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1 SEDIMENT QUALITY TESTING REPORT '
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Garden Avenue North/North Sixth Street
Storm Drain Sediment Sampling Project
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Prepared for:
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City of Renton
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December 1993
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HERRERA
ENVIRONMENTAL
1 CONSULTANTS
ion Recycled Paper
SEDIMENT QUALITY TESTING REPORT
Garden Avenue North/North Sixth Street
Storm Drain Sediment Sampling Project
' Prepared for:
City of Renton
Surface Water Utility
Renton, Washington 98055
Prepared by:
Herrera Environmental Consultants, Inc.
1414 Dexter Avenue North, Suite 200
' Seattle, Washington 98109
' December 1993
CONTENTS
Introduction . ........................................................................... I
SamplingProcedures ............................................................................................. 1
' Air Monitoring.......................................................................................................4
Results...................................................................................................................4
Metals...........................................................................................................4
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons.....................................................................6
AirQuality ........................................................................................:..........7
Hazard Evaluation........................................................................................ 8
Recommendations ...................................................................................... 12
References........................................................................................................... 13
' Appendix A Sampling/Quality Assurance Project Plan
Appendix B Seattle-King County Department of Public Health Generator Waste Clearance
' Application Forms
Appendix C Data Quality Assurance Report
' FIGURES AND TABLES
Figures
1 Garden Avenue North/North Sixth Street drainage system.......................2
' Tables
1 Results for sediment samples collected from Garden Avenue North/
North Sixth Street storm drain............................................................. 5
' 2 Toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) testing results for
the Garden Avenue North/North Sixth Street storm drain sediments.... 6
3 Air quality monitoring results from the Garden Avenue North/North
Sixth Street storm drain.......................................................................7
4 Exposure pathways and health effects associated with contaminants in
the Garden Avenue North/North Sixth Street storm drain....................9
1 5 Health hazards and perishable exposure limits to gases found in
confinedspaces ................................................................................. 11
INTRODUCTION
The Garden Avenue North/North Sixth Street storm drain, located in North Renton was
constructed in the early 1940s. It originates on the Paccar property near the intersection of
Garden Avenue North and North Fourth Street adjacent to Building 17 (Figure 1) and runs north
along the east side of Garden Avenue North to the intersection North Sixth Street. At North
Sixth Street, the drain turns west and runs down the centerline of North Sixth Street to the Cedar
' River.
The drain has served as both an industrial waste discharge and a storm drain. While in
' operation, the Paccar plant discharged an estimated 0.08 MGD of contact cooling water from the
foundry quench tanks, 0.06 MGD and 0.035 MGD of non-contact cooling water from two
foundry melt furnaces and machinery, respectively to the Garden Avenue North/North Sixth
' Street drain under its National Pollution Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit. The
drain also collects runoff from approximately 5 acres at the Paccar site including the northern
half of the foundry building roof and from mostly paved surfaces east and north of the foundry
' building. In addition, the drain receives runoff from numerous catch basins along Garden
Avenue North and North Sixth Street. Industrial waste discharges were discontinued in 1988
when the plant shutdown. The drain currently continues to collect runoff from the Paccar site
' and adjacent roadways.
Sediment deposits have accumulated in the manholes and drain lines. As part of routine
' maintenance operations, the City of Renton plans to clean and repair any damaged sections of
the drainage system. Because many pollutants tend to adhere to particulate material, storm drain
sediments can often contain elevated concentrations of some pollutants, including metals and
' organic compounds. To characterize conditions in the storm drain prior to cleaning, sediment
samples were collected from key locations in the drainage system and analyzed for chemical
contaminants of concern. The goals of the Garden Avenue North/North Sixth Street storm
' system sediment sampling project included the following:
■ Characterize the chemical composition of sediment that has accumulated in
' the storm drain system and evaluate appropriate disposal options
■ Determine whether sediments pose a potential health hazard to City crews
' ■ Aid in identifying possible sources if the sediments in the drain are found to
be contaminated.
SAMPLING PROCEDURES
Storm drain sediment sampling locations and sampling procedures, data quality assurance
procedures, and health and safety procedures implemented as part of the sediment sampling
program were previously described in the Quality Assurance Project Plan (Herrera 1993) and are
summarized below:
289A\QAREPT 1 Herrera Environmental Consultants
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ENVIRONMENTAL
CONSULTANTS O Manhole
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Figure 1. Garden Avenue North/North 6th Street drainage system.
' Sediment samples were collected from two manholes on the Garden Avenue North/North Sixth
Street storm drain (Figure 1) to characterize potential contamination and sediment quality.
These stations were selected based on a field reconnaissance survey conducted on August 25,
1993 and are described as follows:
' ■ Station 1. Manhole located on the east side of Garden Avenue North near the
north end of Paccar building 17 (Figure 1). This station coincides with
Paccar's former NPDES monitoring station and is the most upstream manhole
on the drain that is accessible for sampling. Contributions from the Paccar
industrial discharge, Paccar site runoff, and Garden Avenue North street
runoff would be represented at this station.
Sediment at this station appeared to consist of fairly rained sands and
PP Y coarse g
gravel with a considerable amount of rock and concrete debris present.
' Orange staining indicative of iron bacteria was also observed in the sediment
at this location.
' ■ Station 2. Manhole located on North Sixth Street at the intersection with
Burnett Avenue North approximately 3,500 feet downstream of Station 1.
Sediment at Station 2 is visibly different from the sediment at Station 1,
1 consisting primarily of a brown fine silty sand.
Station 2 is located near the downstream end of the drainage system about
1,800 feet upstream of the outfall in the Cedar River. The drainage system
below Burnett Avenue is not well defined and based on recent dye tests, it is
unclear which of the remaining manholes on North Sixth Street between
' Burnett Avenue and the Cedar River are connected to the Garden Avenue
North/North Sixth Street drain.
Sediment samples collected from Stations 1 and 2 were analyzed for the following parameters:
■ Total solids
' ■ Particle size
■ Total petroleum hydrocarbons (HCID followed by WTPH-G, WTPH-D, and
Method 418.1 as necessary)
' ■ Priority pollutant metals (antimony, arsenic, beryllium, cadmium, chromium,
copper, mercury, lead, nickel, silver, selenium, thallium, and zinc).
rA single composite sample was also collected to assess disposal options. This sample consisted
■ of a composite derived from grab samples collected at the following three stations:
■ Station 1 (same as above)
■ Station 2 (same as above)
■ Station 3: Manhole at the intersection of Garden Avenue North and North
Wells Avenue. This station is located approximately midway between
Stations 1 and 2 (see Figure 1).
289A\QAREPT 3 Herrera Environmental Consultants
' The composite sample was archived until the metals results from the individual grab samples
p P g p
' collected at Stations 1 and 2 were completed.
AIR MONITORING
' Prior to collectingthe sediment samples, air quality in the manhole at each sampling station was
P � q Y P g
monitored using field instruments to assess potential hazards to city personnel who may need to
enter the manholes to clean and repair the system. The following parameters were measured at
each station:
■ Oxygen (percent)
■ Combustible gas (as percent of lower explosive limit)
■ Total organic vapors (using a photoionization detector [PID])
' ■ Carbon monoxide (ppm)
■ Hydrogen sulfide (ppm).
' RESULTS
' Analytical testing results obtained from the sediments at Stations 1 and 2 of the Garden Avenue
North/North Sixth Street drain are presented in Table 1. These results are discussed below with
regard to disposal options, potential health hazards, and potential sources of those contaminants
' identified.
Laboratory data were validated according to the objectives and procedures described in the
' sampling and quality assurance plan. No analytical problems or limitations or the use of the data
were identified (Appendix Q.
' Metals
' The concentration of metals detected were (where appropriate) compared to cleanup levels
identified by the Washington State Department of Ecology Model Toxics Control Act (MTCA)
Cleanup Regulation (WAC 173-340). The following metals exceeded the MTCA soil cleanup
' level (Method A) at Stations 1 and 2; arsenic, chromium, and lead. Cadmium exceeded the
MTCA cleanup level at Station 2 (see Table 1).
Using a worst case assumption regarding the solubility of the concentrations of those metals
observed, the initial concentrations of lead and cadmium observed in the dram sediments were
found to be present at levels which could exceed WDOE criteria established for dangerous
' waste. Therefore, additional testing was requested for these sediments using the toxicity
characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) to determine whether the sediments in the drain
classify as dangerous waste under WAC 173-303. Thus, the archived composite sample, which
' was comprised of the individual grab samples from Stations 1, 2, and 3, was submitted to the
laboratory for further analysis.
' 289A\QAREPT 4 Herrera Environmental Consultants
' Table 1. Results for sediment samples collected from Garden Avenue North/
North Sixth Street storm drain.
MTCA(a)
Cleanup
Level A
' for Soil
Station 1 Station 2 (mg/kg)
Sample collection
' Date 09/14/93 09/14/93
Time 1010 1215
' Particle size (%by weight)
Gravel (seive size > #10) 25.0 20.0
Sand (seive size < #10-#200) 57.0 45.0
' Silt and clay(seive size < #200) 18.0 35.0
' Metals (mg/kg)
Antimony 1.3 J 2 J ---
Arsenic 24 42 20
Beryllium 0.6 U 0.4 U
Cadmium 1 5.3 2.0
' Chromium 482 330 100
Copper 433.5 410
Lead 320 J 369 J 250
Mercury 0.08 0.4 1.0
' Nickel 188.5 181 ---
Selenium 0.1 U 0.4
Silver 3 4 ---
Thallium 0.6 U 0.4 U =
Zinc 215.5 969 __
' Petroleum Hydrocarbons (mg/kg)
Gasoline(WTPH-HCID) 340 20 U 100
Diesel(WTPH-HCID) 870 J 4,300 J 200
Oils (WTPH-HCID) 3,700 1,400 200
' Gasoline(WTPH-G) 140 NA 100
Diesel(WTPH) 790 1,500 200
' Total petroleum hydrocarbons (418.1) 2,300 5,200 M 200
' (a) Model Toxics Control Act WAC 173-340
U = Not detected at the specified detection limit.
J = Estimated value.
' M = Mean of two samples.
289A\GARDEN
Disposal Options
' The results of the TCLP testing (Table 2) indicate that the sediments from the storm drain are
not considered to be a dangerous waste under WAC 173-340. Therefore, disposal at an
approved landfill (e.g., Cedar Hills) is allowable.
' Table 2. Toxicity characteristic leaching Procedure (TCLP) testing results for the
Garden Avenue North/North Sixth Street storm drain sediments.
' Composite Sample TCLPa
Analyte Results (mg/L) Criteria (mg/L)
Arsenic 0.05 5.0
Barium 0.950 ---
Cadmium 0.002 1.0
Chromium 0.005 5.0
Lead 0.03 5.0
Mercury 0.0001 0.2
Selenium 0.05 1.0
Silver 0.003 5.0
' a WAC 173-303
' Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons
' The results from the WTPH-HCID analysis indicated that diesel and oil were present in the
sediment at both Stations 1 and 2; Station 1 also contained gasoline. The HCID analyses is a
qualitative screening method used to identify the type of petroleum hydrocarbons present in each
sample so that the appropriate quantitative methods required to evaluate compliance with
regulatory standards can be performed. Because gasoline, diesel, and oils, were positively
identified in the sediment samples, additional analyses (WTPH-G, WTPH-D, and 418.1) were
' requested.
The results, presented in Table 1 show that the concentrations of diesel (WTPH-D) and total
petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) (Method 418.1) in sediment samples collected from Stations 1
and 2 exceed the MTCA cleanup levels for soil (200 mg/kg). In addition, sediment at Station 1
exceeds the MTCA cleanup level for gasoline (100 mg/kg). The WTPH-D method measures the
concentration of petroleum products ranging from kerosene through fuel oil #2. Method 418.1
covers Bunker-C, lubricating oils, as well as diesel.
' Because the concentrations of diesel and TPH are greater at the downstream station (Station 2)
than at Station 1, it does not appear that the Paccar site is the primary source of these
contaminants. The elevated gasoline observed at Station 1 may be contributed in part from the
' Paccar site. However, catchbasins along Garden Avenue North also discharge to the Garden
Avenue North/North Sixth Street drain upstream of Station 1. Therefore, roadway runoff may
also contribute to the gasoline contamination found at Station 1.
' 289A\QAREPT 6 Herrera Environmental Consultants
Disposal Options
' Although the concentration of petroleum hydrocarbons present in these storm drain sediments
exceeds the MTCA cleanup level for total petroleum hydrocarbons, the levels do not exceed the
dangerous waste criteria as per WAC 173-303. Thus, these sediments may be disposed of at an
approved landfill such as the Cedar Hills landfill in King County.
King County Disposal Requirements. Wastes must be approved for disposal by the Seattle-King
' County Health Department before they will be accepted at the Cedar Hills landfill. Wastes
containing less than 3 percent TPH are accepted at the landfill and wastes containing greater than
3 percent TPH may be accepted, although these more highly contaminated wastes are typically
segregated and disposed separately from the garbage (Burke 1993 personal communication).
Total petroleum hydrocarbon concentrations in the Garden Avenue North/North Sixth Street
drain sediments are well below 3 percent. Therefore, sediment removed from the drain would
' likely be accepted for disposal by the Health Department.
Prior to disposal, generator's waste profile sheet, certification of representativeness, and waste
' clearance application forms must be submitted and approved by the Health Department. Copies
of the appropriate application forms are provided in Appendix B.
' Air Quality
' Field instruments were used to monitor air quality within each of the manholes (i.e., Stations 1,
2, and 3) at the time sediments were collected for analysis. The air monitoring results are
presented in Table 3.
' Field measurements at Station 1 indicated a total organic vapor concentration of 4.1 ppm. This
reading was recorded just above the sediment surface which was also noted to be stained black
and to have a strong hydrocarbon odor.
At Station 2 a total organic vapor reading of 10.3 ppm was observed. Except for carbon
' monoxide (CO) at 4 ppm, all other instrument readings were comparable to background.
At Station 3, air quality readings were identical to Station 2, however, battery failure on the
' photoionization detector (PID) resulted in no measurement of total organic vapor for this station.
Table 3. Air quality monitoring results from the Garden Avenue North/North Sixth
' Street storm drain.
Parameter Background Station 1 Station 2 Station 3
' Oxygen 20.9% 20.9% 20.9% 20.9%
Hydrogen sulfide 0.0 ppm 0.0 ppm 0.0 ppm 0.0 ppm
Carbon monoxide 0.00 ppm 0.00 ppm 4.0 ppm 4.0 ppm
' Combustible gas (LEL) 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%
Total organic vapors (PID) 0.0 ppm 4.1 ppm 10.3 ppm NA
' NA = no measurement
' 289A\QAREPT 7 Herrera Environmental Consultants
The air quality testing results indicate that entry into the manholes for maintenance or to remove
' sediments should not be a problem with regard to adequate oxygen, explosive gases, carbon
monoxide, or hydrogen sulfide gas. However, the total organic vapor readings of 4.1 to 10.3
ppm suggest that additional precautions may be warranted when entering the storm drain. The
' PID meter that was used to measure organic vapor concentrations cannot distinguish individual
organic compounds present in the manholes. The meter provides a measure of the total
concentration of all organic compounds combined. Because sediment samples exhibited
' elevated concentrations of petroleum hydrocarbons, including gasoline, polycyclic aromatic
hydrocarbons (PAH) and benzene, ethylbenzene, toluene, and xylene (component of gasoline)
are the organic compounds most likely to be associated with the sediments in the storm drain
' system. PAH compounds include naphthalene, acenaphthylene, acenaphthene, fluorene,
phenanthrene, anthracene, fluoranthene, pyrene, benzo(a)anthracene, chrysene,
benzo(b)fluoranthene, benzo(k)fluoranthene, benzo(a)pyrene, indeno(1,2,3-c,d) pyrene,
' dibenzo(a,h)anthracene, and benzo(g,h,i)perylene. Potential health hazards associated with these
compounds and other contaminants present in the storm drain sediments are described in the
following section.
Hazard Evaluation
' The primary routes of exposure to contaminants present in the Garden Avenue North/North
Sixth Street storm drain sediments (metals, petroleum hydrocarbons) are inhalation, skin contact,
' dermal absorption, and ingestion. Symptoms of overexposure and occupational health standards
for these contaminants are summarized in Table 4.
Dermal absorption and ingestion can be controlled through use of proper personal protective
clothing (i.e., boots, gloves, and coveralls) and decontamination procedures. Inhalation
exposure can be minimized by ventilating the manhole prior to entry to reduce the concentration
of the contaminant in the worker's breathing space and/or by wearing appropriate respiratory
protection (i.e., air-purifying respirator). Although metals exposure can occur via inhalation,
this pathway is not considered to be a serious threat to workers because the sediments in the
manholes are typically wet, which reduces the potential for dust generation. Inhalation is of
most concern for PAHs which are semi-volatile and for benzene which is highly volatile.
' Other potential hazards associated with confined space entry include oxygen-deficient and/or
explosive conditions caused by the presence of other gases that may or may not be related to
sediment contamination. Other potentially hazardous gases that may be present include carbon
' dioxide, carbon monoxide, methane, hydrogen sulfide, and ammonia. Although these gases are
more common in sanitary sewers, they could be present in the Garden Avenue North/North Sixth
Street drain. Possible sources of these gases include cross connections between the sanitary
' sewer and storm drain systems and organic material that may be degraded by bacteria present in
the storm drain. Hazards associated with these additional gases that may be encountered in
confined spaces are summarized in Table 5.
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289A\QAREPT 8 Herrera Environmental Consultants
Table 4. Exposure pathways and health effects associated with contaminants in the Garden Avenue North/North 6th Street storm drain.
Contaminant Exposure Symptoms of overexposure First Aid Occupational Health Standards(a)
Pathway TWA(b) STEL(c) IDLH(d)
Arsenic Inhalation Diarrhea,shock,and destruction of red blood cells Eye: irrigate immediately. 0.2 mg/m3 -- 100 mg/m3
Ingestion (hemolysis). Skin:wash with soap and water.
Ingestion: seek medical attention.
Cadmium Inhalation Cadmium is a strong irritant. Nausea and vomitting occur Eye: irrigate immediately. 0.005 mg/m3 0.6 mg/m3(e) 50 mg/m3(e)
Ingestion with ingestion. Respiratory stress. Pulmonary edema Skin: wash with soap and water.
and death can occur with inhalation of high concentrations. Ingestion: seek medical attention.
Cadmium is a human carcinogen. Inhal.: respiratory support
Chromium Inhalation Irritation of skin and mucous membranes. Eye: irrigate immediately. 0.05 mg/m3 NE(e)
Ingestion Skin: wash with soap and water.
Skin contact Ingestion: seek medical attention.
Inhal.: respiratory support
Copper Inhalation Irritation of eyes and mucous membranes,and dermititis. Eye: irrigate immediately. 1 mg/m3 NE
Ingestion Skin: wash with soap and water.
Skin contact Ingestion: seek medical attention.
Inhalation: respiratory support
Lead Inhalation Fatigue,anorexia,eye irritation,abdominal pain. Eye: irrigate immediately. 0.05 mg/m3 -- 700 mg/m3(e)
Ingestion Skin: wash with soap and water.
Skin contact Ingestion: seek medical attention.
Zinc Inhalation Sweet metal taste,dry throat,cough,chill,and Eye: irrigate immediately. 1 mg/m3 zinc 2.0 mg/m3 zinc 4,800 mg/m3
Skin contact respiratory distress. Skin and eye irritation. Skin: wash with soap and water. chloride chloride(e) zinc chloride
Inhalation: respiratory support 5 mg/m3 zinc 10 mg/m3 zinc NE zinc oxide
oxide oxide(e)
continued
M MI M M M M M M M M M
Table 4. Exposure pathways and health effects associated with contaminants in the Garden Avenue North/North 6th Street storm drain(continued).
Contaminant Exposure Symptoms of overexposure First Aid Occupational Health Standards(a)
Pathway TWA(b) STEL(c) IDLH(d)
Polynudear aromatic Skin contact Headaches and dizziness. Seek medical attention. 0.1 mg/m3(e,f) -- 700 ppm(e,f)
hydrocarbons Inhalation Some PAHs are human carcinogens.
Ingestion
Benzene Inhalation Eye,nose,and respiratory irritant Giddiness,headache, Seek medical attention. 1 ppm 5 ppm 3,000 ppm(e)
Skin absorption nausea,fatigue,dermatitis,bone marrow depression,
Ingestion abdominal pain. Benzene is a human carcinogen.
Skin contact
Ethylbenzene Inhalation Irritation to eyes and mucous membranes. Eye: irrigate immediately. 100 ppm 125 ppm 2,000 ppm(a)
Ingestion Headache,dermatitis,narcosis,coma. Skin: wash with soap and water.
Skin contact Ingestion: seek medical attention.
Inhalation: respiratory support
Toluene Inhalation Fatigue,weakness,confusion,euphoria. Eye: irrigate immediately. 100 ppm 150 ppm 2,000 ppm(e)
Skin absorption Dizziness,headache,dilated pupils. Skin: wash with soap and water.
Ingestion Excessive tearing,nervousness,muscle fatigue,insomnia. Ingestion: seek medical attention.
Skin contact Paresthesia,dermatitis. Inhalation: respiratory support
Xylenes Inhalation Dizziness,excitement,drowsiness. Eye: irrigate immediately. 100 ppm 150 ppm 1,000 ppm(a)
Skin absorption Incoordination,staggering gait. Skin: wash with soap and water.
Ingestion Irrigated eyes,nose,throat Ingestion: seek medical attention.
Skin contact Corneal vacuolization,anorexia,nausea,vomitting, Inhalation: respiratory support
abdominal pain,dermatitis.
NE=No evidence for existence of an IDLH; ppm=part per million;mg/m3=milligrams per cubic meter.
a) General Occupational Health Standards(WAC 296-62)unless otherwise noted.
b) TWA: time weighted average. Concentration that must not be exceeded during any 8-hour work shift of a 40-hour work week
c) STEL: short-term exposure limit. 15-minute TWA that should not be exceeded at any time during a workday.
d) Immediately dangerous to life or health: maximum concentration that one could escape within 30 minutes without a respirator and without experiencing any escape-impairing
or irreversible health effects.
e) NIOSH(1990).
f) Coal tar pitch volatiles(cyckohexane extractable fraction,anthracene,benzo(a)pyrene,phenanthrene,acridine,chrysene,pyrene).
Table 5. Health hazards and permissable exposure limits to gases found in confined spaces.
Gas Occurrence Toxic effect Occupational Health Standards (a)
TWA(b) STEL(c) IDLH(d)
Carbon dioxide Aerobic conditions. Heavier than air: Asphyxiation 5,000 ppm 30,000 ppm 50,000 ppm
Found near bottom of manhole.
Carbon monoxide Motor exhaust,fire. Lighter than air: Headache at 100 ppm 35 ppm -- 1,500 ppm
Found near top of manhole. Unconsciousness.
SRN c,L2
Methane Anaerobic conditions. Lighter than air: Nausea -- -- -- N�'
Found near top of manhole. i SS°l� r �A,r
Hydrogen sulfide Anaerobic conditions. Heavier than air: Lost sense of smell. 10 ppm 15 ppm 300 ppm
Found near bottom of manhole. Asphyxiation.
Ammonia Anaerobic or aerobic conditions. 25 ppm 35 ppm 500 ppm
Heavier than air: Found near bottom
of manhole.
ppm=parts per million.
a) General Occupational Health Standards WAC 296-62.
b) TWA: time weighted average. Concentration that must not be exceeded during any 8-hour work shift of a 40-hour work-week.
c) STEL: short-term exposure limit. 15-minute TWA that should not be exceeded at any time during a workday.
d) Immediately dangerous to life or health: maximum concentration that one could escape within 30 minutes without a respirator
and without experiencing any escape-impairing or irreversible health effects.
Recommendations
' It is recommended that city crews follow procedures for confined space entry as described in
Part M of WAC 296-62 when working in the Garden Avenue North/North Sixth Avenue storm
drain. Part M requires that ventilation be maintained at all times when working in a confined
' space. Air monitoring for combustible gas, organic vapors, carbon monoxide, benzene, and
hydrogen sulfide levels in the breathing space within the manhole should be conducted prior to
entry to evaluate the effectiveness of the ventilation equipment. Under no circumstances should
workers enter a manhole if air quality in the manhole does not meet the following criteria:
■ Oxygen: greater than or equal to 19.5 percent and less
' than 23 percent
■ Lower explosive limit (LEL): less than 20 percent of the LEL
■ Carbon monoxide: less than 200 ppm
■ Hydrogen sulfide: less than 10 ppm
■ Organic vapor: less than 5 ppm above background.
' Ventilation and air quality monitoring should be conducted continuously while workers are in
the manhole. Workers should immediately exit the manhole if the ventilation or air monitoring
equipment becomes inoperative.
Under certain limited circumstances, respiratory protection in the form of an air-purifying
respirator (APR) may be used to permit safe entry if ventilation does not adequately reduce the
' concentration of organic vapors in the manhole. However, the criteria for all of the other air
quality parameters of concern listed above (e.g., oxygen, combustible gas, hydrogen sulfide, and
carbon monoxide) must be met before use of an APR can be considered. An APR equipped with
' an organic vapor cartridge will provide adequate protection against many organic compounds,
but is inadequate for oxygen deficient environments, explosive conditions, and for carbon
monoxide and hydrogen sulfide. It is recommended that workers wear an APR if the
concentration of organic vapor in the manhole after ventilation is greater than 1, but less than 5
ppm above background and all other air quality criteria are met. APRs are not recommended in
situations where the organic vapor concentration exceeds 5 ppm above background. Under these
' conditions, a supplied-air system such as a self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) would be
required to permit safe entry into the manhole.
WAC 296-62-071 requires that employers implement a respiratory protection program before
respirators are used to control worker exposure to air contaminants. Minimum requirements for
a respiratory protection program described in WAC 296-62-071 include preparation of written
' standard operating procedures, medical clearance documenting that workers are physically able
to perform the work and use the equipment, implementation of a training program with annual
updates, workers must be fit tested, respirators maintenance and inspection requirements,
implementation of a medical surveillance program, and annual program evaluation. Under
WAC 296-62-30, workers required to wear SCBA equipment on the job must have 80 hours of
training and a minimum of three days actual field experience under the direct supervision of a
trained, experienced supervisor.
Other safety equipment and clothing that should be used by workers when entering the manhole
' include:
' 289A\QAREPT 12 Herrera Environmental Consultants
■ Tripod and winch with approved safety harness
■ Chemical resistant boots, coveralls, and gloves
■ Hardhat
■ Safety goggles.
The city should also prepare a health and safety checklist prior to beginning work in the Garden
Avenue North/North Sixth Street drain. This checklist should describe emergency procedures,
communication protocols, and designate a site health and safety officer who will be responsible
for implementing the procedures described in the checklist. All workers should fully understand
and be prepared to implement the health and safety procedures.
REFERENCES
' Burke, S. August 24, 1993. Personal communication (telephone conversation with Beth
Schmoyer, Herrera Environmental Consultants). Seattle-King County Department of Public
' Health.
Ecology. 1991. Dangerous Waste Regulations. Chapter 173-303 WAC. Washington State
' Department Ecology, Olympia, WA.
Ecology. 1991. The Model Toxics Control Act Cleanup Regulation. Chapter 173-340 WAC.
Washington State Department of Ecology, Olympia, WA.
289A\QAREPT 13 Herrera Environmental Consultants
APPENDIX A
� Sampling/Quality Assurance
Project Plan
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SAMPLING/QUALITY ASSURANCE
PROJECT PLAN
1
Garden Avenue North/North Sixth Street
Storm Drain Sediment Sampling Project
Prepared for:
' City of Renton
Surface Water Utility
' Renton, Washington 98055
Prepared by:
Herrera Environmental Consultants, Inc.
' 1414 Dexter Avenue North, Suite 200
Seattle, Washington 98109
September 1993
' CONTENTS
' Introduction ..................................... 1
...............................................................................
Project Organization and Quality Assurance Responsibilities................................. 1
SamplingPlan. ............................................................................................................. 5
SamplingStations.................................................................................................. 5
SamplingProcedures .............................................................................................6
' Sediment Sample Collection.........................................................................6
AirMonitoring .............................................................................................6
FieldNotes...................................................................................................7
' Sample Containers, Preservation, and Holding Times...................................7
Sample Identification and Labeling .............................................................. 7
Sample Transport and Custody..................................................................... 9
Decontamination...........................................................................................9
Schedule................................................................................................................ 9
Data Quality Assurance Plan......................................................................................... 10
Quality Control Objectives................................................................................... 10
AnalyticalProcedures.......................................................................................... 12
CorrectiveActions............................................................................................... 12
Completeness.............................................................................................. 12
Methodology
HoldingTimes............................................................................................ 13
1 Blanks ........................................................................................................ 13
Detection Limits
Laboratory Duplicates
MatrixSpikes ............................................................................................. 14
ControlStandards....................................................................................... 14
Quality Assurance Report.................................................................................... 15
' Site Specific Health and Safety Plan ............................................................................. 16
Introduction......................................................................................................... 16
Delineation of Responsibilities............................................................................. 17
SamplingSite Control.......................................................................................... 17
HazardAssessment.............................................................................................. 18
PhysicalHazards ........................................................................................ 18
ContaminantHazard................................................................................... 18
Training Requirements..............
Personnel Protection and Decontamination.......................................................... 18
' Air Monitoring .......................................................................................... 19
ConfinedSpace Entry.................................................................................21
PersonnelRoles.................................................................................21
t Entry Procedures............................................................................... 22
Communications Protocol ................................................................. 23
Dangerous Conditions................................................................................. 24
EmergencyProcedures ............................................................................... 24
Rescue from Confined Spaces........................................................... 25
Emergency Contacts..........................................................................25
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Route to Valley Medical Center.........................................................25
Injury or Exposure Reporting ..................................................................... 25
' References .................................................................................................................... 27
Appendix A Chain-of-Custody Record
Appendix B Quality Assurance Checklist
' FIGURES
1 Site ma for the Garden Avenue North/North rth Sixth Street
p o S S et dram..............2
2 Project organization and quality assurance responsibilities.......................4
i3 Map to nearest hospital in Renton.......................................................... 26
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' TABLES
1 Preservation techniques, holding times, and containers for storm
drain sediment samples........................................................................ 8
2 Methods and detection limits for sediment analyses ............................... 11
3 Key personnel for Garden Avenue North/North Sixth Street storm
drain sediment sampling project........................................................ 17
4 Decision criteria for upgrading personal protective clothing................... 20
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INTRODUCTION
' The Garden Avenue North/North 6th Street storm drain was constructed in the early 1940s. It
originates on the Paccar property near the intersection of Garden Avenue North and North 4th
Street adjacent to Building 17 (Figure 1) and runs north along the east side of Garden Avenue
North to the intersection North 6th Street. At North 6th Street, the drain turns west and runs
down the centerline of North 6th Street to the Cedar River.
' The drain has served as both an industrial waste discharge and a storm drain. While in
operation, the Paccar plant discharged an estimated 0.08 MGD of contact cooling water from the
' foundry quench tanks, 0.06 MGD and 0.035 MGD of non-contact cooling water from two
foundry melt furnaces and machinery, respectively to the Garden Avenue North/North 6th Street
drain under its National Pollution Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit. The drain
' also collects runoff from approximately 5 acres at the Paccar site including the northern half of
the foundry building roof and from mostly paved surfaces east and north of the foundry
building. In addition, the drain receives runoff from numerous catch basins along Garden
' Avenue N. and N. 6th Street. Industrial waste discharges were discontinued in 1988 when the
plant shutdown. The drain currently continues to collect runoff from the Paccar site and
adjacent roadways.
Sediment deposits have accumulated in the manholes and drain lines. As part of routine
maintenance operations, the City of Renton plans to clean and repair any damaged sections of
the drainage system. Because many pollutants tend to sorb onto particulate material, storm drain
sediments can often contain elevated concentrations of some pollutants, including metals and
organic compounds. To characterize conditions in the storm drain, sediment samples will be
' collected from key locations in the drainage system prior to cleaning. The following goals have
been identified for the Garden Avenue North/North 6th Street storm system sediment sampling
project:
' ■ To characterize the chemical composition of sediment that has accumulated in
the storm drain system and evaluate appropriate disposal options
' ■ To determine whether sediments pose a potential health hazard to City crews
■ To aid in identifying possible sources if the sediments in the drain are found
to be contaminated.
' This report describes the sampling locations and sampling procedures, data quality assurance
procedures, and health and safety plan that will be implemented as part of the sediment sampling
program.
PROJECT ORGANIZATION AND QUALITY ASSURANCE RESPONSIBILITIES
' Herrera Environmental Consultants, Inc. is responsible for conducting all sediment sampling,
data quality review, and evaluation. Analytical Resources, Inc. is responsible for laboratory
1
289A\QAPLAN2 1 Herrera Environmental Consultants,Inc.
analyses of sediment samples collected. Responsibilities of key personnel are identified in
Figure 2.
289A\QAPLAN2 3 Herrera Environmental Consultants,Inc.
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CITY OF RENTON PROJECT MANAGER
City of Re ater Utility
y
i nton Surface W lit
Ron Straka
' CONSULTANT PROJECT MANAGER
AND SAMPLING/QA COORDINATOR
' Herrera Environmental Consultants,Inc.
;:. Beth Schmoyer
LABORATORY QA OFFICER FIELD SAMPLING
Analytical Resources Inc. Herrera Environmental y o ental Consultants,Inc.
Jeff Reitan Manuel Vieira
' Figure 2 - Project organization and quality assurance responsibilities.
' SAMPLING PLAN
SAMPLING STATIONS
The sampling program entails collecting sediment samples and performing air monitoring at
select manholes on the Garden Avenue North/North 6th Street storm drain. A brief field
reconnaissance of the system was conducted on August 25, 1993 to aid in the selection of
sampling stations. The field survey was used to verify manhole locations, address accessibility
issues, and to assess whether a sufficient amount of sediment was present at the preferred
' sampling locations.
Sediment samples will be collected from the following two stations to characterize sediment
' quality:
■ Station 1. Manhole located on the east side of Garden Avenue North near the
' north end of Paccar building 17 (Figure 1). This station coincides with
Paccar's former NPDES monitoring station and is the most upstream manhole
on the drain that is accessible for sampling. Contributions from the Paccar
industrial discharge, Paccar site runoff, and Garden Avenue North street
runoff would be represented in this sample.
' Sediment at this station appeared to consist of fairly coarse grained sands and
gravel with a considerable amount of rock and concrete debris present.
Orange staining indicative of iron bacteria was also observed in the sediment
' at this location.
■ Station 2. Manhole located on North 6th Street at the intersection with
' Burnett Avenue North approximately 3,500 feet downstream of Station 1.
Sediment at Station 2 is visibly different from the sediment at Station 1,
consisting primarily of a brown fine silty sand.
' Station 2 is located near the downstream end of the drainage system about
1,800 feet upstream of the outfall in the Cedar River. The drainage system
below Burnett Avenue is not well defined and based on recent dye tests, it is
unclear which of the remaining manholes on North 6th Street between Burnett
Avenue and the Cedar River are connected to the Garden Avenue North/North
' 6th Street drain.
Sediment samples will be analyzed for the following parameters:
■ Total solids
■ Grain size
■ Total petroleum hydrocarbons (HCID followed by WTPH-G, WTPH-D, and
Method 418.1 as necessary)
■ Priority pollutant metals (antimony, arsenic, beryllium, cadmium, chromium,
copper, mercury, lead, nickel, silver, selenium, thallium, and zinc).
' 289A\QAPLAN2 5 Herrera Environmental Consultants, Inc.
A single composite sample will also be collected to assess disposal options. This sample will be
composited from grab samples collected at the following three stations:
■ Station 1 (same as above)
' ■ Station 2 (same as above)
■ Station 3: Manhole at the intersection of Garden Avenue North and North
Wells Avenue. This station is located approximately midway between
' Stations 1 and 2.
The composite sample will be archived until the metals results from the individual grab samples
' collected at Stations 1 and 2 are completed. If the metals concentrations in sediment from
Stations 1 or 2 exceed the Model Toxics Control Act (MTCA) cleanup levels for soil, the
composite sample will be submitted for metals analysis by the toxicity characteristic leaching
' procedure to determine whether the sediments in the drain classify as dangerous waste under
WAC 173-303.
' SAMPLING PROCEDURES
' The field coordinator will review sampling procedures with the field technicians, prepare a list
of field equipment, and check and calibrate all necessary field meters. This section identifies
specific procedures for collecting sediment samples from the storm drain, monitoring air quality
' in the drainage system, decontaminating sampling equipment, and preparing field notes. It also
describes requirements for sample containers and preservation, sample identification, sample
transport, and sample custody.
Sediment Sample Collection
' Samples will be collected at manholes where the storm drain lines are accessible. If possible,
samples will be collected from street level using a stainless steel scoop attached to a telescoping
' pole to avoid having to enter the manhole. Sediment will be placed in a stainless steel mixing
bowl. Sediment characteristics (e.g., texture, color, debris, oily sheen, and odor) will be
recorded in the field notebook. After debris and gravel larger than 2 centimeters is discarded,
' the sample will be thoroughly mixed, and the homogenized sample will be transferred to
prelabeled sample containers. All samples will be immediately placed on ice in a cooler.
' If samples cannot be collected using the long-handled scoop, one crew member will enter the
manhole to collect the sample. If necessary, sediment can be scraped from the bottom and sides
of the manhole to obtain the necessary sample volume. Procedures for manhole entry are
' described in the Health and Safety Plan.
Air Monitoring
Prior to collecting the sediment samples, air quality in the manhole at each sampling station will
be monitored using field instruments to assess potential hazards to city personnel who may need
289A\QAPLAN2 6 Herrera Environmental Consultants,Inc.
' to enter the manholes to clean and repair the system. The following parameters will be
measured at each station:
■ Oxygen (percent)
■ Combustible gas (as percent of lower explosive limit)
t ■ Total organic vapors (using a photoionization detector)
■ Carbon monoxide (ppm)
■ Hydrogen sulfide (ppm).
' Air quality measurements will be collected near the bottom of the manhole to assess conditions
in the air space that will be occupied by city crews when working on the drainage system. Field
' instruments will be lowered in a bucket to the bottom of the manhole to take the readings. All
measurements will be recorded in the field notebook.
' Field Notes
' At each sampling station, the following information will be recorded in a waterproof field
notebook:
' ■ Sampling date
■ Time of sample collection
■ Station location
' ■ Name of sampler
■ Weather and flow conditions
■ Unusual conditions (e.g., oily sheen, color, turbidity, discharges)
' ■ Calibration results for field instruments
■ Field measurements
■ Number and type of samples collected
■ Unusual sampling procedures.
Upon return to the office, field notes will be copied and inspected by the QA officer.
Sample Containers, Preservation, and Holding Times
Precleaned sample containers will be obtained from the analytical laboratory for the required
analyses. Spare sample containers will be carried by the sampling team in case of breakage or
' possible contamination. Sample containers, preservation techniques, and holding times are
described in Table 1.
' Sample Identification and Labeling '
Each sample will be identified by a unique station number and the date of collection. Prior to
filling, sample containers will be labeled with the following information using indelible ink:
' ■ Station number
' 289A\QAPLAN2 7 Herrera Environmental Consultants,Inc.
Table 1. Preservation techniques, holding times, and containers for storm drain sediment samples.
Parameter Preservative Holding Time(a) Container(b)
Total solids Cool,4 degrees C 7 days G
Grain size Cool,4 degrees C 6 months P
' Total petroleum hydrocarbons Cool,4 degrees C 14 days for extraction, G,Teflon-lined lid
30 days for analysis
Metals Cool,4 degrees C 28 days G,P
' (a) Maximum holding time.
(b) G= glass;P = polyethylene,polypropylene,or fluoropolymer.
289A\prestech
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1 ■ Date of collection (day/month/year)
■ Time of collection (military format)
1 ■ Project name (Garden)
■ Company/sampler initials (HEC/MV)
■ Analytes.
1 Labels will be secured with clear adhesive tape if necessary.
1 Sample Transport and Custody
1 Samples will be transported on ice in a cooler to the laboratories within 6 hours of collection. A
chain-of-custody record will accompany the samples (Appendix A). Upon return to the office, a
signed copy of the chain-of-custody record will be inspected by the QA officer.
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Decontamination
1 All sampling equipment (e.g., spoons, mixing bowls, long-handled scoop) will be
decontaminated prior to use at each station according to the following procedures:
1 1) Scrub with soapy water (Alconox solution)
2) Rinse six times with tap water
1 3) Rinse with 6N nitric acid
4) Rinse with methanol
5) Rinse six times with deionized water.
1 All washwaters will be disposed of in a sanitary sewer.
1 Protective clothing (e.g., Tyvek suits, gloves) used on this project is not considered to be
contaminated and will be bagged and disposed of in standard solid waste collection containers
located offsite.
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SCHEDULE
1 Site reconnaissance and sampling of the selected manholes will be completed during August
1993. Samples will be delivered to the laboratory within 6 hours of collection. Data will be
1 reported by the laboratory within 30 days. Data will be quality assured by the QA officer within
14 days. The draft report is scheduled for completion in October.
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' DATA QUALITY ASSURANCE PLAN
QUALITY CONTROL OBJECTIVES
The overall quality assurance objective is to develop and implement procedures for field
sampling, laboratory analysis, and reporting that will provide sound scientific data. All
measurements will be performed to yield consistent results that are representative of the media
and conditions measured. Specific objectives and procedures for precision, accuracy,
representativeness, completeness, and comparability are identified below:
■ Detection limits for the analytical methods used in this study are summarized
in Table 2.
■ Precision will be assessed using laboratory duplicates. The relative percent
difference (RPD) of laboratory duplicates will + 25 percent for values that are
' greater than 5 times the detection limit, and + 2 times the detection limit for
values that are less than or equal to 5 times the detection limit. Laboratory
duplicates will be analyzed at a frequency of at least 5 percent of the total
' number of samples submitted.
■ Accuracy will be assessed with analyses of laboratory preparation blanks,
matrix spikes, and control standards. The values for blanks will not exceed 2
times the detection limit. The percent recovery of matrix spikes will be
between 75 and 125 percent. The percent recovery of control standards will
' be between 90 and 110 percent. The laboratories will analyze a preparation
blank with every sample batch. The laboratories will analyze matrix spikes
and standard solutions at a frequency of at least 5 percent of the total number
' of samples submitted.
■ Representativeness of the sediment samples collected from the Garden
Avenue North/North 6th Street storm drain will be ensured by employing
consistent and standard sampling procedures.
' ■ Completeness is expressed as the ratio of the number of valid sample results
to the total number of samples analyzed by the analytical laboratory. The
objective for this study is a minimum of 95 percent completeness. It is
anticipated that all samples will be collected because field reconnaissance will
eliminate locations having problems with access or sample collection. In
addition, an equipment checklist will prevent loss of data from missing
containers or inoperable meters.
■ Data comparability will be ensured through the application of standard
' sampling procedures, analytical methods, units of measurement, and detection
limits. The results will be tabulated in standard spreadsheets for comparison
with criteria and historical data.
' 289A\QAPLAN2 10 Herrera Environmental Consultants,Inc.
' Table 2. Methods and detection limits for sediment analyses.
Method Detection
Parameter Method Number(a) Limit
' Total solids Gravimetric PSEP 0.1%
' Grain size Sieve ASTM D-422 0.00001 g
ASTM D-1140
TPH GC/FID HCID,WTPH-G, 20-100 mg/kg
WTPH-D,418.1
' Priority pollutant-Metals AAS+ICP+CVAA EPA SW-846 10-100 ug/kg
TCLP-Metals ICP EPA 6010&7471 1-50 ug/kg
' Semivolatile organics GC/MS EPA 8270 1 mg/kg
(a) PSEP (EPA 1986a) SW-846(EPA 1986b)
AAS Atomic absorption spectrophotometric
ICP Inductively coupled plasma
CVAA Cold vapor atomic absorption
' GC Gas chromatographic
FID Falme ionization detection
MS Mass spectrophotometric
289A\methods
' ANALYTICAL PROCEDURES
' Laboratory analytical procedures will follow U.S. EPA approved methods (U.S. EPA 1983,
1984a, 1986; APHA et al. 1992). These methods will provide detection limits that are below the
state and federal regulatory criteria or guidelines, to enable direct comparison with these criteria.
' Analytical methods are presented in Table 2.
The laboratory identified for this project is certified by Ecology and participates in audits and
' interlaboratory studies by Ecology and U.S. EPA. These performance and system audits have
verified the adequacy of the laboratory standard operating procedures, which include preventive
maintenance and data reduction procedures.
The laboratory will report the analytical results within 30 days of receipt of the samples. Sample
and quality control data will be reported in a standard format. The reports will also include a
' case narrative summarizing any problems encountered in the analyses.
CORRECTIVE ACTIONS
Field and laboratory results will be assessed by the QA officer, who will take appropriate
' corrective actions. Quality control problems and corrective actions will be summarized in a QA
worksheet (Appendix B). Values associated with minor quality control problems will be
considered estimates and flagged with a "J". Values associated with major quality control
' problems will be rejected and flagged with an "R". Estimated values may be used for evaluation
purposes, while rejected values will not be used. This section describes the data assessment
procedures for the following quality control elements:
' ■ Completeness
■ Methodology
1 ■ Holding times
■ Detection limits
■ Blanks
' ■ Laboratory duplicates
■ Matrix spikes
■ Control standards.
Completeness
' Completeness will be assessed by comparing valid sample data with this QA project plan and the
chain-of-custody records. Completeness will be calculated by dividing the number of valid
values by the total number of values. Samples will be reanalyzed or re-collected if completeness
is less than 95 percent.
289A\QAPLAN2 12 Herrera Environmental Consultants, Inc.
Methodology
' Methodology will be assessed by examination of the field notebook and laboratory reports for
deviation from the QA project plan. Unacceptable deviations will result in rejected values and
will be corrected in future analyses.
Holding Times
' Analysis dates and times will be reported by the laboratory. Holdingtimes will be assessed b
Y
comparing analytical dates and times to sample collection dates and times. Values that exceed
the maximum holding time required by U.S. EPA (1992) (see Table 1) will be considered
estimates. In some cases, the magnitude of the holding time exceedance may warrant rejection
of the reported values. Sensitivity to holding time exceedances and impacts on analytical results
' are different for each pollutant compound. Therefore, holding time exceedances will be
evaluated separately for each pollutant analyzed.
Blanks
' Preparation blank values will be reported in each laboratory report. Sample values that are less
than 5 times a detected blank value will be considered estimates.
' Detection Limits
' Detection limits will be recorded in each laboratory report. If proposed detection limits are not
met by the laboratory, the laboratory will be requested to reanalyze the samples and/or revise the
method if time permits.
Laboratory Duplicates
Precision of laboratory duplicate results will be presented in each laboratory report and checked
by the QA officer. Data for batch samples (i.e., samples from other projects analyzed with
' samples from this project) will be acceptable as long as duplicates are analyzed at a frequency of
at least 5 percent. Precision of laboratory duplicate results will be calculated according to the
following equation:
RPD =
' (CI + C2) /2
where:
' RPD= relative percent difference
C 1 = larger of two values
C-� = smaller of two values.
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289A\QAPLAN2 13 Herrera Environmental Consultants, Inc.
Results exceeding the objectives will be noted in the QA worksheets, and associated values will
be flagged as estimates (J). If the objectives are severely exceeded (e.g., more than twice the
' objective), then associated values will be rejected (R).
Matrix Spikes
Accuracy of matrix spike results will be presented in each laboratory report and checked by the
' QA officer. Data for batch samples will be acceptable as long as spikes of project samples are
analyzed at a frequency of at least 5 percent. Accuracy of matrix spike results will be calculated
according to the following equation:
' (S-U) x 100%
%R =
' Csa
where:
' %R =percent recovery
S =measured concentration in spike sample
U =measured concentration in unspiked sample
' Csa =actual concentration of spike added.
If the analyte is not detected in the unspiked sample, then a value of zero will be used in the
' equation.
Results exceeding the objective will be noted in the QA worksheets, and associated values will
be flagged as estimates (J). However, if the percent recovery exceeds 125 and a value is less
than the detection limit, the result will not be flagged as an estimate. Nondetected values will be
rejected if percent recovery is less than 30 percent.
Control Standards
' Accuracy of control standards will be presented in the laboratory report and checked by the QA
officer. Accuracy for these elements will be calculated according to the following equation:
' (M-T) x 100%
%R =
' T
where:
' %R =percent recovery
M =measured value
T =true value.
Results exceeding the objective will be noted in the QA worksheets, and associated values will
be flagged as estimates (J). If the objectives are severely exceeded (e.g., more than twice the
' objective), then associated values will be rejected (R).
289A\QAPLAN2 14 Herrera Environmental Consultants,Inc.
' QUALITY ASSURANCE REPORT
Laboratory reports and QA worksheets will be included in the project report. Any problems and
' associated corrective actions taken will be reported. Specific QA information that may be noted
in the report includes the following:
' ■ Changes in the monitoring/QA project plan
■ Results of performance and/or systems audits
■ Significant QA problems and recommended solutions
' ■ Data quality assessment in terms of precision, accuracy, representativeness,
completeness, comparability, and detection limits
' ■ Discussion of whether the QA objectives were met, and the resulting impact
on decision-making
' ■ Limitations on use of the measurement data.
' 289A\QAPLAN2 15 Herrera Environmental Consultants, Inc.
' SITE SPECIFIC HEALTH AND SAFETY PLAN
INTRODUCTION
' This site-specific Health and Safety Plan is designed to advise and protect HEC employees from
potential hazards associated with monitoring and collection of sediment samples from the
' Garden Avenue North/North 6th Street drain. Physical hazards due to traffic-related problems
typically encountered when accessing manholes located along city streets and hazards associated
with confined space entry, as well as potential chemical hazards associated with contaminated
sediments are the primary concerns for the Garden Avenue North/North 6th Street drain.
As described in the sampling plan, wherever possible, samples will be collected from above with
' sampling equipment attached to a telescoping rod to avoid having to enter the manhole. This
eliminates potential hazards associated with confined space entry. However, it is possible that in
some cases confined space entry may be required to obtain the necessary samples. For example,
' use of a long-handled scoop is only feasible when sediment deposits in the drain are relatively
deep (greater than about 2 inches) and soft. When little sediment is available, or when sediments
are tightly packed to the bottom of the pipe, it may be necessary to enter the manhole and
' manually scrape the sample from the sides and bottom of the manhole. Therefore, safe practices
for confined space entry and emergency contingencies are documented in this plan.
' The following guidelines were used in developing this health and safety plan:
■ U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Standard Operating Safety
' Guide (U.S. EPA 1984b)
■ Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) requirements for
' medical surveillance, personal protection, respirator fit testing, and hazardous
waste operations training (29 CFR 1910)
■ General Occupational Health Standards for confined space entry (WAC 296-
62-145)
' ■ National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health standards (NIOSH
1979)
' ■ American National Safety Institute standard for confined space entry (ANSI
Z117.1).
All HEC employees participating in field activities will be required to follow the procedures set
out in this plan.
' Safety requirements must also be met by all observers present during sampling activities. To
help ensure safety compliance, all HEC field participants and observers must read this plan and
agree to comply with all plan conditions.
289A\QAPLAN2 16 Herrera Environmental Consultants,Inc.
tDELINEATION OF RESPONSIBILITIES
Herrera Environmental Consultants, Inc. (HEC) will be responsible for adhering to the Health
and Safety Plan and for'completing all tasks in the scope of work except for the following City
of Renton obligations:
■ Traffic control support as required
■ Tripod/winch and ventilator equipment necessary for manhole entry.
' Other field personnel are fully trained as per WAC 296-62-3040, Part P, and are responsible for
adherence to all aspects of this plan. Any modifications necessary to this plan must be approved
' by the site safety officer. The site safety officer will designate, in advance, the individual to act
as onsite safety officer. This individual will have the authority to immediately suspend site
operations if any potentially hazardous conditions exist. Under such circumstances, operations
will not resume until remedial actions are agreed to by the project manager and the corporate
health and safety officer.
Table 3. Key personnel for Garden Avenue North/North Sixth Street Storm Drain
Sediment Sampling project.
Individual Title Responsibility Telephone No.
' Beth Schmoyer Project Mgr. and All site activities 281-7604
Onsite Safety Officer including onsite safety 780-9010
' Walter T. Trial Corp. Health Establish site 281-7604
and Safety Mgr. health and safety 780-0307
procedures
Manuel W. Vieira Environ. Tech. Sampling 281-7604
' 633-1993
' SAMPLING SITE CONTROL
' All field activities will be coordinated between HEC and City of Renton personnel. An effort
will be made to ensure that there will be little or no interference with any vehicular traffic. The
City of Renton has absolute authority over manhole access, operations scheduling, and timing of
specific site controls. Site control will require exclusion of pedestrian traffic from close
' proximity to the manhole.
' 289A\QAPLAN2 17 Herrera Environmental Consultants, Inc.
HAZARD ASSESSMENT
' The most likely potential hazards in a storm drain environment are of a physical nature within a
confined space. However, it is also possible that the atmosphere within a confined space can
become oxygen deficient or filled with explosive gases. The following subsections discuss these
' possibilities and methods for site control.
' Physical Hazards
The most serious potential physical hazard will involve the possibility of falling inside
stormwater manholes. Safety procedures will be implemented to reduce potential hazards and
prevent injury. Entry procedures are described in a later section.
' Contaminant Hazard
' Within the selected storm drain/industrial waste line manholes, it is possible that contaminated
materials will be encountered. Air monitoring for organic vapors, oxygen deficiency, carbon
monoxide, hydrogen sulfide, and explosion potential will be conducted prior to entry and
' continuously while the manhole is occupied to evaluate atmospheric conditions and to determine
safety equipment requirements.
' TRAINING REQUIREMENTS
' HEC will only allow personnel who have successfully completed 40 hours of health and safety
training as required under 29 CFR Part 1910.120 to participate in the sampling of stormwater
drains/industrial wastelines. If any circumstances arise which would require supplied air to
' samplers (Level B) then, only personnel who have completed 80 hours of health and safety
training will be allowed to don Level B equipment and enter such an environment.
' The designated site safety officer will be trained and responsible for selecting the appropriate
level of protection, air monitoring instruments and techniques, confined space entry procedures
and all other field decisions required to safely complete the scope of work.
PERSONNEL PROTECTION AND DECONTAMINATION
' Protective clothing will be worn to prevent contact with potentially contaminated materials
within the Garden Avenue North/North 6th Street drain. There will be no entry if hazardous
conditions exist in the storm drain. Initial monitoring of organic vapors, oxygen, carbon
monoxide (CO), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), and explosive conditions will determine what level of
protection is required. Under current conditions relative to the health and safety and sampling
' plans, only Level D and Level C are authorized.
The following is a description of the authorized levels of protection:
289A\QAPLAN2 18 Herrera Environmental Consultants,Inc.
Level D:
Protective Clothing
■ Tyvek coveralls
' ■ Steel-toed, chemical-resistant boots
■ Hard hat (with head lamp in confined space)
■ Safety glasses/goggles, if necessary
' ■ Work gloves
■ Solvex gloves (when in contact with water or drain sediments).
' Safety Equipment
■ Air monitoring equipment (photoionization detector, combustible gas meter,
' 3-gas meter--02/CO/H2 S)
■ Eyewash
■ First aid kit
■ Waterproof flashlight.
Level C:
' Protective Clothing
■ Negative pressure, full-faced respirator
■ Organic vapor/acid gas/high efficiency filter (HEPA) cartridges.
Safety Equipment
■ Identical to Level D.
Air Monitoring
The following equipment will be used for air monitoring in confined spaces:
■ Three-gas meter (02/CO/H2S)
Measures concentrations of oxygen (percent), carbon monoxide (ppm),
and hydrogen sulfide (ppm) in the atmosphere
■ Combustible gas meter
- Measures percentage of lower explosive limit (LEL) of gases in
' atmosphere
■ Photoionization detector (PID)
- Measures concentration of organic vapors in parts per million (ppm)
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' 289A\QAPLAN2 19 Herrera Environmental Consultants,Inc.
These instruments will be calibrated daily before field application per the manufacturer's
specifications. The operating manuals for these instruments will be onsite at all times.
' Personnel entering the storm drains will, prior to entry, conduct air monitoring to accomplish the
following objectives:
t ■ Determine existing or potential hazards with immediate impact on site
personnel
■ Establish baseline information for determining the safety requirements for
entering storm drains.
' Background levels outside the manhole will be measured before determining levels within the
confined space using the 3-gas meter, PID, and combustible gas meter. Before entering the
manhole, conditions inside the manhole will be evaluated. If feasible, readings will then be
taken through the manhole cover before opening it and then incrementally down to the potential
working area. After the initial air quality readings are collected, the ventilation equipment will
' be inserted in the manhole and operated for a period of at least 5 minutes. A second set of
readings will then be collected to evaluate air quality in the worker air space within the manhole.
All readings will be entered into the field book.
Action level criteria for personal protection are described in Table 4.
' Table 4. Decision Criteria for Upgrading Personal Protective Clothing.
Monitoring Instrument Decision Level Protection Action
' PID 1 unit above U background grade to Level C
g P
' protection
PID 5 units above background Postpone work-Amend plan to
' include Level B protection
02 < 19.5% or> 23% Postpone work-Amend plan to
include Level B protection
CO 200 ppm Postpone work-Amend plan to
' include Level B protection
' H2S 10 ppm Postpone work-Amend plan to
include Level B protection
Combustible gas meter 20% LEL in atmosphere Postpone work-Reevaluate.
289A\QAPLAN2 20 Herrera Environmental Consultants,Inc.
The atmosphere inside all vertical levels of the manholes must be continually monitored while
workers are inside the space. If readings become elevated to Table 4 action levels, then
' personnel must exit the confined space. At such time, a decision will be made on how to
appropriately continue.
Confined Space Entry
1 This section discusses general requirements and detailed discussion of confined space entry. A
three-person field crew is required for entry and work in a confined space environment. One
person will be the worker inside the confined area. The second person will be a standby
' observer and the third person will be available in case of an emergency situation and for general
assistance.
Personnel Roles
' Sampler
The sampler will be the individual actually located and performing work in the confined space.
' Standby Observer
The standby observer will function as the key person during any confined space operations.
Their duties include but are not limited to:
■ To remain in constant contact with the confined space worker. This person is
' not to leave the observation point while the worker remains in the confined
space.
' ■ To remain outside the confined space under all circumstances. If the worker
becomes incapacitated in any way, emergency procedures are to commence
immediately.
' ■ To be familiar with proper usage of any/all safety equipment.
' ■ To act as the absolute authority over work activities. If any circumstances
occur which may be potentially harmful to the sampler, the observer will
instruct the sampler to vacate the confined space immediately until
' circumstances dictate safe re-entry. '
' Third Person
A third person will be present during confined space activities. Their role will be to:
' 289A\QAPLAN2 21 Herrera Environmental Consultants,Inc.
' ■ Operate air monitoring equipment
■ Be familiar with any and all safety equipment
' ■ Provide general assistance to other crew members
■ Contact emergency resources in case of emergency circumstances.
' The third person for this project may be a City of Renton employee or an HEC employee.
Staffing assignments for this project will be identified prior to any field sampling event. This
person will read and comply with all aspects of this plan.
Entry Procedures
The following equipment is required for confined space activities:
' ■ Manhole hook
■ Lighting equipment for the confined space worker (spotlights, headlamp, and
batteries, etc.)
■ Portable telephone for emergency situations
1 ■ Air quality monitoring equipment (e.g., PID, combustible gas meter,
02/CO/H2S meter). Equipment must be well maintained and calibrated.
' Document the type of equipment used in the field notebook including entries
from equipment calibration log.
' ■ Personal safety equipment (e.g., Tyvek suit, gloves, boots, hardhat, air-
purifying respirator)
' ■ Sampling equipment (bucket, rope, bottles, stainless steel spoons)
■ Tripod, winch, safety harness, and ventilation equipment (to be provided by
' the City of Renton).
After completing the initial air monitoring to assess ambient conditions in the manhole, the
' following procedures will be implemented to ensure safe entry:
■ Remove the manhole cover completely away from opening.
' ■ Install and operate ventilation equipment for at least 5 minutes before
rechecking air quality conditions in the manhole with the field meters.
' Consult the decision criteria described in Table 4 to determine whether the
manhole can be entered safely and to select appropriate protective equipment.
Under no circumstances should manhole entry proceed if action levels are
' exceeded.
289A\QAPLAN2 22 Herrera Environmental Consultants,Inc.
' ■ Have the sampler don necessary protective clothing and equipment. Third
person shall assist in outfitting procedures and check to ensure that all safety
equipment is operable.
■ Measure the water level inside the manhole (if any).
' ■ Install tripod and winch above the manhole opening.
' ■ Attach the entry worker's safety harness to the tripod/winch. For entry, the
worker should sit on the edge of the manhole facing the manhole rungs and
test the integrity of the rungs with his/her foot before proceeding. Do not
place both feet on the rungs at the same time until certain that the rungs are
secure (if rungs are damaged, use ladder or winch for entry).
■ Upon reaching the bottom of the manhole, check footing and establish
communications with standby observer before proceeding with sampling.
' ■ Have all tools and equipment lowered down via a rope and bucket.
Once inside the manhole, verbally communicate to the standby observer any field observations
' including odors, signs of corrosion, oil sheen in any standing water, etc. The fieldbook will not
be taken into the manhole.
' Communications Protocol
' Prior to beginning sampling activities in storm drains, personnel will be trained in the use of
simple communication signals. This section addresses signals to be used by workers in confined
spaces and by workers at field sampling locations. Most of the confined space sampling
' locations will not require the workers who enter the manhole to go beyond the point where
visual contact can be maintained. The following signals are to be used when visual contact is
maintained with workers inside confined spaces:
■ Hand clutching throat - out of air/can't breathe
■ Hands on top of head - needs assistance
' ■ Thumbs up - OK/I'm all right/I understand
■ Thumbs down - no/negative.
' Where visual contact cannot be maintained with the worker inside the confined space, the
following signals should be used:
' ■ One tug on line from person outside space and one from person inside - the
worker is ok
' ■ Three tugs on line from person inside space - worker needs to be removed
from the confined space.
289A\QAPLAN2 23 Herrera Environmental Consultants,Inc.
If at any time the observer does not receive a response from the worker inside the confined
space, the observer 'will assume that an emergency situation exists and will immediately
' implement emergency procedures.
Dangerous Conditions
Work inside a confined space will cease immediately when any of the following conditions
exist:
■ Illness or injury to the confined space worker
' ■ Failure of ventilation equipment, air monitoring equipment, or portable
telephone
■ Severe weather conditions occur or are imminent.
' The atmosphere within a confined space will always be treated as being dangerous.
' Emergency Procedures
' The following procedures will be implemented to assure expedient emergency response.
■ All onsite HEC personnel will have read and comply with this site safety plan
' ■ HEC personnel will have a complete understanding of all field procedures
before any field work occurs
' ■ The designated onsite safety officer will ensure that all necessary safety
equipment is onsite each working day, including but not limited to, a well
stocked first aid kit, a fire extinguisher, and the portable phone (telephone
number 940-4475)
' ■ HEC personnel will be cognizant of all emergency telephone numbers and the
location of the nearest available medical assistance.
In case of any emergency, the standby observer must immediately request emergency assistance.
The standby observer will instruct the third worker to contact rescue services. The standby
observer must not, however, enter a confined space to rescue another worker. This is to avert
' the possibility that the cause of the first worker's crisis might still be present and prove injurious,
or fatal, to the would-be rescuer. Additional rescue personnel must be brought to the scene.
' Due to the potential for complication of neck or back injuries, only trained emergency personnel '
should move an injured worker unless life-threatening conditions exist (e.g., fire, toxic gas,
explosion hazard). If such conditions exist, or if the possibility of neck or back injuries can be
' absolutely ruled out, standby workers may attempt to remove the injured person with the
personnel retrieval system and winch.
' Once rescue has been completed, first aid will be administered as required.
' 289A\QAPLAN2 24 Herrera Environmental Consultants,Inc.
' Rescue from Confined Spaces
If at any time the above-mentioned observers are unable to make verbal contact with the
' individual in the manhole, then an emergency situation is deemed to exist and emergency
assistance is to be sought immediately. No observer is to enter into a confined space for rescue
purposes. Emergency rescue personnel must immediately be brought to the scene.
Emergency Contacts
Emergency services (fire, police, rescue): 911
HEC Contacts:
' Beth Schmoyer, Project Manager
Work: (206) 281-7604
' Home: (206) 780-9010
Walter Trial, Ph.D., Corporate Health and Safety Officer
' Work: (206) 281-7604
Home: (206) 780-0307
' Route to Valley Medical Center
' Valley Medical Center is the nearest medical facility to Garden Avenue. The most direct
route(s) to this facility are shown on Figure 3.
' Injury or Exposure Reporting
' Personnel must notify the Onsite Safety Officer and Corporate Health and Safety Officer of any
suspected or known exposures or injury. The Onsite Safety Officer will determine the
appropriate response to the incident and, if necessary, contact the appropriate hospital and
' ambulance service through the 911 emergency number.
As soon as possible after an injury or suspected exposure, the Onsite Safety Officer must
' investigate the circumstances surrounding the injury and submit an Incident Report to the
Corporate Health and Safety Officer. This report will include recommendations on corrective
measures to be taken to prevent the recurrence of similar events.
' 289A\QAPLAN2 25 Herrera Environmental Consultants,Inc.
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•
Figure 3. Map to Nearest Hospital in Renton.
REFERENCES
APHA, AWWA, WEF. 1992. Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater.
18th edition. Edited by A.E. Greenberg, American Public Health Association; L.S. Clesceri,
Water Environment Federation; and A.D. Eaton, American Water Works Association.
Ecology. 1991. Guidelines and specifications for preparing quality assurance project plans.
' Report 91-16. Washington Department of Ecology, Environmental Investigations and
Laboratory Services Program, Quality Assurance Section, Manchester, WA.
' NIOSH. 1979. Criteria for a recommended standard. National Institute for Occupational Safety
and Health, Washington, D.C.
' U.S. EPA. 1983. Methods for chemical analysis of water and wastes. EPA-600/4-79-020. U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, Environmental Monitoring and Support Laboratory,
Cincinnati, OH.
' U.S. EPA. 1984a. Guidelines establishing test procedures for the analysis of pollutants under
the Clean Water Act; final rule and interim final rule. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.
' 40 CFR Part 136. Friday, October 26, 1984.
U.S. EPA. 1984b. Standard operating safety guides. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
' Office of Emergency and Remedial Response, Washington, D.C.
U.S. EPA. 1986. Test methods for evaluating solid waste. SW-846. U.S. Environmental
' Protection Agency, Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response, Washington, D.C.
U.S. EPA. 1992. NPDES stormwater sampling guidance document. EPA 833-13-92-001. U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water, Washington, D.C.
' 289A\QAPLAN2 27 Herrera Environmental Consultants, Inc.
APPENDIX A
� Chain-Of-Custody Record
Cmq1414 Dexter Avenue North,Suite 200
Seattle,Washington 98109
(206)281-7604
rAX 281-7651 CILUN Or, CUSTODY RECORD
HERRERA
ENVIRONMENTAL
CONSULTANTS Page oI
PROJECI'NAME PROJEC"I'NUMBS CL1ENL ANALYSES RI: UESTED
REPORT TO: COPY TO:
SANUILED BY: DELIVERY MEL I IOD:
LABORATORY: REQUESTED COMPLE'1TON DATE TOTAL q OF CONLAINERS
LAB USE: q OF
CON
TAIN
SAMPLE ID DAI*L TIME SAMPLE DESCRFI'l ION ERS
REI,IARKS:
REIINQUISIIED BY(SIGNATURE,NAME,COMPANY) DA'IE/LIME RECEIVED BY(SIGNATURE,NAME,COMPANY) DA1E/1-IME
RL•LINQUISIIED BY(SIGNATURE,NAME,COMPANY) DA"IE/LIME RECEIVED BY LAB(SIGNATURE,NAME) DATE/FTME
1
APPENDIX B
1
� Quality Assurance Checklist
i
1
1
1
1
1
1
DATA QUALITY ASSURANCE WORKSHEET
' Project/Client:
' Reviewer/Date:
Laboratory/Parameters:
Sample ID/Sample Date:
Completeness/Methodology:
Holding Times:
r
Blanks/Detection Limits:
Matrix Spikes/Surrogate Recoveries:
' Lab Duplicates:
' Field Duplicates:
' Lab Control Samples:
' Instrument Calibration/Performance:
ACTION:
1
' 009UP\QAWKSHT Herrera Environmental Consultants
APPENDIX B
� Seattle-King County
' Department of Public Health
Generator Waste Clearance
� Application Forms
KING COUNTY SOLID WASTE DIVISION/
SEATTLE-KING COUNTY DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC HEALTH
GENERATOR'S WASTE CLEARANCE APPLICATION FORM
Please print in ink or type
Waste Clearance No.
' (Agency Use)
Generator Name and Mailing Address:
' Contact:
Tel. No:
FAX No:
EPA/State Identification Number, if available:
' Hauler Name and Mailing Address:
Contact:
' Tel. No:
' FAX No:
If disposal fees will be paid by Solid Waste charge account, please give name of
' account holder and charge account number:
Name: Acct. No.
' (For information on establishing a Solid Waste charge account, call 296-4448. )
Description of material:
' Source of material (give address and location at address) :r s) .
o
Use of material prior to disposal:
Weight or volume of material to be disposed:
Frequency of disposal:
' Requested disposal schedule (give dates if applicable) :
TYPE OF MATERIAL: Please check category and provide requested information.
' Attach extra pages if necessary.
❑ Dead Animals.
' Describe:
❑ Asbestos-containing waste.
Describe method of containerization:
If a Notice of Intent to Remove or Encapsulate is required by the Puget -
Sound Air Pollution Control Agency, this Waste Clearance Application is
not necessary.
' ❑ Biomedical Waste as defined by PUT 7-1-2 (PR) .
Type Treatment Method
❑ Contaminated soil, or industrial waste (circle applicable category of
' waste) . Please complete and attach Generator' s Waste Profile Sheet and
Generator' s Certificate of Representative Sample.
1 Empty drums or other containers.
Number/size:
' Contents before emptying:
❑ Food products.
Describe:
❑ Containerized liquids.
List number and size of containers and contents:
' ❑ Fuel oil tanks (empty) . List size of tank and contents before emptying:
' ❑ Vactor waste. Describe waste type and composition:
❑ Other special waste.
' Describe:
' hereby certify under penalty of perjury
under the laws of the State of Washington, that to the best of my knowledge the
information contained above is true and correct and that this waste fully
' complies with the regulations of the Seattle-King County Department of Public
n ealth and the King Count; Solid Waste Division. Furthermore, I certify that,
to the best of my knowledge , this waste is not a "hazardous waste" as defined by
L'SEPA or the State of Washington, that this waste does not contain regulated
' quantities of PCBs (Polychlorinated Biphenyls) and that this waste does not
contain regulated quantities of radioactive materials.
Generator Signature Type or Print Name
' title
Date
' For contaminated soils or industrial waste, send completed form to:
Seattle-King County Health Dept.
' Waste Characterization Program Telephone: (206) 296-4633
110 Prefontaine Place South Ste##210 FAX : (206) 296 3997
Seattle, Washington 98104
For other wastes requiring clearance return completed form to:
' King County Solid waste Division,
tngineering Services , Waste Clearance Program
Yesler Building
400 Yesler Way, Room 600
' Seattle, WA 98104 — FAX*: (206) 296-8431
CLEARANCE FORMS TRANSMITTED BY FAX MUST BE FOLLOWED BY MAILED ORIGINAL
-CAPPLIC.FRM ^
1
SEATTLE-RING COUNTY DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC HEALTH
GENERATOR'S WASTE PROFILE SHEET
' (RING COUNTY SOLID WASTE DIVISION FACILITIES)
INSTRUCTIONS FOR FILLING OUT FORM
' Information on this form is used to determine if the waste may be disposed in legal; safe
and environmentally sound manner. Answers must be printed in ink or typed. A response of
"NONE" or "NA" can be made if appropriate.
' PART I. GENERATOR AND TRANSPORTER INFORMATION
1. Generator Name - Enter the name of the facility where the waste is generated.
2. Address of Waste Generation - Enter the street address not P.O. Box) of the facility
where the waste is generated. Include city, state, and zip code. Your mailing address
should already be entered on the Generator's Waste Clearance Application Form.
3. Technical Contact - Enter the name of a person who can answer technical questions about
the waste.
' 4. Phone - Enter technical contact's telephone number.
5. Transporter Name - If you have selected a hauler, please indicate which one. If you
have not selected a hauler enter "unknown". If you or your company will be hauling the
waste, enter "self haul". The haulers mailing address should already be entered on the
Generator's Waste Clearance Application Form.
' PART II. PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF WASTE
Name of waste - Enter a name generally descriptive of this waste (e.g. , paint sludge,
contaminated soil, incinerator ash) .
2. Use of material prior to disposal - List the specific process, operation or source that
generates the waste (e.g. , paint spray booth, spill clean up) .
' Special handling instructions - Describe any special handling requirements for proper
management of the waste.
Color - Describe the color of the waste (e.g. , (blue, transparent, varies) .
_ . Odor - If the waste has a strong incidental odor, then describe it (e.g. , acrid,
t pungent, solvent, sweet) .
5. Physical state - If the four boxes provided do not apply, a descriptive p=erase may be
entered after "Other" (e.g. , gas) .
-7. Specific gravity - Indicate the range. The specific gravity of water is 1.0. Most
organics are less than 1.0. Most inorganics and paint sludge are greater that 1.0.
o. Free liquids - Check "Yes" if liquid is usually present when packaging for shipment and
estimate the percent of liquid volume, _Check "No" if there are no frree liquids as
determined by the Paint Filter Test or direct observation.
9. pH - Indicate for liquid portions of the waste. Check the appropriate box(es) which
' cover the pH of the waste. Use the "Range" box if appropriate. For solid or organic
liquid wastes, indicate the pH of a 10$ aqueous solution of the Waste if zpplicable.
Check "NA" for non-water soluble materials (e.g. , foundry sands).
?. Flash point - indicate the flash point obtained using the appropriate tee . method.
' : :ART III. CHEMICAL COMPOSITION
1. List all organic and/or inorganic components of the waste using specific =hemical
names. If trade names are used, attach Material Safety Data Sheets or other documents
which adequately describe the composition of the waste. For each componeit, estimate
the range (in percents) in which the component is present. The total of he maximum
values of the components must be greater than or equal to 100% including ater, earth,
' etc.
2. If this waste contains PCBs, cyanides, phenolics or sulfides, indicate th
concentration(s) . If this waste does not contain these constituents, indicate by
checking the "NO" box(es) that apply. If the concentration of these constituents is
' unknown, indicate "UNK" under "ACTUAL".
PART IV. METALS
1. Indicate whether any of the heavy metal are present in the waste. For each metal, check
the box indicating that the metal content will not exceed the stated amount or enter '
the actual metal content, in parts per million, if available. If metrls concentrations
are unknown or not present, indicate by writing "UNR" or "NA" respec-_vely.
2. If actual concentrations are provided, indicate whether results were zetermined by the
TCLP (Toxicity Characteristics Leaching Procedure) method. or whether the value
represents the total metal concentrations. '
PART V. GENERATOR CERTIFICATION
9y signing this Waste Profile Sheet the generator certifies the statements in Parts I, II, '
III and IV are true and accurate with respect to the waste streams listed.
1. Signature - An authorized employee of the generator must sign this Generator's Waste
Profile Sheet. ,
2. Title - Enter employee's title.
_. Name - Print or type employee's name.
G. Date - Enter the date signed.
KEEP A COPY OF THIS GENERATOR'S WASTE PROFILE SHEET FOR YOUR RECORDS. SEND THE ORIGINAL AND '
ATTACHMENTS TO THE SEATTLE-RING COUNTY DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC HEALTH
V
' SEATTLE-KING COUNTY DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC HEALTH
GENERATOR'S WASTE PROFILE SHEET
(KING COUNTY SOLID WASTE DIVISION FACILITIES)
' PLEASE PRINT IN P.vK OR TYPE
' Waste Clearance No.
(Agency Use)
I. GENERATOR/TRANSPORTER INFORMATION:
' Generator Name:
Address of Waste Generation:
Technical Contact: Phone:
' Transporter Name:
'II. PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF WASTE:
Name of Waste:
Use of Material prior to Disposal:
' Special Handling Instructions:
Color: Does the waste Physical state at Specific Free Liquids:
have a strong 70'F/21°C: gravity: ❑ Yes ❑No
' incidental odor? ❑ solid Range: Volume:
❑ No ❑ semi-solid %
[] Yes, if so, ❑ liquid
' describe: ❑ powder
❑ other:
�H: ❑ <2 ❑ >2-4 ❑ 4-7 ❑ 7-10 ❑ 10-<12.5 ❑ >12.5 ❑Range ❑ NA
lash Pt: ❑None ❑<140°F/600C ❑ 1400-190°F/600-830C ❑ >200°F/930C
❑Closed Cup ❑Open Cup
1
2 _
III. CHEMICAL COMPOSITION '
Waste Components Range Does this waste contain any of
the following: (Provide ,
concentration, if known. )
% NO LESS THAN or ACTUAL
$ PCB's ❑ ❑<5 0 ppm ppm '
8 Cyanides ❑ ❑ <50 ppm ppm
- % Sulfides ❑ ❑ <50 ppm ppm '
% Phenolics ❑ ❑ <50 ppm ppm
% ,
8
TOTAL $ '
Please note: The chemical composition total in the maximum column must .be greater than or
equal to 100$.
I V. METALS ,
Does this waste contain any of the following metals (provide concentration, if known) : '
Arsenic ❑ <5 or ppm Mercury ❑<0.2 or ppm
Barium ❑ <100 or ppm Nickel ❑ ppm
Cadmium ❑ <1 or ppm Selenium ❑ <1 or ppm ,
Chromium ❑ <5 or ppm Silver ❑<5 or ppm
Copper ❑ ppm Zinc ❑ ppm
Lead ❑ <5 or ppm ppm
Indicate method used to determine concentration: ❑ TC P or ❑ Total ,
V. GENERATOR CERTIFICATION
By signing this profile sheet, the generator certifies that this sheec and its
c '
attachments contain true and accurate descriptions of the waste mater-,al. All relevant
information regarding known or suspected hazards in the possession of the generator has
been disclosed.
Signature Title
Name (Type or Print) Date t
profile.m2 '
' Our Waste Characterization Program serves waste generators in Seattle and
' King County. The goal of the program is to keep dangerous waste out of the solid
waste stream. Using information supplied to us by generators we issue permits to
them for disposal of industrial wastes, such as sludges, sandblast waste, treated
' wood, raw materials and contaminated soils into the garbage. Primarily we use the
dangerous wasta regulations for this decision. However, each of the facilities we
screen waste for has other criteria we must keep in mind.
We try and keep up with other options such as treatment or recycling and
regularly consult with the IMEX staff. If other uses for a material exist we usually try
to discuss those options with the generator.
Waste Characterization staff can be contacted at (206) 296-4633.
:dmm<Holly>waste
I A
TESTS REQUIRED ON CONTAMINATED SOILS* April 21 , 1993
'
CONTAMINANT: TEST NAME; EPA Method
' GASOLINE: TPH; 8015 modified or WTPH-G
BETX; 8020
' OPTIONAL: FLASH POINT, LEAD, EDB
Flash point required if WTPH-G is greater than 1 %
' DIESEL: TPH; WTPH-D or 8015 for diesel
WASTE OIL: TPH; WTPH-418.1 modified
TCLP plus Cu, Ni and Zn
Chlorinated solvents; 8010
' PCB'S; 8080
OTHER: Test requirements vary with
what you know/suspect about the waste-
site history
' was there a spill
odor? measurable with volatiles meter?
other descriptions of the waste.
' Note: Other test results may suffice or provide enough information to make a decision
with. If you have any questions call 296-4633 to speak with Waste Characterization
' Staff. (FAX 206-296-3997)
Seattle-King County Health Department
Waste Characterization Program
110 Prefontaine Place South, Ste. #210
' Seattle, WA 98104
CAUTION: Other tests may be required on other types of wastes. Please
contact us for confirmation on testing criteria for your specific
' waste and landfill requirements. .
1
' SJB:soiltest
Solis Disposal Criteria in Seattle and King County, Washington
Parameter Solid Waste '(d) Clean-up levels '(c)
Total Petroleum less than 3% Lt. 200 ppm diesel/oil '
Hydrocarbons Lt. 100 ppm gasoline
Benzene (b) TCLP 0.5 ppm total 0.5 mg/kg ,
Ethylbenzene (e) less than 1 % 20.0 mg/kg
Toluene (t) less than 1 % 40.0 mg/kg '
Xylenes-Toti I (x) Lt. 1 % 20.0 mg/kg
Total b,e,t,x *(a)
Flash Point greater than 140OF .t. 140OF '
9 9
Halogenated less than 100 ppm *(c): Varies with '
hydrocarbons compound
P.A.H.'s less than 1 % '(b) or (carcinogenic) 1 ppm
carcinogenic Lt. 100
ppm each '
Carcinogens less than 100 ppm *(c): Varies with
compound t
TCLP metals Total Metal Levels
Arsenic (As) Lt. 5 ppm 20.0 mg/kg
Barium (Ba) Lt. 100 ppm "(c)
Cadmium (Cd) Lt. 1 ppm 2.0 mg/kg
Chromium (Cr) Lt. 5 ppm 100.0 mg/kg '
Lead (Pb) Lt. 5 ppm 250.0 mg/kg
Mercury (Hg) Lt. 0.2 ppm (inorganic)1 .0 mg/kg
Selenium (Se) Lt. 1 ppm '(c) '
Silver (Ag) Lt. 5 ppm '(c)
Copper (Cu) '(c) ,
Nickel (Ni) sum Lt. 5 ppm '(c)
Zinc (Zn) "(c)
(a) When more than one compound is involved the equivalent concentration must be considered. ,
'(b) If > 0.1% further testing may be needed. Best methodology: begin with detection limit of
0.01% or use GCMS. ,
'(c) Levels are based on WAC 173-340.
'(d) Levels are based on WAC 173-303.
NOTE: The above criteria are the ones most often considered. There are other '
tests that may be required, depending on the specifics of each case.
For an approval for disposal or if you have questions, please call the Waste '
Characteriz tion Staff at (206) 296-4633, FAX (206) 296-3997.
Seat e-King County Health Dept. ,
Was- : Characterization Program
110 'refontaine Place South Ste #210
Seattle, WA 98104 '
' GENERATOR'S CERTIFICATION OF REPRESENTATIVE SAMPLE
Please Print in INK or TYPE
Waste ClearE.nce No.
(Agency use)
This completed form must be returned to:
' SEATTLE-KING COUNTY HEALTH DEPARTMENT Waste Characterization Program
110 Prefontaine Place South Ste#210
Seattle, Washington 98104
' INSTRUCTIONS FOR COLLETING THIS FORM ARE FOUND ON THE OPPOSITE SIDE. In order to
determine whether the Seattle-King County Health Department (SKCHD) can ap^rove the
waste described in the attached Generator's Waste Profile Sheet for disposa- at King
County Solid Waste Division facilities, you must sign Part E below certifying that
' analytical data presented were derived from testing of a representative sample. A
representative sample is defined as a sample obtained using any of tha applicable
sampling methods specified in Federal or State Regulations. If yc : collect a
representative sample of your waste, label the sample as described in cart C or its
equivalent. If you have any questions, please call the SKCHD at (206) 296-4633.
A. SAMPLING METHOD
1. ❑ I have obtained a representative sample of the waste material described in
' the attached Generator's Waste Profile Sheet according to the sampling
methods specified in 40 CFR 261-Appendix I.
2. ❑ I have obtained a representative sample of the waste material described in
' the attached Generator's Waste Profile Sheet by an equivalent method.
B. SAMPLING SOURCE (e.g. , drum, lagoon, pit, pond, tank, vat)
' C. REPRESENTATIVE SAMPLE CERTIFICATION
Generator's Name:
' Name of Waste:
Sample Hour/Date:
Sampler's Signature:
Print Sampler's Name:
Sampler's Title:
' Sampler's Employer (if other than generator, see D below) :
D. WITNESS VERIFICATION (if required) In most circumstances the generator will
obtain the sample. However, in those cases in which another contractor obtains
' the sample, one of the generator's employees must be present to direct the
particular source to be sampled, to witness the sampling, and to complete this
Part D.
' I was personally present during the sampling described. I directed the waste
source to be sampled, and I verify the information noted above.
1. Witness' Signature:
' 2. Witness' Name:
3. Witness' Title:
4. Witness' Employer:
5. Date:
E. REPRESENTATIVE DATE CERTIFICATION (Complete Parts A, B, and to the extent '
possible. )
By signing below the customer is certifying that the analytical data presented
to the SKCHD were derived from testing of a representative sample taken in
accordance with the methods listed in Part A of this form.
' Signature Title
' Name Date
SEATTLE-KING COUNTY HEALTH DEPARTMENT '
GENERATOR'S CERTIFICATION OF REPRESENTATIVE SAMPLE
INSTRUCTIONS
PART A. SAMPLING METHOD '
Check the sampling method employed and sign in the space provided in Section C. t
Some wastes require analytical data to determine their chemical composition,
regulatory status, and if they are acceptable for transportation, treatment or
disposal. This form is used to certify that analytical data being presented to SKCHD '
were derived from testing of a representative sample. The sample should be collected
in accordance with "Test Methods for the Evaluation of Solid Waste, Physical/Chemical
Methods, " SW 846, USEPA, and/or 40 CFR 261 - Appendix I. A suitable sample container
for most wastes is a wide mouth glass bottle with a plastic cap having a non-reactive ,
liner. Fill to approximately 90% of capacity to allow for expansion during
transportation. The sample must be packed and shipped in accordance with U.S. DOT
regulations and any specific requirements imposed by the carrier. Improperly
packaged samples may be disposed upon receipt. '
PART B. SAMPLE SOURCE
Describe exactly where the sample was taken (e.g. , conveyor, drum, lagoon, pipe, pit, '
pond, tank, vat) .
PART C. SAMPLE CERTIFICATION
1. GENERATOR'S NAME - Enter the name of the facility where the waste is generated. ,
2. NAME OF WASTE - Enter a name which is generally descriptive of this waste (e.g. ,
paint sludge, diesel oil contaminated dirt. This name should be the same as '
Section II on the Generator's Waste Profile Sheet.
3. SAMPLE HOUR/DATE - Enter the hour and date the sample was collected.
4. SAMPLER'S SIGNATURE - The sampler must sign in the space provided. '
5. PRINT SAMPLER'S NAME - Enter the sampler's name.
6. SAMPLER'S TITLE - Enter the sampler's title. '
7. SAMPLER'S EMPLOYER (if other than generator, see D. below) - Enter the sampler's
employer's name.
The sample should be labeled with equivalent information. '
PART D. WITNESS VERIFICATION (if required)
If a contractor obtains the sample on your site, then one of your employees must '
direct the contractor's employee to the sample source and witness the sampling. Your
employee must also provide the information requested in PART D.
1. WITNESS' SIGNATURE - Sign in the space provided.
2. WITNESS NAME - Print the name of the customer's employee who witnessed the
sampling.
3. WITNESS' TITLE - Enter the witness' title. ,
4. WITNESS' EMPLOYER - Enter the witness' employer's name.
5. DATE - Enter the date the sampling event was witnessed.
PART E. REPRESENTATIVE DATA CERTIFICATION
If the customer is presenting their own analytical data -,;o SKCHD they must sign this
section, certifying that the analytical data presented were derived from testing of
a representative sample taken in accordance with one of the methods listed in Part ,
A. Parts B & C should also be completed to the extent possible.
gencert.m2
APPENDIX C
� Data Quality Assurance Worksheets
DATA QUALITY ASSURANCE WORKSHEET
' Project/Client: GARDENSD (289) / City of Renton
' Reviewer/Date: John Osborne / 11-17-93
Laboratory/Parameters: Aquatic Research Inc. / TCLP metals
Sample Date/Sample ID:
' 9-14-93 / Composite Sediment/ Station 3
Completeness/Methodology:
' OK - Complete data set
' Holding Times:
OK - All analyses are within holding times
' Blanks/Detection Limits:
' OK - Barium detected, but sample value> 5x blank value
Matrix Spikes/Surrogate Recoveries:
' OK - All spike values are within 75% to 125% recovery
' Lab Duplicates:
OK - All lab duplicates are within 20% RPD
' Field Duplicates: NA
' Lab Control Samples: NA
Instrument Calibration/Performance: NA
ACTION:
' No values are estimates
289A\QAREPT C-1 Herrera Environmental Consultants
tDATA QUALITY ASSURANCE WORKSHEET
' Project/Client: GARDENSD (289) / City of Renton
Reviewer/Date: John Osborne / 10-19-93
' Laboratory/Parameters: Aquatic Research Inc. /Metals and TPH
' Sample Date/Sample ID:
9-14-93 / Sediments, Stations 1 and 2
' Completeness/Methodology:
' OK - Complete data set. (WTPH-G not analyzed for Station 2 because HCID results
were low, per chain of custody.)
' Holding Times:
OK - All analyses are within holding times.
' Blanks/Detection Limits:
' OK - All blanks are below detection limits.
Matrix Spikes/Surrogate Recoveries:
tAntimony: 12% recovery (<75% recovery) Lead: 142% recovery (>125% recovery)
HCID, diesel range: 146%, 164% recovery (>125% recovery)
' Lab Duplicates:
' OK - All lab duplicates are within 20% RPD.
Field Duplicates:
OK - All fields duplicates are within 50% RPD.
' Lab Control Samples: NA
Instrument Calibration/Performance: NA
' ACTION:
Followiniz are estimates (flagged with a J):
' Antimony (spike)
Lead (spike)
HCID, diesel range (spike)
289A\QAREPT C-2 Herrera Environmental Consultants
t