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HomeMy WebLinkAboutSWP272171(28) I . WHAT is A WETLAND ? Wr ;:WETLAND p -.4 I IDENTIFICATION • Soils • Vegetation • Hydrology Due to their ►wetness during the ... hydric soils develop certain easily observable features. Adaptations of wetland plants include: Structural adaptations to low oxygen conditionsl(anoxia), such as air spaces in roots and stems. ® Metabolic ada tations, such as capacity for anaerobic respiration. .WETLAND:. HYDROLOGY The driving force... Permanent or periodic inundation or saturation. Soil saturation for a significant period (one week or more) during the growing season. II . WHAT Do WETLANDS Do ? M r x' 2. Flood Control Fish and Wildlife.Habitat r h Pollution Control o ���� � � � `�`` � Rescarc ��, ,� h � . . � r , Education Recreation ' ,�1Storm Erosion Protection �; Agricultural Su ort `� T Groundwater Recharge Rain Storm `0 'I 1t Jill 1.. 111 1l.11t t11 ttl ti l (l l j �j` I<�t►t� w Wetlands 0 ..� No Wetlands TIME III . WHAT is NOT REGULATED OR CONSIDERED A WETLAND ? i Definition of a Regulated Wetland 1. Wetland Definition Field investigation using the January 1989 "Federal Manual for Identifying and Delineating Jurisdictional Wetlands." Three Criteria: Soils Hydrology Hydrophytic Plants 2. Regulated Wetlands All wetlands except for the following: a. Wetlands created for purposes other than mitigation of a wetland loss. (Stormwater management facilities, drainage ditches, farm ponds, landscape amenities). b. Wetlands managed under a Special Area Management Plan (SAMP). 3. All wetlands under 2,200 square feet are exempted. IV . WHAT IS A VEGETATION CLASS ? VEGETATION CLASSES : FORESTED, SHRUB-SCRUB, & EMERGENT FORESTED WETLAND 1 r r t 11 Fern 5KAnK Wat7W �' r., F-oam Rower I'd ' 1' i I ieci toe/C&ITmwood/Oregon A6h , (OYIIII HemIocI--/Ced4K/6if-M SpNce, WETLAND 4;0 "r - vine ram` ,•. L r rI rr ' I rI ovv Irlrr oo• EMERGENT WETLAND e Bulrush PASTU KE HOr5ehI I rushes Horsetail Yellow 5PlW-"rUsh Marsh Sed9e5 Reed CAnary MoriKq Floww SP�dw�ll Grass Bur-reed Alden/Willow) �q{tai15 Hard hacK Fox+A i 15 V . WETLANDS IN THE CITY IMITS WETLANDS IN THE SPHERE OF INFLUENCE Renton' s Wetlands : Size Panther Creek Renton Wetland Springbrook East Valley F Longacres 16th Street East Valley B B Ik. Tract C Skk. River Rip. P-1 Pond - East Valley E East Valley C Cedar River Orillia Pond Field Survey Orchards Ref. No 33 Alaska Dist. James Avenue Metro Trt. Pit. Seattle Times Cedar River Marsh N.E. 20th Ref. No. 26 East Valley D Elk.Tract B Ref. No. 25 I Ref. No. 23 Ref. No. 22 Puget Wetland Talbot 172nd Ave. Bik. Tract A 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 Size (acres) Habitat Ratings of Renton's Wetlands: 45 % rated high in habitat value. 21 % rated medium. 33 % rated low. Low habitat value wetlands: 55 % on fill 45 % identified as disturbed. Sphere of Influence Wetlands: Size and Category 150 140 130 120 ` 110 k 100 m 90 , 0 80 ro 70 N 60 oil I 50 40 30 20 f 10 go IBM -LLU n � ,-.�^-{,--�•-�•-1--1.-�.-I.-i-1'-i.-�ri�--I'-{N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N��'�) - Wetland Category - King County VI . 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A.�►A..►��_I --- � VALLEY FILL AREAS • 1987) Areas Filled 1975-1980 1. Fill Permits and►i°1•1•010oi�1� .. Work 2. Fill Permits Pending - But No 404 ►AAAAAAAAA� Areas Filled Before Expired �a I c � €.•.❖.❖.❖.❖ m� A :��sf:frucsr I sm i�i� �ff.�u fftiK•>f—i�� � — �iffffffffw� i - v VALLEY HOSPITAL USE ( 1967) Recreation Undeveloped Single Family Residential Fill Light Industry Heavy Industry \\\\ :•!•!�!i!�!�!i� � Agriculture 111�IIHIIII R HIIIIIIC. ���os■� � I� ■ bill L LEY GENERAL i , o ' 11► �m� I I I �I IIII II�I . I. IIIIE I�..IEIII 1 � Illllllliq �I JII oar IIIIiiE�illllll Presumed Wetlands I1. 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I!■m!■■m■■■IFa■■■mm■15s7ms1■11 ® �0�� '�:ii'uTiiiiii�m■■■■■■TIRE■■■I li ►@��R■ `� E■iE■■!■■II■■m■■II r11■■_ � Jlf'�■■sue■::■s��si ' �m■B■M■II■■■■I■!Lml III■■i■■II■AM■i�rml I III■ER■■II■■■II■■\" IIIIIIoI�R■■■■ III■■■■■�Im!■■■■ I _ ' PRIOR DEVELOPMENT • 72) High Priority Wetlands Other Wetlands Medium Priority Wetlands ■■nn■■nnnn■i onouno• rll j i J�� I !�� „_� I)1111.�1111111111171:I1u"""• S 11''f1 i o0 o 0 m'ICf A �•uJ n �� ♦10�1�►1�� o ► 1 1���1���►11�i►1j� �I �011���A��A�!►1A� lrpw �t►!�!*'ms�'i�ii'a _ r'.�'�ti;Ti:1:�:���■ ►'►1��4��1011i1��11� a c ' ' + _�' ��i�°�•�•�•�•�•�i�°�•�•�°i° del tww WIM K. ���°•°•°•°•°•°°°•°•°•°•°•°•°•°•°•° ����•°•°°°°•••���° Z`iLEY GENERAL i°°°°°i°i°°°i°i°i°i°i°i°i°i°i°i°i°i�i+i°� � ii i i ' ''«°°•°° °•°i i °°•°•OO°•00°DOODO��i°i i �`01�111101 swi ROOM. GLACIER PARK FILL AREAS ( 1976) Areas Previously filled Filled (1974-1975) RemaInder Of Site ►�1�1�1�1�� Fill Permits Granted ('1975) Wetland Mitigation 1�� �e ��- 1 IUI:Uilllllllllnrumnm►t - � �� .� �'."a"M♦!«*ego°►♦i♦i♦ii 1 �_ p♦46ia♦♦♦♦♦ ��� t♦i+►600♦♦♦♦♦Ei♦♦� I _ ♦ m© �a I { I � Imp •♦❖.•♦O•♦•♦❖♦❖ m------------ UA �♦ � .ssrrsr•I• I � I �♦ o 0 ♦�♦♦♦♦• A3ii.ail I' n;♦;0.;♦�lov n0♦♦•♦•♦•♦♦♦/ ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦ •►►♦c♦♦♦•►��♦♦♦♦r egi QJ06 �♦°♦°♦•♦•♦•♦�l �♦�-♦�♦�.�.!i!�ai�}A.i.'Y♦i♦�♦��'Ii:t:�♦A♦♦.�ri1I�3/T�� ►♦♦♦♦♦♦ ♦...� ♦..��ii.C♦pia .►.../.i.../././././././././././.i././.../././.i.! VALLEY LAND USE ( 1975) ResidentialIndustr Open Spaceand Agricultural ecreation Fill �....... 1•♦•♦♦♦•♦•♦•♦•♦� ISSUES ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT encourage development in areas with infrastructure differences between Valley and other wetlands 100% density credit for buffers mitigation bank and/or replacement off-site buffer use and averaging overriding public purpose NO NET LOSS mandated by both federal and state high quality wetlands- no alteration lower quality wetlands - alteration with replacement in kind retention of 1989 manual for delineation of wetlands PRIVATE PROPERTY RIGHTS 100% density credit for buffers replacement off-site, or on-site uses allowed within buffers REDUCTION OF FEES:"DOUBLE-DIPPING" still a question: water, sewer, LID fees possible solutions: reduction open space category for taxes mitigation bank concept LOOPHOLES flexibility vs "opening for Kenworth trucks" CREATION OF WETLANDS will it really work? recreation/replacement more certain. getting DOE, COE buy-off. PROCESS WITHIN THE CITY who processes permits? to whom are appeals sent? (working on this) Draft Estimated Cumulative Acreage By Wetland Category 300 category 1 \ 250 category ! � ) 200 } category J > 150 > \ / 100 / So ' x. 0- wetland category Draft Wetland Category Systems Jurisdiction Wetland Description Category Renton Zoned as Greenbelt Greenbelt/Master Shoreline Kent ET species or Outstanding habitat,40- o open water with 2 Class 1 veg. classes, > 10 acres with >_ 3 wetland classes Incl. open water. Uses King County System Greater than 1 acre, <_ 1 acre with >_ 3 veg classes, <_ 1 acre with Class 2 forested veg. class or presence of heron rookeries or raptor nesting trees. Wetlands < 1 acre with S 2 veg. classes. Class 3 Tukwila Values are based on a rating system which numerically rates High Value wetlands on the basis of all the following criteria: Medium Value Food Chain Support Nutrient Transport Water Storage Wetland Size Buffer Barrier Function Water Quality Low Value Diversity Residence Time Land Use Vegetation Density Vegetation Type Auburn ET species,Natural Heritage Sites,high quality native or rare and Category I irreplaceable communities, locally exceptional. Uses DOE Recommendation Greater than 2500 ft 2• Not Category I but has habitat for Category II sensitive species recognized by state or federal agencies,rare but Puget Sound not high quality communities, significant functions that cannot be Region Wetlands replicated, significant diversity and size, contiguous with salmonid Rating System fish-bearing waters or significant use by fish and wildlife. >_ 10 acres and>2 wetland classes together with open water at any time of the year or>_ 10 acres and>_ 3 wetland classes and>_ 5 subclasses of vegetation, >5 acres and 40-60% open water and>2 sub-lasses of vegetation Greater than 2500 ft 2 but do not contain the features outlined in Category III categories I, II or IV. Greater than 10,000 ft 2, are not Category I or II, isolated Category IV wetlands < I acre with 1 veg. class and monotypic vegetation or S 2 acres with 1 veg class and exotic species dominate. Bellevue Wetland is hydrologically linked to a stream corridor. Type A Wetland is not hydrologically linked and is larger than Type B 7200 ft.2. Wetland is not hydrologically linked and is smaller than Type C 7200 ft.2- 5 Lynnwood Associated with creek systems. ETSM species, >_10 acres with >_ 3 Category I vegetation classes incl. open water or presence of infrequent plant associations. Not Category I but with creek association, > 2 acres, > 1 acre with Category II forested wetland class, >_ 1 acre having 40-50 % open water with > 2 vegetation classes or any wetlands forming the headwaters of a stream. Wetlands <_ 2 acres and have <_ 2 vegetation classes and have no Category III surface water connections to creek systems. Hydrologically isolated, < 1000 ft.2 or 1 wetland class that is not Category IV forested. King County ET species or Outstanding habitat, 4 - o open water with >_ 2 Class 1 veg. classes, >_ 10 acres with >_ 3 wetland classes Incl. open water. Greater than 1 acre, <_ 1 acre with >_ 3 veg classes, <_ 1 acre with forested veg. class or presence of heron rookeries or raptor nesting Class 2 trees. Wetlands S 1 acre with <_ 2 veg. classes. Class 3 DOE ET species, Natural Heritage Sites,high quality native or rare and Category I Recommendation irreplaceable communities, locally exceptional. Puget Sound Greater than 2500 ft 2- Not Category I but has habitat for Category II Region Wetlands sensitive species recognized by state or federal agencies,rare but Rating System not high quality communities, significant functions that cannot be replicated, significant diversity and size,contiguous with salmonid fish-bearing waters or significant use by fish and wildlife. >_ 10 acres and >_ 2 wetland classes together with open water at any time of the year or >_ 10 acres and >_ 3 wetland classes and >_ 5 subclasses of vegetation, >_ 5 acres and 40-60% open water and >_2 Category III subclasses of vegetation Greater than 2500 ft 2 but do not contain the features outlined in Category IV categories I, II or IV. Greater than 10,000 ft 2, are not Category I or II, isolated wetlands < 1 acre with 1 veg. class and monotypic vegetation or <_ 2 acres with 1 veg class and exotic species dominate. 6 Activities Permitted in Wetlands Jurisdiction Wetland Activities Permitted in Wetland and Buffer Categories Renton Greenbelt/Urban SF < 35 ft., Agricultural Buildings, Plots approved before Shoreline 1981 can construct recreational/community facilities. Buffers used for stormwater management. Kent Class 1 Must demonstrate compatibility with and maintenance of Class 2 wetland functions. Class 3 "Tukwila High Value Maintenance&repair,passive recreational/educational. Medium Value Low Value Auburn Category I Conservation, recreation, wild crop harvesting, existing Category II agriculture, maintenance, emergency repair. Category III Must be water dependent or require access to or across Category IV wetland for basic function and has no practicable alternative. Bellevue All wetlands Communication towers, Botanical Gardens, Camping, Parks, Agriculture, Horticulture, Tree Farming, Fish/Aquaculture, Accessory site for items produced on site, Utilities, Right of way. Lynnwood Category I No activities unless no reasonable alternative is available. Category lI Category III Category IV King County Class 1 and Class 2 Prohibits disturbance or alteration unless wetland has no valuable functions or proposed development will preserve or enhance wetland functions. Class 3 Allows agricultural building or associated residence on grazed wet meadow if hydrologic storage is replaced. Up to 3 wetlands that are hydrologically isolated and < 2500 ft.2 with no permanent open water per 20 acres per development may be altered by combining their functions and values into one large wetland on site. Allows the use of buffers for stormwater management other than R/D if buffer functions are not impaired. DOE Category I Conservation, recreation, wild crop harvesting, Recommendations Category II agriculture, horticulture, aquaculture, education, research, Category III routine maintenance. Category IV 12 Wetland Stormwater Discharge Regulations Jurisdiction Wetlands Affected Regulation Renton All wetlands Special Requirement No. 5 Discharging within 1 mile of a wetland requires certain water quality controls. Special Requirement No. 8 Can use wetlands for runoff control if certain conditions are met. Kent Case by case at this time. Tukwila High Value Discharges to all wetlands allowed from Medium Value detention facilities,pre-settlement ponds Low Value or other surface water management structures if meets clean water standards RCW 90.48 and WAC 173.200 and 173.201, and does not increase the rate of flow to the wetland beyond existing rate. Regional detention allowed if no decrease in resource value. Use PSWSM Guidelines and BMPs. Auburn Category I Pretreatment as per DOE Category II recommendations prior to discharge. Category III Requirements may vary based on land Category IV use. Bellevue Type A Wetlands are not specifically mentioned. Type B Policies strive to conserve historical drainage patterns,protect and preserve open water features. Lynnwood Have not addressed stormwater management and wetlands at this time. King County Discharge from detention facilities, presettlement ponds provided there is no increase in the rate of flow or decrease in water quality. Class 1 and Class 2 Used for regional detention only when there is no practical alternative,to protect public health and safety or repair damaged resources. Class 3 Altered for regional R/D with presettlement if all requirements of the SW Manual are met 13 Major Regulations Affecting Renton's Wetlands Ordinance Affected Wetlands Regulation Greenbelt Ordinance 4-745 Wetlands Zoned Greenbelt: Subject to Shoreline Master Program Black River Panther Creek Cedar River Marsh Shoreline Master Program Wetlands associated with streams and Allows SF _< 35 ft.. 3758 lakes considered "of statewide Allows agricultural structures. significance": Exempts development on plats approved Cedar River(Urban&Conservancy) before 1981 if community oriented. Green River (Urban) Designates stream systems as: Lake Washington (Urban) a. Urban - allows all uses May Creek (Conservancy & Urban) b. Conservancy - allows SF, Passive Springbrook Creek (Urban) Recreation and Passive Agriculture. Black River (Natural) c. Natural - allows no uses except flood storage. Buffers: Residential 20 ft. from shoreline. Land Clearing and Tree Any Wetland No land clearing,tree cutting or Cutting Ordinance 4219 groundcover management except Routine Vegetation enhancement within 25 ft. of wetland Management 4-9-10 (minimum buffer). Filling and Grading If fill is > 500 yd . Special permit is required and SEPA is triggered. Special Requirements No. 5 All projects discharging stormwater Need wet vault, wet r end or WQ swale and No. 8 directly into a wetland > I acre w/o prior to discharge from site. Runoff peak runoff control or within 1 mile of controls may be required. a Class 1 or 2 (King County designation) wetland. US Army Corps Section All wetlands nation-wide. Permits are required for fills of >_ 1 acre 404 Permit of wetlands or if ET species are present, wild& scenic streams or treaties regarding species. SEPA Review All wetlands in Washington State. All projects with wetlands are subject to DOE review and comment.. State Hydraulic Code Wetlands that are considered state Permits are required for any alterations Hydraulic Project Approval waters. to wetlands providing habitat to fish. 2 No-Net LosslNet Gain Not achievable through individual permit. actions: Habitat/Hydrologic Isolation Needs Systems Approach: Encourage cooperative restoration/enhancement projects. Establish City owned mitigation bank. Select project sites based on contribution to: Habitat Connectivity (Integrate with other sensitive areas) Stormwater Management Objectives Strategy: Provide maximum protection for locally significant wetlands. Replace low value, disturbed wetlands with higher value wetland habitat that will increase system-wide hydrologic and habitat connectivity. 5/21/91 Draft Wetlands Ordinance Brief A. Azous 277 -6190 a No-Net Loss/Net Gain Not achievable through individual permit actions: Habitat/Hydrologic Isolation Needs Systems Approach: Encourage cooperative restoration/enhancement projects. Establish City owned mitigation bank. Select project sites based on contribution to: Habitat Connectivity (Integrate with other sensitive areas) Stormwater Management Objectives Strategy: Provide maximum protection for locally significant wetlands. Replace low value, disturbed wetlands with higher value wetland habitat that will increase system-wide hydrologic and habitat connectivity. 5/21/91 Draft Wetlands Ordinance Brief A. Azous 277 -6190 a Wetland Sizes (reported to date) Preliminary 70 60 All of Renton 50 m 40 4 U 30 20 10 0 a rx 0 0 M 4 a a a a w v a w 4 m Co 4 4 w u O cn a > > w > > a cn x Q c ,Q 4-) L H 4 M to w W U W W w \ ri U R: Z in in N O r Ln N N a N N N N 5/17/91 Draft wetlands Ordinance Brief A. Azous 277-6190 6 Sphere of Influence Wetlands (King County designations) 30 class 1 25 class 2 Class a 20 iiX \ ` Unknown/Unclassified 10 } . , 5 ' \ 0 Wetland Compensation Ratios Jurisdiction Wetlands Category Compensation Ratio Renton All wetlands Case by case. 1:1 to 1.35:1 Kent Class 1 :1 Class 2 Variable: Forested 3:1 Scrub-Shrub 2:1 . Emergent 1.5:1. Class 3 1.25:1 Tukwila High Value Not allowed Medium Value Not Allowed Low Value 1.5:1 Auburn Ratios likely to be <_ 1:1 due to lack of available creation sites. Bellevue All wetlands 1:1, Must be established 3 years prior to wetland disturbance and monitored. Lynnwood Category I 6:1 Category 11 Variable: Forested 3:1 * If mitigation is off- Scrub-Shrub 2:1 site, ratios maybe Emergent 1.5:1 higher Category III Same as Category II Category IV 1.25:1 King County Class 1 2:1 Class 2 2:1 Class 3 1:1 DOE Category I 6:1 Recommendations Category II Variable: Forested 3:1 Scrub-Shrub 2:1 Emergent 1.5:1 Category III Same as Category II Category IV 1.25:1 10 Wetland Buffer Regulations Jurisdiction Wetlands Affected Buffer Width Renton All Wetlands 25 ft. Clearing Restriction Greenbelt/Master Shoreline 20 ft. Kent Class 1 100 ft. Class 2 50 ft. Class 3 25 ft. Tukwila High Value too ft. Medium Value 50 ft. Low Value 25 ft. Auburn Category I High 300 ft. Category I Low 200 ft. Same as DOE Recommendations Category I1 High 200 ft. Category II Low 100 ft. High = High Intensity Land Use Category III High 100 ft. Category III Low 50 ft. Low = Low Intensity Land Use Category IV High 50 ft. Category IV Low 25 ft. Bellevue Type A 50 ft. (setbacks not buffers) Type B 25 ft. Lynnwood Category I I ft. Category II 50 ft. Category III 25 ft. Category IV 10 ft. King County Class 1 100 ft. Class 2 50 ft. Class 3 25 ft. DOE Category I High 300 ft. Recommendations Category I Low 200 ft. High = High Category II High 200 ft. Intensity Land Use Category II Low 100 ft. Low = Low Category III High 100 ft. Intensity Land Use Category III Low 50 ft. Category IV High 50 ft Category IV Low 25 ft 8 In 616 (n 1 G m m 076 (D 5 r=-0.744 9 r=-.7575 CL p = 0.29 a s p - ' C/) Co 7 CZ 4 M Q E 6 C2 3 C5 5 E 4 2 O 3 O m 2 1 E 1 E :3 Z G Z 0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 Size of Wetland (Acres) Size of Wetland (acres) 25 * 7 0 Cn r=-.058 20 p = .8126 260 � � U v n50 15 + 0 CO � # � � -040 r a, 10 CL 0 3 0 • iW. r =0.724 5 2 0 * p = 0.0005 CZ � 0 z10 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 0 Size of Wetland (Acres) 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 Size of Wetland (acres) Source: Puget Sound Wetlands and Stormwater Research Program 5/21/91 Draft Wetlands Ordinance Brief A. Azous 277-6190 g Historical Loss of Wetland Area and Function 0 100 90 ■ Acerage > 80 Function 70 M 60 .14 p 50 ,N 40 0 30 92 20 172 1000 U .......::.;::.;:;.:.;:.;: a o Remaining wetland acreage and function in Renton's South Valley. 5/17/91 Draft Wetlands Ordinance Brief A. Azous 277-6190 3 cn 6 1G m O 9 r=-.076 Q 5 r=-0.744 � p = .7575 p= 0.29 Q a U) � 4 (Z E 6 Q 3 CO 5 E 4 Q 2 O 3 O m 2 -0 1 E 1 E � Z 0 Z 0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 0 5 10 is 20 25 30 Size of Wetland (Acres) Size of Wetland (acres) 25 * 70 r=-.058 20 p = .8126 60 � # U � Q50 DC 15 ; CO (n # 4 0 • 8 10 CL * 0 3 0 �� r =0 .724 CA • 5 D 2 O. p= 0.0005 CZ E o_ = 107 0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 0 Size of Wetland (Acres) 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 Size of Wetland (acres) Source: Puget Sound Wetlands and Stormwater Research Program 5/21/91 Draft Wetlands Ordinance Brief A. Azous 277-6190 g