CB15B CB15B 374.02 371.611 2.41 DS DS 340 337 3 CB15A-1 CB15A-1 372.33 372.33 0 CB4B CB4B 371.36 370.179 1.18 CB4C CB4C 370.43 370.43 0 N15A-2 N15A-2 378 377.519 0.48 Table C.4. XP-Storm 25-Year Flow Rates Max Max Velocity Invert Water Max Flow (fl/s, mis) Node Elevation Elevation Link Name els fl/s Name ft ft P01 10.86 10.01 CB1 355.41 356.17 P02 10.86 3.99 CB2 359.42 361.10 P04 10.87 3.91 CB3 361.55 363.22 P06 10.90 4.12 CB4 363.83 365.39 P10 4.89 1.78 CBS 363.88 365.55 P12 4.90 1.84 CB6 364.11 365.71 P14 4.63 2.62 CB7 364.93 366.83 P16 4.63 2.60 CB8 365.45 368.10 P19 0.30 0.38 CB9A 366.73 369.24 P18 4.42 2.49 CB9 365.93 369.24 P20 4.13 2.31 CB10 366.45 370.30 P21 1.33 1.67 CB10A 367.11 370.54 P22 2.80 1.57 CB11 366.95 370.69 P70 0.12 0.15 CB11A 367.56 370.69 MU11A 2.66 1.33 CB11A 367.56 370.69 MU11B 1.96 0.82 CB11B 369.40 370.75 MU11B 0.80 0.58 CB11B 369.40 370.75 P24 2.57 1.44 CB12 367.52 371.08 P26 2.57 1.44 CB13 367.85 371.42 P50 (1.19) (1.50) CB14A 369.46 371.59 ST14A 2.76 1.57 CB14A 369.46 371.59 P28 2.57 1.44 CB14 368.15 371.69 P30 3.56 2.00 CB15 368.42 371.91 P60 (2.07) (2.60) CB15A 369.19 371.61 OV15A 1.40 0.78 CB15A 369.19 371.61 P54 0.39 0.49 CB14C 370.25 371.62 P32 5.04 2.82 CB16 369.15 373.61 P34 5.04 2.82 CB17 371.76 376.10 P36 5.04 2.82 CB18 372.93 377.20 P37 5.13 2.88 CB18A 373.91 377.60 D1 14.66 3.09 CB18A 373.91 377.60 P38 (0.37) 0.20 CB19 374.69 377.21 P40 (0.32) 0.26 CB20 374.72 377.23 P42 0.16 0.87 CB21 375.98 377.32 P08 5.73 3.35 CB4A 366.18 368.27 P52 0.39 0.49 CB14B 369.89 371.60 P61 3.78 4.78 CB15A-1 370.20 372.33 P61 2.55 5.62 CB15A-1 370.20 372.33 P08A 5.73 3.22 CB4B 367.26 370.18 P08B 5.73 3.23 CB4C 367.63 370.43 D2 14.66 8.62 N15A-2 375.00 377.52 Figure C.1. Hydraulic Profile-CB-1 to CB-4C -25-Year Peak !?OD '"" 350.0 ,_ ,.,. n,o OS 072 "'' 0:10J!> D : 2.00 ______ ,.,..,.. 121,5 -~-0 21'0.5-.... , ~y_..ct,11:;iCIMC O.,~T-Cle:00.'.IJ!Mp~ e115-761 0 ... , ''" 1H1J. _______ . : -----------=---~----~~--~ ~ -=-.! .~----______ J~-------~-------- 1 _______________ , ______ _ C"1 .,. ~-~--~ ---------- ~ CR2 D04 w POel cs. llo08 ¢1,U l'C9A i:'t~ 't 1 l'm 1.ee it~ ,,e %":U~ 2 ~ r ti CMOa<C 2.12 2.10 20G 2:t.OC .::1oco IQC.00 ttO.CO D>' Figure C.2. Hydraulic Profile-CB-4 to CB-15-25-Year Peak ,,,, "" !72C· ?!10 me .... , /\__---- ,,.. '"" ~· 2S-Y-·C8-+bC6-t! Da,~T-~:4l1Xl~l4l l_"l'gl ""' ~t C, ·~9 ,,,,_, -------- ---------~--------,~------ '"' ---- ''" --------------- ,,,. ---------~ -------~ "'' ''" ce,i. !"10 cae i-1: Cl(. ,w csr ,ie CM •u e1tt ~ ca,o ~ Cf.11 n. I MI : 4.Nt.ell -4«,t.» ::I ·~ ·.IQ o. 4C2 2.e3-0: 4C 33' ::): 4..ll U5-C ac )14 Q : 2..57 O : l.CD O :!XI O l!ill J t ,0 o '"'° O 1..!tl D 1.e!O 0 : 1$ ca 1: ~ ca,t r.e ea1•PllX8~t ue ::i: :r. 1 ~. o l !i 1~ 14- 0 : I.SI :,_ 1.!t-0 : t .~ +-Uco---44.~ ,e'°x:-•~ tee JC ·u..a t-'lt. 1tt1.20--10 ... 40 115-~ 11)<4_00., Figure C.3. Hydraulic Profile-CB-15 to CB-18A-25-Year Peak ""' '" '"" nie.Q. )e.l.J ~Y-·C8-1'tc-Cll-la-. 0,,(tl!T-Ge,0:,.(C91ef:,3Cll ,, ... 311.Q -4!7 1 "'' "" t -------------- -----------1----l --------------------·------ a1' ... ,.,. a '°' C . l!(J -----------!QUO- """ .... .... o :,.O' :.1.~ '"" .,. ~ ca1.s rn ca1&A Q '·°' ·~ Q 4 0? )°" o. 1.eo o , ,: ,.,. .r.co-- ~ rr ~ \ \ I I \ ~ \ I I \ \ ~ \ l! \ I ~-1 \ ~l~ ·e ~P ~l -~ ~~ ! I i I I ~ I 1 - ' ~ ' ~ I. I , I i I i I \ 0 . \ \ I \ \ I I I I 8" 0 i= .~ u ~; !!" 8 " ~~ B ti 0 j! ?~ e- -& ~~ i Q Ii~ ::1110 I !!" l1 ~~ ! o<> "t Appendix D. HEC-RAS Analysis of Roadway Conveyance Description of inputs: Geometry: Geometry of roadway based on Barghausen Consulting Engineers field survey from 6/07. STA Description 0+00 10' west of CB-11A 1+60 1 O'west of CB-11 B 6+60 160' east of CB-15A-1 8+10 290' west of CB-18A 1010 85' west of CB-18A Flow: Based on cumulative 100-year peak flow rate to the conveyance system predicted by KCRTS 1- hour time series minus the estimated capacity of the 18-inch pipe on the south side of SE 144th Street (5 .0 cfs). SE 144"' Street -June 2007 380 378- 376 g C: i > ti) [jj 374 372 37J ... -m u5 I 0 200 SE 144th Roadway Conveyance Plan: SE144th Roadway 6/17/2007 Geom: SE144th Flow: Roadway Q 144th 1 0 -... + CD (X) m .lll u5 en I I 400 600 800 Main Channel Distance (ft) 0 + 0 -c7j I 1000 I 1200 Legend WS Ex is Ground ROB SE 144th Roadw ay Conveyance Plan: SE 144th Roadway 6/17/2007 Geom: SE144th Flow: Roadway Q River = 144th Reach= 1 RS= 1010 Sl.8 10•10 .01 .035 393-j ' L-nd WS Exis --Ground • g " / I Bani( Sta I 380: 3791 iii 378 3771 376 ·--, ---, -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 Station (ft) SE 144th Roadway Conveyance Plan: SE144th Roadw ay 6/17/2007 Geom: SE144th Fklw: Rooaway a River = 144th Reach ; 1 RS= 810 Sta 8+10 .022 .01 .035 378.0 ~ 377.5 WS Exis ,------------1-- 377.0 Groond • g Bank Sta § ~ 376.0 iii 375.5 375-{ 374.5 --, -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 Station (ft) SE 144th Roadway Conveyance Plan: SE 144th Road way 6/17/2007 Geom: S E144th Fk)w: Roadway Q Rive r = 144th Reach = 1 RS = 660 S ta 6+60 .022 .01 375.5-I L-nd 3750-~ INS Exis 1 --374.5r-----Ground • §: 374 .0 • Bank Sta ~ ~ 373.5 iii 373.0 372.5 372.0 371 .5 I ' ,---·- -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 Station(ft) 374.5 -r-022 374.0 373.5 g 373.0 g ll 372.5 .,, w 372.0 371 .5 371.0 370.51 ·30 372.5- 372.0 371.5 e g 371.0 ii i w 370.5 370.0 369.5 369.0 -60 SE 144th Roadway Conveyance Plan: SE144th Roadway 6/17/2007 Geom: SE 144th F low: RoadwayQ Rive r = 144th Reaeh = 1 RS : 160 Sta 1+60 -----------------------.01 .022-------------->1 -20 .022 -40 -10 0 10 Stabon (ft) 20 SE 144th Roadway Conveyance Plan : SE144th Roadway 6/17/2007 Geom: SE144lh Flow: Roadway Q River= 1«1h Reach = 1 RS :. 0 Sta 0-+-00 ' 30 40 ---------------------.01 .022------>i ·20 0 Stalion (ft) -·--.,.-----.---,---, 20 -,- 40 Legend WS E<is -Ground I Ban: Ste 50 60 Legend WSE,c;s I ~ • Bank Ste HEC-RAS Plan : SE144th River: 144th Reach: 1 Profile : Exis -- Reach River Sta Profile QTotal Min Ch El W.S. Elev CritW.S. E.G. Elev E.G. Slope Vel Chnl Flow Area Top Width Froude # Chi (cfs) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft/ft) (ft/s) (sq ft) (ft) 1 1010 Exis 20.09 378.07 378.44 378.22 378.56 0.005394 2.69 7 .44 1 20.08 1.35 --->---- 1 810 Exis 20.09 376.47 376.22 376.22 376 .57 0.023460 l 4.23 6.22 0.00 1 660 Exis 20.09 373.69 373.70 373.33 373 .84 0 .006877 0.31 I 6.62 7.79 0.86 1 160 Exis 22.42 370.90 371.63 371.63 371 .77 0.002867 3.25 1 7.92 28.69 1.12 1 0 Exis 22.42 370.70 371.16 371.14 371 .27 0 .003401 3.00 ' 9.76 44.46 1.17 HEC-RAS Plan: SE144th River: 144th Reach: 1 Profile: Exis ----------V elH-ead -1 Frctn Loss -- Reach River Sta Profile E.G . Elev W.S . Elev C&ELoss Q Left a Channel QRight Top Width (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) (cfs) (cfs) (cfs) (ft) - 1 1010 Exis 378.56 378.44 0.11 1.97 0.02 0.24 4.43 15.42 20.08 1 810 Exis 376.57 376.22 0 .35 1.74 0.06 20.09 6.22 1 660 Exis 373.84 373.70 0.14 2.07 0 .00 0 .00 20.09 7.79 1 160 Exis 371.77 371.63 0.14 0.50 0.01 0.31 18.59 3.52 28.69 1 0 Exis 371 .27 371.16 0.11 0.16 15.32 6.93 44.46 -~~-~-~--~----~--~-··-------~--~----------------ft ---• ·-----~ • • • • a· • w • • ~-.. ·1111 • • • • ·a'• -. m --... -----------. ~ --. . . .. -1-.... ---.. -------· --· ----~-"--"·--~-----· . ---"' .... ---......... ----...... lll8 a N ,.J_ -·-a .... _ -.*w ..... ~.---~ --,.. .. r .. • . ---.. -------· . -..... _ ---...... ... --~ --·-----~ ---. ~. ( JIii .. -... -.. --.. -. " ... "" "" --"" -.. ---• fJI/( -.. "" --··· ...... ""I ---..... -. - • -.. -----.. -~·--.. r -... T_ -~ - • CM. -R ----·-R -W -•.• -·. ·-----~---------------..... --...... -------·-"" -. '~"--~----~---~-----~----. ----"-------~--. , _ ...... _ ,.. ... -_ ... _. -.... -... ,_ .. _ ---.. ----- -• ---~ -a --D M -• ----• R ·--------~----------. --.... "" -""'" .. -...... -.. -~ ~ iW ... it( l'iii 1'11'..· -... .. ... --.... -· ... -..... -----• -. . ----··---------------~--~~--------------"~-----~~-·---ff·--------~· ~~--~--q·-~ --------------~-~-~--u·-~-~«~-~-111/1.i ,,,.. ""' .. pi/'"'-~ 11;\ ""' ,,.. "' .... "" M! )"'4 "" i ....... )ff ........ ...,.., ... t# .. ,, ..... ,;o11 ,. .... * JOI .._ -~~~~~~w~---~~-~~ ---~--~~» .. ·----~ ~ ... ~ ,,., ~ -.... :"'! .. ""' i,,,: ·"" ~ .. ~ ~ ""'. ~ "" . .,. ""' ·r,,t ~ • i,, ... "" >s r .......... "" ~ • ,& "" Mil ""·* ........... ~ ,... .. )!Ii I« loll' 1'11 <P "!It t,t. ,er..~ .. .i,' ,i,,o. ,,. .. OIi ._ -,.. A lG< "" . .... ... -"' -'" . 'r.,i; -•• .. ... ... .. .., .. )eo'. 17 ~ .,. ~ "" ,. .. }"'.."' "" • .. .. .. ~ )<14 ·. ~~~---~~~P**~-~--» ... , "" .. -· .... ).It 't.: ),i,.; ,... '<if! ... -· ...... "" . T{' ni loOI"* .. WI Oil • • .., * ,w-. )<II!:-. ~ ~ ~la,l\o(Mlrw,·M n _. W ......... ,.._,.. •.. n•·l"l\.,._#i;,a,;.,...wl• ... wl9'!• ..,..,., ·•.''IPi "" 1'11: tot·.,. • .. n "' w .411 • -. M .. "" ·~_.u ¥ ' lit Ult "" W. ."°* ,.._. Ed McCarthy . P.E ., P.S. 995 7 171 "'1 Aven ue SE Ren t on. WA 98059 Tel 1425) 27 1-5734 Fax (425) 271-3432 HYDROLOGY a HYDRAULICS • ENGINEERING ED MCCARTHY, P.E., PS Hydrology• Hydraulics• Engineerinq March 3, 2008 Mr. Bruce Whittaker King County DOES 900 Oakesdale Avenue SW Renton, WA 98055 Re: Liberty Gardens, Cavalla Development, and Threadgill Plat Recommended Stormwater Mitigations Dear Mr. Whittaker; 9951 171 Avenue SE Henton. WA 98059 (425) 271-5734 FAX (425) 271-3432 As you are aware, the proposed developments of Liberty Gardens, Cavalla, and a portion of the Threadgill Plat all drain to the conveyance system along SE 144•h Street (Figure 1). The results of the hydraulic assessment I prepared for the downstream conveyance system (June 15, 2007) predicted flooding along the north side of SE 144•h Street and at the intersection of l 60'h Avenue SE. There has also been residential flooding at SE 142nd Place, which is adjacent and tributary to the downstream system of the proposed developments. After consideration of the basin and downstream conditions, I offer the stormwater mitigations described below for the proposed plats to address existing flooding problems along SE 144th Street and at the end of SE 142nd Place. Onsite Stormwater Mitigation Conservation flow control standards are required for the proposed Liberty Gardens, Cavalla, and Threadgill developments (King County Department of Natural Resources, January 2005). The hydraulic analysis I prepared (June 15, 2007) indicates that the 18-inch diameter pipe along the south side of SE 144th Street has a capacity of 4 to 6 cubic feet per second. Flows with return periods of 2 to 5 years likely surcharge the 18-inch diameter pipe system. The roadway and ditch system along the north side of SE 144th Street convey the major portion of higher flows. A HEC- RAS analysis of the roadway conveyance system (Ed McCarthy, PE, PS, June 2007) for the I 00- year peak rate indicates that the ditch system between 162nd Avenue SE and 160th Avenue SE has adequate capacity to convey the 100-year peak rate. However, driveway culverts along this reach as well as the culverts at the intersections of 1601h Ave SE and 161 '1 Ave SE would be overtopped. The driveways along the north side of SE 144th Street generally rise above the street as they approach the residence they access. Representative driveways along the north side of SE 144th Street that would be flooded with higher flows are illustrated in Photos I and 2 of Attachment A. As the photographs suggest, the driveway would easily be discemable under a situation where flood flows inundate the northerly ditch and driveway culverts. The presence of flooding driveway culverts would not create unreasonable difficulties for emergency access to the residences. G=;'\ ·, cc:: ir" \;; : \ '_) < l__:--_J \.:.> 1_ --~ - I ;-, I ·• '1 1 .... -1 1· 1 ·Jon, ·-l.l,<~ ll . J ,_ ,uc Mr. Bruce Whittaker Page 2 March 3, 2008 Based on the HEC-RAS hydraulic model used to assess the conveyance system along SE 144"' Street, increasing the flow rate by 0.5 cubic foot per second, or more, would increase the flood stage above one or more of the downstream driveway culverts by more than V. inch (Attachment B). An increase of more than 0.5 cubic foot per second would occur for the JOO-year peak flow rate if Flow Conservation Standards were adopted for the proposed projects. As such, this would constitute aggravating an existing severe flooding problem (King County Surface Water Design Manual, p. 1-25). On the other hand, adopting Level 3 flow control would mitigate the impacts of the projects on this downstream flooding area. The predicted JOO-year stage in the downstream flood flow path would not be increased. In light of the downstream conditions, providing Level 3 detention standards is an appropriate stormwater mitigation for each of the proposed developments. For the Threadgill Plat, this reconunended higher level of flow control would apply only towards the western portion of the site draining to SE 1441h Street. This mitigation would satisfy Core Requirement #3 of the Surface Water Design Manual (Table 1.2.3.A on page 1-29). I conducted KCRTS simulations for the Cavalla and Liberty Gardens plats to estimate the stormwater detention volumes that would be required to meet Level 3 flow control standards (Attachment C). For Cavalla, I estimated a required storage volume of 132,300 cubic feet. For Liberty Gardens, I estimated a required storage volume of 114,600 cubic feet. These estimated volumes do not include a factor of safety which would increase the required volumes, nor do they account for the effects of required flow control BMPs, which would reduce the required storage volume (King County Department of Natural Resources, January 2005). Extension of 162°d Avenue SE As part of the proposed plats, 162°d Avenue SE will be extended from SE 144 th Street to SE 136th Street. Like the proposed plats, the proposed roadway will provided stormwater flow control and water quality treatment. Using the same rational as for the proposed plats, Level 3 flow control and basic water quality treatment would be an appropriate mitigation in managing stormwater from the proposed roadway. The proposed extension of 162°d Avenue SE offers an opportunity to improve drainage conditions for residents at SE 142°d Place. I understand that an open channel along the west side of the 162°d Avenue SE right-of-way (Figure 2) will be tightlined under proposed developed conditions. The design of the tightline should be extended far enough upstream such that it effectively collects drainage that flows along the east boundary of the Gragg property located at 16046 SE 142°d Place. Both the proposed tightline and stormwater control system for 162°d Avenue SE should have an overflow outlet that maintains the flow route along the north side of SE 144th Street that is predicted to occur with higher flows. Proposed Solutions to Drainage Problems at SE 142°d Place In previous corre':/,'ondence to you, I was supportive of the idea of extending the stormwater pipe system along 160 A venue SE in effort to direct flows from the drainage course directly north of SE 142°d Place to the existing 12-inch diameter culvert system along 160"' Avenue SE and subsequently to the storm conveyance pipe along SE 144"' Street. This modification to the storm Mr. Bruce Whittaker Page3 March 3, 2008 system would be intended to relieve some of the flows from the flooding problem at residences along SE l 42"d Place. After assessing this proposal in additional detail, I am no longer supportive of it. I believe that adding flows to the pipe system along the lower segment of l 60'h Avenue SE could create a flooding problem for the residence at the bottom of the hill. With higher flow rates, a backwater would develop in the flat reach of pipe at the bottom of 160 1 h Avenue SE and surcharge an inlet pipe adjacent to the residence, increasing the risk of flooding of the adjacent residential property and structure. I believe that the most effective way to relieve the drainage problem that now occurs at properties at the end of SE 142nd Place would be to tightline the channel that now traverses the east property boundaries of lots located at the end of SE 142"d Place (Figure 2). This modification to the drainage system could be included in the plans for the proposed extension of l 62"d Avenue SE. Managing runoff in this manner will resolve a drainage problem that has been bothersome for several years for at least three residents at SE l 42"d Place. Gragg Property The Gragg property, located at 16046 SE 142"d Place, has an additional concern that could be resolved with the proposed extension and improvements along l 62"d Avenue SE. The onsite sewage disposal system on the Gragg property has been adversely affected by groundwater seepage from the channel along the north property boundary. As development in the upstream basin has increased runoff volumes to the channel, the onsite sewage system has at times failed. The design of the sanitary sewer along 162nd Avenue SE should include a stub out connection for the Gragg parcels to correct this ongoing problem. Please note that the applicants for the proposed plats willingly offer the mitigations that would benefit the property owners along SE 142"d Place provided that the mitigations can be designed and implemented without incurring unreasonable delays that may be confronted in acquiring construction easements, permits, or other construction-related authorizations. Mr. Bruce Whittaker Page4 March 3, 2008 If you have any questions regarding my assessment or recommendations, please contact me at (425) 271-5734. Sincerely, tJward D· ft/cC11rt', Edward McCarthy, Ph.D. P.E. Mr. Bruce Whittaker Page 5 March 3, 2008 References Ed McCarthy, PE, PS. June 16, 2007. SE 1441h Street-Level 3 Downstream Drainage Analysis. Renton, Wash. King County Department of Natural Resources, January 2005. King County Surface Water Design Manual. Seattle. I ~ ) / \ I \ \ \}, ' \ \ r "--f~/~ '\ \ I I_) \ \ \__) ,,,_J Vicinity Map Liberty Gardens, Cavalla, Stormwater and Threadgill Mitigations King County, Washington w Cl) a> > <( 1 I _), SE 128th St J "- ~ SE 144th St _) 0 2,000 _____ Feet \_ -- ) ?. \ J \ \ \ ) t~ \ , Ed McCarthy, PE, PS 3/3/08 9957 171 st Averue SE \ --- Renton. Washington 98059 Phone (4 25) 271-5734 Figure 1 Fax: (425) 271-3432 Legend D R/D / /,/./i /, / ,/1 Flood Flow Path 0 0 Station ' L Type 2 CB Type 1 CB 12-18" Pipe/Culvert 24" Pipe/Culvert Photo ID See Attachment A - ' Downstream Map Liberty Gardens, Cavalla, Stormwater and Threadgill Mitigations King County, Washington -1'. : ' "- I J w: -. ' (JY. I~ :SI 0 1 <.0, .... r ro > ro I 0 I I I I ~------.. ' \ \ \ \ I l I I I I I I ' I I ·, I '· I '· I ' I ·,. I ' w ,I ·.p I Qh j ~ "' "O C: N <.O (/) C Q) "2 ro ('.) ~ Q) .0 :.J \ ~ rain~ge problems ~r·-· --_ .. --- t Ching, Gragg , and _-_____ .,.._-- Gammel properties ---i:s;·-8] . --·------i -E. 14 ----,. . r f fJ S 2iidJs () 0 ~ 'I G~-og Ga , rnrne, i Channel to b~ t1ghtlined '---;~ --________ r i / / / / / CB-7 CB-18 ciHj/J 11 Jt 11 l 0200 Ed McCarthy, PE, PS 99 57 17 1s1Avenue SE Renton . WasllinglOO 98059 3/3/08 .___ ____ _, Feet Phone: (425) 271 -5734 Figure 2 Fa,.· (425) 271 -3432 Attachment A. Photographs of Downstream Flood Flow Path along SE 144'" Street Attachment A: Photos of the Downstream System "' Photo Numbe r 1 "' Photo Number 2 Date of Photo: 1-02-08 Date of Photo: 1-02-08 Location: 16114 SE 144th Street, looking north from S E 1441h Street (Fi1:rnre 2) Description: Gravel driveway , 12-inc h diameter driveway Location: 16106 S E 144m Street, looking north from S E 144th Street (Figure 2) Description: A sphalt driveway, 12-inch diameter culvert. driveway culvert. e Downstream system T Photo Number 3 T Photo Number 4 Date of Photo: 1-02-08 Date of Photo: 1-02-08 Location: Intersection of 161st Ave SE and SE 144m Street, looking north from SE 1441h Street (Figure 2) Location: Roadside ditch along north side of SE 1441n Street, looking west (Figure 2) Description: A 12-inch diameter culvert conveys flow under 161 s' Ave SE. Description: The ditch is primarily grass-lined with 12-inch culvert crossings at driveways and road intersections. e Downstream :;ystem T Photo Number 5 T Photo N umber 6 Date of Photo: 1-02-08 Date of Photo: 1-02-08 Location: Roadside ditch along north s ide of SE 144tn Location: Intersection of 160th Ave SE and SE 1441" Street, looking west (Fiirure 2 ) Description: The ditch is primarily grass-lined with 12-inch culvert crossings at driveways and road intersections. Street, looking southwest (Figure 2) Description: Recent improvements to the drainage system by KC Roads Division are evident in this ohoto. Attachment B. HEC-RAS Analysis of Roadway Conveyance Description of inputs: Geometry: Geometry of roadway based on Barghausen Consulting Engineers field survey from June 2007. STA Descriotion 0+00 10' west ofCB-l IA 1+60 lO'west of CB-1 lB 6+60 160' east ofCB-15A-l 8+10 290' west ofCB-l8A 10+10 85' west ofCB-18A See Figure 2 for approximate locations of stations. Flow: Exis -Based on cumulative I 00-year peak flow rate to the conveyance system predicted by KCRTS I-hour time series minus the estimated capacity of the 18-inch pipe on the south side of SE 144th Street (5.0 cfs). Dev -A simulation was also conducted to determine the incremental flow rate that would increase the flood elevations by '4 inch. This incremental flow rate was determined to be 0.5 cfs. g C ~ • ill • 380 378 376-I 374 372- 370----~ 0 ___.-/ 'f c\l SE 144th Roadway Conveyance Plan: SE144th Roadway 6/17/2007 Geom: SE144th Flow: Roadway Q --144th 1 - ~ // / ~ "' c\l l ,} I, I; j 0 + "' .!'1 U) ~ 200 400 600 800 Main Channel Distance {ft) ------},, ' 0 + 0 - c\l 1000 ---------, 1200 Legend WS Exis Ground ROB -"" _ ____,.,._ g 383-• '"' '"' '""1 "' '" 1 377J 376+----_,,, 378 0 -.022---+ 377 5 377.0 ;; i 376.5 ! 376.0 "'-·1 315.0 374.5 --- '" 375.5 r----- 3750 374.5 g 374 o- i 373 5 ~ 373.0 372.5 372.0 371.5 '" .;o-- -"" -+- _,, "" -rn -,0 SE 144th RoadWay Conveyance Plan: SE144th Roadway 6117/2007 Geom. SE144th Flow Roao-..ay a R,ver=144lh R8&cti=1 RS=1010 Ste10+10 -.01 -rn '" Station (fl) SE 144th Roadway Conveyance Plan· SE144th Roadway 6/1712007 ------0,- Gaom SE144th Flow Roaaway 0 R1"8r = 1441h Raach = 1 RS= 810 Sta 8•10 '" Sta1,on{fl) '" SE 144th Roadway Conveyance Plan: SE144tf1 Roadway 6/17/2007 G!t!lmc SE1441h Flow. Roedway 0 RIV<lf = 144th Roadl ~ 1 RS= 660 Sia 6+60 ---01-------- '" Stehon{fl) " ->I<--"" ' ,-...,.~ :=1 I~ Bank Sta " --------------,, ----e,s-----------, "' '" ---·035 -------~ ----------~ "' '" -'-"' I ws~~- ' Grou/\0 ' . I Bank S1a "' ~"'""'~ ,--- 1~ Gmurnl ~~;_sia "' r• r• ! i i -• iJ 2 I iJ -~ + 'l iJ J__ ,.,, 0 "' Q ~ [;; ~ ~ HEC-RAS Plan: SE144th River: 144th Reach: 1 ' Reach River Sta Profile Q Total Mln Ch El W.S. Elev CritW.S. E.G. Elev E.G. Slope VelChnl Flow Area Top Width Froode# Chl ~- (els) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft/fl) (ftls) (sqft) (ft) 1 1010 iExis -~~-378.07 378.44 378.22 378.56 0.005394 --~-7.44 20.08 1.35 :eev -------·----- 1 1010 20.59 378.07 378.45 378.24 378.57 0.005366 2.72 7.60 20.72 1.36 ~-~ ----.-------. +---·----· - 1 810 Exls 20.09 376.47 376.22 376.22 376.57 0.023460 4.23 6.22 0.00 1 810 Dev 20.59 376.47 376.24 376.24 376.59 0.023355 4.32 6.28 0.00 -------------------------- .~ ---·. -~ ~ -----· ---· 1 660 Exls 20.09 373.69 373.70 373.33 373.84 0.006877 0.31 6.62 7.79 0861 1 660 Dev 20.59 f---------373.69 373.70 373.35 373.85 0.007151 0.39 6.64 7.92 0.93, ------------·------------ ' 11 160 Exls 22.42 370.90 371.63 371.~ 371.77 0.002867 3.25 7.92 28.69 1.12 ' -1-----------------~e 1 160 Dev 22.92 370.90 371.64 371.64 371.78 0.002807 3.23 8.14 2929 1.11 . --I ---~· ------------- 0.00340~ 3.00 ---- 1 0 Exl, 22.42 370.70 371.16 371.14 371.27 9.76 44.46 1.17 - i 1 0 Dev 22.92 370.70 371.17 371.15 371.28 0.003400 3.01 9.95 45.20 1.17 - Attachment C. KCRTS Detention Volume Estimates Cavalla -Retention/Detention Facility Type of Facility: Side Slope: Pond Bottom Length: Pond Bottom Width: Pond Bottom Area: Top Area at 1 ft. FB: Effective Storage Depth: Stage O Elevation: Storage Volume: Riser Head: Riser Diameter: Number of orifices: Detention Pond 2.00 H:lV 214.94 ft 107.47 ft 23100. sq. ft 31414. sq. ft 0. 721 acres 5.00 ft 0.00 ft 132287. cu. ft 3.037 ac-ft 5.00 ft 18.00 inches 3 Full Head Pipe Orifice # Height (ft) Diameter (in) Discharge (CFS) Diameter (in) Area 1 0.00 2 3.00 3 3.60 Top Notch Weir: None Outflow Rating Curve: None 1. 68 2.90 1. 60 0 .171 0.323 0.082 6.0 4.0 Stage Elevation Storage Discharge (ft) (ft) (cu. ft) (ac-ft) (cfs) 0.00 0.00 0. 0.000 0.000 0.02 0.02 462. 0. 011 0.010 0.04 0.04 925. 0. 021 0.014 0.05 0.05 1157. 0.027 0.018 0.07 0.07 1620. 0.037 0.020 0.09 0.09 2084. 0.048 0.023 0 .11 0 .11 2549. 0.059 0.025 0.12 0.12 2781. 0.064 0.027 0.14 0.14 3247. 0.075 0.029 0.24 0.24 5581. 0.128 0.038 0.34 0.34 7929. 0.182 0.045 0.44 0.44 10289. 0.236 0.051 0.54 0.54 12663. 0.291 0.056 0.64 0.64 15050. 0.345 0.061 0.74 0.74 17449. 0.401 0.066 0.84 0.84 198 62. 0.456 0.070 0.94 0.94 22288. 0.512 0.074 1. 04 1. 04 24727. 0.568 0.078 1.14 1.14 27180. 0. 624 0.082 1. 24 1. 24 29646. 0.681 0.085 1. 34 1. 34 32125. 0.737 0.089 1. 44 1. 44 34617. 0. 795 0. 092 1. 54 1. 54 37123. 0.852 0.095 1. 64 1. 64 39642. 0.910 0.098 1. 74 1. 74 42174. 0. 968 0.101 Percolation (cfs) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Surf (sq. ft) 23100. 2 312 6. 23152. 23165. 23190. 23216. 23242. 23255. 23281. 23410. 23540. 23671. 23801. 23932. 24063. 24195. 24326. 24459. 24591. 24724. 24857. 24990. 25124. 25258. 25392. 1. 84 1. 84 44720. 1. 027 0.104 0.00 25527. 1. 94 1. 94 47280. 1. 085 0.107 0.00 25662. 2.04 2.04 49853. 1.144 0.109 0.00 25797. 2.14 2.14 52439. 1. 204 0 .112 0.00 25933. 2.24 2.24 55039. 1. 264 o .115 0.00 26069. 2.34 2.34 57653. 1. 324 0 .117 0.00 2 6205. 2.44 2.44 60281. 1. 384 0.120 0.00 26342. 2.54 2.54 62 922. 1. 444 0.122 0.00 26479. 2. 64 2. 64 65576. 1. 505 0.124 0.00 26616. 2.74 2.74 68245. 1. 567 o .127 0.00 26754. 2.84 2.84 70927. 1. 628 0.129 0.00 26892. 2.94 2.94 73623. 1. 690 0.131 0.00 27030. 3.00 3. 00 75247. 1. 727 0.133 0.00 27113. 3.03 3.03 76061. 1. 746 0.135 0.00 27155. 3.06 3.06 76877. 1. 765 0 .142 0.00 27196. 3.09 3.09 77693. 1.784 0.154 0.00 27238. 3.12 3.12 78511. 1. 802 0.169 0.00 27279. 3.15 3.15 79330. 1. 821 0.188 0.00 27321. 3.18 3.18 80150. 1. 840 0 .211 0.00 27363. 3.21 3.21 80972. 1. 859 0.237 0.00 27405. 3.24 3.24 81795. 1. 878 0.250 0.00 27446. 3.34 3.34 84546. 1. 941 0.273 0.00 27586. 3.44 3.44 87312. 2.004 0.294 0.00 27726. 3.54 3.54 90091. 2.068 0.312 0.00 27866. 3.60 3.60 917 6 6. 2.107 0.322 0.00 27950. 3.62 3.62 92325. 2 .119 0.325 0.00 27978. 3.63 3. 63 92 605. 2.126 0.330 0.00 27992. 3.65 3. 65 93165. 2 .139 0.335 0.00 28020. 3.67 3.67 93726. 2.152 0.341 0.00 28049. 3.68 3.68 94006. 2.158 0.349 0.00 28063. 3.70 3.70 94568. 2 .171 0.357 0.00 28091. 3.72 3.72 95130. 2.184 0. 364 0.00 28119. 3.73 3. 73 95411. 2.190 0.369 0.00 28133. 3.75 3.75 95974. 2.203 0.373 0.00 28161. 3.85 3.85 98797. 2.268 0.395 0.00 28302. 3.95 3.95 101635. 2.333 0.416 0.00 28444. 4.05 4.05 104486. 2.399 0.434 0.00 28586. 4.15 4.15 107352. 2.464 0 .452 0.00 28728. 4.25 4.25 110232. 2.531 0.469 0.00 28870. 4.35 4.35 113126. 2.597 0.485 0.00 29013. 4.45 4.45 116034. 2.664 0.500 0.00 29156. 4.55 4.55 118957. 2.731 0.515 0.00 29299. 4.65 4. 65 121894. 2.798 0.529 0.00 29443. 4.75 4.75 124845. 2.866 0.543 0.00 29587. 4.85 4.85 127811. 2.934 0.557 0.00 29731. 4.95 4.95 130792. 3.003 0.570 0.00 29876. 5.00 5.00 132287. 3.037 0.576 0.00 29948. 5.10 5.10 135289. 3.106 1.050 0.00 30093. 5.20 5.20 138306. 3.175 1. 910 0.00 30239. 5.30 5.30 141337. 3.245 3.010 0.00 30385. 5.40 5.40 144383. 3.315 4.320 o.oo 30531. 5.50 5.50 147443. 3.385 5.800 0.00 30677. 5.60 5.60 150518. 3.455 7.240 0.00 30824. 5.70 5.70 153608. 3. 526 7.780 0.00 30971. 5.80 5.80 156713. 3.598 8.280 0.00 31118. 5.90 5.90 159832. 3.669 8.750 0.00 31266. 6.00 6.00 162966. 3.741 9.200 0.00 31414. 6 .10 6.10 166115. 3.813 9.630 0.00 6.20 6.20 169278. 3.886 10.030 0.00 6.30 6.30 172457. 3.959 10.420 0.00 6.40 6.40 175650. 4.032 10.800 0.00 6.50 6.50 178859. 4 .106 11 .160 0.00 6.60 6.60 182082. 4.180 11. 510 0.00 6.70 6.70 185320. 4.254 11. 850 0.00 6.80 6.80 188574. 4.329 12.190 0.00 6.90 6.90 191842. 4.404 12.510 0.00 7.00 7.00 195126. 4.479 12.820 0.00 Hyd Inflow Outflow Peak Storage Target Cale Stage Elev (Cu-Ft) (Ac-Ft) 1 3.76 ******* 0.79 5.05 5.05 133653. 3.068 2 1. 86 ******* 0.52 4.62 4. 62 121022. 2. 778 3 2.24 ******* 0.45 4.12 4.12 106597. 2.447 4 1. 87 ******* 0.44 4 .11 4 .11 106118. 2.436 5 1. 98 ******* 0.29 3.42 3.42 86855. 1.994 6 1.17 ******* 0.15 3.09 3.09 77629. 1. 782 7 1. 52 ******* 0 .13 2.84 2.84 70843. 1. 626 8 1. 65 ******* 0 .11 1. 97 1. 97 48102. 1.104 ---------------------------------- Route Time Series through Facility Inflow Time Series File:dev.tsf Outflow Time Series File:rdoutlev3 Inflow/Outflow Analysis Peak Inflow Discharge: 3.76 CFS at 6:00 on Jan 9 in Year 8 Peak Outflow Discharge: 0.792 CFS at 12:00 on Jan 9 in Year 8 Peak Reservoir Stage: 5.05 Ft Peak Reservoir Elev: 5.05 Ft Peak Reservoir Storage: 133653. Cu-Ft 3.068 Ac-Ft Flow Frequency Analysis Time Series File:rdoutlev3.tsf Project Location:Sea-Tac ---Annual Peak Flow Rates--- Flow Rate Rank Time of Peak (CFS) 0.537 2 2/09/01 20:00 0.130 7 1/07 /02 3:00 0.448 3 3/06/03 22:00 0.108 8 8/26/04 7:00 0.153 6 1/08/05 5:00 0 .291 5 1/19/06 0:00 0.444 4 11/24/06 8:00 0. 792 1 1/09/08 12:00 Computed Peaks -----Flow Frequency Analysis------- --Peaks --Rank Return Prob (CFS) (ft) Period 0. 792 5.05 1 100. 00 0.990 0.537 4. 71 2 25.00 0. 960 0.448 4.13 3 10.00 0.900 0.444 4 .11 4 5.00 0.800 0. 291 3.43 5 3.00 0.667 0.153 3.09 6 2.00 0.500 0.130 2.88 7 1. 30 0.231 0.108 1. 97 8 1.10 0.091 0.707 5.03 50.00 0.980 Flow Duration from Time Series File:rdoutlev3.tsf Cutoff Count Frequency CDF Exceedence_Probability CFS % % % 0.008 29873 48. 717 48.717 51.283 0.513E+OO 0.023 5807 9.470 58.187 41. 813 0.418E+OO 31562. 31711. 31860. 32009. 32159. 32309. 32459. 32609. 32760. 32912. 0.038 5674 9. 253 67.440 32.560 0.326E+OO 0.053 5278 8.607 76.047 23.953 0.240E+OO 0.068 4651 7.585 83.632 16.368 0.164E+OO 0.083 3976 6.484 90 .116 9.884 0.988E-Ol 0.098 2180 3.555 93. 671 6.329 0.633E-01 0 .113 1584 2.583 96.254 3.746 0.375E-01 0.128 1475 2.405 98.659 1. 341 0.134E-01 0.144 416 0.678 99.338 0.662 0.662E-02 0.159 47 0.077 99.415 0.585 0.585E-02 0 .174 23 0.038 99.452 0. 548 0.548E-02 0.189 17 0. 028 99.480 0.520 0.520E-02 0.204 17 0. 028 99.507 0. 492 0.492E-02 0.219 18 0. 029 99.537 0. 463 0.463E-02 0.234 18 0. 029 99.566 0.434 0.434E-02 0.249 18 0. 029 99. 596 0.404 0.404E-02 0. 264 39 0.064 99.659 0.341 0. 341E-02 0.279 31 0.051 99.710 0.290 0.290E-02 0.294 31 0.051 99.760 0.240 0.240E-02 0.310 23 0.038 99.798 0. 202 0.202E-02 0.325 16 0.026 99.824 0.176 D.176E-D2 0.340 7 0. 011 99.835 0 .165 0.165E-02 0.355 3 0.005 99.840 0 .160 0.160E-02 0.370 9 0.015 99.855 0.145 0 .145E-02 0.385 10 0.016 99.871 0.129 0.129E-02 0.400 9 0.015 99.886 0 .114 0 .114E-02 0.415 10 0. 016 99.902 0.098 0.978E-03 0.430 10 0. 016 99.918 0.082 0.815E-03 0.445 12 0.020 99.938 0.062 0.620E-03 0.461 11 0.018 99.956 0.044 0.440E-03 0.476 8 0.013 99. 969 0.031 0.310E-03 0.491 4 0.007 99.976 0.024 0.245E-03 0.506 3 0.005 99.980 0.020 0.196E-03 0.521 5 0.008 99.989 0.011 0. ll4E-03 0.536 5 0.008 99.997 0.003 0.326E-04 Duration Comparison Anaylsis Base File: forest.tsf New File: rdoutlev3.tsf Cutoff Units: Discharge in CFS -----Fraction of Time--------------Check of Tolerance------- Cutoff Base New %Change Probability Base New %Change 0 .137 0.95E-02 0.72E-02 -24.5 I 0.95E-02 0 .137 0.131 -4.2 0.174 0.63E-02 0.55E-02 -13.2 I 0.63E-02 0.174 0.150 -14.2 0.212 0.50E-02 0.47E-02 -4.9 I O.SOE-02 0.212 0.203 -4.4 0.249 0.37E-02 0.40E-02 8.8 I 0.37E-02 0.249 0.259 3. 8 0.287 0.29E-02 0.27E-02 -6.3 I 0.29E-02 0.287 0 .282 -1. 8 0.324 0.22E-02 0.18E-02 -20. 6 I 0.22E-02 0.324 0.301 -7.0 o .362 O.lSE-02 O.lSE-02 2.2 I O.lSE-02 0.362 0.369 1. 9 0.399 O.lOE-02 0. llE-02 ll .1 I O.lOE-02 0.399 0.413 3.5 0.437 0.62E-03 0. 77E-03 23.7 I 0.62E-03 0.437 0.445 1. 9 0.474 0.34E-03 0.31E-03 -9. 5 I 0.34E-03 0.474 0.473 -0.2 0.512 0.21E-03 0.16E-03 -23.1 I 0.21E-03 0.512 0.501 -2.1 0.549 0.16E-03 O.OOE+OO -100.0 I 0.16E-03 0.549 0.512 -6.8 0.586 O.llE-03 O.OOE+OO -100.0 I 0. llE-03 0. 586 0.522 -11. 0 0. 624 0.16E-04 O.OOE+OO -100.0 I 0.16E-04 0.624 0.537 -14.0 Maximum positive excursion= 0.020 cfs ( 4.9%) occurring at 0.407 cfs on the Base Data:forest.tsf and at 0.427 cfs on the New Data:rdoutlev3.tsf Maximum negative excursion= 0.027 cfs (-16.0%) occurring at 0.169 cfs on the Base Data:forest.tsf and at 0.142 cfs on the New Data:rdoutlev3.tsf Cavalla -Time Series KCRTS Command CREATE a new Time Series Production of Runoff Time Series Project Location : Sea-Tac Computing Series forest.ts£ Regional Scale Factor: 1.00 Data Type : Reduced Creating Hourly Time Series File Till Forest Loading Time Series File:C:\KC SWDM\KC DATA\STTF60R.rnf 9.91 acres Total Area 9.91 acres Peak Discharge: 0.799 CFS at 9:00 on Jan 9 in Year 8 Storing Time Series File:forest.tsf Time Series Computed KCRTS Command Enter the Analysis TOOLS Module Analysis Tools Conunand Compute PEAKS and Flow Frequencies Loading Stage/Discharge curve:forest.tsf Flow Frequency Analysis Time Series File:forest.tsf Project Location:Sea-Tac Frequencies & Peaks saved to File:forest.pks Analysis Tools Command Compute Flow DURATION and Exceedence Computing Interval Locations Computing Flow Durations Loading Time Series File:forest.tsf Durations & Exceedence Probabilities to File:forest.dur Analysis Tools Command RETURN to Previous Menu KCRTS Command CREATE a new Time Series Production of Runoff Time Series Project Location : Sea-Tac Computing Series : dev.tsf Regional Scale Factor : 1.00 Data Type : Reduced Creating Hourly Time Series File Till Grass Impervious Loading Time Series File:C:\KC_SWDM\KC DATA\STTG60R.rnf 3.54 acres Loading Time Series File:C:\KC_SWDM\KC_DATA\STEI60R.rnf 6.37 acres Total Area 9.91 acres Peak Discharge: 3.76 CFS at 6:00 on Jan 9 in Year 8 Storing Time Series File:dev.tsf Time Series Computed KCRTS Command Enter the Analysis TOOLS Module Analysis Tools Command Compute PEAKS and Flow Frequencies Loading Stage/Discharge curve:dev.tsf Flow Frequency Analysis Time Series File:dev.tsf Project Location:Sea-Tac Frequencies & Peaks saved to File:dev.pks Analysis Tools Command Compute Flow DURATION and Exceedence Computing Interval Locations Computing Flow Durations Loading Time Series File:dev.tsf Durations & Exceedence Probabilities to File:dev.dur Analysis Tools Command RETURN to Previous Menu KCRTS Command exit KCRTS Program Cavalla -Peak Flow Rates Flow Frequency Analysis Time Series File:forest.tsf Project Location:Sea-Tac ---Annual Peak Flow Rates--- Flow Rate Rank Time of Peak (CFS) 0.625 2 2/09/01 18:00 0.170 7 1/06/02 3:00 0.463 4 2/28/03 3:00 0.017 8 3/24/04 20:00 0.275 6 1/05/05 8:00 0.480 3 1/18/06 21:00 0.404 5 11/24/06 4:00 0.799 1 1/09/08 9:00 Computed Peaks Flow Frequency Analysis Time Series File:dev.tsf Project Location:Sea-Tac ---Annual Peak Flow Rates--- Flow Rate Rank Time of Peak (CFS) 1. 86 6 2/09/01 2:00 1. 52 8 1/05/02 16:00 2.24 3 2/27/03 7:00 1. 65 7 8/26/04 2:00 1. 99 4 10/28/04 16:00 1. 98 5 1/18/06 16:00 2.40 2 10/26/06 0:00 3.76 1 1/09/08 6:00 Computed Peaks Flow Frequency Analysis Time Series File:rdout.tsf Project Location:Sea-Tac ---Annual Peak Flow Rates--- Flow Rate Rank Time of Peak (CFS) 0.536 2 2/09/01 20:00 0.130 7 1/07/02 4:00 0.448 3 3/06/03 22:00 0.107 8 8/26/04 7:00 0.150 6 1/08/05 5:00 0.289 5 1/19/06 0:00 0.442 4 11/24/06 8:00 0.765 1 1/09/08 12:00 Computed Peaks -----Flow Frequency Analysis------- --Peaks Rank Return Prob (CFS) Period 0.799 1 100.00 0.990 0. 625 2 25.00 0. 960 0.480 3 10.00 0.900 0.463 4 5.00 0.800 0.404 5 3.00 0.667 0.275 6 2.00 0.500 0.170 7 1. 30 0.231 0.017 8 1.10 0. 091 0.741 50.00 0.980 -----Flow Frequency Analysis------- --Peaks Rank Return Prob (CFS) Period 3.76 1 100.00 0.990 2.40 2 25.00 0.960 2.24 3 10.00 0. 900 1.99 4 5.00 0.800 1. 98 5 3.00 0.667 1. 86 6 2.00 0.500 1. 65 7 1.30 0.231 1. 52 8 1.10 0.091 3.31 50.00 0.980 -----Flow Frequency Analysis------- --Peaks --Rank Return Prob (CFS) (ft) Period 0.765 5.04 1 100.00 0.990 0.536 4.70 2 25.00 0. 960 0.448 4 .13 3 10.00 0.900 0.442 4.10 4 5.00 0.800 0.289 3.42 5 3.00 0.667 0.150 3.08 6 2.00 0. 500 0 .130 2.88 7 1.30 0.231 0.107 1. 96 8 1.10 0. 091 0.689 5.02 50.00 0.980 0.8 --+-El<isting ~ Developed 0.7 0.6 ui 0.5 IL ~ ., ,. 0.4 ~ 3' 0 ii: 0.3 0.2 " 0.1 d 0 E C. r;; i; ' 0 1.00E-05 1.00E-04 1.00E-03 1.00E-02 1.00E-01 1.00E+OO Probability of Exceedence Flow Duration Curves for RID. Duration curves are shown at pond outlet. The pond is designed to meet Level 3 flow control standards. Liberty Gardens -Retention/Detention Facility Type of Facility: Detention Pond Side Slope: 2.00 H:lV Pond Bottom Length: 144.91 ft Pond Bottom Width: 72. 46 ft Pond Bottom Area: 10500. sq. ft Top Area at 1 ft. FB: 19621. sq. ft 0.450 acres Effective Storage Depth: 8.00 ft Stage O Elevation: 403.00 ft Storage Volume: 114554. cu. ft 2. 630 ac-ft Riser Head: 8.00 ft Riser Diameter: 18.00 inches Number of orifices: 3 Pipe Orifice * Height (ft) Diameter (in) 1. 30 2.20 2.40 Full Head Discharge (CFS) 0.130 0.203 0 .1 71 Diameter (in) 1 0.00 2 5.60 3 6.80 Top Notch Weir: None Outflow Rating Curve: None Stage Elevation Storage Area (ft) (ft) (cu. ft) (ac-ft) 0.00 403.00 0. 0.000 0.01 403.01 105. 0.002 0.03 403.03 315. 0.007 0.04 403.04 421. 0.010 0.05 403.05 526. 0.012 0.07 403.07 737. 0.017 0.08 403.08 843. 0.019 0.09 403.09 949. 0.022 0.11 403 .11 1160. 0. 027 0.27 403.27 2867. 0.066 0.42 403.42 4487. 0.103 0.58 403.58 6237. 0.143 0.74 403.74 8010. 0.184 0.89 403.89 9693. 0.223 1. 05 404.05 11510. 0. 264 1. 21 404. 21 13351. 0.306 1.36 404.36 15098. 0.347 1. 52 404.52 16983. 0. 390 1. 68 404.68 18892. 0.434 1. 83 404.83 20704. 0.475 1. 99 404.99 22659. 0.520 2.15 405.15 24638. 0.566 2.30 405.30 26515. 0.609 2.46 405.46 28540. 0.655 2.62 405.62 30590. 0.702 2.78 405.78 32664. 0.750 2.93 405.93 34631. 0. 795 6.0 6.0 Discharge (cfs) 0.000 0.005 0.008 0.009 0. 011 0.012 0 .013 0.014 0.015 0.024 0.030 0.035 0.039 0.043 0.047 0. 050 0. 054 0.057 0.059 0. 062 0.065 0.067 0.070 0.072 0. 074 0.076 0.078 Percolation (cfs) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 o.oo 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Surf (sq. ft) 10500. 10509. 10526. 10535. 10544. 10561. 10570. 10578. 10596. 10736. 10868. 11010. 11152. 11287. 11431. 11575. 11712. 11859. 12006. 12145. 12294. 12443. 12584. 12736. 12888. 13041. 13185. 3. 09 406.09 36753. 0.844 0.081 0.00 13339. 3 .25 406.25 38 900. 0.893 0.083 0.00 13495. 3.40 406.40 40935. 0.940 0.085 0.00 13641. 3.56 406.56 43130. 0.990 0.086 0.00 13798. 3. 72 406.72 45351. 1. 041 0.088 0.00 13956. 3.87 406.87 47455. 1. 089 0.090 0.00 14105. 4.03 407.03 49725. 1.142 0.092 0.00 14264. 4.19 407.19 52020. 1.194 0.094 0.00 14424. 4.34 407.34 54195. 1.244 0. 096 o.oo 14575. 4.50 407.50 56540. 1. 298 0.097 0.00 14737. 4.66 407.66 58910. 1. 352 0.099 0.00 14899. 4.81 407.81 61157. 1. 404 0.101 0.00 15052. 4.97 407.97 63578. 1. 460 0.102 0.00 15217. 5 .13 408.13 66026. 1. 516 0 .104 0.00 15382. 5.28 408.28 68345. 1. 569 0.105 0.00 15537. 5.44 408.44 70844. 1. 626 0.107 0.00 15703. 5.60 408.60 73370. 1. 684 0.108 0.00 15871. 5. 62 408.62 73688. 1. 692 0 .110 0.00 15892. 5.65 408.65 74165. 1. 703 0 .114 0.00 15923. 5.67 408.67 74484. 1. 710 0.120 0.00 15944. 5.69 408.69 74803. 1. 717 0.129 0.00 15965. 5. 71 408.71 75122. 1. 725 0.140 0.00 15986. 5.74 408.74 75602. 1.736 0.153 0.00 16018. 5.76 408.76 75923. 1. 743 0.163 0.00 16039. 5.78 408.78 7 6244. 1. 750 0.166 0.00 16060. 5.94 408.94 78827. 1. 810 0.188 0.00 16229. 6 .10 409.10 81437. 1. 870 0.206 0.00 16399. 6. 25 409.25 83909. 1. 926 0.221 0.00 16559. 6.41 409.41 86572. 1. 987 0.234 o.oo 16731. 6.57 409.57 89263. 2.049 0.247 0.00 1690 3. 6.72 409.72 91811. 2.108 0. 258 0.00 17065. 6.80 409.80 93179. 2 .139 0. 263 0.00 17152. 6.83 409.83 93694. 2.151 0.266 0.00 1 7185. 6.85 409.85 94038. 2.159 0.273 0.00 17207. 6. 88 409.88 94555. 2 .171 o. 282 0.00 1 7239. 6.90 409.90 94900. 2 .179 0.293 0.00 17261. 6.93 409.93 95418. 2 .191 0.308 0.00 17294. 6.95 409.95 95764. 2 .198 0.325 0.00 17316. 6.98 409.98 96284. 2.210 0.340 0.00 17349. 7.00 410.00 9 6632. 2.218 0.346 0.00 17370. 7.16 410.16 99425. 2. 282 0.380 0.00 17546. 7.31 410.31 102069. 2.343 0.408 0.00 17711. 7.47 410.47 104917. 2.409 0.433 0.00 17888. 7.63 410.63 107793. 2.475 0.456 0.00 18066. 7.78 410.78 110516. 2.537 0. 477 0.00 18233. 7.94 410.94 113447. 2.604 0.497 0.00 18412. 8.00 411. 00 114554. 2.630 0.504 0.00 18480. 8.10 411.10 116408. 2.672 0.978 0.00 18593. 8.20 411. 20 118273. 2.715 1. 830 0.00 18706. 8.30 411.30 120149. 2.758 2.940 0.00 18819. 8.40 411. 40 122036. 2. 802 4.250 0.00 18933. 8.50 411. 50 123935. 2.845 5.730 0.00 19047. 8.60 411.60 125846. 2.889 7.160 0.00 19161. 8.70 411. 70 127768. 2. 933 7.700 0.00 19276. 8.80 411.80 129701. 2.978 8.200 0.00 19390. 8.90 411. 90 131646. 3.022 8.670 0.00 19506. 9.00 412.00 133602. 3.067 9.120 0.00 19621. 9.10 412.10 135570. 3.112 9.550 0.00 9.20 412.20 137549. 3.158 9.950 0.00 9.30 412.30 139541. 3. 203 10.340 0.00 9. 40 412.40 141543. 3.249 10.720 0.00 9.50 412.50 143558. 3. 296 11. 080 0.00 9.60 412.60 145584. 3.342 11. 430 0.00 9.70 412.70 147622. 3.389 11. 770 0.00 9.80 412.80 149672. 3.436 12.100 0.00 9.90 412. 90 151734. 3.483 12.420 0.00 Hyd Inflow Outflow Peak Storage Stage Elev (Cu-Ft) (Ac-Ft) 1 3.15 0.68 8.04 411. 04 2 1. 56 0.45 7.58 410.58 3 1. 88 0.39 7.24 410.24 4 1. 57 0. 26 6.81 409.81 5 1. 65 0.16 5.75 408.75 6 1.27 0.10 5.09 408.09 7 1. 38 0.08 3.39 406.39 8 0.98 0.10 5. 26 408.26 Hyd RID Facility Tributary Reservoir Outflow Inflow Inflow 1 0.68 0.12 ******** 2 0.45 0.06 ******** 3 0.39 0.07 ******** 4 0.26 0. 06 ******** 5 0.16 0.06 ******** 6 0.10 0.05 ******** 7 0.08 0.06 ******** 8 0.10 0.04 ******** Route Time Series through Facility Inflow Time Series File:dev.tsf Outflow Time Series File:rdoutlev3 POC Time Series File:dsoutlev3 Inflow/Outflow Analysis 115252. 2.646 106940. 2.455 100750. 2.313 93266. 2.141 75705. 1. 738 65382. 1. 501 40741. 0.935 68077. 1. 563 POC Outflow Target Cale ******* 0. 71 ******* 0.47 ******* 0.41 ******* 0.28 ******* 0.16 ******* 0.14 ******* 0.14 ******* 0 .13 Peak Inflow Discharge: 3.16 CFS at 6: 00 on Jan 9 in Year 8 Peak Outflow Discharge: 0.683 CFS at 11: 00 on Jan 9 in Year 8 Peak Reservoir Stage: 8.04 Ft Peak Reservoir Elev: 411. 04 Ft Peak Reservoir Storage: 115252. Cu-Ft 2. 646 Ac-Ft Add Time Series:bypass.tsf Peak Summed Discharge: 0.706 CFS at 11:00 on Jan 9 in Year 8 Point of Compliance File:dsoutlev3.tsf Flow Frequency Analysis Time Series File:rdoutlev3.tsf Project Location:Sea-Tac ---Annual Peak Flow Rates--------Flow Frequency Analysis------- Flow Rate Rank Time of Peak --Peaks --Rank Return Prob (CFS) (CFS) (ft) Period 0.475 2 2/09/01 20:00 0.683 8.04 1 100.00 0.990 19737. 19853. 19970. 20087. 20204. 20322. 20439. 20558. 2 0 67 6. 0.103 7 1/07/02 3:00 0.475 7.76 2 25.00 a. 960 0. 396 3 3/06/03 22:00 a. 396 7.25 3 10.00 0.900 0.085 B 8/26/04 7:00 a .263 6.80 4 5.00 0.800 0.105 6 1/08/05 2:00 0.159 5.75 5 3.00 0.667 0.159 5 1/19/06 5:00 0.105 5.25 6 2.00 0.500 0.263 4 11/24/06 9:00 0.103 5.08 7 1. 30 0.231 0.683 1 1/09/08 11:00 0.085 3.38 8 1.10 0.091 Computed Peaks 0.613 8.02 50.00 0.980 Flow Frequency Analysis Time Series File:dsoutlev3.tsf Project Location:Sea-Tac ---Annual Peak Flow Rates--------Flow Frequency Analysis------- Flow Rate Rank Time of Peak --Peaks Rank Return Prob (CFS) (CFS) Period 0. 493 2 2/09/01 19:00 0.706 1 100.00 0.990 0.142 6 1/05/02 16:00 0. 493 2 25.00 0. 960 0.409 3 3/06/03 21: 00 0.409 3 10.00 0.900 0.138 7 8/26/04 2:00 0.283 4 5.00 0.800 0.130 8 1/05/05 8:00 0.159 5 3.00 0.667 0.159 5 1/19/06 5:00 0.142 6 2.00 0.500 0.283 4 11/24/06 6:00 0.138 7 1. 30 0.231 0.706 1 1/09/08 11: 00 0.130 8 1.10 0. 091 Computed Peaks 0.635 50.00 0.980 Flow Duration from Time Series File:rdoutlev3.tsf Cutoff Count Frequency CDF Exceedence_Probability CFS % % % 0.007 28877 47.092 47.092 52.908 0.529E+OO 0.020 7017 11.443 58.536 41.464 0.415E+00 0.033 5922 9.658 68.193 31. 807 0.318E+OO 0.047 5531 9. 020 77.213 22.787 0. 228E+OO 0.060 5072 8 .271 85.484 14.516 0.145E+OO 0.073 3690 6.018 91. 502 8.498 0.850E-01 0.087 2268 3.699 95.201 4.799 0.480E-01 0.100 1702 2. 776 97.976 2. 024 0.202E-01 0 .114 837 1. 365 9 9. 341 0.659 0.659E-02 0.127 37 0.060 99.401 0.598 0.598E-02 0.140 17 0.028 99.429 a .sn 0. 571E-02 0.154 26 0.042 99. 472 0.528 0.528E-02 0.167 30 0.049 99.521 0.479 0.479E-02 0.180 45 0.073 99. 5 94 0.406 0.406E-02 0.194 49 0.080 99.674 0.326 0.326E-02 0.207 40 0.065 99.739 0.261 0.261E-02 0.220 26 0.042 99.781 0.219 0.219E-02 0.234 18 0.029 99. 811 0.189 0.189E-02 0.247 18 0.029 99.840 0.160 0.160E-02 0.260 31 0.051 99.891 0.109 0.109E-02 0 .274 13 0. 021 99.912 0.088 0.881E-03 0.287 3 0.005 99.917 0.083 0.832E-03 0.300 2 0.003 99.920 0.080 0.799E-03 0.314 1 0.002 99.922 0.078 0.783E-03 0. 327 1 0.002 99.923 0.077 0.766E-03 0.340 1 0.002 99.925 0.075 0.750E-03 0.354 6 0.010 99.935 0.065 0.652E-03 0.367 6 0.010 99.945 a.ass 0.554E-03 0.380 6 a. 010 99.954 0.046 0.457E-03 0.394 0.407 0.420 0.434 0.447 0.460 0.474 9 3 2 3 3 3 3 0.015 0.005 0.003 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 99. 969 99.974 99. 977 99.982 99.987 99.992 99. 997 0.031 0.026 0.023 0.018 0.013 0.008 0.003 0.310E-03 0.261E-03 0.228E-03 0.179E-03 0.130E-03 0.815E-04 0.326E-04 Flow Duration from Time Series File:dsoutlev3.tsf Cutoff Count Frequency CDF Exceedence_Probability CFS % % % 0.007 28952 47.215 47.215 52.785 0.528E+OO 0.021 0.035 0.049 0.062 0.076 0.090 0.104 0 .118 0.132 0.146 0.160 0 .173 0.187 0.201 0.215 0.229 0.243 0.257 0.270 0.284 0.298 0.312 0.326 0.340 0.354 0.367 0.381 0.395 0.409 0.423 0.437 0.451 0.464 0. 478 0. 492 7029 5796 5806 4882 3682 2261 1756 642 100 61 32 43 41 43 47 18 16 24 26 8 4 1 3 1 3 4 8 4 9 3 2 3 3 3 3 11. 463 9. 452 9.468 7. 962 6.005 3.687 2.864 1. 04 7 0.163 0.099 0.052 0.070 0.067 0.070 0.077 0.029 0.026 0.039 0.042 0.013 0.007 0.002 0.005 0.002 0.005 0.007 0.013 0. 007 0.015 0.005 0.003 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 Duration Comparison Anaylsis Base File: forest.ts£ 58.677 68 .12 9 77.598 85.559 91.564 95.251 98 .115 99.162 99.325 99.424 99. 477 99.547 99.614 99.684 99.760 99.790 99.816 99.855 99.897 99.910 99.917 99.918 99.923 99.925 99.930 99.936 99.949 99.956 99. 971 99.976 99.979 99.984 99.989 99.993 99.998 New File: dsoutlev3.tsf Cutoff Units: Discharge in CFS 41.323 31.871 22.402 14.441 8.436 4.749 1. 885 0.838 0.675 0. 576 0.523 0.453 0.386 0.316 0.240 0.210 0.184 0.145 0.103 0.090 0.083 0.082 0.077 0.075 0.070 0.064 0.051 0.044 0. 029 0.024 0.021 0.016 0 .011 0.007 0.002 0.413E+OO 0.319E+OO 0.224E+OO 0.144E+OO 0.844E-01 0.475E-01 0.189E-01 0.838E-02 0.675E-02 0.576E-02 0.523E-02 0.453E-02 0.386E-02 0.316E-02 0.240E-02 0.210E-02 0.184E-02 0.145E-02 0.103E-02 0.897E-03 0.832E-03 0.815E-03 0.766E-03 0.750E-03 0.701E-03 0.636E-03 0.506E-03 0.440E-03 0.294E-03 0.245E-03 0.212E-03 0.163E-03 0 .114E-03 0. 652E-04 0.163E-04 Cutoff 0.120 0.152 -----Fraction of Time--------------Check of Tolerance------- Base New %Change Probability Base New %Change 0.95E-02 0.81E-02 -14.6 I 0.95E-02 0.120 0.114 -5.0 0.63E-02 0.55E-02 -12.7 I 0.63E-02 0.152 0.140 -8.1 0.185 0.50E-02 0.40E-02 -19.1 0.50E-02 0.185 0.168 -9.3 0 .218 0.37E-02 0.23E-02 -37.0 0.37E-02 0. 218 0 .190 -12.5 0.250 0.29E-02 0.17E-02 -41. 7 0.29E-02 0.250 0. 207 -17.1 0.283 0.22E-02 0.91E-03 -58.8 0.22E-02 0. 283 0.225 -20.6 0.316 0.15E-02 0.80E-03 -46. 2 0.15E-02 0.316 0.255 -19.1 0.348 O.lOE-02 0.73E-03 -27.4 O.lOE-02 0.348 0.274 -21. 4 0.381 0. 62E-03 O.SlE-03 -18.4 0.62E-03 0.381 0.370 -2. 9 0.414 0.34E-03 0.26E-03 -23.8 0.34E-03 0.414 0.404 -2. 3 0.446 0.21E-03 0.16E-03 -23.1 0.21E-03 0.446 0. 439 -1. 6 0.479 0.16E-03 0.65E-04 -60.0 0 .16E-03 0.479 0.454 -5.3 0.512 0. llE-03 O.OOE+OO -100.0 0. llE-03 0.512 0. 4 68 -8.6 0.544 0.16E-04 O.OOE+OO -100.0 0 .16E-04 0.544 0. 492 -9.6 There is no positive excursion Maximum negative excursion= 0. 077 cfs (-22. 4%) occurring at 0.342 cfs on the Base Data:forest.tsf and at 0.266 cfs on the New Data:dsoutlev3.tsf Liberty Gardens -Time Series KCRTS Command CREATE a new Time Series Production of Runoff Time Series Project Location: Sea-Tac Computing Series forest.ts£ Regional Scale Factor : 1.00 Data Type: Reduced Creating Hourly Time Series File Loading Time Series File:C:\KC_SWDM\KC DATA\STTF60R.rnf Till Forest 8.64 acres Total Area 8.64 acres Peak Discharge: 0.697 CFS at 9:00 on Jan 9 in Year 8 Storing Time Series File:forest.tsf Time Series Computed KCRTS Command Enter the Analysis TOOLS Module Analysis Tools Command Compute PEAKS and Flow Frequencies Loading Stage/Discharge curve:forest.tsf Flow Frequency Analysis Time Series File:forest.tsf Project Location:Sea-Tac Frequencies & Peaks saved to File:forest.pks Analysis Tools Command Compute Flow DURATION and Exceedence Loading Time Series File:forest.tsf Computing Interval Locations Computing Flow Durations Project Location Durations & Exceedence Probabilities to File:forest.dur Analysis Tools Conunand RETURN to Previous Menu KCRTS Command CREATE a new Time Series Production of Runoff Time Series Sea-Tac Computing Series dev.tsf Regional Scale Factor 1.00 Data Type Reduced Creating Hourly Time Series File Loading Time Series File:C:\KC SWDM\KC DATA\STTG60R.rnf --Till Grass 3.10 acres Impervious Loading Time Series File:C:\KC_SWDM\KC_DATA\STEI60R.rnf 5.29 acres Total Area 8.39 acres Peak Discharge: 3.16 CFS at 6:00 on Jan 9 in Year 8 Storing Time Series File:dev.tsf Time Series Computed KCRTS Command Enter the Analysis TOOLS Module Analysis Tools Command Compute PEAKS and Flow Frequencies Loading Stage/Discharge curve:dev.tsf Flow Frequency Analysis Time Series File:dev.tsf Project Location!Sea-Tac Frequencies & Peaks saved to File:dev.pks Analysis Tools Command Compute Flow DURATION and Exceedence Loading Time Series File:dev.tsf Computing Interval Locations Computing Flow Durations Durations & Exceedence Probabilities to File:dev.dur Analysis Tools Command RETURN to Previous Menu KCRTS Command CREATE a new Time Series Production of Runoff Time Series Project Location : Sea-Tac Computing Series bypass.tsf Regional Scale Factor : 1.00 Data Type ! Reduced Creating Hourly Time Series File Impervious Loading Time Series File:C:\KC SWDM\KC DATA\STEI60R.rnf 0.25 acres Total Area : 0.25 acres Peak Discharge: 0.118 CFS at 6:00 on Jan 9 in Year 8 Storing Time Series File:bypass.tsf Time Series Computed KCRTS Command Enter the Analysis TOOLS Module Analysis Tools Command Compute PEAKS and Flow Frequencies Loading Stage/Discharge curve:bypass.tsf Flow Frequency Analysis Time Series File:bypass.tsf Project Location:Sea-Tac Frequencies & Peaks saved to File:bypass.pks Analysis Tools Command Compute Flow DURATION and Exceedence Loading Time Series File:bypass.tsf Computing Interval Locations Computing Flow Durations Durations & Exceedence Probabilities to File:bypass.dur Analysis Tools Command RETURN to Previous Menu KCRTS Command eXit KCRTS Program Liberty Gardens -Peak Flow Rates Flow Frequency Analysis Time Series File:forest.tsf Project Location:Sea-Tac ---Annual Peak Flow Rates--- Flow Rate Rank Time of Peak (CFS) 0.545 2 2/09/01 18:00 0.148 7 1/06/02 3:00 0.404 4 2/28/03 3:00 0.014 8 3/24/04 20:00 0.240 6 1/05/05 8:00 0.418 3 1/18/06 21: 00 0.353 5 11/24/06 4:00 0.697 1 1/09/08 9:00 Computed Peaks Flow Frequency Analysis Time Series File:dev.tsf Project Location:Sea-Tac ---Annual Peak Flow Rates--- Flow Rate Rank Time of Peak (CFS) 1. 56 6 2/09/01 2:00 1. 27 8 1/05/02 16:00 1. 88 3 2/27/03 7:00 1.38 7 8/26/04 2:00 1. 66 4 10/28/04 16:00 1. 65 5 1/18/06 16:00 2.00 2 10/26/06 0:00 3.15 1 1/09/08 6:00 Computed Peaks Flow Frequency Analysis Time Series File:rdoutlev3.tsf Project Location:Sea-Tac ---Annual Peak Flow Rates--- Flow Rate Rank Time of Peak (CFS) 0.475 2 2/09/01 20:00 0.103 7 1/07/02 3:00 0. 396 3 3/06/03 22:00 0.085 8 8/26/04 7:00 0.105 6 1/08/05 2:00 0.159 5 1/19/06 5:00 0.263 4 11/24/06 9:00 0.683 1 1/09/08 11 :OD Computed Peaks -----Flow Frequency Analysis------- --Peaks Rank Return Prob (CFS) Period 0.697 1 100.00 0.990 0.545 2 25.00 0.960 0.418 3 10.00 0.900 0. 404 4 5.00 0.800 0.353 5 3.00 0.667 0.240 6 2.00 0.500 0.148 7 1. 30 0.231 0.014 8 1.10 0.091 0.646 50.00 0.980 -----Flow Frequency Analysis------- --Peaks Rank Return Prob (CFS) Period 3.15 1 100.00 0.990 2.00 2 25.00 0. 960 1. 88 3 10.00 0.900 1. 66 4 5.00 0.800 1. 65 5 3.00 0.667 1. 56 6 2.00 0.500 1. 38 7 1. 30 0.231 1. 27 8 1.10 0.091 2.77 50.00 0.980 -----Flow Frequency Analysis------- --Peaks --Rank Return Prob (CFS) (ft) Period 0.683 8.04 1 100.00 0.990 0.475 7.76 2 25.00 0.960 0. 396 7.25 3 10.00 0.900 0.263 6.80 4 5.00 0.800 0.159 5.75 5 3.00 0.667 0.105 5.25 6 2.00 0.500 0 .103 5.08 7 1. 30 0.231 0.085 3.38 8 1.10 0.091 0. 613 8.02 50.00 0.980 Flow Frequency Analysis Time Series File:dsoutlev3.tsf Project Location:Sea-Tac ---Annual Peak Flow Rates--------Flow Frequency Analysis------- Flow Rate Rank Time of Peak --Peaks Rank Return Prob (CFS) (CFS) Period 0.493 2 2/09/01 19:00 0.706 1 100.00 0.990 0.142 6 1/05/02 16: 00 0. 4 93 2 25.00 0. 960 0.409 3 3/06/03 21:00 0.409 3 10.00 0.900 0.138 7 8/26/04 2:00 0.283 4 5.00 0.800 0 .130 8 1/05/05 8:00 0.159 5 3.00 0. 667 0.159 5 1/19/06 5:00 0.142 6 2.00 0.500 0.283 4 11/24/06 6:00 0.138 7 1. 30 0.231 0.706 1 1/09/08 11: 00 0.130 8 1.10 0.091 Computed Peaks 0.635 50.00 0.980 0.8 --+--Existing R -Developed 0.7 0.6 .;; 0.5 -. 11. ;; ~ ,· ., ~ 1. 0.4 Ci:: ~ ;:;: 0.3 0.2 0.1 -~ •:i " fl ,, -~ 0 1.00E-05 1.00E-04 1.00E-03 1.00E-02 1.00E-01 1.00E+OO Probability of Exceedence Flow Duration Curves for RID. Duration curves are shown at a downstream point- of-compliance to account for a small amount of bypass. Tbe pond is designed to meet Level 3 flow control standards. STATE OF WASHINGTON, COUNTY OF KING } AFFIDAVIT OF PUBLICATION PUBLIC NOTICE Linda M Mills, being first duly sworn on oath that she is the Legal Advertising Representative of the Renton Reporter a weekly newspaper, which newspaper is a legal newspaper of general circulation and is now and has been for more than six months prior to the date of publication hereinafter referred to, published in the English language continuously as a weekly newspaper in King County, Washington. The Renton Repo1ter has been approved as a Legal Newspaper by order of the Superior Court of the State of Washington for King County. The notice in the exact form annexed was published in regular issues of the Renton Reporter (and not in supplement form) which was regularly distributed to its subscribers during the below stated period. The annexed notice, a: Public Notice was published on May 27, 2011. The full amount of the fee charged for said foregoing publication is the sum oC$84.00. // ' 'g,I Notary PublicA%r the State of Washington, Residing in Coving'ttm, Washington P. 0. Number: NOTICE OF APPEAL HEARI~G RE'\TON HEARING EXAMINER RENTOI\, WASHINGTON An arpeal Hearing will be held by the Renton Hearing Examiner in the Council Chambers on the seventh floor of Renton City Hall, 1055 South Grady Way, Renton, Washington, on June 13, 2011 at 9:00 a.m. to consider the following petitions Liberty Gardens Modified Preliminary Plat Appeal LUA08-093 Location. SE of 162nd St SF and SE 140th St. Appeal of En - vironmcntal Review threshold DNS-Mitigated Proposal is to subdivide an 8.95 acre site mto 46 sin!!le family lots The -public· hearing for the modification lO the Liberty Gardens Preliminary Plat will be heard immediately followmg the appeal hearing.!.egal descriptions of the files noted above are on file in the City Clerk's Office. Seventh Floor. City Hall. Renton. All interested persons arc invited to be present al the Public Hear- ing to express their opinions Questions should be directed Lo the Hearing Examiner at 425- 430-6515 Publshed in the Renton Reporter on May 27. 201 !.# 492940 2009.03.11 To Whom It May Concern: CARE -Community Alliance to Reach Out & Engage P.O. Box 2936 Renton. WA 98056 highlands_neighbors@hotmail.com 206.888.7152 CITY OF RENTON . "' L-'' ,.-. \} ,· " ' MAR 11 2009 ,' R.ECEIVED CITY CLERK'S OFFICE The following package is the CARE Response: Liberty Gardens LUAOB-093 for SEPA Appeal and Preliminary Plat Hearing 3/17/08. The only differences between this hardcopy package and the electronic version emailed to the parties on March 10, 2009 is that this one contains the full Addenda of additional documentation we submit for the record and corrections (removed duplicate listings and added one document) to the Proposed New Exhibits List. No other content changes have been made. Upon initial reading of the staff prepared Preliminary Report to the Hearing Examiner in this manner, it appears that CARE will need to make some amendments to the content of the record of our concerns at the Hearing in light of the new information now available in the Preliminary Report. These amendments are anticipated to be substantive only in light of the concerns that may be relieved in light of the staff recommendations, should they be affirmed and applied by the Hearing Examiner. If there are errors of fact or argument within our Response presentation, we look forward to correction at the Public Hearing scheduled for March 17, 2009. Please contact me with any comments. Thank you, ~!/4f~;11,_, -(~ f. -Gwendolyn High president CARE Response: Liberty Gardens LUA08-093 for SEPAAppeal and Preliminary Plat Hearing 3/17/08 Introduction Since November 2001. Community Alliance to Reach Out & Engage (CARE). a Washington State non-profit corporation representing over 500 households in the East Renton Plateau Potential Annexation Area, has been meeting with and recording the concerns of the residents impacted by ongoing development activity in our community. We have an established record of acting as a conduit for the valid concerns of owners and residents of this community to the elected officials and departments of the government entities who hold jurisdiction here. Gwendolyn High, our president, will represent CARE in this matter. Ms. High is a data analyst, programmer and information technology project manager. She is co-founder and current president of CARE and has led CARE's previous efforts as Intervenor in the in the matters of the Plat Applications for the Evendell (KC ODES file No. LD1 P0016 and L01TY401). Liberty Grove (KC DOES file No. L03P0006/L03TY403). Liberty Grove Contiguous (KC DOES file No. L03P0005/L03TY401). Nichols Place (KC DOES file No. L03P0015), Threadgill (KC ODES file No. L05P0026) and Heritage (KC DOES file No. L07P0009) subdivision projects. Though she currently serves as a Renton Planning Commissioner. her participation in these matters is entirely independent of that role. Debi Eberle will assist in proceedings in this matter. Ms. Eberle is our vice president. She is also a Washington State University King County Extension Watershed Steward and serves on the board of the Washington Land and Water Steward Association. CARE households own properties and reside in the community surrounding the proposed subdivision development. These owners/residents would be directly and adversely affected if the subject application is permitted and constructed according to the current proposal. CARE and its participant households are intensely concerned with protecting against physical damage to existing residences and properties as a result of site preparation, construction. and use associated with this development. Recent developments in the area have resulted in tens of thousands of dollars of damage to surrounding properties and incalculable heartache. Such impacts would harm these community members' interests in protecting their property values, along with their privacy and the quiet enjoyment of their property. CARE's participation in this matter is in the public interest. We are primarily interested in ensuring coordinated and responsible development of the community consistent with state and local laws and regulations. We bring historical experience and familiarity with the existing conditions of our community as well as the detailed understanding of the probable negative impacts that must be adequately mitigated. We provide documentation and evidence of the existing circumstances and context in which this project site is located. Our intent is to facilitate the appropriately thorough consideration of the facts that bear on this proposed project. We intend and request that any issue that might otherwise be excluded from consideration because of our inadvertent presentation out of its proper place (during the SE PA Appeal portion of the Hearing where is should be presented during the Plat Hearing phase or vis versa). shall be considered to be part of of the concerns we present as a whole and given appropriate weight under the correct heading. In this Response, we will present quotation/reference of documents followed by discussion and request for relief in the balance of this document. Most quotations/references are of/to documents already in the public/staff file for this applications. Additionally, we submit these new documents and excerpts of some existing documents for easy reference as addenda to this document. Page I Of 27 CARE Response: Liberty Gardens LUA08-093 for SEPAAppeal and Preliminary Plat Hearing 3/17/08 Proposed New Exhibits List DocName Date Time Author Finn Letter:RE: Liberty Gardens, 03/03108 Ed McCarthy PE PS Ed McCarthy PE PS Cavalla Development and Threadgill Plat Recommended Stormwater Mitigations (excerpt(s)) Report: SE 1441" Street Level 3 6/16107 Ed McCarthy PE PS Ed McCarthy PE PS Downstream Analysis for Threadgill, Cavalla and Liberty Gardens (excerpt(s)) , Email: RE: Level 3 Offsite Analysis Bruce Whittaker KC DOES Addendum0ct12,2007 'Email:Drainage Bypass Proposal 09126/07 David Petrie David Petrie . Report: Liberty Gardens Critical 11119104 Ed Sewell and Darcey B-12 Wetland Consulting Inc Areas Analysis Report & B. Miller Conceptual Mitigation Plan (excerp1(s)) Letter: RE: Resubmittal of 11122106 G. Wayne Potter Barghausen Consulting Engineers Additional Information and/or Studies Preliminary Plat of Liberty Gardens (excerpt(s)) Report: Conceptual Wetlands · 05116107 Chad Armour Chad Armour, LLC Mitigation Plan (revised) Liberty Gardens (excerpt(s)) Report: Conceptual Wetlands 05116107 Chad Armour Chad Armour, LLC Mitigation Plan 162·'d Avenue SE - Proposed Extension (excerpt(s)) CARE Surveys: Drainage Circulated Gwendolyn High 'CARE Questions for Neighbors Adjacent 711112008 to and/or Downstream of Liberty Gardens Email: Ritchey Note 12116107 Mike Ritchey Resident Email: Liberty Gardens 911 7108 Gwendolyn High ·CARE Email: RE: Urgent-Arterial 02/11/2008 Kristen Langley KC DOT Review Email: 12116107 7:04p 1.l!lllb~~·illl ~~Ill Resident m ' April 2008 15am Ave SE traffic 418108 KC DOT report File# 08-9143 ' Cavalla L06P0001 -Rescreening 01108107 Bruce Whittaker KC ODES , Comments Email:Cavalla Undated Bruce Whittaker KC DOES L06P0001 :Rescreening Issues Email: RE: L06P0001 712612007 · 1:25pm · Nick Gillen KC ODES Email:Re: Cavalla Plat L06P0001 712512007 9:49 Kristen Langley KC ODES am Email: RE: Public Disclosure : 02/25108 9:18 Kristen Langley KC DOT Request: ODES File Numbers AM · L04P0034 and L06P001 Emait:RE: Public Disclosure 02/28/08 Kristen Langley KC DOT Request: DOES File Numbers L04P0034 and L06P001 Email: RE: Public Disclosure 03104108 05:04: Matthew Nolan KC DOT Request: ODES File Numbers OOAM L04P0034 and L06P001 Notes: Cavalla Re-screening 04115/08 , Bruce Whittaker KC DOES KC Transportation Needs Report KCDOT 2008 1 CARE Annotated Assessor's Map Gwendolyn High CARE Page:?: Of 27 CARE Response: Liberty Gardens LUAOS-093 for SEPAAppeal and Preliminary Plat Hearing 3/17/08 Drainage DocName Date Letter:RE: Liberty Gardens, 03/03/08 Cavalla Development and Threadgill Plat Recommended Stormwater Mitigations Time Author Firm Page Para Ed McCarthy PE Ed McCarthy PE PS 2 3 PS "I conducted KCRTS simulations for the Cava Ila and Liberty Garens plats to estimate the stormwater detention volumes that would be required to meet Level 3 flow control standards (Attachment C), For Cavalla, I estimated a required storage volume of 132,300 cubic feet. For Liberty Gardens, I estimated a required storage volume of 114,600 cubic feet. These estimated volumes do not include a factor of safety which would increase the required volumes, nor do they account for the effects of required flow control BMPs, which would reduce the required storage volume ... " Mr McCarthy did not recalculate the required storage volume for the proposed vault in the 162°' Ave SE ROW (under the proposed extension of 162'' Ave SE). New analysis is necessary and must be required. DocName Report: SE 144'h Street Level 3 Downstream Analysis for Threadgill, Cavalla and Liberty · Gardens Date 6/16/07 Time Author Firm Ed McCarthy PE Ed McCarthy PE PS PS Page Para 2-8 3 and bullets "Roadway flooding along SE 144'h Street would be considered as "severe roadway flooding problem" according to the King County standards (King County DNRP, January 2005) due to the following conditions: • Between the intersection of 162" Avenue SE and 160'h Avenue SE driveway culverts along the ditch on the north side of SE 144'h Street would be overtopped. posing a threat of unsafe access due to indiscernible driveway edges. • Floodwater over the driveways on the north side of SE 144'' Street between 160'" Ave SE and CB-11A would be deeper than 0.5 foot, posing a severe impediment to emergency vehicle access. Doc Name Date Time Author Firm Page Para Letter RE Liberty 03/03/08 Ed McCarthy PE Ed McCarthy PE PS 1 3 Gardens, Cavalla .PS Development and Threadgill Plat Recommended Stormwater Mitigations "The presence of flooding driveway culverts would not create unreasonable difficulties for emergency access to the residences.' These two descriptions are completely contradictory. The assertion that the photos indicates new data on which to base this new opinion is not supported once the actual photos are inspected. The photos show neither flooding nor sufficient context by which to revise the evaluation (edges of drive surfaces or ditch to drive surface elevation changes). Certainly the candid snap shots can not outweigh the hydrological modeling underlying the original analysis. Perhaps the next documents cast light on the change of characterization. DocName Email: RE: Level 3 Offsite Analysis Addendum Oct 12, 2007 Date Time Author Firm Page Para Bruce Whittaker KC DOES Exchanges between Mr. Petrie and Mr. McCarthy between 9/24/07 and 9/27/07. Mr. Petrie persuades Mr. Page 3 Of27 CARE Response: Liberty Gardens LUA08-093 for $EPA Appeal and Preliminary Plat Hearing 3/17/08 McCarthy to change professional opinions previously submitted to KC staff with the promise of pay for services rendered. DocName Email:Drainage Bypass Proposal Date 09/26/07 Time Author David Petrie Firm Page Para David Petrie 1 1 "Page two, listing " -issues of concern" could be easily modified with an optimistic flavor without losing content." Doubt is cast on all of the work submitted by the otherwise well regarded Mr. McCarthy. Inconsistencies in materials submitted by him must be held to increased scrutiny, particularly when the safety and property of the public is at stake. DocName Date Time · Author Firm Page 'Para Letter: RE: Liberty 03/03/08 'Ed McCarthy PE Ed McCarthy PE PS 3 , last Gardens, Cavalla PS Development and Threadgill Plat Recommended Stormwater Mitigations [offers recommendations to fix outstanding drainage issues to the adjacent properties on SE 142"' Place via stormwater conveyance upgrade and connection of the Gragg property to sewer] " ... Please note that the applicants for the proposed plats willingly off the mitigations that would benefit the property owners along SE 142'" Place provided that the mitigations can be designed and implemented without incurring unreasonable delays that may be confronted in acquiring construction easements, permits and other construction-related authorizations." Basically, the applicant proposes to do the right thing if it does not cause any delay. Considering the track record of this application in terms of timely and complete application materials, this is an unreasonable risk to the affected property owners and a virtual guarantee that the proposed improvements will never occur unless required outright as a condition of the plat application. Relief for the residents/owners of the SE 142"' Place properties must be required for approval of this application. , DocName Report: Liberty Gardens Critical Areas Analysis Report & Conceptual Mitigation Plan Date 11/19/04 Time , Author . Ed Sewell and Darcey B. Miller Finm 8-12 Wetland Consulting Inc Page Para 1 4 "Ed Sewell of B-twelve marked the wetland edges and the centerline of the stream on site on September 12, 2001. Darcey Miller verified the delineation on September 28, 2004." Site visit at end of water year (driest possible time) in both cases. In light of extensive wetlands and streams, site review under other than ideal conditions is only reasonable. DocName Date Letter: RE: Resubmittal of 11/22/06 Additional Information and/ or Studies Preliminary Plat of Liberty Gardens Time Author Firm G. Wayne Potter · Barghausen : Consulting Engineers Page 4 Para : [KC staff request for additional information from 5/24/05] " ... flagging for Wetland C is no longer there. Wetland C will need to be re-flagged and verified ... " '[Barghausen response] " ... A report on the impacts of Liberty Gardens frontage improvements is being prepared by Chad Armour, LLC and will be submitted under separate cover letter ... " Page 4 Of 27 CARE Response: Liberty Gardens LUAOS-093 for SEPAAppeal and Preliminary Plat Hearing 3/17/08 DocName Date Report: Conceptual 05/16/07 Wetlands Mitigation Plan (revised) Liberty Gardens DocName Report: Conceptual Wetlands Mitigation Plan 162°d Avenue SE - Proposed Extension Date 05/16/07 Time Author Firm Page Para Chad Armour Chad Armour, LLC Time Author Firm Page Para Chad Armour Chad Armour, LLC No record or other indication that Wetland C was ever reflagged or verified, Re/lagging and verification is necessary and must be required, DocName Report: Liberty Gardens : Critical Areas Analysis , Report & Conceptual Mitigation Plan Date 11/19/04 Time Author Firm Page Para Ed Sewell and B-12 Wetland 6 Section Darcey 8, Miller Consulting Inc 5,1 Description of the 20' roadway bridge originally proposed to cross the stream for the proposed extension of 162"' Ave SE, DocName Cava/la L06P0001 - Rescreening Comments "22' width not wide enough can't grade into stream Date 01/08/07 needs reasonable use approval" Time Author 'Firm Bruce Whittaker KC DOES Page Para Critical Areas Not only did KC staff change the roadway width to a minimum of 22 feet, but the stream was to be culverted -not bridged. Even as proposed here, the retaining walls shown on plans for the eastern side, but not the western side, so the required 6' gravel shoulder will be graded into and impact the wetland/stream buffer on the western side. Also, note KC staff's note that grading into a stream is forbidden. This wetland mitigation proposal is utterly obsolete. A new and complete analysis is necessary and must be required. DocName Report: Liberty Gardens Critical Areas Analysis Report & Conceptual Mitigation Plan Date 11/19/04 Time Author Ed Sewell and Darcey B. Miller Firm B-12 Wetland Consulting Inc Page Para 6 last "The mitigation opportunities on site are very limited, as the maJority of the site is densely forested. DocName Date Time Author Firm Page Para Report: Conceptual 05/16107 Chad Armour Chad Armour, LLC Wetlands Mitigation Plan (revised) Liberty Gardens "As you will recall, we chose the fee-in-lieu option to mitigate for the unavrndable impacts to wetlands because the area available on the site for mitigation is the location of a mature forest." DocName Date Time Author Firm Page Para Page 5 Of 27 CARE Response: Liberty Gardens LUAOB-093 for SEPAAppeal and Preliminary Plat Hearing 3/17/08 Report: Conceptual Wetlands Mitigation Plan 162" Avenue SE - Proposed Extension 05/16/07 Chad Amnour Chad Armour, LLC "We also understand that because there is not enough area available on site to make up for unavoidable impacts, additional mitigation will use the Mitigation Reserves Program." --------- Since this site has been annexed into the City of Renton, the King County Mitigation Reserves Program is no longer available for fee-in-lieu of mitigation. Much has changed since this report submitted. Current preliminary plat map shows greatly increased impacts to streams and buffers. This report does not consider tightlining the stream in the 162nd Ave SE ROW as currently proposed. The tree retention/replacement calculations from 11/6/06 Tree Retention Plan do not match the plans received 5/2/08. Both attempt to take credit for retaining an off-site tree. DocName CARE Surveys: Drainage Questions for Neighbors Adjacent to and/or Downstream of Liberty Gardens Date Circulated 7/11/2008 Time Author Gwendolyn High Firm CARE Page : Para Richard and Teri Langdon -14201 164'h Ave SE: Severe flooding (inside home/crawlspace) and extensive drainage improvements DocName Email: Ritchey Note Date 12/16/07 Time Author Mike Ritchey Firm Resident [email submitted for the Threadgill application, but the facts are relevant] Page , Para " ... We live at 14225 164th Ave SE to the south of the Liberty ball fields. There is 5 acres to our north that they want to develop and we are very concerned for traffic and water run off. A number of years ago they made an attempt to develop the acreage and in doing so caused the water flows to change and ourselves and neighbors had water under our homes. None had water prior to the skinning of the lots ... " Surface water runoff from the Liberty Gardens site already causes significant impacts to adjacenUdownstream property owners. : DocName Email: Liberty Gardens Date 9/1 7/08 Time Author Firm : Page Para Gwendolyn High CARE CARE documented the existence of a stream exiting the Liberty Gardens site at the southeast corner not previously disclosed by any materials submitted by the applicant. None of the materials submitted by the applicant acknowledges any drainage issues from the southeastern corner of the site, yet considerable evidence and testimony indicates otherwise. New drainage analysis is necessary and must be required. TrafficfTransportation 'DocName : CARE Surveys: · TrafficfTransportation Questions for Residents Affected by Liberty Gardens Date Circulated 7/11/2008 Time Author Firm Gwendolyn High CARE Page Para 1-8 Page 6 Of '27 CARE Response: Liberty Gardens LUA08-093 for SEPAAppeal and Preliminary Plat Hearing 3/17/08 DocName Email: Ritchey Note Date 12/16/07 Time Author Mike Ritchey Firm Resident [email submitted for the Threadgill application. but the facts are relevant] " ... We live at 14225164thAve SE to the south of the Liberty ball fields .. Page Para We are also very concerned about pushing 164th Ave SE through and the increased amount of traffic. We have lived in our home since we built it in 1990. We get a lot of traffic during the ball season when people park and walk into the Liberty ball fields. The parking in front of our home and neighbors leads to the dumping of ash trays, garbage and the blocking of the mail boxes for deliveries. " The residents surrounding the proposed project site are very concerned about traffic impacts. DocName Report: Traffic Impact Analysys for Threadgill/Cavalla/Liberty Gardens Written 10/31/2006 Date 10/31/2006 Time Author Gary A. Norris, PE PTOE Firm Page Para DN Traffic Consultants Cover It was submitted over two years ago. and the underlying data on which it relies is even older. DocName Report: Traffic Impact Analysys for Threadgill/Cavalla/Liberty Gardens Date 10/31/2006 "The plat of Cavalla is proposed for 34 lots." Time Author Gary A. Norris, PE PTOE :Firm Page Para · DN Traffic Consultants 1 last Cavalla is now proposed for at least 36 lots and the possibility of the use of Transfer of Development Right density bonuses has been under discussion which could raise the total number of units to as many as 50. DocName Report: Traffic Impact Analysys for Threadgill/Cavalla/Liberty Gardens Threadgill site plan Date 10/31/2006 Time Author Gary A. Norris, PE PTOE Firm Page Para DN Traffic Consultants Figure 2 The Threadgill site plan is now longer as represented in this TIA. The recorded site plan is obsolete. DocName Report: Traffic Impact Analysys for ThreadgilllCavalla/Liberty Gardens Cavalla site plan Date 10/31/2006 Time Author Gary A. Norris, PE PTOE Firm Page Para DN Traffic Consultants Figure 3 The Cavalla site plan is now longer as represented in this TIA. The recorded site plan is obsolete. This TIA is based on original site plans for the related Threadgill and Cavalla projects which Jointly propose construction of 162'd Ave SE to intersect with SE 144'h St. Both of those projects have been redesigned, yet the changes in traffic impacts have never been reevaluated. Page 7 Of '27 CARE Response: Liberty Gardens LUA08·093 for SEPAAppeal and Preliminary Plat Hearing 3/17/08 DocName Report: Traffic Impact Analysys for Threadgill/Cavalla/Liberty Gardens Date Time Author 10/31/2006 Gary A. Norris, PE PTOE Firm , Page Para ON Traffic Consultants 4 3 "All three plats are expected to be fully occupied by 2008, which for the purposes of this analysis is assumed to be the horizon year." Construction has not begun on any of the three proposed projects. Another critical technical assumption upon which the traffic impact analysis depends is obsolete. , DocName Date Time Author Firm Page Para Report: Traffic Impact 10/31/2006 Gary A. Norris, ON Traffic Consultants 4 last Analysys for PE PTOE Threadgill/Cavalla/Liberty Gardens "160th AVE SE is a two-lane neighborhood collector ... " DocName Date Time .Author Firm Page 'Para Report: Traffic Impact 10/31/2006 Gary A. Norris, · ON Traffic Consultants 7 2 Analysys for PE PTOE Threadgill/Cavalla/Liberty Gardens "SE 136th ST, in the vicinity of the plat. is a two-way local access street" DocName Date Time , Author Firm Page Para Email: RE: Urgent -Arterial 02/11/2008 Kristen Langley KC DOT Review SE 136th St and 150• Ave SE are proposed to be reclassified as arterials Major access roads for the site are incorrectly characterized by the TIA. SE 136'h St and 150• Ave SE were proposed to be reclassified as arterials in the most recent Functional Arterial Reclassification update to the King County Comprehensive Plan, but all the the SE 136'h St segment and most of the 160" Ave SE segment under discussion were annexed into the City of Renton with the August 11, 2008 Liberty Annexation and thus were excluded from the 2008 King County Comp Plan update. Nonetheless, the actual circumstances of the transportation infrastructure to be impacted by the proposed plat are incorrectly represented in the TIA. CARE participated as official recognized Intervenor before the King County Hearing Examiner for the Evendell, Nichols Place, Liberty Grove, Liberty Grove Contiguous, and Threadgill plats. In each of these decisions, traffic mitigations required by King County have proven insufficient within five years of first occupancy of these projects (some are still under construction -so they can not have yet had an impact on area intersections). Construction of SE 136'h ST to Subcollector Street (Urban) Standard between 160" AVE SE and 155• AVE SE was required, but already it has already been proposed to be reclassified as a Collector Arterial. Improvements to 1 so• AVE SE were also required to the Subcollector Street (Urban) Standard, and again it has already been proposed to be reclassified as a Collector Arterial. During the Evendell hearing, CARE asked for stop signs at the intersection of SE 136'' St and 158" Ave SE. We were assured that mitigation recommendations were more than adequate. Stop signs at the corner of SE 136" St and 158'h AVE SE have now been installed due to high speed, high volume and accidents from the beginning occupation of the Evendell project. "No Parking" signs have also been recently installed at this intersection due to poor sight lines contributing greater danger to the above listed issues. Additionally, the intersection of SE 136'h St and 156• AVE SE was constructed as an alternative to the identified need for improvements to the HAL intersection of SE 128'h St and 160'h AVE SE. This new intersection debuted with an LOS F and continues to be a very dangerous intersection and a grave concern to the community. The sentiment in the community that a brand new dangers are being created with these sub-standard new intersections instead of improvements to known dangers being required can be described as nothing other than outrage. Page 8 Of 27 CARE Response: Liberty Gardens LUAOS-093 for SEPAAppeal and Preliminary Plat Hearing 3/17/08 DocName Report: Traffic Impact Analysys for Threadgill/Cavalla/Liberty Gardens Date 10131 /2006 Time Author Gary A. Norris, PE PTOE Firm Page Para DN Traffic Consultants 7 Last "The existing AM and PM peak hour traffic volumes at the analysis intersections was determined from AM and PM peak period turning movement counts collected during Oct 2006." DocName Date Time Author Firm Report: Traffic Impact 10/31/2006 Gary A. Norris, DN Traffic Consultants Analysys for PE PTOE Threadgill/Cavalla/Liberty Gardens "2008 Without ProJect Level of Service" DocName Date Time Author Firm Report: Traffic Impact 10/3112006 Gary A. Norris, DN Traffic Consultants Analysys for PE PTOE · Threadgill/Cavalla/Liberty Gardens "156th AVE SEISE 136th St -Zero accidents in the 3 year analysis period" DocName Email: Date 12/16107 Time Author Firm 7 04p smlth5124@aim c Resident m Qm Page Para 10 Table 2 Page Para 12 Table 3 Page Para " ... I was hit at the intersection 01136th and 158'h .. that was Jan. 3" before the stop signs were put up on 136'h. We were almost hit there again last week ... " The traffic counts recorded are prior to lull occupation of the Evendell, Nichol's Place, Liberty Grove and Liberty Grove Contiguous projects. The "3 year analysis period" was prior to the construction of SE 136" St between 156'h Ave SE and 160'h Ave SE. There was no street, so there were no accidents. The last house at Evendell was not occupied until late 2008, and Liberty Grove and Liberty Grove Contiguous are still under construction today. ·DocName Report: Traffic Impact Analysys for Threadgill/Cavalla/Liberty Gardens Date Time . Author 10/31/2006 Gary A. Norris, PE PTOE Firm Page Para DN Traffic Consultants 15 Trip Distrib ution " ... northbound traffic on 160th Avenue SE destined westbound on SE 128'h Street is expected to head west on SE 136'h St to access the signal at the 156" Avenue SE/SE 128'h Street intersection rather than head north on 160"· Ave SE ... " DocName Date Time Author Firm Page Para April 2008 158'h Ave SE 418/08 KC DOT traffic report File# 08-9143 Despite assertions to the contrary for this, Evendell and other projects made by this consultant. people do take 160th Ave SE and 158th and Ave SE instead of SE 136th St to get to SE 128th St. The heavy volumes and high speeds are further documented in the above referenced proposal for functional arterial reclassification. Page 9 Of 27 CARE Response: Liberty Gardens LUA08-093 for SEPAAppeal and Preliminary Plat Hearing 3/17/08 On several aspects of the proposed project, King County staff has echoed our concerns in internal communications, yet failed to address these concerns in any of their recommend mitigations. In fact, King County entered a SEPA Determination of Non Significance for the Liberty Gardens proposal which Renton subsequently rescinded as inadequate/inappropriate. DocName Cavalla L06P0001 - Rescreening Comments "22' width not wide enough can't grade into stream Date 01/08/07 needs reasonable use approval" Time Author Firm Page Para Bruce Whittaker KC ODES 1 Critical Areas 22' width for the proposed extension of 162" Ave SE is all that KC staff ever recommended or that applicant ever proposed despite the fact that such narrow width is acknowledged to be inadequate mitigate the impacts of the new plats and thus is a violation of the King County Roads Standards. . DocName Email:Cavalla L06P0001 :Rescreening Issues Date Undated Time Author Firm Bruce Whittaker KC ODES " ... the whole subdivision feasibility may not work unless Nick [Gillen] agrees to mitigation ... " Page Para 1 There is no documentation of increased drainage mitigation to address the impacts of the proposed extension of 162" SE through the wetlands and streams. DocName : Email: RE: L06P0001 Date Time Author 7/26/2007 1:25p Nick Gillen m 'Firm • Page Para ,KC DOES 1 " ... It was my understanding that we are going to ask for a revision (road built to road standards) ... " KC Staff again acknowledges that changes to the originally proposed extension of 162" Ave SE did not meet the King County Road Standards, yet the applicant has never submitted any revisions to the original plans. DocName Date !Time Author Firm Page : Para Email:Re: Cavalla Plat 7/25/2007 ; 9:49 Kristen Langley KC DOES 1 From L06P0001 .am . Steve i Foley " ... if the county were to consider a capital project on SE 144•, the size, cost and complexity suggest that wit would probably take years for it to be built. .. lf we were to do a CIP here it looks like it would be a large CIP, not a NDAP. Some more limited downstream improvement by the developers might make sense than an uncertain KC project. I tend to favor a downstream fix if feasible rather than just doing Level 3 flow control.' No staff could be more knowledgeable than Mr. Foley in regard to the the intent and letter of the King County Drainage Manual, as he is a principle author of that standard. His analysis points out that there is a systemic inadequacy in the drainage conveyance systems downstream of Liberty Gardens and that even Level 3 flow control is inadequate to mitigate the expected impacts. Nonetheless, DOES staff failed to recommend any additional mitigation and the applicant failed to propose any. The unusual and historically problematic hydrological/drainage circumstances in which this site is located are well documented and fully support the additional drainage mitigation requirements that Renton staff has required via the newly issued SEPA MONS. : DocName Date Time , Author Firm Page Para 9: 18 Kristen Langley AM KC DOT · Email RE Public 02/25/08 · Disclosure Request: DOES 1 4 Page JO Of 27 CARE Response: Liberty Gardens LUA08~093 for SEPAAppeal and Preliminary Plat Hearing 3/17/08 File Numbers L04P0034 and L06P001 "The alignment proposed by Barghausen, with this first submittal, has a sag vertical curve shortly before its intersection with SE 144" that may be shorter than KCRS in order to provide a KC RS-compliant intersection landing." KC staff says that it is virtually impossible for both the intersection landing and the sag vertical curve standards to both be met at this location. In order to meet one standard, the other must be sacrificed. This is grossly inappropriate from a safety point of view. Doc Name Date Email RE Public 02/25/08 Disclosure Request: ODES File Numbers L04P0034 and L06P001 Time Author 09:18 Kristen Langley :DO AM Firm Page Para KC DOT 1 5 " ... these off-site improvements have to have a minimum of 22-feet paved width, curb/gutter/sidewalk on one [east] side (for pedestrians and to control stormwater). The half-street standard is limited to serving as primary · access to "35 lots", and in my assessment has come up to approximately 40-45 trip ends use the off-site section of the roadway in the PM peak hour." From the King County Roads Standards: Page II Of27 CARE Response: Liberty Gardens LUA08-093 for SEPAAppeal and Preliminary Plat Hearing 3/17/08 2.03(8) Urban Local Access Roadways· (Curb Roadway Section) Classification Neighborhood Subcollectors Sub access Mi nor Ace es s Collectors Access Restricted, Lots front As needed with SUbaccess streets are Permanent cul-de-sacs on local access street some restrictions.' not suPPortive of or short loops wilh low where feasible. through traffic. traffic volumes !hat Generally permanent provide mculation and cul-de-sacs er short access to off-slreel loop' slreets Iha! parlling within I connect to residential development subcollectors. limits. Public or Private Public StreelS Public Streets Public Streets Public or Privale (See Section 2.06) . Serving Potential Number of Over 101}' I 100 Maximum• I 50 Maximum 16 Maximum Lots or Dwelling Units Design Speed 5 35mph 30 mph Low Speed Curve Low Speed Curve (See (See Section 2.10) Section 2.10) Max Superelevation See Section 2.04B See Section 2.04B See Section 2.04B See Section 2 04B ttorlzontat Curvature See Table 2. 2 See Table 2. 2 Low Speed Curve Low Speed Curve (See i (See Section 2.10) Section 2.10) I Maximum Grade' 11% I 12% I 12% 12% Minimum Stopping Sight See Table 2.2 ;:,ee Table 2.2 150 feet 150feet Distance Minimum Entering Sight See Table 2.2 . . . Distance I Typical Traveled Way 22 feel' 22 feet 22feel 22 feet Typical Roadway Width I 32 fee1 7 28feel 24 feel 22 feet Minimum Right,of-Way Width : i 56 feet 48 feel 40 feet' 40 feet' , Minimum Half Street Width ! 20 feet 20 feet 20 teeJ 20 feet Minimum One Way Paved 20 feet 20 teet 20 feet 20 feel , Width Minimum Sidewalk Width I See Section 3. 02 See Section 3.02 See Section 3.02 See Section 3.02 j Curb Type Verlical Vertical'/Rollad Verlical/Rolled Vertical/Rolled 1 See Section 2.20 for urban exceptions. Also. when Section 2.20 applies the curbing shall be vertical. 2 See Section 2.15 for one-way loops. 3 See Section 2.20 for res1denhal access connection requirements. 4 See Section 2.20 for urban exception criteria. 5 Designs-peed is a basis for determining geometric elements and does not imply posted or ,egally pennissible speed. 6 Maximum grade may be exceeded for short distances. See Section 2.11. 7 Neighborh~d collt!ctor:, intersecting with arterials shall be 36 fee! wide for the first 150 foet. Sc::e Section 4.05 for tapers. 'The right-of-way width may be reduced to minimum roadway width plus stnnn drainage, sidewalk, and one-foot beyond road improvements including sidewalks, provided that the curbing is vertical, the minimum clear znne requirements are met, and all poten!ial serving utilities are accommodated within Page 12 Of27 CARE Response: Liberty Gardens LUAOB-093 for SEPAAppeal and Preliminary Plat Hearing 3/17/08 2.20 Exception for Maximum Dwelling Units on Urban Subcollectors Proposed subcollectors serving new urban area developments with an average density of seven to eight dwelling units per acre and that meet the access requirements of Section 2.19 may serve up to 250 dwelling units, if approved by the Development Engineer. ln this situation, the curbing shall be vertical. Prior to approval, the applicant must submit a traffic circulation study demonstrating a balanced traffic flow ofless than 1500 vehicles per day past any access point. Street trees shall be mandatory along subcollectors serving higher densities of seven to eight dwelling units per acre and shall be in conforrrnmce with Section 5.03. Based on the known number of dwelling units for which 162'' Ave SE will serve as access, Urban Subcollector is not an appropriate road classification for the extension. Primary Access Threadgill Cavalla Liberty Gardens Liberty Lane McKendry Thatcher Wilmot 15 34 37 12 1 1 1 101 So even at a bare minimum, the half-street and the proposed classification are both inappropriate. But even more traffic must be expected. Plus possible new connections to existing lots: Lee 1 McNair 1 Mohr _1 3 Trips from Liberty Grove lots: 34 and lots north of 136": 18 52 Brendan -to develop: 35 Reasonable expectation: 191 An exception under section 2.20 is not available to this project because this area is zoned for 4 DUs per acre with a maximum fully developed density of 6 DUs per acre (which would require TDRs) and with existing large lots can not be expected to achieve the required 7 to 8 DUs per acre in the foreseeable future. From the King County Roads Standards: Page 13 Of27 CARE Response: Liberty Gardens LUA08-093 for SEPAAppeal and Preliminary Plat Hearing 3/17/08 2.07 Half Streets A. A half street, figure 2-009, may be permitted as an interim facility when: 3. Traveled way shall be surfaced the same as the designated road type to a widlh not less than 20 feet, sidewalk shall be constructed as required for the desi =ated road tvne· and 6. The intersection of a half street shall be improved to full width standards, Sidewalks are required on half streets. Half street intersections must be built to full width standards. Yet, the Preliminary Road Improvements Plan still shows only a half street intersection. DocName Date Time Author Firm Page Para Email: RE: Public . 02/25/08 09:18 Kristen Langley KC DOT 1 6 Disclosure Request: DOES :00 File Numbers L04P0034 AM and L06P001 "So, we acknowledge that the criteria for half-street isn't appropriate, and have established (already , in the case of the SEPA for Threadgill) that the cumulative impact of the pending applications require something greater than half-street, but, the volumes don't rise to 'full-width' as an offsite (KCRS 1.03A)." DocName Date Email:RE: Public Disclosure 02/28/08 Request: ODES File Numbers L04P0034 and L06P001 "MINIMUM of 22-feet paving" Time Author Firm Page Para · Kristen Langley KC DOT 1 5 "Something greater than the minimum" is the the binding standard to be met. Provision of infrastructure to protect the safety and welfare of the public is what is necessary. DocName Date Time Author Firm Page Para Email: RE: Public 02/25/08 09:18 Kristen Langley KC DOT 2 5 Disclosure Request: ODES :00 , File Numbers L04P0034 AM and L06P001 [discussing possibility of increased parking and access to the High School ballfields and park via 164 Ave SEJ " ... Even if they were successful, it would change the fundamental assumptions of the TIAs prepared to date - and, they (the District) could reasonably be expected to be responsible (DOES, if still in the unincorporated area) for some of these off-site improvements to 162"' Avenue SE, and. might have to construct widening above and beyond the minimum 22-feet already contemplated." KC staff agrees that if improvements are made for increased parking and access to the School ballfields and park via 164 Ave SE, the very impacts (inexperienced drivers and high volumes at night on a steep sloop with inadequate intersection landing and inadequate intersection spacing) that we have argued all along will not only exist indeed. but that the TIA so far submitted do not address these impacts. With the City of Renton's requirement of exactly these improvements to 164" Ave SE, the inadequacy of the TIA has come to pass. An entirely new and complete TIA must be required. Page 14 Of 27 CARE Response: Liberty Gardens LUAOB-093 for SEPAAppeal and Preliminary Plat Hearing 3/17/08 From the King County Roads Standards: CHAPTER 3. DRIVEWAYS, SIDEWALKS, BIKEWAYS, TRAILS 3.02 Concrete Sidewalks Sidewalks shall be required and construc:ted on urban category, curb and gutter type streets, Figures 2-002 and 2-00:1, unless otherwise allowed by these Standards or the County Road Engineer. 'They shall be located and constructed as follows: I. On all arterials, neighborhood collectors, subcollectors, suhaccess, attached dwelling, business access streets, and industrial access streets, both oid"S. 7. Sidewalks shall be a minimum width of 5 feet on residential access streets and arterials. Minimum sidewalk width shall be six and one-half feet on arterials if curb is next to traveled lane. Sidewalks shall be a minimum width of eight feet on commcrc1al access streets. Doc Name Date Email:RE: Public Disclosure 02/28/08 Request: ODES File Numbers L04P0034 and L06P001 Time Author Kristen Langley Firm Page Para KC DOT 1 4 ·' ... the extension provides for an improved (curb/gutter/sidewalk) walkway route for school-aged pedestrians for all the subdivisions: Liberty Gardens, Cavalla and Threadgill to the middle school in the area." DocName Date Time Author Firm Page Para Email: RE: Public 03/04/08 05:04 'Matthew Nolan KC DOT 1 From Disclosure Request: DOES :00 Kristen File Numbers L04P0034 AM Langley and L06P001 " ... Threadgill, Cavall, LG --are required to install curb, gutter and sidewalk on the frontage, AND, as with Threadgill, will be expected to provide curb, gutter and sidewalk on the common-off-site-to-all-three plats for the portion of 162nd Ave SE that was required for Threadgill as (a1) a condition of SEPA (a2) a condition needed to provide adequate school walkways to Maywood Middle School (b) will be required for Cavalla and LG as (b1) potential SEPA conditions (b2) in lieu of an, in our opinion, an unapprovable Varinace to a long dead-end roadway, and (b3) a condition of approval needed to provide adequate school walkways to Maywood Middle School. .. " DocName Date 04/15/08 Time Author Firm Notes: Cavalla Re- screening "New road standards/need sidewalk on both sides. Show sidewalk on full frontage"' Bruce Whittaker KC ODES Page Para 1 Despite the obvious need and the documented impact of all three proposed plats. the proposed walkway improvements for the extended 162'' Ave SE are still discontinuous, inconsistent and wholly inadequate to serve the real needs for this location. Please see the CARE Annotated Assessor's Map for details of the proposed walkway improvements (and gaps). Further troubling, there are no walkway improvements whatsoever proposed for the children walking along SE 144" ST to Page J50f27 CARE Response: Liberty Gardens LUAOB-093 for SEPAAppeal and Preliminary Plat Hearing 3/17(08 Maywood Middle School. DocName Report: Traffic Impact Analysys for Threadgill/Cavalla/Liberty Gardens Date 10/31/2006 Planned and Programmed Improvements DocName Date Time Author Gary A. Norris, PE PTOE Time Author Firm Page Para DN Traffic Consultants 11 Page Para ' KC Transportation Needs . Report 2008 Firm KCDOT SPP-4 ,018 'and SPP-4 019 SPP-4018 SE 144~ St and 168th Ave SE Pedestrian Improvement: Install Crosswalk overhead light SPP-4019 SE 144th St from 168'" Ave SE to 177'" Ave SE Pedestrian Improvement: Construct walkway The TIA fails to mention existing locations of known projects on the adopted King County Transportation Needs Report for pedestrian improvements for the school children walking to Maywood Middle School which will be adversely impacted by traffic from the proposed project. This is a major omission. Furthermore, the TIA fails to inspect, document or predict the impacts to any intersection on SE 144'" -neither the proposed new intersection of 162"' Ave SE nor the increased traffic that will result with improved access to the unimproved parkland and the Liberty High School ball fields that will result from the required improvements to 164'" Ave SE or the impacts along the school walkway of SE 144th St from the project to Maywood Middle School. Because the TIA presents no intersection analysis for any intersection on SE 144th ST, it must be considered incomplete and a new TIA must be required. From the King County Roads Standards: 2. Subcollectors Subcollector streets are the second highest in the local roadway classification hierarchy. Subcollectors provide circulation within neighborhoods and typically connect to neighborhood collectors. Although they typically allow direct driveway access there are some project related exceptions. Page 16 Of 27 CARE Response: Liberty Gardens LUA08-093 for SEPAAppeal and Preliminary Plat Hearing 3/17/08 Table 2.2 Urban Residential Access Streets Design Values Design Speed (mph) 25 30 35 Horizontal Curvature, for 6% 135 215 320 Superelevation, Radius (Ft.) Horizontal Curvature, for 4% 145 230 345 I i . Superelevation, Radius (Ft) Horizontal Curvature, for 2% 155 250 375 Superelevation, Radius (Ft.) Horizontal Curvature, Normal Crown 180 300 460 Section, Radius (Fl.) Stopping Sight Distance (FL) 155 200 250 Entering Sight Distance (Ft.) 280 335 390 ' Page 17 Of:27 CARE Response: Liberty Gardens LUA08-093 for SEPAAppeal and Preliminary Plat Hearing 3/17/08 2.10 Intersections and Low-Speed Cuives A. Intersections I. Angle of intersection (measured at IO feet beyond road classification right-of-way) 2. Minimum c<-'!1lerline radius (2-lane) (radii are for minor or subaccess streets) 3. Minimum curb radius a. Arterials and roads classified neighborhood collector or higher: b. Residential access street intersections where the highest classification involved is subcollector: 4. Minimum right-of-way line radius: Minimum 85 degrees Maximum 95 degrees 55 feet 35 feet 25 feet 25 feet B. Spacing between adjacent intersecting streets, whether crossing or T-connecting, shall be as follows: When highest classification involved is: Principal arterial Minor arterial Collector arterial Neighborhood collector Any lesser street cla~sification Minimum centerline offset shall he: 1,000 feet 500 feet 300 feet 150 feet 100 feet SE 144" St is an Arterial Collector according to the 2006 Arterial Classification Map. The proposed intersection of 162"' Ave SE with SE 144" St requires that there to be a minimum of 300 feet spacing to the next intersection. Centerline of 162" Ave SE ROW to centerline of 161" Se on the north side of Se 144• St is 177.42 feet. Centerline of 162" Ave SE ROW to centerline of 161" Se on the south side of Se 144" St is approximately 135 feet. SE 162" Ave SE extension to and intersection with SE 144'h St as proposed violates the basic King County road standards specifications and must be denied. If SE 162°' Ave SE extension to and intersection with SE 144" St is to be required, per KCC 14.42.060.C it was the responsibility of the applicant to have applied for a variance before this application came to hearing. No variance was sought. From the King County Roads Standards: Pagel80f27 CARE Response: Liberty Gardens LUA08~093 for SEPAAppeal and Preliminary Plat Hearing 3/17/08 2.11 Maximum Grade and Grade Transitions A. Maximum roadway grade as shown in Sections 2.02 and 2.03 may be exceeded for short distances of 300 feet or less, upon showing that no practical alternative exists. Grades greater than 15 percent that exceed the 300-foot distance must be approved by the County Road Engineer through the road variance process. Additionally, the maximum grade shall not exceed I 5 percent unless verification is ohtained from the Fire Marshal that additional fire protect10n requirements will he met and the applicant's engineer must demonstrate what method will be used to ensure drainage will he controlled. Grades exceeding 12 percent shall he paved with hot mix asphalt (HMA) or portland cement concrete (PCC). B. Grade transitions shall be constructed as smooth vertical curves, without angle points, except in intersections where the difference in h'fade is one percent or less and upon approval of the County Road Engineer or Development Engineer. 2.12 Stopping Sight Distance t\.. Stopping Sight Distance (SSD) is the sum of two distances: the distance traveled during perception and reaction time and the distance required to stop the vehicle. The perception and reaction time used in design is 2.5 seconds. 1 On residential access street intersections where the 11.lghest classification involved is a subcollector, the minimum curb radius is 25 feel The stopping sight distance is calculated using a constant deceleration rate of 11.2 feet/second2 • SSD, see Tables 2.1 and 2.2, applies to street classifications as shown in Sections 2.02 and 2.03. B. Available stopping sight distance is calculated for a passenger car using an eye height of3.50 feet and an object height of0.50 foot. Although AASHTO allows a 2-foot object height, a 0.50-foot object height is used because ohjects with a height between 0.5-foot and 2 feet may be perceived as hazards that would likely result in an erratic maneuver. C. When calculating stopping sight distance, use h 1=3.50 feet and h2=0.50 foot. D. The grade of the roadway has an effect on the vehicle's stopping sight distance. The stopping distance is increased on downgrades and decreased on upgrades. When evaluating sight distance with a changing h'fade, use the grade for which the longest sight distance is needed. Road grades other than those shown in cxhihit 2-l must be interpolated. Page 19 Of'27 CARE Response: Liberty Gardens LUA08-093 for SEPAAppeal and Preliminary Plat Hearing 3/17/08 Exhibit 2-1. Stopping Sight Distance on Grades DOWNGRADE DESIGN SPEED (MPH) 3 Percent 6 Percent 9 Percent F. 60 598 638 686 55 520 553 594 50 446 474 507 45 378 401 428 40 315 333 354 35 258 271 288 30 205 215 227 25 158 165 173 20 116 120 126 Intersecting Stopping Sight Distance. I. Stopping sight distances for the design speeds of proposed commercial access streets, neighborhood collector streets and arterials must be met when intersecting arterials. 2. The minimum stopping sight distance on proposed intersc1ction approaches for all other access to intersecting roadways shall be 125 feet. In light of the stopp·,ng distances listed in the King County Roads Standards, we also have considerable concern that the reverse slope (roughly 2%) between the bottom of the 12 % grade and the proposed intersection of SE 144" is only about 150 feet as proposed. In the chart above, the minimum stopping distance for a 9% grade at 30 miles an hour is 227 feet. This circumstance begs the conclusion that the proposed intersection of 162" Ave SE and SE 144" St must be considered a particularly dangerous proposal. Additionally, we find no consideration of the traffic flow patterns from the retail enterprise of Alpine Nursery, located at the corner of 144th and 161 ", whose customers often arrive in very large vehicles or with trailers. Since the submitted TIA failed to analyze any intersection on SE 144" St, there is no indication of what kind of turn lane, turn pocket, signage or other safety mitigations should be required for the safe and smooth function of SE 144th St after extension of 162" Ave SE. No guard rail or wall or any other facility improvements have been proposed to be installed on the south side of SE 144th ST to prevent a car which fails to stop at the end of the to-be-constructed 162nd Ave SE from landing in the current residents' back yard. The substantially increased risk to life and property that will be borne by the owners and residents of the property directly south of this proposed intersection is disproportionate to all the surrounding community and all due care must be extended to prevent harm to them. No secondary access is proposed with the current plat proposals. Because secondary access is readily available via the Renton required improvements to 164" Ave SE, the extension of 162'' Ave SE is not necessary, and thus all impacts to the streams and wetlands in the 162'' Ave SE ROW are 100% avoidable. This wetland mitigation proposal is utterly obsolete. A new and complete analysis is necessary and must be required. Page 20 Of '27 CARE Response: Liberty Gardens LUA08~093 for SEPAAppeal and Preliminary Plat Hearing 3/17/08 Conclusion King County staff has a dismal record in their mitigation decisions in our community. Their previous review and guidance of this application is again proven inadequate. They have consistently failed to adequately investigate, analyze and and require mitigation to offset the real world impacts of subdivision applications that our community must suffer King County Code specifies the KCRDCS as the legally binding standard to which new roads will be constructed in order establish consistent rules that will protect the lives and interests of the citizens of King County. In the event that it may be possible to grant exceptions to the King County Road Standards, the King County Code has established a formal, consistent standard process by which an applicant may submit a proposal demonstrating that such exception shall provide for mobility, safety and all other material requirements specified under the code -application for a road variance. Additionally, King County has adopted rules that make variance applications, when need is known -and CARE has provided numerous notification of need, should be sought before an application goes to public hearing. Consistent review process and mitigation standards are critical to the fair application of the law to all citizens. Reviewing staff must apply the same rules and the same processes to each application. They are accountable directly to the citizens in this duty. When a King County agency fails to follow the process set in the adopted development regulations, it violates the requirement of the authorizing state law, fails to act properly as an agent of the state and prevents the public oversight and input that is guaranteed by law. Compliance with the adopted standards is so rmportant that the punitive consequences are quite harshly defined in the King County Code. The Hearing Examiner is authorized by the code to deny approval of this plat application tor failure to comply. We believe the danger to the community posed by the proposed extension of 162" Ave Se to intersect with SE 144'" St to be so grave and so avoidable, that we request this entire application be denied entirely. Document RCW 36.75.020 Quotation County roads -County legislative authority as agent of state -Standards. All of the county roads in each of the several counties shall be established, laid out, constructed, , altered, repaired, improved, and maintained by the legislative authority of the respective counties as agents of the state, or by private individuals or corporations who are allowed to perform such work under an agreement with the county legislative authority. Such work shall be done in accordance with adopted county standards under the supervision and direction of the county engineer. Discussion King County acts as agent of the state in the regulation of the county roads. The state requires that road construction be done in accordance with the adopted county standards. Document RCW 36.708.030(5) Quotation Nothing in this section limits the authority of a permitting agency to approve, condition, or deny a project as provided in its development regulations adopted under chapter 36.70A RCW and in its policies adopted under RCW 43.21 C.060. Project review shall be used to identify specific project design and conditions relating to the character of development, such as the details of site plans, curb cuts, drainage swales, transportation demand management, the payment of impact fees, or other measures to mitigate a proposal's probable adverse environmental impacts, if applicable. Discussion State law allows King County to adopt those rules it deems necessary and sufficient to mitigate a proposal's probable adverse environmental impacts. Document KCC 14.42.005 Quotation Purpose • intent. A. Chapter 36.75 RCW authorizes the county to perform all acts necessary and proper for the administration of the county roads. County roads shall be established, laid out, constructed, altered, repaired, improved and maintained by the legislative authority of the county or by private individuals or corporations who are allowed to perform such work under an agreement with the county legislative authorrty. The work and improvements shall be done in accordance with adopted county standards under the supervision and direction of the county road engineer Page2J Of:27 CARE Response: Liberty Gardens LUAOS-093 for SEPAAppeal and Preliminary Plat Hearing 3/17/08 B. The purpose of the King County Road Design and Construction Standards ("the standards") is to set forth specific, consistent and acceptable road design and construction elements for developers and other private parties constructing or modifying road or right-of-way facilities that require county licenses or permits and to establish uniform criteria to guide the county's own design and construction of new county roads or reconstruction of existing roads. The standards support the county's goals for achieving affordable housing, providing adequate facilities for development in an efficient manner, complying with storm water management and environmental and cultural resource policies. and balance these goals with the general safety and mobility needs of the traveling public. C. The county requires standardization of road design elements when necessary for consistency and to ensure, so far as practicable, that motoring, bicycling, transit, , equestrian and pedestrian public safety needs are met. Considerations include safety. , convenience, pleasant appearance, proper drainage, economical maintenance and cultural and environmental resource protection. The standards also provide requirements for the location and installation of utilities within the right-of-way. , Discussion The King County Council, directly citing the authorizing state law. adopted the KCRDCS as the development standards for all county roads, Specifically, the county code specifies that all road , work must be done in accordance with the KCRDCS. Further, the council codified that the road design elements are necessary to ensure consistency and that public safety needs are met. Document , KCC 14.42.010 'Quotation Adoption. A "King County Road Standards," 2007, incorporated herein as Attachment A* to Ordinance 15753, are hereby approved and adopted as the King County standards for road design and construction. Discussion As required by state law, the county council formally adopted the KCRDCS by ordinance. , Document RCW 36.708.040 Quotation : Determination of consistency. I (1) A proposed project's consistency with a local government's development regulations , adopted under chapter 36. 70A RCW, or, in the absence of applicable development regulations, the appropriate elements of the comprehensive plan adopted under chapter 36.70A RCW shall be decided by the local government during project review by consideration of: (a) The type of land use: (b) The level of development, such as units per acre or other measures of density: (c) Infrastructure, including public facilities and services needed to serve the development; and (d) The characteristics of the development, such as development standards. Notes: Intent -Findings -1995 c 347 §§ 404 and 405: "In enacting RCW 36.70B.030 and 36.70B.040, the legislature intends to establish a mechanism for implementing the provisions of chapter 36.70A RCW regarding compliance, conformity, and consistency of proposed projects with adopted comprehensive plans and development regulations. In order to achieve this purpose the legislature finds that: (1) Given the extensive investment that public agencies and a broad spectrum of the public are , making and will continue to make in comprehensive plans and development regulations for their communities, it is essential that project review start from the fundamental land use planning choices made in these plans and regulations. If the applicable regulations or plans identify the type of land use. specify residential density in urban growth areas, and identify and provide for funding of public facilities needed to serve the proposed development and site, these decisions at a minimum provide the foundation for further project review unless there is a question of code interpretation. The project review process, including the environmental review process under chapter 43.21 C RCW and the consideration of consistency, should start from this point and should not reanalyze these land use planning decisions in making a permit decision. Page 22 Of 27 CARE Response: Liberty Gardens LUA08~093 for SEPAAppeal and Preliminary Plat Hearing 3/17/08 (2) Comprehensive plans and development regulations adopted by local governments under chapter 36. 70A RCW and environmental laws and rules adopted by the state and federal government have addressed a wide range of environmental subjects and impacts. These provisions typically require environmental studies and contain specific standards to address various impacts associated with a proposed development, such as building size and location, drainage, transportation requirements, and protection of critical areas. When a permitting agency applies these existing requirements to a proposed project, some or all of a project's potential environmental impacts will be avoided or otherwise mitigated. Through the integrated project review process described in subsection (1) of this section. the local government will determine whether existing requirements, including the applicable regulations or plans, adequately analyze and address a project's environmental impacts. RCW 43.21C.240 provides that project review should not require additional studies or mitigation under chapter 43.21C RCW where existing regulations have adequately addressed a proposed project's probable specific adverse environmental impacts. (3) Given the hundreds of jurisdictions and agencies in the state and the numerous communities and applicants affected by development regulations and comprehensive plans adopted under chapter 36.?0A RCW, it is essential to establish a unifonm framework for considering the consistency of a proposed project with the applicable regulations or plan. Consistency should be determined in the project review process by considering four factors found in applicable regulations or plans: The type of land use allowed; the level of development allowed, such as units per acre or other measures of density; infrastructure, such as the adequacy of public facilities and services to serve the proposed project: and the character of the proposed development, such as compliance with specific development standards. This uniform approach corresponds to existing project review practices and will not place a burden on . applicants or local government. The legislature intends that this approach should be largely a matter of checking compliance with existing requirements for most projects, which are simple or routine. while more complex projects may require more analysis. RCW 43.21 C.240 and 36. 70B.030 establish this uniform framework and also direct state agencies to consult with local government and the public to develop a better format than the current environmental checklist to meet this objective. (4) When an applicant applies for a project permit, consistency between the proposed project and applicable regulations or plan should be determined through a project review process that integrates land use and environmental impact analysis, so that governmental and public review of the proposed project as required by this chapter, by development regulations under chapter 36.70A RCW, and by the environmental process under chapter 43.21C RCW run concurrently and not separately. Discussion For a reviewing agencies recommended mitigations to be valid, they must be consistent with the whole of the adopted regulations of the jurisdiction. The implementing agencies are not authorized to second-guess the reasoning behind an adopted ordinance or regulation, nor are they allowed to pick and choose the portions of the law that they think should apply to a given situation. The intent of the state legislature is recorded here to apply the adopted law as a whole. Consistency is determined in the project review process by considering such issues as the adequacy of public facilities and compliance with specific development standards. The legislature specifically records their intent that this approach should be largely a matter of checking compliance with existing requirements. Consistency is a huge factor in the intent behind this legislation -especially the need for all the government and public review processes to run concurrently and not separately. Document KCC 14.42.060 Quotation Variances. A. A road variance is required for any design or construction deviation from these standards. Detailed procedures for applicants requesting variances and appealing variance decisions are contained within a public rule that is available from the county road engineer or the reviewing agency. B. Any variances from these standards may be granted by the county road engineer upon evidence that the variance is in the public interest and that requirements for safety, function, fire protection, transit needs, appearance and maintainability are fully met, based upon sound engineering and technical judgment. C. Variance requests for subdivisions should be proposed at the preliminary plat stage and Page 23 Of 27 CARE Response: Uberty Gardens LUAOB-093 for SEPAAppeal and Preliminary Plat Hearing 3/17/08 prior to any public hearing. All known variances must be approved prior to approval of the engineering plans for construction. It is the responsibility of the county road engineer to interpret the standards. Any anticipated variances from these standards that do not meet K.C.C. Title 17 shall also require concurrence by the fire marshal. (Ord. 15753 § 7, 2007: Ord. 8041 § 7, 1987). Discussion The recommended mitigation has been documented by King County staff to potentially fail to meet the standards for the required modifications to the intersection and approaches at SE 128" ST and 160" AVE SE. The SEPA and Plat Hearings are the only mechanism by which the public has access to the review process for this project to perform the oversight that is their right and duty. Under the state laws defining the requirement for consistent application of design standards in the review process. accountability to the public to stated repeated by the legislature as a driving issue in the intent of the law. The adopted development regulations of King County in regard to road standards and the appropriate process by which exceptions to those standards can be granted sets the required process steps. It is obvious that in some circumstances, and unanticipated situation may become known only after a public hearing has been conducted. Thus. if during the engineering phase of a project the need for a variance is first determined, the law does not require an applicant to start over, but instead may seek a variance for the newly discovered situation. But when the likely need for a variance is known. and indeed documented by reviewing staff prior to the public hearing, the public has every right under the law to expect the variance to have been sought, considered and decided based on sound technical and legal analysis. Otherwise, the public has no mechanism by which to make its interest known. nor for individually affect citizens to act to protect their interests. Page 24 Of 27 CARE Response: Liberty Gardens LUAOB-093 for SEPAAppeal and Preliminary Plat Hearing 3/17/08 Document KCC 14.42.070 Quotation Penalties. Failure to comply with these standards may be cause for denial of plan or development permit approval, revocation of prior approvals, withholding and reductions of financial guarantees, withholding of final inspection approval, withholding of occupancy certificates, either temporary or permanent, legal action for forfeiture of financial guarantee. code enforcement, and/or other penalties as provided by law. Discussion Compliance with the adopted standards is so important that the punitive consequences are quite harshly defined in the King County Code. The King County Hearing Examiner is authorized by the code to deny approval of this plat application for failure to comply. Document KCC 14.42.060 Quotation Variances. B. Any variances from these standards may be granted by the county road engineer upon evidence that the variance is in the public interest and that requirements for safety, function, fire protection, transit needs, appearance and maintainability are fully met, based upon sound engineering and technical judgment. C. Variance requests for subdivisions should be proposed at the preliminary plat stage and prior to any public hearing. All known variances must be approved prior to approval of the engineering plans for construction. It is the responsibility of the county road engineer to interpret the standards. Any anticipated variances from these standards that do not meet K.C.C. Title 17 shall also require concurrence by the fire marshal. Discussion King County Code specifies the KCRDCS as the legally binding standard to which new roads will be constructed in order establish consistent rules that will protect the lives and interests of the citizens of King County. In the event that it may be possible to grant exceptions to the King County. Road Standards, the King County Code has established a formal. consistent standard process by which an applicant may submit a proposal demonstrating that such exception shall provide for mobility, safety and all other material requirements specified under the code -application for a road variance. An application for variance is required in order for any proposed exceptions of the King County Road Standards may be granted. It is the responsibility of the applicant to have applied for a variance before this application comes to hearing. Such application should have been submitted and approved before this application is presented in Public Hearing before the King County Hearing Examiner. Further complicating the matter is the fact that no Inter-Local Agreement was executed between King County and the City of Renton for the Liberty Annexation, so there is no 'jurisdiction haring' agreement that provides any mechanism by which the King County Road Engineer (the variance authority) to be engaged to consider any variance. Page 25 Of 27 CARE Response: Liberty Gardens LUA08M093 for SEPAAppeal and Preliminary Plat Hearing 3/17/08 Document · RCW 43.21 C.240 Quotation Project review under the growth management act. (2) A county, city, or town shall make the detemnination provided for in subsection (1) of this section if: · (b) The local government bases or conditions its approval on compliance with these requirements or mitigation measures. , Findings --Intent -1995 c 347 § 202: "(1) The legislature finds in adopting RCW 43.21 C.240 that: (a) Comprehensive plans and development regulations adopted by counties, cities, and towns under chapter 36.70A RCW and environmental laws and rules adopted by the state and federal , government have addressed a wide range of environmental subjects and impacts. These plans, regulations, rules, and laws often provide environmental analysis and mitigation measures for project actions without the need for an environmental impact statement or further project , mitigation. (b) Existing plans, regulations, rules, or laws provide environmental analysis and measures that avoid or otherwise mitigate the probable specific adverse environmental impacts of proposed , projects should be integrated with, and should not be duplicated by. environmental review under • chapter 43.21 C RCW. (c) Proposed projects should continue to receive environmental review, which should be conducted in a manner that is integrated with and does not duplicate other requirements. Project- level environmental review should be used to: (i) Review and document consistency with comprehensive plans and development regulations; (ii) provide prompt and coordinated review by government agencies and the public on compliance with applicable environmental laws and plans, including mitigation for specific project impacts that have not been considered and addressed at the plan or development regulation level; and (iii) ensure accountability by local government to applicants and the public for requiring and implementing mitigation measures. (d) When a project permit application is filed, an agency should analyze the proposal's environmental impacts, as required by applicable regulations and the environmental review 'process required by this chapter, in one project review process. The project review process should include land use, environmental, public, and governmental review, as provided by the applicable regulations and the rules adopted under this chapter, so that documents , prepared under different requirements can be reviewed together by the public and other , agencies. This project review will provide an agency with the information necessary to make a decision on the proposed project. Discussion Consistent review process and mitigation standards are critical to the fair application of the law to all citizens. Reviewing staff must apply the same rules and the same processes to each application. They are accountable directly to the citizens in this duty. When a King County agency fails to follow the process set in the adopted development regulations, it violates the requirement of the authorizing state Jaw and fails to act properly as an agent of the state and prevents the public oversight and input that is guaranteed by law Document WAC 197-11-158 Quotation GMA project review -Reliance on existing plans, laws, and regulations. (1) In reviewing the environmental impacts of a project and making a threshold determination, a GMA county/city may, at its option, determine that the requirements for environmental analysis, protection, and mitigation measures in the GMA county/city's development regulations and comprehensive plan adopted under chapter 36.70A RCW. and in other applicable local. state, or : federal laws or rules, provide adequate analysis of and mitigation for some or all of the specific adverse environmental impacts of the project. (2) In making the determination under subsection (1) of this section, the GMA county/city shall: Page 26 Of 27 CARE Response: Liberty Gardens LUA08-093 for SEPAAppeal and Preliminary Plat Hearing 3/17/08 (c) Base or condition approval of the project on compliance with the requirements or mitigation measures in the comprehensive plan, subarea plan, applicable development regulations, or other local, state, or federal rules or laws ... Discussion A reviewing agency must base the recommended mitigation on the adopted development regulations. Document KCC 14.42.030 Quotation Applicability. A. The standards apply prospectively to all newly constructed or modified road and right- of-way facilities, both public and private, within King County. The standards apply to modifications of roadway features or existing facilities that are within the scope of reconstructions, required off-site road improvements for land developments or capital improvement projects when so required by King County or to the extent they are expressly referred to in project plans and specifications. These standards are not intended to apply to resurfacing, restoration, and rehabilitation projects as those terms are defined in the Washington state Department of Transportation Local Agency Guidelines Manual, as amended. C. Construction shall be performed in accordance with the standards and with due regard to public safety. Discussion The recommended mitigation include modifications to the roadway and/or right-of-way at the intersection and approaches to SE 128" ST and 160" AVE SE due to the finding of adverse impacts resulting from the proposed project. The code again emphasizes the necessity of construction to be performed according to the adopted standards and with due regard to public safety. Particularly because this mitigation is based on the existence of a known and exceptional public safety hazard, and in light of the fact that staff has documented the public concern for safety at this intersection, failure to fully comply with the process specified in the adopted regulations is a grave error. This application comes to the public hearing stage with numerous and critical issues unresolved. There is still no agreement between staff and applicant of whether access to the plat will be via 162'' Ave SE, 164" Ave SE or both. So dire is the incompleteness of this proposal that the applicant themselves request yet another postponement and declared that, "The Applicant has several outstanding issues that need to be resolved prior to the plat hearing for it to be productive." We agree. We believe that the Hearing Examiner must reject this application outright as authorized by King County Code, and that is the preferred remedy we request. The Hearing Examiner is authorized to grant the relief we seek, as well as the responsibility to ensure that this proposed proJect meets all the requirements of State and Local laws. regulations and policies. We have demonstrated the deficiencies of this application in light of these laws. regulations and policies. Should the Hearing Examiner chose instead to approve the proposed plat subject to conditions, we request clear findings of fact in regard to the road standards violations we have identified and the precise method by which the anticipated safety deficiencies will be addressed. This Hearing is the last opportunity to ensure that adequate administratively and legally enforceable mitigations are required of and implemented with this project. We are the Public. Our interest is in protecting our homes. preserving our neighborhoods, promoting fair and reasonable use of property to all land owners and preventing harm to our community. Re}f'fctfully s,ubmitted, 7(----.1w 2 ~·vC•-/f --/.. 1c,, -1..,we'hdolyn H,g/'I"--.JJ , Page '27 Of 27 ' ED McCARTHY, P.E., PS Hydrology• Hydraulics • Engineering March 3, 2008 Mr. Bruce Whittaker King County DDES 900 Oakesdale Avenue SW Renton, WA 98055 Re: Liberty Gardens, Cavalla Development, and Threadgill Plat Recommended Stormwater Mitigations Dear Mr. Whittaker; 9957 171 Avenue SE Renton, WA 98059 (425) 271-5734 FAX (425) 271-3432 As you are aware, the proposed developments of Liberty Gardens, Cavalla, and a portion of the Threadgill Plat all drain to the conveyance system along SE 1441h Street (Figure!). The results of the hydraulic assessment I prepared for the downstream conveyance system (June 15, 2007) predicted flooding along the north side of SE 1441h Street and at the intersection of 1601h Avenue SE. There has also been residential flooding at SE 142°d Place, which is adjacent and tributary to the downstream system of the proposed developments. After consideration of the basin and downstream conditions, I offer the stormwater mitigations described below for the proposed plats to address existing flooding problems along SE 144th Street and at the end of SE 142°d Place. Onsite Stormwater Mitigation Conservation flow control standards are required for the proposed Liberty Gardens, Cavalla, and Threadgill developments (King County Department of Natural Resources, January 2005). The hydraulic analysis I prepared (June 15, 2007) indicates that the 18-inch diameter pipe along the south side of SE 144•h Street has a capacity of 4 to 6 cubic feet per second. Flows with return periods of 2 to 5 years likely surcharge the 18-inch diameter pipe system. The roadway and ditch system along the north side of SE 144th Street convey the major portion of higher flows. A HEC- RAS analysis of the roadway conveyance system (Ed McCarthy, PE, PS, June 2007) for the I 00- year peak rate indicates that the ditch system between 162"a Avenue SE and 160th Avenue SE has adequate capacity to convey the 100-year peak rate. However, driveway culverts along this reach as well as the culverts at the intersections of 1601h Ave SE and 161 '' Ave SE would be overtopped. The driveways along the north side of SE 144"' Street generally rise above the street as they approach the residence they access. Representative driveways along the north side of SE 144th Street that would be flooded with higher flows are illustrated in Photos I and 2 of Attachment A. As the photographs suggest, the driveway would easily be discemable under a situation where flood flows inundate the northerly ditch and driveway culverts. The presence of flooding driveway culverts would not create unreasonable difficulties for emergency access to the residences. K.C. D.D.E.S. • Mr. Bruce Whittaker Page 2 March 3, 2008 Based on the HEC-RAS hydraulic model used to assess the conveyance system along SE 144th Street, increasing the flow rate by 0.5 cubic foot per second, or more, would increase the flood stage above one or more of the downstream driveway culverts by more than V. inch (Attachment B). An increase of more than 0.5 cubic foot per second would occur for the 100-year peak flow rate if Flow Conservation Standards were adopted for the proposed projects. As such, this would constitute aggravating an existing severe flooding problem (King County Surface Water Design Manual, p. 1-25). On the other hand, adopting Level 3 flow control would mitigate the impacts of the projects on this downstream flooding area. The predicted 100-year stage in the downstream flood flow path would not be increased. In light of the downstream conditions, providing Level 3 detention standards is an appropriate stormwater mitigation for each of the proposed developments. For the Threadgill Plat, this recommended higher level of flow control would apply only towards the western portion of the site draining to SE 144th Street. This mitigation would satisfy Core Requirement #3 of the Surface Water Design Manual (Table 1.2.3.A on page 1-29). I conducted KCRTS simulations for the Cavalla and Liberty Gardens plats to estimate the stormwater detention volumes that would be required to meet Level 3 flow control standards (Attachment C). For Cavalla, I estimated a required storage volume of 132,300 cubic feet. For Liberty Gardens, I estimated a required storage volume of 114,600 cubic feet. These estimated volumes do not include a factor of safety which would increase the required volumes, nor do they account for the effects ofrequired flow control BMPs, which would reduce the required storage volume (King County Department of Natural Resources, January 2005). Extension of 162nd Avenue SE As part of the proposed plats, 162nd Avenue SE will be extended from SE 144th Street to SE 1361h Street. Like the proposed plats, the proposed roadway will provided stormwater flow control and water quality treatment. Using the same rational as for the proposed plats, Level 3 flow control and basic water quality treatment would be an appropriate mitigation in managing stormwater from the proposed roadway. The proposed extension of 162nd A venue SE offers an opportunity to improve drainage conditions for residents at SE 142nd Place. I understand that an open channel along the west side of the 162nd Avenue SE right-of-way (Figure 2) will be tightlined under proposed developed conditions. The design of the tightline should be extended far enough upstream such that it effectively collects drainage that flows along the east boundary of the Gragg property located at 16046 SE 142nd Place. Both the proposed tightline and stormwater control system for 162nd Avenue SE should have an overflow outlet that maintains the flow route along the north side of SE 144th Street that is predicted to occur with higher flows. Proposed Solutions to Drainage Problems at SE 142nd Place In previous corre';rondence to you, I was supportive of the idea of extending the stormwater pipe system along 160 Avenue SE in effort to direct flows from the drainage course directly north of SE 142nd Place to the existing 12-inch diameter culvert system along 160th Avenue SE and subsequently to the storm conveyance pipe along SE 1441h Street. This modification to the storm ' / Mr. Bruce Whittaker Page3 March 3, 2008 system would be intended to relieve some of the flows from the flooding problem at residences along SE 142°d Place. After assessing this proposal in additional detail, I am no longer supportive of it. I believe that adding flows to the pipe system along the lower segment of 1601 h Avenue SE could create a flooding problem for the residence at the bottom of the hill. With higher flow rates, a backwater would develop in the flat reach of pipe at the bottom of 160th Avenue SE and surcharge an inlet pipe adjacent to the residence, increasing the risk of flooding of the adjacent residential property and structure. I believe that the most effective way to relieve the drainage problem that now occurs at properties at the end of SE 142°d Place would be to tightline the channel that now traverses the east property boundaries oflots located at the end of SE 142°d Place (Figure 2). This modification to the drainage system could be included in the plans for the proposed extension of 162nd Avenue SE. Managing runoff in this manner will resolve a drainage problem that has been bothersome for several years for at least three residents at SE 142nd Place. Gragg Property The Gragg property, located at 16046 SE 142nd Place, has an additional concern that could be resolved with the proposed extension and improvements along 162°d A venue SE. The onsite sewage disposal system on the Gragg property has been adversely affected by groundwater seepage from the channel along the north property boundary. As development in the upstream basin has increased runoff volumes to the channel, the onsite sewage system has at times failed. The design of the sanitary sewer along 162nd Avenue SE should include a stub out connection for the Gragg parcels to correct this ongoing problem. Please note that the applicants for the proposed plats willingly offer the mitigations that would benefit the property owners along SE 142nd Place provided that the mitigations can be designed and implemented without incurring unreasonable delays that may be confronted in acquiring construction easements, permits, or other construction-related authorizations. SE 144TH STREET LEVEL 3 DOWNSTREAM DRAINAGE ANALYSIS Prepared for: Mr. Dave Petrie 811 So. 273rc1 Ct Des Moines. WA 98J 98 KBS Development 12320 NE 8th Street Suite 100 Bellevue WA 98005 Eagle Creek Land & Development, LLC 13701 SE 253rd St Kent. WA 98042 RECEIVED JUL 1 I 2007 KING COUNTY LAND USE SERVICES Prepared bv: Ed McCarthy. P.E., P.S. 9957 171°' Avenue SE Rcr,tun. WA 98059 Tel. 14251 271-5734 Fax i425i 2713432 Table 2. Peak Flow Rates at Key Locations Location Return Period (Years) 2-Yr /CFS) 10-Yr (CFS) 25-Yr /CFS) 100-Yr /CFS) CB-ISA 9.86 15.70 19.08 24.66 160'" Ave SE 11.23 17.65 21.31 27.42 CB-5 11.72 18.37 22.23 28.52 CB-4C 4.25 6.86 8.36 10.86 CB-4 16.09 25.43 30.85 39.72 The hydraulic model HEC-RAS was used to model the roadway surface and ditch conveyance under flood conditions for the 100-year peak flow rate. The I 00-year peak rate assumes that 5 cubic feet per second is conveyed in the 18-inch diameter storm pipe along the south side of the road. The remainder of the flow is assumed to be conveyed in the roadway and roadside ditch. The roadway conveyance capacity was evaluated from CB-1 lA (HEC-RAS Sta 0+00) to the intersection of 162"d Avenue SE (HEC-RAS Sta 10+10). HEC-RAS analysis of the roadway conveyance system for the 100-year peak rate indicates that the ditch system between l 62"d Avenue SE and I 60'h Avenue SE bas adequate capacity to convey the I 00-year peak rate. However, driveway culverts along this reach would be overtopped. In addition, the HEC-RAS model predicted that flow depths would be up to 0.7-foot deep over driveways. HEC-RAS results are presented in Appendix D. Roadway flooding along SE 144th Street would be considered as "severe roadway flooding problem" according to King County standards (King County Department of Natural Resources, January 2005) due to the following conditions: • Between the intersection of l 62"d Avenue SE and 160th Avenue SE driveway culverts along the ditch on the north side of SE 144th Street'would become overtopped, posing a threat of unsafe access due to indiscernible driveway edges. • Floodwater over the driveways on the north side of SE i 44'h Street between 160th Avenue SE and CB-1 IA would be deeper than 0.5 foot, posing a severe impediment to emergency vehicle access. 2.4 Flooding Locations and Flood Flow Paths Flows with return periods of 2 to 5 years likely surcharge the 18-inch diameter pipe system. Flows were predicted to leave the pipe and ditch drainage system at a number oflocations including CB-4C, CB-JOA, CBI4A, CB-ISA, CB-15A-l, and CB-18A. Between the intersection of 162°d A venue SE and 160th A venue SE, overflow from the catch basins is conveyed to the west in the roadside ditch on the north side of the road. From the intersection at 160th Avenue SE, overflow from the catch basins is conveyed to the west mainly along the north side of the road. Flooding covers the north half of the north travel lane at locations near CB-I IA. From CB- I IA, floodwater is conveyed further west in the north travel lane until it reaches a low lying area located north of CB-9A. Depending upon the magnitude of flows, the floodwater either 2-8 SE J 4¢1' Street-June 2007 Page I of2 • Whittaker, Bruce To: Dave Petrie; Ed McCarthy; Dan Balmelli Cc: Wayne Potter; Foley, Steve; Sleight, Brian; Tibbits, Chad Subject: RE: Level 3 Offsite Analysis Addendum Oct 12, 2007 Ed/Dave/Dan/Wayne, I received and reviewed the Level 3 Addendum prepared by Ed McCarthy on the 160th/162nd drainage systems. We need to have the original Level 3 Downstream model updated to show the changes to the downstram predictions, if a portion of the flow is to be directed south in the 160th corridor. I appreciate Mr McCarthy's narrative in the above letter; but we need to see the model re-run to see the results. The analysis should also show where pipes or conveyance need to be constructed to accomplish the routing of flows to the south. Please also note that a drainage adjustment is required to route a portion of the flow to the south on 160th corridor. If you have any questions, please call me at 206-296-7211 Thanks! Bruce Whittaker From: Dave Petrie [mailto:DavePetrie@comcast.net] Sent: Thursday, September 27, 2007 10: 18 AM To: Ed McCarthy; Dan Balmelli Cc: Wayne Potter Subject: Re: Bypass Letter, Sept 24, Ed to Dave I don't think anyone has ever considered the idea of activating the currently inert 12" culvert system on 160th Ave as a 11 diversion". Instead, it is a sort of Safety/Overflow Valve to mitigate the peak flows that have for -30 years damaged the properties of Gragg, Chin and Gammell. As I understand it, this is the only way that KC can avoid a lawsuit from these Complainants*. In my view, it is up to KC Roads Maintenance to design this overtl ow bypass to perform in this way so as it will NOT be considered a diversion. My pix (with text, attached) shows this precisely by the location of the 12" culvert branching directly south of the 24" SE crossover just upstream of Nabors residence. (Note: I expected Ed to cover to this in his Report, and recommend that he do that in his final version of the Addendum). Of course I will pay the remaining balance due, once the terms (Task 3) of the Contract are fulfilled. Again, Bruce wants this option submitted as an Addendum (not a letter** from Ed to Dave). • Following tlus e-mail, I will PDF comments from the Level I Downstream Analysis by DMP Inc, dated Nov I 2, 2003. In particular, note the Complaint Evaluation Memo by Alan Meyers, dated 3-19-97 ** I gather that the letter format W-ds Ed's way of checking out that we are On the Same Page; planned all along to submit the option as an Addendum. ----Original Message ----- From: Dan Balmelli To: Ed McCarthy ; 'Dave Petrie' 10/18/2007 Cc: Wayn~ePQtt<er Sent: Wednesday, September 26, 2007 10:21 PM Subject: RE Bypass Letter, Sept 24, Ed to Dave Page 2 of2 • Dave, I have reviewed Eds letter and your comments. I reccomend that Ed modify the letter to delete the reference to the wetland and then issue it with your agreement to pay him his remaining balance. We can then submit a final proposal to Bruce to keep moving the project to public hearing. Bruce sent an email to me and confirmed that the county would not consider this option as a diversion since it was the original direction of flow. Please confirm this is acceptable so we can move on. Dan From: Ed McCarthy [mailto:edwardjmccarthy@comcast.net] Sent: Monday, September 24, 2007 5:37 PM To: 'Dave Petrie' Cc: Wayne Potter; Dan Balmelli Subject: RE: Bypass Letter, Sept 24, Ed to Dave Dave, I appreciate your concerns for your neighbors, but I still believe that my letter is objective, which I intended it to be. It is actually in your best interest to know what the issues may be with the proposed diversion. I could delete the reference to the wetland, since I don't think it will likely be an issue as it has on other past similar issues I've worked on. The remainder of the letter will stay the same. In my opinion, the County will likely approve of the proposal. Do you agree to pay me the balance you owe me if I provide you with a revised letter with the edit I mentioned above? If not I will refrain from further work on this project and seek other means for obtaining reimbursement per our contractual agreement. Ed 10/18/2007 , Page 1 of 1 Whittaker, Bruce From: Cassidy, Jon Sent: Monday, March 05, 2007 10:14 AM To: Dave Petrie; Lazaro, Desi Cc: Steve Vottheim; Whittaker, Bruce; Wayne Potter; Chad Armour; Gillen, Nick; Sleight, Brian; Schwartz, Rick; Finlinson, Jason Subject: RE: Culvert Work-West-side 160th Ave SE Dave, Thanks for your e-mails. I have contacted Brian Sleight to try and find out the status of the project you have proposed but have not been able to talk with him yet The Engineer previously in charge of the investigation has been promoted to a new Department and I do not know who took his place or the status of the work, The work Rjck's crews were doing was related to repair of the historic drainage panern which crosses over 160th at 14115 and drains to the swale that ultimately Bows down 162 SE in the unopened right of way, This system has never flowed over the rise and down 160th to SE 144th as you have suggested in your sketches. As you know there is a DNRP regional pond on 162nd SE at SE 144th and they will need to approve any changes to the proposed drainage system. I will continue to work with Brian to see if a solution can be found but you should continue to work with your contact at ODES to ensure compliance with your pennits. I left you a voice mail as well and will get back to you with any new information that I receive. Jon A Cassidy Managing Engineer King County DOT Roads Maintenance Section From: Dave Petrie [mailto:DavePetrie@comcast.net] Sent: Saturday, March 03, 2007 10:26 AM To: Lazaro, Desi Cc: Cassidy, Jon; Steve Vottheim; Whittaker, Bruce; Wayne Potter; Chad Armour; Gillen, Nick Subject: Culvert Work-West-side 160th Ave SE The work Schwartz was doing the week of Feb 12 is meaningless: The flow southward is totally BLOCKED , as shown in these pix. Schwartz claims he is working under design plans made by your group. I want to see those plans. I want the elbow that diverts drainage southeasterly into the 24" culvert CROSSING 160th Ave opened to permit flow down the west side of 160th Avenue! This will mitigate the horrendous flow that now sluices down the west side of the proposed extension of 162nd Ave SE from the SW comer ofmy Liberty Gardens plat to 144th Street SE. This stormwater is NOT a SA Stream. Dave Petrie 253-946-6619 03/05/2007 Page 1 of 1 Whittaker, Bruce From: Cassidy, Jon Sent: Monday, March 05, 2007 10:14 AM To: Dave Petrie; Lazaro, Desi Cc: Steve Vottheim; Whittaker, Bruce; Wayne Potter; Chad Armour; Gillen, Nick; Sleight, Brian; Schwartz, Rick; Finlinson, Jason Subject: RE: Culvert Work-West-side 160th Ave SE Dave, Thanks for your e-mails. l have contacted Brian Sleight to try and find out the status of the project you have proposed but have not been able to talk with him yet. The Engineer previously in charge of the investigation has been promoted to a new Department and 1 do not know who took his place or the status of the work. The work Rick's crews were doing was related lo repair of the historic drainage pattern which crosses over 160th at 14115 and drains lo the swa!e that ultimately flows down 162 SE in the unopened right of way. This system has never flowed over the rise and down 160th to SE 144th as you have suggested in your sketches. As you know there is a DNRP regional pond on 162nd SE at SE 144th and they will need to approve any changes to the proposed drainage system. 1 will continue to work with Brian to see if a solution can be found but you should continue to work with your contact at DDES to ensure compliance with your pem1its. l left you a voice mail as well and will get back to you with any nev.' information that I receive. Jon A. Cassidy Managing Engineer King County DOT Roads Maintenance Section From: Dave Petrie [mailto:DavePetrie@comcast.net] Sent: Saturday, March 03, 2007 10:26 AM To: Lazaro, Desi Cc: Cassidy, Jon; Steve Vottheim; Whittaker, Bruce; Wayne Potter; Chad Armour; Gillen, Nick Subject: Culvert Work-West-side 160th Ave SE The work Schwartz was doing the week of Feb 12 is meaningless: The flow southward is totally BLOCKED, as shown in these pix. Schwartz claims he is working under design plans made by your group. l want to see those plans. I want the elbow that diverts drainage southeasterly into the 24" culvert CROSSING 160th Ave opened to permit flow down the west side of 160th Avenue! This will mitigate the horrendous flow that now sluices down the west side of the proposed extension of 162nd A vc SE from the SW corner of my Liberty Gardens plat to 144th Street SE. This stormwater is NOT a SA Stream. Dave Petrie 253-946-6619 01/31/2008 Page I of I Whittaker, Bruce From: Cassidy, Jon Sent: Monday, March 05, 2007 10:14 AM To: Dave Petrie; Lazaro, Desi Cc: Steve Vottheim; Whittaker, Bruce; Wayne Potter; Chad Armour; Gillen, Nick; Sleight, Brian·, Schwartz, Rick; Finlinson, Jason Subject: RE: Culvert Work-West-side 160th Ave SE Dave, Thanks for your e-mails. I have contacted Brian Sleight to try and find out the status of the project you have proposed but have not been able to talk with him yet. The Engineer previously in charge of the investigation has been promoted to a new Department and l do not know who took his place or the status of the work. The work Rick's crews were doing was related to repair of the historic drainage pattern which crosses over 160th at I 4 l 15 and drains to the swale that ultimately flows down 162 SE in the unopened right of way. This system has never flowed over the rise and down 160th to SE 144th as you have suggested in your sketches. As you know there is a DNRP regional pond on 162nd SE at SE 144th and they will need to approve any changes to the proposed drainage system. I \,:ill continue to work with Brian to see if a solution can be found but you should continue to work with your contact at DDES to ensure compliance with your pem1its. I left you a voice mail as wel! and will get back to you with any new information that I receive. Jon A. Cassidy Managing Engineer King County DOT Roads Maintenance Section From: Dave Petrie [mailto:DavePetrie@comcast.net] Sent: Saturday, March 03, 2007 10:26 AM To: Lazaro, Desi Cc: Cassidy, Jon; Steve Vottheim; Whittaker, Bruce; Wayne Potter; Chad Armour; Gillen, Nick Subject: Culvert Work-West-side 160th Ave SE The work Schwartz was doing the week of Feb 12 is meaningless: The flow southward is totally BLOCKED , as shown in these pix. Schwartz claims he is working under design plans made by your group. I want to see those plans. I want the elbow that diverts drainage southeasterly into the 24" culvert CROSSING 160th Ave opened to permit flow down the west side of 160th Avenue! This will mitigate the horrendous flow that now sluices down the west side of the proposed extension of 162nd Ave SE from the SW corner of my Liberty Gardens plat to 144th Street SE. This stormwater is NOT a SA Stream. Dave Petrie 253-946-6619 03/05/2007 ragt; 1 u1 .J Whittaker, Bruce From: Cassidy, Jon Sent: Thursday, April 17, 2008 7:31 AM To: Dave Petrie; Gregg Zimmerman; Whittaker, Bruce Cc: Adriana Gragg; Wayne Potter; Ty Pendergraft; Kolin Taylor; Daniel Balmelli; Curtis Schuster; Dougherty, Linda; Arima, Debbie; Weder, Andrea; lwatani, Elvira; Lazaro, Desi Subject: RE: Inactive Culvert System-160th Ave SE Dave, I do not believe there are any standard flow splitters available due to the variability in flow patterns and conditions. If you would like a reference manual for the design of a flow splitter, the King County Surface Water Design Manual is a good source of information . It will also provide you with the requirements that need to be met in order to divert fiows for one system into another. The King County Code requires this type of modification to a drainage system to be designed by a Professional Engineer with storm drainage design experience. I believe the City also allows the use of the County manual for drainage design, but am not certain if a Professional Engineer is required. If you intend to permit these proposed changes in the City after annexation, I would recommend that you talk with their Building Department staff for the City requirements. I have been unable to locate any requests from "Chinn" in our Citizen Action Request data base regarding flooding in this vicinity so I am unable to respond to concerns in this regard. The pipe system installed on the hill climb area of 160 Ave SE between SE 144 St and SE 142 PL was installed to provide a safer pathway for pedestrians and school children. The County Road Standards do not allow for the use of pipe smaller than 12- inches in diameter due to difficulties with cleaning and regular routine maintenance. There may be excess capacity in this system as you suggest, but downstream conditions must be investigated to ensure no one downstream is adversely affected. The County Surface water Design Manual provides details on how to accomplish this analysis. For your convenience, the following is a link to the manual: http://q_n r.metro kc. gov /wlr/dss/man ua I. htm Please let me know if you need additional information. Sincerely, Jon A. Cassidy From: Dave Petrie [mailto:DavePetrie@comcast.net] Sent: Friday, April 04, 2008 3:12 PM To: cassidy, Jon; Gregg Zimmerman; Whittaker, Bruce Cc: Adriana Gragg; Wayne Potter; Ty Pendergraft; Kolin Taylor; Daniel Balmelli; Curtis Schuster; Dougherty, Linda; Arima, Debbie; Weder, Andrea Subject: Re: Inactive Culvert System-160th Ave SE Let's try it this way. There is a flooding problem and there is an easy way to fix it: Unused culvert capacity to reduce the flooding to a manageable state already exists, although it needs to be completed in the section soon under the purview of Renton. Does it make sense to install a dual 12" culvert system down 160th Avenue with no (apparent) intent to ever utilize it? Everyone should be able to agree that the solution to Chin n's, et al pleading (at the January 28 Renton Council Meeting) to "Stop the flooding of the Smith property" can be easily mitigated* by putting the aforementioned inert culvert system into play. Mo_st of the culvert work (at trivial cost) is in the northern section (with new sewer 06/18/2008 Page 2 of3 line) soon to be re-asphalted by Renton funds. I think the three Complainants' are already looking to Renton as their savior, so why worry about? "' Our hydraulic survey indicates that the current 13 cfs coursing around the NE corner of the Rich Lea Plat can be reduced to a manageable nine cfs, the remaining four cfs being bypassed in an overflow sense down the existing culvert system along the southerly portion of 160th Ave ** Chinn, Gragg, Gammell ----Original Message ---- From: Cassidy, Jon To: Dave Petrie ; Gcegg Zimmerman ; Whittaker Bruce Cc: Adriana Gragg ; Wayne Potter; Ty Pendergraft ; Koljn TeiY1Dl; l)_si_tJiel_El_aJrn..filli ; Curtis S<::lwster ; Dough.E,l:!y Linda ; Arima Debbie ; V'Jec:Jer, Andrea Sent: Friday, April 04, 2008 1 :44 PM Subject: RE: Inactive Culvert System-160th Ave SE Good afternoon Mr. Petrie; Thank you for your email of March 17, 2008 expressing your concerns that an illegal diversion of a drainage system on 160th Avenue SE is flooding properties in the area. Field staff from the King County Road Services Division (RSD) visited the site and inspected the drainage system on 160th Avenue SE from SE 144th Street north to approximately 13800 block. Based on RSD staff investigations, the following have been determined. It is unlikely that the cross culvert on 160th Street is an "illegal diversion." Based on the contours in this area, it indicates that water flowing south along 160th Avenue SE would naturally flow into the depression on the Smith property, and not continue south along 160th Avenue SE. In fact, there still exists the original pipe that conveyed the water from the west side of 160th Avenue SE at 14415 to the east side, and into the depression on the Smith property. There is no evidence that storm water ever flowed south to SE 144th Street along 160th Avenue SE (see the attached pdffile). In 1977, the developer of Rich Lea Crest channelized the flow as it entered the plat from the north (Smith property) along the northerly line and thence south along the easterly line of Rich Lea Crest in the unopened 162nd Avenue SE right-of-way. Additional flow from developments to the north of SE 144th Street may cause flooding issues along SE 144th Street due to the low gradient 12" perforated pipe system in place there now. Problems created or exacerbated by the development of an area is the responsibility of the developer. All development work needs to be coordinated through your contact with the King County Department of Development and Environmental Services (DOES). Thank you again for bringing your concerns to our attention. If I can be of further assistance, please contact me at 206-296-8148. From: Dave Petrie [mailto:DavePetrie@comcast.net] Sent: Monday, March 17, 2008 2:50 PM To: Cassidy, Jon; Gregg Zimmerman; Whittaker, Bruce Cc: Adriana Gragg; Wayne Potter; Ty Pendergraft; Kolin Taylor; Daniel Balmelli; Curtis Schuster Subject: Inactive Culvert System-160th Ave SE In the wake of completion of the sewer extension from 144th Street SE to 140th Street, the imminent re-asphalting (pix029) of this 1600' section presents a Golden Opportunity to 06/18/2008 Page 3 of3 lessen the flooding problem of Chinn/Gragg/Gammell et al extant for 33 years. The flooding is caused by the (illegal) diversion in 1975 by Leroy Nabor (deceased): Nabor's lawn was being flooded during heavy rains by overtopping of the culvert/ditch system on his west side of 160th Avenue. Due to recent developments (Hamilton Place, Evendell, Nichols Place, Liberty Grove), the flooding of properties at the east end of 142nd Place has reached crisis stage. The Complainants have been frustrated by inaction from KC on this matter, flooding reports dating back to the 1994. KC cites the 5-year historic flow rule. But it is unlikely that general rule could be sustained in a court proceeding, considering the unusual circumstances involved. Accordingly-and recognizing that Renton will soon annex the northerly 70% of the 160th Avenue culvert system along the sewer line-Chinn and Gragg testified at the January 28 Renton Council Meeting. Chinn requested that Renton "stop the flooding of the Smith property" adjacent north, as a means to correct the aforementioned diversion by Nabor. The PDF attachment by hydrologist McCarthy discusses activating this now dry/inactive culvert system; which should qualify as a partial response to the Chinn pleading. Also see attachment Drainage160Avetxt.jpg. If the top of the 12" inlet pipe (green circle, pix 010) flowing southerly on 160th Ave were made level to the 24" diversion pipe across 160th Ave, the flow eastward across the north property line of Chinn/Gragg would see -30% reduction during peak flows. This should be enough to end the problem*. The drawing on attachment 2008-03-15 also shows the ditch flooding westward that occurs on the north side of 144th Street under peak flows. IMO, an 18" culvert should replace the puny and often blocked 12" culvert now there. Currently, this section on 144th Street is under the purview of KC, as is the aforementioned southerly 440' of 160th Ave. Dave Petrie 253-946-6619 Liberty Gardens Developer * An additional and related problem is LOS on 160th Ave-beginning at 142nd Pl-a design that would not Pass Code today. Sometime in the future, Renton may wish to reduce its current 20% grade to -11 %, Old Timers in the region remember when 160th Ave ended at the crest of this hill. And all the storm water from the north passed down the 160th Ave ROW. 06/18/2008 Whittaker, Bruce From: Sent: To: Dave Petrie [DavePetrie@comcast.net] Wednesday, September 26, 2007 9:02 AM Whittaker. Bruce Subject: Drainage Bypass Proposal Page 1 of 1 Attachments: 2006-01-04 GraggTxt 054.jpg; 2006-02-26 Drainage24.jpg; 2007-03-18 Rosario 013txt.jpg; CulvertFlow 031txt.jpg; CulvertFlowTxt 010.jpg; CulvertFlowTxt 009.jpg; 2006-02-23 Pond091.jpg; 2D06-03-07DrainageT2 004.jpg; 2006-03-23 003txt.jpg From letter to Ed McCarthy: Summary Page one, listing advantages, is Right On. Page two, listing "--issues of concern" could be easily modified with an optimistic f1avor without losing content. Comments: I.Road Flooding Problem-Allen Bowdle (15928 SE 144th Sttcet, NW comer of 144th Street and 160th Avenue intersection) reports no flooding. Wonders why the 12" culvert system contains no flow, even during the worst rainstorms. The attached pix shows Jeff Sappenfield (15846 SE 143rd Street, back yard fronting on 160th Ave) pointing to a CB on the west side of 160th Ave, says flow 11 never seen 11 in this culvert system. This morning, I called Rick Schwartz (KC Roads Maintenance Crew Chief) about his patch work at the subject intersection. He said the work done February 2006 was to replace a homemade screen over a culvert with a regulation CB. Any "road flooding problem" (Item l) is overtopping of the inadequate ditch/culvert system flowing westward along the north side of 144th Street: Most of this flow originating from the stormwater rushing down the west side of the 162nd Ave ROW (and into Gragg's, Chin's and Gammell's property from the eastward leg of that stormwater before it reaches 162nd Ave). 2. The "nuisance flooding problem" (Gragg, Chin, Gammel Complaint) gets to the heart of my primary concern about the deficiency of the Report. I want to avoid turmoil at the Plat Hearing. Gragg says that their attorney advised them to Hold Back until they see what unfolds at the LG Plat Hearing. Gragg is adamant that the presently inert culvert system must be activated including a culvert section passing under 142nd Street SE to bypass a portion of the storm water illegally diverted by Leroy Nabor (1975). 3. The idea of "--tight-lining the runoff down the proposed extension of 162nd Ave SE" is good. BTW, in the meeting with Whittaker (August 12), he said that Kris Langley (DDES Transportation) seems to prefer this, worried about wayward cars plunging into the 8' deep chasm conveying the stormwater. 4. IMO, the statement about "diverting drainage from this wetland system" is unnecessary and inflammatory (to some). Any wetland on the Smith property is a product of the aforementioned illegal diversion by Nabor. I would like Item 4 deleted. As a sidebar, in May 2000, Dave Casey (my engineer at that time) said that Whittaker wanted the 18" CMP, now crossing 144th street (at CB-I8A), enlarged to 24", so as to handle the flows inadequately handled by the ditch/culvert system along the NORTH side of 144th street. This crossover CMP is not shown in your Figure 6. The reasoning then follows that if this crossover is enlarged, the culvert system along the SOUTH side of 144th should also be enlarged to 24" for consistency. I am also puzzled that your diagrams in the Report do not show this enormous runoff down the 162nd Avenue ROW. Related to this, I wire-brushed Whittaker (August 12 meeting) a bit for "reigning you in" to emphasize 144th Street. I was also surprised that Bruce seemed unaware of the Gragg et al flooding problem, or the incomplete culvert system along 160th Ave that these Complainants demand be completed soon: Over the past three years, I have talked _:,8-times with Gragg about this, and he knows the Right Thing to Do. And I am with him. 09/28/2007 I B--12 Wetland Consulting, Inc. 1.0 LIBERTY GARDENS CRITICAL AREAS ANALYSIS REPORT and CONCEPTUAL MITIGATION PLAN INTRODUCTION This report describes jurisdictional wetlands and streams observed on the Liberty Gardens (Petrie) property, a roughly square, 8.9-acre property located off J 64'h Avenue SE in unincorporated King County, Washington. The site is surrounded by a school to the east, residential and undeveloped forest to the south. undeveloped forest to the west, and residential properties to the north. The site contains a small Class 3 intermittent stream with associated Class 2 riparian wetland surrounding the stream. 1..: \ ,,, 2.0 METHODOLOGY ..,., .... 1 ' ~,,;<" .'.?..-~,% ~' "''l Ed Sewall of B-twelve harked the wetland edges and the centerline of the stream on the ,ite on September 12, 200L Darcey Miller verified the delineation on September 28, 004. iii colors were identified using the 1990 Edited and Revised Edition of the Munsell Soil ·tor Charts (Kollmorgen Instruments Corp. 1990). The wetland on site was identified 'lg methodology described in the Washington State Wetlands Identification Manual WOE, March 1997). This is the methodology currently recognized by King County A Sewall Wetland Consultina. tn~ ~ •iiill.i· .. ·· .. -,--... --= ------------------------------------==-- 5.1 Driveway Crossing RE: Wetland Report/Conceptual Mitigation Liberty Gardens/#A 1-186 B-12 Wetland Consulting, Inc. November J 9, 2004 Page 6 We believe that the driveway crossing the wetland/stream meets the requirements of the "Driveway Crossing Wetland" and "Stream Crossings" portions of the King County Code (Sections 21A.24J30.N and 21A.24.370.G). The road crossing is necessary, as no other alternative is practical, The impact will be minimized in that the bridge will avoid direct wetland and stream impacts. In addition, the driveway at each end of the bridge will be supported by retaining walls, so as to avoid fill slopes that would extend into the wetland and buffers. The wetland hydrology and flood storage capacity are not expected to change; the bridge will allow the hydrology to continue to flow through, and wetland will not be filled. The stream crossing will also comply with the King County Code, Section 21A.24.370.G in that the design employs a bridge so as not to disturb the stream flow. The stream is not considered a salmonid stream; therefore, the crossing will not affect ESA species. The bridge footings will not be placed below the OHWMs of the stream. The crossing, because it is a bridge, will not diminish the flood-carrying capacity of the stream. This crossing will be the only crossing of the sensitive area. 5.1.J Impacts Analysis and Conceptual Mitigation Plan The impacts to the sensitive areas associated with the crossing will be fairly minor. As noted above, the proposed crossing is at the same location as an existing path and footbridge. The driveway crossing will impact a small portion of the Class 2 wetland (358 sf) only in that the bridge will be located over it (See Sheet W-1.) Approximately 20 linear feet of stream will be located under the proposed bridge. The driveway areas on each end of the bridge will be a maximum of20' wide, and therefore will affect a total of 2,165 sf of buffer. This width will include both the driving surface and the retaining walls. Additional construction details will be provided in future engineering plans. The impacts associated with this construction activity include minimal loss of wildlife habitat functions and an insignificant loss of water quality functions. Vegetation to be affected in the sensitive areas is mainly scattered herbaceous and shrub plants, as well as several evergreen and deciduous trees. However, all efforts will be made to avoid trees during driveway construction. Stormwater storage capacity is not significantly impacted, as the culvert will maintain the historic hydrologic flow. The mitigation opportunities on the site are very limited, as the majority of the site is densely forested. Mitigation for the impacts to the sensitive areas includes buffer addition and the enhancement of buffer areas near the driveway. Areas that are currently scrub-shrub or deciduous forest will be planted with scattered conifers. Buffer addition for the buffer impacts will be provided at a I:! replacement ratio (mitigation: impact), and will therefore be approximately 2,165 sf. Buffer addition for the wetland/stream impacts will be provided at a 2: I replacement ration (mitigation: impact) and will 1 CIVIL ENGINEERH~G, LANO f-'LANNING. SURVEYING. ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES King County Department of Development and Environmental Services Land Use Services Division Attn: Ms. Trishah Bull, Planner II Current Planning Section 900 Oakesdale Avenue S.W. Renton, WA 98055-1219 N ovcmber 22, 2006 RE: Resubmittal of Additional Information and/or Studies Preliminary Plat of Liberty Gardens King County File No. L04P0034 Our Job No. 12424 Dear Ms. Bull: RECEIVED NOV 2 2 2006 KING COUNTY LAND USE SERVICES l8-E~)SION I LO+POO!>i I am enclosing the following documents for your use in reviewing the proposed plat of Libe1ty Gardens. L Twenty-five copies of the revised plat map, road/drainage plan, and park plan prepared by Barghausen Consulting Engineers, Inc. 2. Ten copies of the 162nd Avenue S.E. extension plan 3. Ten copies of a Level II Traffic Impact Analysis prepared by DN Traffic Consultants dated October 31, 2006 4, Twenty-four copies of the revised SEPA Checklist dated November 19, 2006 For your use in reviewing the enclosed documents, the following is a brief summary to the Plat Screening Transmittal letter dated May 24, 2005. Recreation Space: Per KCC 2JA.]4,]80, the proposed plat is required to provide 390 square feet of recreation space per lor. Provide a conceptual recreation plan indicating the type of improvements (Le. sport court, play structure, benches, landscaping, etc.) proposed. For developments of 26-50 dwelling units, at least two or more of the recreation facilities listed shall be provided in addition to the tot lot or children's play area: a. playground equipment; b. C. sport court; ,port field; d. tennis court; or e. any other recreation facility proposed by the applicant and approved by the director. Response: As required by KCC 21A.l4.l80, we have provided a preliminary park and landscape plan that incorporates two play structures. Please note the project is proposing an underground 18215 72ND AVENUE SOUTH KENT, WA 98032 (425) 251-6222 /425} 251-8782 FAX BRANCH OFFICES t OLYMPIA. WA + TACOMA. WA t SACRAMENTO. CA t TEMECULA. CA www.barghausen.com King County Department of Development and Environmental Services Land Use Services Division Attn: Ms. Trishah Bull. Planner II Cun-ent Planning Section -4-November 22, 2006 King County. With this application we are submitting the prefen-ed option of extending 162nd Avenue S.E. to S.E. 144th Street. A plan and profile of this proposed extension has been enclosed for review and approval. Wetlands: The wetland areas were flagged and surveyed however the flagging for Wetland C is no longer there. Wetland C will need to be re-flagged and verified. Please contact Nick Gillen at 206-296-7141 after the re-flagging is completed. Response: It is our understanding from the previous engineer (Daley-Mon-ow-Poblete, Inc.) that this information was provided to King County and reviewed by Nick Gillen. As a result of the revised plat layout, approximately 2,686 square feet of wetland and approximately 15,538 square feet of buffer will be disturbed as a result of the extension of 162nd Avenue S.E. We have provided an increase in the on-site stream/wetland buffer of 16,868 square feet of buffer makeup area. With respect to the lost wetland area, we are proposing to provide a wetland mitigation payment. This option was discussed with Nick Gillen at the King County meeting several months ago. A report on the impacts of Liberty Gardens frontage improvements is being prepared by Chad Armour, LLC and will be submitted to King County under a separate cover letter. Furthermore, as a result of the extension of 162nd Avenue S.E. for the plats of Liberty Gardens, Cavalla, and Threadgill, a stream enhancement plan submitted under a separate cover letter. Please note that we have also enclosed 24 copies of the revised SEPA Environmental Checklist. As discussed, the preliminary plat of Liberty Gardens has been revised based on comments received from King County with regard to secondary access, frontage improvements, and the proposed street vacations. We have revised the preliminary plat and associated documents accordingly. GWP/tep/ath l 2424c.005.doc enc: As Noted cc: Mr. David Petrie w/etJr;.... Respectfully, G. Wayne Potter Project Manager Mr. Curtis Schuster, KBS Development Corporation Mr. Daniel K. Balmelli, Barghausen Consulting Engineers, Inc. Mr. Ali Sadr, Barghausen Consulting Engineers, Inc. ' • CHAD ARMOUR, LLC 6500 1261 h Avenue S.E. Bellevue, Washington 98006-3941 (425) 641-9743 (425) 643-3499 (fax) May 16, 2007 Mr. Dave Petrie 811 South 273'd Court De Moines, Washington 98198 Subject: Conceptual Wetland Mitigation Plan (revised) Liberty Gardens Preliminary Plat (L04P0034) King County, Washington \{:i@9Ecbad\J \ Sl ON Ii Ii. ' -I_, ___ •• ~-,_- RECEIVED JUL 11 2007 KING COUNTY LAND USE SERVICES Dear Mr. Petrie L.n4Poo~+ We revised our conceptual mitigation plan based on information provided to us by Mr. Nick Gillen in the meeting we had on February 28, 2007 and the fee-in-lieu spreadsheet on March 14, 2007. As you will recall, we chose the fee-in-lieu option to mitigate for unavoidable impacts to wetlands because the area available on the site for mitigation is the location of a mature forest. The following describes our approach in revising the conceptual mitigation plan including the estimated cost to construct a wetland off of the site. PROPOSED DEVELOPMENT PLAN Mr. Dave Petrie (Proponent) proposes to construct 37 single-family homes on the 8.95- acre Liberty Garden site (see Preliminary Plat of Liberty Gardens). To do so, it will be necessary to construct new roads and storm management facilities (see Preliminary Grading and Storm Drainage Plan of Liberty Gardens). The road will impact a total of 2,387 square feet (sf) of Class 2 wetland and 14,840 sf of buffer (Table 1 and Preliminary Plat of Liberty Gardens). It will also impact an intermittent stream that flows through one of the wetlands and across the site. We understand that the planned development is vested under the King County Sensitive Areas regulations. CONCEPTUAL MITIGATION PLAN The proposed mitigation plan is to: • Protect a portion of the wetland associated with the intermittent stream; • Protect the intermittent stream; • Protect the associated buffer; • Fill a portion of two wetlands and associated buffer; • Increase the width of buffer adjacent to wetland adjacent to the stream to make up for lost buffer; • Enhance the buffer makeup areas; and • Pay the County a fee to create a 7,161 sf wetland off of the site. C:/Jobs/BCE/Petrie/Fee In-Lieu Letter(revised).doc 1 Chad Armour, LLC Liberty Garden Revised Mitigation Plan Mr. Dave Petrie King County, Washington Table 1 -Wetland and buffer impact and makeu areas' • based on Preliminary Grading Plan (revised) of Liberty Gardens • 961sf + 1,426 sf ' to be made up according to KKC 21A.24.137 Resource Mitigation Reserve ' 8,379sf + 6,207sf+ 254sf EXISTING CONDITIONS According to B-12 Wetland Consulting (2004) and our observations over the last several years, the upland forest is composed of an overstory of mature big-leaf maple (Acer macrophyllum), red alder (A/nus rubra), western red cedar ( Thuja plicata). Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesi1), and western hemlock (Tsuga heterophyl/a). The understory supports salmonberry (Rubus spectabilis), Indian plum (Oem/eria cerasiformis), hazel nut (Cory/us comuta), sword fern (Po/ystichum munitum), salal (Gau/theria shallon), and bracken (Pteridium aquilinum). Wetland AIB (Southern Wetland) The southern wetland is a Class 2 wetland that consists of a narrow strip of forest adjacent to a Class 3 intermittent stream (B-12 Wetland Consulting, 2004). The wetland supports an overstory of red alder and black cottonwood (Populus balsamifera) trees. The understory supports salmonberry, lady fern (Athyrium filix-femina), and tall mannagrass ( Glyceria elata). Wetland C (Northern Wetland) The northern wetland is a Class 2 wetland dominated by immature red alder trees, salmonberry shrubs, and lady fern (B-12 Wetland Consulting, 2004). Mature Trees In the Reduction and Makeup Areas As indicated on Table 2 and the Significant Tree Retention Plan of Liberty Gardens, 20 medium-to large-sized deciduous and conifer trees will be lost due to the proposed development. To offset this loss, a total of 21 medium-to large-sized deciduous and conifer trees will be protected in buffer makeup areas. C:/Jobs/BCE/Petrie/Fee In-Lieu Letter(revised).doc 2 Chad Armour, LLC 05/16107 ' Liberty Garden Revised Mitigation Plan King County, Washington • see Significant Tree Retention Plan for details CONSTRUCTION PLAN Mr. Dave Petrie We developed this plan to mitigate for lost wetland and buffer area and functions by assuming that a 7,161 sf wetland will be created off of the site and 14,840 sf buffer will be enhanced on the site. We used the general guidance for completing fee-in-lieu worksheet for offsite mitigation construction costs (Attachment A) to determine the materials and labor to construct a wetland (King County, Undated). Table 3 illustrates the suggested plants and habitat amenities to be installed in the created wetland and enhanced buffer. Off-Site Wetland Creation We assume that: • It will be necessary to purchase urban land; • A total of 92 trees and 205 shrubs will be installed in the created wetland at a rate of 0.041 plants/sf (Table 3); • A mixture of native herbaceous plant species will be broadcast seeded on the wetland creation area; • 9 snags and 6 logs will be installed in the wetland creation area; and • It will take 4 hours to deconsolidate the soil, compost will be added around each of the installed plants in a circle 3 feet (ft) in diameter and 3 inches (in) deep, and the site will be irrigated by way of a permanent irrigation system (Attachment A). On-Site Buffer Enhancement In the buffer enhancement areas, we assume that machine encroachment will be limited to trackhoe excavators used to install snags and place logs. We assume that the crushed shrubs and herbs will recover. We also assume that: • A total of 38 western red cedar trees will be installed 20 ft on center to increase the density of conifer trees in the buffer make up areas; C:/Jobs/BCE/Petrie/Fee In-Lieu Letter(revised).doc 3 Chad Armour, LLC 05116/07 Liberty Garden Revised Mitigation Plan King County, Washington Table 3 -Plant and Habitat Amenit Installation Guide western red cedar Thu·a licata western red cedar Thu·a licata Total Trees black Lonicera twinberrv involucrata clustered Rosa rose oisocama Pacific Physocarpus ninebark caoitatus red-osier Camus doowood stolonifera western crabapple Ma/us fusca Total Shrubs Tellima randiflora Stachys coole i large-leaved Geum avens macro h I/um tall manna GI ceria e/ata tufted Deschampsia ces itosa Oenanthe Sna s Los various 0.041 I/sf various 20 ft oc various 0.041 pl/sf various 0.041 pl/sf various 0.041 pl/sf various 0.041 ol/sf various 0.041 pl/sf seed broadcast seed broadcast seed broadcast seed broadcast seed broadcast 16" to 24" dbh; 30' Ion 16" to 24" dbh; 30' Ion Mr. Dave Petrie Quantit ~~-~-=~---------11 Total Wetland Buffer 92 92 0 38 0 38 130 92 38 41 41 0 41 41 0 41 41 0 41 41 0 41 41 0 205 205 0 X X X X X X X X X X 28 9 19 21 6 15 ' 7,161 sf; to be made up off site according to KKC 21A24.137 Resource Mitigation Reserve b 15,004 sf; to be made up and enhanced on-site C:/Jobs/BCE/Petrie/Fee In-Lieu Letter(revised).doc 4 Chad Armour, LLC 05116/07 , Liberty Garden Revised Mitigation Plan King County, Washington Mr. Dave Petrie • It will not be necessary to install shrubs and herbs because a dense layer of shrubs and a robust assemblage of herbs are present in the buffer enhancement areas; • 19 snags and 15 logs will be installed; • The snags and logs will come from trees harvested on the site; • A signed split-rail fence will protect the Southern Wetland, the intermittent stream, and associated buffers. MONITORING The Proponent will monitor the on-site mitigation areas for at least three years following installation in the summer. The Proponent has included costs in the Mitigation Reserves Program, Fee-In-Lieu Worksheet to allow for monitoring the off-site wetland for at least three years following installation. The "fee-in-lieu" revenue that the County will receive in conjunction with this Proposal constitutes the full extent of the Proponent's responsibility for monitoring associated with the proposed wetland fill and subsequent mitigation efforts. MAINTENANCE The Proponent will maintain on-site mitigation area as follows: • Remove weeds for three years after installation. Weeds include non-native vegetation, particularly Himalayan blackberry, reed canarygrass, and evergreen blackberry; and • Replace trees that die during the 3-year monitoring program to maintain the minimum 80 percent survival rate. The Proponent has included costs in the Mitigation Reserves Program, Fee-In-Lieu Worksheet to allow for maintenance of the off-site wetland during the three year monitoring program. The "fee-in-lieu" revenue that the County will receive in conjunction with this Proposal constitutes the full extent of the Proponent's responsibility for maintenance associated with the proposed wetland fill and subsequent mitigation efforts. CONTINGENCY PLAN If there is difficulty achieving the performance standards on the site, the Proponent proposes to work with the County to develop a contingency plan. Contingency plans can include, but are not limited to: additional plant installation and plant substitutions of type, size, quantity, and location. Such a contingency plan shall be submitted to the County by December 1 '' of any year when deficiencies are discovered. The Proponent has included costs in the Mitigation Reserves Program "Fee-In-Lieu Worksheet" to allow for a contingency plan should deficiencies in the off-site wetland be discovered during the three year monitoring program. The "fee-in-lieu" revenue that the County will receive in conjunction with this Proposal constitutes the full extent of the Proponent's responsibility for contingency measures associated with the proposed wetland fill and subsequent mitigation efforts. C:/Jobs/BCE/Petrie/Fee In-Lieu Letter(revised).doc 5 Chad Armour, LLC 05/16/07 Liberty Garden Revised Mitigation Plan King County, Washington SCHEDULE Mr. Dave Petrie The Proponent anticipates executing this plan at the first available opportunity following the receipt of the necessary approvals from the County. Assuming construction occurs the summer of 2007, the first monitoring event will occur the following spring. The Proponent will submit a monitoring report as indicated previously. Maintenance will occur within four months following submission of the monitoring report. Subsequent monitoring, reporting, and maintenance will follow the same schedule during the subsequent years. LIMITATIONS Work for this project was performed, and this mitigation plan prepared, in accordance with generally accepted professional practices for the nature and conditions of the work completed in the same or similar localities, at the time the work was performed. It is intended for the exclusive use of Mr. Dave Petrie and his assigns for specific application to the referenced property. This report is not meant to represent a legal opinion. No other warranty, express or implied, is made. It should be noted that wetland mitigation planning is an inexact science. Biological professionals may disagree on the nature and extent of mitigation plans. Final acceptance of this wetland mitigation plan is the responsibility of the penmitting authority. Accordingly, the wetland mitigation plan developed for this plat should be reviewed by the appropriate permitting authority prior to committing to detailed planning and design activities. REFERENCES 8-12 Wetland Consulting, Inc. 2004. Liberty Gardens Critical Areas Analysis Area Report & Conceptual Mitigation Plan, King County WA. Prepared for Mr. Dave Petrie, 811 S. 273'd Ct., Des Moines, WA 98198. King County. Undated. Mitigation Reserves Program, Fee-In-Lieu Worksheet. C:/Jobs/BCE/Petrie/Fee In-Lieu Letter(revised).doc 6 Chad Armour, LLC 05116107 ' ,, Liberty Garden Revised Mitigation Plan King County, Washington Mr. Dave Petrie Any questions regarding our work and this plan, the presentation of the information, and the interpretation of the data are welcome and should be referred to the undersigned. Sincerely, Chad Armour, LLC C44~ Chad Armour Principal Attachments: Figure 1 -Vicinity Map Figure -Preliminary Plat Map of Liberty Gardens Figure -Preliminary Grading and Storm Drainage Plan of Liberty Gardens Figure -Significant Tree Retention Plan of Liberty Gardens Attachment A -Mitigation Reserves Program. Fee-In-Lieu Worksheet cc: Wayne Potter, Barghausen Consulting Engineers Nick Gillen, King County DOES CJJobs/BCE/Petrie/Fee In-Lieu Letter(revised).doc 7 Chad Armour, LLC 05/16/07 CHAD ARMOUR, LLC May 16, 2007 Mr. Curtis Schuster KBS Development Corporation 12320 NE B'h Street, Suite 100 Bellevue, Washington 98005 Subject: Conceptual Wetland Mitigation Plan 162nd Avenue SE -Proposed Extension King County, Washington Dear Mr. Schuster: 6500 1261h Avenue S.E. Bellevue, Washington 98006-3941 (425) 641-9743 (425) 643-3499 (fax) chad@chadarmour.com RECEIVED JUL 1 1 2007 KING COUNTY LAND USE SERVICES The following plan presents our approach to mitigating for unavoidable impacts to the buffer of Type 3 streams. We first looked for the opportunity to make up lost area on the site. Then, assuming that off-site mitigation is necessary and possible, we estimated the cost to rehabilitate an off-site degraded buffer. PROPOSED DEVELOPMENT PLAN Three different plats, Cavalla, Liberty Gardens, & Threadgill, are soon to be the location of single-family homes (Figure 1 ). Access to these plats is primitive or non-existent and will need to be constructed and upgraded. The preferred alternative to access these three sites is to construct a half a road (162nd Avenue SE) extending north from SE 1441h Street. This road will be about 625 feet (ft) long and connect with the soon to be constructed 162nd Avenue SE along the western boundary of the Liberty Gardens Preliminary Plat (Figure 2). The road extension project for the three development proposals is being managed by KBS Development Corporation (Proponent). We understand that the streams associated with the 162nd Avenue SE extension is subject to the sensitive areas ordinance. We also understand that because there is not enough area available on site to make up for unavoidable impacts, additional mitigation will use the Mitigation Reserves Program MAIN FILE Copy EXISTING CONDITIONS A Type 3 stream flows down the 162nd Avenue SE Right of Way (Figure 2 -Primary Type 3 Stream). The drainage originates north and west of the Right of Way (ROW). It is alternately located in a roadside ditch and buried culvert adjacent to 1581h Avenue SE, SE 1361h Street, and 1601h Avenue SE before it is discharged to the Smith property (Parcel No. 145750-0110). After flowing across the Smith property initially as sheet flow and then in a culvert/ditch system, it is discharged to an "engineered" ravine adjacent to Rich Lea Crest. Here the walls of the stream are short and steep and lined with quarry spalls. The stream turns south when it meets the 162nd Avenue SE ROW and flows through a deep narrow ravine. The stream discharges to an engineered (ie., constructed) stormwater detention pond that is connected to an underground stormwater conveyance system that presumably discharges to the Cedar River. C:/Jobs/BCE/Cavalla/Fee In-Lieu Letter.doc Chad Armour, LLC ( 05/1~ ~,0 162"d Avenue SE Extension Mitigation Plan King County, Washington KBS Development Another Type 3 stream (Secondary Type 3 Stream) flows into the northern or upper end of the storm water retention pond. This stream crosses Liberty Gardens and a cleared area to the south before joining the Primary Type 3 stream. Stream Buffer The plant communities in the 162nd Avenue SE ROW adjacent to the stream include immature forest, a thick tangle of blackberry shrubs, and mowed grass. The buffer adjacent to the stormwater pond along the lower -250 ft of the ROW generally supports grass and a few Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesil) trees. From the pond's eastern slopes and a point about -100 ft to the east the plant community includes a few deciduous trees growing through dense Himalayan blackberry (Rubus discolor) shrubs. The upper or northern -300 ft of the ROW is the location of an immature forest composed of big-leaf maple (Acer macrophyllum), Douglas-fir, black cottonwood (Popu/us balsamifera), and red alder (A/nus rubra) trees growing among a thick tangle of shrubs, including blackberries. In one location the back of a home and associated out building in Rich Lea Crest are located within a few feet of the west bank of the Primary Type 3 Stream. CONCEPTUAL MITIGATION PLAN The plan is to: • Straighten the Primary Type 3 Stream; • Route the Secondary Type 3 Stream through a culvert; • Enhance the remaining available buffer following road construction; and • Pay the County a fee to enhance buffer off of the site. CONSTRUCTION PLAN The site is too small to accommodate mitigation entirely on the site. As such, the plan is to enhance as much of the degraded on-site buffer as possible (-15,000 square feet [sf]) and pay the County the equivalent fee to mitigate for buffer impacts that cannot be achieved on the ROW by enhancing 14,500 sf of degraded off-site buffer (Table 1). On-Site Buffer Enhancement We assume that machine encroachment will be limited to trackhoe excavators used to install snags and place logs. We also assume that most if not all of the crushed shrubs and herbs will naturally recover. We further assume that: • The blackberry shrubs will be removed to expose bare mineral soil and prepare the area for planting; • A total of 71 conifer and 54 deciduous trees will be installed individually 11 ft on center (OC) to increase tree density (Table 2); • A total of 490 shrubs will be installed in clumps 5 ft OC to promote a robust native shrub layer; • The ground will be covered (2:80%) with at least three different native herbaceous plant species; and • . A total of 2 snags and 2 logs will be installed. C:/Jobs/BCE/Cavalla/Fee In-Lieu Letter.doc 2 05/16/07 Chad Armour, LLC 162"d Avenue SE Extension Mitigation Plan King County, Washington KBS Development areasa Fee In-lieu Off-site buffer make up • based on Preliminary Road Improvement Plan and Profile of 162nd Avenue SE Extension b stream channel occupies -2,500 sf Off-Site Buffer Enhancement We assume that: • It will be necessary to purchase urban land; • A total of 120 trees and 475 shrubs will be installed in a degraded buffer at a rate of 0.041 plants/sf (Table 2); • A mixture of native herbaceous plant species will be broadcast seeded on the degraded buffer; • 15 snags and 11 logs will be installed in the degraded buffer; and • Compost will be added around each of the installed plants in a circle 3 ft in diameter and 3 inches (in) deep, and the site will be irrigated by way of a permanent irrigation system (see Mitigation Reserves Program, Fee-In-Lieu Worksheet). MONITORING The Proponent will monitor the on-site mitigation areas for at least three years following installation in the summer. The Proponent has included costs in the Mitigation Reserves Program, Fee-In-Lieu Worksheet to allow for monitoring the off-site buffer for at least three years following installation. The "fee-in-lieu" revenue that the County will receive in conjunction with this Proposal constitutes the full extent of the Proponent's responsibility for monitoring associated with the proposed buffer fill and subsequent mitigation efforts. C:/Jobs/BCE/Cavalla/Fee In-Lieu Letter.doc Chad Armour, LLC 3 05/16107 () () ::,-:....:.. 0, '-- Q. 0 )> g ~ ol g () C m _ .... 0 r "' r" ()~ ~ CD CD 3" /-iii' C i a. g ... § ~ -.J Table 2 -Plant and Habitat Amenity Installation Guide Total On-Site Buffer Off-Site Buffer 27 (6-8 ft; 11 ft oc 52 27 (6-8 ft; 11 ft oc Douglas-fir 71 36 (6-8 ft; 11 ft oc western red cedar 70 35 (6-8 ft; 11 ft oc ,Total Trees 245 125 Pacific ninebark 193 193 193 965 • 15,000 sf; to be enhanced on-site ' 14,500 sf; to be made up off site according to KKC 21A.24.137 Resource Mitigation Reserve ' total average density is 0.041 plants/sf ;,;~ -· 0) ::, "' co " O::i, 0 < C (1) ::, ::, -c ::< (1) :i: C/) "'m ~m -· X ::, -co ro -::, 0 "' :J o· ::, §'; g, ~ 0 ::, :Q "' ::, ;,; ro C/) 0 (1) < (1) 0 "O 3 ro ,l 162"• Avenue SE Extens·1on Mitigation Plan King County, Washington KBS Development MAINTENANCE The Proponent will maintain on-site mitigation area as follows: • Remove weeds for three years after installation. Weeds include non-native vegetation, particularly Himalayan blackberry, reed canarygrass (Phalaris arundinacea), and evergreen blackberry (Rubus /aciniatus); and • Replace trees and shrubs that die during the 3-year monitoring program to maintain the minimum 80 percent survival rate. The Proponent has included costs in the Mitigation Reserves Program, Fee-In-Lieu Worksheet to allow for maintenance of the off-site buffer during the three year monitoring program. The "fee-in-lieu" revenue that the County will receive in conjunction with this Proposal constitutes the full extent of the Proponent's responsibility for maintenance associated with the proposed buffer fill and subsequent mitigation efforts. CONTINGENCY PLAN If there is difficulty achieving the performance standards for the on-site mitigation, the Proponent proposes to work with the County to develop a contingency plan. Contingency plans can include, but are not limited to: regrading, additional plant installation, erosion control, and plant substitutions of type, size, quantity, and location. Such a contingency plan shall be submitted to the County by December 1st of any year when deficiencies are discovered. The Proponent has included costs in the Mitigation Reserves Program "Fee-In-Lieu Worksheet" to allow for a contingency plan should deficiencies in the off-site buffer be discovered during the three year monitoring program. The "fee-in-lieu" revenue that the County will receive in conjunction with this Proposal constitutes the full extent of the Proponent's responsibility for contingency measures associated with the proposed buffer fill and subsequent mitigation efforts. SCHEDULE The Proponent anticipates executing this plan at the first available opportunity following the receipt of the necessary approvals from the County. Assuming construction occurs the summer of 2007, the first monitoring event will occur the following spring. For on-site mitigation, the Proponent will submit a monitoring report to the County as indicated previously. Maintenance will occur within four months following submission of the monitoring report. Subsequent monitoring, reporting, and maintenance will follow the same schedule during the subsequent years. LIMITATIONS Work for this project was performed, and this letter report prepared, in accordance with generally accepted professional practices for the nature and conditions of the work completed in the same or similar localities, at the time the work was performed. It is intended for the exclusive use of KBS Development Corporation, Mr. Dave Petrie, Eagle Creek Land Development, LLC, and their assigns for specific application to the referenced property. This report is not meant to represent a legal opinion. No other warranty, express or implied, is made. C:/Jobs/BCE/Cavalla/Fee In-Lieu Letter.doc Chad Armour, LLC 5 05/16/07 > 111-.; 11lp s1, s- Drainage Questions for Neighbors Adjacent to and/or Downstream of Liberty Gardens Name_-'-/i--"'/;'--.'~CJ'"'''-'?...,13..L..,i.:-=-..,_R.,_,_t __ /J1~,_·~Q~ff'-'-'R~-------Years At This Address '-15 Address /G 22 </ SE (4 l( S 7 !St: II/ T cl7,}' Vl( A,s;.I 1 Location ~ , Garage or outbuildings Have you ev_er had water flow into an _ of the followi~n=: ______________________ _ ] How deep is it? I Duration I (days/weeks/months) , --1 Years , (when did/does it happen) I [c:rawlspace or ba_s_e_m_e_n_t __ ~----_____ -------~------~-_____ --~ Have you ever had to use a pump to deal with the water? DYES or ,lefNo DTemporary or OPermanent pump installation? Do you have a french ditch/drain around your property to deal with runoff? A'fES or ONO Do you have a trench ditch/drain around your foundation to deal with runoff? ~ES or ONO Do you have any other improvements on your property to deal with runoff? )gYES or ONO Do you have a mound type septic system because of drainage issues? DYES or );{No Did King County require a mound type septic system because of drainage issues? DYES or )(NO Have you ever had any issues with your septic system because of drainage or runoff issues? DYES or j\iNO Do you ever have streams of water flowing across or into your property? J2!¥ES or ONO If YES, please explain briefiy: __ c:e~~,~N--b ..... t:_--f,_-~e_· ~<2~U~[~:s~· l~»~E~-~~l~Y~B=§:~C'--5~j)~<!l_D~l:!..~~A-_' ~?t~'~D~--- 3 Have you ever seen streams of water flowing across the road?~YES or ONO Where?_~A~c~· 1~?_c'.J~5~5"t'f-':,_/~?".~f!_.s_-~/~, ----------------------- How Often? ________________ HowMuch? E,:\1 G V Gt./--To F"ill )/IS S'WIMM/rvG Poe,;__ Do you have any other concerns for the expected impacts from the Liberty Gardens subdivision? Or recommendations? CARE -PO Box 2936 -Renton WA 98056 -highlands_neighbors@hotmail.com -206.888. 7152 • Drainage Questions for Neighbors Adjacent to and/or Downstream of Liberty Gardens Name_+R~~, -.D-+---~N~· ~/~h~UJ_,_; _p.J_/i __ __,__ _________ Years At This Address_/_! __ Address~/_(.;;_,, ~;l_S_'-/ __ 5_t__,_J_t/_'-/_J_~S~l--6=f~N-f_v~,,.) __ 9~U'~O :,_9 __ _ Have you ever had water flow into any of the following: rJ cJ j Location I Years I How deep is it? I Duration ~j ________ ----+-(_w_h_e_n_did _l_d_o_e_s _it __ h_a_p_pe_n_) _____ ~_ _ (days/weeks/months) II H_o_m_e _________ -,--___ ---------------i-------l------------_J 1 Garage or outbuildings I ---~---------~ ~rawlspace or basement --~ Have you ever had to use a pump to deal with the water? DYES or ~O DTemporary or DPerrnanent pump installation? Do you have a french ditch/drain around your property to deal with runoff? DYES or jJ!NO Do you have a french ditch/drain around your foundation to deal with runoff? DYES or ONO Do you have any other improvements on your property to deal with runoff? DYES or ONO If YES, please explain briefiy: ______________________________ _ Do you have a mound type septic system because of drainage issues? DYES or MNO Did King County require a mound type septic system because of drainage issues? DYES or ONO Have you ever had any issues with your septic system because of drainage or runoff issues? DYES or ~NO Do you ever have streams of water flowing across or into your property? DYES or ~NO If YES, please explain briefly: _____________ --------------------- Have you ever seen streams of water flowing across the road? DYES or ONO Where? --------------------------------------- How Often? How Much ? -------------------------------- Do you have any other concerns for the expected impacts from the Liberty Gardens subdivision? Or recommendations? -fJ/£ !JJ?t/1 /,~ f\J!!'i PRtflJffE.o ~c)fZ 1J1v Lv'Clc't~£ ;J;/ CARE -PO Box 2936 -Renton WA 98056 -highlands_neighbors@hotmail.com -206.888.7152 Drainage Questions for Neighbors Adjacent to and/or Downstream of Liberty Gardens Lo.no do" l Address 14 2.o I lb"lw.. ~ 1'J C 5, '<-, Have ou ever had water flow into any of the following: I Years At This Address JO ,;e.qr f I W"' 9~oS9 Location Years (when did/does it happen) ' How deep is it? ! Duration (days/weeks/months) I , Garage or outbuildings I Crawlspace or basement Have you ever had to use a pump to deal with the water? IEIYES or ONO SITemporary or DPermanent pump installat/on? , ·. ,, . , ,Jr,~..,.. A-oOUJ ferlf'f..o..,u~+ .J),~,/'\ -lo n.4.14d't,,(_ L-->~ Do you have a trench ditch/drain around your property to deal with runoff? DYES or ONO Do you have a french ditch/drain around your foundation to deal with runoff? DYES or· l:ifNO Do you have any other improvements on your propedv to deal with runoff? (llYES or ONO Jc,,.1 i?vvirfy /1'1'4 ',!L ":5 p~J. 'I ;::~=dt d,~, -" If YES, please explain briefly: 7er @c,o,i) Sy.>./,,,,,1 bft:, ,4.DtJt~ tf,,.,11. /of- It~,.; >e ot#, a ra.w( 5,jl<,e·e -f(,,J,,J. Do you have a mound type septic system because of drainage issues? fll!YES or ONO Did King Cour.t; require a mound type septic system because of drainage issues? 0YES or ONO Have you ever had any issues with your septic system because of drainage or runoff issues? DYES or ~f.JO Do you ever have streams of water flowing across or into your property? (!fYES or ONO fo lfYES,pleai;eexplaipbnefly:A-#t, rLvio•5 w11er 1>,f-Lile,-J ,1.J -:fiAsta//"f/ e,ua.,/,?r ,1Aa In ... ,< "~ ,---/h f,u ..,+f-. c<"4' ertt.f <N"'"" t-/) i r--+ cf s v,., ~ 7t,f $ofl(f. t,1,a,/er 5<.q,/lilf ouf-B>+ <JO, /U<Jr'h,_ #/,;,/<"'riv /,;,,e, ' r ' f Have you ever seen streams of water flowing across the road? ll'IYES or ONO • Where? 8 crc,z) ,/J,I 'f J},i "'< 1,,,:,0,t ,vuR # gf--Pa.th way ;b Ll ~/1, /.Is How Often? _,l-:1</~~'"'~"=· =11---~='°'=; "'"-'-':>.,_ ______ How Much ? _.,cg:LL/,.gHc,_...:_ ____________ _ Do you have any other concerns for the expected impacts from the Liberty Gardens subdivision? Or recommendations? {µouf) (;/4 )o 5t.e ~~oA ,;}/'c..,p..5, {/15{c._f{~ e,;1. {r.o,,Ju/1 profedy /, ~I'::,, CARE -PO Box 2936-Renton WA 98056-highlands_neighbors@hotmaiLcom-206.888.7152 RE: CARE Update: Please send in your statement of support! ~:o Mike Ritchey (mike-ritchey@comcast.net) SentSun 12/16/07 2:49 PM T . 'Highlands 0 · Neighbors' (highlands_neighbors@hotmail.com) You have our full support We live at 14225 164th Ave SE to the south of the Liberty ball fields. There is 5 acres to our north that they want to develop and we are very concerned for traffic and water run off. A number of years ago they made an attempt to develop the acreage and in doing so caused the water flows to change and ourselves and neighbors had water under our homes. None had water pnor to the skinning of the lots. We are also very concerned about pushing 164th Ave SE through and the increased amount of traffic. We have lived in our home since we built it in 1990. We get a lot of traffic during the ball season when people park and walk into the Liberty ball fields. The parking in front of our home and neighbors leads to the dumping of ash trays, garbage and the blocking of the mail boxes for deliveries It would be very nice if the developments left a green belt from the exiting homes to help protect the wildlife and preserve our views of a rural environment Mike Ritchey Windows Live Hotmail Print Message RE: Liberty Gardens From: Highlands Neighbors (highlands_neighbors@hotmail.com) Sent: Wed 9/17/08 2:40 PM To: rtimmons@ci.renton.wa.us Cc: Jennifer Henning Uhenning@ci.renton.wa.us) Page I of3 Attachments: t~~ AquiferRecharge_LibertyGardens.pdf (158.0 KB). HPIM3747.JPG (477.3 KB), HPIM3748.JPG (531.0 KB), HPIM3749.JPG (541.6 KB), HPIM3752.JPG (500 6 KB), Contours_LibertyGardens pdf (98.1 KB), HPIM3803.JPG (506.3 KB), HPIM3802.JPG (380.2 KB), HPIM3745.JPG (5524 KB), Ritchey_StreambedAtBackOfProperty.JPG (594.0 KB), HPIM4179.JPG (534.4 KB), HPIM4180.JPG (534.3 KB) Hello All! With this email I am submitting photos a brief comments in regard to the Liberty Garden subdivision application. The applicant has presented no data or other acknowledgement that there is currently a seasonal stream that exits the project site on the south east. The stream bed leaves the project site slight west of the junction of the 2 parcels to its south -1457500154and 14s1soo160. The general stream path can be inferred from the contour lines in the attached Contour map as well. HPIM3747.JPG Streambed flowing off (south) the Liberty Gardens parcel. HPIM3748.JPG Makeshift bridge over streambed flowing off (south) the Liberty Gardens parcel. HPIM3749.JPG view from footbridge to kids' treehouse. HPIM3752.JPG Streambed at base of treehouse tree. HPIM3803.JPG Streambed on the parcel behind (west) of the Ritchey parcel just before it flows onto Ritchey parcel. HPIM3802.JPG Streambed on the parcel behind (west) of the Ritchey parcel just before it flows onto Ritchey parcel. HPIM3745.JPG Streambed on the parcel behind (west) of the Ritchey parcel just before it flows onto Ritchey parcel. Ritchey _StreambedAtBackOfProperty.JPG Streambed along the back of the Ritchey parcel. HPIM4179.JPG and HPIM4180.JPG show the drainage ditch on the west side of 164th AVE SE where the water from the stream infiltrates. Water does not travel down this ditch to 144th. Instead. it infiltrates. This makes sense when you see the IMAP pages. This area of infiltration is inside the Aquifer Recharge Zone and the soil type changes from Alderwood on the Liberty Gardens site to Everett to the south of the site. We believe that the drainage system that the applicant has proposed has not addressed the existence of this stream at all and that construction of the stormwater system as proposed would be an inappropriate diversion of this stream from its natural discharge. If the system is to be approved as proposed, we believe that a stormwater variance is required to be approved before the Plat Hearing. Please let us know if we may assist in your investigation and evaluation of this matter. We would be happy to arrange meetings with the neighbors who would be most affected by this stream and its diversion. Thank you for your time and consideration, Gwendolyn High C.A.R.E. -Community Alliance to Reach Out & Engage http:! /bl I 40w.blul 40.mail.livc.com/mail/PrintShell.aspx?type=mcssage&cpids=3a5daetb-... 3/10/2009 HP IM4180.JPG HPIM3 7 48.J PG HP IM375 2 .JPG HPIM3803.JPG iMAP The information included on this map has been compiled by King County siaff from a variety of sources and is subject to change without notice. K ing County makes no representations or warTanties , express or implied, as to accuracy, completeness , timeliness, or rights to the use of such informatk>n. ti1 This document is not intended for use as a survey product King County shall not be liable for any general, special, indirect. incidental, or consequential ... K·1ng County damages including, but not limited to, lost revenues or lost profits resulting from the use or misuse of the infonnation contained on this map. Any sale of this map or information on this map is prohibited exoept by written pem,ission of King County. Date: 9/17/2008 Source: King County IMAP -Groundwater Program (http://www.melrokc.gov/GIS/iMAP) • • .. Groundwater Sources I County Bo u ndary 1• T M:.:,untain Peak.s CJ K;ghways King County Water Resource Inventory Areas iMAP Le g end Streets Parcels D Lakes and Large Rivers • 1 Streams /V •' Cribr.al Aquifer Recharge Area [cont) C~·2 C~·) j'/ lncotporated Ama Shaded Relief The lnrormation included on this map has been compiled by King County staff from a variety of sources and Is subject to change without notice. King County makes no representations °' waminues , express or implied , as to accuracy. completeness, time,ness, °' rights to the use of such information. This document la not intended ror use as a survey product. King County shall not be liable fe< any general, Special, indirect, incidental,°' consequential ~-K"1ng County damages including, but not limited to, lost revenues°' lost profits resulUng from the use or misuse of the inrormation contained on this map. Any sale of this map°' information on this map Is prohibited except by written permission or King County. Date: 9/17/2008 Sourc.e: King County IMAP· GroundWater Program (http://Www.metrokc.gov/Gi SliMAP) iMAP Legend I Co unty Boundary ,. Streets j4/ Incorporated A.tea Contou rs (5ft dait) ;/ 1oom.1coo ;./ O,,cy CJ Highways K ing County Waler Resource l nvenlo,y Areas COMM ENTS: Contours Parcels D Lake s and Larg e Rivers Streams The information included on this map has been compiled by King County staff from a variety of sources and is subject to change without notioe. King County makes no representations or warranties, express or implied, as to accuracy, oompletene ss, timeUness, or rights lo the use of such information. This document is not intended for use as a survey product. King County shall not be liable for any general, special, indirect, incidental, or consequential damages including, but oot limited to, lost revenues or lost profits resulting from the use or misuse of the lnfomlation contained on this map. Arry sale of this map or information on this map is prohibited exoept by written permission of Kin g County. Date: 9/1712008 Source: K ing County iMAP-Groundwater Program (http://www.metrokc.gov/GIS/iMAP) ti King County Page I of2 Ortiz, Cathy From: Langley, Kristen Sent: Monday, February 11, 2008 9:38 AM To: Nolan, Matthew; Mitchell, Mark-C; Chang, Kevin; Posey, Norton Cc: Norman, Paulette; Perrin, Henry; Eichelsdoerfer, Robert; Gualtieri, David Subject: RE: Urgent -Arterial Review My remaining recommendation (some were subsequently annexed) is simply based upon the RRE permit I did weigh in on the recommendation for SE 192nd (#1) based upon volumes that we've seen on plat-generated TIAs. Re: Henry's #15. A four-block-long arterial doesn't seem appropriate. If there is going to be a change to 'arterial', I would recommend that the easterly limit of #15 be extended to 168th Avenue SE --where SE 136th 'picks-up' again as an (on the adopted map) arterial. Much of the right-of-way already exists, and, based upon the past 4 or 5 plats in the area, the TIAs suggest that it is a "natural" to have a neighborhood collector to service intra- neighborhood (and neighborhood-to-school) trips paralleling SE 128th. SE 144th St w (/) Henry's #15 and #16 are in black. IF we're considering it, the arterial classification for SE 136th should be extended as shown in "fuchsia-ish." I don't know that we would be seeing arterial volumes(> 2500 ADT, or so) for SE 136th. But, there's limited additional development potential of some of the large lots (circa 1910 5-acre tracts) that abut both 160th and 162nd. East of 162nd, there aren't very many large parcels capable of resubdivision. Re: 51st (#6) ... S 288th to S 305th is now inside the City of Auburn. Kristen Langley Senior Engineer, Traffic Impacts and Data Analysis Unit KCDOT/ Traffic Engineering 206 263-6102 (Seattle) 206 296-7155 (ODES-Renton) 206 296-0176 (fax Seattle) 206 296-6613 (fax Renton) 06/03/2008 Effective October 2007, my email address will be changing to kristen.langley@kingcounty.gov From: Nolan, Matthew Sent: Monday, February 11, 2008 8:48 AM To: Mitchell, Mark-C; Chang, Kevin; Posey, Norton Cc: Norman, Paulette; Perrin, Henry; Langley, Kristen; Eichelsdoerfer, Robert; Gualtieri, David Subject: FW: Urgent -Arterial Review Importance: High Mark, Kevin, Falin, Norton Page 2 of2 I want to make sure you are ok. with the changes proposed to the arterial network shown on the attached map and list. There are some significant changes from a public perception standpoint, including changing 160th Ave SE to an arterial and SE 208th from an arterial to a local street. Both of these have active citizens who have emailed us many times. In talking with Dave G this morning he attributed many of the changes to Traffic Engineering requests. I not sure if these were viewed as formal requests or just items which Planning should consider. Do you know if local land use, traffic counts, collision history, and road geometrics were formally considered for these changes? Thanks Matt From: Lindwall, Jennifer Sent: Friday, February 08, 2008 2:55 PM To: Nolan, Matthew; Norman, Paulette Cc: Gualtieri, David; Osterhoudt, Sue Subject: Urgent -Arterial Review Importance: High Paulette & Matt, I apologize for the super late and super urgent e-mail. David Gualtieri worked with staff in Traffic to review the attached changes. It was his expectation that they were running this through you. However, it now appears to us you've not seen these proposed changes, most of which were proposed by your staff. This is all part of the Comp Plan and therefore is due today (literally!). So, if you could take some time first thing on Monday to review, this is about our only opportunity to make changes. DG needs to finalize this and get it to print ASAP. thanks I Let me know if you have any questions, as soon as possible. Jennifer 06/03/2008 From:smith5124@aim.com ~,ent Sun 12/16/07 7:04 PM 1 o highlands_neighbors@hotmail.com I doL't know about 156th, but I was hit at the ~ntersection of 136th and 158th. We we;::-e heading west towards 156th when a gal come from our left and hit us. That was Jan. 3rd before the stop signs were put up on 136th. We a~most got hit there again last week when so!neone blE"w' through the si:op sjgn. Be very careful ::here! .2c·,.Z . o ::< ---J,f..,0/1 . <'/ ,; . i. IC i F1 /~ / "'.2., ('· ~I TRAFFIC ENGINEERING SECTION Speed Summary Report File# 08-9143 £ 5 c,..,,. ~ .... _______ 1_5B_AV_E_S_,,E_so_u_th...,.o_f_S_E_1_2_8-'S.,..T....,... _______ _..j ~\".' Analysis Performed 4/812008 by Randy Westendorf \. 1 • . Date Time Direction of Travel Legal Speed Limit Average Speed 85th Percentile Speed . AM l'eal<.flour AM Peak Hour Volume PM Peak Hour PM Peak Hour Volume Percent 10 mph Over Percent 15 mph Over Traffic Volume (ADT) Date Time Direction of Travel Legal Speed Limit I Average Speed 85th Percentile Speed I AM Peak Hour I AM Peak Hour Volume I PM Peak Hour PM Peak Hour Volume Percent 10 mph Over l Percent 15 mph Over Traffic Volume IADTI ---· 100.00 90.00 ~ 80.00 0 C ' • 70.00 & I ~ 60.00 u. "' -r 4/1/2008 I , 4/2/2008 l'rt-4/3/2008 ~ 4/4/2008 1300 to 2400 0000to2400 OOOOto 2400 0000 to 1300 Day 1 Day2 Da ,3 . Day4 Day5 · North South North South North South North South North South 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 26.2 28.1 24 26.1 27.1 ,·: <28.3 27 27.1 34.9 35.1 33 35 . 35.1 35 34.9 35 0100-0aao 0800-0900 0700-0800 1100-12ao 060Q..0700 0700-0800 -.... ---- "l -'(l'V ... 4-:i'f-28 12 28 7 24 10 15()0..1600 1600-1700 1500-1600 1600,-1700 1400-1500 1700.1800 1200-1300 1200-1300 12 30 15 28 16 38 1 3 18% 21% 12% .19~ 19'.'fo 19% 16% 18% 1% 2%. . 2% 2°io' 3% 2% 2% 2% 78 154 199 203 203 202 113 51 ' ~~..Ji?:, HL()':2_ '"C>'J Daily Averages . . 10<+ on Day6 Day 7 Daya 3 (24 Hour Days) North South North South North South North South Both 25 25 25 25 -~ L~ 25 25 25 25 26 27.4 I 26.7 34.4 35.1 I 34.7 I ----~ i . ' ---· -:' 16% /'lfY'/o I (18% ' • ('=""2% ---V -')rif----....t '-?2'\F) '-nn, ... '--iu:i i 401·-. . ' Accumulative Speed Distribution Curve I -e -15% ~meed I ~50"/., soeed i -*"' 85%speed ' ---.£::::-.....:~. -' i i ----i ( 34?.~.-_) ------------------,-------i -! I ---1 ·-· .. . ---i--I . i I ., ··--------.. --------------,------ I : -. ---------· -------- 28.27 • ' ?ZJ7 l .rst 3o '-lo ff-{) .:?.. C I '3,, C ?<,'-1., I; • 50.00 ----------I --------------___ , __ ,. ________ ··-"' j i -" 40.00 ' " ' ' . ----!~ -,-·---".------i-----; ---I l E I ' " 30.00 i 0 i -----·---. --. . .. -----------. ! 0 I "' 20.00 ----· ---·--'-··-;;s:-S-s ---------·------• H ' I 10.00 .. ---·--J_ ____ ---• -----·-··------------------------t--·-· : ' . : 0.00 0 10 20 30 40 50 GO 70 80 I "· Miles Per Hour .i...r t C 4-0 ~ ; c.r;.AO ckk Is IMf4 /.,; t. 1/c. -L. '2;,c' Le:UA ~ lo ~l-t(:3, /~.3 ~~-~- ---·:,- King County Road Sen,lces Division Ikpartment ofTransportation 201 SouthJackson Street Scat1lc, \.'tVI. '98104-3856 April 9, 2008 ~ . Helga Jaques 131 I4-158th Avenue SE R4'ton, WA 98059 j .. RH: Neighborhood Tia.•fi.CSafety Dear Ms. Jaques: . fvu_A ltt-10 1 1 l,v , n., , rt-<_/ J!eC-;, "v!.,,;;f · c c<-f:J'~:"L.C_ c....,.~ .4_,__ ~ -~~~ I r--1./ -7 t: ·0,;~~~- 1 ! "" r-! Thank you for contacting the Traffic Engineering Section about your concerns for traffic safety in your neighborhood. The King County Department of Transportation shares your concerns about the impact of vehicular traffic on residential neighborhoods and is working jointly with the King County Police to improve residential traffic safety. The enclosed brochures provide ways in which you and your family, friends and neighbors can contribute to traffic safety. These brochures contain suggestions and tips which you may adopt, as well as telephone numbers for your convenience in obtaining assistance from the Department of Transportation and the King County Sheriff's Office. · .. Thank you for your inquiry. If you have any questions or additional concerns, please do not .J . hesitate to contact me at (206) 263-6125. -~ Sincerely I ' Enclosures i cc: Sheriff's Office, Special Operations Section ATTN: Neighborhood Traffic Safety Coordinator /"!(-/',">_. ---·· lclntsp\packletl .doc 2 3 ;:?. 1·c1 q 4-31 .Jq ';> ' &ts If f.c ·,. l.f ;Z O;, 8'3 7 AO.a_ I o3C( l l 3 I s-:z. C;-r I .,, 0...., 'X ( ) ( _, " ,· l'.,.-(,l.-7.~ · I ,<.. ;;, ~, V r.)',..1-(-l "'-'1'.. u-i 'f ~,<) ? 5;-i, ,,.J,4.-t.. ~v"·"<!..t')' ~ ~ I o "'-1 r, t.,_ ,ri e\.-u/\..-l. .:Z.. '5 ~ 'f-0 ""-"¥ L--t ( l -r '61<!..L.... :z. 't- l ",., ~ ;,, .....,.., h '(_ /0 #~7.J " ··---- . . ' (<UL.M4f~ ~; ~~~ IJ~~ f y;1 ie udiJ. lA.A..;,_ .. · 6-~ u-t. ~ -y~ .. $-~ y/, ~.. ~ ' {,~ ·~. ~ 'ti,,, • -·v -\ t~{lut l,·o.4 ~ // . . . /./.c.-~ [;,, /.relLd--=~ ~·· w ~ "' fl I<: , {J.;, !//JJ J~() .. ------~-------, ( -1 ··:i· -~,--~ -zlf ~ _7~-----__ - -----~ /1.A~~{ 2oc; --=~~--&e-- JV---,~ -----------,---~- ..... ·· ' Windows Live Hotmail Print Message D Windows Live- FW: CARE Update: Liberty Gardens -Progress Today! From: Highlands Neighbors (highlands_neighbors@hotmail.com) Sent: Tue 7/22/08 8:54 AM To: highlands_neighbors@hotmail.com From: mrseversonl@msn.com To: highlands_neighbors@hotmail.com Subject: RE: CARE Update: Liberty Gardens -Progress Today! Date: Mon, 21 Jul 2008 11:05:56 -0700 Page I of I Which traffic engineers are you dealing with. We independently dealt with Wes Harvey on our traffic concerns and had a speed trailer installed for traffic coming from 136 up 158. The average speed we visually noted was 40 miles an hour in our 25 zone. People see the straightaway and speed up. We have 15 children (most under 7 years of age) between 130th and 132nd. Speed here over 25 mph is NOT acceptable. We have observed personally, traffic turning onto 158th going north from both east (from 16oth direction) and west (from 156th direction) entering 158th north and heading in a beeline for SE 128th without stopping any where along the way. We decided not to have a speed trailor in the opposite direction (south on 158th), and have opted to request the traffic counters again in October. The results of the first traffic counters we requested on 4/1 to 4/4 (Monday-Thursday) showed that 1,203 cars padssed by us with 153 over the speed limit by 10 mph or more; 23 over 40 mph and 130 over 35 mph. When we called to see about traffic signs or bumps or round abouts we were told we had to average 500 cars per day or more to qualify for any option. Further we were told that neighbors would have to pay for changes to the roadway caused by the impact of modifications (i.e. storm drains to accommodate the modifications). In addition we were told that Children at Play signs were no longer posted throughout the county by order of the King County Prosecutor. It seems a driver had sued the county for such signs claiming that he hit a child because he was distracted by the sign and he won the case. Only schools who have a live traffic guard can post signs. Private citizens who post the green children at play signs are now classified as defendent parents and subject to law suits for collection against them, not the driver. http:/ /bl 140w. blu 140 .mail.live.com/mail/PrintShell .aspx ?type=rnessage&cpids=ccOaceca-... 7/22/2008 Bruce Whittaker 1/8/2007 Cavalla L06POOO 1-Rescreening Comments Drainage: The submitted conceptual offsite road improvement plan for 162nd Ave SE shows a 15- inch downstream pipe system vs 18-inch originally shown. The downstream system appears to have limited capacity compared to the upstream pipe system. Please provide Level 3 Flow Control for proposed drainage systems or other alternatives per Core Requirement 2 of the KCSWDM. The alternatives could be to provide a Level 3 Downstream Analysis and propose downstream improvements for adequate mitigation(sce Table 1.2.3.A on page 1-29 KCSWDM). Please provide an analysis and estimate of compensating storage required for the existing depression north of the SE 1441h ST cross culvert. Revise the conceptual drainage plan to include any compensating storage , Level 3 Flow Control or other revisions necessary. Please revise the conceptual drainage plan to address 3: I length to width ratio for the water quality design of the facilities. Note that baffles cannot be used to obtain 3:1 per Section 6.4.1.2 p6. 6-73 of the KCSWDM. R-...._..,v..,._b ~ ~l:s / oD-t ~1 .J..,e R~J '"'-., , ~ 0 -f' , O""-J.__ o--4' ~ l +_ :" '"2-2-' L.J....:., ~ ~ ~ , .le eAo~~ 0 1 ' Cr,+,~~-;;, ' C. a,,_..,..__-\ ..5 .,,---o...J,. ..,_ \ "'-~ -s::-\--~ n_eed.5 ~o""._CQ__ use_ ~a--o~ Whittaker, Bruce To: Cc: Subject: Tibbits, Chad Langley, Kristen; Gillen, Nick; Claussen, Kimberly Cava Ila L06P0001: ReScreening Issues Attachments: CavallaRscr.doc Chad, I spoke to Steve Foley this AM and have incorporated his comments into the attached. Page I of I Please note that the offsite proposal to open 162nd Ave SE, and therefore the whole subdivision feasibility may not work unless Nick agrees to mitigation. I think we should include words to that effect in the letter, if you have to send out a letter. Thanks, Bruce Whittaker 01/08/2007 Langley, Kristen From: Sent: To: Cc: Subject: Gillen, Nick Thursday, July 26, 2007 1 :25 PM Tibbits, Chad Whittaker, Bruce; Langley. Kristen RE: L06P0001 As far as the plat itself, I could write some conditions. They have some conceptual mitigation plans that are acceptable for prelim approval. The biggy is the off site road improvements. It was my understanding that we are going to ask for a revision (road built to road standards). This may necessitate the need to culvert all or portions of the stream witch would mean more impacts and additional "conceptual" mitigation. Is that your understanding? N From: Sent: To: Subject: Hi Nick, Tibbits, Chad Thursday, July 26, 2007 1:00 PM Gillen, Nick L06POOOI Just a reminder for comments on the Cavalla Plat we met on earlier in the week. Thanks, Chad Page 1 of2 Langley, Kristen From: Foley, Steve Sent: Wednesday, July 25, 2007 9:49 AM To: Whittaker, Bruce Cc: Langley, Kristen Subject: RE: Cavalla Plat L06P0001 Bruce, now that I have had a chance to look this over I have a clearer picture. Big changes for this neighborhood. As always, Ed has done a great job of analysis and narration. I have not looked at the modeling, but the figures and text are very clear. I will be down there tomorrow and I could meet before 10 or after lunch. Since so much of this relates to road fiooding and road improvements, it would be good to include Kris in the discussion. Would this work for you two? From: Whittaker, Bruce Sent: Wednesday, July 25, 2007 8:32 AM To: Foley, Steve Cc: Langley, Kristen Subject: RE: Cavalla Plat L06P0001 Steve, The plan is to open 162nd Ave SE from SE 144th St to the north. This would then open the 162nd corridor, giving the developments a new connection out to SE 144th St. The neighborhood has limited access points out, including a challenging existing northerly connection at SE 128th St/ 160th Ave SE.(bad sight distance). We looked at a possible new east connection on SE 136th St, but a section of the corridor is not county R/W and the owner is adverse to the idea. The conceptual road/drainage plan submitted shows opening the 162nd Ave SE corridor north of SE 144th St. This means eliminating the existing " ponding area " and likely tightlining the existing feature. I think that would be good news for Don Gregg and the other drainage complainants along that corridor. Anyhow, take a look at the Level 3 Analysis and then we should discuss this soon. Thanks, Bruce W From: Foley, Steve Sent: Tuesday, July 24, 2007 3:49 PM To: Whittaker, Bruce Cc: Tibbits, Chad; Sleight, Brian; Gillen, Nick; Langley, Kristen Subject: RE: Cavalla Plat L06P0001 Bruce, I took a quick look at the Level 3 report and clearly I will need to spend some time on it. A couple of things come to mind immediately-one, is there any chance that 152nd Avenue NE will ever be opened north of 144th Street? Second, if the county were to consider a capital project on SE 144th, the size, cost and complexity suggest that it would probably take years before it could be built. Allowing or requiring these developments to contribute to an uncertain GIP is always problematic. What is your guess as to when these projects would be going to hearing? We would need to do GIP scoping before then. It sounds like the existing problem is really a Roads flooding problem, not one WLRD would take on. If we were to do a GIP here it looks like it would be a large CIP, not an NDAP. Some more limited downstream improvement by the developers might make more sense than an uncertain KC project. I tend to favor a downstream fix if feasible rather than just doing Level 3 flow control. Interesting about the 144th "under drain culvert" design. That is quite unusual. 01/30/2008 I will spend more time on this, then we can discuss. --Steve From: Whittaker, Bruce Sent: Tuesday, July 24, 2007 1:03 PM To: Foley, Steve Cc: Tibbits, Chad; Sleight, Brian; Gillen, Nick; Langley, Kristen Subject: RE: Cavalla Plat L06P0001 Steve, Page 2 of2 Thanks Steve. At this point we are asking for a revised conceptual drainage/road plan for the 162nd Ave SE offsite road design. We think that in order to provide an adequate shoulder on the west side of 162nd, the existing feature will likely have to be tightlined. The design should include Level 3 Flow Control(or other proposed mitigation) per Ed McCarthy's Level 3 Offsite Analysis. I am also asking for an analysis of any required compensating storage(if any) for the existing "ponding area" at 162nd and SE 144 th St. I am also asking for a cage type overflow connection for the east-west swale connection to 162nd Ave SE. I obtained a copy of the county design plans for the road construction on SE 144th St, west of 162nd Ave SE(as built in 1984). The plans call for an "under drain culvert" all along the south portion of the improvement. The pipe callout is 18- inch with perforated holes in the !QQ of the pipe. It appears that the design was meant to let subsurface water into the conveyance culvert, rather than out of the culvert for infiltration. Anyhow, I am thinking that the Level 3 Flow Control is satisfactory mitigation for the problems found in Ed's Analysis. He did suggest some possible future project that the county might want to evaluate and construct. Maybe Brian Sleight would be interested in this in the future. At the very least, I think Ed's Analysis does accurately show the existing conveyance, and potential capacity problems. I would appreciate your input on the mitigation for this project. Do you think Level 3 Flow Control is adequate? A,ny other comments are welcome! Thanks, Bruce Whittaker From: Foley, Steve Sent: Thursday, July 19, 2007 3:06 PM To: Whittaker, Bruce Cc: Tibbits, Chad Subject: Cavalla Plat L06P0001 Bruce, I got the update package for Cavalla. Please let me know if you need anything from me on this. --Steve Steve Foley, Engineer Ill King County Water and Land Resources Division 201 S Jackson Street, Suite 600 Seattle, WA 98104-3855 206-296-1973 FAX 206-296-0192 Note new email address: ste_y_e_,_f9leyf~-kingcounJ:y.gov 01/30/2008 Ortiz, Cathy From: Sent: To: Cc: Subject: Langley, Kristen Monday, February 25, 2008 9:18 AM Nolan, Matthew; Comfort, Craig Kara, Fatin Page 1 of7 RE: Public Disclosure Request: All records related to Road Variance for ODES file Numbers L05P0026, Attachments: L05P0026 RPT.doc It would appear to me at first review the issues of concern to the "CARE " advocacy group are issues of land use not road variance. I would assume rnany of these issues were considered by the Hearing Examiner. They were, Matt. My testimony: direct, in response to Ms. High's line of questioning, and in my rebuttal, in the hearing was extensive. The Examiner's decision is attached. He did not make any findings overruling staff on that issue, and disagreed with us (on school walkways) on one point --and added a condition of approval related to a walkway to the elementary school located east of the subject subdivision. We had a different route incorporated into our recommendation, so, it wasn't something that we 'missed'. The consultant PE (D. Balmelli at Barghausen) for another plat (Cavalla, and later for plats of both "Cavalla" and "Liberty Gardens") took the lead on a conceptual plan/profile for this off-site extension of 162nd Avenue Southeast, and has submitted a preliminary plan/profile (to establish feasibility, and give us something to look at to give some initial feedback of critical area impacts ... stormwater facilities ... grading ... road widths and shoulder treatment, etc.) even though Barghausen's clients aren't even ready to have a plat hearing scheduled. The improvements are proposed to be constructed within right-of-way conveyed to the County with a plat recorded in 1907 -which, from our perspective, established the location of the intersection of SE 144th/162nd. In the 1960s --so, 50+ years after the dedication of 162nd Avenue SE --two other subdivisions established their own access locations (offset from 162nd) off of SE 144th --one of the two plats, in fact, was required to dedicate one of the SE 144th/162nd SE intersection property line radii. This one was not required to improve 162nd Avenue SE across its subdivision boundary. The alignment proposed by Barghausen, with this first submittal, has a sag vertical curve shortly before its intersection wrth SE 144th that may be shorter than KCRS in order to provide a KCRS-compliant intersection landing. The road profile may change to lengthen the sag curve, but, my testimony in the hearing was that roadway illumination is a common means of addressing sag curve issues. The proposal at this point is that the off-site portions of 162nd Avenue SE will be constructed to something greater than the half-street standard (KCRS 2.07). Our point to the applicants, and their engineers (Barghausen, as noted --and Baima & Holmburg for the Threadgill plat) was that, within the existing 60-foot right-of-way, these off-site improvements have to have a minimum of 22-feet of paved width, curb/gutter/sidewalk on one [east] side (for pedestrians and to control stormwater). The half-street standard is limited to serving as primary access to "35 lots", and, my assessment has come up with approximately 40 -45 trip-ends use the off-site section of roadway in the PM peak hour. So, we acknowledge that the criteria for half-street isn't appropriate, and have established (already, in the case of the SEPA for Threadgill) that the cumulative impact of the pending applications require something greater than half-street, but, the volumes don't rise to 'full-width' as an offsite (KCRS 1.03A). Ms High believes, if I recall, that doing something less than full-width required a Variance. However, this appears to the STC to be an issue of KCRS 1.03A (extent of off-sites), and something greater than the minimum in KCRS 3.07 has already been required under SEPA (for Threadgill). Ms. High, in testimony, argued that other properties could come in --in the future --that would impact 162nd Avenue SE. I didn't disagree in my rebuttal, but pointed out that --if they did --even the roadway improvements proposed in this preliminary road improvement plan are capable of being expanded-upon (additional widening, and construction of the [west] second curb/gutter/sidewalk) by those 'speculative --at this time', but possible, 06/03/2008 Page 2 of7 subdivisions. Further, that they also abut 160th Avenue SE (paralleling), and have potential trip distributions via an east-west roadway --so, simply adding up all of the future development in the area doesn't apply to a determination of the 'number of lots primarily served' by 162nd. A full 60-foot right-of-way exists ... (in fact, has existed for just over one century now --and isn't, after consultation with Ray Flo rent, subject to the early 20th Century Ballenger (sp?) Act provisions.) ... so, it is feasible to construct, and widen by these future plats. And the potential nexus, in any event, for these "speculative" subdivisions, even absent a direct impact, is that it is a walking route for school-age pedestrians to the local middle school. The school district, at this time, has not provided any additional information in the 13 months since their last correspondence that suggests that they are pursuing the acquisition of portions of the Cavalla plat --noted in CARE's emailed attachments --for an off-site parking area. I've heard second-hand that the Applicant isn't interested in selling to the ISO, so, the District, if they were still interested, would appear to have to go to condemnation. Even if they were successful, it would change the fundamental assumptions of the TIAs prepared to date --and, they (the District) could reasonably be expected to be responsible (ODES, if still in the unincorporated area) for some of these off-site improvements to 162nd Avenue SE, and, might have to construct widening above and beyond the minimum 22-feet already contemplated. Kristen Langley Senior Engineer, Traffic Impacts and Data Analysis Unit KC DOT/ Traffic Engineering 206 263-6102 (Seattle} 206 296-7155 (DOES --Renton) 206 296-0176 (fax Seattle} 206 296-6613 (fax Renton) Effective October 2007, my email address will be changing to kristen.langley@kingcounty.gov From: Nolan, Matthew Sent: Monday, February 25, 2008 8:04 AM To: Langley, Kristen; Comfort, Craig Cc: Kara, Fatin Subject: FW: Public Disclosure Request: All records related to Road Variance for ODES file Numbers L05P0026, Kris, Craig Sorry about the large file. It would appear to me at first review the issues of concern to the "CARE " advocacy group are issues of land use not road variance. I would assume many of these issues were considered by the Hearing Examiner. But regardless I would like to understand this issues better maybe we can discuss this at ar upcoming variance meeting. Thanks Matt From: Norman, Paulette Sent: Monday, February 25, 2008 7:56 AM To: Nolan, Matthew Subject: FW: Public Disclosure Request: All records related to Road Variance for DDES file Numbers L05P0026, FYI 06/03/2008 Page 1 of7 Ortiz, Cathy From: Langley, Kristen Sent: Thursday, February 28, 2008 10 35 AM To: Norman, Paulette; Nolan, Matthew Cc: Kara, Falin Subject: RE: Public Disclosure Request: DOES file Numbers L04P0034 and L06P001 Paulette: I'm out of the office, at home, ill, today. I'm checking emails (smile) obviously. I can give you and Matt a brief run-down. I've provided some of the background to Falin, and I recall some discussion with Matt --back before the briefing with the PAO on the Battleground case --already, re: some of the issues surrounding the construction of off-site improvements to 162nd Avenue SE (the 60' right-of-way for which was dedicated to the County in 1907, after some research of the plat maps and discusions with Ray Floren!) from the southerly frontage of the Liberty Gardens subdivision (in review, due to the on-going right-of-way vacation petition appeal for 16<\th Avenue SE), to the existing SE 144th Street. Liberty Gardens (L04P0034) and the plat of Cavalla (L06P0001) are proposed at the southerly end of the current paved roadway. The distance from the frontage of either of the two plats, to the point where there are two routes available for vehicular traffic, exceeds 1000 feet. To the east of the two plats exist the Liberty High School and (2) Parks propery (Maplewood Park, I believe). The west, directly opposite the two, exist some remaining large acre tracts created by a plat in the early 1900s. The nearest east-west connection for these two, nearby, and currentlv, is SE 136th. The STC looked at neighborhood circulation issues for the immediate area, including for the plat of Threadgill (L 05P0026 --now, with preliminary approval). Included in that review was the feasibility of extending the improvements through the unimproved right-of-way to SE 144th Street. This right-of-way abutted two plats recorded in the 1960s that were not required to improve the right-of-way (they abutted it). One (the one at what was already the NW corner of the 144th/162nd Avenue SE rights-of-way) was required to dedicate a property corner radius. That same plat (again, in the 1960s) had proposed a 0_ew access (161st, if I recall --since I don't have my map in front of me) at, what would now be an intersection spacing less than the current standards under the 2007KCRDCS (or, the 1993 --since all three are currently vested to that version). In addition to providing an additional travel path for those project-generated trips (based upon Gary Norris' TIA) that would otherwise have to travel through a HAL, and resolving a potential length of cul-de-sac matter, the extension provides an improved (curb, gutter and sidewalk) walkway route for school-age pedestrians for all three subdivisions: Liberty Gardens, Cavalla and Threadgill to the middle school in the area. To a lesser extent, the extension appears to us to provide a convenient alternative route for the proposed projects' (plural) and some existing development to another intersection (156th Avenue SE/SE 136th) that does not yet meet warrants for signalization. Based upon the extent of off-site improvements provision in the KCRS, and my own rather easily-determinable reassignment of project trips (to determine the peak hour volumes that, instead of going north on 162nd -- currently, the only route available, would instead head south on the extension), and recognizing that the answer was more than would be appropriate for a half-street (primary access to 35 lots or less), the ~TC recommended a design criteria MINIMUM of 22-feet of paving (greater than the 20-foot "half-street" standard, therefore), plus curb/gutter/sidewalk on one side (school pedestrians and to control stormwater), PLUS elimination of a potential hazard (open stream course that parallels the roadway centerline --to be tightlined) on the opposite side of 162nd from the Liberty Garden+Cavalla frontages. The peak hour volumes with these permits don't rise to needing 'full-width' (32 feet) off-site improvements. However, the tight-lining allows other future large-acre parcels (those, ironically, that were the tracts by which 162 nd Avenue SE was dedicated before WW1) --which abut, and may 'front' (depending upon those future applicants' plans) --allows a reasobably -probability of construction of the additional roadway width: 10 feet, or, if 06/03/2008 Page 2 of7 Cavalla does change (see below), an appropriate increase in the initial width might become the SEPNplat condition of approval --with a corresponding decrease in the remainder to be constructed in conjunction with the currently-speculative, but potential, subdivisions located on the opposite side of 162nd from the Cavalla and Liberty Gardens proposals. The three parties: Liberty Gardens, Cavalla and Threadgill applicants, have executed a private agreement to fund the construction of the off-site extension. This was done last year. On a Comp Plan policy perspective, this is exactly the scenario anticipated in the Comp Plan policies that I worked upon for the 2000 Comp Plan update (T-30_, --and paraphrasing): developing highly-connective grid- based systems in conjunction with in-fill development in the Urban area, and extending improvements within existing off-site rights-of-way when reasonably necessary to address impacts of the proposed project. Barghausen prepared a preliminary design (introduced into the record at the Threadgill hearing, and noted as being "PRELIMINARY") in response to the rescreening letters sent out in conjunction with the two plats that they are working on: Liberty Garden and Cavalla. At this point in time, we're in a review cycle --rescreening letters out to the customer, and awaiting responses back. Informally, I've been led to understand (verbal comments while passing in the hall, only --no emails, telcons or other correspondence) from the assigned planner that the Cavalla project may come back in with a change --and not in a manner that would reflect any successful discussions with the Issaquah School District's letter (of Jan 2007, provided by Ms High) about acquisition of a portion of the Cavalla site. Quite the contrary, apparently. However, until I see something in the formal resubmittal, is speculative --only. It alone would necessitate an update to the TIA, prepared by G. Norris, however. I can provide more detail. Some of what has occurred to date has ended up being summarized in verbal screening comments provided to the planner (who, as you know, sends out the actual comments to the applicant) after constructive discussions between myself and the assigned ODES engineer (Bruce Whittaker) and --in regards to the tight-lining of the stream corridor and critical areas impacts (i.e. potential linear alterations) --a verbal discussion with the Wetlands Biologist (Nick Gillen). Much of this, and more, was provided in verbal testimony before the Examiner --in the case (Threadgill) where Ms High successfully petitioned for Intervenor status. Much was provided in direct response to her questions, or, in rebuttal. If you wish, I can provide some mapping of the area (I have some copies of the Assessors 1 /4-section map already printed, assuming previously that you would desire additional information), and can ask to find time on your calendar for the (at least) four of us. Kris From: Norman, Paulette Sent: Thu 2/28/2008 8:01 AM To: Langley, Kristen; Nolan, Matthew Cc: Kara, Falin Subject: FW: Public Disclosure Request: ODES file Numbers L04P0034 and L06P001 Kris You sent me quite a bit of background on this project which I haven't had time to review thoroughly. Would you mind sending me and Matt abrief summary response to Ms. High's questions below? Thanks Paulette From: Highlands Neighbors [mailto:highlands_neighbors@hotmail.com] Sent: Thursday, February 28, 2008 6:46 AM To: Warden, Stephanie; Norman, Paulette 06/03/2008 Page 1 of 10 Langley, Kristen From: Langley, Kristen Sent: Tuesday, March 04, 2008 5:37 PM To: Nolan, Matthew Cc: Kara, Fatin Subject: RE: Public Disclosure Request: DOES file Numbers L04P0034 and L06P001 Correction: Our testimony did include a response to the contention of the applicability of the intersection spacing issue. We offered a professional opinion that the fact that 162nd Avenue Southeast was platted some considerable amount of time before the two plats noted by the Intervenor, that it constituted the 'pre-existing condition' for THOSE subdivisions' reviews and access locations. We had a ground-level series of photos taped together (to form a panorama view) to demonstrate adequate sight lines at this location (no humps/sags that could obscure an on-coming vehicle), and, noted an professional observation that MUTCD warrants for either multi-way "STOP" or signalization (requested by Ms. High) appeared to not be appropriate given the observed volumes and anticipated use of the connecHon by these three pending development proposals. But, that nothing in the proposed improvements precluded the installation of multi-way "STOP" if some future decision (developer or County or City) was made that the installation was (under a theoretical achievement of warrants, since I'm not predicting that it would meet warrants --and this email continues the public record that the Intervenor will be requesting) needed, and, given the criteria for signalization, that, based upon 24-years of professional experience, it doesn't appear that the volume warrants would likely ever be met --and even then, nothing was proposed in this preliminary design that might preclude some theoretical and unlikely signalization. Kristen Langley Senior Engineer, Traffic impacts and Data Analysis Unit KCDOT/ Traffic Engineering 206 263-6102 (Seattle) 206 296-7155 (DDES-Renton) 206 296-0176 {fax Seattle) 206 296-6613 (fax Renton) Effective October 2007, my email address will be changing to kristen.langley@kingcounty.gov From: Langley, Kristen Sent: Tuesday, March 04, 2008 5:01 PM To: Nolan, Matthew Cc: Kara, Fatin Subject: RE: Public Disclosure Request: DOES file Numbers L04P0034 and L06P001 I believe that we said that, based upon the firs] iteration of Barghausen's plans (which --as an off-site --clearly have to have any Variances before engineering plan approval), that we concurred that a Variance would be needed on the sag vertical curve length (if it doesn't change during site review) --but that supplemental illumination applied as a corrective/compensating measure is common. Our position that, as an off-site improvement, anything greater than 20-feet of paving is covered under the "extent of improvements, for off-site" provisions in the KCRS. Notwithstanding that, even the sidewalk is --as a standard --not "required" as an off-site. A half-street on the frontage of a plat, yes, a sidewalk is part of the normal frontage improvement requirements. At this point in lime, the other two plats --which have direct frontage on 162nd Avenue SE --are required to install curb, gutter and sidewalk on their frontage, AND, as with Threadgill, will be expected to provide curb, gutter and sidewalk on the common-off-site-to-all-three plats for the portion of 162nd Avenue SE that was required for Threadgill as (a1) a condition of SEPA 03/06/2008 (a2) a condition needed to provide adequate school walkways to Maywood Middle School, and (b) will be required for Cavalla and Liberty Gardens as (b1) potential SEPA conditions {b2) in lieu of an, in our opinion, unapprovable Variance to a long dead-end roadway, and (b3) a condition of approval needed to provide adequate school walkways to Maywood Middle School Page 2 of 10 I would note that, across their frontage, and as explained in our testimony, Cavalla has to provide (under its current proposal) at least 28-feet of paving across it's frontage because of a provision in 2.09.A.4 (re: alleys) that requires that alleys connect to a public street (frontage, or internal) that provide at least 28-feet of paving. This, as currently 'out' in our rescreening letter, includes a 16-foot paved section (centerline to curbline --consistent with the neighborhood collector standard) on the plat side of centerline and a 12-foot paved roadway on the opposite side of the street. Our testimony did include a response to the contention of the applicability of the intersection spacing issue. We offered a professional opinion that the fact that 162nd Avenue Southeast was platted some considerable amount of lime before the two plats noted by the Intervenor, that it constituted the 'pre-existing condition' for THOSE subdivisions' reviews and access locations. We had a ground-level series of photos taped together (to form a panorama view) to demonstrate adequate sight lines at this location (no humps/sags that could obscure an on-coming vehicle), and, noted an professional observation that MUTCD warrants for either multi-way "STOP" or signalization (requested by Ms. High) appeared to be appropriate given the observed volumes and anticipated use of the connection by these three pending development proposals. But, that nothing in the proposed improvements precluded the installation of multi-way "STOP" if some future decision (developer or County or City) was made that the installation was (under a theoretical achievement of warrants, since I'm not predicting that it would meet warrants --and this email continues the public record that the Intervenor will be requesting), and, given the criteria for signalization, that, based upon 24-years of professional experience, it doesn't appear that the volume warrants would likely ever be met --and even then, nothing was proposed in this preliminary design that might preclude some theoretical and unlikely signalization. The Intervenor did express dissatisfaction with the use of the maximum grade in the KCRS. As a Neighborhood Collector, the 20-foot section of 12% grade would need to either (a) be revised to 11% maximum or (b) make use of the "may be exceeded for short distances" provision in Table 2 .03. Nothing was presented as to 'why' the use of maximum grade authorized in the KCRS represented an unnecessary hazard. Kristen Langley Senior Engineer, Traffic Impacts and Data Analysis Unit KCDOT/ Traffic Engineering 206 263-6102 (Seattle) 206 296-7155 (ODES -Renton) 206 296-0176 (fax Seattle) 206 296-6613 (fax Renton) Effective October 2007, my email address will be changing to kristen.langley@kingcounty.gov From: Nolan, Matthew Sent: Tuesday, March 04, 2008 4: 18 PM To: Langley, Kristen Cc: Kara, Fatin Subject: RE: Public Disclosure Request: DOES file Numbers L04P0034 and L06P001 Kris I would like to draft a very simple response which basically says to Ms. High. No variances have been applied for on this project and the HE report does not anticipate road standard variances are required. We anticipated the developer can proceed with this project and meet the requirements of the King County Road standards. Can we make these statements? Thanks Matt From: Langley, Kristen Sent: Tuesday, March 04, 2008 3:26 PM To: Nolan, Matthew; Tibbits, Chad; Sanders, Jim; Whittaker, Bruce; Kara, Fatin Cc: Norman, Paulette 03/06/2008 :::..l,,,.o.A_ \ . ~ IA..l. ~c--,-::, L. ~"'~ Gs, ~UJJ. . ' 4-IS<e ~-\.- N<.c..i,c. c.. Bn.,,oe-t..u K~t~ L . ~" • ... ('C)::), ·• J, .. ~~ .. I").~ .l. .. -e::. . ..--k~,:::au \-t:::.. I . '-W' -= ._....(o,Q . -~· \.."-:\_. ____ --·---... -. ·----,-• ··--. . ---·--., , __________ ,._____________ ... -. . -- .. d. c:.<-0. ~\.~ ,~ ~-. -9....,.·~-"-=~~vL~ ~- -----------·-_,_ --., ___ < -----·· ···-·· - .. . .. v,!;lo-.\ ~ • •:: ··CJ··· &""tt.~ .. ~ .... ~ ~ ~ ... -t\ '()~-~~~\'?. ---=;,1 I Numb' -~ er I - Location --------..!...- 144th Ave SE From SE 141 Stto# 13430 140 Ave/Way SE -ITS From SE Ch~nge the map view or apply fitter to alter these results. Clic;k a column header to sort. GIP i -I--, 1 MP I Capa , Equestr Corridor · Fundi i I . . I PAA , S city 1an ng I Need ! Priorit 1 · Priority source y Misc I . --I I ' 1 ! Urban - I j~u~~e_N N N I East i Renton· Mediuj PAA I Nonmotorized m I I . Urban -I I Pedestrian Type Pedestr ian Cost- 000 $0 Comments See King County Capital Improvement Program (CIP) I document or website for detailed : project description including scope. j See King County Capital Improvement Program (ClP) document or website for detailed 192ndSttoSR-169 132-140AveSE Funde d N1 N N Fairwoo 1 I ~AA; ITS High+ ___ ITS ITS $0 · project description including scope. _ ---------------•-- I 154th Pl SE From SE Jones Rd To I r Unfun i : Guardr GR-19 I SE 142nd PL -i---156 Ave SE ___ j __ ded t,J I i N N 'Urban-i Not in 1 primary PAAs Safety High I urnan -· · ·1 ail I $28 , Construct Guardrail I ~ I Preliminary suggested scope -Add Guardrail HAL- 16 160th Ave SE & SE 128th St --------- I : 156th Ave SE ITS From SE 128th St _ -I ITS-191 ______ to SR 169 __________ _ 1 I I ! SE 128th St. ITS From 148th Ave : ITS-28 I r---r ' ' I _ 1 1T_§_:34 NC- SE to Mat \(~lley Road 164th Ave SE ITS From SE 128th St. to SE May Valley Rd. ; -·-----t· 156th Ave SE From SE 142 Pl To : Unfun: ' SE 128 St · d.::.rl " --------- East I Renton N PAA I --wroan--; · "'" ,. I N ! East ' Unfun: Renton I . I 156AveSE ded; N ! N N I PAA -,-T--T --,- I left-turn lane 1n the WB/EB High I HAL I Safety , $388 directions ~ --1----------1-Pr'ov1de Intelligent Transportation I I I System improvements which could Med1u I lmclude cameras pavement sensors m ITS I ITS I $172 speed warning system I IProV1de lnten1genrnansportat1on ?~f~tt ITS SE 128 St 1 I i i Urban - I , . I East I --~;~~n~N(_N j_ N •:~i"L_ITS_JLow ______ lT§ I I i I System improvements which could :include cameras; vehicle detection; !synchronize signals; ITS I $3.819 .communications Misc Unfun I ded N.(_N _____ _ Unfun I I ! i I i N East Renton! ·uPAA I rban -I East I Renton ITS Low ITS , Provide Intelligent Transportation f System improvements which could ITS _ :$1.328 ~nclude cameras; vehicle_ detection Pedestr· I 5.40 SE 128 St 156 Ave SE . d~~---~ J_ __ N __ t-' N PAA I Nonmotorized_ 1 Orban~; , TBD Pedestrian ian $437 Provide Nonmotor_i_zed Facility OP- INT-52 156th Ave SE & SE 142nd PL , OP-RDj SE 128th St From 168 Ave SE To E · 21 I OF 169 Ave SE __ _ 156 Ave SE SE 128 St i East ! I , I Unfun I Renton' I ded i N N N PAA 1--Operations_1 TBD : Unfun ded N N N Urban-I 1 Not in I primary: PAAs Capacity Minor Hii!h Op~ra~~n~ O_e_erational --.- Operati anal Evaluate for turn Janes +---------+ $640 ; Operati anal Improve Sight Distance--Tum $1,071 !channels ) I ! I 1u,uan-1 , I ' ! East i I OP-RD 154th Pl SE/ SE 142 Pl From SE Unfun · Renton I I Operati I ___ ; -~? -~~~es Rd To 156 Ave SE 156 Ave SE ded N N N PAA_ · Cap~~~t~!_no~ ___ L_~w_ 1 Operational I onal $2,435 JRealign Roadway--Widen Roadway 1 urnan-; ! . East , : ·1 SPP-: Unfun I Renton I , Pedestr 4017 168th Ave SE & SE 134 St Misc I ded . N, N N PAA : Nonmotorized Low Pedestrian I ian $27 'install crosswalk overhead light I ----, -1Ur6an -i I --- I I East ~' f ~ 1 SPP-Unfun Renton Pedestr 4018 SE 144th St & 168 Ave SE M!~~-I ded N N N I PAA Nonmotorized Low : Pedestria~--_ 1an J $27 _1_lnstall crosswalk overhead light II !! I , ~lu~:S~-• ~' I ~ SPP-SE144thS1From168AveSEto Unfun, Renton 1Pedestr r-----_ ~019 , 177 Ave ~~----___i__________ ~1~~--~ ded N1 N~ ____ N _ -U~~ _ Nonmotonz~ Pedestrian ' ran $26_2___. Con~~ct wal~y _ _ ________ _ : I I East I I • ; I Unfun 1 Renton , I I I sw-s2I 156th Ave SE & SE 142nd PL i 156 Ave SE ded I N N N PAA Safety TBD Signal Warrants Safety $2,273 Traffic Signal ''":Ii{; .. lo i i fi.' ~:,~.~~' :::.;~~ 'i ·,J. -·,.,," \ '\' ..... ' ,,,· .. ·'''' ·-... G:i . ~ .. ,. .. .. .... .. .. .. .. -,..:e~~ J, -,, I" l -)!" ' ' ! ( ,, } j r~- l' . /1 " + TNR 2008 Public Review Draft -Map 4' l.,g King County Legend ~J Bridge * Capacity 0 HAL Operational t,. Signal Warrants ,~, Capacity c:::c::cJ Guardrail --ITS • • Operational Pedestrian rn"---:"....,-Reconstruction tlARS lk I\- 1 Cities ;t I t \ I ,f~---·J ,. ti' . lf' ' ... . I -i~l f . .• :, "- I) " i I Jr-, ,-1. Tholrtlormatlon,ocl..iO<lonlhls'flOp""1booe<o"" ... ~<J<li Co"""' ... ~""'" • V0<1o<y o1.,,.._ .......... Joe, to cNl,V. <-<ltloU r.,lloo K,og Cour,:y """"° r,, rtP,,,Ml'lll!lono ot ................... ,"' .. """"''d·""''"""''"'·"""""''"' .. · i'flOU....M, o,l\jhto to""'""° ol woh irlform1tl(,n 'l,v :;.,,""Y ,.,.u 001 .. 11,1>~ ro,,..,g,norol. "'"''"'· ho1too1,.oolclocl"·''''""""''"'"ld1ma~••IOC1udlno.b"'""' !ml!odto,>0<tr4'onL!OtoO,,lpto11t,ro,l>'ll!'Ql"""lt,,,""' " "*""' ol 100 '""'""°'"'" com,i,,,o on u,.. ""'" ""vull orin1, "'"' orln!oo,no!lo, '""''" ""'' "orol>bllod "c,p,,,,.w,in.,0~1rnlM~ho(~:",1C.:n'1ty i I I i ' 'i 'i I :1 i! i 02!1 05 I! .lMlse~ I I ,-1-3r1r~, . ,.--. r~ :::W~ f--~sE-nsth-st ~ >->i,., sr; 1--· 1 I 11 .,: - '-. <O ~=1(·=-im;g-<O r ' 't y -f--C " I- SE-136.th..SJ ~ ,- ~ - f--~· I ,- t= ~ err. A_,:::: I I LU t= ( ,---Sj 3"J'. h-1/_ ) <I) -/J IT l a, ... C-L( i ~ II\ '-I I I - ,.. I I-r,{ T II I 1 I , l I ~ '4 -cl -Ut=PF C: "' ,___ S£=1 h ~ _SIT~ I I ~E-'14-yd-S,t I LJJ ) -~ SET43raS~ ~ .. a, " ~~ }='.:) iii ~ .<! ... -<O "' ~E.1..4.4th..S.t ~ "' t LU I "" LU '.'.I [ '1 .... Cll 0, ]~ 'ii! ' c"o, I~ -s co ~ "' .d!,s,~E._1..4.5.ff s ,.,. r--=::::: ... ~ LU <i, ~ ~ N ~ ';!!. LU 1 LU "' ... ~ :i:!, ~ '.'.1 <.' "' cu "(f-SE-1A6th..f>.c:) .. j ~ IT\ ~ .. ~ S~- ~t1rsr----.._ , I /; LSE._f..4.ZtlLSt . e Department of Community Legend Liberty Garden & Economic Development c::J Liberty Garden Alex Pietsch, Administrator [:.Jotyumts Vicinity Map c:J Renton Parcels February 24, 2009 " EXHIBIT 2 0 150 300 600 $ ~~re,--· H ·,CH'. .c,.·.t~ ·,',1".!'1 t\' :T3::s· Feet ,. j; '[";? '';:'-,. __ , ':' C_1,:Y:"li _ '.:;J----;::;'::·-, '"<:i 1:6,000 ~ :c M DJ ~ w ', ,' r-.. -'r --1-·"' --~t J ·-, ----1. '. ~i \ o\ % c/01 ~1',:..~ ft 'J 1' V 1'.,- ' ' :1: ' ', 1;-t 'N i' -~ I !'c. i '1 fr -..___ I 1 i ' > .,1:1,11 : -! . 1! ' ' ~-~-~~ ,ii~ :1! ~-· '·"'- ~1 ' --j ' 1-0 ~ % 'bq_ \t ~ 1 ' > J I . I 6 I ;e"f9 Ii·• 1 ' I 7 -, •• . . -,, ~-E ~wt-~,~ ~ t ~ ~ 4 '. -5:-.... · ~ , I ,, I , . i, • I / r --·1' :-. . ' ' ' • ';'.' ·, . i'l.' ~' 7-K:-~'-.-J-U:Ab-D,L__. _ _c ' "-/. ~ l!l\1 ',, . !~!': ~ 1 @.\ ' i, > - I'' ---, !' I' -\~ii' if ' 7 -!r1,;._ ·_ -1, i \ -·. -!i; .: > .. F=-;~ +-' -,, :: ~ . }_ ~ J1v--. t"-'~-t_'._: .... _ -1'"'_\~.: ··-~ 1,, . fu -. -~ -,,. --'>', I· ., r -: · ·-· ; · ~-,' -~ r,._,.. · l . . *.:4,JE,-~~" . -__ :!:_ _,1::" ,", ' . \ '<g .,,.-y_, . '--~·.. ~ ~ \\{, ·:~ ~ ' . 1 f;;;;·~~ (:~~ _' r ~ ~· I '~ _/; f;~ .. 0 ' ---" _i,, -• -I /. (l )1t-. \--' . 1-ll' :I( ~ -----------c .... ____ . , rf A " " _ ,~ ~~ ~ 1 ,•. , ·;st,;.,--~~ . ' I :0J ,, --J ~ ' ' ' , " !! " . !' C. --__ -1 • 1' 0 C " •s l , ' , o '1' rt\ o E! 1 i" £; • -;.i ~ > ,, ,! I ' !( ' ' ' "I 3 -. ~ 9i .. ; , ~ _____ ,+__,,~-H /1.; --~)'- ,1 '\ ~. · \ l1~lr _ \\\ ·. __ ,:>" ~ 1 ~ • ; 0 1··,y·.;,r;:,J·-,·-i," ,--,:- ---~ ·1 '~ \ ·~ '1--0 \ ! '.( jtf --::·· ' --~~~"_:_~"-- ' · , 1· -i-, --1 '" · - C ~ :, ' !> , ~ ,,. ·""····-,a ! I p11 i 11 11 I l i l ! 1 I 1m Ii l 1i;i! ! ! 11 ! ! I ! i ' I ,q f;i ! I;: ! I !i 11 ' ,! _1 'g ~~ i j ! ~ ~ ~ ~ • g n Q I~ i•:1 ~ 1~1111 j:.~ '!~ ;;1rm l!\1; i!! If;; s ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 1 ~ 1!1!'~ ~m i !='~ rl~ 'ii 1 ~ :,18 11, .1~ ; ! f ~! ~ ~ ~ 1i ·,'!i p 11,~ i~~i' :dl: 1!\~ i ~ ~ ~I I i i I~ 11~ l !i! ;! l l! i ~ '!: I§ ,~ iljli '! 'i 1 li I ,1,<'i •Id I . I i 'i( • _____ ___. ;, )I ! -·· ... ! 11m11 i ""iili i ~ "i ! ~ ; i m l~l! P. ! ,, ' ,, _[__] (\ ~ a I ! · i 11 ~ i { ~ ! -\ilfl 1:'· Jr:,,,\ ~ ~ t, -' "'~ '"s:. ~ ',. -.9, • I - j ' ! I l j I li~ ~ 111! m1 i'! !!! !I!/ !I!! lji 1 mi i!m l I)) ',l j•!j !1•11 •11! ;i i,;! ;,:! ii'il I'!! I ~~ (\ 11! -1: ! 1: , :! , ;! ,1 ,1, , ~v ~ /;la ~ , """ .., ""' """"""' "'' : ~ 1 . )fl ..cG .s ("'11 """"" ... '!."'"" ""'9 _, __ !fll" "I" " ~'!_ """"'"t'I"""~ OOIMlITT no. ~ ~ ~ ~t 00 t:d ~; ~ ~ 0 ~ ~ r ~ ~ -, . ~ ~ ~ ~ i i ·_ !:')~ ~ ~ d ! a~ C 4 ~ t::, :; ~ ~ l:tJ ~~ ~ ~ m • C a,H.-,<, I ,.~. I ~~~-; 102 5 12NO ~\IE.NI,),( SOl/TH 1-- ~(Nt II~ 9S0Jl ,-... "" 1~25)2~1-0222 .,. li25,:!~1-a1~1 r...-.: "'--:, 1 Iv DAVID M. PETRIE 811 S 273RD CT DES MOINES, WA 98198 PAEUMINAAY Pl.AT MAP OF UBERTY GARDENS I I ' " ' 0,.,, ••• 1---~~"~~ ,,--<oo ~- ~ ' ' i f ' ' i r z .,.i ' ' , .. ·/ -~. 8 '.,,4",,_.J • I ' ' 6 ' .,~~JO"; : 3 - b ,' .,.,., ~·-· 'j i . ~" , ,,, ;.;. , ,.:; e,. _.1,,.,;;(, . .1 ' /7.; - u -- ' 1 :~m:=~ --un .. u I I .0.::.: /' &VJ .,.-A ~~ PRELIMINARY PLAT MAP OF LIBERTY GARDENS A PORTIOO OF THE SE 1/4 OF SECTION 6 TOWNSHIP 22 N. RANCiE 5 E, W.M. KING COI.JTffi, WASHJNGION ·' . EXHIBIT 3 ) C ,L ' t-z r -50' ~5=~~ ::/::;)·~- d.0~"' t\£0 0 r 1P\.;,.. 'f~-"" '>t.:· I ).' 2~". q -~ --··--;,(<; " (-"!3"' q.•,t . f'_A (_~ ,d< s<c9 I'''. : <Po' "'.,pl'o e,l'---11-v '<-•'--oif ,<"\(~ cP'r-· {,-r., ,.;. L---T ..:.~ rr J -1-.'.+i·--· -·-. --- 1 : f , !,---:--t -l J &gv • .. ---- ffiEL J!,AIN AAY PL/,T MAP OF LIBERTY GARDENS A PCRTION OF lHE SE 1/4 or SECTION 6 T()l',NSl-l!P 22 N. RANGE 5 E, WM ~NG COU'ITY. WAS/ I NGTON i pl'»'-1 : sEflt tJ~ ,:r.;t:.:~~:) ,. I " /• MAPLE ~'?OD •... ,,;;. ~~ 0 -" &-~ .. ...-.. ~ ,•' ,,.. ~1t.C v:1P~ f"'.'-f .-,· c.: ~:~c·~~---=~· ... _--·"'.'-::,::)~. ---·-·:f :: ·:: m ~, i .~., """,,, -...... ,, ,1(,, ' I --} ... M . ~ , .. ?:r:' I < -~-·~ . ), .. / ~~~ 1..-1:-. ... ~ ~§§!Y /~.-A I ~-- 't~ .,...,. ~\· • ~,. ~·:~v·' WPICf-.A ' ).l:.:)o..t.i "1:~li'!(j, ~!!l(Or\~I 1.t:•••• " ~~ <~:.}t ·-~-,_· -~~-~~ --j ~ . u .. !t. 1 ·o' , o ' ,.oo' \-,oP. I ,,,. ~c .:~~6 0 : e 1'0' _______l_ ~.., !"-A -~-·1 - ~/ .-,,.,n,1/-t-l"" _ _..)JU·•'-• '~-· >-~ &~-' d , ~r -- _:r __ ,, ""'· "'---~'~'._-,': i _:.,:.----- f '."f:..:. · .. ,o <:l~t-? l~::z..· \_::/1\ ' -..JO\.·. \ ! ,, ·, I f' ___ .A ,:£'? EXHIBIT 3 !a!;GAL QESC!}PTION r,v,c•s ~ "M.• t 81.0C, • (((l,tJ' .,..,.. '"'( o.c1•1. ''"-"C r\ .CCOl"':)o< re, I\'( "V.1 f'l<"'(L"" "l_('tllq)(_O N "'(\{L~ ,, (Jr "V~ ~"'..( ,, ,,. o:w:: ro.,..n_ .,..._..., .... ;.,.,.. VERTICAL DA TUM, W l ,N -- "'fJlr:rr-Y ~ ~· ~ ~ VlC1Nm' t.4AP I . I Ii d I' ! ! l i ! ae [, ·,~,!H iHH ~.1.1,1. l.:1'1 '7., ~ i ~S/~j ~j>, ~~.~ • ~ ~ ,_ w ~ ~ >--IL (3 ;o~ ::::J (I) Ii! ::::J IL BENCHMAf11(, ~tr,:,:_t(~~"'lt't:.,~CTIOO< ~~,~·~ -,_X( ~ I~!>< a.Y[. ~.L u:1 ~1:1:1,1 § MERDIAN ~~!rr.ill.ej'T'Y\\Jll',(Y~ BASIS OF BEARINGS J"( s UL or"" Y 1/,. t;(t. 1•-h :,,i...~ "ll ---)1'.:'I ..... ENGINEER/PLANNER 9,t,l""..Hot(/5:0ol'.Xlro".;U.T.-;;~.N;.. !:i5 :J."'":n .-.olffl< ~~n{.~; !lf .. ur. (.fllff,O· ...,'!AJll./""'""1.P":l'llt1! OWNER/~VEl.Of'ER ~"'fll!lljQ,¥,OOW"°""( ~H ~l~'"Cl ci.5 ltll'JIIHD, M M IN (l"5')1•~il'i,, lNDEX TO SHEETS, C1 OF 5 PRB....MNARY Pl.AT MAP ~~~~~Oril PJ ~-~ C•~I 1n -MOO ~Sl'.V<IOO\"'I' •=1~......,_...,o( """-"'<-¥ {eoct n 1-01, f'\.Oflk.>.JICIUUl'CY ·~ '""'" a.o,11.(" ""'E all ~ ...... (!!00) "1•··~21 ~•00<""1JIV("'L a :ur.u . .,,, 'l!lln} :::~~- ~J~~~l"J~ '""""~-(0~) ~M ,,s.1 C2 OF 5 ~ FOAi) NO on,.A,fU,,QE Pl.AN C3 OF 5 ~ ROAD P'ROA.....ES ~:~·'',, ~~...__,, (4~l -.J1-JOOC C-4 OF S ~ OOAD ~ PLAN ""° l"ROFLE C5 OF 5 ADvACENT POOf'e!T'r °"'61$ w./' PL I OF 2 PfEl....t.e,(Af PAA<. NO l...AIOSCAPE n.....AN PL, OF 2 9ICW'-FICAHf 11£:E fl:TEHTlON P\....AN NOTES "6~(550 1 .. ~ "¥!CU ~.....iot li.,:O,C,-0 ,..,. G•,O ,;II\""°"°"-1t:r"<--..r ';( • S( ,.., ... "I. 'A<""-'I V!t ""'IAtr.."""0 (!4111,_,,., 1 -:"'9SCD ~l6-l.Ol l9<llf-1'W"Zif'l'C{ ~r.qZ,.-~-· l ~ro,...;-,-· r.,~~.~~\ , "'(~-...w urr -~,ttt ~(~~Attl>tl· ~~~~'"1 ,,. ~LC'f ~t.'1'01Q.n \ 0.£,'-~~ • ..c . ~~" ;v::>4 <-"'i~~ «:!('-~,,*. ~\; ,...~-.,J ... .., '?-J.. TRACT TABLE U5( I 41Uo·11;i --I"·'"' STQl!lll ~fll(CffA-!'0.1 •(1 .otffV'l(Dflll,,o{"IIIIT I.fl! IC/H!U'jl__... 1.'J7l ~[ 1.01';1 -· .,. n,,t,,1,.l'M:;'l ~IJP.•,..1,t.1,1').IIC; ft;'t.OI.. V)'I #fU. nuo4 \.f. \.ID lit; TC'l,lll.v:(-:.,. *·"''-' t.n.tC;. '"""'""- "' ~ ~ ti~ f 0 ~ ~ a.. a: .. Q -<? en 't ~ ~ ~; §1cog~ ~ 13· ~ o en w 0 ~ h h I I • I t I ,I l l i l ~ ~; t ~ B ~ 1i i:: ~~ .f:' .. i ::!... 6 tl' ~~~~~ . '''•., ~ -~ -.$ ~ ' .... ., "; t;.,,. ....... - <t ~ ~ z I 1··· .. I ~ ~ l ! I ' ! I ··' ·"' ·"" ' \ L ,.• ( . ,-·:.s - 1 ~ ,""'~' •.• \ \ 100· 3 ' b ,: r l'P')O .,,.-j . -J , . .. / l,· i '. PREUMINARY PL.AT MAP OF LIBERTY GARDENS A PORTION OF Tl-JE SE 1/4 OF SB:TION 6 TOWNSHIP 22 N, RANGE 5 E , W.M. \34 ~.·~ tl,.t \ ,;-- 35---·· . . .. -·f., .-·,,-' ,.iH,•• ........ r-.. .,t,,,),e,f"' i ,w, "' ', ~ I ( ( I , KING COI.Jtffi'. WASH1NGTON -~ .• EXHIBIT 3 SN3CJIJ'ro A.l.tl38n ~O:l NV1d ONIJ.N¥lci 3d\'OSON\fl N31'13::>lfld3!J 331:U .I.N'l'::>i::llNOtS ON\' NOU V3tl::>3l:J/3'JVNrvl:KJ l"il:!O!S AWNly<jn3tld '°1ll1 1 -~ ~l •-o l · ... 1 Jr .fl ~~~] J•! "& ~t ! t ,-d ~~- I ~;) {• ,,. ·n .. i t:~i 9-~ ·i ~ f t•!, i !e ~ ~-, -l•i !fi; f, 'h H mu r11tij r ~ •• < &99-91>'6 (£SZ) 86186 VM "S3NIOl'I 630 l::>Ol:!Ca SU$ 31lil3d ·y'j mwa • I h !·· H ·U ., I •- i! ~,, -[,. !iP . scr, ii gjf '"? I •i ~,,i tf ;;f If ii ~H ff!f i :hi I !Il < .... () < : . go .J I ii r < ~ s < : (I) ... ~ I= •I ' r, r d ' ·~ > Id· gi' g~ ~; ~l !l if ~;,•1-C\)Jl,l,dJS 1"i'fl....0.~J~,V, ~<,tr:,,,rd))l,ll')l,)'"W; < i t 'tlfJ lt!S· 1~li~!•I lU'il-l,;ZC~l t l zro,ae T"-·1~l• Hl/'IOS ~fl ~}S'r {)t.U 'llit fr-z r • 50· FJ::E:t_._ ~)v ~ ,c\ PAELIMNARY CRADNO APO STOAM DRANACE PLAN OF LIBERTY GARDENS ,\ POfl110N or THE SE 1/4 OF SECllON 6 TOWNSHP 22 N, RAN<X: 5 E. W.M KNC COl..tl'rr, WASH.'ICTON M ~1='1.k. ~oo'l> .-~ f-< ·' ·,· /'. ~ ·. •• ,t '1 ,r<=r --J . . 1"' 0 ; ; ,· --· ~ -:;...:t"~ .. . ---· ·::..,,,,;;.., --··--~ . /S:=fm"~w~--.. , . , . . ... --~-.. __ .sd--;-----,, . .. . oor-wdi ----::::::::;;;;;£ ... ~t:, ~' .. ·1 --I • .-' ........ ::~.·:~l:-__ ..... ......... . , e • i I ' I t!i; i11 . ~,8 ~ t q ~~!I ~~~u hrlu oz ~ ~ ~ ;,;; w ~ 0 O a ;!, <l. <I ~ Z IL C )-~ 0 ~ ~ 0 LL . ,. r . j .J1! .. JI!> . ~~ 5 ~~ Q.. ~·· •:':, I ., t c( j 1 ~ v .... -~ 'f"•·, • j 'I : '' 1/T~ ~ ·o,•t ~~~/·~· ' I IIV..•• ' ·"---.... EXHIBIT 5 i r ~:2~ .- ".; -# ,1.,•'t p -·,\" .. , -~~~· ,·•:,·, I( 10·0· 1---. ~, ··-~~ l ,o-o • ---·' .._')Ot_ "",A"w(N' .. ,~ fll =..e.t;..~ ~,1~J". ~· .. -.. ~,.. ' J4 ----'-1..·•·-~ ,, .• I __,_,, ... --.\. I ,. -..... I ... ~..,.r •. 1 ,;,<,n . o ___ I -'~-$1 ' IIH~·•[ 11 ,.....Ji...~fi fr·~ .;:Ji! , ,...-.,, '°""-K'l i «-o.-; .. 1r,•, ,1?,l=11 , •' --1n-:1.1 ~i ,X,:- ...,._.1, ~• wt '--,oq ,-001-// /',,. / i.-..o,;: M.Ol"I. ooi ""~ 1 CCW,f '.:!£00fF',.(IJl"..'.ii!!l1 -•. /,/ 'l """""'~"C'I( ;~~.~"~;}""·' / ~~O~TION ! ! ~ 0 :~ Q.. ~ lt_ I :it g (/); "'~~ 0 (/) g 2 ~ &; ~ 0 (/) ~ h h , ; • I , I .1 ~I l 1 l I =1 f.c :;! L ~ !i ~~ ~ I I .... ; ;; ;.; ~~i~ g f§ ~-!~ -~ l ! Ii t~ .,,~"''"''··-. i -~-1 'J; ' 0 ,· .s-.,.8 ~ ,o•"'.r ~ "' '!f.~()("'('~OO'I~ • N NII ..., ................ -· .. .,, ~· •• v ~, 1 · ..,,. 1· (C,,,,V IV'fSVJ'"L( .-c: "' -u EXHIBIT 6 Legend CJaty L,mts CJ L iberty Garden Ren ton Parcels I le r-.:ame H ,C ErnG1S_~r0Jec:s·v1c1r1ty_maps• x:Js'.pa·ce s_ 14570014~&0' :,:) hberty_·sarjer _oer ol rnx::: Liberty Garden Aerial February 24 , 2009 N 150 300 600 ----===::::i Feet 0 $ 1:6 ,000 Liberty Gardens Appeal Timeline Location: Southeast of 162nd Ave SE and SE 140'h St Applicant/Contact: Dave Petrie/Hans Korve File No. LUA-Proposal: LUA08-093, PP, ECF (KC DDES File No. L04P0034) Timeline December 29, 2004 January 26, 20~ May 11, 2005 July I 0, 2006 October 9, 2006 August 8, 2007 May 2, 2008 June 20, 2008 July 7, 2008 August 11, 2008 October 6, 2008 October 27, 2008 November 10, 2008 December 15, 2008 January 5, 2009 EXHIBIT 9 Application submitted to King County for Preliminary Plat and Environmental Review for a 38 lot plat Application deemed complete; comment period commences Road vacation request is made by the applicant to vacate both 162nd and 164'h Ave SE on the frontages of the site Vacation request denied by King County Road Services Division; no appeals filed A 2nd road vacation request was made to vacate portions of 164111 Ave SE along the frontage of the site Vacation request denied by King County Road Services Division; appeal filed by the applicant to the KC HEX where decision to deny was affirmed. Applicant appeals to the KC Council; where decision to deny was again affirmed. Applicant submits revised proposal to reflect denial of the road vacation; 36 lot plat KC DDES Environmental Review threshold determination issued; DNS Appeal period of Environmental Determination ends; one appeal filed, by CARE Property annexed into the City of Renton; Liberty Annexation (Ordinance #5398) City's Environmental Review Committee (ERC) adopts KC DDEES threshold determination and starts a new appeal period in order to assume lead agency status and hold one public hearing for the plat and the appeal filed Appeal period of the adoption of the Environmental Determination ends; a 2nd appeal is filed by neighboring property owners The City rescinds the adoption of the Environmental Determinations from the KC DDES; previous appeals negated The City issues a new Environmental threshold Determination (DNS-M) including 6 mitigation measures Appeal period of the City's new Environmental Determination ends; an appeal is filed by the applicant March 17, 2009 Appeal/Preliminary Plat hearing before the Hearing Examiner to consider the preliminary plat and the applicant's appeal of the M- DNS +-I'· 50" ~ r vt-i'i>\...,,._,.,-'i-o SfC ll, T-/J,1,1, 11:-:>.: ... ,,. 'iol:C 7;°.T~;-... - OIOr,trl)YN;;AT'EO) (!i§J}) f',-A f',-A ar5;.--rv ,,_o'i: l".d'Q:*-.,..;:fa'?# .()~~ ,...Pv-- i //~ / . I ;~•- . :--1 I -: -~. I'~--, / / / t--6?9 PRELIMINARY PLAT M AP OF LIBERTY GARDENS A PORTION OF TIE SE 1/4 OF SECTION 6 TOWNSHP 22 N. RANGE 5 E, WM KNG COUNTY. WASHINGTON / N"' '-''"'"'<~.,!,_ ,J. / ' s~"'-' "°' ,:;~ •• ,o t, ;, J 1 ~~I.J"!"'1li'OI.IU.~¥0 Lllf ..... ~ftl~l'(•IM <:-~~ ~ .. ~!:1.'~~.~~ --1 LEGAL DESCRIPllON 'IICNTY MAP f',-A :· : {>J, ,.,~/ - ,..,u-':-1:_.~ --~ ., )~~ n:to,CT",)""'1)~ . .-..:ic."lt •U.tw'l'-1"1..ic.:·rWrCT\.~ I {-·-~ ·')" , . 4 WPS:,j'"ef,s'""""y _____ c:>-...C-,c--. ---r --· I /-:-~2:::;,.:'JF;\"~ ~[ ,.Jf ., ,I-s> f_ }' a• > t r.l • . rr ;,,g' -~ i M ; ;;p a '". ~ , , . 1 .,,./ ,. ~ '----. /_.• I '"51"••C !:"()~11,"-,<fH"', O("(\.O"',l(Nl '(;Q!I"-~ --.........~ rc·n-rf _.,,,~ I' &.'U~/ / f\_A ... ~!H J <609 ,,;~L>' (' I \_o 1 } ,.o... .. oe•oo' s P '\ 1"-C •l\,e.O : 0 10 '' ____ __J_ __ _ £-V f','A c§{i-P 0 ~~.71 \ . o:.:)1 ~ C '7'/.. ~I .._f_ ,"f ' ,_:l:l,G ~>",Bl,·, i "?> ·-"' : "' \ f',-" \ '-. __ \_ __ "'-. I y '.I ---/ I ::.:;~~~ .. ""A.Al(l~r:,rv.r:,,<'l(,(t l VERTICAL DATVM• -·-/>Clltr<O'~~CO'IT-u....- 8ENCl-t,4Afl(, r.ir,;1: ~Ill~~~ .. ~,:' "''~~10. MEflDIAN• ~<£¥ici>.Jl.rv ~ t.e»ITM. BASlS OF BEARNGS ~u,.~,r::_,...;,vt1•.st.t ,,r-i, .. ~ .... 8'Kllf>EER/PLAl'ff:A ~ .. C3CSl..lfNC~llt!,.N: !f.~~:1"':usw-.. i~t.r!i ":l,Z!.,,., ~··c· "I.I '>lJ>I./ ... , .... ,,mt..~ OWNERJQ!;VELOPER ~l~~~..,O W O\f\fll en;...:~-••• (r..))-·Mi•1 UTIUTES/SEFMCES NOTES l;~.?1"~ (•~J ut.i-lM.;I ~"'t.~IIIIIUIICIS".tiC ,.,..,.v,ni,.s, ,.,..,(la _~ (•n ) Z:.)·MOII O\,l(,{"'SCO.,,O ~• 1:i:a ':.61~ A\'IJOUI. .._ l'llllNur ..... (eo:i) n•-•~• "V(,[""''.O.O'<J~• •;i.·~·~~ ... 1'1(\.1,~ ... (-)!l'''l ' ~ ~hlo(;CQM.._-"'( .... fit <'\.M<OC",Q.l'V, """"""""-1>':u,.;t••lOJ/i.:, 9 llfcl,;IA(0 1o'N-LO·Oll(on1.JUr[L 10 ... :irovri ............. <'ll-.(1 ... ,,\fffl 11 -...,.; '.,lTl!,IC~~/l-l,C,,-1 I Jt, '1.1"0'<'5. ?i~~~~u~\ rm tl OW{-,( ,or ""(.l. >JJ!~ '.,(t n I ) ~~~-1;)/>Q(".-.., D*i.£"-....___,..-, •• ot,.J.IL ...._. ()I.Ll"'ll' ~ '°"' ...,.._:,, •!ICt'(·l'lol~ ..... .._ ~ .. ,eoo, Uroillr .O'.llolCAS.I "'~ OU.,,.J>ti -·• -~- • . ...:.COOJ•'·•l'IIIJl'>'""'"'W'..lr.. ll'tlJl:.4,'l<""l~'Sl 111.J,JOOl •lri~ (•Hl~}I}' ~.~.:; cs.~ ... M.:11 (•<)) IJ)l-,WO BUI !~ -. I I_ :I i • ; ! ~ ; ins 1 :::, (I) z ';;: w ~.s s 1, 0 ~ sn g ~ u. ~ ~I ~.~ H i1 nH i O ~ l:'.1~ ~ It~ k_l 5 !l! .... ;:;n ~ -' ~.:.i ~ ':I '' l 0.. ~ ~ ~ ~ i §, ~::;?~~i ! •• _ •.. ~ 1, I 0 .-t t- i-I cc 1-1 :c X w "' ~ ~ t-~ SZ?. ~ 0 ,c( u, 0 ,: lfl ~ ~ af ~ ::::; ,..... w O> "'z~ ~ (I) 0 f;l .q;: i:: '.:?; N 0 "'(/)-w 0 ~ i!As~~:~~-·-... ~ ., t · ~---\\~. ~f}l} ~·1 ,;pf/ ~~ ... I! . } t , I ' ,[ ,I 1,; p i • ! ' j ~¥ .. ;• <, ! ~~ ~ ~ ~i t t !i e& ;r ~"' 1·::i,,,,,~ ... .:i"'~'>,1.\ <>'.~~ "-! :t : "'Q,' ' .. ,..:.:-· ti-9 ,,c;o,. ;:!; -I ., !::! • ? , Windows Live Hotmail Print Message Liberty Gardens, intersection stuff From: zigsterdog (zigsterdog@comcast.net) Sent: Wed 3/11/09 10:33 PM To: Highlands Neighbors (highlands_neighbors@hotmail.com) Page I of l Attachments: t•~ 2nusel2088.JPG (795.8 KBJ, ATT00001 (U.1 KB), 2ndset2092JPG (776.2 KB), ATTOD003 (0 KB), 2naset2089 JPG (5414 KB) Hi Gwen, I 1 ve taken some photos of the inteYsection of 161st and 144th. For some reason, when it's snowy or the least bit icy, this intersection is incredibly slippery for cars heading north on 161st to the stop sign. Even though it's just the barest of Oeclines, it can get so slippery that cars can't stop and end up sliding out onto 144th. Even in my Subaru, I 1 ve found myself sliding with brakes locked out into the intersection. I wish I'd taken photos of the guy 1 s mailbox on the corner when it was crushed by a car that slid into the ditch. it was just this past December. He I'-ad the most pathetic hand-made sign leaning against his crushed mailbox that pleaded with drivers to slow down because 11 he loves his fence 11 • I guess he was thinking that the fence would be the next thing to go. Anyway, he 1 s put his mailbox on a six inch post of pvc pipe now, and I did take pictures of that. So for me, there are two major reasons why the 162nd extension is a bad idea: First, monkeying with that watershed and trying to control and enclose all the downhill flow on that hill is asking for trouble. Those of us who are downhill will end up paying the price if their engineering doesn't work perfectly according to their p2.an. Second, adding another intersection so close to the two existing ones is obviously unsafe. If cars are sliding out of control on 161st on just the slightest of slopes, I can only imagine how bad it would be at the bottom of 162nd on a steep hill. Regards, 3i::..l FACING NORTH ON l6lST -IT'S SUCH A SUBTLE SLOPE THAT YOU CAN'T REALLY TELL FROM THE PICTURE EXHIBIT 11 http://sn 104w.sntl 04.maiL live.com/mail/PrintShelLaspx?type=message&cpids=34 ! 3cc2c-... 3/16/2009 • • < 2nd set2092.JPG ~.., Department of Community ~~~ & Economic Deve _lopment "M<:: Alex Pietsch, Adm1n1 st rato r Data/GIS Analysis Serv ices Ad riana A. Johnson , Patr ick Rod ui n EXHIBIT 13 r _____ j ________ _ ----- Roads Classification t7.J City Limits -P Primary Ar~n::::tl Classification -M Minor AY--k--r-;"' 1 F Freeway -CCollector L Local Fil~ r~:im7 -I 'CEJPJan119 \G IS\GIS_cr :JJe::.::s'.anrc-1:a:1o r s\'J irv1oocl a·Y1.?,\\ O"'\)"CS'to:oc_c ass:f ;:;at o·· ···.:d " Liberty Gardens Appeal Timeline Location: Southeast of 162"d Ave SE and SE 140'h St Applicant/Contact: Dave Petrieillans Korve File No. LUA-Proposal: LUA08-093, PP, ECF (KC DDES File No. L04P0034) Timeline December 29, 2004 January 26, 2006 May 11, 2005 July 10, 2006 October 9, 2006 August 8, 2007 May 2, 2008 June 20, 2008 July 7, 2008 August 11, 2008 October 6, 2008 October 27, 2008 November 10, 2008 December 15, 2008 January 5, 2009 EXHIBIT A (PP Ex. No 10) Application submitted to King County for Preliminary Plat and Environmental Review for a 38 lot plat Application deemed complete; comment period commences Road vacation request is made by the applicant to vacate both 162nd and 1641h Ave SE on the frontages of the site Vacation request denied by King County Road Services Division; no appeals filed A 2nd road vacation request was made to vacate portions of 164'h Ave SE along the frontage of the site Vacation request denied by King County Road Services Division; appeal filed by the applicant to the KC HEX where decision to deny was affirmed. Applicant appeals to the KC Council; where decision to deny was again affirmed. Applicant submits revised proposal to reflect denial of the road vacation; 36 lot plat KC DDES Environmental Review threshold determination issued; DNS Appeal period of Environmental Determination ends; one appeal filed, by CARE Property annexed into the City of Renton; Liberty Annexation (Ordinance #5398) City's Environmental Review Committee (ERC) adopts KC DDEES threshold determination and starts a new appeal period in order to assume lead agency status and hold one public hearing for the plat and the appeal filed Appeal period of the adoption of the Environmental Determination ends; a 2nd appeal is filed by neighboring property owners The City rescinds the adoption of the Environmental Determinations from the KC DDES; previous appeals negated The City issues a new Environmental threshold Determination (DNS-M) including 6 mitigation measures Appeal period of the City's new Environmental Determination 0 '1.ds; an appeal is filed by the applicant .t March 17, 2009 Appeal/Preliminary Plat hearing before the Hearing Examiner to consider the preliminary plat and the applicant's appeal of the M- DNS ~ r---------1 <:,j~------ri Sf=143r"cFSt _ . D epartment o f Comm unity <-~· & Economic D evelo p ment ·,.~ _ Al _ex Pie tsch :Administ rato r EXHIBIT B (PP Ex. No 2) ~ ~ Legend c:::J Liberty Garden (:.J O ty Limits c::J Renton Parcels .E_1.4.7.th....st Fi'e N am~-t,-·'CFD\G 1S_prOJEC15 v (:i'l:v_·~·~~s rxds\pa;Gc>!~_ · 45,oc· 45&G" ~J 'cie t·, ~a·de·1 :-nxj t.u CJ) (l) ::. 1-..c: ~--~ IJ:lr---~ ~ Liberty Garden Vicinity Map Feb ru ary 24 , 2009 0 150 300 600 -.. ===----Feet 1 6,000 N $ ,-.,. m iJ >< iJ J: m X .... z DJ .... 0 -I w "-" n St i-1 -· --· -·-· .• ~ i ~ . I I 124 2 4 ~. ·,I ' .. \el I I i :, i 'j l .. -I )) ' I> •. ·, ~~ I 1:.-.:... I . i:» I mi , ,Aj r · !j ! )) ,\ l> + ~ ~ '' T I "· s V ~. '; ~a,. lg :'-' '·' ,-....---,~ .... ·. _ _, ~:. "' fr. )' ,.,, . •, I> ~ ~ i ~3i ti~ i;~ i~~s :J·~ ,1~ 7~}1 M ii :1 ~ 'llj ~t ~ ., ;f :; DA VlO M. PETRIE 8TI S 273RD CT 11!s 'E l, c < 1& ' ;} ,, ;; I ~ !s !Ji~ ~m ~!(/! ,,~i .. ,,~ I~ !J?~ ~!,' 1(/! ~ ) //)'ti .,.:,g ~ Dl'I l ·~ ljl/.)1 ~ ..s ::-, I 11 1; l,Q, Al >ti 1::. .'\'GU,ul oO&:CCI ~..:,.- ~"CIIUCC, a,,...o,n PREUMINAAY PLAT MAP OF +.z r -so· ~ PREUM'NARY CRACINO ANO STORM DR.u-J ACt "u\N or- LIBERTY GARDENS A POffTlON Of"' 1 Hfc SE t/ 4 CF st{':110 1'1 6 TOWN SH~ 22 N. R,\NGF 5 E. WM r lNC CO\JN1'Y WASl RNCT()N ,.._..., ,:-':\ " ., r • -=" ""r _ .... ..... . ,' ,,; ,.,, ,,' . ·.-:: ~t ,, . ,,-j .,a,•,C ··-~'"· ",cck ec c'HF.4,'!fr'Jif,ije,!':,s~'-' .,--, ,,; t -~' !?~ , ... r ,._f. 9 )?. .. 18. 20 -~~ ~ ,=:.;.~:~ 2z ~~ ~~ ~~t >-~ ~ 0 z ~ ~o ~ l-a: Cf) a.. s l '''" ~--~~ L . .21 ... ,~, .. i -1 -1.;• § \ '. 'J ~-..,?,,I \ 3:r, I , :i2 · i,•, ,\• \"! , .. 34 ,.,,.,, .,)<. ...... ,, 'I---' ~ ---+1 .!l 22 ~ .. , . .i.:. r-: -~ !"l.f'l t ~;-t"'-""C; ~~.1 :-:-•-'0 ' .~,; -----~-- . _L_ ~····-· -·--, ,--''·'-I I ... ....,.n.o.-·~v.,.,, .. , ~·· lK •to,,,.ll(Oot•f--.~\C.O. c o,,,,r,-,1';"'-)\1 (3,lC •111 TYPICAL ACCESS TRAC T SECT10N %:l 1 • eJ f.:;4--- ,ll'llllJl"t'V-»(l'TVT[ac,,,a J 1 . ,·. ,>I f' EXHIBIT D (PP Ex . No 5 ) ~·.,~r ~-=ff•:~~ I'"' 7. ~~ L ----·----- 1..~;-....... I .. ----- i(.-: 1;~1;--'··-~_.,_,._ ,.,.,.. ..... ~ ) ----· .. ·-. -.,.,... ' . .. ''"' "' :~-·'" ~:""'..:.... . --•·M>-/ -• -~=~1 r -\ '-""'"-"''' .•. ··-/--;~ ·""':::.::'!!:""·';,, ;;;;El , _, 'Vo'"IIIC1'0L'l"''"' •.s·-· -...-,~a,.,v <O(),',.... ..... :;o:v.1M'"l ... ,IF! .. ~,0(~00-'lt'.. :.~~X.t'Q"(•C: ,. / .... ,.. -: ' / T'l'f'lCAL ON-Sl[E PVSUC ROAD SECTION m w I-O> ~ (.) <( 0.. ~ 3:_ ~ R fil "'Z ~Cf)~ ~ Ji; Cf) ~ I ~ f ' !-: . 'I 'I • I RI ! l I j l ' i ., ~~ t ~ 2 !1 ~~E ~j c,,.a .. &! ~ ;;~ I -·~.;;· i! ~~~ l ~ ::)"'~~ ... ,., ... , < , X . . ~ . as-~ -•• / 9 •<-" ~ ; _ . Department of Community ~. & Economic Development ~~; A lex Pietsc h , Administrator EXHIBIT E (PP Ex . No 6) Legend 8 C1ty l 1m,ts Liberty Garden Re nlon Parcels I e f\2"12 11 CLG ,31S_::;ro.2cts·-v,c111 ty _maps· -:-· ,.is oa·:e s_ 1.15 ;,Jo 14 s;o 1 50_h~er:y ~<;3rden_ae .. ,a· !"'"xd Liberty Garden Aerial February 24, 2009 N 0 150 300 600 _ffi_ ---c=====i Feet W 1 6 ,000 EXHIBIT F (PP Ex. No 7) Legend c::J Liberty Garden CJaty Umits -Elevation Liberty Garden Topo Map February 26 , 2009 0 75 150 300 Feet 1 3 ,250 ~~ r -scr hf::i:: T \)t'IC\.p,...,-·f'f.0 SlC IJ. 1-2JH. II~ .... .,,..-. ·'.·· (!J9-JJ/ t"-_A --------------------gci;: ••• 1-2 :w. If S£. ..... fl'Ol,Dl!'AC:ATED) -------1•' .~ I"-" 7 L.Ooa .. r,l &--P o\' -J;."~~ ~' ~o~~~"~ 'iv<!! co""~ ,_f."P / /,-3,,1 /1~: .. I / ' 2 /'/ ,f·.p'' .• /, ·' / ,-/ -,/-;----~ -'--+-~-~- .---I--,. -~ I (-o!ffe> i ~-r~~J 12 ~.XIO ,.t l --"'· --I 13'' ~-C: 1.1·• ., •. ·,, 1'- (5;_',.".9 I "'-" .;.1.J,.'(;L..._J PAEUMINARY PLAT MAP OF LIBERTY GARDENS A PORTION OF THE SE 1/4 OF SECTION 6 TOWNSI-F 22 N. RANGE 5 E. WM KING COU'ffi'. WASHINGTON I . ~,,_fl'l·)-i ... ~ p (N~ ,2•/ '!,~O t'='°'· ~ ,c.'-1 ' I . ,. ~ : !:.'( .U : -~i:;~%~~!!..c:"':1fT ~\~ t~~t,C~-~~M~ ~1 VICHTY MAP UEGAL DESCAPT10N ~~ -~' ~-flli'('r..,""'l•.IIUU'•C1:w>-, ..... .<Cllt.lAA.--rs.lr(JCOIOJ,(; 1':lr..rl'IAI-U~rtllW)(O •"".\......C l$':;#,V,N(,[91, a(IOl(.((1,,•n.-...ru,.. •1;1,1•lil•l 1 '---.J; ;,J \ ___ .,..,...-- " i ·:r,.. " i --w~w-E-> ,,.,.,,.tn,1, ,, d§Y t"--A &~,) t ____ --~·-I ~ • __L ' ---h---~ j ~~;u c.-.,\:s' ,·,_1~ \J~'""',·1\ j I_-,,,<.. '-"""' ·,, ' ' ' ._;()~ . ,O i---- \ ,. \ I"- \ -. I ,, "' "''"',;:> . ', ~-..---~ EXHIBIT ~ "''· \ '>,-' --'--' / ·---/ \ (PP Ex . No 10 ) ~AL DAT).M 00,(:ffl(Jl"OJC,,JQO,~'(Ull ~Oo{:- BENCHMRK• ~ [ll'".,.o, IOI CONC~r( ~I '° 1"-lflruc.{CTOI /¥ ~-C U 2NOO,...,U:~ 1::..,11< 'WI. :O l CL·-&,,. r.EAOIAN• =-:1(~~1'1 WM'!' a»lrRO. ~BEARN:lS· M s.. w, a rK Y 1/• Y ~ • 1'1 '11, --•" w....-,c __ ,r,wr w ENOIEEfllf'l.N,tER ~~~~~~~.-: ~ .. 1,2,l 2'-' 81G ~·"(", Ill.I -.{ ... ,..,.. "Onut OWNER/DEVEL~ ~~cr:r'°"P\'~ ~..no,,o..-,..,-. ~)~-w.,, IJTUTl:S/SEA'IICES '"""~ 'O"A\o,,,q,-.,y 111.-c.. .... -~ (•?1)•.JOl W..2 l(N;to.HT'l' .... rot Cl"i"_,.C, l w:l6 <,( 1211n. ~I lltt<IOO<.-~\ (41~) :r.!~·MOC .. .,u:,~u,u,o,:."'r' 1~1!>11TM~~ K'..i.[1,1,C, - I IJOO]J;!l•'Jll ... ~~~~!>Ii~~ NOTES «~['>II..(.. .. (IIOO)J;!1·4 :J1 J ~<:l"rWA,~o(JW"~j\lK~~J') /.'MO<v.{JC....:3<--lll'~' .... • ... ">IC>l..cl • fa'.;l'M';l~~-· I f'<IOf'O!.{l 1~...C ~ 4 'Ull,fl'OC:0,."'<lfll.N'.>Ml,\J,l,Ol",ll, ... r,ot, u;!&<,,, flf....c,fl't(f . ll r..,; .. ~ ~~u ~...,.,......,,or "'\i•H.J(l•u • -O,,,C SllloC,S />o<"0-1,..,•,r.-..,-<, ~~ er_~~: ·:c;m ..., t.-.G ,.,..,r _, .. ,, .. ·~ f('l IJ •·,'\.IV,,,l;.\l"""""!,IJ2,-.a l r Tl ...-.uo(.(r:,1 91,-<H......,, .o,;0 TO<'QVU,i••• 1.,,,.1_r.wo,iM()o,l'-l'Olllf lt i,,.;:. XH--~ l ;IO,I U-.:.:.f 4',Q ttCrt-AI.--..JL'll ----~· 602'l "''81.-..... ""*-'""'--\IIOOZ o,,;; D.Jl.lOITo f ll'E °"""' OlJ r., 1n2, 1::41~ •uu.oE v 11£.0o10. ...... -. ('".?~I m -\1~, [~~;:'"'' t •l~) 811-100) BUFFER MAKE-UP T ASLE ,,,,..,.,.,. ... p.,-·1.ir.f, C•n-c 4"" ~!J i,.,rn:1>..w,;,-.>'Mt,1, ~:_•) i.(i"e,ffl'll "i<i>i:<o~ 1 " I"'~,. -, •• ~,o :,,-- TRACT TABLE -:..:•·J"""'""'I,> \ .......... ui,;. ......... U-'l~'!l>V.I ,'.'o'C .._...,I V',t D"'"l••¥ 2 ,:.1,T -~' ,.v ~ .... -, "~: fQ'" .. lbl'l<M.J,,/f,::,. ,,.,,'i'N \( ~~~ ! ~ :::, Cf) z ~ i!:l ~~~ ~o~ :::, UJ ::J al I!! .J a. "" 12! ~ 0 ~ 11; a.@3:_l :,i ~ ffl; ~ ~ ~ ~ 1· ~ ~ ~ ~ i ~ i h h ,t+l· ~1 J l I -;; Il~t ·i I ~ l~ . , ~ "' ~ ~z :( ~ ~~ ~ ,J :~H !i ! i r k ~ ¥ ~ ~ ;1 I " l ~ l" tl ,·,-,. I ! .,A •, l~~~";·<,,-~ ~ ]C . l l od-.~-t i--s ;v>"' f 'll_ j -, ;'1; ..., s:! dmp, inc. March 16, 2009 Rocale Timmons City of Renton 1055 South Grady Way Renton, WA 98057 EXHIBIT +f ( PP Ex. No tJ/Pr) ~.i_{;{:']t; •. .,Ji~~'.{;;~it DALEY-MORROW-POBLETE, INC. 726 AUBURN WAY N. AUBURN, WASHINGTON 98002 TELEPHONE: (253) 333-2200 FAX: (253) 333-2206 RE: LUA08-093 Liberty Gardens SEPA Jl;)peal -REVISED Dear Ms. Timmons: After reviewing the Environmental Revie1•· Committee Report, dated December 15, 2008 for the plat of Liberty Gardens, the Applicant submitted a timely SEPA Appeal under the provisions of RMC 4-8-11 O (E) (3)(a). Since that time, we have worked with Staff to clarify some of the original issues. This letter serves as a REVISED SEPA appeal or a letter of clarification. Of the original seven issues, we request that four be removed from the agenda. Substantive Errors in Fact or Law As required by RMC 4-8-110 (A)(2) the following sections describe the various errors in fact or law that exist in the ERC report and the City record: 1. Lot Count -The Applicant has revised his Appeal Application. This issue has been resolved with Staff. We ask that the Examiner remove this item from the agenda. 2. RCW 43.21C.240 -RCW 43.21,:.240 prohibits a municipality from imposing SEPA conditions for those project impacts that are already adequately addressed under the vested development regulations. Furthermore, Subsection (4) A states that a development regulation shall be considered to adequately address an impact if the municipality, through the planning and environmental review process under chapter 36.70A RCW and this chapter, has identified the specific adverse environmental impacts and: (b) The legislative body of the municipality has designated as Liberty Gardens SEPA Appeal acceptable certain levels of service or development standards required or allowed by chapter 36.70A RCW. Under these provisions, the Applicant objects to the proposed mitigation measures described under Part T'.',10 of the ERC Report, Subsection B. -1. 2001 DOE Storm Water Manual -Staff has conditioned the project to use the 2001 DOE storm water manual in preparation of the Temporary Erosion Control Plan. The Application is vested to the King County 1998 SWDM. This vested document established the need for, and the regulation of, Erosion Control Plans. Compliance with the applicable manual is mandatory under the vested development standards and no unique adverse environmental impact has been identified to justify the modification of the adopted standards. We ask that the condition be stricken from the SEPA recommendation. 2. Restrictive Covenant -The City has required the imposition of a restrictive covenant restricting the separate sale of all sensitive area tracts. While we still disagree with the condition, this issue has been resolved with Staff. We ask that the Examiner remove this item from the agenda. 3. 5-year Monitoring -The City has required a 5-year monitoring and maintenance plan be established or the wetland mitigation areas. While we still disagree with the condition, this issue has been resolved with Staff. We ask that the Examiner remove this item from the agenda. It should still be noted however that the vested code addresses this issue and the condition should not be part of the SEPA mitigation (RCW 43.21C.240). 4. Maintenance Surety Devises -The City has required a maintenance surety devise or financial guarantee be provided for the proposed wetland mitigation. As indicated earlier, RCW 43.21C.240 prohibits a municipality from imposing SEPA conditions for those project impacts that are already adequately addressed under the vested development regulations. KCC 27A.40.080 (c) clearly requires financial guarantee be provided for the proposed wetland mitigation. (see attached) This condition is not appropriate under SEPA and should be removed. As a subset of this proposed condition, it should be noted that STAFF has attempted to limit the format of financial guarantee that is accepted by the City. (see Staff Report Language Page 8). Under the vested codes, KCC 27 A.20.050 defines the full range of Liberty Gardens SEPA Appeal -REVISED 2 options open to an applicant to warranty materials and workmanship. "Surety bonds" are found in the center of the approved list. It must be made clear to Staff that the full range of approved options is available to the Applicant. ~ 5. 2005 King County Manual -Through SEPA, The City has required the imposition of Level 3 flow control under the 2005 King County Manual. RCW 43.21C.240 prohibits a municipality from imposing SEPA conditions for those project impacts that are already adequately addressed under the vested development regulations. As stated earlier, this application was vested in December of 2004. This is prior to adoption of the 2005 Storm Water Manual. This application is subject to the 1998 KCSWDM. (note the typo listed in the ERG report which refers to the 1993 manual) We ask that the Examiner correct the record to reflect the appropriate vested document and remove the condition from SEPA. We do not argue the need for additional flow control only the use of a non-vested manual. The preliminary Storm water review found that the adopted manuals adequately address all downstream conditions through the imposition of level 3 flow control. 6. Secondary Access -Staff has clarified that this was not intended as a SEPA condition. We ask that this issue be removed from the agenda. Thank you for your time, cooperation and understanding with this project. If you require additional information, please do not hesitate to contact me at (253) 333- 2200. Sincerely, ! I Ha sA. Korve Planning Manager DMP, Inc. Liberty Gardens SEPA Appeal -REVISED 3 HansKorve From: Jackovich, Mary (Mary.Jackov1ch@kingcounty.govJ on behalf of DOES, FGMU [FGMU.DDES@kingcounty.govJ Sent Monday, March 16, 2009 6:43 AM To: Hans Korve Subjett: RE: Bonding -Question -I need an answer before Tuesday Please Yes. King County does accept bonds as a form offmanc1al guarantee Fron,: Hans Korve (mailto:hans@dmp-tnc.us] Sent: Friday, March 13, 2009 11:31 AM To: ODES, FGMU Subject: FW: Bonding -QuesUon -I need an answer before Tuesday Please I am curreutly out of the office. [ will return on Tuesday, Man:h 17th; if you have a financial guarantee inquiry, email fgniu.ddes@k.ingcounly.gov -----Original Message----- From: Hans Korve [mailto:hans@dmp-inc.us] Sent: Friday, March 13, 2009 11:29 AM To: ·carol.rogers@kJngcounty.gov' Subject: FW: Bonding Carol- Page I of2 Can you confirm from your office that King County does accept bonds as a form of financial guarantee J know they are listed in the approved list in the code, butt need it confirmed. In particular, Jam asking about the Bonding of a wetland mitigation area after construction (Ouring the monitoring period) Please read the attached email for clarification. r appreciate any help you can provide Hans Korve DMP Inc -----Original Message---"- From: Sp::ioner, Scott (mailto:Scott.Spooner@kingcounty.gov] Sent: Friday, March 13, 2009 11:22 AM To: Hans Korve Cc: awill@sewallwc.com; Rogers, Carol Subject: RE: Bonding Mr. Korve. Yes. I am confident that King County does accept bonds as a form of f1nanc1al guarantee related to critical areas mitigation or restoration However, I do not deal with the processing/papeiwork side of the financial guarantees. I am an ecologist that determines the amount required to be paid as a financial guarantee that the required mitigation/restoration will be implemented in the manner stated in an approved plan I would suggest contacting Carol Rogers in the Financml Guarantee Managernent Unit of DOES, as Carol is the most appropriate person to confirm this question with. Carol's phone number is (206) 296-7250 and her ema·11 address is 9aro!.rogers@king_county.gov. I have also cc:d her on this email so she is aware that you might be contacting her Let me know if you have any further questions related to critical areas m1tigationlrestoration requirements in King County. Take care. 'Scott Spooner Senior Ecologist Critical Areas Section Land Use Services Division Kfr1g C.ounty DD[S 900 Oake~dolt' A~·f!nue SW Re--nton, WA 98055 Phone: (106) 296·6634 Fax: (206) 296 7051 Fnom: Hans Korve [mailto:hans@dmp·inc.us] Sent: Wednesday, March 11, 2009 12:53 PM Tat: Spooner, Scott 3/16/2()09 Subject: FW: Bonding Scott- Page 2 of2 As indicated below, I am looking for some type of confirmation that ODES allows. has accepted and will continue to accept Bonds as a form of financial guarantee. Specifically maintenance guarantees for wetland m11igat1on The issue that has come up is that the sentence below -form approved by the director" would allow the Director to eliminate the potential to use Bonds rather than another method of Guarantee. Can you provide some darification on this issue? Thank you Hans Korve DMP Inc. 27A.20.050 Financial guarantee. "Financial guarantee" means a form cf financial security posted to ensure timely and proper completion of improvements, to ensure compliance with the King County Code, and/or to warranty materials, workmanship of improvements, and design. Financial guarantees indude assignments of funds, cash deposits, surety bonds. and/or other forms of financial security acceptable to the director. For the purposes of this title, the terms performance guarantee. mamtenance guarantee and defect guarantee are considered sub-categories of financial guarantee. {Ord. 12020 § 7, 1995). 27A.30.020 Financial guarantees-form and amount Financial guaranlees shall be in a form approved by the director, in consultation with the department of natural resources and parks, department of transportation, the prosecuting attorney's office, and other affected agencies. The amounts of the financial guarantees shall be based on the schedules appropriate to the required work which are updated on a periodic and frequent basis to ensure that the amount fully captures likely costs. Financial guarantees shall also require a contingency in an amount to be determined by the director. (Ord. 14199 § 249, 2001: Ord. 12020 § 13, 1995). -----Original Message----- From: Aaron Will [mailto:awill@sewallwc.com] Sent: Wednesday, March 11, 2009 12:20 PM To; 'Hans Korve' Subject: Bonding Hans, Per our previous phone conversation I do believe King County has and does allow the use of Bonds as a financial garuntcc for mitigation project">. If you need written confinnation from the county that it is an acceptable means than I would start with Scott Spooner. I le should be able to direct you to the person who might be able to fulfill your request. His e-mail address is. S cott.sp_l ,mie(f{ki n gcoun ty. gov Let me know if you have any questions. Aaron J. Aamn Will WeHand Scientist Sewall Wetland Consulting, Inc. 27641 Covington Way SE #2 Covington, WA 98042 (P) 253.859.0515 (F) 253.852.4732 3/16/2009 27A20.010 -27A20.060 Sections: 27A20.010 Applicant. 27A.20.020 Default. 27A20.030 Department. 27A.20.040 Director. 27A.20.050 Financial guarantee. 27A.20.060 Guarantor. Chapter-27A.20 DEFINITIONS FINANCIAL GUARANTEES 27A.20.010 Applicant. "Applicant" means the person or entity who is required to post the financial guarantee. (Ord. 12020 § 3, 1995). 27A.20.020 Default. "Default" means the failure to: A. comply wrth financial guarantee conditions; B. complete, in the specified time, the required improvements in accordance with the King County Code and with approved project plans and condrtions; or C. maintain, for the specified period of time. the required improvements in accordance with the King County Code and with approved project plans and conditions. (Ord. 12020 § 4. 1995). 27 A.20.030 Department. "Department"' means the King County department of development and environmental services or its successor organization. (Ord. 12020 § 5, 1995). 27 A.20.040 Director. "Director' means the director of the King County department of development and environmental services or his/her designee. (Ord. 12020 § 6, 1995). 27A.20.050 Financial guarantee. "Financial guarantee" means a form of financial security posted to ensure timely and proper completion of improvements, to ensure compliance with the King County Code, and/or to warranty materials, workmanship of im rovements, and design. Financial guarantees include assignments of funds, cash deposits sure! bonds and/or other forms of financial security acceptable to the director. For the purposes of this title, the terms performance guarantee, maintenance guarantee and defect guarantee are considered sub-categories of financial guarantee. (Ord. 12020 § 7, 1995). 27 A.20.060 Guarantor. "Guarantor' means a bank or other acceptable entity which issues the financial guarantee. (Ord. 12020 § 8, 1995). King County 12-95) 27A---4 ADMINISTRATION 27A.30.080 -27A.30.100 C. Unless otherwise specifically indicated in the King County Code, perfonnance guarantees shall require actual construction and installation of requir,cd improvements within two years after recording for final + subdivision, two years after recording for short subdivision, one year after right-of-way pennit issuance or six months after temporary building occupancy issued, for a building pennit. The time limit for perfonnance guarantee compliance may be extended by six months at the directors discretion, if circumstances beyond the control of the applicant warrant an extension. The request for an extension shall be in writing, accompanied by a schedule for completion of remaining work. (Ord. 12020 § 19, 1995). 27A.30.090 Maintenance and defect guarantees authorized. A. The department is authorized to require all applicants to post a maintenance guarantee and/or defect guarantee warranting the successful operation and maintenance of improvements, and guaranteeing the workmanship, materials, and design used in construction of improvements required by the conditions of any pennits or approvals issued pursuant to titles 9, 14, 16, 19, or 21A; (or their successors) and assuring compliance with the King County Code. B. Unless otherwise specifically indicated in the King County Code, all maintenance guarantees -}(' and defect guarantees shall guarantee successful operation, workmanship, materials, and design of required facilities for a period of two years following final inspection and approval of improvements. C. Inspections of facilities required pursuant to Titles 9, 14, 16, 19, or 21A (or their successors) should be scheduled by the appropriate department approximately forty-five days prior to the end of the two year maintenance and/or defect period. (Ord. 12020 § 20, 1995). 27 A.30.100 Default. A. Detennination of default shall be made by the department after an inspection has indicated that improvements need to be corrected or completed. In the event of failure to comply with any of the conditions and tenns of the pennits and/or approvals covered by this title, the director shall notify the applicant and guarantor in writing of the default. If satisfactory assurance is not received by the department within a time period detennined by the director, that conditions will be appropriately corrected, the department may: 1. order the applicant to perform all necessary corrective work, and/or 2. demand payment on the financial guarantee(s). Nothing in this title shall limit the ability of King County to enforce or otherwise compel compliance with conditions of any county pennit or approval in accordance with any enforcement provision set forth in Title 23 of the King County Code. B. The guarantor shall be responsible, up to the limits of the financial guarantee, for the payment of any and all necessary costs and expenses that have been or will be incurred or expended by King County in causing any and all such required work to be done. In the event that total costs associated with the required work exceed the guarantee amount, the applicant shall remain responsible to King County for the payment of any remaining amount. C. In the event of default, King County may contract with a third party to complete work required pursuant to this title. (Ord. 12020 § 11, 1995). (King County 6-98) 27A--8 27A.40.070-27A.40.100 FINANCIAL GUARANTEES 27A.40.070 Landscaping. A. Pliorto receiving a temporary or permanent occupancy certificate for any building or structure for which Title 21A requires landscaping, an applicant shall provide the required performance guarantee to secure the completion ano improvement of required landscaping, in accordance with approved site plan, within three months following issuance of the building or buildings temporary or permanent occupancy certificate, whichever comes first. B. Performance guarantees for landscaping required pursuant to K.C.C. 21A.16 shall be sufficient to cover the cost of conformance with conditions of the permit, and shall be required for a period of two years after the planting or transplanting of vegetation to insure proper installation, establishment and maintenance. This time period may be extended by one year by the director, if necessary to cover a planting and growing season. C. The director may extend the time limit for compliance with the above landscaping requirement up to one year after issuance of the occupancy certificate if circumstances beyond the control of the applicant warrant an extension. The request for an extension shall be in writing, accompanied by a schedule for completion of remaining work. (Ord. 12020 § 27, 1995). 27A.40.080 Sensitive areas. A. Financial guarantees for mitigation required pursuant to K.C.C. chapter 21A.24 shall be sufficient to guarantee that all required mitigation measures will be completed no later than the time established by King County in accordance with K.C.C. chapter 21A.24. B. Performance and maintenance guarantees shall also be required for restoration of a sensitive area or buffer not performed as part of a mitigation or maintenance plan except that no financial guarantee shall be required for minor stream restoration carried out pursuant to K.C.C. chapter 21A.24. C. For maintenance guarantees associated with mitigation, corrective work, restoration or enhancement, the financial guarantee shall be sufficient to cover the time and cost to guarantee satisfactory workmanship, materials and performance of structures and improvements required by K.C.C. chapter 21A.24 and any monitoring of those structures and improvements required by approved plans and conditions. D. Public development proposals shall be relieved from having to comply with the provisions of this section if public funds have previously been committed for mitigation, maintenance, monitoring or restoration. (Ord. 13189 § 9, 1998: Ord. 12020 § 28, 1995). 27A.40.090 Section 309 financial guarantees. Financial guarantees required pursuant to Section 309 of the King County modifications to the current Uniform Building Code shall be in the form of cash deposited with the director, assignment of funds apprnved by the director, or in an irrevocable escrow in an amount sufficient to restore the building and site, ar,d to perform corrective work required by Title 16 of the King County Code. (Ord. 12020 § 29, 1995). 27A.40.100 Moved and temporary buildings. Financial guarantees required with respect to moved or temporary buildings pursuant to Section 104 {e) of the King County modifications to the current Uniform Building Code shall be in the form of cash deposited with the director, assignment of funds approved by the director, or in an approved irrevocable escrow in a sufficient amount to be determined by the director. (Ord. 12020 § 30, 1995). (King County 6-98) 27A-11 * 21A.24.125 -21A.24.130 ZONING 21A.24.125 Avoiding impacts to critical areas. A. An applicant for a development proposal or alteration, shall apply the following sequential measures, which appear in order of priority, to avoid impacts to critical areas and critical area buffers: 1. Avoiding the impact or hazard by not taking a certain action; 2. Minimizing the impact or hazard by: a. limiting the degree or magnrtude of the action with appropriate technology; or b. taking affirmative steps, such as project redesign, relocation or timing; 3. Rectifying the impact to critical areas by repairing, rehabilrtating or restoring the affected critical area or its buffer; 4. Minimizing or eliminating the hazard by restoring or stabilizing the hazard area through engineered or other methods; 5. Reducing or eliminating the impact or hazard over time by preservation or maintenance operations during the life of the development proposal or alteration; 6. Compensating for the adverse impact by enhancing critical areas and their buffers or creating substitute critical areas and their buffers; and 7. Monitoring the impact, hazard or success of required mrtigation and taking remedial action. B. The specific mrtigation requirements of this chapter for each critical area or requirements detenmined through the resource mitigation reserves program apply when compensation for adverse impacts is required by the sequence in subsection A. of this section. (Ord. 15051 § 149, 2004). 21A.24.130 Mitigation and monitoring. A. If mrtigation is required under this chapter to compensate for adverse impacts, unless otherwise provided, an applicant shall: 1. Mrtigate adverse impacts to: a. crrtical areas and their buffers; and b. the development proposal as a result of the proposed alterations on or near the critical areas; and 2. Monitor the performance of any required mrtigation. B. The department shall not approve a development proposal until mitigation and monrtoring plans are in place to mrtigate for alterations to crrtical areas and buffers. C. Whenever mrtigation is required, an applicant shall submit a critical area report that includes: 1. An analysis of potential impacts; 2. A mrtigation plan that meets the specific mrtigation requirements in this chapter for each critical area impacted; and 3. A monrtoring plan that includes: a. a demonstration of compliance wrth thi, title; b. a contingency plan in the event of a failure of mitigation or of unforeseen impacts if: (1) the department determines that failure of the mitigation would result in a significant impact on the crrtical area or buffer, or (2) the mrtigation involves the creation of a wetland; and c. a monrtoring schedule that may extend throughout the impact of the activfy or, for hazard areas, for as long as the hazard exists. D. Mitigation shall not be implemented until after the department approves the mrtigation and monitoring plan. The applicant shall notify the department when mrtigation is installed and monrtoring is commenced and shall provide King County with re;,sonable access to the mrtigation for the purpose of inspections during any monitoring period. E. If monitoring reveals a significant deviation from predicted impact or a failure of mitigation requirements, the applicant shall implement an approved contingency plan. The contingency plan constrtutes new mrtigation and is subject to all mitigation including a monitoring plan and financial guarantee requirements. (Ord. 15051 § 150, 2004: Ord. 10870 § 460, 1993). (King County 12-2008) 21A-216 * CRITICAL AREAS 21A.24.133 -21A.24.160 21A.24.133 Off-5ite mitigation. A. To the maximum extent practical, an applicant shall mitigate adverse impacts to a wetland, aquatic area, wildlife habitat conservation area or wildlife habitat network on or contiguous to the development site. The department may approve rrntigation that is off the development site if an applicant demonstrates that: 1. It is not practical to mitigate on or contiguous to the development proposal site; and 2. The off-site mitigation will achieve equivalent or greater hydrological, water quality and wetland or aquatic area habitat functions. B. When off-site mitigation is authorized, the department shall give priorfy to locations within the same drainage subbasin as the development proposal site that meet the following: 1. Mitigation banking sites and resource mitigation reserves as authorized by this chapter; 2. Private mitigation sites that are established in compliance with the requirements of this chapter and approved by the department; and 3. Public mitigation sites that have been ranked in a process that has been supported by ecological assessments, including wetland and aquatic areas established as priorities for mitigation in King County basin plans or other watershed plans. C. The department may require documentation that the mitigation site has been permanently preserved from future development or alteration that would be inconsistent with the functions of the mitigation. The documentation may include, but' is not limited to, a conservation easement or other agreement between the applicant and owner of the mitigation site. King County may enter into agreements or become a party to any easement or other agreement necessary to ensure that the site continues to exist in its mitigated condition. D. The department shall maintain a list of sites available for use for off-site mitigation projects. E. The department may develop a program to allow the payment of a fee in lieu of providing mitigation on a development site. The program should address: 1. When the payment of a fee is allowed considering the availabilfy of a site in geographic proximity with comparable hydrologic and biological functions and potential for future habitat fragmentation and degradation; and 2. The use of the fees for mitigation on public or private sites that have been ranked according to ecological criteria through one or more programs that have included a public process. (Ord. 15051 § 151, 2004). 21A.24.137 Resource mitigation reserve. The department may approve mitigation to compensate for the adverse impacts of a development proposal to critical areas through the creation and approval of a resource mitigation reserve. The use of a resource mitigation reserve to compensate for unavoidable impacts to a critical area is not allowed in the agricultural production districts if the purpose is to compensate for development outside of the agricultural production districts. (Ord. 15051 § 152. 2004). 21A.24.140 Financial guarantees. Financial guarantees shall be required consistent with the provisionsofTitle27A. (Ord.12020§54, 1995: Ord.10870§461, 1993). 21A.24.160 Critical area markers and signs. A. Development proposals shall include pennanent survey stakes delineating the boundary between adjoining property and critical area tracts, using iron or concrete markers as established by current survey standards. B. The applicant shall identify the boundary between a critical area tract and contiguous land with permanent signs. The department may require signs and fences to delineate and protect critical areas and critical area buffers that are not in critical area tracts. (Ord. 15051 § 154, 2004: Ord. 10870 § 463, 1993). (King County 12-2008) 21A-217 .... ()(-5'-f D King County Department of Development and Environmental Services Determination Of Non-Significance (DNS) for Liberty Gardens (DDES File No. L04P0034) Date of Issuance: Project: Location: King County Permits: County Contact: Proponent: Zoning: R-4 June 20, 2008 Request is to subdivide 8.95 acres, zoned R-4 into 36 lots for single family detached residences and a tract for combined drainage and recreation. The lots range from approximately 5,900-9,350 square feet. The property is located on 162nd Avenue SE, approximately 1/, mile south of the 162nd Avenue SE and SE l 36'h Street intersection. Formal Plat Chad Tibbits, Project Manager III chad. ti bbi ts@metrokc.gov (206) 296-7194 David Petrie 811 S. 273,d Ct. Des Moines, WA 98198 253-946-6619 Community Plan: Newcastle Drainage Subbasin: Lower Ceder River Section/Township/Range: 14-23-05 Notes: A. This finding is based on review of the project site plan, environmental checklist, level one drainage analysis, and other documents in the file. B. The drainage facilities will be designed in accordance with the 1998 King County Surface Water Design Manual. C. Issuance of this threshold determination does not constitute approval of the permit. This proposal will be reviewed for compliance with all applicable King County codes which regulate development activities, including the Uniform Fire and Building Codes, Road Standards, Surface Water Design Manual, and the Sensitive Areas Regulations. D. As a requirement of compliance with the 1993 King County Road Standards, the proposed subdivision is required to extend, or financially participate with other developers, 162nd Avenue SE --from the subdivision boundary to SE 144th Street in general compliance with preliminary plan and profile drawings submitted to the Department. With Code authority (the 1993 KCRS, adopted by reference at KCC 14.42 with Ord. 11187) outside ofSEPA-related transportation codes (KCC 14.80) to require this improvement, a condition of approval to construct/share in the cost of the construction --via a Mitigated DNS --is not needed nor appropriate. Therefore, the requirement will be incorporated in staffs recommended conditions of approval report. Final engineering t"·~""'~ Liberty Gardens -L04P003.;':"· '· June 20, 2008 Page 2 details of the road alignment and associated improvement is pending upon the submittal of engineering plans following a grant of preliminary approval. Threshold Determination The responsible official finds that the above described proposal does not pose a probable significant adverse impact to the environment. This finding is made pursuant to RCW 43.21 C, KCC 20.44 and WAC 197-11 after reviewing the environmental checklist and other information on file with the lead agency and considering mitigation measures which the agency or the applicant will implement as part of the proposal. The responsible official finds this information reasonably sufficient to evaluate the environmental impact of this proposal. The lead agency has determined that the requirements for environmental analysis, protection, and mitigation measures have been adequately addressed in the development regulations and comprehensive plan adopted under chapter 36.70A RCW, and in other applicable local, state, or federal laws or rules, as provided by RCW 43.21C.240 and WAC 197-11-158. Our agency will not require any additional mitigation measures under SEP A. Comments and Appeals Written comments or any appeal of this threshold determination must be stamped received by King County before 4:30 PM on July 7, 2008. Appeals must be accompanied by a nonrefundable filing fee. Please reference the file numbers when corresponding. Appeals must be in writing and state the perceived errors in the threshold determination, specific reasons why the determination should be reversed or modified, the harm the appellant will suffer if the threshold determination remains unchanged, and the desired outcome of the appeal. If the appellant is a group, the harm to any one or more members must be stated. Failure to meet these requirements may result in dismissal of the appeal. Comment/appeal deadline: Appeal filing fee: Address for comment/appeal: Responsible Official: e Bottheim, Supervisor ent Planning Section d Use Services Division TD-LOGO 2/98 4:30 PM on July 7, 2008 $250 check or money order made out to the King County Office of Finance King County Land Use Services Division 900 Oakesdale Avenue SW Renton, WA 98057-5212 ATTN: Current Planning Section (o· ?-D Date ,. ® .otice of Decision- Department of Development and Environmental Services Land Use Services Division SEPA Threshold Determination and Notice of Recommendation & Hearing 900 Oakesdale Avenue Southwest Renton, Washington 98057-5212 File No. L04P0034 Project Name: Liberty Garde s Subdivision ODES Project Manager: Chad Tibbits, 206-296-7194 Email: chad.tibbits@metrokc.gov ~~:~ j/ ·-,~. ,:,;,; -, ~ Applicant: Project Location Project Description: Permits Requested David Petrie 811 S. 273'd Ct. Des Moines, WA 98198 253-946-6619 ,,-, 1/""i,..~ .,. ~ I'':-1 }0 • ·1 )'> ;}• The property is located on 162"d Avenue SE, approximately'!. mile south of the 162nd Avenue SE and SE 1361 h Street intersection. Subdivision of approximately 8.95 acres into 36 lots for the development of single family detached residences in the R-4 zone. The proposed lots range in size from approximately 5,900 to 9,350 square feet. Formal Subdivision Department Recommendation to the Hearing Examiner Approve, subject to conditions Date of Public Hearing July 17, 2008, 9:30 am ODES Hearing Room -first floor 900 Oakesdale Ave SW Renton, WA 98057-5212 SEPA Threshold Determination Determination of Non-Significance (DNS) Issued June 20, 2008 The Department of Development and Environmental Services (DOES) will issue a written report and recommendation to the Hearing Examiner two weeks prior to the scheduled public hearing. Persons wishing to receive a copy of the report should contact DOES at the address listed below. Following the close of the public hearing. the Hearing Examiner will issue a written decision which may be appealed to the Metropolitan-King County Council. Appeal procedures will be stated in the Examiner's written decision. Any person wishing additional information on this proposed project should contact the Project Manager at the phone number listed above. Written comments may also be submitted to DOES. A public hearing as required by law will be held to consider the approval of this application. If the Renton School District announces a district-wide school closure due to adverse weather conditions or similar area emergency, the public hearing on this matter will be postponed. Interested parties will be notified of the time and date of the rescheduled hearing. Any questions regarding postponements and rescheduling can be directed to the Hearing Examiner's Office at (206) 296-4660. Comment/Appeal Procedure on SEPA Threshold Determination: Comments on this SEPA determination are welcome. This SEPA determination may also be appealed in writing to the King County Hearing Examiner. A notice of appeal must be filed with the Land Use Services Division at the address listed below prior to 4:30 p.m. on July 7, 2008. and be accompanied with a filing fee of $250.00 payable to the King County Office of Finance If a timely Notice of Appeal has been filed. the appellant shall also file a Statement of Appeal with the Land Use Services Division at the address listed below prior to 4:30 p.m. on July 14, 2008. The Statement of Appeal shall identify the decision being appealed (including the file number) and the alleged errors in that decision. Further, the Statement of Appeal shall state: 1) specific reasons why the decision should be reversed or modified; and 2) the harm suffered or anticipated by the appellant, and the relief sought. The scope of an appeal shall be based on matters or issues raised in the Statement of Appeal. Failure to timely file a Notice of Appeal, appeal fee or Statement of Appeal, deprives the Hearing Examiner of jurisdiction to consider the appeal. Appeals must be submitted to the Department of Development and Environmental Services (ODES) at the following address: Date Mailed: June 20, 2008 DDES--Land Use Services Division Attn: Permit Center 900 Oakesdale Avenue Southwest Renton, Washington 98057-5212 If you have any questions regarding the appeal procedures, please contact the Planner at the phone number listed above. If you require this material in braille, audio cassette, or large print, call (206) 296-6600 (voice) or (206) 296-7217 (TTY). G. NEIGHBORHOOD CHARACTERISTICS: The property is located in an urban area of King County. Surrounding properties to the southeast are all single-family detached residences. Liberty High School baseball field is located northeast of the property. Properties directly adjacent to this site to the north, west and east are undeveloped. Currently this site is undeveloped. The property is located southwest of Liberty High School and east of the City of Renton. H. SUBDMSION DESIGN FEATURES: I. Lot Pattern and Density: The proposed lot and street layout is in conformance with King County Code (KCC) 21A (Zoning). The plat's proposed density of 4 dwelling units per acre is in conformance with KCC 21.A and the R-4 zone. 2. Internal Circulation: The site will access 162nd Avenue SE, and will be served by SE 140th Place, l 63'd Avenue SE and SE 141 '' Place all urban minor access roads ending in a cul-de-sac. 3. Roadway Section: The roads will be designed and constructed to the urban standards of the 1993 King County road Standards. 4. Drainage: The Liberty Gardens subdivision is located in the Orting Hill Subbasin of the Lower Cedar River basin. The site is subject to the Level II flow control and Basic water quality requirements of the 1998 KCSWDM. Level III Flow Control is proposed by the applicant to address downstream drainage problems in the area. The existing site drainage generally sheet flows from the northeast to the southwest, leaving the site along the south property line in an existing water course. The flow continues offsite to the southwest, combining with another drainage course in the unopened l 62"d Ave SB R/W. The downstream continues south through a ponding area in the unopened R/W, to SB 144th Street. The drainage then enters a cross culvert under SE 144th St and 1;urns to the west along the south side of SE 144th St in an enclosed pipe system. The enclosed pipe system continues west, past 156th Ave SE, continuing west eventually outfalling to Tributary 0307. Tributary 0307 then turns south and outlets to the Cedar River. The proposal is to collect most runoff from the project site and direct it to a single detention and water quality facility located in Tract B in the southwest portion of the site. Separate underground detention/water quality facilities are proposed for the offsite road improvements. A Level III Downstream Drainage Analysis prepared by Ed McCiuthy P.E., was received July 02, 2007. A letter with additional Recommended Stormwater Mitigations was received March 11, 2008. Several capacity and drainage problems were identified in the area. The applicant is proposing Level III Flow Control to address the downstream drainage problems. This is appropriate mitigation per Core Requirement 2 of the KCSWDM. The applicant is also proposing to construct 162nd Ave SE to connect to SE 144th St, including related offsite drainage improvements. I. TRANSPORTATION PLANS: 1. Transportation Plans: The subject subdivision is not in conflict with Transportation, Non-motorized and Trails plan. 2. Subdivision Access: The site will gain access from.162"d Avenue SE by the internal plat road of SE 140th Place. 3. Traffic Generation: It is expected that approximately 360 vehicle trips per day will be generated with full development of the proposed subdivision. This calculation includes service vehicles (i.e., mail delivery, garbage pick-up, school bus) which may currently serve this neighborhood, as well as work trips, shopping, etc. 4 FILE NO: L04P0034 2. Community Plans: The subject subdivision is located in the Newcastle Community Plan. The subject subdivision is not in conflict with the goals, guidelines and policies of the Newcastle Community Plan. M. STATUTES/CODES: If approved with the recommended conditions in this report, the proposed development will comply with the requirements of the County and State Platting Codes and Statutes, and the lots in the proposed subdivision will comply with the minimum dimensional requirements of the zone district. N. CONCLUSIONS: The subject subdivision will comply with the goals and objectives of the King County Comprehensive Plan and will comply with the requirements of the Subdivision and Zoning Codes and other official land use controls of King County, based on the conditions for final plat approval. 0. RECOMMENDATIONS: It is recommended that the subject subdivision, revised and received May 2, 2008, be granted preliminary approval subject to the following conditions of final approval: I. Compliance with all platting provisions of Title 19A of the King County Code. 2. All persons having an ownership interest in the subject property shall sign on the face of the final plat a dedication that includes the language set forth in King County Council Motion No. 5952. 3. The plat shall comply with the base density and minimum density requirements of the R-4 zone classification. All lots shall meet the minimum dimensional requirements of the R-4 zone classification or shall be shown on the face of the approved preliminary plat, whichever is larger, except that minor revisions to the plat which do not result in substantial changes may be approved at the discretion of the Department of Development and Environment Services. 4. 5. 6. 7. Any/all plat boundary discrepancy shall be resolved to the satisfaction ofDDES prior to the submittal of the final plat documents. As used in this condition, "discrepancy" is a boundary hiatus, an overlapping boundary or a physical appurtenance which indicates an encroachment, lines of possession or a conflict of title. All construction and upgrading of public and private roads shall be done in accordance with the King County Road Standards established and adopted by Ordinance No. 11187, as amended (1993 KCRS). The applicant must obtain the approval of the King Cowity Fire Protection Engineer for the adequacy of the fire hydrant, water main, and fire flow standards of Chapter 17.08 of the King Cowity Code. The drainage facilities shall meet the requirements of the 1998 King County Surface Water Design Manual (KCSWDM). The drainage design shall meet Level m Flow Control and Basic Water Quality requirements in the KCSWDM. The following road improvements are required to be constructed according to the 1993 King County Road Standards(KCRS): (Note that portions of the b~low 162nd Ave SE road improvements are also conditioned with the plat of Threadgill L05P0026 or to be conditioned with the plat of Cavalla L06P0001.) 140th Place and 163'd Ave SE shall be improved at a minimum to the urban subaccess street standard. The portion of SE 140th PL east of 163n1 Ave SE( 7 FILE NO: L04P0034 to the cul-d-sac) shall be improved at a minimum to the urban minor access street standards. b. SE 141" Place shall be improved at a minimum to the urban minor access street standards. c. FRONTAGE: 162"d Ave SE along the subdivision frontage shall. be improved to the urban neighborhood collector standard on the east side of the centerline. The west side shall be improved with an 11 ft min. driving lane. A graded gravel shoulder shall also be required on the west side of the frontage. d. OFFSITE ROAD/WALKWAY IMPROVEMENTS: 162"a Avenue SE, from the north subdivision boundary to SE 136tti Street shall be improved to provide a minimum 22-feet of pavement (two I I-foot wide lanes for vehicular traffic) together with one of ( or, combination -depending upon the location) the following shoulder improvements for school-age pedestrians on the east (plat) side of 162"d Avenue SE: • A minimum eight (8) foot wide paved shoulder (for a total of 19-feet of pavement from the centerline of 162"d Avenue SE, with 11-feet of pavement on the west side of the centerline) • An urban-type shoulder design: concrete curb, gutter and sidewalks (for a total of 16-feet of pavement from the centerline of 162"d Avenue SE, together with concrete curbs, gutters and sidewalks, with 11-feet of pavement on the west side of the centerline) • A minimum five (5) foot wide paved pedestrian walkway, together with sufficient paving to install an extruded curb to provide a two (2) foot shy distance between the edge line of the traveled-way and the roadway-side face of the extruded curb, with the paved-width noted for vehicle traffic. • A graded gravel shoulder shall be provided on the west side of the road the full limits of this section of 162nd Avenue SE. e. OFFSITE ROAD/WALKWAY IMPROVEMENTS: 162"a Avenue SE, from the south subdivision boundary to SE 144tti Street shall improved to a minimum 22-foot paved width, plus urban shoulder improvements on the east side of the roadway in general conformance with the conceptual roadway improvement plans received March 11, 2008 or as approved by DOES. Any design elements of the roadway alignment: plan or profile, that requites either a variance reviewed through the office of the ODES Development Engineer, or a Variance reviewed through the office of the County Road Engineer, shall be subject to a requirement of having an approved variance before the approval of the engineering plans. Any plan/profile design elements that are not consistent with the KCRS, and are not approved/conditionally-approved through one of the two variance processes noted, shall require redesign. • A graded gravel shoulder shall be provided on the west side of the road the full limits of this section of 162nd Avenue SE. • An existing water course enters the unopened l 62"d Ave SE R/W from the west, at approximately the south property line(adjoining the north line of the Gragg property at 16046 SE 142nd St). An appropriate inlet structure(cage type or as approved by ODES), for this drainage course shall be designed and shown on the engineering plans. • The new drainage conveyance system for this improvement at l 62"d Ave SE and SE l 44tti St shall be designed to route potential overflow to the west 8 FILE NO: L04P0034 areas for road improvements may be allowed per KC 21A.24. However mitigation shall be required. Construction techniques such as retaining walls maybe required at such crossings or improvements to limit impacts. A final mitigation plan shall be required during engineering review. f. Sensitive area tract boundaries shall be clearly marked with bright orange construction and silt fencing prior to construction or site clearing activities. The boundaries shall remain marked until construction is complete. g. Hydrology may not be altered either during or after development. A hydrology analysis may be required during engineering review to show how the hydrology will be maintained after and during site development. h. Work within the OHWM may require an HP A from the State Department of Fish and Wildlife. It will be the applicant's responsibility to coordinate with WDFW to determine if an HP A is needed. 1. The engineering plans shall be routed to Critical Areas Staff for review of compliance to the above conditions. Alterations to Streams or Wetlands If alterations of streams and/or wetlands are approved in conformance with K.C.C. 21A.24, then a detailed plan to mitigate for impacts from that alteration will be required to be reviewed and approved along with the plat engineering plans. A performance bond or other financial guarantee will be required at the time of plan approval to guarantee that the mitigation measures are installed according to the plan. Once the mitigation work is completed to a ODES Senior Ecologist's satisfaction, the performance bond may be replaced by a maintenance bond for the remainder of the five-year monitoring period to guarantee the success of the mitigation. The applicant shall be responsible for the installation, maintenance and monitoring of any approved mitigation. The mitigation plan must be installed prior to final inspection of the plat. 13. The following note shall be shown on the final engineering plan and recorded plat: RESTRICTIONS FOR SENSITIVE AREA TRACTS AND SENSITIVE AREAS AND BUFFERS Dedication of a sensitive area tract/sensitive area and buffer conveys to the public a beneficial interest in the land within the tract/sensitive area and buffer. This interest includes the preservation of native vegetation for all purposes that benefit the public health, safety and welfare, including control of surface water and erosion, maintenance of slope stability, and protection of plant and animal habitat. The sensitive area tract/sensitive area and buffer imposes upon all present and future owners and occupiers of the land subject to the tract/sensitive area and buffer the obligation, enforceable on behalf of the public by King County, to leave undisturbed all trees and other vegetation within the tract/sensitive area and buffer. The vegetation within the tract/sensitive area and buffer may not be cut, pruned, covered by fill, removed or damaged without approval in writing from the King County Department of Development and Environmental Services or its successor agency, unless otherwise provided by law. The common boundary between the tract/sensitive area and buffer and the area of development activity must be marked or otherwise flagged to the satisfaction of King County prior to any clearing, grading, building construction or other development activity on a lot subject to the sensitive area tract/sensitive area and buffer. The required marking or flagging shall remain in place until all development proposal activities in the vicinity of the sensitive area are completed. No building foundations are allowed beyond the required 15-foot building setback line, unless otherwise provided by law. 14. Suitable recreation space shall be provided consistent with the requirements of K.C.C. 21A.14.180 and K.C.C. 21A. 14.190 (i.e., sport court[s], children's play equipment, picnic table[s], benches, etc.). 10 FILE NO: L04P0034 L,_)Vv: 5 f'-lotYl ..