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HomeMy WebLinkAboutSWP272000(1) (2) "�R CITY OF RENTON Planning/Building/PublicWorks Department Kathy Keolker-Wheeler, Mayor Gregg Zimmerman P.E.,Administrator June 15,2005 SUBJECT: MOSQUITO CONTROL ON PRIVATE PROPERTY Dear Neighborhood Association President: Mosquito season is rapidly approaching here in the Pacific Northwest,which means the potential return of the West Nile virus. West Nile is a mosquito-borne virus that is spread to humans by the bite of an infected mosquito and not by person-to-person contact. Although the Seattle-King County Health Department is the lead agency for responding to the West Nile virus,the City of Renton has developed a response plan to augment the Department of Health program. The City's strategy emphasizes prevention as the best protection from West Nile virus. In an effort to reduce the risk of West Nile virus,the City is asking citizens to join the City in reducing mosquito habitat. The City will be minimizing mosquito-breeding habitat on City property by eliminating standing water. The City will also be applying larvicide to City-owned facilities with standing water, if mosquito larva are present, in accordance with the City's Aquatic Mosquito Control Permit or as directed by the Health Department. The City is asking all private property owners to eliminate standing water on their property. The enclosed information sheet from the Seattle-King County Public Health Department discusses some of the methods for controlling mosquitoes on private property. For additional information on the West Nile virus and how you can protect yourself from mosquito bites, visit the local Health Department website at www.metrokc.gov/health/westnile or call the Public Health Department's West Nile Virus Hotline at 206-205-3883. If you have any questions,please don't hesitate to call me at 425-430-7247. Sincerely, Allen Quynn, .E., oject Manager Surface Wat,r Uti Enclosures cc: Gregg Zimmerman,P.E.,PBPW Administrator Lys Hornsby,P.E.,Utility Systems Director Ron Straka,P.E.,Surface Water Utility Supervisor Norma McQuiller,EDNSP Neighborhood Coordinator H:\File Sys\SWP-Surface Water Projects\SWP-27-Surface Water Proiects(CIP)\27-2000 Mosquito Abatemen \ virns\2005 WNfOg� +)el'Raf&P,Washington 98055 � � � lr ®This paper contains 50%recycled material,30%post consumer AHEAD OF THE CURVE West Nile Virus Education and Outreach Dissemination List Media Outlet/Target Audience Provided Information —City Web Site/Citizens �L �� General WNV info(updated) and Site links to KCDOH/CDC Renton Reporter/Citizens (/ �� J WNV General information article Grapeyine/City Employees ( > General information emphasizing personal/9protection -1/0 Mailings/Home Owners Association Cover letter and KCDOH"Mosquito Control on \ Private Property" Sheet Mailings/Neighborhood Association j" Info on minimizing mosquito habitat f O On Site/Designated Dept.Response Staff KCDOH"WNV Common Questions and <ci pcc f u-.. pA r k., I F= r it h�, ,. ' ,,4, ,� Answers" Sheet,three brochures on personal protection and minimizing mosquito habitat OPublic Areas/Citizens,Particularly Seniors Three brochures on personal protection and minimizing mosquito habitat. Safety Committee Meeting/City employees Presentation and handouts H:\File Sys\SWP-Surface Water Projects\SWP-27-Surface Water Projects(CIP)\27-2000 Mosquito Abatement Program\West Nile Virus\2005 WNV\City Correspondence\West Nile Virus Education and Outreach Dissemination Chart.doc @SH R�CE I � DJUG9 _Z003 c/ sU�rK 'lFoMChristine O. Gregoire S ATTORNEY GENERAL OF WASHINGTON 2425 Bristol Ct SW • PO Box 40109 • Olympia WA 98504-0109 July 8, 2003 Mr. Allen Quynn City of Renton 1055 South Grady Way, 5th Floor Renton, Washington 98055 Dear Mr. Quynn: I am writing in follow-up to my letter of June 25, 2003 in which we informed you that a challenge regarding the issuance of the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System ("NPDES") permit for mosquito control issued by the Department of Ecology to the Department of Health had been filed with the Pollution Control Hearings Board. By Order dated July 3, 2003, the Board denied the appellant's motion to stay the permit. A copy of the decision is enclosed. In addition, the Board has issued a scheduling order for the rest of the case. A prehearing conference is scheduled for July 22,2003 and a hearing for October 22, 2003 (secondary setting) or March 10, 2004 (primary setting). A copy of the scheduling order is enclosed. Very Truly Yours, LILIA LOPEZ Assistant Attorney General (360) 586-6474 Enc. cc: Ben Hamilton(w/o enc.) Tom Young (w/o enc.) ® 18 i� ,r F_)Pution Control Hearing Board sTarg (360)459-6327 nore6oes Hearings Board o�y FAX(360)438-7699 =,rest Practices Appeals Board „ E-Mail:EHO@EHO.WA.GOV i-;yrau!is Appeals Board n x INTERNET:http://www.eho.wa.gov 1 IPft9 STATE OF WASHINGTON ENVIRONMENTAL HEARINGS OFFICE 4224 - 6th Avenue SE, Bldg. 2, Rowe Six P.O. Box 40903, Lacey, WA 98504-0903 D [E C ru: July 1,2003 JUL 0 2 2003 Jerry Lee Dierker,Jr. Thomas J.Young ,, 17 0 Bigelow St.NE Assistant Attorney General ATTORNEY GENERAi.:� OFFICE Olympia WA 98506 Department of Ecology AGRICULTURE & HEALTH DIVISION PO Box 40117 Lilia Lopez Olympia WA 98504-0117 Assistant Attorney General Department of Health PO Box 40100 Olympia WA 98504-0100 RE: PCHB NO. 03-057 JERRY LEE DIERKER v. ECOLOGY&DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH Dear Parties: I am sorry for the confusion regarding our first attempt to schedule a pre-hearing conference. The pre-hearing conference is now scheduled for July 22,2003, at 9:30 a.m.to be held by telephone conference call. The board will initiate the call using the Following numbers unless notified otherwise: Jerry Dierker 943-7470 Tom Young 586-4608 Lilia Lopez 586-6474 By July 21st, please file your proposed legal issues,witnesses,and exhibits lists. The issues should be short and concise, and should not exceed one double-spaced page in length. At the conference be prepared to discuss settlement and schedule pre-hearing events,such as motion/discovery deadlines,etc. (The Final list of witnesses and exhibits will be filed later at a date to be determined at the Pre-Hearing Conference.) Following the conference,a Pre-Hearing Order will issue which will govern subsequent proceedings. The formal hearing shall be set for a Primary date and an earlier Secondary date. Parties shall be prepared to go to hearing without further notice on the Secondary date. Availability of the Secondary date is dependent on another case settling or being continued prior to that date. The Board's hearing coordinator,Judy Greear,will attempt to call all parties,not later than the last business day prior, regarding the availability of the Secondary date. If you would like to know the parties' names for the other hearing scheduled at that time, please call Judy Greear(459-6328), and she will give you that information,so you can contact them regarding their status. Pursuant to Chapter 43.21B RCW and Chapter 371-08 WAC,the formal hearing is scheduled (Secondary setting) for October 22,2003, at 9:30 a.m. in the Board's office in Lacey, Washington. The Primary setting is March 10,2004. At the hearing, parties can present witnesses, introduce exhibits, and offer other relevant evidence when stating their case. If either party believes more time is needed, please submit your request in writing to this office. Please recognize that an extension may result in later date(s) than the above. Parties are encouraged to communicate with each other to discuss settlement. If a settlement can be reached by the parties without the hearing, it will be beneficial to all concerned to accomplish it as soon as possible. Respondent will inform the Board of the status of settlement possibilities by September 22,2003. The Board has mediators available to assist in negotiating a settlement of your case. Material describing Board sponsored mediation is enclosed for your review. If you are interested in pursuing mediation,please contact Judy Greear of our office for assignment of a mediator. The Board also provides procedural assistance to pro se parties, if requested. If you would like procedural assistance,please call 360/459-6327, and your request will be directed to the appropriate person. Enclosed is an informational brochure about the Pollution Control Hearings Board, and the procedural rules of the Board, 371-08 WAC. This information can also be found on our website found at http://www.eho.wa.gov/. Also, new on our website is The Environmental Hearings Office Handbook and The Environmental Hearings Office Sample Formbook. To access select either The EHO Handbook or Sample Formbook under Current News on our homepage. Lastly, if a party or a necessary witness requires an interpreter or qualifies for reasonable accommodations as an individual with disabilities,that person shall notify the presiding officer at least three weeks before the hearing or situation for which assistance is needed. If you have questions,please do not hesitate to call. Sincerely yours, Kay M. Brown Administrative Appeals Judge KB/jg/P 03-057 Itr Encs. Cc: Leann Ryser—Ecology CERTIFICATION On this day,I forwarded a true and accurate copy of the documents to which this certificate is affixed via United States Postal Service postage prepaid to the attorneys of record herein. I certify under penalty of perjury under he laws of the State of Washington that the foregoing is tine and correct. DATED q1 Qom,at Lacey,WA. posution Control Hearing Board t*�sTAT (360)459-6327 Srncrelines Hearings Board FAX(360)438-7699 =ores'practices Appeals Board ° ", E-Mail:EHO@EHO.WA.GOV draulics Appeals Board r �z INTERNET:http://www.eho.wa.gov s r'Z spy IBR9 ' STATE OF WASHINGTON ENVIRONMENTAL HEARINGS OFFICE JUL 0 7 2003 D 4224 - 6th Avenue SE, Bldg. 2, Rowe Six ATTORNEY GENERAL'S OFFICE P.O. Box 40903, Lacey, WA 98504-0903 AGRICULTURE & HEALTH DIVISION July 3,2003 Jerry Lee Dierker,Jr. Thomas J.Young 1720 Bigelow St.NE Assistant Attorney General Olympia WA 98506 Department of Ecology PO Box 40117 Lilia Lopez Olympia WA 98504-0117 Assistant Attorney General Department of Health PO Box 40100 Olympia WA 98504-0100 RE: PCHB NO. 03-057 JERRY LEE DIERKER v.ECOLOGY&DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH Dear Parties: Enclosed is an Order Denying Stay, and an Order Pertaining to Stay(Dissent) in this matter. If you have questions, please do not hesitate to contact this office. Sincerely yours, Kay M. Brown Administrative Appeals Judge KB/jg/P 03-057 ltr Enc. Cc: Leann Ryser-Ecology CERTIFICATION On this day,I forwarded a true and accurate copy of the documents to which this certificate is affixed via United States Postal Service postage prepaid to the attorneys of record herein. I certify under penalty of perjury under the laws of the State of Washingto th t the foregoing is true and corect. DATED C 3 t Lacey,WA) v 1 POLLUTION CONTROL HEARINGS BOARD STATE OF WASHINGTON 2 JERRY LEE DIERKER, 3 Appellant, PCHB 03-057 4 V. ORDER DENYING STAY 5 STATE OF WASHINGTON, 6 DEPARTMENT OF ECOLOGY and DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, 7 Respondents. 8 9 On April 10, 2003, Jerry Lee Dierker filed an appeal with the Pollution Control Hearings 10 Board("Board"), contesting the Department of Ecology's ("Ecology") issuance of coverage 11 under National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System("NPDES") Permit No. WAG992000 to 12 the Department of Health("Health") for mosquito control activities and requesting a stay of the 13 effectiveness of the coverage pending the ultimate hearing on the matter. He filed additional 14 documents supplementing his original filing on April 14, 2003 and May 1, 2003. On May 20, 15 2003, Health and Ecology both filed briefs and declarations in response to the request for stay. 16 On May 27, 2003, Mr. Dierker filed a reply to Health and Ecology's briefing. On June 12, 2003, 17 the Board sent out a letter requesting additional information from the agencies. A response was 18 filed by Mr. Dierker on June 16,2003, and by Health and Ecology on June 20, 2003. 19 Mr. Dierker represented himself as the appellant. Thomas J. Young, Assistant Attorney 20 General, represented Ecology. Lilia Lopez, Assistant Attorney General, represented Health. 21 ORDER DENYING STAY 1 PCHB 03-057 I Kay M. Brown, Administrative Appeals Judge, presided over the matter for the Board. The 2 Board, comprised of Robert V. Jensen, chair,Kaleen Cottingham and William H. Lynch, 3 considered the motion on the record and the pleadings submitted. The pleadings filed were: 4 1. Appeal filed by Mr. Dierker on April 10, 2003, with attached copy of legal publication, April 3, 2003 letter to Mr. Dierker from John Daly, Determination of 5 Nonsignificance and Adoption of Existing Environmental Document dated 3-18-03, and Application for Coverage (first page only); 6 2. Supplemental letter filed by Mr. Dierker on April 14, 2003; 7 3. Appellant's Addendum to Appellant's appeal pleadings and supporting documents filed by Mr. Dierker on May 1, 2003; 8 4. Appellant's Addendum to Notice of Appeal and Request for Stay filed May 1, 2003, 9 with attached Coverage Letter from Ecology to Health dated March 19, 2003, Aquatic Mosquito Control NPDES General Permit issued April 10, 2002, and Fact Sheet 10 dated April 17, 2002; 5. Ecology's Response to Motion for Stay filed on May 20, 2003, Declaration of 11 Kathleen Emmett and attached Exhibits Ithrough 11; 12 6. Health's Response to Motion for Stay filed on May 20, 2003, Declaration of John Daly, and Exhibits A through I; 7. Appellant's Reply to Appellees' Responses to Appellant's Request for Stay, 14 Appellant's Declaration in Support of Appellant's Reply, and Appellant's Clerical Correction to Appellant's original March 27, 2003,Notice of Appeal; 15 8. Letter from the Board dated June 12, 2003; 16 9. Mr. Dierker's Brief on SEPA Comment, et seq., filed June 16, 2003; 10. Health's Response to Board's Request for Information filed June 19, 2003, and 17 Second Declaration of John P. Daly with attachments J through N; 18 11. Letter from Thomas Young, AAG for Ecology, dated June 19, 2003; 19 12. Letter to Department of Health from Mr. Dierker, filed June 20, 2003; and 13. Appellant's Clerical Correction to Appellant's Original March 27, 2003,Notice of 20 Appeal, filed June 25, 2003. 21 ORDER DENYING STAY 2 PCHB 03-057 l BACKGROUND 2 Ecology developed a general permit for mosquito control which was issued, along with a 3 fact sheet, on April 10, 2002. Prior to the approval of the general permit, an environmental 4 checklist was prepared, and a determination of nonsignficance (DNS) was issued by Ecology 5 pursuant to the requirements of the State Environmental Policy Act(SEPA). The time period to 6 challenge the general permit and the underlying DNS ended on May 10, 2002. Therefore,the 7 validity of the general permit is not before the Board in this appeal. 8 The general permit authorizes the discharge of several compounds for mosquito control 9 purposes. The preferred pesticides are bacterial compounds that are effective against mosquito 10 larva. The pesticides are to be used pursuant to a set of best management practices (BMPs) 11 which were issued by Ecology in March of 2003. The preferred controls include a variety of 12 public education and prevention techniques as well as use of pesticides. An environmental 13 checklist was prepared, and a DNS issued by Ecology prior to the issuance of the BMPs. 14 On March 18, 2003, Health applied for coverage under the general permit for a program 15 it was initiating to control mosquito populations that may carry the West Nile Virus. On the 16 same day, Health adopted the DNS and environmental checklist prepared by Ecology on the 17 general permit. Its notice provided comments would be accepted on the DNS until April 2, 18 2003. On March 19, 2003, Ecology issued a coverage letter to Health stating coverage would be 19 granted commencing on April 25, 2003. Health published notice of its application in newspapers 20 around the state on March 21, 2003, and March 28, 2003. The notice indicated comments could 21 ORDER DENYING STAY 3 PCHB 03-057 I be submitted on Health's application, pursuant to WAC 173-226-130(5), until April 28, 2003. 2 The comment period ended three days after the effective date of the coverage letter. 3 Health itself is not controlling mosquitoes under the permit,but is transferring coverage 4 to local health jurisdictions and other entities to control mosquitoes. Health did not make any 5 transfers of coverage with an effective date prior to the effective date of the coverage letter,but it 6 made one transfer with an effective date prior to the end of the comment period on the 7 application. That transfer,to the Camano Island Mosquito District 1, was made effective on 8 April 26, 2003. Since April 28, 2003, Health has issued authorizations to 15 other entities to act 9 as Health's agents to carry out the program of mosquito control. Approximately eight more 10 requests for transfer of coverage were under review at the time of the briefing on this motion. 11 MOTION TO STRIKE ECOLOGY'S RESPONSE BRIEF 12 A briefing schedule was established by the Board on Mr. Dierker's Motion for a Stay. 13 Ecology's response brief was due on May 20, 2003. The brief was received by the Board, and 14 placed in the mail to Mr. Dierker on May 20, 2003. Under WAC 371-08-305(9), service 15 occurred when the brief was placed in the mail to Mr. Dierker. Mr. Dierker has not pointed to 16 any formal requirement that he receive the document on the day it is due to be filed and served. 17 Therefore, service by mail was timely and the motion to strike is denied.' 18 19 20 As a matter of courtesy,especially in situations where the turn around time is short,the Board believes the better 21 practice is to ensure that a document is actually received by the other side on the day it is filed. Although the Board encouraged this practice, it was not formally required. ORDER DENYING STAY 4 PCHB 03-057 I ANALYSIS 2 Mr. Dierker is seeking a stay of Ecology's issuance of coverage to Health for mosquito 3 control activities under the Aquatic Mosquito Control National Pollutant Discharge Elimination 4 System General Permit#WAG992000. In order to qualify for a stay pursuant to RCW 5 43.21B.320 and WAC 371-08-415(4), a party must make a prima facie demonstration of either a 6 likelihood of success on the merits, or irreparable harm. Upon such a showing, the board shall 7 grant the stay unless the respondent demonstrates either a substantial probability of success on 8 the merits, or a likelihood of success on the merits and an overriding public interest which 9 justifies denial of the stay. 10 The Board recently explained likelihood of success on the merits in Airport Communities 11 Coalition v. Ecology, PCHB No. 01-160, at p. 2 (Order Granting Motion to Stay Effectiveness of 12 Section 401 Certification)(December 17, 2001): 13 Likelihood of success on the merits means one or both sides have presented the Board with justiciable arguments for and against a particular proposition. Likelihood of 14 success on the merits is not a pure probability standard under RCW 43.21B.320 and WAC 371-08-415(4). This standard does not require the moving party to demonstrate it 15 will conclusively win on the merits, but only that there are questions "so serious as to make them fair ground for litigation and thus more deliberative investigation." The 16 evaluation of the likely outcome on the merits is based on a sliding scale that balances the comparative injuries that the parties and non-parties may suffer if a stay is granted or 17 denied. For example, where the non-moving party will incur little or no harm or injury if a stay is granted,then the moving party's demonstration of likelihood of success need not 18 be as strong as where the non-moving party would suffer great injury." (Citations omitted.) 19 In this situation, due to the strong public interest in moving forward quickly with 20 mosquito control measures to protect against West Nile Virus, and the serious potential for injury 21 ORDER DENYING STAY 5 PCHB 03-057 I to the public if a stay is granted, Mr. Dierker must make a strong showing to establish a prima 2 facie case for prevailing on the merits. The Board concludes Mr. Dierker has failed to make 3 such a showing of either a likelihood of success on the merits, or irreparable harm. Further, even 4 if such a showing was made, the agencies have demonstrated a likelihood of success on the 5 merits and an overriding public interest which justifies denial of the stay. 6 LIKELIHOOD OF SUCCESS 7 Timing 8 Mr. Dierker's primary argument for invalidity of the extension of coverage is based on 9 some apparent irregularities in the processing of Health's coverage application. First, he argues 10 because the coverage letter was issued to Health prior to the end of either the SEPA or NPDES 11 comment period, it is invalid. The Board does not find this argument persuasive. The date the 12 coverage letter was issued, March 19, 2003, is not significant since the letter itself stated 13 coverage was not effective until April 25, 2003.2 Further, Health did not take action pursuant to 14 the extension of coverage until April 26, 2003. Therefore, until at least April 26, 2003, either 15 16 17 'The dissent opines that Ecology's decision on the authorization,as reflected in the March 18 letter,was the agency 18 action under SEPA,and it was taken prior to the expiration of the 14 day comment period. Even if correct, Ecology's violation of the SEPA comment period was without legal consequence or prejudice because no actual 19 activities were conducted pursuant to the authorization until April 26,2003. Although there are no court decisions directly on point,Professor Richard Settle has written in Washington State Environmental Policy Act: A legal and 20 Policy Analysis,at pp.20-4 and 20-37(2002),that the Washington courts are reluctant to undo agency action for inconsequential procedural violations of SEPA and has cited several such cases in which SEPA violations were harmless error or not prejudicial. See Nisgually Delta Assn v. City of DuPont, 103 Wn.2d 720,696 P.2d 21 1222(1985);Moss v. City of Bellingham, 109 Wn. App.6(2001),31 P.3d 703,rev. denied, 146 Wash 2d 1017 (2002). ORDER DENYING STAY 6 PCHB 03-057 I Ecology or Health could have responded to comments by revoking Health's coverage or 2 deciding on restrictions on future authorizations by Health to local districts. In fact, Health did 3 receive a comment from Washington State Department of Fish and Wildlife on April 25, 2003. 4 Health responded by adding additional restrictions to the authorizations to protect state species of 5 concern. 6 Mr. Dierker also argues, and the agencies admit, action was taken by Health pursuant to 7 the authorization of coverage prior to the end of the NPDES comment period. The Board is 8 troubled by the agencies' disregard for the completion of the NPDES comment period. 9 However, it does not find Mr. Dierker has shown a likelihood of prevailing on the argument that 10 Health's issuance.of coverage to Camano Island Mosquito District No. 1,premature though it 11 was, resulted in the invalidity of either Health's coverage, or the coverage Health issued to 12 Camano Island. 13 Mr. Dierker's own comment was received by the agencies on or around April 10, 2003, 14 well before Health issued the authorization to Camano Island on April 26, 2003. Health, the 15 SEPA lead agency on its application for coverage, considered Mr. Dierker's comment carefully, 16 even though it was received after the stated end of the SEPA comment period. If either Health or 17 Ecology had found Mr. Dierker's comment persuasive,they would have had time to respond 18 before action was taken under the extension. Further, the Board, exercising its de novo review 19 authority pursuant to WAC 371-08-485(1), has read Mr. Dierker's comment and considered 20 whether the information contained in it constitutes a basis for invalidating Health's decision to 21 ORDER DENYING STAY 7 PCHB 03-057 I issue authorization to Camano Island to proceed with mosquito control activities. The Board 2 concludes the substantive information contained in Mr. Dierker's comment letter is aimed at 3 concerns with the underlying general permit, and not the extension of authorization to Health 4 under the coverage letter. Pursuant to WAC 173-226-190(2), Mr. Dierker cannot challenge the 5 general permit in this appeal. 6 SEPA 7 Mr. Dierker argues Health's SEPA determination of non-significance was substantively 8 invalid because the mosquito control procedures authorized in the general permit will have the 9 probability of significant impact to the environment. This argument, which is an attack on the 10 SEPA process underlying the general permit, and not on the extension of coverage to Health, 11 cannot be raised in this appeal. WAC 173-226-190(2) limits the scope of this appeal to the 12 general permit's applicability or non-applicability to the individual discharger. The Board has 13 interpreted this rule to allow consideration of whether pollution associated with activities 14 associated with the extension of coverage will be controlled by the requirements of the general 15 permit. See Cascade Conservation League v. Ecology and Boyden, Robinett&Associates, 16 PCHB 98-82, pp. 3, 4 (Dec. 31, 1998)(Order granting and denying summary judgment). Mr. 17 Dierker's substantive SEPA arguments are aimed at perceived impacts allowed by the general 18 permit, not the extension of coverage to Health,and therefore are not within the allowable scope 19 of this appeal. 20 21 ORDER DENYING STAY 8 PCHB 03-057 1 Mr. Dierker makes one additional procedural argument under SEPA. He argues adoption 2 of the environmental checklist and determination of non-significance,prepared for the general 3 permit SEPA process, was not proper because the action being proposed by Health was a project 4 action, not a non-project action. He argues the adopted documents,because they were prepared 5 for a non-project action, are not specific to Health's proposed activities under the coverage 6 extension. Mr. Dierker fails to make a case, however, for what specifics Health is proposing that 7 were not addressed in the SEPA process on the general permit. Instead,he merely points to the 8 fact the documents were prepared for a non-project action, and concludes they are not specific 9 enough. The Board is not persuaded, based on the pleadings filed by Mr. Dierker to date,that he 10 is likely to prevail on this issue at the hearing. 11 Non-compliance with federal statutes 12 Mr. Dierker contends the extension of coverage to Health is invalid because of failure to 13 comply with the National Environmental Policy Act(NEPA). He has failed to make an adequate 14 showing there is a federal action involved that would trigger the requirement to comply with 15 NEPA. Similarly, he has failed to make a showing that an action triggering the need for a 401 16 certification has occurred, such that the agencies failure to obtain a 401 certification would be a 17 basis for invalidity of the action. Finally, with regard to his argument that the extension of 18 coverage is deficient because of noncompliance with the Endangered Species Act, he has failed 19 to establish a basis for the applicability of the ESA provisions to the action at issue here or the 20 Board's jurisdiction over this issue. 21 ORDER DENYING STAY 9 PCHB 03-057 1 Constitutional issues 2 Mr. Dierker argues the extension of coverage violates the constitution. The Board does 3 not have jurisdiction over constitutional issues. Moore v. Ecology, PCHB 02-207 (April 14, 4 2003). 5 JARPA 6 7 Mr. Dierker argues the extension of coverage is invalid because Health failed to make its 8 application on the Joint Aquatic Resource Permit Application(JARPA) form. In his pleadings, 9 he fails to point to any law requiring Health to use a JARPA form in this situation, or that failure 10 to use a JARPA form makes an extension invalid. Therefore, he has failed to make a showing 11 that this omission would support a claim for relief. 12 CR 8 13 Mr. Dierker contends, based on CR 8(d), the Board must treat all of his factual and legal 14 claims not specifically responded to by the agencies as true and correct. CR 8(d) is a Superior 15 Court general pleading rule that provides where a responsive pleading is required to averments in 16 a pleading, the averments are admitted if not denied or avoided. This rule, which pertains to the 17 process for filing and responding to complaints in Superior Court, is not relevant to requirements 18 for responses to a stay motion filed before this Board. 19 IRREPARABLE HARM 20 Mr. Dierker claims the extension of coverage to Health and the resulting mosquito 21 control activities will cause irreparable harm because the natural environment will be destroyed ORDER DENYING STAY 10 PCHB 03-057 I by the chemicals which may be used. Mr. Dierker's claim,which is not supported by any expert 2 sworn testimony, does not establish a prima facie case for irreparable harm. We conclude Mr. 3 Dierker has failed to make a prima facie showing of irreparable harm. 4 Based on the above analysis,the Board concludes Mr. Dierker has failed to make a prima 5 facie case demonstrating he is likely to either prevail on the merits of this appeal or that there 6 will be irreparable harm if Health's coverage is allowed to continue pending a full hearing on the 7 merits. 8 OVERRIDING PUBLIC INTEREST 9 Even if Mr. Dierker has made a prima facie showing,the agencies have also made a 10 showing they are likely to prevail on the merits, based on the arguments available to refute Mr. 11 Dierker's claims. See Blohowiak v. Seattle-King County Department of Health, PCHB No. 99- 12 093(Sept. 28, 1999)(Order on Motions for Partial Summary Judgment and Stay)(concluding both 13 sides had reasonably shown a likelihood of prevailing on the merits). The Board then turns to 14 the question of public interest. 15 Here, the agencies have made a strong showing of the public interest in proceeding with 16 mosquito control activities due to the public health threat posed by the West Nile Virus. Further, 17 the safest and most effective way to control the mosquito population, after non-pesticide 18 measures have been taken, is through the control of mosquito larvae. "Larvaciding," as this 19 procedure is called, must be done during the mosquito-breeding season which runs from April 20 through August. Issuance of a stay of Health's authorization at this time would prevent Health 21 ORDER DENYING STAY 11 PCHB 03-057 I and cooperating entities and individuals across the state from using this effective procedure in its 2 battle to protect the public from West Nile Virus this summer. Based on the foregoing analysis, we issue the following: 4 ORDER 5 Mr. Dierker's motion for a stay of Ecology's extension of coverage to Health for 6 mosquito control activities pursuant to NPDES Permit No. WAG992000 is denied. 7 8 DONE this r`, day of July 2003. 9 10 POLLUTION CONTROL HEARINGS BOARD 11 see dissenting_opinion 12 ROB RT V. JE 7EN, Chair 13 14 KALEEN COTTINGH , Member 15 16 WILLIAM H. LYNCH, M ber 17 18 Kay M03rown Administrative Appeals Judge, Presiding 19 20 21 ORDER DENYING STAY 12 PCHB 03-057 1 POLLUTION CONTROL HEARINGS BOARD STATE OF WASHINGTON 2 JERRY LEE DIERKER, 3 Appellant, PCHB 03-057 4 V. ORDER PERTAINING TO STAY 5 STATE OF WASHINGTON, DISSENT 6 DEPARTMENT OF ECOLOGY and DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, 7 Respondents. 8 9 I disagree with my colleagues' decision to deny Mr. Dierker's Motion for a Stay. I 10 believe Mr. Dierker has made a showing he is likely to prevail on the merits of this appeal, 11 because the agencies acted before the end of the SEPA and NPDES comment period. Once the 12 moving party makes this showing, the burden shifts to the agencies to establish either a 13 substantial probability of success on the merits or a likelihood of success on the merits and an 14 overriding public interest, which justifies denial of the stay. I believe the agencies have failed to 15 show either a probability, or likelihood of success on the merits, in light of the procedural errors 16 in their conduct of both the SEPA and NPDES comment period. Therefore, I would grant the 17 stay. 18 19 20 21 ORDER PERTAINING TO STAY 1 (DISSENT) PCHB 03-057 I ANALYSIS 2 Mr. Dierker argues the approval of coverage for Health should be invalidated because the 3 decision to apply for and issue this coverage occurred before the expiration of either the SEPA or 4 NPEDES comment periods. The majority is not persuaded by this argument. I am. 5 Under SEPA, an agency takes action when it makes a decision to "license, fund or 6 undertake any activity that will directly modify the environment." WAC 197-11-704(2)(a). 7 SEPA review is to be undertaken prior to taking the action, when the agency has a proposal, not 8 after it has taken the action. As explained by Professor Settle in Washington State 9 Environmental Policy Act: A Legal and Policy Analysis, at p. 11-13(2002): 10 The essential purpose of the environmental analyses required by SEPA is not justification or record-keeping but enlightenment of decision-making officials and participating 11 citizens to foster public actions consistent with SEPA's substantive policies. So the event triggering the threshold determination, and, if positive,the EIS requirement, is not an 12 `action' but a `proposal' of`action.' (Citations deleted). 13 Here, Health took action when it applied for coverage under the general permit on March 14 18, and Ecology took action when it made a decision to approve the coverage on March 19. It is 15 the dates these decisions are made, not the date activities are conducted pursuant to the decisions, 16 which is crucial for SEPA purposes. Pursuant to WAC 197-11-340(2)(a)(i), agencies are 17 prohibited from taking action on proposals for fourteen days after issuance of a DNS for a 18 proposal, which involves another agency with jurisdiction. Here,both Health and Ecology had 19 jurisdiction, and therefore action within the 14-day comment period was prohibited. 20 Further, even if the agencies had not violated SEPA by applying for and issuing the 21 coverage decision before the end of the SEPA comment period, both Ecology and Health ORDER PERTAINING TO STAY 2 (DISSENT) PCHB 03-057. I violated the NPDES comment period. Ecology made its authorization to Health effective before 2 the end of the 30-day NPDES comment period. Health then issued authorization to Camano 3 Island Mosquito District No. I prior to the expiration of the NPDES comment period. These 4 actions violated the provisions of the general permit itself. The Aquatic Mosquito Control 5 NPDES Waste Discharge General Permit, p. 5, includes procedures for obtaining coverage. 6 These procedures provide"At the end of the 30 day comment period, the Department [of 7 Ecology] will accept the application and review all comments prior to making a determination on 8 whether to grant permit coverage." (Emphasis added). See also, WAC 173-226-130(5). Here, 9 not only did Ecology fail to allow the comment period to close prior to making its decision to 10 grant coverage, but it actually made the coverage effective and Health acted pursuant to it, all 11 before the end of the comment period. 12 Allowing such blatant disregard for both the SEPA and NPDES comment periods on the 13 rationale the procedural errors were harmless undermines the whole purpose of the notice 14 requirements in both processes. It is not enough to say, once having made their decisions, the 15 agencies can change those decisions in response to comments. The comments are meant to be 16 utilized by the agencies during the decision making process. 17 Clearly this is the mandate of SEPA. The Washington Court opined, in one of its early 18 SEPA cases, that SEPA requires agencies: 19 to consider the total environmental and ecological factors to the fullest in deciding major matters. The procedural duties imposed by SEPA--full consideration to environmental 0 protection--are to be exercised to the fullest extent possible to insure that the 'attempt by the people to shape their future environment by deliberation, not default' will be realized. 21 ORDER PERTAINING TO STAY 3 (DISSENT) PCHB 03-057 I Eastlake Community Council v. Roanoke Associates, Inc., 82 Wash.2d 475, 490, 513 P.2d 36 2 (1973)(Citations deleted.) In another case the same year,the Court stated: 3 The statutory scheme contemplates that the goals of SEPA are realized by requiring these agencies to assess environmental consequences in formulating policies, and by 4 compelling these agencies to follow SEPA procedures prior to initiating major activity. The court's function, minimally, is to insure that these procedures are followed. 5 Merkel v. Port of Brownsville, 8 Wash.App. 844, 848, 509 P.2d 390 (1973)(Citations deleted). 6 Based on the significant, albeit procedural, flaws committed by the agencies in the 7 conduct of both the SEPA and NPDES extension of coverage process, I believe Mr. Dierker has 8 established a likelihood of prevailing on the merits sufficient to support granting of the stay. 9 It is not logically possible for more than one side in a dispute to demonstrate likelihood of 10 success on the merits. Likely means more probable than not. If we determine one adversary is 11 more probably than not going to succeed on the merits, the other is more likely than not going to 12 fail on the merits. However, it is not necessary to engage in an abstract discussion whether it is 13 possible for both sides to demonstrate a likelihood of success on the merits,because neither 14 Ecology, nor Health has come close to proving it is likely to prevail on the merits of the issue of 15 compliance with the requisite comment periods for SEPA and NPDES coverage. The party 16 requesting a stay need only show a likelihood of success on the merits on one of the issues raised 17 in the appeal. Airport Communities Coalition v. Ecology, Order Granting Motion to Stay 18 Effectiveness of Section 401 Certification, at 2, PCHB 01-160 (Dec. 17, 2001). 19 20 21 ORDER PERTAINING TO STAY 4 (DISSENT) PCHB 03-057 I The majority quotes from our decision in PCHB 01-160, where we granted a stay to a 2 coalition of citizens opposed to the addition of a third runway at the SeaTac Airport. The 3 language quoted is: 4 The evaluation of the likely outcome on the merits is based on a sliding scale that balances the comparative injuries that the parties and non-parties may suffer if a stay is 5 granted or denied. For example, where the non-moving parry will incur little or no harm or injury if a stay is granted,then the moving parry's demonstration of likelihood of 6 success need not be as strong as where the non-moving party would suffer great injury. 7 Id. In that case we concluded a stay was consistent with"the public's interest in attaining and 8 maintaining an environment consistent with legislatively promulgated goals." I submit first, 9 because Mr. Dierker has clearly established Ecology and Health ignored their obligations under 10 SEPA and NEPA to provide full public comment before they committed to their actions, he has 11 established a substantial likelihood of success on the merits. Moreover, even though there are 12 strong public interests in protecting the public against the West Nile Virus,the record reflects the 13 fact"mosquito control efforts have no effect halting the continued spread of this virus." 14 Department of Ecology, Best Management Practices for Mosquito Control, at 1 (Mar. 2003). In 15 my opinion, the agencies did not need to violate here their own procedures and regulations, 16 which are designed to ensure full public participation as well as informed and dispassionate 17 decision-making. The fact they admit these violations is helpful. However, they as any other 18 party who comes before us who is found to violate the law, should suffer the legal consequences 19 of these violations. If we fail to make them heed these fundamental notice and opportunity to 20 comment provisions now, will they not be even more tempted to ignore them in the future? 21 ORDER PERTAINING TO STAY 5 (DISSENT) PCHB 03-057 1 I would grant his Motion for a Stay, and therefore respectfully DISSENT. 2 DATED this � day of July 2003. 3 4 POLLUTION CONTROL HEARINGS BOARD 5 fRB R4. J PN, Chair 7 P 03-057 O 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 ORDER PERTAINING TO STAY 6 (DISSENT) PCHB 03-057 STATE`on .] x d J, �z Y a�,�iaae ao STATE OF WASHINGTON DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH OFFICE OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH AND SAFETY 7171 Cleanwater Lane, Building 4 *P.O. Box 47825 Olympia, Washington 98504-7825 TDD Relay Service(800)833-6388 CERTIFIED MAIL June 5, 2003 Mr. Allen Quynn RECEIVED City of Renton J U N 9 - 2003 1055 South Grady Way, 5th Floor CITY OF RENTON Renton, Washington 98055 UTILITY SYSTEMS Dear Mr. Quynn: RE: Coverage Under the Department of Health's Aquatic Mosquito Control National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) General Permit No. WAG-992000 User Name: nwaquynn Password: mosquito The Washington Department of Health received your application for authorization to proceed under the Aquatic Mosquito Control General Permit NPDES on June 5, 2003. The Department of Ecology issued coverage to Health under this permit effective April 25, 2003. This letter constitutes Health's acceptance of your application and agreement for coverage to proceed under Health's General Permit coverage and authorizes you to proceed in carrying out the mosquito control activities specified in your application. This authorization is effective on June 5, 2003. In order for this authorization to be valid, you must comply with all terms and conditions of the NPDES permit, including the best management practices, permit modifications, and provisions of the application and agreement for coverage. Retain this letter with your permit. It is the official record of permit coverage for your operations. Use your individual user name and password, above, for updating your application information online at the end of the season or as actual larviciding records become available. You can go to www.doh.wa.gov/wnv and select the "Aquatic Mosquito Control" page to take you to the link for the application site. Use your entity and contact name for future correspondence or telephone messages when contacting the Department of Health. Some examples of the type of correspondence could be as follows. 1) Appointment of a new contact person and/or telephone number. 2) A change in your licensed Applicator. 3) Operational and management changes of aquatic larvicides. 4) Submittal of a Notice of Termination because the aquatic larvicide use has terminated or your activity no longer requires NPDES permit coverage. ,e Of Mr. Quynn June 5, 2003 Page 2 Best Management Practices Your application indicated you will be using the Department of Ecology's Best Management Practices for mosquito control. Your coverage is contingent upon your implementation of the best management practices you have selected to use. Special Conditions/Permit Modification The NPDES permit provides for modification of the permit when deemed necessary by the issuing agency. View the "Timing Windows for Fish" document under Section IV of your online permit application. Also, review Insert A and B enclosed in your permit. Insert A describes certain areas where the use of larvicides is restricted in an effort to protect sensitive, threatened or endangered species. Insert B states minor permit modifications regarding the conditions for monitoring and the use of larvicides. Permit Fees The Department of Health has paid for the general permit fee. There is no additional cost to your organization. Department of Health Assistance If you have questions after reviewing your permit coverage and have questions regarding the permit or this letter, please call (360) 2236-3364 or Ben_iamin.Hamilton@doh.wa.gov. Sincerely, Ben Hamilton NPDES Permit Coordinator Department of Health/Environmental Health & Safety Enclosures cc: Kathleen Emmett, Department`of Ecology CITY OF RENTON . 1� Planninouilding/PublicWorks Department Jesse Tanner,Mayor Gregg Zimmerman P.E.,Administrator June 4,2003 Ben Hamilton Washington State Department of Health P.O. Box 47825 Olympia, WA 98504-7825 SUBJECT: CITY OF RENTON AQUATIC MOSQUITO APPLICATION PERMIT Dear Mr. Hamilton: Enclosed please find the City of Renton's application for an Aquatic Mosquito Control Permit. If you have any questions or concerns please contact me at(425)430-7247. Sincerely, Allen QuynnVrojjityManager Surface Wat cc: File H:\File Sys\SWP-Surface Water Projects\SWP-27-Surface Water Projects(CIP)\27-2000 Mosquito Abatement P \West Nile 1055 South Grady Way-Renton,Washington 98055 E N T O N ®This paper contains 50%recycled material,30%post consumer AHEAD OF THE CURVE NOTICE OF INTENT Page 1 of 4 APPLICATION and AGREEMENT FOR COVERAGE FOR MOSQUITO CONTROL UNDER WSDOH'S NATIONAL POLLUTANT DISCHARGE ELIMINATION SYSTEM GENERAL PERMIT NOTICE OF INTENT TO COMPLY WITH THE TERMS OF THE STATEWIDE GENERAL NATIONAL POLLUTANT DISCHARGE ELIMINATION SYSTEM(NPDES)PERMIT FOR DISCHARGES OF MOSQUITO LARVICIDES TO CONTROL MOSQUITO INFESTATION ON SURFA CE WATERS OF THE UNITED STATES(GENERAL PERMIT) For follow-up and end-of-season reporting,please use the following username/password: USERNAME: NWaquynn PASSWORD : mosquito I. ENTITY& TYPE OF ENTITY Name : Entity Type City of Renton _Association _Corporation X Government Agency _Individual(sole prop.) _ Mosquito Control District Partnership Other(specify) II&III. MAILING AND CONTACT INFORMATION: Contact Name (if different from entity name) Pesticide Applicator Name Allen Quynn Whitworth Pest Solution, Inc. Mailing Address Mailing Address 1055 S. Grady Way 2533 Inter Ave. 5th Floor City Zip +4 City Zip + 4 Renton WA , 98055 - Puyallup WA , 98055 - E-Mail E-Mail aquynn@ci.renton.wa.us Daytime Phone No. Daytime Phone No. (253 ) 845 -1818 (425 ) 430 -7247 Cell Phone No. O- IV. WATERBODY,LOCATION AND CHEMICAL INFORMATION: Waterbody WRIA at/Lon Larvicide, Amount&Larvicde, Acres Applied Date Public owned CEDAR- Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis (Bti) , stormwater facilities SAMMAMISH / EPA#- , 640 per season Lbs., Est. Amt., 8 within Renton WRIA-08 Applied On:June 1, 2003 to May 10, 2007 corporate limits Public owned CEDAR- Bacillus sphaericus (H-5a5b) , EPA#- , 32 stormwater facilities SAMMAMISH / per season Lbs., Est. Amt., Applied 8 within Renton corporate limits WRIA-08 On:June 1, 2003 to May 10, 2007 Public owned CEDAR- / Methoprene - Granular , EPA#- , 13?00 8 stormwater facilities SAMMAMISH -briquet s per sea sonEst. Amt.,Applied On:June http://apps.ecy.wa.gov/AquaticPestApp/MOSQUITOFORM.ASP 6/4/2003 NOTICE OF INTENT Page 2 of 4 t within Renton WRIA-08 1, 2003 to May 10, 2007 corporate limits Public owned Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis (Bti) , stormwater facilities DUWAMISH- / EPA#- , 640 per season Lbs., Est. Amt., 8 within Renton GREEN WRIA-09 Applied On:June 1, 2003 to May 10, 2007 corporate limits Public owned Bacillus sphaericus(H-5a5b) , EPA#- , 32 stormwater facilities DUWAMISH- / per season Lbs., Est. Amt.,Applied 8 within Renton GREEN WRIA-09 On:June 1, 2003 to May 10,2007 corporate limits Public owned Methoprene - Granular, EPA#- , 13�900 stormwater facilities DUWAMISH- briquets per season Est. Amt.,Applied On:June 8 DUWAMISH- within Renton GREEN WRIA-09 1, 2003 to May 10, 2007 co orate limits V. REGULATORY STATUS: (Applicator Information Only) 1. (Dept. of Agriculture Pesticide Applicator License No. 374 RReofl ccencuytaFBl ' ators may be used from the attached list approved by the 2. YEAS X 1 (7_ I have a Statewide, Aquatic, or Public Health Endorsement. 3. Dept. of Agriculture Pesticide Applicator License Expiration Date 12/31/03 4. YES X NO My renewal has been satisfied and will remain current. VI. BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES EMPLOYED TO REDUCE POLLUTANTS: 1. Indicate the Best Management Practice (BMP)/Integrated Pest Management(IPM)Plan you will be complying with (check one) a. X Ecology's Best Management Practice Plan. b . _ Specific BMP/IPM plan : specify name and include the plan(s) with your signed application: VII. OBLIGATIONS OF ENTITY AND APPLICATOR IN CONSIDERATION OF COVERAGE UNDER HEALTH'S NPDES PERMIT On April 25, 2003,the Washington State Department of Ecology issued coverage to the Washington State Department of Health under a statewide General National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES)permit authorizing the discharge of aquatic pesticides in accordance with the permit to control mosquito larvae in surface waters of the United States. The Entity identified above has applied for coverage under Health's general permit as set forth above, for the Entity and the Entity's pesticide Applicator. In consideration of the coverage that may be extended by Department of Health to the Entity and Applicator under the NPDES permit,the Entity and Applicator jointly and severally agree as follows: A. MONITORING AND REPORTING REQUIREMENTS Entity and Applicator shall comply with the submission of pesticide spray records and discharge monitoring in accordance with the permit requirements. B. COMPLIANCE WITH REQUIREMENTS OF NPDES PERMIT http://apps.ecy.wa.gov/AquaticPestApp/MOSQUITOFORM.ASP 6/4/2003 r NOTICE OF INTENT Page 3 of 4 By applying for coverage for aquatic mosquito larvae control under DOH's National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) General Permit coverage,Entity and Applicator shall comply with the terms of the Statewide NPDES General Permit for discharges of aquatic pesticides to control mosquito larvae in surface waters of the United States, an electronic copy of which is attached hereto and incorporated herein as Exhibit "A". Furthermore, upon receipt of coverage, Entity and Applicator acknowledge and accept full and complete responsibility and liability for any violation of the Statewide NPDES General Permit for Aquatic Mosquito Control or a violation of the Clean Water Act which occurs as a result of Entity's and/or Applicator's actions or failure to act under the coverage provided by this permit. Entity and Applicator also accept any penalty imposed for a violation of same. Entity's responsibility and liability shall not be waived by any Interagency Agreement Entity may have with Department of Health for aquatic mosquito control. C. INDEMNIFICATION To the fullest extent permitted by law, the Entity and Applicator, Entity's and Applicator's agents, employees,principals, successors and assigns, shall indemnify, defend, and hold harmless the State of Washington, the Agency, and all officials, agents and employees of the State, from and against all liability, damages, claims, demands, actions, causes of action, attorney's fees (including on appeal), costs and expenses of whatever nature arising directly or indirectly from or relating to WDOH's extension of coverage to Entity and Applicator under the NPDES permit and Entity's and/or Applicator's activities there under. Entity's and Applicator's obligation to indemnify, defend and hold harmless includes any claim by Entity's and Applicator's agents, employees,representatives, or any subcontractor or its employees, and any liability, demand, claim, action, or cause of action, whether civil, criminal or administrative, threatened or commenced by any third party under the terms of the permit,the Clean Water Act, and the rules promulgated there under, Federal Insecticide, Fungicide and Rodenticide Act, the Endangered Species Act, Washington's Pesticide Application Act (RCW 17.21) and Pesticide Control Act(RCW 15.58), or other state or federal law. Entity and Applicator expressly agrees to indemnify, defend, and hold harmless the State for any claim arising out of or incident to Entity's and/or Applicator's or their respective agent's, employee's or subcontractor's performance or failure to perform or violation of the terms of the NPDES permit and state and federal law. Entity's and Applicator's obligation to indemnify, defend and hold harmless the State shall not be eliminated or reduced by any actual or alleged concurrent negligence of the State, or its agents, agencies, employees or officials. D. INDEPENDENT CAPACITY OF THE ENTITY AND APPLICATOR By extending coverage to Entity and Applicator under the NPDES permit, neither DOH nor the Entity or Applicator intend for the Entity or Applicator, and their respective employees or agents acting under the permit to, be employees or agents of the State. The Entity and Applicator will not hold itself out as or claim to be an officer or employee of the State of Washington by reason hereof,nor will the Entity and Applicator make any claim of right,privilege or benefit which would accrue to such employee under law. The conduct and control of the activities under the permit will be solely with the Entity and Applicator. E. SIGNATURE AUTHORITY This application, and all other reports or documentation required to be submitted under this application, shall be signed on behalf of Entity and Applicator by an individual with authority to bind http://apps.ecy.wa.gov/AquaticPestApp/MOSQUITOFORM.ASP 6/4/2003 NOTICE OF INTENT Page 4 of 4 the Entity and Applicator. By so signing, the signor represents and warrants that signor has such authority. If Entity or Applicator is an individual, sole proprietorship, or unincorporated association the signor therefore shall be personally liable for Entity's and Applicator's obligations hereunder and under the NPDES permit, state and federal law. F. AMENDMENT OF EXISTING CONTRACT WITH DOH FOR CONTROL OF MOSQUITO LARVAE In the event Applicant is a party to an existing contract with DOH for the control of mosquito larvae, said contract is hereby amended consistent with the terms of this application and the terms of the NPDES permit. In the event of any conflict between the terms of this application or the NPDES permit and the existing contract, the terms of this application and the NPDES permit shall control. VIII.CERTIFICATION "I certify under penalty of law that this document and all attachments were prepared under my direction and supervision in accordance with a system designed to assure that qualified personnel properly gather and evaluate the information submitted. Based on my inquiry of the person or persons who manage the system, or those persons directly responsible for gathering the information,the information submitted is,to the best of my knowledge and belief,true, accurate, and complete. I am aware that there are significant penalties for submitting false information, including the possibility of fine or imprisonment. Additionally, I certify that the provisions of the permit, including developing and implementing a monitoring program,will be complied with." Printed Name of Applicator : Whitworth Pest Solution, Inc. Signature : Date Title : Printed Name of Entity seeking c erage : City of Renton Signature : C� � ' ,Z Date : Title : U14 � Printed Name : Al Pvt A"4;;4 V, 6/4/2003 Send the completed and signed form along with any required attachments to: WASHINGTON STATE DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH PO BOX 47825 OLYMPIA WA 98504-7825 Attn : Ben Hamilton http://apps.ecy.wa.gov/AquaticPestApp/MOSQUITOFORM.ASP 6/4/2003 j F i'A"CE. p ie'1a �t �f��2889 NCy STATE OF WASHINGTON DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE P.O. Box 42560.Olympia,Washington 98504-2560•(360)902-1800 DATE: April 28, 2003 TO: Washington State Department of Health FROM: Margaret Tucker,Branch Manager Washington State Department of Agriculture (WSDA) Certification & Training REG: List of Commercial Applicators Licensed to Perform Larvicide Applications to Aquatic Sites The attached list includes companies licensed in one of the three categories necessary to perform pesticide applications to control mosquito larvae in aquatic situations. The three categories that permit these applications are Aquatic (Q), Public Health (H) and Statewide (A). Please note that listed companies may or may not perform these types of applications but simply hold a category that would allow them to do so. The list is divided into two sections. The first section,which comprises most of the licensees, includes Commercial Applicators with a license expiration date of 12-31-2003. The second list contains seven Commercial Applicators whose 2003 license is pending as WSDA awaits updated financial coverage information. These pending renewals may be updated at any time so please contact Pesticide Licensing toll-free at (877) 301-4555 to determine the current status of these licenses. Please note: The Aquatic category does not allow applications to terrestrial sites to control adult mosquitoes. A variety of license categories do allow terrestrial pesticide applications. For further information, go to the fact sheet,Pesticide Licensing for Professional Mosquito Control, at: http://www.wa. ov/agr/PestFert/docs/PesticideLicensingMosquitoControl pdf. This company Information current as of 4/25/03.Please note that additional companies may become eligible.Contact Pesticide Licensing at(877)301-4555 to confirm the status of companies not on this list. Commercial Applicator Company Name License# Company Telephone# Mailing Address City State Zip Code TERMINIX INTERNATIONAL CO LP STEVEN D THOMAS 5157 425-487-6643 11822 N CREEK PKWY N STE 103 BOTHELL WA 98011 ENUMCLAW LANDSCAPE MAINT INC W DAVID SCHODDE 238 360-825-1049 PO BOX 622 ENUMCLAW WA 98022-0622 PEST CONTROL NORTHWEST RALPH R SHELTON III 40427 425-823-2676 13839 119TH AVE NE KIRKLAND WA 98034-2156 EARTHGUARD INC SAMUEL A MACRI 225 425-831-4984 PO BOX 559 NORTH BEND WA 98045-0559 CANBER CORPORATION JEFF D CANDLER 48695 425-271-8272 PO BOX 2668 RENTON WA 98056-2668 JB LANDSCAPES JON V BOLTE 42856 206-819-5717 14241 NE WDNVL DUVALL RD#234 WOODINVILLE WA 98072 EASTSIDE SPRAYING SERVICE INC DANIEL J BEHEYT 200 425-823-2600 PO BOX 681 KIRKLAND WA 98083-0681 THE NATURE CONSERVANCY PATRICK V DUNN 58586 206-343-4344 217 PINE ST#1100 SEATTLE WA 98101-1582 OHNO CONSTRUCTION COMPANY PHILIP D GOODWIN 11053 206-325-1529 9416 MARTIN LUTHER KING WAY S SEATTLE WA 98118 RESTORATION LOGISTICS LLC STEVEN R HUMPHREYS 60322 206-861-8398 918 E DENNY WY SEATTLE WA 98122-2458 WASHINGTON TREE SERVICE INC EDWARD L WALTER 494 206-362-9100 20057 BALLINGER WAY NE SEATTLE WA 98155-1224 TERRA DYNAMICS INC TINA M SCOCCOLO 12801 206-575-1303 PO BOX 69667 SEATTLE WA 98168-9667 ORKIN PEST CONTROL STEPHEN J WARNEKE 59999 206-574-0108 903 INDUSTRY DR#27 TUKWILA WA 98188-3413 MOORE FISH COMPANY SHANNON MOORE 57940 360-671-0077 719 W NORTH STREET BELLINGHAM WA 98225 SQUALICUM MOUNTAIN ENTERPRISES INC BRAD G NEWELL 61034 360-961-2512 1808 ACADEMY RD BELLINGHAM WA 98226 NOOKSACK SALMON ENHANCEMENT LEIF E SWANSON 61087 360-715-0283 2445 E BAKERVIEW RD BELLINGHAM WA 98226-7694 HAINES TREE&SPRAY SERVICE INC WALDEN R HAINES 63 360-733-6680 4120 IRONGATE RD BELLINGHAM WA 98226-8064 PLANTAS NATIVA LLC CAMDEN LARRY SHAW 62785 360-715-9655 PO BOX 5271 BELLINGHAM WA 98227-5271 STEVEN C.WIRTH STEVEN C WIRTH 37840 360-757-1058 1034 S ANACORTES ST BURLINGTON WA 98233-3012 EAGLE ENTERPRISE RONNIE J CALDWELL 15054 360-966-7414 3560 BRECKENRIDGE RD EVERSON WA 98247-9266 MATIA CONTRACTORS INC SHANE E KELLING 58509 360-366-7300 6910 SALASHAN PKWY STE 101 FERNDALE WA 98248-8314 JW CORY CONSTRUCTION JACK W CORY 42806 360-378-4900 PO BOX 1174 FRIDAY HARBOR WA 98250-1174 SAN JUAN PEST CONTROL STEVEN J BILLMYER 37857 360-378-2941 PO BOX 2959 FRIDAY HARBOR WA 98250-2959 ALL SEASON SPRAYING GORDON VLAS 41971 360-354-3335 PO BOX 924 LYNDEN WA 98264 WHATCOM FARMERS CO-OP J RICHARD STIPE 5093 360-354-2108 PO BOX 611 LYNDEN WA 98264-0611 NORTH FORK NURSERY JUSTIN B HAYTON 58002 360-445-4741 15751 POLSON RD MT VERNON WA 98273 SKAGIT FISHERIES ENHANCEMENT KEVIK S RENSINK 61162 360-336-0172 PO BOX 2497 MOUNT VERNON WA 98273 FIRCREST PEST CONTROL ROGER A JOHANNSEN 8889 360-675-4610 PO BOX 2247 OAK HARBOR WA 98277-6247 PRATT PEST MANAGEMENT NW DANA C PRATT 8456 360-387-7378 PO BOX 2656 STANWOOD WA 98292-2656 P&G LANDSCAPING INC JOHN W HILTS 53624 425-485-6091 15912 73RD AVE SE SNOHOMISH WA 98296-8779 JOHNSON CONTROLS WORLD SERV INC JOHN B LONG 10603 360-396-6692 BLDG 1038 SUBASE BANG SILVERDALE WA 98315 FARRINGTON PEST CNTRL SPECIALISTS THOMAS J FARRINGTON 6101 253-847-7752 20522 91STAVE E GRAHAM WA 98338-8092 HIGH CLASS LLC LYNN L SORENSON 59174 360-598-4137 7136 WILLIAM ROGERS RD INDIANOLA WA 98342 OLYMPIC SPRAY SERVICE JOHN E KUMPULA 384 360-457-4341 PO BOX 700 PORT ANGELES WA 98362-0123 NORTHWESTERN LANDSCAPE COMPANY FRANK H MIESNER 37999 253-848-8100 PO BOX 1118 PUYALLUP WA 98371-0224 WHITWORTH PEST CONTROL INC TERRY L WHITWORTH 374 253-845-1818 2533 INTER AVE PUYALLUP WA 98372 RESOURCE RENEWAL INC JOHN B HAAS 43580 360-765-3149 PO BOX 339 QUILCENE WA 98376-0339 ALL SEASONS PEST CONTROL COREY J L CHANTRY 371 253-535-5600 PO BOX 1210 SPANAWAY WA 98387-1210 BUCKLEY NURSERY COMPANY INC ANTHONY D DICKINS 51495 253-863-9563 16819 92ND ST E SUMNER WA 98390-8154 W.B.SPRAGUE COMPANY INC LAWRENCE R TRELEVEN 6600 253-272-4400 PO BOX 2222 TACOMA WA 98401-2222 ORKIN EXTERMINATING COMPANY MARTIN G REWA 10549 253-572-6358 5113 PACIFIC HWY E STE 1-W FIFE WA 98424 EDEN ADVANCED PEST TECHNOLOGIES LYNN J MARLOWE 9208 360-456-0287 3425 STOLL RD OLYMPIA WA 98501 NORTHWEST HELICOPTERS INC DANIEL CLARK 46242 360-754-7200 7822 OLD HIGHWAY 99 SE OLYMPIA WA 98501-5733 BOTZO COMPANY INC DENNIS FREHARD JOHNSON 563 360-943-4260 931 85TH AVE SE OLYMPIA WA 98501-5762 BEE MAN EXTERMINATORS MICHAEL N JUHL 11816 360-866-1834 1420 MADRONA BEACH RD OLYMPIA WA 98502-9540 LANDSCAPE SOLUTIONS DONALD H WILCOX 7049 360-481-3633 PO BOX 5078 LACEY WA 98503 SPRING-GREEN LAWN CARE RODNEY J REINING 13056 360-438-2885 PO BOX 5618 LACEY WA 98509 NORTHWEST AQUATIC ECO-SYSTEMS DOUGLAS DORLING 375 360-357-3285 4426 BUSH MTN DR SW OLYMPIA WA 98512-6790 AQUATECHNEX,LLC TERENCE M MCNABB 7973 360-330-0152 PO BOX 118 CENTRALIA WA 98531 RITTER VEGETATION SERVICE RONALD E RITTER 1196 360-748-3150 PO BOX 1403 CHEHALIS WA 98532-0350 FARM&FOREST HELICOPTER SERV INC DANIEL L FOSTER 7673 360-262-3197 PO BOX 404 NAPAVINE WA 98565-0404 INTERSTATE PEST CONTROL INC DWAYNE A CLEMENT 230 360-636-0560 PO BOX 248 KELSO WA 98626-0022 LAWN-PRO COMPANY DANIEL C FLEGEL 38128 360-423-3647 PO BOX 999 KELSO WA 98626-0092 TAYLOR/EAST POINT EDWARD LEE HILL 48167 360-665-5625 PO BOX 76 NAHCOTTA WA 98637 RIVERSIDE LAWN SERVICE THOMAS TROY HENDERSON 65610 509-427-4348 PO BOX 223 NORTH BONNEVILLE WA 98639 ALL TRADE CONSTRUCTION BILL WILLIAMS 64914 509-427-7501 52 FARNSWORTH RD SKAMANIA WA 98648 B&K PEST CONTROL ROBERT W LARSON 55451 360-574-3711 13215 SE MILL PLAIN#118 VANCOUVER WA 98684-6991 WRIGHTS SPRAY SERVICE LYNN D WRIGHT 23 509-884-0227 3720 8TH ST SE EAST WENATCHEE WA 98802-9134 WINDWOOD LEE LLC FRANK G TUKEY 45002 509-663-0495 PO BOX 5590 WENATCHEE WA 98807 PESTS-OR-US INC DAVID E TWITCHELL 8423 509-662-2847 PO BOX 3689 WENATCHEE WA 98807-3689 CENTRAL WASHINGTON HELICOPTERS LLC BRUCE G VALENTINE 107 509-663-7116 PO BOX 745 CASHMERE WA 98815 GREEN THUMB SPRAY SERVICE INC BRIAN D HENDRICKS 11791 509-682-1370 PO BOX 86 CHELAN WA 98816 CASCADE WEED&PEST MANAGEMENT MICHAEL D VELEKE 38756 509-682-1249 PO BOX 1166 CHELAN WA 98816-1166 OUTBACK SPRAYING TODD R BARTH 52323 509-764-9609 1974 RD 8 NW EPHRATA WA 98823 DARRY-AIR INC DARRELL B BOLYARD 10954 509-754-5800 PO BOX 733 EPHRATA WA 98823-0733 BASIN TREE SERVICE&PEST CONTR STEVEN L ADAMS 6117 509-754-4176 1302 HIGHWAY 28 W EPHRATA WA 98823-9420 BISHOP SPRAY SERVICE DANIEL L BISHOP 5998 509-766-2847 PO BOX 1366 MOSES LAKE WA 98837 CENEX HARVEST STATES COOPERATIVES MARION J RICE JR 6336 509-765-5617 3132 RD 0 NE MOSES LAKE WA 98837 HARVEST AG LLC FRED D LEGAULT 9348 509-765-6966 3286 CITATION RD NE MOSES LAKE WA 98837 SIMPLOT SOILBUILDERS THEODORE G MARTIN 925 509-765-5663 PO BOX 520 MOSES LAKE WA 98837 CUSTOM CHEMICAL CO INC FRED D LEGAULT 9348 509-349-8900 PO BOX 547 MOSES LAKE WA 98837-0083 CARIBOU TRAIL PEST CONTROL TERRY E CRIM 13848 509-422-2325 23082 HWY 20 OKANOGAN WA 98840-8243 WILBUR-ELLIS COMPANY RANDALL E JIMERSON 3653 509-787-1565 12925 RD 4 NW QUINCY WA 98848 QUINCY FARM CHEMICALS INC PETER T ROMANO 1066 509-787-3556 PO BOX 307 QUINCY WA 98848-0307 P.E.S.T. GERALD L HUSBAND 40079 509-760-5219 PO BOX 1221 QUINCY WA 98848-2100 LOOMIS AG SERVICE CRAIG H TOMLINSON 47830 509-223-3823 656 LOOMIS HWY TONASKET WA 98855- WILBUR-ELLIS COMPANY NORMAN L PARTON 992 509-349-2333 786 RD U SE WARDEN WA 98857 CLINE AIR SERVICES RONALD A CLINE 399 509-968-9300 891 PRATER RD ELLENSBURG WA 98926 MIDSTATE COOP THOMAS L HENDERSON 7888 509-925-3378 417 W 3RD ELLENSBURG WA 98926 WOODLAND RESOURCE SERVICES JOSEPH ALLEN ROOT 43255 509-925-5697 231 TOZER RD ELLENSBURG WA 98926 HUSCH&HUSCH INC LOREN KELLY HUSCH 7621 509-848-2951 PO BOX 160 HARRAH WA 98933-0160 THE KERN COMPANY BENTLEY A KERN 3694 509-968-3643 PO BOX 716 KITTITAS WA 98934-0716 MORGAN SLAUGH MORGAN R SLAUGH 2321 509-697-4488 461 LANCASTER SELAH WA 98942 D&M SPRAY SERVICE DAVID L DEXTER 40838 509-697-8011 651 MCPHERSON LN SELAH WA 98942-9175 ROGER'S CUSTOM SPRAY SERVICE ROGER N NELSON 12123 509-865-3752 101 VAN AVE TOPPENISH WA 98948-1268 AGRISERV-CUSTOM FARM SERVICE GARY M ANGELL 10890 509-796-3988 PO BOX 175 REARDAN WA 99029-0175 EDWALL CHEMICAL CORP JAMES D BAYE 9516 509-236-2231 PO BOX 136 EDWALL WA 99008 BIG JOHNS SPRAYING&LANDSCAPING JOHN E MARTI JR 182 509-292-8447 PO BOX 203 ELK WA 99009-0203 LINCOLN MUTUAL SERVICE INC#1 SCOTT E WINONA 1223 509-639-2421 PO BOX 177 ALMIRA WA 99103-0177 TLC FLYING BRIAN S WINDSOR 9436 509-397-3514 PO BOX 307 COLFAX WA 99111 MCGREGOR COMPANY GORDON A COCKRUM 9096 509-397-4355 PO BOX 740 COLFAX WA 99111-0740 J&S SPRAY&SEED SCOTT G SANDERS 60302 509-685-9411 PO BOX 787 KETTLE FALLS WA 99141 DUSTY FARM COOP JOHN R STONER 4344 509-549-3377 121 DUSTY RD LACROSSE WA 99143-9742 WILDWOOD FORESTRY CINDY A KNUDSEN 59862 509-447-3028 1802 N SHORE RD NEWPORT WA 99156-8368 CENTAUREA INC DANIEL R CARLSON 41876 509-292-8401 9542 SCOTIA RD NEWPORT WA 99156-9360 PALOUSE EMPIRE PEST CONTR INC BRAD L BOWMAN 7045 509-397-4726 PO BOX 386 PULLMAN WA 99163-0386 EARTH FIRST PEST CONTROL INC JOHN C REULAND 8595 509-568-1292 PO BOX 8355 SPOKANE WA 99203-0355 SURE GREEN LAWN&TREE SERV INC SCOTT S ENGLE 5924 509-927-6767 4138 S SUNDOWN DR SPOKANE WA 99206-9647 SPRAY WORKS INC SHAWN R RICH 46449 509-891-8277 PO BOX 13204 SPOKANE WA 99213-3204 ELITE LAWN&TREE SERVICE LLC MICHAEL T BROWN 10824 509-535-3583 PO BOX 13711 SPOKANE WA 99213-3711 NORTHWEST LANDSCAPE MAINTENANCE CHARLES W OFFIELD 979 509-484-3324 PO BOX 6241 SPOKANE WA 99217-0904 ALL GREEN LANDSCAPE MAINT&SPRAY EARL ALLEN TIDWELL JR 46949 509-468-1841 PO BOX 6494 SPOKANE WA 99217-0908 SPOKANE PROCARE INC KEVIN E SCHROEDER 11092 509-483-5249 7610 N FREYA SPOKANE WA 99217-8005 PETTIT PEST CONTROL ROBERT B PETTIT 513 509-993-0789 4921 E 17TH CT SPOKANE WA 99223-1036 WESTERN FARM SERVICE INC JAMES F OSSMAN 13150 509-838-5007 W 10428 AERO RD SPOKANE WA 99224 CARDENAS AG PRODUCTS&SERVICES J GUADALUPE CARDENAS 509 509-521-9326 PO BOX 2845 PASCO WA 99302 SPECIALTY AG SERVICES INC SAMUEL J CLAYTON 660 509-531-6835 PO BOX 2993 PASCO WA 99302 BAISCH VEGETATION MANAGEMENT ROGER L BAISCH 11122 509-947-3897 PO BOX 3013 PASCO WA 99302-3013 SPRING GREEN LAWN CARE JAMES S LYON 894 509-545-5059 PO BOX 3776 PASCO WA 99302-3776 AGREEABLE PEST CONTROL ALBERT E GRABLE 40908 509-525-3560 630 SW 3RD ST COLLEGE PLACE WA 99324-1236 WING-AIR PAUL KEVIN WINGER 10959 509-337-6481 36039 HIGHWAY 12 DAYTON WA 99328-8600 DERUWE INC RAYMOND R DERUWE 13099 509-382-1761 106 PATAHA LN DAYTON WA 99328-9643 SUNLAND SEEDS GARTH L CHILD 13920 509-297-4244 5490 ELTOPIA RD W ELTOPIA WA 99330 SENSKE LAWN&TREE CARE CHRISTOPHER SENSKE 354 509-736-0754 400 N QUAY KENNEWICK WA 99336-2761 PRO TECH CROP CARE INC KEVIN D LYNCH 7081 509-488-3936 PO BOX 492 OTHELLO WA 99344-0492 SIMPLOT SOILBUILDERS JOHN G CULLEN 717 509-973-2300 PO BOX 431 PROSSER WA 99350 LYLE'S PEST CONTROL&ENTOMO LOG ICAL LYLE E KLOSTERMEYER 8760 509-786-4100 PO BOX 1167 PROSSER WA 99350-0960 ARTISTIC TREE WORKS LARRY W TYACKE 58414 509-943-4604 302 TORBETT BOX 149 RICHLAND WA 99352 EVERGREEN LAWN&TREE CARE INC LARRY STACY 36 509-943-4968 PO BOX 57 RICHLAND WA 99352-0057 SUNSCAPES INC REX A MCMULLIN 40005 509-375-0603 1956 SAINT ST RICHLAND WA 99352-2102 FLUOR HANFORD,INC JUAN M RODRIGUEZ 11118 509-376-5128 PO BOX 1000 MSIN 1-4-19 RICHLAND WA 99352-5507 CROPLAND AIR SERVICE INC VAL N WOODWORTH 5085 509-337-6252 17046 E HIGHWAY 12 WAITSBURG WA 99361-8703 WALLA WALLA FARMERS CO-OP INC MICHAEL G POTTER 1028 509-525-6690 PO BOX 928 WALLA WALLA WA 99362-0270 BRENT KNOWLES CONTRACTING BRENT A KNOWLES 26497 509-525-5567 4665 W HWY 12 WALLA WALLA WA 99362 JC'S PEST CONTR&INSPECTION SERV JAMES W CRAMP 8288 509-525-8735 208 CRUTHERS ST WALLA WALLA WA 99362-1610 TRI-CITY HELICOPTER SERV INC EDWARD W SVANCARA II 4967 509-967-5147 1030 16TH AVE CLARKSTON WA 99403 Pending renewals TOTAL LANDSCAPE CORPORATION LARRY J EINIG 13939 425-820-4358 6013 238TH ST SE WOODINVILLE WA 98072-8603 CUSTOM ORCHARD FUMIGATION LEONARD C ENGLAND 10936 509-687-9572 968 LLOYD RD MANSON WA 98831-9605 THE PROFESSORS INC JOHN V MELIN 11723 509-765-7453 4005 SAGE RD MOSES LAKE WA 98837-9155 VMACS ECOLOGICAL VEGETATION MGMT REX DAVID SCHENCK 48239 509-698-5208 508 N 11TH ST SELAH WA 98942 H&R AG INC BRAD P MACKAY 4966 509-547-5960 PO BOX 3140 PASCO WA 99302-3140 WILSON'S MAINTENANCE CHRISTINE A WILSON 40934 509-529-8584 PO BOX 83 DIXIE WA 99329-0083 VALLEY HELICOPTER SERV LLC JAMES R POPE 10232 509-758-1900 PO BOX 54 CLARKSTON WA 99403-0054 �uu fb QCL L!W� t b r i P of sF b+���,►�S PERMIT NO: WAG—992000 Coverage Date: Issuance Date: April 10,2002 Effective Date: May 10,2002 Expiration Date: May 10,2007 AQUATIC MOSQUITO CONTROL NATIONAL POLLUTANT DISCHARGE ELIMINATION SYSTEM WASTE DISCHARGE GENERAL PERMIT State of Washington Department of Ecology Olympia,Washington 98504-7600 In compliance with the provisions of Chapter 90.48 Revised Code of Washington as amended and The Federal Water Pollution Control Act as amended (The Clean Water Act) Title 33 United States Code, Section 1251 et seq. 1100 Until this permit expires,is modified or revoked,Permittees that have properly obtained coverage by this permit are authorized to discharge to waters of the state in accordance with the special and general conditions that follow. Megan ite,P.E.,Manager Water Quality Program Department of Ecology Page 2 of 17 TABLE OF CONTENTS SUMMARY OF PERMIT REPORT SUBMITTALS................................................................4 PERMITCOVERAGE.................................................................................................................5 C I. ACTIVITIES COVERED....................................................................................................5 C2. GEOGRAPHIC AREA COVERED....................................................................................5 C3. HOW CAN COVERAGE BE OBTAINED........................................................................5 SPECIAL CONDITIONS.............................................................................................................6 S 1. DISCHARGE LIMITATIONS............................................................................................6 A. Discharges................................................................................................................6 B. Temporary Water Quality Modification..................................................................7 S2. MONITORING REQUIREMENTS....................................................................................7 S3. REPORTING AND RECORDKEEPING REQUIREMENTS...........................................8 A. Annual Reporting.....................................................................................................8 B. Records Retention....................................................................................................8 C. Recording of Results................................................................................................9 D. Noncompliance Notification....................................................................................9 S4. BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICESANTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT.............9 S5. COMPLIANCE SCHEDULE............................................................................................10 PUBLIC NOTIFICATION PROCEDURES.............................................................................11 P1. PUBLIC NOTICE..............................................................................................................11 P2. POSTING REQUIREMENTS...........................................................................................11 GENERAL CONDITIONS.........................................................................................................11 G 1. DISCHARGE VIOLATIONS ...........................................................................................11 G2. PROPER OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE.............................................................12 G3. RIGHT OF ENTRY...........................................................................................................12 G4. NOTIFICATION OF CHANGE IN COVERED ACTIVITIES .......................................12 G5. REVOCATION OF COVERAGE.....................................................................................12 G6. GENERAL PERMIT MODIFICATION OR REVOCATION.........................................13 G7. REPORTING A CAUSE FOR REVOCATION OF COVERAGE ..................................13 G8. TRANSFER OF PERMIT COVERAGE...........................................................................13 G9. TOXIC POLLUTANTS.....................................................................................................14 G 10. OTHER REQUIREMENTS OF TITLE 40 CODE OF FEDERAL REGULATIONS.....14 Gl 1. COMPLIANCE WITH OTHER LAWS AND STATUTES.............................................14 G 12. ADDITIONAL MONITORING REQUIREMENTS........................................................14 G13. REMOVED SUBSTANCES.............................................................................................14 Page 3 of 17 G14. USE OF ACCREDITED LABORATORIES....................................................................14 G15. SIGNATORY REQUIREMENTS.....................................................................................15 G16. REQUESTS TO BE EXCLUDED FROM COVERAGE UNDER A GENERAL PERMIT.............................................................................................................................15 G17. APPEALS..........................................................................................................................16 G 18. DUTY TO REAPPLY.......................................................................................................16 G 19. TERMINATION OF INDIVIDUAL PERMITS...............................................................16 G20. TERMINATION OF COVERAGE UPON ISSUANCE OF AN INDIVIDUAL PERMIT16 G21. ENFORCEMENT..............................................................................................................16 G22. SEVERABILITY...............................................................................................................17 G23. PAYMENT OF FEES........................................................................................................17 Page 4 of 17 SUMMARY OF PERMIT REPORT SUBMITTALS Refer to the Special and General Conditions of this permit for additional submittal requirements. Permit Submittal Frequency First Submittal Date Section S2.A Annual monitoring Plan Yearly February 1,2003 S3.13 Noncompliance Notification As necessary S5 IPM Manual Once February 1, 2003 S3.A Annual Monitoring Report Yearly February 1, 2003 G 15. Notice of Change in Authorization As necessary G4. Permit Application for Substantive As necessary Changes to the Discharge G 18. Application for Permit Renewal 1/permit cycle November 10,2006 G8 Notice of Permit Transfer As necessary Page 5 of 17 PERMIT COVERAGE C1. ACTIVITIES COVERED This general permit shall cover all mosquito control activities that discharge insecticides directly into surface waters of the state of Washington.Mosquito districts and other pesticide applicators are required to be covered by the general permit for the following pre adult life stage pesticiding activities: 1) Into waterbodies that are contiguous with rivers,creeks, and lakes, or 2) Into navigable waters, or 3) In other situations as determined by the Department. C2. GEOGRAPHIC AREA COVERED This general permit covers aquatic mosquito control activities anywhere in the entire state of Washington. The specific areas where mosquito control activities are covered are described and limited by each application for coverage. C3. HOW CAN COVERAGE BE OBTAINED 1. For existing mosquito control districts and applicators with current programs requesting coverage: Notify the Department by submitting a completed application for coverage no later than 90 days after the issuance date of this general permit.Unless the Department responds in writing to the notification, coverage of a discharger under this permit will commence on the effective date of the permit. 2. For new mosquito control districts and applicators that propose to begin activities which will result in a discharge or potential discharge to waters of the state on or after the effective date of this general permit: a. Notify the Department by submission of a completed application form requesting coverage under this permit at least 60 days prior to the planned activity that will result in the discharge to waters of the state. b. Publish twice in a local newspaper of general circulation a notice that an application for coverage has been made pursuant to Section 173-226-130(5)WAC. This notice shall specify the last day of the 30 day public comment period. C. At the end of the 30 day comment period,the Department will accept the application and review all comments prior to making a determination on whether to grant permit coverage. d. The Department intends to notify new applicants by mail of their status concerning coverage under this permit. If the applicant does not receive notification of the coverage decision from Page 6 of 17 the Department,coverage under this permit will commence on the 31 st day following the Department's acceptance of an application form. SPECIAL CONDITIONS S1. DISCHARGE LIMITATIONS A. Discharges 1. All discharges and activities authorized by this permit shall be consistent with the terms and conditions of this permit. 2. Insecticide applications under this permit shall be for the control of pre-adult mosquitoes only. 3. Beginning on the effective date of this permit and lasting through the expiration date,the Permittee is authorized to discharge the listed aquatic insecticides and associated adjuvants which are listed in this permit into surface waters of the state subject to complying with FIFRA and in consideration of integrated pest management options. 4. Authorized pesticides are: • Bacillus sphaericus • Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis(Bti) • Lagenidium giganteum • Paraffinic white mineral oil • Methoprene • Monomolecular Surface films 5. The use of malathion or temephos in surface waters of the State shall be allowed only under either of the following two conditions: a. As a result of consultation between the Department of Agriculture and Department of Ecology and then only in response to the development of pesticide resistance within a population of mosquitoes. Monitoring of insecticide persistence and residuals shall be a condition of such approval. Page 7 of 17 b. As a result of consultation between the Department of Health and Department of Ecology in response to the development of a human health emergency as determined by the Washington State Department of Health. 6. Other pesticides may be applied in the context of a research and development effort under the jurisdiction of the Washington State Department of Agriculture through the issuance of a Washington State Experimental Use Permit. 7. A state or local health officer, in agreement with the Department,may order temporary suspension of permit conditions to protect public health in the event of a mosquito-borne disease outbreak. B. Temporary Water Quality Modification The application of insecticides listed in this permit to control mosquitoes is allowed so long as the conditions of this permit are satisfied and the transitory water quality impact is limited to the minimum time necessary to accomplish the desired aquatic pest control objectives. This temporary water quality modification is allowed throughout the permit term,but its effect shall be temporary in a specific location,though locations where it is in effect may be widespread throughout the state anywhere mosquitoes are subject to control and eradication. S2. MONITORING REQUIREMENTS A. The Permittee shall develop and implement a monitoring plan for the application of pesticides listed in S1A4. The objective of the monitoring plan is to determine pesticide persistence in a variety of application sites and conditions. Data from EPA-approved persistence studies may be included in the monitoring report but must be identified in the monitoring plan. B. The Permittee shall select from one of the following two options to fulfill this monitoring requirement: 1. The Permittee shall submit a plan for monitoring a representative sampling of pesticide application sites by February 1,2003 and annually thereafter so long as this option is chosen. The monitoring plan shall be implemented beginning in the year 2003 mosquito control season. 2. The Permittee may participate in a group monitoring plan for monitoring a representative sampling of pesticide application sites in lieu of an individual monitoring plan. The group plan shall be submitted by February 1,2003 and annually thereafter so long as this option is chosen. The monitoring plan shall be implemented beginning in the year 2003 mosquito control season. C. The permittee may request suspension of persistence monitoring after the 2003 mosquito control season. Elimination of the persistence monitoring requirement may be granted by the Department, in writing,if the permittee has demonstrated the range of persistence time of the insecticides that it commonly uses in the situations within the mosquito control area. Page 8 of 17 Additional monitoring may be performed to meet other needs. Adverse weather conditions,lack of daylight and other relevant factors related to safety considerations may alter the timing of monitoring but not preclude the requirement that a minimum level of monitoring be performed. The burden of proof for establishing safety- related alterations to the monitoring schedule shall rest with the Permittee(s). D. Sampling and Analytical Procedures Samples and measurements taken to meet the requirements of this permit shall be representative of the volume and nature of the monitored parameters. Sampling and analytical methods used to meet the monitoring requirements specified in this permit shall conform to the latest revision of the Guidelines Establishing Test Procedures for the Analysis of Pollutants contained in 40 CFR Part 136 or to the latest revision of Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(APHA),unless otherwise specified in this permit or approved in writing by the Department of Ecology(Department). Methods for parameters that have no corresponding sampling or analytical methods described in the above mentioned protocols may be included in the annual monitoring plans. S3. REPORTING AND RECORDKEEPING REQUIREMENTS The Permittee shall monitor and report in accordance with the following conditions. The falsification of information submitted to the Department shall constitute a violation of the terms and conditions of this permit. A. Annual Reporting Monitoring results shall be submitted annually. Monitoring results obtained during the previous calendar year shall be reported and be received no later than February 1 of the year following the completed monitoring period. The report shall be sent to the Aquatic Pesticides Team, Water Quality Program,Department of Ecology,PO Box 47600, Olympia,Washington 98504-7600. All laboratory reports providing data for organic and metal parameters shall include the following information: sampling date, sample location,date of analysis,parameter name, CAS number, analytical method/number,method detection limit(MDL), laboratory practical quantitation limit(PQL),reporting units, and concentration detected. Monitoring reports must be submitted annually whether or not monitoring was required. If there was no discharge during a given monitoring period, submit the report with an explanation of why no monitoring was performed. B. Records Retention The Permittee shall retain records of all monitoring information for a minimum of three(3) years. Such information shall include all calibration and maintenance records and all original Page 9 of 17 recordings for continuous monitoring instrumentation,copies of all reports required by this permit, and records of all data used to complete the application for this permit. This period of retention shall be extended during the course of any unresolved litigation regarding the discharge of pollutants by the Permittee or when requested by the Director. C. Recording of Results For each measurement or sample taken, the Permittee shall record the following information: (1)the date, exact place,method, and time of sampling or measurement; (2)the individual who performed the sampling or measurement; (3)the dates the analyses were performed; (4)the individual who performed the analyses; (5)the analytical techniques or methods used;and(6) the results of all analyses. D. Noncompliance Notification In the event the Permittee is unable to comply with any of the terms and conditions of this permit due to any cause,the Permittee shall: 1. Immediately take action to stop,contain, and clean up unauthorized discharges or otherwise stop the noncompliance and correct the problem. 2. Immediately notify the Department of the failure to comply. Compliance with these requirements does not relieve the Permittee from responsibility to maintain continuous compliance with the terms and conditions of this permit or the resulting liability for failure to comply. S4. BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES/INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT A. An Integrated Pest Management Plan(IPMP) shall be prepared and implemented by the Permittee. The IPMP may include a decision tree outlining control options based on site and infestation conditions. 1. In the IPMP, a hierarchy of preferred controls shall be developed. Pesticides that are effective in controlling the mosquito population and are the least toxic to nontarget species shall be used except in response to documented development of resistance or in a declared public health emergency. 2. Following is the approved list of pesticide-based controls in the order of preference in which they should be considered in the mosquito control plan: • Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis(Bti) • Bacillus sphaericus(H-5a5b) • Methoprene Granular,Liquid,Pellet, or Briquet Page 10 of 17 • Monomolecular Surface Films • Paraffinic white mineral oil. Paraffinic white mineral oil shall not be used in waters of the state unless: a. The mosquito problem is declared a public health risk; or b. The other control agents would be or are known to be ineffective at a specific treatment site;and c. The waterbody is non-fish-bearing(consult Washington State Fish and Wildlife concerning fish and wildlife). 3. In developing the IPM plan,the Permittee shall consult with local governments and State and Federal agencies as needed. B. Malathion and temephos shall be used only in response to a public health concern or documented development of resistance to all less toxic control methods and in accordance with S1 C. Pesticide applications shall not commence unless surveillance of a potential application site indicates a larva/pupa count of greater than 0.3 per dip and the need to apply insecticides to control mosquito populations. D. Pesticide application practices shall be followed that minimize the potential for development of pesticide resistance. E. Spills of pesticides shall be promptly reported to the appropriate local and state authorities. S5. COMPLIANCE SCHEDULE The Permittee shall submit a copy of its Integrated Pest Management Plan(IPMP)no later than February 1,2003. The IPMP shall be implemented in all aquatic pest control activities engaged in by the Permittee. The Permittee shall adjust the IPMP in accordance with guidance from the Department and resubmit the plan according to the direction of the Department no later than January 1,2004 or six months after written notification of a need for adjustment from the Department,whichever occurs latest. The IPMP may be revised by the permittee if based on valid reasons that promote the principles of IPM. Page 11 of 17 PUBLIC NOTIFICATION PROCEDURES Pl. PUBLIC NOTICE A. The applicator shall notify the public by direct residential mailing or by publishing a notice in a local newspaper of general circulation(or nearest regional paper if a local paper does not exist) for expected applications of insecticides that have a water use restriction. B. This direct residential mailing or legal notice shall be published at least ten(10)days prior to the first pesticide application of the season. This notice shall include: 1. The pesticide(s)to be used and its active ingredient(s); 2. The approximate date range of treatment; 3. The approximate location(s)to be treated; 4. The water use restrictions or precautions; 5. The posting procedure; and 6. The names and phone numbers of the applicator and the appropriate Ecology regional office. C. Notification to the public regarding mosquito control activities shall continue throughout the treatment season. Notification may include methods other than notices in a newspaper. P2. POSTING REQUIREMENTS Notification shall be posted at all reasonable points of ingress and egress to the treatment areas when insecticides with water use restrictions are applied to waterbodies which are used for water supply, fish and shellfish harvesting,or water contact recreation. GENERAL CONDITIONS Gl. DISCHARGE VIOLATIONS The Permittee shall at all times be responsible for continuous compliance with the terms and conditions of this general permit. The Permittee shall be responsible for compliance with any order, directive, or penalty issued by the Department. Page 12 of 17 G2. PROPER OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE The Permittee shall at all times properly operate and maintain any facilities or systems of control to achieve compliance with the terms and conditions of the general permit. Where design criteria have been established,the Permittee shall not allow flows or waste loadings to exceed approved design criteria or approved revisions thereto. G3. RIGHT OF ENTRY The Permittee shall allow an authorized representative of the Department,upon the presentation of credentials and such other documents as may be required by law, at reasonable times: A. To enter upon the Permittee's premises in which an effluent source (discharge)is located or in which any records are required to be kept under the terms and conditions of this general permit; B. To have access to and to copy at reasonable costs, any records required to be kept under terms and conditions of the permit; and C. To inspect any monitoring equipment or method of monitoring required in this general permit. G4. NOTIFICATION OF CHANGE IN COVERED ACTIVITIES The Permittee shall submit a new Application for Coverage to the Department when facility expansions,production increases, or process modifications will(1)result in new or substantially increased discharges of pollutants or a change in the nature of the discharge of pollutants or(2) violate the terms and conditions of this general permit. G5. REVOCATION OF COVERAGE Pursuant to Chapter 43.21B RCW and Chapter 173-226 WAC,the Director may require any discharger authorized by this general permit to apply for and obtain coverage under an individual permit or another more specific and appropriate general permit. Cases where revocation of coverage may be required include,but are not limited to the following: A. Violation of any term or condition of this general permit. B. Obtaining coverage under this general permit by misrepresentation or failure to disclose fully all relevant facts. C. A change in any condition that requires either a temporary or permanent reduction or elimination of the permitted discharge. D. Failure or refusal of the Permittee to allow entry as required in RCW 90.48.090. E. A determination that the permitted activity endangers human health or the environment,or significantly contributes to water quality standards violations. Page 13 of 17 F. Nonpayment of permit fees or penalties assessed pursuant to RCW 90.48.465 and Chapter 173-224 WAC. G. Failure of the Permittee to satisfy the public notice requirements of WAC 173-226-130(5), when applicable. Permittees who have their coverage revoked for cause according to WAC 173-226-240 may request temporary coverage under this permit during the time an individual permit is being developed, provided the request is made within 90 days from the time of revocation and is submitted along with a complete individual permit application form. G6. GENERAL PERMIT MODIFICATION OR REVOCATION General permits may be modified,or revoked and reissued,in accordance with the provisions of Chapter 43.21B RCW and Chapter 173-226 WAC. Grounds for modification or revocation and reissuance include,but are not limited to,the following: A. When a change that occurs in the technology or practices for control or abatement of pollutants applicable to the category of dischargers covered under this general permit. B. When effluent limitation guidelines or standards are promulgated pursuant to the FWPCA or Chapter 90.48 RCW for the category of dischargers covered under this general permit. C. When a water quality management plan containing requirements applicable to the category of dischargers covered under this general permit is approved. D. When information is obtained which indicates that cumulative effects on the environment from dischargers covered under this general permit are unacceptable. G7. REPORTING A CAUSE FOR REVOCATION OF COVERAGE A Permittee who knows or has reason to believe that any activity has occurred or will occur which would constitute cause for revocation under condition G7 or 40 CFR 122.62 shall report such information to the Department so that a decision can be made on whether action to revoke coverage under this general permit will be required. The Department may then require submission of a new Application for Coverage under this or another general permit or an application for an individual permit. Submission of a new application does not relieve the Permittee of the duty to comply with all the terms and conditions of the existing general permit until the new application for coverage has been approved. G8. TRANSFER OF PERMIT COVERAGE Coverage under this general permit is automatically transferred to a new discharger i£ Page 14 of 17 A. A written signed agreement between the old and new discharger containing a specific date for transfer of permit responsibility and coverage is submitted to the Department; and B. The Department does not notify the old and new discharger of its intent to revoke coverage under the general permit. If this notice is not given,the transfer is effective on the date specified in the written agreement between the old and new discharger. G9. TOXIC POLLUTANTS If any applicable toxic effluent standard or prohibition(including any schedule of compliance specified in such effluent standard or prohibition)is established under section 307(a)of the Clean Water Act for a toxic pollutant and that standard or prohibition is more stringent than any limitation upon such pollutant in this general permit,the Department shall institute proceedings to modify or revoke and reissue this general permit to conform to the new toxic effluent standard or prohibition. G10. OTHER REQUIREMENTS OF TITLE 40 CODE OF FEDERAL REGULATIONS All other applicable requirements of 40 CFR 122.41 and 122.42 are incorporated in this general permit by reference. GIL COMPLIANCE WITH OTHER LAWS AND STATUTES Nothing in the permit shall be construed as excusing the Permittee from compliance with any applicable federal, state,or local statutes, ordinances,or regulations. G12. ADDITIONAL MONITORING REQUIREMENTS The Department may establish specific monitoring requirements in addition to those contained in this general permit by administrative order or permit modification. G13. REMOVED SUBSTANCES Collected screenings, grit, solids, sludges,filter backwash,or other pollutants removed in the course of treatment or pollution control of wastewaters shall not be resuspended or reintroduced to the final effluent stream for discharge to state waters. Such removed substances shall be lawfully disposed in an appropriate manner and shall comply with Chapter 173-303 WAC and Chapter 173-304 WAC. G14. USE OF ACCREDITED LABORATORIES All monitoring data, except for flow, temperature, settleable solids,total residual chlorine, conductivity,pH, and internal process control parameters, shall be prepared by a laboratory registered or accredited under the provisions of, Accreditation of Environmental Laboratories, Chapter 173-50 WAC. Conductivity and pH shall be accredited if the laboratory must otherwise be registered or accredited. Soils and hazardous waste data are exempted from this requirement pending accreditation of laboratories for the analysis of these media by the Department. Page 15 of 17 G15. SIGNATORY REQUIREMENTS All applications,reports, or information submitted to the Department shall be signed and certified. A. All permit applications shall be signed by either a responsible corporate officer of at least the level of vice president of a corporation, a general partner of a partnership,the proprietor of a sole proprietorship,responsible official,or ranking elected official. B. All reports required by this permit and other information requested by the Department shall be signed by a person described above or by a duly authorized representative of that person. A person is a duly authorized representative only if 1. The authorization is made in writing by a person described above and submitted to the Department. 2. The authorization specifies either an individual or a position having responsibility for the overall operation of a regulated facility, such as the position of plant manager, superintendent,position of equivalent responsibility, or an individual or position having overall responsibility for environmental matters. (A duly authorized representative may thus be either a named individual or any individual occupying a named position.) C. Changes to authorization. If an authorization under paragraph B.2. above is no longer accurate because a different individual or position has responsibility for the overall operation of the facility, a new authorization satisfying the requirements of paragraph B.2. above must be submitted to the Department prior to or together with any reports, information, or applications to be signed by an authorized representative. D. Certification. Any person signing a document under this section shall make the following certification: I certify under penalty of law,that this document and all attachments were prepared under my direction or supervision in accordance with a system designed to assure that qualified personnel properly gathered and evaluated the information submitted. Based on my inquiries of the person or persons who manage the system,or those persons directly responsible for gathering information,the information submitted is,to the best of my knowledge and belief,true, accurate and complete. I am aware that there are significant penalties for submitting false information, including the possibility of fines and imprisonment for knowing violations. G16. REQUESTS TO BE EXCLUDED FROM COVERAGE UNDER A GENERAL PERMIT Any discharger authorized by this general permit may request to be excluded from coverage under this general permit by applying for an individual permit. The discharger shall submit to the Director an application as described in WAC 173-220-040 or WAC 173-216-070,whichever is applicable,with reasons supporting the request. The Director shall either issue an individual permit or deny the request with a statement explaining the reason for the denial. Page 16 of 17 G17. APPEALS The terms and conditions of this general permit: A. As they apply to the appropriate class of dischargers are subject to appeal within thirty (30) days of issuance of this general permit in accordance with Chapter 43.21(B)RCW and Chapter 173-226 WAC;and B. As they apply to an individual discharger are subject to appeal in accordance with Chapter 43.21(B)RCW within thirty(30)days of the effective date of coverage of that discharger. Consideration of an appeal of general permit coverage of an individual discharger is limited to the general permit's applicability or non-applicability to that discharger. Appeal of this general permit coverage of an individual discharger shall not affect any other individual dischargers. If the terms and conditions of this general permit are found to be inapplicable to any discharger(s),the matter shall be remanded to the Department for consideration of issuance of an individual permit or permits. G18. DUTY TO REAPPLY The Permittee shall reapply for coverage under this general permit at least one hundred and eighty (180)days prior to the specified expiration date of this general permit. An expired general permit continues in force and effect until a new general permit is issued or until the Department cancels it. Only those facilities that reapply for coverage are covered under the continued permit. G19. TERMINATION OF INDIVIDUAL PERMITS Any previously issued individual permit shall remain in effect until terminated in writing by the Department, except that extension of an expired individual permit(pursuant to WAC 173- 220-180(5)) shall terminate upon coverage under this general permit. G20. TERMINATION OF COVERAGE UPON ISSUANCE OF AN INDIVIDUAL PERMIT When an individual permit is issued to a discharger otherwise subject to this general permit, the coverage under this general permit for that Permittee is terminated on the effective date of the individual permit. G21. ENFORCEMENT Any violation of the terms and conditions of this general permit,the state Water Pollution Control Act, and the federal Clean Water Act,will be subject to the enforcement sanctions, direct and indirect,as provided for in WAC 173-226-250. Page 17 of 17 G22. SEVERABILITY The provisions of this general permit are severable,and if any provision of this general permit, or application of any provision of this general permit to any circumstance,is held invalid,the application of such provision to other circumstances and the remainder of this general permit shall not be affected thereby. G23. PAYMENT OF FEES The Permittee shall submit payment of fees associated with this permit as assessed by the Department. PERMIT NO: WAG—992000 Coverage Date: Issuance Date: April 10, 2002 Effective Date: May 10, 2002 Expiration Date: May 10, 2007 Modified June 8, 2004 AQUATIC MOSQUITO CONTROL NATIONAL POLLUTANT DISCHARGE ELIMINATION SYSTEM WASTE DISCHARGE GENERAL PERMIT State of Washington Department of Ecology Olympia,Washington 98504-7600 In compliance with the provisions of Chapter 90.48 Revised Code of Washington as amended and The Federal Water Pollution Control Act as amended (The Clean Water Act) Title 33 United States Code, Section 1251 et seq. Until this permit expires, is modified or revoked,permittees that have properly obtained coverage by this permit are authorized to discharge to waters of the state in accordance with the special and general conditions that follow. 1 David C. P r, Manager Water Quality Program Department of Ecology RIE^C tVt D JUL 2 6 2004 Page 1 of 16 Permit No. WAG—992000 • TABLE OF CONTENTS SUMMARY OF PERMIT REPORT SUBMITTALS................................................................3 PERMITCOVERAGE .................................................................................................................5 C1. ACTIVITIES COVERED....................................................................................................5 C2. GEOGRAPHIC AREA COVERED...................................:................................................5 C3. HOW CAN COVERAGE BE OBTAINED........................................................................5 SPECIAL CONDITIONS .............................................................................................................6 S 1. DISCHARGE LIMITATIONS............................................................................................6 A. Discharges................................................................................................................6 B. Temporary Water Quality Modification..................................................................7 S2. MONITORING REQUIREMENTS....................................................................................7 S3. REPORTING AND RECORDKEEPING REQUIREMENTS...........................................8 A. Annual Reporting.....................................................................................................8 B. Records Retention....................................................................................................9 C. Recording of Results................................................................................................9 • D. Noncompliance Notification....................................................................................9 S4. BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES: IPMS..................................................................10 S5. COMPLIANCE SCHEDULE............................................................................................10 PUBLIC NOTIFICATION PROCEDURES.............................................................................10 Pl. PUBLIC NOTICE..............................................................................................................10 P2. POSTING REQUIREMENTS...........................................................................................I I GENERAL CONDITIONS.........................................................................................................11 G1. DISCHARGE VIOLATIONS ...........................................................................................I I G2. PROPER OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE.............................................................I I G3. RIGHT OF ENTRY...........................................................................................................I I G4. NOTIFICATION OF CHANGE IN COVERED ACTIVITIES .......................................I I G5. REVOCATION OF COVERAGE.....................................................................................12 G6. GENERAL PERMIT MODIFICATION OR REVOCATION.........................................12 G7. REPORTING A CAUSE FOR REVOCATION OF COVERAGE ..................................13 G8. TRANSFER OF PERMIT COVERAGE...........................................................................13 G9. TOXIC POLLUTANTS.....................................................................................................13 G10. OTHER REQUIREMENTS OF TITLE 40 CODE OF FEDERAL REGULATIONS.....13 G11. COMPLIANCE WITH OTHER LAWS AND STATUTES.............................................13 G 12. ADDITIONAL MONITORING REQUIREMENTS........................................................13 G 13. REMOVED SUBSTANCES.............................................................................................14 • G14. USE OF ACCREDITED LABORATORIES....................................................................14 Page 2 of 16 Permit No. WAG—992000 G15. SIGNATORY REQUIREMENTS.....................................................................................14 • G 16. REQUESTS TO BE EXCLUDED FROM COVERAGE UNDER A GENERAL PERMIT.............................................................................................................................15 G17. APPEALS..........................................................................................................................15 G18. DUTY TO REAPPLY.......................................................................................................15 G19. TERMINATION OF INDIVIDUAL PERMITS...............................................................15 G20. TERMINATION OF COVERAGE UPON ISSUANCE OF AN INDIVIDUAL PERMIT.............................................................................................................................16 G21. ENFORCEMENT..............................................................................................................16 G22. SEVERABILITY...............................................................................................................16 G23. PAYMENT OF FEES........................................................................................................16 • • Page 3 of 16 Permit No. WAG—992000 • SUMMARY OF PERMIT REPORT SUBMITTALS Refer to the Special and General Conditions of this permit for additional submittal requirements. Permit Submittal Frequency First Submittal Date Section S2.A Annual Monitoring Plan Yearly February 1, 2003 S3.13 Noncompliance Notification As necessary S5. IPM Plan Once February 1, 2003 S3.A Annual Monitoring Report Yearly February 1, 2003 G 15. Notice of Change in Authorization As necessary G4. Permit Application for Substantive As necessary Changes to the Discharge G18. Application for Permit Renewal 1/permit cycle November 10, 2006 G8. Notice of Permit Transfer As necessary • • Page 4 of 16 Permit No. WAG—992000 • • Page 5 of 16 Permit No. WAG—992000 PERMIT COVERAGE C1. ACTIVITIES COVERED This general permit shall cover all mosquito control activities that discharge insecticides directly into surface waters of the state of Washington. Mosquito districts and other pesticide applicators are required to be covered by the general permit for the following pre-adult life stage pesticiding activities: 1) Into water bodies that are contiguous with rivers, creeks, and lakes, or 2) Into navigable waters, or 3) In other situations as determined by Ecology. C2. GEOGRAPHIC AREA COVERED This general permit covers aquatic mosquito control activities anywhere in the entire state of Washington. The specific areas where mosquito control activities are covered are described and limited by each application for coverage. C3. HOW COVERAGE CAN BE OBTAINED • 1. For existing mosquito control districts and applicators with current programs requesting coverage: Notify Ecology by submitting a completed application for coverage no later than 90 days after the issuance date of this general permit. Unless Ecology responds in writing to the notification, II coverage of a discharger under this permit will commence on the effective date of the permit. 2. For new mosquito control districts and applicators that propose to begin activities that will result in a discharge or potential discharge to waters of the state on or after the effective date of this general permit: a. Notify Ecology by submission of a completed application form requesting coverage under this permit at least 60 days prior to the planned activity that will result in the discharge to waters of the state. b. Publish twice in a local newspaper of general circulation a notice that an application for coverage has been made pursuant to Section 173-226-130(5)WAC. This notice shall specify the last day of the 30-day public comment period. C. At the end of the 30-day comment period, Ecology will accept the application and review all comments prior to making a determination on whether to grant permit coverage. d. Ecology intends to notify new applicants by mail of their status concerning coverage under this permit. If the applicant does not receive notification of the coverage decision from • Page 6 of 16 Permit No. WAG—992000 Ecology, coverage under this permit will commence on the 31 st day following Ecology's acceptance of complete application form. SPECIAL CONDITIONS S1. DISCHARGE LIMITATIONS A. Discharges 1. All discharges and activities authorized by this permit shall be consistent with the terms and conditions of this permit. 2. Insecticide applications under this permit shall be for the control of pre-adult mosquitoes only. 3. Beginning on the effective date of this permit and lasting through the expiration date, the permittee is authorized to discharge the listed aquatic insecticides and associated adjuvants that are listed in this permit into surface waters of the state, subject to complying with the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, Rodenticide Act(FIFRA), and in consideration of integrated pest management options. 4. Authorized pesticides are: ➢ Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis (Bti) ➢ Bacillus sphaericus (H-5a5b) • ➢ Methoprene Granular, Liquid, Pellet, or Briquette.* ➢ Monomolecular Surface Films ➢ Paraffinic white mineral oil. Paraffinic white mineral oil shall not be used in waters of the state unless: a) The mosquito problem is declared a public health risk; or b) The other control agents would be or are known to be ineffective at a specific treatment site; and c) The water body is non-fish-bearing (consult Washington State Fish and Wildlife concerning fish and wildlife). *Use of methoprene is not restricted for use beyond the FIFRA label in more than 99 percent of the state. However,methoprene is restricted in areas designated by Washington State Department of Fish and Wildlife (see Appendix A) except when a health threat exists in those areas as determined by state and local health departments. 5. Temephos may not be used in lakes, streams, or the littoral zone of water bodies or on state-listed specie sites listed in Appendix A, (Ecology publication No. 03-10- 023). The use of temephos shall be allowed only in highly polluted water(i.e., tire piles) or waters with high organic content(i.e., manure holding ponds and pastures with no surface water runoff), or under either of the two following conditions: a. As a result of consultation between the Departments of Agriculture and Ecology in response to the development of pesticide resistance or ineffectiveness within a population of mosquitoes,when temephos is applied to • Page 7of16 Permit No. WAG—992000 • areas draining to surface waters monitoring of persistence and residues are a condition of the approval. Temephos must be rotated with one or more of the approved alternatives with a different mode of action to minimize the development of resistance. b. As a result of consultation between the Department of Health and Department of Ecology in response to the development of a human health emergency as determined by the Washington State Department of Health. 6. Other pesticides may be applied in the context of a research and development effort under the jurisdiction of the Washington State Department of Agriculture through the issuance of a Washington State Experimental Use Permit. 7. A state or local health officer, with agreement of Ecology, may order temporary suspension of permit conditions to protect public health in the event of a mosquito-borne disease outbreak. B. Temporary Water Quality Modification The application of insecticides listed in this permit to control mosquitoes is allowed so long as the conditions of this permit are satisfied and the transitory water quality impact is limited to the minimum time necessary to accomplish the desired aquatic pest control objectives. This temporary water quality modification is allowed throughout the permit term,but its effect shall be temporary in a specific location, though locations where it is in effect may be • widespread throughout the state anywhere mosquitoes are subject to control and eradication. S2. MONITORING REQUIREMENTS A. The permittee shall develop and implement a monitoring plan for the application of pesticides listed in S 1.A4. The objective of the monitoring plan is to determine pesticide persistence in a variety of application sites and conditions. Data from EPA-approved persistence studies may be included in the monitoring report but must be identified in the monitoring plan. B. The permittee shall select from one of the following two options to fulfill this monitoring requirement: 1. The permittee shall submit a plan for monitoring a representative sampling of pesticide application sites by February 1, 2003 and annually thereafter so long as this option is chosen. The monitoring plan shall be implemented beginning in the year 2003 mosquito control season. 2. The permittee may participate in a group monitoring plan for monitoring a representative sampling of pesticide application sites in lieu of an individual monitoring plan. The group plan shall be submitted by February 1, 2003 and annually thereafter so long as this option is chosen. The monitoring plan shall be implemented beginning in the year 2003 mosquito control season. Submitting a complete report for each application satisfies this requirement. A complete report contains: a) The name and address of the person applying the larvicides, b) The center point of latitude and longitude to at least three decimal places • where each larvicide application is made, Page 8 of 16 Permit No. WAG—992000 c)The type of each larvicide and its EPA registration number, • d)The amount of larvicide in gallons or pounds that was applied, and e) The number of acres treated. Treated areas less than one acre can be designated as<1. C. The permittee may request suspension of persistence monitoring after the 2003 mosquito control season. Elimination of the persistence-monitoring requirement may be granted by Ecology, in writing, if the permittee has demonstrated the range of persistence time of the insecticides that it commonly uses in the situations within the mosquito control area. Additional monitoring may be performed to meet other needs. Adverse weather conditions, lack of daylight, and other relevant factors related to safety considerations may alter the timing of monitoring but not preclude the requirement that a minimum level of monitoring be performed. The burden of proof for establishing safety- related alterations to the monitoring schedule shall rest with the permittee(s). D. Sampling and Analytical Procedures Samples and measurements taken to meet the requirements of this permit shall be representative of the volume and nature of the monitored parameters. Sampling and analytical methods used to meet the monitoring requirements specified in this permit shall conform to the latest revision of the Guidelines Establishing Test Procedures for • the Analysis of Pollutants contained in 40 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR)Part 136 or to the latest revision of Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater (APHA),unless otherwise specified in this permit or approved in writing by the Department of Ecology(Ecology). Methods for parameters that have no corresponding sampling or analytical methods described in the above mentioned protocols may be included in the annual monitoring plans. S3. REPORTING AND RECORDKEEPING REQUIREMENTS The permittee shall monitor and report in accordance with the following conditions. The falsification of information submitted to Ecology shall constitute a violation of the terms and conditions of this permit. A. Annual Reporting Monitoring results shall be submitted annually. Monitoring results obtained during the previous calendar year shall be reported and be received no later than February 1 of the year following the completed monitoring period. The report shall be sent to the Aquatic Pesticides Team, Water Quality Program, Department of Ecology, PO Box 47600, Olympia, Washington 98504-7600. All laboratory reports providing data for organic and metal parameters shall include the following information: sampling date, sample location, date of analysis,parameter name, • Page 9 of 16 Permit No. WAG—992000 chemical abstract service (CAS) number, analytical method/number,method detection limit (MDL), laboratory practical quantitation limit(PQL), reporting units, and concentration detected. Monitoring reports must be submitted annually whether or not monitoring was required. If there was no discharge during a given monitoring period, submit the report with an explanation of why no monitoring was performed. B. Records Retention The permittee shall retain records of all monitoring information for a minimum of three(3) years. Such information shall include all calibration and maintenance records and all original recordings for continuous monitoring instrumentation, copies of all reports required by this permit, and records of all data used to complete the application for this permit. This period of retention shall be extended during the course of any unresolved litigation regarding the discharge of pollutants by the permittee or when requested by the director. C. Recording of Results For each measurement or sample taken, the permittee shall record the following information: (1)the date, exact place, method, and time of sampling or measurement; (2)the individual who performed the sampling or measurement; (3)the dates the analyses were performed; (4) the individual who performed the analyses; (5)the analytical techniques or methods used; • and(6)the results of all analyses. D. Noncompliance Notification In the event the permittee is unable to comply with any of the terms and conditions of this permit due to any cause,the permittee shall: 1. Immediately take action to stop, contain, and clean up unauthorized discharges or otherwise stop the noncompliance and correct the problem. 2. Immediately notify Ecology of the failure to comply. Compliance with these requirements does not relieve the penmittee from responsibility to maintain continuous compliance with the terms and conditions of this permit or the resulting liability for failure to comply. • Page 10 of 16 Permit No. WAG—992000 S4. BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES/INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT • A. An Integrated Pest Management Plan(IPMP) approved by Ecology shall be implemented by the permittee. The IPMP may include a decision tree outlining control options based on site and infestation conditions. 1. In the IPMP,pesticides that are effective in controlling the mosquito population and have the least adverse impacts to nontarget species shall be used except in response to documented development of resistance, or in cases of ineffectiveness or in a declared public health emergency. 2. The IPMP shall consider the approved list of pesticide-based controls found in Section S 1. 3. In developing the IPM plan, the permittee shall consult with local governments, state, and federal agencies as needed. B. Pesticide applications shall not commence unless surveillance of a potential application site indicates a larva/pupa count of greater than 1 per 3 dips, unless dead birds, infected horses, or adult mosquito surveys indicate the presence of vector mosquitoes when larvae counts cannot be made due to their inaccessibility. In these cases larviciding may be desirable or even necessary without the larvae dips. C. Pesticide application practices shall be followed that minimize the potential for development of pesticide resistance. D. Spills of pesticides shall be promptly reported to the appropriate local and state authorities. S5. COMPLIANCE SCHEDULE • The permittee shall submit a copy of its Integrated Pest Management Plan(IPMP)no later than February 1, 2003. The IPMP shall be implemented in all aquatic pest control activities engaged in by the permittee. The permittee shall adjust the IPMP in accordance with guidance from Ecology and resubmit the plan according to the direction of Ecology no later than January 1, 2004 or six months after written notification of a need for adjustment from Ecology,whichever occurs latest. The IPMP may be revised by the permittee if based on valid reasons that promote the principles of IPM. PUBLIC NOTIFICATION PROCEDURES P1. PUBLIC NOTICE A. The applicator shall publish a notice in a local newspaper of general circulation (or nearest regional paper if a local paper does not exist) for expected applications of insecticides that have a water-use restriction. B. This legal notice shall be published at least ten (10)days prior to the first pesticide application of the season. This notice shall include: 1. The pesticide(s)to be used and its active ingredient(s) 2. The approximate date range of treatment 3. The approximate location(s)to be treated 4. The water use restrictions or precautions • Page 11 of 16 Permit No. WAG—992000 • 5. The posting procedure 6. The names and phone numbers of the applicator and the appropriate Ecology regional office C. Notification to the public regarding mosquito control activities shall continue throughout the treatment season. Notification may include methods other than notices in a newspaper. P2. POSTING REQUIREMENTS Notification shall be posted at all reasonable points of ingress and egress to the treatment areas when insecticides with water use restrictions are applied to water bodies that are used for water supply, fish and shellfish harvesting, or water contact activities. GENERAL CONDITIONS G1. DISCHARGE VIOLATIONS The permittee shall at all times be responsible for continuous compliance with the terms and conditions of this general permit. The permittee shall be responsible for compliance with any order, directive, or penalty issued by Ecology. G2. PROPER OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE • The permittee shall at all times properly operate and maintain any facilities or systems of control to achieve compliance with the terms and conditions of the general permit. Where design criteria have been established,the permittee shall not allow flows or waste loadings to exceed approved design criteria or approved revisions thereto. G3. RIGHT OF ENTRY The permittee shall allow an authorized representative of Ecology,upon the presentation of credentials and such other documents as may be required by law, at reasonable times: A. To enter upon the permittee's premises in which an effluent source (discharge) is located or in which any records are required to be kept under the terms and conditions of this general permit; B. To have access to and to copy at reasonable costs, any records required to be kept under terms and conditions of the permit; C. To inspect any monitoring equipment or method of monitoring required in this general permit. G4. NOTIFICATION OF CHANGE IN COVERED ACTIVITIES The permittee shall submit a new Application for Coverage to Ecology when facility expansions, production increases, or process modifications will (1) result in new or substantially increased discharges of pollutants or a change in the nature of the discharge of pollutants, or(2)violate the terms and conditions of this general permit. • Page 12 of 16 Permit No. WAG—992000 • G5. REVOCATION OF COVERAGE Pursuant to Chapter 43.21B RCW and Chapter 173-226 WAC,the director may require any discharger authorized by this general permit to apply for and obtain coverage under an individual permit or another more specific and appropriate general permit. Cases where revocation of coverage may be required include,but are not limited to the following: A. Violation of any term or condition of this general permit. B. Obtaining coverage under this general permit by misrepresentation or failure to disclose fully all relevant facts. C. A change in any condition that requires either a temporary or permanent reduction or elimination of the permitted discharge. D. Failure or refusal of the permittee to allow entry as required in RCW 90.48.090. E. A determination that the permitted activity endangers human health or the environment, or significantly contributes to water quality standards violations. F. Nonpayment of permit fees or penalties assessed pursuant to RCW 90.48.465 and Chapter 173-224 WAC. G. Failure of the permittee to satisfy the public notice requirements of WAC 173-226-130(5), when applicable. Permittees who have their coverage revoked for cause according to WAC 173-226-240 may request • temporary coverage under this permit during the time an individual permit is being developed, provided the request is made within 90 days from the time of revocation and is submitted along with a complete individual permit application form. G6. GENERAL PERMIT MODIFICATION OR REVOCATION General permits may be modified, or revoked and reissued, in accordance with the provisions of Chapter 43.21B RCW and Chapter 173-226 WAC. Grounds for modification or revocation and reissuance include,but are not limited to, the following: A. When a change that occurs in the technology or practices for control or abatement of pollutants applicable to the category of dischargers covered under this general permit. B. When effluent limitation guidelines or standards are promulgated pursuant to the FWPCA or Chapter 90.48 RCW for the category of dischargers covered under this general permit. C. When a water quality management plan containing requirements applicable to the category of dischargers covered under this general permit is approved. D. When information is obtained, which indicates that cumulative effects on the environment from dischargers covered under this general permit are unacceptable. • Page 13 of 16 Permit No. WAG—992000 • G7. REPORTING A CAUSE FOR REVOCATION OF COVERAGE A permittee who knows or has reason to believe that any activity has occurred or will occur which would constitute cause for revocation under condition G7 or 40 CFR 122.62 shall report such information to Ecology so that a decision can be made on whether action to revoke coverage under this general permit will be required. Ecology may then require submission of a new Application for Coverage under this or another general permit or an application for an individual permit. Submission of a new application does not relieve the permittee of the duty to comply with all the terms and conditions of the existing general permit until the new application for coverage has been approved. G8. TRANSFER OF PERMIT COVERAGE Coverage under this general permit is automatically transferred to a new discharger if A.A written signed agreement between the old and new discharger containing a specific date for transfer of permit responsibility and coverage is submitted to Ecology; and B. Ecology does not notify the old and new discharger of its intent to revoke coverage under the general permit. If this notice is not given, the transfer is effective on the date specified in the written agreement between the old and new discharger. G9. TOXIC POLLUTANTS • If any applicable toxic effluent standard or prohibition(including any schedule of compliance specified in such effluent standard or prohibition) is established under section 307(a) of the Clean Water Act for a toxic pollutant and that standard or prohibition is more stringent than any limitation upon such pollutant in this general permit,Ecology shall institute proceedings to modify or revoke and reissue this general permit to conform to the new toxic effluent standard or prohibition. G10. OTHER REQUIREMENTS OF TITLE 40 CODE OF FEDERAL REGULATIONS All other applicable requirements of 40 CFR 122.41 and 122.42 are incorporated in this general permit by reference. G11. COMPLIANCE WITH OTHER LAWS AND STATUTES Nothing in the permit shall be construed as excusing the permittee from compliance with any applicable federal, state, or local statutes, ordinances, or regulations. G12.ADDITIONAL MONITORING REQUIREMENTS Ecology may establish specific monitoring requirements in addition to those contained in this general permit by administrative order or permit modification. i Page 14 of 16 Permit No. WAG—992000 G13.REMOVED SUBSTANCES Collected screenings, grit, solids, sludge, filter backwash, or other pollutants removed in the course of treatment or pollution control of wastewaters shall not be resuspended or reintroduced to the final effluent stream for discharge to state waters. Such removed substances shall be lawfully disposed in an appropriate manner and shall comply with Chapter 173-303 WAC and Chapter 173-304 WAC. G14.USE OF ACCREDITED LABORATORIES All monitoring data, except for flow, temperature, settleable solids, total residual chlorine, conductivity,pH, and internal process control parameters, shall be prepared by a laboratory registered or accredited under the provisions of, Accreditation of Environmental Laboratories, Chapter 173-50 WAC. Conductivity and pH shall be accredited if the laboratory must otherwise be registered or accredited. Soils and hazardous waste data are exempted from this requirement pending accreditation of laboratories for the analysis of these media by Ecology. G15.SIGNATORY REQUIREMENTS All applications, reports, or information submitted to Ecology shall be signed and certified. A. All permit applications shall be signed by either a responsible corporate officer of at least the level of vice president of a corporation,a general partner of a partnership,the proprietor of a • sole proprietorship,responsible official, or ranking elected official. B. All reports required by this permit and other information requested by Ecology shall be signed by a person described above or by a duly authorized representative of that person. A person is a duly authorized representative only i£ 1. The authorization is made in writing by a person described above and submitted to Ecology. 2. The authorization specifies either an individual or a position having responsibility for the overall operation of a regulated facility, such as the position of plant manager, superintendent,position of equivalent responsibility, or an individual or position having overall responsibility for environmental matters. (A duly authorized representative may thus be either a named individual or any individual occupying a named position.) C. Changes to authorization. If an authorization under paragraph B.2. above is no longer accurate because a different individual or position has responsibility for the overall operation of the facility, a new authorization satisfying the requirements of paragraph B.2. above must be submitted to Ecology prior to or together with any reports, information, or applications to be signed by an authorized representative. D. Certification. Any person signing a document under this section shall make the following certification: I certify under penalty of law,that this document and all attachments were prepared under my direction or supervision in accordance with a system designed to assure that qualified personnel properly gathered and evaluated the information submitted. Based on my inquiries of the person or • Page 15 of 16 Permit No. WAG—992000 • persons who manage the system, or those persons directly responsible for gathering information, the information submitted is, to the best of my knowledge and belief, true, accurate and complete. I am aware that there are significant penalties for submitting false information, including the possibility of fines and imprisonment for knowing violations. G16.REQUESTS TO BE EXCLUDED FROM COVERAGE UNDER A GENERAL PERMIT Any discharger authorized by this general permit may request to be excluded from coverage under this general permit by applying for an individual permit. The discharger shall submit to the director an application as described in WAC 173-220-040 or WAC 173-216-070,whichever is applicable, with reasons supporting the request. The director shall either issue an individual permit or deny the request with a statement explaining the reason for the denial. G17.APPEALS The terms and conditions of this general permit: A. As they apply to the appropriate class of dischargers are subject to appeal within thirty(30) days of issuance of this general permit in accordance with Chapter 43.21(B) RCW and Chapter 173-226 WAC; and B. As they apply to an individual discharger are subject to appeal in accordance with Chapter 43.21(B)RCW within thirty(30) days of the effective date of coverage of that discharger. • Consideration of an appeal of general permit coverage of an individual discharger is limited to the general permit's applicability or non-applicability to that discharger. Appeal of this general permit coverage of an individual discharger shall not affect any other individual dischargers. If the terms and conditions of this general permit are found to be inapplicable to any discharger(s), the matter shall be remanded to Ecology for consideration of issuance of an individual permit or permits. G18.DUTY TO REAPPLY The permittee shall reapply for coverage under this general permit at least one hundred and eighty (180) days prior to the specified expiration date of this general permit. An expired general permit continues in force and effect until a new general permit is issued or until Ecology cancels it. Only those facilities that reapply for coverage are covered under the continued permit. G19.TERMINATION OF INDIVIDUAL PERMITS Any previously issued individual permit shall remain in effect until terminated in writing by Ecology, except that extension of an expired individual permit(pursuant to WAC 173-220-180(5)) shall terminate upon coverage under this general permit. • Page 16 of 16 Permit No. WAG—992000 G20.TERMINATION OF COVERAGE UPON ISSUANCE OF AN INDIVIDUAL PERMIT • When an individual permit is issued to a discharger otherwise subject to this general permit, the coverage under this general permit for that permittee is terminated on the effective date of the individual permit. G21.ENFORCEMENT Any violation of the terms and conditions of this general permit, the state Water Pollution Control Act, and the federal Clean Water Act, will be subject to the enforcement sanctions, direct and indirect, as provided for in WAC 173-226-250. G22. SEVERABILITY The provisions of this general permit are severable,and if any provision of this general permit, or application of any provision of this general permit to any circumstance, is held invalid, the application of such provision to other circumstances and the remainder of this general permit shall not be affected thereby. G23.PAYMENT OF FEES The permittee shall submit payment of fees associated with this permit as assessed by Ecology. • • � FACT SHEET FOR AQUATIC MOSQUITO CONTROL GENERAL NPD£SP£RMIT � PAGE 2 OF 58 • • • 4/17/2002 Fact Sheet For Aquatic Mosquito Control General NPDES Permit Page 3 of 58 • TABLE OF CONTENTS Page SUMMARY.................................................................................................................................... 5 INTRODUCTION.......................................................................................................................... 5 BACKGROUND INFORMATION ............................................................................................... 7 MOSQUITOLIFE CYCLE.........................................................................................................................8 PUBLIC HEALTH IMPACTS......................................................................................................................9 MANAGEMENT............................................................................................................................ 9 INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT......................................................................................................10 DESCRIPTION OF MOSQUITO CONTROL ACTIVITIES ..................................................... 10 MOSQUITO CONTROL PROGRAMS.......................................................................................................10 CRITERIA FOR COVERAGE UNDER THE GENERAL PERMIT.................................................................11 BACILLUS THURINGIENSIS ISRAELENSIS(BTI):...................................................................................12 BACILLUSSPHAERICUS:........................................................................................................................13 METHOPRENE........................................................................................................................................13 MONOMOLECULAR SURFACE FILMS...................................................................................................14 LARVICIDALOILS..................................................................................................................................14 • CHEMICAL LARVICIDES,ORGANOPHOSPHATES.................................................................................. 14 ENDANGEREDSPECIES........................................................................................................... 15 REGULATORY POLLUTION REDUCTION REQUIREMENTS............................................ 15 TECHNOLOGY BASED WATER QUALITY PROTECTION REQUIREMENTS..........................................15 WATER QUALITY BASED REQUIREMENTS..........................................................................................17 SEDIMENTQUALITY..............................................................................................................................18 SEPACOMPLIANCE..............................................................................................................................18 RECEIVING WATER IDENTIFICATION..................................................................................................18 Eligibility and Geographical Area of Coverage.................................................................................18 PROCEDURE FOR CONDITIONAL APPROVAL FOR THE DISCHARGE OF WASTEWATER CONTAINING PRODUCTS NOT SPECIFIED IN THE CURRENT PERMIT...............................................19 BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES.........................................................................................................20 OTHER PERMIT CONDITIONS................................................................................................20 MONITORING.........................................................................................................................................20 REPORTING AND RECORDKEEPING.....................................................................................................20 LABACCREDITATION ...........................................................................................................................20 SMALL BUSINESS ECONOMIC IMPACT ANALYSIS..........................................................................21 PERMIT MODIFICATIONS......................................................................................................................21 WHEN COVERAGE IS EFFECTIVE.........................................................................................................21 RESPONSIBILITY TO COMPLY WITH OTHER REQUIREMENTS..........................................................21 GENERAL CONDITIONS.........................................................................................................................22 RECOMMENDATION FOR PERMIT ISSUANCE.......................................................................................22 • 4/17/2002 Fact Sheet For Aquatic Mosquito Control General NPDES Permit PAGE 4 OF 58 APPENDIX A—PUBLIC OPPORTUNITY TO COMMENT.................................... ................23 • APPENDIXB -- GLOSSARY.....................................................................................................27 APPENDIX C --RESPONSE TO COMMENTS ........................................................................ 37 • • 4/17/2002 Fact Sheet For Aquatic Mosquito Control General NPDES Permit PAGE 5 OF 58 is FACT SHEET FOR AQUATIC MOSQUITO CONTROL GENERAL NPDES PERMIT SUMMARY The state of Washington Department of Ecology(department)has tentatively determined to issue a general permit for the application of insecticides to control mosquitoes in surface waters of the state of Washington. The use of insecticides is subject to the provisions of integrated pest management plans (IPMs). Monitoring is required in certain situations. Any short term toxicity to aquatic organisms is allowed under the terms of the permit and the water quality modification provisions to perform essential activities that protect public health. The proposed terms, limitations and conditions contained herein are tentative and may be subject to change, subsequent to public comments and testimony provided at public hearings. All facilities accepted under the general permit will not be relieved of any responsibility or liability at any time during the life of the permit for: (1) violating or exceeding state water quality standards; or(2)violating any other local, state, or federal regulation or standard as may pertain to the individual facility. Activities not accepted under the general permit may be required to apply for an individual permit. Any application of insecticide to surface waters of the state requiring NPDES permit • coverage found not covered under either the general permit or an individual permit will be considered to be operating without a discharge permit and subject to potential enforcement action. On March 12, 2001,the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals decided that the application of an herbicide in compliance with the labeling requirements of Federal Insecticide Fungicide Rodenticide Act(FIFRA) did not exempt an irrigation district from needing an NPDES permit (Headwaters, Inc. v. Talent Irrigation District). Ecology, as had many more states, had been issuing orders that were not NPDES permits that placed protective conditions on the use of pesticides in waters of the state. This general permit will replace those short term modifications where pesticide applications are directed into surface waters of the state for the purpose of controlling mosquitoes. INTRODUCTION This fact sheet is a companion document that provides the basis for issuance of the Aquatic Mosquito Control National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System(NPDES) General Permit. The Department of Ecology(the department) is proposing to issue this permit, which will allow discharge of wastes from aquatic insecticide applications and from nonchemical methods to control mosquitoes in surface waters of the state of Washington,which are also waters of the United States,pursuant to the provisions of chapters 90.48, 90.52, and 90.54 Revised Code of • Washington(RCW) and the Federal Water Pollution Control Act(FWPCA) as amended. This 4/17/2002 Fact Sheet For Aquatic Mosquito Control General NPDES Permit PAGE 6 OF 58 • fact sheet explains the nature of the proposed discharges, the department's decisions on limiting the pollutants in the wastewater, and the regulatory and technical basis for these decisions. The Federal Clean Water Act(FCWA, 1972), and later modifications (1977, 1981, and 1987), established water quality goals for the navigable (surface)waters of the United States. One of the mechanisms for achieving the goals of the Clean Water Act is the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System of permits (NPDES permits), which is administered by the Environmental Protection Agency(EPA). The EPA has delegated responsibility to administer the NPDES permit program to the state of Washington on the basis of Chapter 90.48 RCW,which defines the Department of Ecology's authority and obligations in administering the wastewater discharge permit program. The establishment of a general permit for Aquatic Mosquito Control is appropriate due to the similar environmental fate specific to each permitted herbicide, the uniform discharge conditions to which all applications would be subject,the statewide scope of aquatic mosquito control, and the significant reduction of resources necessary for permit handling. However, individual permits will still be considered in those instances where a proposed activity requires more detailed guidance, or when an individual applicator so desires and the department approves. The regulations adopted by the state include procedures for issuing general permits (Chapter 173-226 WAC),water quality criteria for surface waters(Chapters 173-201A WAC), and sediment management standards (Chapter 173-204 WAC). These regulations require that a permit be issued before discharge of wastes to waters of the state is allowed. The regulations also establish the basis for effluent limitations and other requirements which are to be included in the permit. One of the requirements (WAC 173-226-110) for issuing a general permit under the NPDES permit program is the preparation of a draft permit and an accompanying fact sheet. Public notice of the draft permit,public hearings, comment periods, and public notice of issuance are all required before the general permit is issued (WAC 173-226-130). The fact sheet and draft permit have been reviewed by representatives of the potential permittees and other members of a permit advisory group. Errors and omissions identified in this review have been corrected before going to public notice. After the public comment period has closed, the department will summarize the substantive comments and the response to each comment. The summary and response to comments will become part of the file on the permit and parties submitting comments will receive a copy of the department's response. The original fact sheet will not be revised after the public notice is published. Comments and the resultant changes to the permit will be summarized in Appendix D--Response to Comments. • 4/17/2002 Fact Sheet For Aquatic Mosquito Control General NPDES Permit PAGE 7 OF 58 a r �sr Larvaciding with diesel oil BACKGROUND INFORMATION A March 12, 2001 decision by the Ninth Circuit Court in Headwaters, Inc. v. Talent Irrigation District found that the applicator should have obtained coverage under a National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System(NPDES) permit prior to application of aquatic pesticides to an irrigation canal in Oregon. The canal discharged water into a creek where a fish kill occurred. The decision addressed residues and other products of aquatic pesticides. Headwaters, Inc. and Oregon Natural Resources Council filed a Clean Water Act citizen suit against the Talent Irrigation District(TID) for applying aquatic herbicide into a system of irrigation canals. Reversing a district court's opinion, the Ninth Circuit held that application of the pesticide in compliance with the labeling requirements of the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act(FIFRA) did not exempt TID from having to obtain a NPDES permit, and that the irrigation ditches were "waters of the United States" under the Clean Water Act. The Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act of 1979 (FIFRA), as administered by the United States Environmental Protection Agency(EPA),requires that all persons who apply pesticides classified as restricted use be certified according to the provisions of the act or that they work under the supervision of a certified applicator. Commercial and public applicators must demonstrate a practical knowledge of the principles and practices of pest control and safe use of pesticides,which will be accomplished by means of a "core" examination. In addition, applicators using or supervising the use of any restricted use pesticides purposefully applied to standing or running water(excluding applicators engaged in public health related activities)are required to pass an additional exam to demonstrate competency as described in the code of federal regulations as follows: "Aquatic applicators shall demonstrate practical knowledge of the secondary effects which can be caused by improper application rates, incorrect formulations, and faulty application of restricted pesticides used in this category. They shall demonstrate practical knowledge of various water use situations and the potential of downstream effects. Further, they must have • 4/17/2002 Fact Sheet For Aquatic Mosquito Control General NPDES Permit PAGE 8 OF 58 practical knowledge concerning potential pesticide effects on plants, fish birds beneficial • P g gP P p , insects and other organisms which may be present in aquatic environments. Applicants in this category must demonstrate practical knowledge of the principles of limited area application." (40 CFR 171.4) MOSQUITO LIFE CYCLE There are several species of mosquito that readily attack people, and some species are capable of transmitting microbial organisms that cause human diseases such as malaria and encephalitis. The mosquitoes of major concern in Washington belong to the genera Culex, Culiseta, Aedes, and Anopheles. Mosquitoes are classified as Insects of the Diptera order. They undergo a complete metamorphosis,which involves four stages of development, egg, larva,pupa and adult. The first three stages occur in water,but the adult female is an active flying insect that feeds upon the blood of humans and/or animals. The female mosquito lays the eggs directly on water or on moist substrates that may later be flooded with water. The egg later hatches into the larva,which is the stage on which most mosquito districts tend to focus control programs. During the larval stages it continues to feed and grow in size. The larvae go through four growth stages called instars. Once the larva has developed to the fourth instar it stops feeding and pupates. This is a resting period. At this point the biological control(larvicide)no longer works as a control measure because it requires ingestion by the organism. Draining or emptying the water at this point will kill the pupa, as they are unable to live out of water. The larva transforms into the pupa where internal changes occur and the adult mosquito takes form. After a few hours to a few days in the pupal stage, the adult mosquito emerges from the water surface and seeks shelter in shady,moist areas. Adult mosquitoes must find shelter during the heat to avoid dehydration and are most active during the hours from dawn to dusk. After a brief period of rest the adult female goes in search of a blood meal and the cycle continues. The time frame for this is highly variable anywhere from one to three weeks, depending on the temperature of the water. The warmer the water the quicker the development will be. A very small amount of water in a container in the sun will produce a batch of adult mosquitoes very quickly. Mosquito biology can follow two general scenarios. The first involves those species that lay their eggs in masses or rafts on the water's surface. Some of these species,which are found throughout the U.S., often lay their eggs in natural or artificial water-holding containers found in the domestic environment, or in naturally occurring pools. In summer the entire life cycle, from egg to adult, may be completed in a week or less. The second scenario involves Aedes mosquitoes that lay their eggs on moist soil or other substrates in areas that will be flooded with water later. After about two days,these eggs are ready to hatch,but if not flooded, can withstand drying for months and longer. In inland areas of the U.S. where these mosquitoes breed, heavy rains and flooding can produce millions of mosquitoes in a short time. Similar situations occur along coastal areas with mosquitoes adapted 4/17/2002 Fact Sheet For Aquatic Mosquito Control General NPDES Permit PAGE 9 OF 58 • to salt marsh habitats. Some salt marsh mosquitoes are strong fliers and can sometimes travel up to 50 miles from the breeding site. PUBLIC HEALTH IMPACTS Female mosquitoes of nearly all species require blood from vertebrate animals to develop eggs, and many species bite people,pets, and livestock for this purpose. Mosquitoes are found throughout the world and many transmit pathogens which may cause disease. These diseases include mosquito-borne viral encephalitis, dengue, yellow fever,malaria, and filariasis. Most of these diseases have been prominent as endemic or epidemic diseases in the United States in the past,but today, only the insect-borne (arboviral) encephalitides occur annually and dengue occurs periodically in this country. The most important consequence of this is the transmission of microorganisms that cause diseases such as western equine encephalomyelitis and St. Louis encephalitis. Both of these diseases can cause serious, sometimes fatal neurological ailments in people. (Western equine encephalomyelitis virus also causes disease in horses.)Western equine encephalomyelitis infections tend to be more serious in infants while St. Louis encephalitis can be a problem for older people. These viruses are normally infections of birds or small mammals. During such infections, the level of the virus may increase in these infected animals facilitating transmission to humans by mosquitoes. The West Nile virus, which can also cause encephalitis,was found in the • northeastern United States for the first time in 1999, and is a good example of this mode of transmission. Human cases of encephalitis range from mild to very severe illnesses that, in a few cases, can be fatal. Other pathogens transmitted by mosquitoes include a protozoan parasite which causes malaria, and Dirofilaria immitis, a parasitic roundworm and the causative agent of dog heartworm. Disease carrying mosquito species are found throughout the U.S., especially in urban areas and coastal or in inland areas where flooding of low lands frequently occurs. Even when no infectious diseases are transmitted by mosquitoes, they can be a health problem to people and livestock. Mosquito bites can result in secondary infections, allergic reactions,pain, irritation,redness, and itching. MANAGEMENT Mosquitoes are best managed on an area wide basis by public agencies that are either components of local health departments or are independent districts organized specifically for mosquito control. In Washington, there are approximately 12 mosquito and vector control districts. Some are small and have responsibility for mosquito abatement in a few hundred square miles, while the activities of others may encompass one entire county or more. Mosquito control is accomplished by searching out mosquito larvae in standing water and treating the water with a material that kills the larvae. Many materials currently in use are biological in origin and are highly specific for mosquitoes, with little or no effect on other organisms. • 4/17/2002 Fact Sheet For Aquatic Mosquito Control General NPDES Permit PAGE 10 OF 58 • On occasion,mosquito abatement agencies may also apply chemical pesticides to kill adult mosquitoes,but ordinarily only when adult populations become so large that they cause extreme annoyance to many people or when the threat of disease transmission to people is high. Control of irrigation water in agricultural areas to avoid excess runoff is an important mosquito control method, but in recent years, elimination of small bodies of water that can serve as wildlife habitat has ceased to be a mosquito control option because of habitat preservation concerns. INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT Mosquito control activities are important to the public health, and responsibility for carrying out these programs rests with state and local governments. The federal government assists states in emergencies and provides training and consultation in vector and vector-borne disease problems when requested by the states. The current interests in ecology and environmental impact of mosquito control measures, and the increasing problems that have resulted from insecticide resistance emphasize the need for "integrated" control programs. IPM is an ecologically based strategy that relies heavily on natural mortality factors and seeks out control tactics that are compatible with or disrupt these factors as little as possible. IPM includes the use of pesticides, but only after systematic monitoring of mosquito populations indicates a need. Ideally, an IPM program considers all available control actions, including no action, and evaluates the interaction among various control practices, cultural practices,weather, and habitat structure. This approach thus uses a combination of resource management techniques to control mosquito populations with decisions based on surveillance. Fish and game specialists and natural resources biologists • should be involved in planning control measures whenever delicate ecosystems could be impacted by mosquito control practices. A good integrated pest management(IPM)program-- featuring monitoring for high mosquito populations and disease,resident education and action to maximize natural controls and minimize mosquito breeding sites, and larvaciding(killing immature mosquitoes)when necessary--can control mosquitoes more effectively while reducing pesticide exposure to humans and the environment. Insecticides are dispersed only where mosquito larvae are present and not indiscriminately,which is why larvaciding is much sounder than adulticiding. The underlying philosophy of mosquito control is based on the fact that the greatest control impact on mosquito populations will occur when they are concentrated, immobile and accessible. This emphasis focuses on habitat management and controlling the immature stages before the mosquitoes emerge as adults. This policy reduces the need for widespread pesticide application in urban areas. DESCRIPTION OF MOSQUITO CONTROL ACTIVITIES MOSQUITO CONTROL PROGRAMS In response to these potential disease carrying pests, communities organized the earliest mosquito control programs in the eastern U.S. in the early 1900s. Eventually, other communities created similar programs throughout the country in areas where mosquito problems occurred and • 4/17/2002 Fact Sheet For Aquatic Mosquito Control General NPDES Permit PAGE 11 OF 58 • where citizens demanded action b local officials. Modern mosquito control programs in the Y q P � U.S. are multifaceted and include surveillance, source reduction, and a variety of larval and adult mosquito control strategies. Surveillance methods include studying habitats by air, aerial photographs, and topographic maps, and evaluating larval populations. Mosquito control officials also monitor mosquito traps,biting counts, and complaints and reports from the public. Mosquito control activities are initiated once established mosquito threshold populations are exceeded. Seasonal records are kept in concurrence with weather data to predict mosquito larval occurrence and adult flights. Some mosquito control programs conduct surveillance for diseases harbored by birds, including crows, other wild birds, sentinel chicken flocks, and for these diseases in mosquitoes. Source reduction involves eliminating the habitat or modifying the aquatic habitat to prevent mosquitoes from breeding. This measure includes sanitation measures where artificial containers, including discarded automobile tires, which can become mosquito habitats, are collected and properly disposed. Habitat modification may also involve management of impounded water or open marshes to reduce production and survival of the flood water mosquitoes. If habitat modification is not feasible,biological control using fish may be possible. Mosquito control officials often apply biological or chemical larvicides, with selective action and moderate residual activity, to the aquatic habitats. To have the maximum impact on the mosquito population, larvicides are applied during those periods when immature stages are concentrated in the breeding sites and before the adult forms emerge and disperse. • CRITERIA FOR COVERAGE UNDER THE GENERAL PERMIT Applicants for the general permit will be screened based on information in the application. The department will consider whether the applicant has a qualified licensed applicator on staff, familiarity with FIFRA and state requirements, and willingness to develop monitoring plans and an IPM, if not already developed. TABLE 1. PERMITTED INSECTICIDES USED FOR MOSQUITO CONTROL Typical Active ingredient Label use rate Use Products Aquabac Bacillus 0.25 to 2 Larvae control Bactimos thuringiensis pints/acre or up israelensis (Bti) to 10 lbs/acre Vectobac Teknar VectoLexW Bacillus sphaericus 0.5 to 1.5 Larvae control in DG (H-5a5b) lbs/acre water with high organic content • Altosid Methoprene 2 to 20 lbs/acre Larvae control 4/17/2002 Fact Sheet For Aquatic Mosquito Control General NPDES Permit PAGE 12 OF 58 • Agnique Monomolecular 0.2 to 0.5 Larvae and Pupae MMF surface film gal/acre control Golden Bear Petroleum distillate 3 to 5 gal/acre Larvae and Pupae Oil control Bonide Oil Malathion Malathion 0.5 pts/acre Emergency use only Abate Temephos 0.5 to 1.5 Emergency use oz/acre only BACILLUS THURINGIENSIS ISRAELENSIS (BTI): The product known as Bti (Bacillus thuringiensis israeliensis)can be as effective as chemical insecticides in liquid and granular form. Bti is an endospore-forming bacterium that is ingested by the actively feeding larvae. When the bacteria Bti encysts, it produces a protein crystal toxic to mosquito and midge larvae. Once the bacteria have been ingested,the toxin disrupts the lining of the larvae's intestine. Bti is highly selective for the first through third instar of mosquito and • some gnat larvae. It has no effect on a vast array of other aquatic organisms except midges in the same habitat. Bti strains are sold under the names Bactimos®,Teknar®and Vectobac®. Vectobac is formulated by impregnating corn kernels with bacteria known as Bacillus thuringensus. This bacterium is target specific and must be ingested by the target species to be of any effect. Bti is the primary material used for mosquito control because of its low toxicity to non-target species. Bti is highly pathogenic against Culcidae(mosquitoes) and Simuliidae (blackflies) and has some virulence against certain other Diptera, especially Chironomidae(midges). Lepitdopterans are not generally considered susceptible,with some limited exceptions. Timing of treatment is important and Bti must be applied frequently. Bti has been extensively studied for effects on non-target organisms and environmental consequences of use with no reported adverse effects. It is not toxic to bees. According to several studies,when applied at field application rates,Bti has no reported effect on fish and amphibians. Several studies have found no effect on warm-blooded mammals. Labels indicate that direct contact with the products may cause mild to moderate eye or skin irritation. Bti products are available in liquid,pellet and granular formulations. The type of formulation influences persistence,with the pellet/briquette forms having greater persistence. Generally Bti does not persist long after application,with toxicity persisting from 24 hours to over one month when the pelletibriquette formulation is used because of its slow release formula. Because of its specificity, Bti lacks the ability to recycle readily in insect populations. Factors that influence its • 4/17/2002 Fact Sheet For Aquatic Mosquito Control General NPDES Permit PAGE 13 OF 58 • g persistence include UV, agitation, sedimentation, water quality and environmental conditions P such as pH and temperature. BACILLUS SPHAERICUS: B. sphaericus is a naturally occurring, spore-forming bacterium which produces a protein endotoxin at the time of sporulation. The toxin is only active against the larval stage and must be ingested and digested before it becomes activated. B. sphaericus has the unique property of being able to control mosquito larvae in highly organic aquatic environments such as waste lagoons and stormwater catch basins. B. sphaericus is effective against Culex spp; it is less effective against other species.B. sphaericus is not acutely toxic to freshwater and saltwater invertebrates, honeybees,mayfly larvae, does not appear to be harmful to fish and other marine life, and is not toxic to birds on a subchronic basis. In tests,B. sphaericus was not pathogenic, infective nor toxic in laboratory animals by the oral, dermal,pulmonary or intra-venous routes of exposure. In humans,mild skin and eye irritation can occur with direct contact. VectoLex, the trade name for B. sphaericus,persists for 2-4 weeks after a single application at label rates. B. sphaericus may undergo limited recycling in certain organically rich environments, extending the period of larval control. • METHOPRENE Methoprene mimics a natural juvenile hormone, and when present in the larval habitat it keeps immature insects from maturing into adults. Unable to metamorphose,the mosquitoes die in the pupal stage. Methoprene comes in a liquid, granular or pellet form and is applied directly to the water where mosquito larvae are found. When mosquito larvae are exposed to methoprene, their life cycle is disrupted, and they are prevented from reaching maturity or reproducing. Studies indicate that methoprene is of low toxicity and poses little risk to people when used according to label instructions. Methoprene was not shown to have any significant toxicological effects in the standard battery of toxicity studies used to assess Human health effects. The pesticide has very low acute oral and inhalation toxicity potential and is not an eye or skin irritant. Methoprene is also of low acute dermal (skin) toxicity and is not a human skin sensitizer. In laboratory tests,methoprene has been shown to be practically non-toxic to mallard ducks and only slightly toxic to fish. Although it has been observed to be very highly toxic to freshwater invertebrates,results from field studies involving methoprene have shown that it has no lasting adverse effects on populations of invertebrates or other non-target aquatic organisms when used according to label instructions for mosquito control. Negative impacts on aquatic invertebrates were not permanent and the populations were able to recover. Methoprene is not persistent in the environment. It degrades rapidly in water, being susceptible to transformation by sunlight and microorganisms. • 4/17/2002 Fact Sheet For Aquatic Mosquito Control General NPDES Permit PAGE 14 OF 58 • MONOMOLECULAR SURFACE FILMS MSF is a non-petroleum surface oil that acts as a physicochemical agent by altering the mosquito's habitat. It belongs to the alcohol ethoxylate group of surfactants, which are used in detergent products. MSF disrupts the cohesive properties,which allow mosquitoes to use the water's surface as an interface for breeding. By making the surface "wetter", MSF in effect drowns mosquitoes. MSF kills larvae and pupae by making it impossible for them to keep their breathing tubes above the water's surface. It also kills adult females by entrapping and drowning them when they contact the surface to lay their eggs. Since MSF kills mosquitoes with a physical mechanism (rather than a toxic mechanism), it is not effective in habitats with persistent unidirectional winds of greater than ten miles per hour, or in areas with very choppy water Some species such as the midge, and some arthropods that require attachment to the water surface have been shown to be affected. MMF is non-toxic to most non-target wildlife. The green tree frog progressed normally from tadpole to adult through several generations after being exposed to a constant film presence for six months. MMF is not a skin irritant, is only a mild eye irritant on prolonged or repeated contact, and is considered to be non-toxic by animal tests. As with all pesticides,direct contact should be avoided. The film persistence is dependent on temperature, water flow, amount of bacteria in the water, • and the duration and strength of the wind following application. Average persistence under standard use conditions is 5 - 14 days at recommended dosage rates. LARVICIDAL OILS Oils have been used for mosquito control for more than a century. Golden Bear 11110 is a light viscosity oil that spreads quickly and evenly over the water surface,preventing larvae and pupae from obtaining oxygen through the surface film. Oils have always been used as a product of last resort for the control of mosquito pupae, since this stage does not feed but does require oxygen. The only other option would be draining the source. Closer surveillance and timing of other agents and techniques can greatly reduce the need for larvicidal oils. Golden Bear forms a thin sheet of oil on the surface water and persists for 12 to 15 hours. It suffocates many aquatic insects by interfering with the insects'breathing tubes. Apparently, Golden Bear does not affect fish directly because the oil remains on the water's surface for only a short period,then evaporates. In fish-bearing waters, it may affect fish indirectly by depleting their food source. Aquatic invertebrates, amphibians, waterfowl; and forbearers may be deleteriously affected. Consequently,to determine whether any species of concern(endangered, threatened, and/or economically valuable) inhabit the area to be treated, coordination with the Department of Fish and Wildlife and Department of Natural Resources'Natural Heritage Program is required before Golden Bear oil may be used. is 4/17/2002 Fact Sheet For Aquatic Mosquito Control General NPDES Permit PAGE 15 OF 58 • CHEMICAL LARVICIDES, ORGANOPHOSPHATES Costs and complexity of mosquito control have increased markedly since the passage of the Environmental Protection Act in 1969. The increasing number of governmental regulations and permitting bodies, rising costs of alternative chemicals, and the spreading resistance of many vector species to existing pesticides have almost completely changed or eliminated the use of chemical control agents. The emergency use of malathion and temephos is retained under this permit with the permission of the Dept of Health and Ecology. The two situations where malathion and temephos may be used are in response to pesticide resistance and where a public health emergency has been declared. The primary application methods in aquatic mosquito larvae and pupa control are: 1. Hand application: Broadcast spreaders,backpack granulators and liquid sprayers are used to spread control materials either mounted on ATVs or carried by the applicator. 2.Aerial applications: Aerial applications normally use a conventional spray boom to improve coverage with the smaller volume of spray solution applied per acre. The spray produces a large droplet size at low pressure and low volume. The pilot monitors the flow rate to minimize pressure and controls drift additionally through application during lower air temperatures and low wind speed. • ENDANGERED SPECIES Currently, EPA is developing a program("The Endangered Species Protection Program")to identify all pesticides whose use may cause adverse impacts on endangered and threatened species and to implement mitigation measures that will eliminate the adverse impacts. The program would require use restrictions to protect endangered and threatened species at the county level. In the future, EPA plans to publish a description of the Endangered Species Program in the Federal Register and have available voluntary county-specific bulletins. REGULATORY POLLUTION REDUCTION REQUIREMENTS Federal and state regulations require that effluent limitations set forth in a NPDES permit must be either technology-or water quality-based. Technology-based limitations are set by regulation or developed on a case-by-case basis (40 CFR 125.3, and Chapter 173-220 WAC). Water quality-based limitations are based upon compliance with the Surface Water Quality Standards (Chapter 173-201A WAC), Ground Water Standards (Chapter 173-200 WAC), Sediment Quality Standards (Chapter 173-204 WAC)or the National Toxics Rule (Federal Register, Volume 57, No. 246,Tuesday, December 22, 1992). The more stringent of these two limits must be chosen for each of the parameters of concern. TECHNOLOGY BASED WATER QUALITY PROTECTION REQUIREMENTS Sections 301, 302, 306, and 307 of the FWPCA established discharge standards,prohibitions, • and limits based on pollution control technologies. These technology-based limits are "best 4/17/2002 Fact Sheet For Aquatic Mosquito Control General NPDES Permit PAGE 16 OF 58 practical control technology (BPT), best available technology economically achievable (BAT), and "best conventional pollutant control technology economically achievable" (BCT). Compliance with BPTBATBCT may be established using a "best professional judgment" (BPJ) determination. The state has similar technology-based limits that are described as "all known, available and reasonable methods of control,prevention, and treatment" (AKART)methods. AKART is referred to in state law under RCW 90.48.010, RCW 90.48.520, 90.52.040 and RCW 90.54.020. The federal technology-based limits and AKART are similar but not equivalent. AKART: (1) may be established for an industrial category or on a case-by-case basis; (2)may be more stringent than Federal regulations; and(3) includes not only treatment,but also BMPs such as prevention and control methods (i.e. waste minimization, waste/source reduction, or reduction in total contaminant releases to the environment). The department and the federal Environmental Protection Agency(EPA)concur that,historically,most discharge permits have determined AKART as equivalent to BPJ determinations. The pesticide application industry has been regulated by EPA under the terms of the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act, (FIFRA). Use of pesticides is regulated by label use requirements developed by EPA. In developing label use requirements, EPA requires the pesticide manufacturer to register each pesticide and provide evidence that the pesticide will work as promised and that unacceptable environmental harm will be minimized. The standards for environmental protection are different between the CWA and FIFRA. It is the intent of this general permit to authorize mosquito control in a manner that also complies • with federal and other state requirements. All WWDPs issued by the department must incorporate requirements to implement reasonable prevention,treatment and control of pollutants. The legislature established in the Washington Pesticide Control Act that prevention of pollution in this case is reasonable in the context of an Integrated Pest Management Plan. IPMs require the investigation of all control options,but stop short of requiring nonchemical pest controls as the preferred option. The goal of IPMs is to establish the most effective means of control whether biological, chemical,nonchemical, or a combination. Most mosquito control strategies are such a combination. Treatment of the pollutants addressed in this permit is difficult due to the diffuse nature and low concentrations that exist after the pesticides have become waste. The Talent decision established that aquatic pesticides become waste in the water after the pesticide has performed its intended action and the target organisms are controlled. Treatment of waters where pesticide residues threaten to cause unacceptable environmental harm may be needed in some situations,but not routinely. • 4/17/2002 Fact Sheet For Aquatic Mosquito Control General NPDES Permit PAGE 17 OF 58 • WATER RE BASED QUALITY UIREMENTS Q Q The mosquito control activities affect surface waters of the state. These waters are protected by chapter 173-201A WAC, Water Quality Standards for Surface Waters of the State of Washington. The purpose of these standards is to establish the highest quality of state waters, through the reduction or elimination of contaminant discharges to the waters of the state, consistent with: public health;public enjoyment; the propagation and protection of fish, shellfish, and wildlife; and existing and future beneficial uses. This purpose is reached, in part,by compliance with the limitations, terms and conditions of the General Permit. The mosquito control activities which discharge, directly or indirectly,to surface waters shall be required to meet the state water quality standards for Class A and Class AA surface waters as given in chapter 173-201A WAC. The characteristic beneficial uses of Class AA and A surface waters include,but are not limited to, the following: domestic, industrial and agricultural water supply; stock watering; the spawning,rearing, migration and harvesting of fish; the spawning, rearing and harvesting of shellfish; wildlife habitat;recreation(primary contact, sport fishing, boating, and aesthetic enjoyment of nature); commerce and navigation. RCW 90.48.035 authorizes establishment of water quality standards for waters of the state. The state has implemented water quality standards in chapter 173-201A WAC. All waste discharge permits issued pursuant to NPDES or SWD regulations are conditioned in such a manner that all authorized discharges shall meet state water quality standards. Standards include an • "antidegradation"policy which states that beneficial uses shall be protected. The department has deemed that, when properly applied and handled in accordance with the terms and conditions of the general permit, mosquito control activities will comply with state water quality standards,will maintain and protect the existing characteristic beneficial uses of the surface waters of the state, and will protect human health.New information regarding previously unknown environmental and human health risks may cause reopening of the general permit. No mixing or dilution zone shall be authorized to the permit holder for any discharge to surface waters under this general permit. The short term water quality modification provisions of the permit will allow the discharges authorized by the general permit to cause a temporary diminishment of some beneficial uses while the water body is altered to protect public health and promote public enjoyment and quality of life. The short term modification will be short in that the actual impairment will be short lived, while the overall availability of authorization extends through the term of the permit. The integrated pest management plan to be developed prior to the second year of the general permit term satisfies the regulatory requirement for a long term plan that allows short term modifications to extend for five years. The activities authorized by this general permit do not have a reasonable potential to cause a violation of state water quality standards (WAC 173-201A) so long as the activities are allowed under the short term water quality mod. The water quality mod provides for an exception to meeting certain provisions of the state water quality standards such as meeting all beneficial uses all the time. Activities covered under this permit are allocated a temporary zone of impact on • beneficial uses, but the impact must be transient, and must allow for full restoration of water 4/17/2002 Fact Sheet For Aquatic Mosquito Control General NPDES Permit PAGE 18 OF 58 quality and protection of beneficial uses upon project completion. The conditions of this permit • constitute the requirements of a short term water quality modification. Washington's water quality standards now include 91 numeric health-based criteria that must be considered in NPDES permits. These criteria were promulgated for the state by the U.S. EPA in its National Toxics Rule (Federal Register, Volume 57,No. 246, Tuesday, December 22, 1992). The department has determined that the applicant's discharge does not contain chemicals of concern based on existing data or knowledge. The discharge will be re-evaluated for impacts to human health at the next permit reissuance. SEDIMENT QUALITY The department has promulgated aquatic sediment standards(Chapter 173-204 WAC)to protect aquatic biota and human health. These standards state that the department may require permit holders to evaluate the potential for the discharge to cause a violation of applicable standards (WAC 173-204-400). The department has determined through a review of the discharger characteristics and effluent characteristics that this discharge has no reasonable potential to violate the sediment management standards. SEPA COMPLIANCE • Mosquito control activities have undergone numerous environmental impact evaluations. The use of pesticides is conditioned to mitigate environmental impacts of concern noted in these evaluations. This general permit will undergo SEPA. The conditions of this permit should satisfy any water quality related SEPA concerns. RECEIVING WATER IDENTIFICATION Eligibility and Geographical Area of Coverage For the purposes of the general permit,the mosquito control activities for which the general permit is valid include surface waters of the entire state. Mosquito control activities are scattered throughout the state. MCDs are located in the following counties or areas: Adams County, Benton County, Camano Island, Clark County, Cowlitz County, Curlew (Ferry County), Grant County, Southwest Washington, Rosalia(Whitman County), Columbia and Touchet-Lowden area(Walla Walla County), and Yakima County. Other areas may be treated by private operators. More MCDs may be formed and more places may be treated by contract, especially urban areas. This will occur rapidly if mosquito born diseases begin showing up in the state. • 4/17/2002 Fact Sheet For Aquatic Mosquito Control General NPDES Permit PAGE 19 OF 58 • Mosquito districts and other pesticide applicators are required to be covered b the general q P pP q Y permit for the following pre adult life stage pesticide activities which occur in surface waters of the state: 1) Into water bodies that are contiguous with rivers, creeks, and lakes, or 2) Into navigable waters, or 3) In other situations as determined by the department. Some mosquito larvacide applications are a low priority because of minimal environmental impact,particularly when compared with the desirability of mosquito control. These situations are derived in part from exclusions to the definition of"waters of the United States"in 33CFR Part 328.3. These include: 1) On land which is in agricultural use where the mosquito control is performed in inconsequential areas such as puddles,hoof prints, or intermittent wet areas, where treatment would have no environmental impact except to mosquito larvae, or 2) In man-made retention or detention ponds for wastewater or stormwater treatment. These situations are described so that the department and the mosquito control industry are not burdened by oversight and permit requirements in situations where a permit would add no • additional environmental protection of beneficial uses. The department prefers to focus on the more significant water quality threats for permitting as opposed to the less significant ones that won't adversely affect water quality or related habitat. Much of the mosquito control work consists of applying larvacides in seasonal, isolated, and shallow ponds and agricultural land where no fish are present and the larvacide has no impact on wildlife other than mosquitoes. PROCEDURE FOR CONDITIONAL APPROVAL FOR THE DISCHARGE OF WASTEWATER CONTAINING PRODUCTS NOT SPECIFIED IN THE CURRENT PERMIT The industry indicated that they might lose the use of some pesticides in the current EPA re- registration process and were concerned about the length of time necessary to do a permit modification to allow the use of a new product. In response to this concern a procedure will be developed to allow conditional use of a new product until the next permit renewal. This procedure will require the industry to submit a risk assessment for the department's approval. This risk assessment must contain 1)verification that the new product will meet the specified general conditions and prohibitions, 2)contain certain specified information about the product and its environmental fate, and 3) specify a monitoring plan to verify performance. Based upon the information in the risk assessment the department will either grant or deny conditional approval for the use of the new product. • 4/17/2002 Fact Sheet For Aquatic Mosquito Control General NPDES Permit PAGE 20 OF 58 BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES • The industry should continue to examine the possibility of alternatives to reduce the need for aquatic pesticides. Such methods include: 1) Applying pesticide only when mosquito larvae are present at a level that will constitute a nuisance. 2) Using the least intrusive method of pesticide application. 3) All errors in application and spills are reported to the proper authority. 4) No spraying of adult mosquitoes over surface waters of the state. 5) Informing the public of planned spray activities. 6) Public education efforts to reduce potential mosquito breeding habitat. 7) Applying a decision matrix concept to the choice of the most appropriate formulation. 8) Staff training in the proper application of pesticides and handling of spills. Labels specify some additional BMPs An important goal of the first permit cycle is to reinforce the concept of reduction in pesticide residuals. A reduction in the discharge of pollutants to waters of the state can be achieved by using proper BMPs,which include integrated pest management and alternative pest control procedures. While many aquatic pesticide applications are already using proper IPMs, some are not adequate to meet the terms and conditions of the general permit that has been developed to • protect the quality of state waters. OTHER PERMIT CONDITIONS MONITORING Monitoring of residual pesticides may be required to confirm assumptions of safety when applications are performed in compliance with the FIFRA label and state requirements. A permit holder may propose and gain approval for a monitoring plan in lieu of monitoring each application. The permit holder may optionally participate in a group monitoring effort. The intent is to gather information to confirm the assumptions of persistence and toxicity relative to the rate of application. This information may better define the period of temporary diminishment of beneficial uses. REPORTING AND RECORDKEEPING The conditions of S3. are based on the authority to specify any appropriate reporting and recordkeeping requirements to prevent and control waste discharges (WAC 173-226-090). LAB ACCREDITATION is 4/17/2002 Fact Sheet For Aquatic Mosquito Control General NPDES Permit PAGE 21 OF 58 • With the exception of certain parameters the permit requires all monitoring data to be prepared P P p q by a laboratory registered or accredited under the provisions of Chapter 173-50 WAC, Accreditation of Environmental Laboratories. SMALL BUSINESS ECONOMIC IMPACT ANALYSIS The general permit requires compliance with federal and state laws and regulations and places no disproportionate burden on small business. The monitoring is flexible and meeting pesticide label requirements is already required under FIFRA. PERMIT MODIFICATIONS The department may modify this permit to impose new or modified numerical limitations, if necessary to meet Water Quality Standards for Surface Waters, Sediment Quality Standards, or Water Quality Standards for Ground Waters,based on new information obtained from sources such as inspections, effluent monitoring, or department approved engineering reports. The department may also modify this permit because of new or amended state or federal regulations. WHEN COVERAGE IS EFFECTIVE Unless the department either responds in writing to any facility's Application for Coverage or obtains relevant written public comment, coverage under this general permit of such a facility • will commence on the later of the following: • The fourteenth day following receipt by the department of a completed and approved Application for Coverage; • The thirty-first (3 l')day following the end of a thirty (30) day public comment period; or • The effective date of the general permit. If the department responds in writing to any facility's Application for Coverage or obtains relevant written public comment, coverage under this general permit of such a facility will not commence until the department is satisfied with the results obtained from written correspondence with the individual facility and/or the public commenter. RESPONSIBILITY TO COMPLY WITH OTHER REQUIREMENTS The department has established, and will enforce, limits and conditions expressed in the general permit for the discharge of wastes containing various pesticides registered for use by the EPA and the Washington State Department of Agriculture. These agencies will enforce the use, storage and disposal requirements expressed on pesticide labels. The Permit holder must comply with both the pesticide label requirements and the general permit conditions. The general permit does not supersede or preempt federal or state label requirements or any other applicable laws and regulations. General permit Condition G 15 reminds the permit holder of this fact. • 4/17/2002 Fact Sheet For Aquatic Mosquito Control General NPDES Permit PAGE 22 OF 58 • GENERAL CONDITIONS General Conditions are based directly on state and federal law and regulations and are included in all aquatic pesticide general permits. RECOMMENDATION FOR PERMIT ISSUANCE The general permit meets all statutory requirements for authorizing a wastewater discharge, including those limitations and conditions believed necessary to control toxics,protect human health, aquatic life, and the beneficial uses of waters of the state of Washington. The department proposes that the general permit be issued for five (5)years. • • 4/17/2002 Fact Sheet For Aquatic Mosquito Control General NPDES Permit PAGE 23 OF 58 • APPENDIX A - PUBLIC OPPORTUNITY TO COMMENT 4/17/2002 Fact Sheet For Aquatic Mosquito Control General NPDES Permit PAGE 24 OF 58 • • • 4/17/2002 Fact Sheet For Aquatic Mosquito Control General NPDES Permit PAGE 25 OF 58 • PUBLIC COMMENT AND INFORMATION A Public Notice of Draft (PNOD) was published in the State Register on February 6, 2002. A public hearing on the draft General Permit will be held on March 12 in the city of Ellensburg at Hal Holmes center. A one hour workshop to explain proposed changes and answer questions will be held immediately preceding the hearings. Interested persons are invited to submit comments regarding the proposed issuance of the General Permit. Comments on the general permit may be delivered at the public hearings as either written or oral testimony. Written comments may also be submitted to the Ecology Office at the address below: Washington State Department of Ecology Water Quality Program Attention: Kathleen Emmett, General Permits Manager PO Box 7600 Olympia, WA 98504-7600 All comments must be submitted by 5 p.m. on March 12, 2002 to be considered in the final permit determination. A responsiveness summary will be prepared and available for public review. It will be sent to all parties who submitted comments by the deadline. • The proposed and final general permit, fact sheet, application form, and other related documents are on file and may be inspected and copied from Ecology WebPages: http•//www.ecy.wa.gov/programs/wq/herbicides/npdes develp.html and between the hours of 8:00 a.m. and 4:30 p.m.weekdays at the following Department locations: Washington State Department of Ecology Washington State Department of Ecology Central Regional Office Eastern Regional Office 15 West Yakima Avenue, Suite 200 North 4601 Monroe, Suite 202 Yakima, WA 98902 Spokane, WA 99205 (509) 454-7298 (509) 456-2874 TDD (509) 454-7673 TDD (509) 458-2055 FAX(509) 575-2809 FAX (509)456-6175 Contact: Ray Latham Contact: Nancy Weller Washington State Department of Ecology Washington State Department of Ecology Northwest Regional Office Southwest Regional Office 3190 - 160th Ave. SE PO Box 47775 Bellevue, WA 98008-5452 Olympia,WA 98504-7775 (425) 649-7133 (360) 407-6300 TDD (435) 649-4259 TDD (360) 407-6306 FAX(425)649-7098 FAX (360)407-6305 Contact: Tricia Shoblom Contact: Janet Boyd • 4/17/2002 Fact Sheet For Aquatic Mosquito Control General NPDES Permit PAGE 26 OF 58 • • • 4/17/2002 Fact Sheet For Aquatic Mosquito Control General NPDES Permit PAGE 27 OF 58 • APPENDIX B -- GLOSSARY 4/17/2002 Fact Sheet For Aquatic Mosquito Control General NPDES Permit PAGE 28 OF 58 • • 4/17/2002 Fact Sheet For Aquatic Mosquito Control General NPDES Permit PAGE 29 OF 58 • DEFINITIONS "Administrator" means the administrator of the EPA. "Antidegradation Policy" is as stated in WAC 173-201A-070. "Authorized representative" means: 1. If the entity is a corporation, the president, secretary, treasurer, or a vice-president of the corporation in charge of a principal business function, or any other person who performs similar policy or decision-making functions for the corporation, or the manager of one or more manufacturing,production, or operation facilities, if authority to sign documents has been assigned or delegated to the manager in accordance with corporate procedures; 2. If the entity is a partnership or sole proprietorship,a general partner or proprietor, respectively; and 3. If the entity is a federal, state or local governmental facility, a director or the highest official appointed or designated to oversee the operation and performance of the activities of the government facility, or his/her designee. • The individuals described in paragraphs 1 through 3, above,may designate another authorized representative if the authorization is in writing, the authorization specifies the individual or position responsible, and the written authorization is submitted to the department. "Best management practices (BMPs)" means schedules of activities,prohibitions of practices, maintenance procedures, and other management practices to prevent or reduce the pollution of waters of the state and their sediments. BMPs also include,but are not limited to, treatment requirements, operating procedures, and practices to control plant site runoff, spillage or leaks, sludge or waste disposal, or drainage from raw material storage. "Certified applicator" means any individual who is licensed as a commercial pesticide applicator, commercial pesticide operator,public operator,private-commercial applicator, demonstration and research applicator, or certified private applicator, or any other individual who is certified by the director to use or supervise the use of any pesticide which is classified by the EPA or the director as a restricted use pesticide. "Code of Federal Regulations (CFR)" means a codification of the general and permanent rules published in the Federal Register by the executive departments and agencies of the federal government. Environmental regulations are in Title 40. "Composite sample" means the combined mixture of not less than four(4) "discrete samples" taken at selected intervals based on an increment of either flow or time. Volatile pollutant • discrete samples must be combined in the laboratory immediately prior to analysis. Each discrete 4/17/2002 Fact Sheet For Aquatic Mosquito Control General NPDES Permit PAGE 30 OF 58 sample shall be of not less than 200 ml and shall be collected and stored in a •p accordance with procedures prescribed in the most recent edition of Standard Methods for Examination of Water and Wastewater27. "Conveyance" means a mechanism for transporting water or wastewater from one location to another location including,but not limited to, pipes, ditches, and channels. "Daily maximum" means the greatest allowable value for any calendar day. "Daily minimum" means the smallest allowable value for any calendar day. "Dangerous waste" means the full universe of wastes regulated by Chapter 173-303 WAC, including hazardous waste. "Degrees C" means temperature measured in degrees Celsius. "Degrees F" means temperature measured in degrees Fahrenheit. "Department" means the Washington State Department of Ecology. "Detention" means the collection of water into a temporary storage device with the subsequent release of water either at a rate slower than the collection rate,or after a specified time period has • passed since the time of collection. "Director" means the director of the Washington State Department of Ecology or his/her authorized representative. "Discharger" means an owner or operator of any "facility", 'operation", or activity subject to regulation under Chapter 90.48 RCW. "Discrete sample" means an individual sample which is collected from a wastestream on a one- time basis without consideration to flow or time, except that aliquot collection time should not exceed fifteen(15)minutes in duration. "Effluent limitation" means any restriction established by the local government, the department, and EPA on quantities,rates, and concentrations of chemical,physical,biological, and/or other effluent constituents which are discharged from point sources to any site including, but not limited to,waters of the state. "Environmental Protection Agency(EPA)" means the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency or,where appropriate, the term may also be used as a designation for a duly authorized official of said agency. "Erosion" means the wearing away of the land surface by movements of water,wind, ice,or other agents including,but not limited to, such geological processes as gravitational creep. • 4/17/2002 Fact Sheet For Aquatic Mosquito Control General NPDES Permit PAGE 31 OF 58 • "Existing P means an operation operation" which commenced activities resulting in a discharge, or potential discharge,to waters of the state prior to the effective date of the general permit for which a request for coverage is made. "Facility" means the actual individual premises owned or operated by a "discharger" where process or industrial wastewater is discharged. "FWPCA" means the Federal Water Pollution Control Act(33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.), as now or as it may be amended. "General permit" means a permit which covers multiple dischargers of a point source category within a designated geographical area, in lieu of individual permits being issued to each discharger. "Gpd" means gallons per day. "Grab sample" is synonymous with "discrete sample". "Ground water" means any natural occurring water in a saturated zone or stratum beneath the surface or land or a surface water body. Hazardous waste" means those wastes designated by 40 CFR Part 261, and regulated by the • EPA. "Individual permit" means a discharge permit for a single point source or a single facility. "Industrial wastewater" means water or liquid-carried waste from industrial or commercial processes, as distinct from domestic wastewater. These wastes may result from any process or activity of industry,manufacture, trade or business, from the development of any natural resource, or from animal operations such as feedlots, poultry house, or dairies. The term includes contaminated storm water and also, leachate from solid waste facilities. "Mg/L" means milligrams per liter and is equivalent to parts per million(ppm). "Monthly average" means that value determined by the summation of the instantaneous measurements during any single month divided by the number of instantaneous measurements collected during that same single month. "Municipal sewerage system" means a publicly owned domestic wastewater facility or a privately owned domestic wastewater facility that is under contract to a municipality. "New operation" means an operation which commenced activities which result in a discharge, or a potential discharge, to waters of the state on or after the effective date of an applicable general permit. • 4/17/2002 Fact Sheet For Aquatic Mosquito Control General NPDES Permit PAGE 32 OF 58 • "NPDES" means the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System under section 402 of FWPCA. "Operation" is synonymous with "facility". "Party" means an individual, firm, corporation, association,partnership, co-partnership, consortium, company,joint venture, commercial entity, industry, private corporation,port district, special purpose district, irrigation district, trust, estate, unit of local government, state government agency, federal government agency, Indian tribe, or any other legal entity whatsoever, or their legal representatives, agents, or assignee. "Permit" means an authorization, license, or equivalent control document issued by the department to implement Chapter 173-200 WAC, Chapter 173-216 WAC and/or Chapter 173- 226 WAC. "Person" is synonymous with "party". "pH" means the logarithm of the reciprocal of the mass of hydrogen ions in grams per liter of solution.Neutral water, for example,has a pH value of 7 and a hydrogen-ion concentration of 10-7. pH is a measure of a substance's corrosivity(acidity or alkalinity). "Point source" means any discernible, confined and discrete conveyance including,but not • limited to, any pipe, ditch, channel,tunnel, conduit,well, discrete fissure, container, rolling stock, concentrated animal feeding operation, or vessel or other floating craft, from which pollutants are or may be discharged. This term does not include return flows from irrigated agriculture. "Pollutant" means any substance discharged, if discharged directly,would alter the chemical, physical,thermal,biological, or radiological integrity of the waters of the state, or would be likely to create a nuisance or render such waters harmful, detrimental or injurious to the public health, safety or welfare, or to any legitimate beneficial use, or to any animal life, either terrestrial or aquatic. Pollutants include,but are not limited to,the following: dredged spoil, solid waste, incinerator residue, filter backwash, sewage, garbage, sewage sludge,munitions, chemical wastes,biological materials,radioactive materials,heat, wrecked or discarded equipment,rock, sand, cellar dirt,pH, temperature, TSS, turbidity, color, BOD5i TDS,toxicity, odor and industrial,municipal, and agricultural waste. "Priority pollutant" means those substances listed in the federal 40 CFR Part 423, Appendix A, or as may be amended. "Process wastewater" means water which, during manufacturing or processing, comes into direct contact with or results from the production or use of any raw material, intermediate product, finished product,by-product, or waste product. "Publicly owned treatment works (POTW)" is synonymous with "municipal sewerage • system". 4/17/2002 Fact Sheet For Aquatic Mosquito Control General NPDES Permit PAGE 33 OF 58 • "Reasonable times" means at any time during normal business hours; hours during which production, treatment, or discharge occurs; or times when the department suspects occurrence of a violation. "Regional administrator" means the regional administrator of Region X of the EPA or his/her authorized representative. "Retention" means the collection of water into a permanent storage device,with no subsequent release of water. "Severe property damage" means substantial physical damage to property, damage to the pretreatment facilities or treatment/disposal facilities which causes them to become inoperable, or substantial and permanent loss of natural resources which can reasonably be expected to occur in the absence of a bypass. Severe property damage does not mean economic loss caused by delays or losses in production. "Shall" is mandatory. "Significant" is synonymous with "substantial". "Significant process change" means any change in a facility's processing nature which will result in new or substantially increased discharges of pollutants or a change in the nature of the • discharge of pollutants, or violate the terms and conditions of this general permit, including but not limited to, facility expansions,production increases, or process modifications. "Site" means the land or water area where any "facility", "operation", or"activity" is physically located or conducted, including any adjacent land used in connection with such facility, operation, or activity. "Site" also means the land or water area receiving any effluent discharged from any facility, operation, or activity. "Small business" has the meaning given in RCW 43.31.025(4). "Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) Code" means a classification pursuant to the Standard Industrial Classification Manual issued by the U.S. Office of Management and Budget. "State" means the state of Washington. "Substantial" means any difference in any parameter including, but not limited to, the following: monitoring result,process characteristic,permit term or condition; which the department considers to be of significant importance, value, degree, amount, or extent. "Surface waters of the state" means all waters defined as "waters of the United States" in 40 CFR 122.2 within the geographic boundaries of the state of Washington. This includes lakes, rivers,ponds, streams, inland waters, salt waters and all other surface waters and watercourses within the jurisdiction of the state of Washington. • 4/17/2002 Fact Sheet For Aquatic Mosquito Control General NPDES Permit PAGE 34 OF 58 Total suspended solids (TSS) means total suspended matter that either floats on the surface of, or is in suspension in water or wastewater, expressed in mg/L. "Toxic amounts" means any amount, i.e., concentration or volume, of a pollutant which causes, or could potentially cause, the death of, or injury to, fish, animals, vegetation or other desirable resources of the state, or otherwise causes, or could potentially cause, a reduction in the quality of the state's waters below the standards set by the department or,if no standards have been set, causes significant degradation of water quality, thereby damaging the same. "Toxics" means those substances listed in the federal priority pollutant list and any other pollutant or combination of pollutants listed as toxic in regulations promulgated by the EPA under section 307 of the FWPCA(33 U.S.C. 1317 et seq.), or the department under Chapter 173- 200 WAC, Chapter 173-201A WAC, or Chapter 173-204 WAC. ►'Unirrigated" means any lands having not been irrigated within 10 days prior to, or within 60 days after the application of any wastestream. "Upset" means an exceptional incident in which a discharger unintentionally and temporarily is in a state of noncompliance with permit effluent limitations due to factors beyond the reasonable control of the discharger. An upset does not include noncompliance to the extent caused by operational error, improperly designed treatment facilities, inadequate treatment facilities, lack of preventative maintenance, or careless or improper operation thereof. • "Wastewater" means liquid-carried human wastes or a combination of liquid-carried waste from residences,business buildings, or industrial establishments. "Waters of the state" means all waters defined as "surface waters of the state" and all waters defined as "waters of the state" in RCW 90.40.020. "Water quality" means the chemical,physical,biological characteristics of water, usually in respect to its suitability for a particular purpose. "Water Quality Preservation Area (WQPA)"means waters which have been designated as high quality waters based upon one or more of the following criteria: 1. Waters in designated federal and state parks,monuments,preserves, wildlife refuges, wilderness areas,marine sanctuaries, estuarine research reserves, and wild and scenic rivers; 2. Aquatic habitat having exceptional importance to one or more life stage of a candidate of listed priority species, established by the state Department of Fish &Wildlife, or a federally proposed or listed threatened or endangered species; 3. Rare aquatic habitat, ecological reference sites, or other waters having unique and exceptional ecological or recreational significance. • 4/17/2002 Fact Sheet For Aquatic Mosquito Control General NPDES Permit PAGE 35 OF 58 • "Water quality standards" means the state of Washington's water quality standards for ground q tY g q tY waters of the state (Chapter 173-200 WAC)and the state of Washington's water quality standards for surface waters of the state (Chapter 173-201A WAC). In the absence of other definitions as set forth herein,the definitions as set forth in 40 CFR Part 403.3 shall be used for circumstances concerning the discharge of wastes. • 4/17/2002 Fact Sheet For Aquatic Mosquito Control General NPDES Permit PAGE 36 OF 58 • i 4/17/2002 Fact Sheet For Aquatic Mosquito Control General NPDES Permit PAGE 37 OF 58 • APPENDIX C -- RESPONSE TO COMMENTS 4/17/2002 Fact Sheet For Aquatic Mosquito Control General NPDES Permit PAGE 38 OF 58 • • • 4/17/2002 Fact Sheet For Aquatic Mosquito Control General NPDES Permit PAGE 39 OF 58 • AQUATIC MOSQUITO CONTROL GENERAL PERMIT RESPONSE TO COMMENTS RECEIVED DURING THE PUBLIC COMMENT PERIOD FOR GENERAL NPDES PERMIT WAG-992000 MODIFICATION AND THE BEST MANAGEMNT PRACTICES FOR MOSQUITO CONTROL This appendix contains Ecology's response to comments to the Mosquito Control General NPDES Permit WAG-992000 Modification and changes to the Best Management Practices for Mosquito Control (BMP) document received during a public review period from December 15, 2003, to March 25, 2004. Prior to the formal public review period the Departments of Health and Fish &Wildlife,many mosquito control districts, local governments, mosquito control product manufacturers and other interested parties worked with Ecology to revise the statewide permit and BMPs to make them more pertinent and usable for those conducting mosquito control efforts in the field. Meetings were held October 14 and 15 in Moses Lake, on October 21 in Lacey, and again on March 5 in Olympia, at the Washington State Department of Agriculture. As a result, Ecology • received many informal comments and suggestions that were incorporated into the proposed modifications. Formal comments received during the public comment period pertain to wetlands, the use of methoprene and other mosquito control products, thresholds for larviciding (including preemptive methods of control), adulticiding, dipping requirements, suggestions for clarification, and other miscellaneous comments. Commenters 1. Joseph M. Conlon,American Mosquito Control Association 2. Karl Malamud-Roam, Ph.D.,Contra Costa Mosquito &Vector Control District, Concord, CA 3. Steve Foss and Wendy Sue Wheeler, Washington State Department of Agriculture 4. Ann Potter and Rocky Beach, Washington State Department of Fish &Wildlife 5. Tom Haworth,Adams County Mosquito Control District, WA 6. Kevin Shoemaker, Northwest Mosquito and Vector Control Association 7. Heather Hansen,Washington Friends of Farms and Forests 8. LaDell Yada,Washington State citizen • 4/17/2002 Fact Sheet For Aquatic Mosquito Control General NPDES Permit PAGE 40 OF 58 9. Lou Dooley, Environmental Health Director,Clark County Mosquito Control • District 10. Doug Van Gundy,Wellmark International 11. William Meredith, Delaware Mosquito Control Section, Department of Fish and Wildlife 12. Wayne Switzer, Eden Advance Pest Technologies 13. Art G. Losey,Washington State Pest Control Association 14. William Peacock, City of Spokane 15. Jim Thompson,Grant County Mosquito District#1 16.Jim Tabor,WDFW 17. Mike Young,Snohomish Health District 18. Gerald Campbell,Grant County Health District 19. Mark Newberg, Wellmark International 20. Benjamin Hamilton,Washington State Department of Health 21. David Ensunsa,Columbia Mosquito Control District 22. Dan Mathias, City of Everett Comments have been summarized and those commenting are referenced by the number given to them above. Where comments resulted in a change to either the BMP document or the • permit, that change is noted. Wetlands Comment 1. The role of natural predation in the control of mosquitoes in the document and the webpage from which it is derived is somewhat overstated. Although there is a wealth of literature recording observations and extolling the importance of the Odonata as predators of diurnally active adult mosquitoes, this has not been supported by controlled field studies. While predation provides a worthy and welcome contribution to our integrated mosquito control efforts,it simply cannot provide the level of control needed when human lives are at stake This is certainly not meant to downplay the important part proper wetlands management plays in ecology and a fully-integrated mosquito management strategy, for the American Mosquito Control Association fully supports and endorses proper wetlands management. But I would caution against promulgating this as the sole means of mosquito control in areas where these wetlands are found. I would advise further caution against underestimating the potential magnitude of mosquito production even in natural, healthy wetlands. (1, 11, 12) Response to Comment 1. Mosquito "outbreaks" most often occur in destabilized wetland and stream ecosystems that have been changed or tampered with so that the predators of the larvae such as • 4/17/2002 Fact Sheet For Aquatic Mosquito Control General NPDES Permit PAGE 41 OF 58 • invertebrates insects and amphibians are excluded. Ecology does not suggest that predation is the only P gy gg P y means of mosquito control for wetlands. While draining and/or filling wetlands are not approved methods, taking an integrated approach that targets mosquito larvae control, including bio-chemical control, is recommended in the BMPs. (Tom Hruby, Ecology Wetland Specialist, Personal Communication, 1116104) Methoprene Comment 2. This comment addresses the issue of restricting the use of methoprene in areas known to provide habitat for state threatened and endangered species during the mosquito spray season. There were divergent views on the proposed restrictions. One view suggests the restrictions are unnecessary, the other suggests precaution due to unknowns. Let it be noted that the WDFW restricted areas are the only conditions for methoprene in the Permit that are more stringent than the application conditions set by FIFRA labels. View 1. The 2001 USEPA document together with the 2003 USEPA research and the World Health Organization/FAO review state that methoprene will have minimal adverse effects on non-target species. The Fish and Wildlife letter pretty dramatically overstates the risks associated with this product. Decisions should be made on sound science. Methoprene should be allowed in areas identified by WDFW to minimize the • potential increase use of adulticides, which will likely result due to insufficient control of third and fourth instar larvae using Bacillus products only. (1,2,3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, 13, 15,18, 19,41) View 2.We [WDFW] appreciate Mr. VanGundy's [VanGundy represents Wellmark International,a manufacturer of methoprene products] explanation regarding the contents of the EPA RED documents. We notice that EPA does denote a level of amphibian toxicity from methoprene ("minimally toxic to amphibians"). In our October 13 letter,we state that research on methoprene and frog deformities is inconclusive. There are studies that have found developmental effects to amphibians when methoprene was applied at mosquito control treatment levels, and there are studies that have not observed this. We do not think it would be productive to engage in debate/rebuttal over all research on this matter. Because the body of research on this topic is not definitive we have chosen to use the precautionary principal when conserving state and endangered species. We did not feel that there was sufficient information to recommend that methoprene products be restricted other than in very localized areas where we have identified T &E species. Given that we are making recommendations for state threatened and endangered species, in very limited areas, and that other efficacious mosquito control products (Bacillus) are available,we continue to support our original recommendation on methoprene restriction. (4, 16) • 4/17/2002 Fact Sheet For Aquatic Mosquito Control General NPDES Permit PAGE 42 OF 58 • Response to Comment 2. Aquatic Mosquito Control Permit No WAG —992000, Section S4. Best Management Practices/Integrated Pest Management requires the preparation and implementation of an Integrated Pest Management Plan (IPMP) by the permittee. Among other conditions, the section states, "in developing the IPM plan, the permittee shall consult with local governments and state and federal agencies as needed." The Permit Fact Sheet provides the following rationale for this condition: ...an IPM program considers all available control actions, including no action, and evaluates the interaction among various control practices, cultural practices, weather, and habitat structure. This approach thus uses a combination of resource management techniques to control mosquito populations with decisions based on surveillance. Fish and game specialists and natural resources biologists should be involved in planning control measures whenever delicate ecosystems could be impacted by mosquito control practices (p. 9). Ecology took the lead developing an IPM plan to assist local governments and others performing mosquito control operations who were suddenly in the business of mosquito control due to the spread of the West Nile virus. As the permit required, Ecology consulted with the Department of Fish and Wildlife (WDFVv9 in spring 2003 during this process. WDFW identified wildlife species that it considered most vulnerable to certain mosquito control larvacides, identified the primary areas occupied by these species, and requested that pesticide applications be restricted in these areas. Ecology also invited representatives from the industry to comment on the basis of the WDFW recommendations. An evaluation of the issue yields the following facts: 1. The criteria WDFW used for denoting species as vulnerable were appropriate. Only those listed as state endangered, threatened, sensitive, or candidate species that inhabited freshwater wetlands during most of the mosquito control treatment period were considered. Five species met the criteria: northern leopard frog (Rana pipiens), Oregon spotted frog (Rana pretiosa), western toad (Bufo boreas), western pond turtle (Clemmys marmorata), and one butterfly, the Yuma skipper (Ochlodes yuma). 2. The total area occupied by these species in rivers, lakes, ponds, and wetlands is tiny, comprising of portions of 117 sections (<0.18% of Washington State). Many areas identified for northern leopard frog(36 Sections)and western pond turtle (13 Sections) are owned or managed by VVDFW. 3. EPA's Methoprene Registration Eligibility Document (RED) is dated March 1991. This document has not been updated. A Fact Sheet for the RED was updated in 2001. The RED document states, "The Agency does have data, however, that show that methoprene is highly acutely toxic to estuarine invertebrates" (p. 12). The Fact Sheet for the RED document updates this assessment and describes the level of amphibian and fish toxicity from methoprene as "minimally toxic" but does not define what that means or explain if that is sufficiently protective for federally and state listed species of concern. The World Health Organization indicates methoprene is slightly toxic to fish but lists no data on amphibians. 4. Recent research on methoprene and frog deformities and developmental toxicity is inconclusive. For example, La Clair el al. (1998)found that methoprene breaks down quickly in sunlight and very low concentrations of the byproducts from degradation interfere with normal amphibian development. The La Clair study concluded "the addition of 1µL/L of several of S-methoprene's degradates to the environment of developing[amphibian]embryos resulted in juveniles with deformities similar to • 4/17/2002 Fact Sheet For Aquatic Mosquito Control General NPDES Permit PAGE 43 OF 58 • that found naturally." Ankle et al. (1998)found that UV light caused amphibian limb f y y f g malformations whereas methoprene did not. The study further reported that concentrations of 500 ppb of methoprene caused mortality in amphibians. Degitz et al. (2003) was unable to reproduce the results of the La Clair study, but did determine that methoprene and its metabolites did not cause any adverse effects at rates < 1.25 ppm. These data are too disparate to be conclusive. Even though risk levels appear to be low, much uncertainty still exists with both the concentrations and the role methoprene and its metabolites play with the normal development of amphibians. 5. Levels of methoprene that may be found in the environment after mosquito control applications are also variable. Concentrations have ranged from 4 ppb at seven days post treatment from an Altosid 30-day briquette (Ross et al 1994) to 0.01 ppm from sustained-release formulations (Degitz et al. 2003). Henrick, et.al. (2002)found 26 ppb s-methoprene in ponds treated with Altosid Liquid Larvicide (ALL)at day one, and 1 ppb at day seven. However, one of the metabolites, 7- methoxycitronellal acid, was found at 267 ppb at day 1 and 237 ppb at day 7. Notably, these levels do not represent multiple treatments or potential accumulation or any number of other factors, such as shade, wind, water flow, temperature, pH, turbidity,etc. that may affect concentrations of applications to the natural environment. 6. Several studies concluded that a dose-exposure connection between frog deformities and methoprene applications for mosquito control is unlikely and that correlations between locations of methoprene applications for mosquito operations and frog deformities have not been found (Henrick, et.al. 2002, Johnson et.al. 2001, Ankley et al. 1998). • 7. Larvicides containing Bacillus thuringtensis israelensis (Bti)and Bacillus sphaericus (BS)are allowed for use in these areas due to their extreme low toxicity to non-target species. 8. The restricted areas identified by WDFW may pose a threat to human health when used as breeding grounds by mosquito vectors due to the narrow window of effectiveness of Bacillus products. Ecology proposes to allow the use of methoprene in more than 99% of the state as conditioned by the federal FIFRA label but will continue to restrict the areas of application for methoprene as recommended by WDFW except in the event of a human health threat from mosquito-borne disease as determined by the State and local health departments. Mono-molecular films, oils and organophosphates are also restricted in these areas, but the restriction on the use of methoprene was questioned due to its low toxicity to non-targets and high selectivity for mosquito larvae. To aid future decisions regarding the use of methoprene Ecology will complete a SEPA checklist evaluation of the use of methoprene for mosquito control operations and initiate a monitoring strategy to document concentration levels of methoprene applications in relation to possible adverse effects to non-target species. Many individuals, including people representing mosquito districts, local governments, Wellmark and WDFW have offered to review and/or assist with the monitoring strategy. We intend on taking advantage of these offers. The objective of the evaluation and monitoring plan will be to provide data on methoprene for decisions relevant to permit renewal by November 2006. Comment 3. Page 13 of the BMP under permitted pesticides for mosquito control: The chart should be corrected to show specifically listed pests for Altosid products. Under the heading"Target Pests • 4/17/2002 Fact Sheet For Aquatic Mosquito Control General NPDES Permit PAGE 44 OF 58 on Label, the identified species in the chart for Altosid indicates a variety of pests. There are other methoprene labels that reflect these pests but for Altosid,mosquitoes are the only listed species. (10) Response to Comment 3. Agreed, the chart has been edited. However, EPA's 2001 Methoprene R.E.D. Fact Sheet states that methoprene "has activity against a variety of insect species, including horn flies, mosquitoes, beetles, tobacco moths, sciarid fly,fleas (eggs and larvae),fire ants, pharaoh ants, midge flies and Indian meal moths." This information has been noted as a footnote to the chart. Comment 4. The statement in Comment 2, that"We do not think it would be productive to engage in debate/rebuttal over all research on this matter [methoprene and amphibians]," is frankly stunning. I do not believe that I have ever seen a government entity express the thought that they do not want to review the scientific facts on a controversial issue. Given that Ecology's proposed alternatives to methoprene are frequently less effective in numerous circumstances, that resistance management through pesticide rotation is a cornerstone of modern IPM, and that USEPA and numerous other independent reviewers have found "minimal toxicity" or equivalent wording, the proposed prohibition should not occur without strong scientific evidence supporting it, and this has not been provided. (2) Response to Comment 4. The comment referred to in the above statement, made by WDFW, was explained in the context: "Because the body of research on this topic is not definitive we have chosen to use the precautionary principal when conserving state and endangered species. We did not feel that there was sufficient information to recommend that methoprene products be restricted other than in very localized areas where we have identified T • &E species. " They did review scientific facts, it was the lack of evidence regarding methoprene's toxicity that lead them to recommend the precautionary principle. Comment 5. The WSDA would like to inform Ecology that the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, (CDC), recommends the alternation of biorational larvicides (Bti and Bs) and insect growth regulators (methoprene) annually or at longer intervals to prevent the development of insecticide resistance in vector populations. The WSDA recommends that the restriction of the use of Bti and Bs only in certain areas identified in the BMPs be amended by allowing some use of methoprene in rotation and in combination with the approved biorational larvicides so as to prevent the development of resistance to Bti and Bs. (3) Response to Comment 5. Since the restriction on the use of methoprene applies only in very select sites the rotation process recommended would not be precluded in 99% of the state. Further, in discussions with mosquito control operators around the state, we found that resistance to Bacillus products has not been found. Comment 6. The language allowing local jurisdictions to declare a health threat so they have access to methoprene is very unclear. This BMP gives no guidance as to how local boards of health are to be proactive in protecting the communities or what thresholds should be used to determine the potential • 4/17/2002 Fact Sheet For Aquatic Mosquito Control General NPDES Permit PAGE 45 OF 58 • for human health risks. Inconsistent mosquito control thresholds could result in water quality q q tY problems and people taking illegal control measures into their own hands. (7, 16, 17) Response to Comment 6. Permit condition S1.4. restricts the use of methoprene in areas designated by Washington State Department of Fish and Wildlife except when a heath threat exists in those areas as determined by the State and local health departments. No health-based thresholds are stated in the BMPs or the permit. The Department of Health requested that health-based determinations be stated in general terms because the process and criteria used by local health jurisdictions to determine health threats is dependent on local conditions such as demographics, population densities and species of mosquitoes, proximity of positive identifications of mosquito-borne disease, tolerances for pesticide applications and tolerances for disease outbreaks. However, the language on page 16 of the BMP under the section, "What Constitutes an Emergency of Health Threat?"has been clarified. Comment 7. Page 3, paragraph 3. Regarding the statement in the BMP that methoprene is an endocrine disrupter, this statement is untrue and I would propose that this language be removed from the revised BMP. While endocrine disruption is becoming an area of concern, there are still ongoing discussions surrounding testing methodologies. Currently there is a lack of validated test systems. Methoprene does not disrupt the production of any glandular hormone within insects, other invertebrates,vertebrates or mammals. In insects it merely augments naturally occurring insect juvenile hormone (JH) at times in the insect life cycle where natural production of JH is at a • minimum. An example would be during the molt from the last larval instar to the pupa or adult stage. I have included a more detailed commentary as Attachment 1. In mammalian systems, methoprene is broken down and excreted primarily through urine. (10) Response to Comment 7. Ecology agrees, the statement has been removed. Comment 8. There has been much discussion of the non-target effects of methoprene. As I outlined in my other correspondence, there exists a wide margin of safety to non-targets when methoprene is used according to label directions. There is no concern for accumulation of methoprene in the environment as it rapidly degrades, further Henrick et al. 2002,report that the degradation products of methoprene rapidly degrade as well,without accumulation. Methoprene can be used with confidence against mosquito larva but also provides for wide safety margins to non-targets. (10) Response to Comment 8. While there is no evidence that the use of methoprene for mosquito control will lead to amphibian malformations or other adverse effects to non-targets, the data are inconclusive. Scant monitoring has been done of methoprene applications for mosquito control in the natural environment. Ecology is initiating a monitoring strategy to document concentration levels of methoprene applications in the environment and will evaluate those levels in relation to possible adverse effects to non-target species. Comment 9. Page 18. There are some errors in the chart that need correction. The Altosid Liquid use rate should be changed to 3-4 ounces per acre instead of 2-20 pounds per acre. The 2-20 pound rate is incorrect for this formulation. The rate for Altosid XRG should be changed from 8-10 pounds to 5-20 . pounds to reflect the label rate. In the target pest category there are a variety of pests listed for the 4/17/2002 Fact Sheet For Aquatic Mosquito Control General NPDES Permit PAGE 46 OF 58 Altosid products. While this list is inclusive of several product lines, it does not reflect the fact that • the Altosid products are labeled only for mosquitoes. I would suggest that pricing be removed from the chart. Pricing is subject to change by time and location. Since the BMP is a document that will exist for some time, the pricing that is stated now in the BMP may not be indicative of a current price for future referrals to the BMP. (10) Response to Comment 9. The errors have been corrected. Prices, based on 2002 levels, will be retained only as a general guide for cost comparisons, one of the factors for consideration in an IPM plan. Comment 10. Methoprene's Impacts To Amphibians? --A few years ago, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) imposed a condition for methoprene's use on one of our two National Wildlife Refuges that methoprene not be applied over wetlands where the salinity was less than 5 ppt, done in what appeared (at least to us) to be an overly-zealous application of the precautionary principle, because of the service's supposed concerns about the impacts of methoprene upon the developmental stages of amphibians (which of course are found more typically in freshwater habitats than in salt marshes,hence the Service's 5 ppt demarcation). However, this restriction only lasted for one year in relation to our then questioning the USFWS's scientific foundations about their position--after further review of the scientific evidence, it then seemingly became apparent to the USFWS that there was no credible scientific evidence to link any amphibian developmental abnormalities or deformities seen in the field with exposures to methoprene associated with operational mosquito control,and this unnecessary restriction was rescinded. As I probably don't have to tell you or others in your state • agency (if you're familiar with the scientific literature about these matters), several other much more probable causes of amphibian developmental abnormalities have now been scientifically identified (e.g., parasitic infections, excessive UV light exposure, etc.) and been linked as the primary culprits for what has been observed for amphibian abnormalities,with any lingering connection here to the use of methoprene being an unwarranted,poorly-founded leap that serves little purpose (but wherever such claims still unfairly persist, then this bias certainly hinders the beneficial use of an important, environmentally-compatible mosquito control tool). (11) Response to Comment 10. We would be interested in any written assessment made by the USFWS on this matter. Thank you for your comments. Comment 11. Methoprene Use In Coastal Wetlands--As part of our statewide Integrated Pest Management(IPM) approach to mosquito control, we use methoprene (a juvenile growth-hormone mimic) as our frontline operational larvicide for salt marsh mosquito control, in spraying thousands of acres of Delaware's coastal wetlands with Altosid up to several times each summer (with our primarily using the A.L.L. 20% Concentrate formulation),including extensively using Altosid on Delaware's two National Wildlife Refuges. We find that Altosid gives us effective control achieved in practicable manner, and to the best of our knowledge does not have any unacceptable non-target impacts or environmental problems. 4/17/2002 Fact Sheet For Aquatic Mosquito Control General NPDES Permit PAGE 47 OF 58 • Methoprene Use In Freshwater Wetlands--We also use methoprene for control of freshwater P P mosquitoes in stormwater management basins and constructed wetlands, often using some type of extended release formulation for this product in these settings,which similar to our salt marsh use also gives us effective control without any unacceptable side effects. (11) Response to Comment 11. Thank you for your comments on the use of methoprene. However, lacking any qualification on what is meant by "to the best of our knowledge"or "unacceptable side effects" we cannot make decisions on the use of methoprene based on these testimonials. Comment 12. [My] Only comment is on the BMP page eleven last paragraph, with the sentence that begins with "Methoprene can be used on older larval stages and for ...to late to use either Bacillus or methoprene ..." seems to say methoprene can be used when its too late to use methoprene??????? What gives? (14) Response to Comment 12. It was a typo. Thanks for catching it. The text has been corrected to read: Methoprene can be used on older larval stages (i.e., pupa), and for situations where it is too late to use either Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis or Bacillus sphaericus, a monomolecular film might be used. Comment 13. Statement in the draft: "Ecology proposes to continue to restrict the areas of application of methoprene." But then ecology goes on to say, "they will initiate a monitoring strategy • to document concentration levels and if necessary,levels of toxicity to non-target species." The objective of monitoring will be to provide data on methoprene for permit renewal in 2006. Response: This monitoring, should it take place,SHOULD take place in the areas in question that are healthy frog environments now. Not some place that is already stressed for some other reason. And in monitoring the areas in question there will be records of methoprene application over the past years that will give some basis on where to start. And not take another twenty years in another location establishing a track record. And if monitoring is going to be done then it would seem that applications of methoprene should take place. Otherwise, what is going to be monitored? (15) Response to Comment 13. Comment noted. We will take your comments into consideration as we develop the monitoring plan. Comment 14. Calling your attention to the California draft fact sheet,written by the California State DOE, page 7, par 4, "USEPA has concluded that, used in mosquito control programs, methoprene does not pose unreasonable risks to wildlife or the environment." Now granted, each state can say and do whatever they want. And it is certain California has endangered species. But decisions being made in California are made on sound, current research. (15) Response to Comment 14. Decisions made in California are reviewed for relevancy to our program. Their control operations and monitoring results will be included in our SEPA evaluation. Comment 15. It was stated in the [WDFW] comments, "there are studies that have found • developmental effects to amphibians when methoprene was applied at mosquito control treatment 4/17/2002 Fact Sheet For Aquatic Mosquito Control General NPDES Permit PAGE 48 OF 58 levels and there are studies that have not observed this. Response: Those studies that showed negative effects should be produced for review in this decision making process. And the studies must be the most current up to date studies. And not studies that are old and have been disproved. At the meeting in Olympia on 5 March'04, industry presented, once again, the current facts on methoprene. With even newer studies done by OSU. And WSFW said, "we still have questions." When asked what are your questions the reply was, "we don't know." However, at least after three years WSFW and DOE are listening to the mosquito districts when they say, methoprene cannot be found or monitored for; only the effects can be monitored. (15) Response to Comment 15. See response to Comment 2. The SEPA evaluation and monitoring plan for methoprene have been proposed to clear up some of these ambiguities regarding the developmental toxicity of methoprene to non-target species. Comment 16. The most recent information is from Oregon,where ponds have been treated with methoprene and heavily monitored for the past several years. In over ten prior years of methoprene application and close inspection of populations, there has been no evidence of malformations. A recent discovery of infected snail populations,which harbor the deformity-causing trematodes,was a premonition of a deformity outbreak and further confirms that trematodes are to be strongly linked with these deformities,not methoprene. The newness of this information is encouraging and is a close geographic example of how deformities in the amphibian population are not related to methoprene. This should be taken into consideration as the BMP is revised another time. (19) • Response to Comment 16. Ecology would be interested in reviewing the Oregon studies. Please forward any contact information you may have. Comment 17. If the proposed methoprene restriction is related to an absence of long-term testing and environmental impact studies,Wellmark requests to review the documentation that Washington is using for the long-term studies on other larvicide and adulticides products. (19) Response to Comment 17. Please see response to Comment 2. Comment 18. As mentioned in the meeting, many mosquito districts are influenced by decisions from other parts of the nation when it comes to restrictions on products. If the best management practices document continues to have restrictive language for methoprene, we will want a complete explanation for the decision so that other states can have a thorough understanding of Washington's position-how it is solely related to Washington State endangered species issues and not for the use of methoprene in general. (19) Response to Comment 18. Ecology's restriction of methoprene is solely related to Washington state endangered species issues and not for the use of methoprene in general. General use is not restricted beyond the FIFRA label. Preemptive use of biocides, including methoprene, is recommended in the BMP to minimize mosquito breeding sites and the need to use more toxic insecticides in the event of a disease outbreak. Further, • 4/17/2002 Fact Sheet For Aquatic Mosquito Control General NPDES Permit PAGE 49 OF 58 • Ecologydid not assess the harm posed b methoprene to endangered species sufficient to warrant restricted use P y P % P .� when a human health threat exists. Also see response to Comment 2. Comment 19. To date, the comments that we have reviewed and those that have been previously missing are overwhelmingly in methoprene's favor, submitted by professionals who have used the products for many, many years without environmental incident. Why is there no impact, reduction or deletion of the restriction language, or are these comments to be ignored? (19) Response to Comment 19. Our responses largely address those comments that are based in fact or law. The preponderance of users of a pesticide does not constitute its lack of adverse effects because oftentimes the causes of adverse effects and correlations are difficult and costly to determine. Also see response to Comment 2. Larvicide Preferences Comment 20. After reviewing the BMP I would like to state that I believe that many improvements have been made and it is now a more concise and user friendly guide. I commend you for taking out the larvicide hierarchy wording that was present before. I believe that there is still a preference indicated, but an effort has been made to clarify that a particular larvicide will not work best(or at all) in certain situations. (6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 13) • Response to Comment 20. We agree. The language has been further clarified. Permit Condition S1.A.4 now reads: 4. Authorized pesticides are: ➢ Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis (Bti) ➢ Bacillus sphaericus (H-5a5b) ➢ Methoprene Granular, Liquid, Pellet, or Briquette.* ➢ Monomolecular Surface Films ➢ Paraffinic white mineral oil. Paraffinic white mineral oil shall not be used in waters of the state unless: a. The mosquito problem is declared a public health risk, or b. The other control agents would be or are known to be ineffective at a specific treatment site, and c. The water body is non-fish-bearing (consult Washington State Fish and Wildlife concerning fish and wildlife). * Use of methoprene is not restricted for use beyond the FIFRA label in more than 99% of the State. However, methoprene is restricted in areas designated by Washington State Department of Fish and Wildlife (see Appendix A)except when a health threat exists in those areas as determined by state and local health departments. Comment 21. I have a current label of Malathion 8 Spray produced by Wilbur-Ellis Co. with an EPA Reg. #2935-83-ZA. The label states: • 4/17/2002 Fact Sheet For Aquatic Mosquito Control General NPDES Permit PAGE 50 OF 58 Mosquito Larvae: Apply 8 fluid ozs. per acre to standing water (intermittently flooded areas, stagnant water, temporary rain pools). Broadcast use only over intermittently flooded areas. Application may not be made around bodies of water where fish or shellfish are grown and/or harvested commercially." I am not saying that I want to use this all the time. I am not saying that I would use it at all. I did not use it as a larvicide this year,but it is registered and as long as it is, it should be left available to use at least in case of emergency without having to go through all the bureaucracy that can occur. The more products are available the more effective,including cost effective, we will be. (5, 8, 11, 12, 13) Response to Comment 21. Section S1, of the permit has been revised to allow the use of larvicides based on effectiveness and situation rather than just toxicity. According to Steve Foss, Pesticide Management section of WSDA, larvicides containing the active ingredients of mlathion or temephos are not likely to be needed due to pesticide resistance or in cases of an emergency. However, larvicide products containing temephos are needed in areas with high organic content, such as wet manure fields and lagoons because the other larvicides permitted for use are often ineffective in these areas. In addition, manure fields and lagoons typically do not drain to surface waters. When surface waters are not affected monitoring will not be required. Malathion may be applied under an experimental use permit, so it remains in the tool box. Permit Condition S1,proposed modification: . 5. Temephos may not be used in lakes, streams, or the littoral zone of water bodies or on state-listed specie sites listed in Appendix A of the BMPs, (Ecology publication 03-10-023). The use of temephos shall be allowed only in highly-polluted water (i.e. tire piles) or waters with high organic content (i.e. manure holding ponds and pastures with no surface water runoff), or under either of the two following conditions: a. As a result of consultation between the Departments of Agriculture and of Ecology in response to the development of pesticide resistance or ineffectiveness within a population of mosquitoes. When temephos is applied to areas draining to surface waters monitoring of persistence and residues are a condition of the approval. Temephos must be rotated with one or more of the approved alternatives with a different mode of action to minimize the development of resistance. b. As a result of consultation between the Department of Health and Department of Ecology in response to the development of a human health emergency as determined by the Washington State Department of Health. 6. Other pesticides may be applied in the context of a research and development effort under the jurisdiction of the Washington State Department of Agriculture through the issuance of a Washington State Experimental Use Permit. • 4/17/2002 Fact Sheet For Aquatic Mosquito Control General NPDES Permit PAGE 51 OF 58 • Comment 22. In the Permit,Condition 54. A. 2. The phase, "in the order of reference in which the P P Y should be considered" should be changed to, "may be considered." (7,8) Response to Comment 22. Agreed. The Permit now states: S4.A. 2. The IPMP shall consider the approved list of pesticide-based controls found in Section S1. Comment 23. Page 9 of the Permit, Condition S4. A. 1. contains the phrase, "except in response to documented" should be replaced with"to minimize the". Resistance is very difficult to document. Resistance management is part of an effective IPM plan. (7,8) Response to Comment 23. Ecology met with WSDA over this language because resistance is difficult to document. The Permit language now states: S4.A.1. In the IPMP, pesticides that are effective in controlling the mosquito population and have the least adverse impacts to nontarget species shall be used except in response to documented development of resistance or in cases of ineffectiveness or in a declared public health emergency. Bio-controls Comment 24. Use of Appropriate Bio-controls (p. 2 of the BMP) states, "Stock water gardens that have no surface inlet or outlet with mosquito-eating fish(i.e., goldfish, mud minnow, stickleback, and • perch). Tadpoles, dragonfly larvae, diving beetles,back swimmers, and front swimmers also prey on mosquito larvae. For more information, see http://www.wa.gov/wdf-,A,/factshts/westnflevirus.htm" *This website has changed: hqp://www.wdfw.wa.gov/factshts/westnilevirus.htm, is the current site address. However, at this website,it only mentions birds and bats as natural predators for mosquitoes. I do not question the idea that the animals that you listed will feed upon mosquitoes (larvae or adult), but I think it is extremely misleading to imply that efficient control can be achieved with organisms like birds, bats, tadpoles, diving beetles, etc. More importantly, the website you are asking people to go does not appear to back up the limited claim for bird and bat control with any scientific evidence. (6) Response to Comment 24. Thank you for the updated link. Use of bio-controls may or may not yield sufficient control, efficacy was not meant to be implied. Of concern is that goldfish and other predacious bio- controls may escape into natural water bodies where they could become invasive or problematic. Comment 25. In mosquito control plans put together by several other states, pesticides are listed and identified as biopesticides or traditional chemical pesticides. The benefits and limitations of each product are described. The applicator is free to choose the best fit for the situation. The EPA classifies Bti, Bacillus sphaericus, and methoprene all as biopesticides, thus putting them in the same category. Washington is the only state that separates out methoprene. When deciding which control • agent to use, it is important to consider efficacy. "Methoprene has consistently proved to be one of 4/17/2002 Fact Sheet For Aquatic Mosquito Control General NPDES Permit PAGE 52 OF 58 the most effective insect growth regulators against mosquitoes and is usually more efficacious than • biological control agents" (Glare, 1999). The presence of pollutants, salinity, organic and inorganic particles can all reduce the efficacy of Bti. According to the Center for Disease Control (CDC), two factors that contribute to the spread of West Nile Virus (WNV) include abundance of vectoring species of mosquitoes and wide spread irrigation. Washington has both. The proposed BMPs do not follow CDC guidelines for mosquito control. The CDC recommends the use of larvicides in targeted locations in risk category one. The proposed BMPs wait until risk category four to recommend larvicide use. By this stage, the CDC has already recommended increased larval control and intensifying adult mosquito control. (7,3, 6,8, 11, 12, 13, 19) Response to Comment 25. We agree that bio-chemicals like the bacteria Bti and the growth hormone methoprene should be included in this category. The following language has been added to this section (p. 3) of the BMP to encourage preemptive chemical bio-controls where predators alone may not be effective. Minimization Actions Use Appropriate Bio-Controls ➢ Selective bio-pesticides such as Bacillus thuringrensis israelensis (Bti), B. sphaericus or methoprene are • very effective preemptive controls when applied in the spring to specific sources identified by surveys. Amplifying and bridge vector species should be targeted (also see p. 11.). Comment 26. Page 11: The title, "Chemical Controls" is misleading. Bti, Bacillus sphaericus,and methoprene are all classified by the EPA as biopesticides. The title should reflect that this section includes biopesticides, oils and traditional pesticides. (7,8) Response to Comment 26. Agreed, the title has been changed to, "Microbial, Biochemical and Conventional Chemical Controls." Comment 27. Preemptive treatments (larviciding known breeding sites early in the season) may reduce the need for adulticiding later. (1, 7) Response to Comment 27. Agreed, preemptive larviciding with bio-chemicals has been added as an option under the breeding site minimization actions. Adulticiding Comment 28. I believe that the section giving a BMP for adulticiding is misplaced. I am unclear as to your implication of adulticiding applications needing a NPDES permit(unless you mean when directly affecting water). Also,I feel that if you admit you don't have jurisdiction in terrestrial • 4/17/2002 Fact Sheet For Aquatic Mosquito Control General NPDES Permit PAGE 53 OF 58 •applications of adulticides, then indicated the Best Management Practices for them seems PP g inappropriate. This should be left up to the organization that has direct jurisdiction. In addition, Ecology's BMP states that there should not be any adulticiding done unless there is a disease present. (5, 6, 9) Response to Comment 28. A large majority of workshop attendees (October 14 & 15 in Moses Lake and October 21 in Lacey) wanted the adulticiding section left intact because it is an integral component of their integrated pest management approach to mosquito control. Treatment triggers are left to the mosquito control operator or the organizations they work for to determine. The BMP states: "Select triggers for the use of adulticide products: Some mosquito control districts recommend using light traps to monitor for mosquitoes. For example, Adams County MD recommends that counts of 8 to 12 mosquitoes caught in 12 hours or a 3 adult mosquito landing count per minute in a residential area triggers the need to adulticide (Thomas Haworth, personal communication, November 7, 2003). Some applicators recommend adulticiding residential areas and upland areas where mosquitoes are migrating only when there is evidence of mosquito-borne epizootic activity at a level suggesting high risk of human infection. The following are examples of this type of evidence:high dead bird densities; high mosquito infection rates; multiple positive mosquito species including bridge vectors; horse or mammal cases indicating escalating epizootic transmission, including bridge vectors, horse or mammal cases, or a human case with evidence of epizootic activity (p. 21)." In some instances, adulticiding can reduce or eliminate the need to heavily apply larvicides, can be used effectively with less environmental impact to non-targets, and can be cost-effective. So for this best practices plan, some information on commonly used products and methods are appropriately included. However, since there have been objections to the inclusion of this section we will more clearly identify Ecology's regulatory jurisdiction in those sections. To be sure, Ecology has no intention of over-stepping its regulatory bounds. Comment 29. Page 13 of the BMP states, "Terrestrially applied insecticides are NOT regulated under federal or state water pollution control laws and are not subject to NPDES permit conditions or requirements. However, in Washington State applications of insecticides used for adult mosquito control, even if they are labeled for use over water, i.e., streams, wetlands, rivers, lakes, ditches, etc, must be permitted under a Clean Water Act (NPDES) permit." *Please clarify; I am assuming that the preceding sentence is referring to when adulticides are used on, in or directly above water. Is this the intent of your sentence or are you stating the regardless of use, an adulticide must have a NPDES permit? If the latter is true this seems to be in direct conflict with the first sentence of section 7. If the former is true then this should be made clear in the BMP. (6) Response to Comment 29. The only time adulticide applications would have to be permitted is when they are applied, directly or indirectly, to waters of the state. Ecology's Water Quality Program does not permit the application of pesticides that are applied to terrestrial sites. However, the italicized language has been removed because it was confusing and most likely not needed. • 4/17/2002 Fact Sheet For Aquatic Mosquito Control General NPDES Permit PAGE 54 OF 58 • Comment 30. BMP minimum response does not consider DOH and or CDC guidelines, which consider targeted adult mosquito control by stating, "...adulticiding based on surveillance is an extremely important part of any integrated mosquito management program. (11) Response to Comment 30. See Response to Comment 5 and 9. Also, the section that discusses adulticiding describes the various triggers that may be appropriate. Dipping Criteria Comment 31. Could you clarify the dipping criteria for larviciding storm water ponds? The 2003 permit said larvicides could be applied if greater than 0.3 larvae/pupae per dip are found. The 2004 BMPs says 1 larva per 3 dips is the larviciding threshold. The 2004 permit says that greater than 1 larva per 3 dips is the larviciding threshold. With last year's criteria 1 larvae per 3 dips meant we could larvicide. Do we now need 2 or more larvae per 4 dips to larvicide? (22) Response to Comment 31. Only 1 larva per 3 dips is needed. Comment 32. Could we state in the permit that entities that did control the year before based on their surveillance don't necessarily have to wait for mosquitoes to appear again the following season before using control measures in that water body. This question came up last year from King County,who identified their water bodies that needed control and wanted to continue that control without having to do the surveillance all over again. I'm getting questions such as "We found mosquito larvae last year in this pond,can we apply the mosquito dunks as a preventative measure this year without doing the dipping all over? Does the permit allow this?" (20) Response to Comment 32. The permit requires mosquito dunks prior to treatment unless the site is inaccessible (see response to comment 33 below). Mosquito breeding sites may change and there is no need to use larvicides if no larvae are present. Comment 33. Page C-5-Other references use 1 per 3 dips rather than 0.3 per dip. (3, 13) Response to 33. Agreed. Section S4.B of the permit now states: "Pesticide applications shall not commence unless surveillance of a potential application site indicates a larva/pupa count of greater than 1 per 3 dips, or unless dead birds, infected horses, or adult mosquito surveys indicate the presence of vector mosquitoes when larvae counts cannot be made due to their inaccessibility. In these cases larviciding may be desirable or even necessary without the larvae dips." Miscellaneous Clarifications Comment 34. The following clarifications are suggested: • 4/17/2002 Fact Sheet For Aquatic Mosquito Control General NPDES Permit PAGE 55 OF 58 • Page 1 - Add-Applications of pesticides are also subject to the Washington Pesticide Control Act(15.58 RCW), the Washington Pesticide Application Act(17.21 RCW), the General Pesticide Rules (WAC 16-228), the Worker Protection Standard (WAC 16-233) a number of pesticide and/or county specific regulations. Page 3-The heading"Eliminate Mosquito Feeding Sites" does not correspond to bullets beneath the heading. Suggest different heading such as "Personal Protective Measures" Page 4-Clarify that the use of larvicides is one of the Minimum BMP Responses to Minimize Mosquito Breeding and use of adulticides. Page 5 -Amend Risk Assessment: Probability of outbreak in humans: Remote to low; areas with limited or sporadic WNV epizootic activity in birds and/or mosquitoes. Page 10. IV. Mosquito Control Treatments Use larvicides at specific locations when WNV epizootic activity is found in birds and/or mosquitoes. Page 11 -Amend heading to Microbial, Biochemical and Conventional Chemical Controls. '• Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis (Bti) and Bacillus sphaericus (H-5a5b) are microbial pesticides. Methoprene is a biochemical pesticide. Monomolecular surface films, paraffinic white mineral oil, and temephos are conventional chemical pesticides. Page 12- Amend web page reference to guide of larvicide products. For a guide to larvicides see the WSDA website: ht!p://www.kelivsolutions.com/WA/`show2roductsbypest2.asp?Pest ID=IOAMAAC 04. Page 13-Clarify insecticides listed in table 3 are for larvae control and not adulticides. (3, 13) Response to Comment 34: All the comments were accepted and changes made to the BMP document except the WSDA web site address. The WSDA web site was not included because larvicides not permitted for use under this permit may be listed there and it would be confusing to list products not permitted for use. Comment 35. Page 12 of the BMP states, "Fish and game specialists and natural resources biologists (WDFW) must be notified of planned control measures whenever delicate ecosystems could be harmed by mosquito control practices.... Could you please clarify how to determine a "delicate ecosystem?" Is this a legal description? Is this only WDFW land? Clarification would be helpful. (6) • 4/17/2002 Fact Sheet For Aquatic Mosquito Control General NPDES Permit PAGE 56 OF 58 is Response to Comment 35. "Delicate ecosystems"are those that can only survive under a narrow range of environmental conditions including light, salinity, temperature, water quality, and nutrients, and are extremely vulnerable to anthropogenic activities. An airplane flying over nesting grounds demonstrates this sensitivity. The phrase was not used as legal terminology, but as plain English. Comment 36. The fact that it takes 38 days to obtain a license and permit to undertake mosquito control activities would likely inhibit a community to address an emergency health issue... (11) Response to Comment 36. The vast majority of permitted entities in Washington come under the Department of Health's coverage by contracting with them. It takes about a seven-day turn around to do that, largely because of mailing time constrains. It's conceivable to have the turnaround time reduced to a day or two in a real emergency. Comment 37. Education of the public in the areas of mosquito habitat reduction and personal protection in and of itself is not protecting the public from disease as is implied in the draft document. (11) Response to Comment 37. Personal protection is the best precaution anyone can take to ensure minimal exposure to mosquito borne diseases. If a person tries to kill every mosquito in a two-mile square area they will probably not succeed and when they leave that area they are exposed to increased risk again. The best insurance • anyone has against mosquito borne disease is to eliminate the chance of exposure in their direct personal space. This is why Appendix B, Insect Repellent Use and Safety from the Center for Disease Control has been added to the document. It is an excellent informational source. Comment 38. An important component of the CDC guidelines is to include monitoring for the disease as well as monitoring for mosquito populations. (11) Response to Comment 38. The Washington State Department of Health is the lead on monitoring for the disease. Section II of the BMP directs mosquito control agents to their local health departments for questions and issues related to monitoring for the disease. Comment 39. What is going to constitute monitoring? Record keeping or actual testing? Please clarify. (5) Response to Comment 39. When the permit was issued, monitoring was intended to examine persistence of the insecticides used in Washington State. Since persistence data for the larvicides allowed for use already exists, possible adverse affects to non-target organisms, rather than persistence, will be monitored. Additionally, the arrival of the West Nile virus in Washington State, has resulted in many local governments and others new to mosquito control practices applying larvicides during the spring and summer months. These new control operations will result in a sharp increase in the amount of larvicide being applied to waters. For these reasons, the monitoring requirement will be modified to only require reporting the type, location, and • 4/17/2002 Fact Sheet For Aquatic Mosquito Control General NPDES Permit PAGE 57 OF 58 •quantities of larvicides used. Ecology will use this information to prepare a plan to monitor for possible adverse affects in areas targeted by the reporting results. Comment 40. We treat hundreds if not thousands of small ponds through out the season, many of which are less than one acre. If we report those small ponds as <1 acre our rate per acre will all off. My district tries to record each treatment whether 10 acres or .03 acre. (5) Response to Comment 40. Reporting in tenths or hundredths of an acre is more accurate and can be done on the current reporting form. We allow permittees to also 'clump' the acreage they treat in an area so if they treat ten small ponds that are .10 acre each, they can report it as one acre. This works so long as the ponds all drain to the same receiving water. Comment 41. Comment to draft: By adding the WSDA RCWs and WACs it would seem that now mosquito control operations are under FIFRA and federal label requirements and NOT second level government rule making. There are so many levels of government that ALL requirements will be difficult for the home owner and layperson to sort out. (15) Response to Comment 41. Ecology must be responsive to Court decisions. However, we agree and have petitioned EPA several times to consider streamlining these requirements for the benefit of operators/applicators. • Comment 42. How will the comments be handled in this process? It seems they are as much questions as comments. Because all that happens in this process is a response is given to comments with no action taken. (15) Response to Comment 42. The comments are reviewed for basis in fact or law. Where inaccuracies or deficiencies are found, they are corrected. Comment 43. This is the second modification in less than one year on the permit,how often will changes be made in the future? (15) Response to Comment 43. This is the last modification that will be made prior to permit renewal. Comment 44. I suggest adding "ecologically sensitive areas" to demarcated no-spray zones on maps (p. 11 of the BMP). (16) Response to Comment 44. Agreed. The language has been added to the section: "Demarcate no-spray zones on maps. This may include areas such as schools, hospitals,fish farms, wildlife refuges, ecologically sensitive areas, the homes of individuals who are on chemically sensitive registers, and crops grown under a certified organic program." i 4/17/2002 Fact Sheet For Aquatic Mosquito Control General NPDES Permit PAGE 58 OF 58 it would nice t have this language in mor • Comment 45. C1, Number 3, may cover this,but ou d be o ae detail somewhere. Could we put what water bodies should have permit coverage? The "waters of the state" catchall works to a certain point, but there seems to be confusion over the water bodies (i.e. storm drains with an outlet) that could reach "waters of the state." I have instructed folks that if their water body has the potential to reach waters of the state, they need permit coverage. If"waters of the state" includes water bodies that have a potential to reach waters of the state,we should try to make this very clear. I'm still obviously a little confused... (20) Response to Comment 45. The Department of Ecology's Aquatic Mosquito Control permit covers mosquito control activities that discharge insecticides directly into surface waters of the state of Washington. All who conduct mosquito control activities in water for communities, districts and private landowners are required to obtain coverage. "Waters of the state" includes water bodies that have a potential to reach waters of the state. References cited: Ankley,G.T.,J.E. Tietge, D.L. DeFoe, K.M. Jensen,G.W. Holcombe, E.J. Durham, and S.A. Diamond. 1998. Effects of ultraviolet light and methoprene on survival and development of Rana Pipiens. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 17: 2530-2542. Degitz, S.J.,E.J. Durham,J.E. Tietge, P.A. Kosian,G.W. Holcombe, and G.T. Ankley. 2003. Developmental toxicity of methoprene and several degradation products in Xenopus laevis. Aquatic . Toxicology 64: 97-105. Henrick,C.A.,J.K. Ko,J. Burleson,G. Lindahl. D. VanGundy and J. Edge. 2002. Investigation of the relationship between s-methoprene and deformities in anurans.J. of Am. Mosq. Control Assoc. 18(3):214-221. Johnson,C. M., L.B.Johnson,J. Murphy and V. Beasly, Evaluation of the potential effects of methoprene and Bti on anuran malformations in Wright County, MN. National Resources Research Institute, University of Mn. NRRI technical report no. NRRI/TR-2001/O1 La Clair,J.J.,J.A. Bantle and J. Dumont. 1998. Photoproducts and metabolites of a common insect growth regulator produce developmental deformities in Xenopus. Environmental Science and Technology 32: 1453-1461. Ross, D.H, D.Judy, B. Jacobson, R. Howell. 1994 Methoprene concentrations in freshwater microcosms treated with sustained-release Altosid formulations. J. of Am. Mosq. Assc. 10(2): 202-210. • 4/17/2002 Fact Sheet For Aquatic Mosquito Control General NPDES Permit h } f I 1 ��, �' ':ate �4 �� _ H.qi sr s � Rpublic Health Seattle&King County HEALTHY PEOPLE.HEALTHY COMMUNITIES Leah Helms Z9(o- 79 9) Health and Environmental Investigator I Environmental Hazards Section 999 Third Avenue,Suite 700,Seattle WA 98104 T 206-296-4743 F 206-296-0189 TTY Relay:711 lea h.helms@metrokc.gov www.metrokc.gov/health ®zozM o� City of Renton Received JUN 0 3 2005 Human Resources& Risk Management King County Department of Natural Resources and Parks Division of Parks and Recreation Parks Resource Section Marymoor Regional Park 6046 West Lake Sammamish Parkway Northeast P.O. Box 3517 (mailing address) Redmond, WA 98073-3517 206-296-4232 206-296-4341 (Fax) www.metrokc.gov/parks Tune 1, 2005 City of Renton 1055 South Grady Way Renton, WA 98055 RE: West Nile Virus Mosquito Control Program West Nile Virus was found in Oregon and Idaho last year and will most likely reach the King County area this summer. An effective strategy for reducing mosquito populations is the larviciding mosquito breeding habitats. This letter is to inform you that King County DNRP has two years experience conducting a larvaciding program of stormwater facilities. The mosquito-monitoring program consists of visiting potential mosquito breeding sites, sampling for the presence of larvae, and if sufficient numbers of larvae are found, applying larvacide. King County DNRP staff is licensed with WSDA. Monitoring and larviciding records are provided to the Seattle/King County Health Department as part of the countywide response program. Pesticide application records are retained as required by law. Please note that in order to apply larvicides within your jurisdiction, each agency must first obtain a permit with the Washington State Department of Health or Washington State Department of Ecology. There is no fee associated with obtaining the permit. King County DNRP can assist in completing the application materials. If you may be interested in utilizing the services of our experienced staff, please contact me at 206-296-4248. Thank you for your consideration. Sincerely A �� Bobbi Wallace, Parks Resource Section Manager King County Department of Natural Resources and Parks l� �1�� ��� V/ Allen Quynn - Dipping before treatment for mosquito larvae Page 1 From: "Hamilton, Benjamin" <Benjamin.Hamilton@doh.wa.gov> To: "'sharon.hopkins@metrokc.gov"' <sharon.hopkins@metrokc.gov>, leah.helms@metrokc.gov"' <leah.helms@metrokc.gov> Date: 5/3/2005 1:35:14 PM Subject: Dipping before treatment for mosquito larvae Hi Sharon and Leah, In response to Allen, Terry and the questions that came up at the King County WNV municipalities training, I offer some attempted clarification (with assistance from Kelly McLain at Ecology)to the issue of dipping before treatment. S4 (page 10 of 16) of the permit states: "pesticide applications shall not commence unless surveillance (dipping) of a potential application site indicates a larva/pupa count of greater than 1 per 3 dips..." However, it does go on to say"...unless dead birds, infected horses, or adult mosquito surveys indicate the presence of vector mosquitoes when larvae counts cannot be made due to their inaccessibility. In these cases larviciding may be desirable or even necessary without the larvae dips." In other words, it says that you need to dip and find larvae before treating, but, if you can't dip (ex. inaccessible vault or storm drain)you can treat if you have vectors around -and King County has WNV vectors identified through its mosquito surveillance. And here's where it is likely intentionally ambiguous: It also states that if there are WNV positives (ex. dead birds, horses) then larviciding may be desirable/necessary without dipping for larvae. Notice it doesn't say that WNV positives need to show up in your city, county, region of the state, etc. before treating without dipping - it's essentially a local decision. The other option which would allow treating without dipping (and avoid some of the ambiguity of S4) is S1.7 (page 7 of 16)which states "A state or local health officer, with agreement of Ecology, may order temporary suspension of permit conditions to protect public health in the event of a mosquito-borne disease outbreak." So, again, it doesn't say the outbreak needs to be happening in your"neighborhood" for the local health officer to order a temporary suspension of a permit condition, such as dipping before treating. Please share this with those who may have an interest. I hope this is somewhat helpful, if there are still questions, please let me know and we'll work on it. Thanks, Ben Hamilton, Health Services Consultant WA Department of Health, Zoonotic Disease Program PO Box 47825 Olympia, WA 98504 (360) 236-3364 Fax: (360) 236-2261 www.doh.wa.gov/ehp/ts/ZOO.HTM <www.doh.wa.gov/ehp/ts/ZOO.HTM> > Public Health -Always working for a safer and healthier Washington. t - T Public Health RECEIVED , Seattle & King County APR 12 2005 HEALTHY PEOPLE. HEALTHY COMMUNITIES. mAYORS OFRI 4.��srE Alonzo L.Plough,Ph.D., MPH,Director and Health Officer April 8, 2005 Jay Covington, City of Renton 1055 S. Grady Way Renton, WA 98055 Dear Mr. Covington: As the 2005 West Nile season approaches, I would like to extend my thanks to you for the City of Renton's participation over the last several years in the effort to minimize the threat of West Nile virus in King County. Washington State and King County were very fortunate not to see West Nile virus last year; we were the only state in the lower 48 not to have any human or animal cases. With West Nile clearly at our borders (see the enclosed map), I urge you once again to be involved as much as possible. King County, through Public Health — Seattle & King County, will continue to conduct human, animal, and insect surveillance, coordinate participating jurisdiction activities and training, conduct outreach and education, and work with county agencies to control mosquito habitat on King County properties, where appropriate and within the scope of the King County West Nile Virus Response Plan. As a partner with King County, it is our hope that the City of Renton will: 1) Update (or develop) your West Nile virus response plan that describes how your city will respond to resident inquiries and mosquito nuisance complaints; 2) Conduct surveillance for mosquito larvae and eliminate mosquito habitat when possible; 3) Apply larvicide where appropriate on city-owned properties-, 4) Educate residents, especially your senior citizens, about ways to reduce their risk of being bitten by mosquitoes. Mosquito control and public education are most effective when they occur during peak mosquito season, which is April through mid-October-, 5) Attend trainings and/or meetings offered by the County and State health departments; Public Health will be offering a West Nile virus seminar on April 22, 2005. 6) Be prepared to manage calls your staff will likely receive if/when you have human or animal cases of West Nile in your city. Environmental Health Services Division 999 Third Avenue,Suite 700 • Seattle,WA 98104-4039 T 206-205-4394 F 206-296-0189 TTY Relay:711 5 City of Seattle . King County www.metrokc.gov/health &•491b'212M Gregory J.Nickels,Mayor Ron Sims,Executive Jay Covington April 8, 2005 Page 2 Many cities last year designated a "point person" assigned to coordinate West Nile activities, and have that person able to communicate to top management about WNV issues. If your point person is new or changed, please contact Dave Christensen WNV Coordinator at Public Health — Seattle & King County at (206) 296-3998. Included with this letter are Public Health's updated West Nile Virus Phased Response Guidelines for King County, a template that you may find helpful in updating your city's West Nile Virus Response Plan, and the announcement for the April WNV training. Reducing mosquitoes by eliminating their habitat and larvae where appropriate will remain a local issue, but one that we are ready to assist you with in any way we can. West Nile virus is placing a burden on all of us, and we appreciate your efforts very much. If you have any feedback on working with us last year, or information or activities you would like to see from Public Health — Seattle & King County, please do not hesitate to contact our West Nile lead, Dr. Sharon Hopkins, at (206) 205-4394 or by e-mail at sharon.hopkins(a_metrokc.gov. Dr. Hopkins should also be contacted for any technical assistance your city needs in carrying out its West Nile virus response. Sincerely, Alonzo Plough, PhD Director and Health Officer, Public Health — Seattle & King County Enclosures 4 CDC:-West Nile CDC: West Nile Virus - Statistics, Surveillance, and Control >pf Maps 2004 Page 1 of 1 Close Window 2004 West Nile Virus Activity in the United States (reported to CDC as of January 11, 2005*) - Indicates human disease case(s). Awian,animal or mosquito infections. MT NDWA VT E NH OR ID 34 MASD WI RI NE IA PA 22 NY Lrr 4; IL IN CTCA 11 CO 57 A 44 12 1#' NJ TN N41 DE MD ' TX DC e �. AK _p158 wV� a HI � Puerto Rico 6 ML • =- *Currently, West Nile virus maps are updated regularly to reflect surveillance reports released by state and local health departments to CDC's ArboNET system for public distribution. Map shows the distribution of avian, animal, or mosquito infection occurring during 2004 with number of human cases if any, by state. If West Nile virus infection is reported to CDC from any area of a state, that entire state is shaded. Data table: s of January 11, 2005 avian or animal WNV infections have been reported to CDC ArboNET from the following states: Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, West Virginia, Wisconsin, Wyoming, and Puerto Rico. Human cases have been reported in: Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Connecticut, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Virginia, Wisconsin, and Wyoming. Maps detailing county-level human, mosquito, veterinary, avian and sentinel data are published each week on the collaborative USGS/CDC West Nile virus web site: http://westnilemaps.usgs.clov/ http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dvbid/westnile/surv&control04Maps_PrinterFriendly.htm 4/6/2005 t West Nile Virus (WNV) Phased Response Guidelines for Cities in King County Public Health—Seattle & King County Contact: Dr. Sharon Hopkins, WNV program lead, (206)205-0495 or Sharon.Hopkins@metrokc.gov Alert Definition Surveillance Response Education Response Control Response Level O Winter(off season) -Analyze surveillance findings from previous -Evaluate effectiveness of educational materials -Evaluate mosquito surveillance and larvaciding No mosquito activity; season and outreach from previous season and update activities from previous year plans for coming season approx Nov—Mar -Review and update mosquito and bird -Develop control plans including capacity to In King County surveillance plans for coming season and -Restock brochures and other educational respond in the event a major WNV outbreak in the secure materials,funding and other resources materials;check with Public Health for availability coming season requires extensive larval control of new materials efforts or adult mosquito spraying -Prepare for larvaciding of city properties by obtaining NPDES permit through the WA Dept of Health;have designated staff obtain PCO licensing,or contract with private pest control operator to provide larvaciding services during mosquito season if needed Spring,summer& -Inventory&map mosquito habitat -Inform city staff of recommended personal -Use integrated pest management principles to 1 fall protection measures against mosquito bites via guide control efforts No positive Conduct mosquito surveillance at city Human Resources,city intranet sites,and staff properties by larval dipping and periodically meetings;consider providing mosquito repellent -Initiate source reduction of mosquito habitat at surveillance findings report results to Public Health products to field staff city-owned properties in King County in the current calendar year -Field employees such as Parks or Utilities -Keep city Public Information Officer informed of -Encourage source reduction by homeowners, (e.g.,no WNV crews should report dead bird sightings and WNV status and key public messages consistent businesses,and housing developments positive birds or monitor mosquito habitat with local and state recommendations mosquito pools and no WNV cases in -Respond to mosquito complaints from citizens humans or horses) -Encourage citizen reports of dead birds or -Provide public education and outreach on WNV significant mosquito problems to Public Health prevention emphasizing mosquito habitat -Consider use of larvacides at city facilities,water reduction and personal protection against features and drainage systems identified as -When feasible,submit live mosquito larva mosquito bites having potential mosquito vector species and samples to Public Health for species Examples of public outreach include: where larval counts meet or exceed a identification • Establish or maintain WNV information predetermined level in the range of 0.3-5 larva per-With assistance of Public Health,determine on city web site with links to Public dip At Alert Level 1, larvaciding may be associations between known mosquito vectors Health WNV pages atwww,metrokc.gov/hlth/ til limited to sources in proximity to www.metrokc.gov/health/westnile and habitat type vulnerable populations such as senior • Encourage citizens to report dead bird sightings&mosquito activity housing,densities of population>50 Insert WNV prevention yrs of age,and outdoor venues used at • dusk and evening hours messages/brochures in utility statements,city newsletters,etc -Prepare plans for control response to higher Alert • Make WNV educational materials Levels;obtain supplies of larvacide or have plan available at community&senior centers, for obtaining sufficient larvacide rapidly if needed parks,sports fields,festivals,and other community events and gathering places -Participate in discussions of the feasibility of forming mosquito control districts in King County i 1 Alert Definition Surveillance Response Education Response Control Response Level Summer or fall -Continue activities of Alert Level 1 -Continue activities described in Alert Level 1 -Continue control activities in Alert Level 1 2 Areas with confirmed -Conduct intensified surveillance in areas of - Update city web site emphasizing presence of -Monitor street drains/catch basin in proximity to WNV activity in wild positive findings to identify possible sources& WNV in the area and prevention measures vulnerable populations for mosquito production birds and/or mosquito mosquito species and apply larvacides if Indicated pools but no positive -Increase public education emphasizing personal surveillance findings -Expand surveillance in areas adjacent to protection,particularly for persons over 50 -Intensify mosquito habitat/source reduction and prior to August 1 those with positive WNV surveillance findings larval control at facilities,water features,and -Provide personal protection information(and drainage systems in proximity to areas with (See Alert level 3 if -Assist Public Health in conducting live mosquito repellent products if feasible)to positive WNV surveillance findings positive birds or mosquito trapping and intensified larval homeless persons mosquitoes occur surveillance in areas with positive WNV -Provide information and/or support for appropriate before August 1) surveillance findings -Prepare or update news articles for use by control responses by private agencies, senior-oriented newsletters or other publications businesses,and organizations in the city with and encourage public education via local or mosquito habitat and/or facilities,water features regional newspapers with attention to non-English- and drainage systems under their authority speaking residents Review or develop plans for adult mosquito -Send Public Health's"Mosquito Control Fact control should it be determined,in consultation Sheet for Private Property Owners"to persons or with Public Health,that this control step is organizations known to have potential mosquito necessary in limited locales breeding habitat,facilities,water features,and drainage systems Spring, summer or -Continue with surveillance activities Continue efforts described in Alert Level 2 -Intensity habitat reduction and larval control at 3 fall described in Alert Level 2 facilities,water features and drainage systems Keep city Public Information Officer informed and throughout the city Initial confirmation of ready to disseminate the public information that WNV positive bird will be needed if adult mosquito spraying is Larvaciding of street drains/catch collected before undertaken basins in proximity to vulnerable August 1 and/or a populations may be necessary at this horse or human case; -Expand public information to include TV, radio alert level,based on the experience of and frequent newspaper reports emphasizing other US cities in past years OR multiple positive personal protection,particularly for persons over birds or mosquito 50,as resources allow -Intensify efforts to encourage and coordinate pools in the absence appropriate control responses by private agencies, or horse or human -Mobilize community group efforts for mosquito businesses,and organizations with mosquito cases source reduction such as neighborhood clean up habitat,facilities,water features and drainage days;provide prevention information at community systems under their authority festivals,health fairs and outdoor events -Be prepared to respond if Public Health -Encourage citizens and community partners to determines specific areas of high human risk and actively assist elderly or disabled residents with the need for limited,targeted adult mosquito source reduction,screening windows,screen spraying within your jurisdiction repairs,and use of mosquito repellents and other protection An example is spraying of a park the day before an evening public event such as a outdoor concert -Review criteria and plans for more wide-spread adult mosquito spraying efforts should the Alert Level increase to Level 4 Alert Definition Surveillance Response Education Response Control Response Level Spring,summer or -Continue with surveillance activities - Intensify efforts described in previous alert levels -Continue intense larval control and habitat 4 fall described in Alert Level 2 with emphasis on reduction determining areas with significant populations -Engage local community leaders and Surveillance indicates of adult mosquitoes of vector species government officials to speak about WNV -With direction and technical support from Public high risk of multiple Health, initiate on-going adult mosquito spraying human infections,an -Enhance risk communications to public and program in high risk areas escalating epizootic in owners of private facilities,water features and horses and/or birds, drainage systems about adult mosquito spraying -In conjunction with state agencies or Public abundant adult Health,monitor effectiveness of spraying on target vectors and condi- mosquito populations when adult spraying is done tions favoring continued trans- mission to humans. Public Health Emergency may be declared. Guidelines for a Phased Response to West Nile virus using surveillance data The phased response plan uses a range of surveillance data and the timing of the surveillance findings to guide community response to the threat of West Nile virus (WNV). The principal goal is to minimize the health impact of WNV in our citizens, as well as in domestic and zoo animals and in wildlife. We have a limited (but increasing) understanding of the ecology and epidemiology of arboviruses such as the West Nile virus in the US, so it is important to realize that predicting the arrival and intensity of WNV activity in any given area is difficult. It is also important to note that, while prevention and control measures will aid in mitigating the effects of WNV in a community, it is unlikely that human infections can be entirely prevented. Surveillance for WNV in dead birds (especially crows and jays) is likely to provide the earliest warning of the arrival of West Nile virus in our region; citizens and city governments are asked to assist Public Health in its dead bird reporting and testing program. Surveillance for mosquito larva is another critical component which is used to guide cost-effective mosquito control efforts; city governments are asked to monitor for mosquito larva in city-owned properties and report results to Public Health, Public Health also has programs for surveillance of WNV in captured adult mosquitoes ("mosquito pool testing"), monitoring of WNV testing performed by local blood centers, and for collecting reports of equine and human cases of WNV. Cities should also be aware that new mosquito habitat is being created continually by housing developments, public and private construction projects, flooding, and land use changes. Periodic assessments should be undertaken to identify new mosquito habitat and implement surveillance if necessary. City officials are encouraged to seek consultation with Public Health—Seattle & King County in interpretation and application of these guidelines. We also encourage cities to join the Public Health-sponsored WNV Interagency Work Group which meets periodically from spring through fall and which keeps members informed of surveillance findings, recommendations, and educational resources through regular e-mail communications. Dr. Sharon Hopkins of the Environmental Health Services Division is Public Health's lead for the WNV Program and is available for questions and technical assistance. She can be contacted by e-mail (Sharon.Hookins(@metrokc.gov) or telephone (206-205-0495). The mailing address is 999 Third Avenue, Suite 700, Seattle, WA 98104. Also, we encourage city officials to review the many WNV resources available at our web site at http://www.metrokc.gov/health/westnile/ Template for West Nile Virus Response Plan For use by municipalities and partner agencies, 2005 Resources: - Do people who are handling WNV know whom to contact if they need educational materials(i.e. WNV video, fact sheets&brochures)or training and/or technical assistance with WNV surveillance, education, or control? Contact person: David Christensen,Public Health—Seattle&King County,Environmental Health Division(206)296-3998 or david.christensen(i,metrokc.gov - Do people who are handling WNV know whom to contact at Public Health in the event of positive surveillance findings? Contacts: Sharon Hopkins(206)2054394 or David Christensen(2206)296-3998 Media relations/PIO: Hilary Karasz-Domingo ez(206)296-4767 ♦ Some Educational materials,including translations,can be downloaded and printed for reproduction from the Public Health website at http://www.metrokc.gov/health/westnile Outreach and Education: - Designated person to handle media inquiries about WNV in my jurisdiction is: Phone number: Designated person to handle public inquiries about WNV activities in my jurisdiction is: Phone number: - What are the mechanisms in place to disseminate educational materials to the residents of the jurisdiction?(for example: libraries,city/agency website,newsletters,community service centers, senior center,city hall,utility billing inserts) - Do the residents of your jurisdiction know where and how to report dead bird sightings? Public Health—Seattle&King County-Environmental Health Division(206)-205-4394 or web-based reporting at www.metrokc.gov/health/westnile - Do the residents of your jurisdiction know whom to ask environmental health aspects; dead bird and mosquito complaints;WNV prevention and general West Nile virus questions? All questions go to Public Health—Seattle&King County,Environmental Health Division(200 205-4394. - For human health questions contact Public Health—Seattle&King County,Communicable Disease- Epidemiology, (206)296-4774. Surveillance: - Staff person coordinating surveillance: Phone: - Is there a map of potential mosquito habitat for properties owned by the jurisdiction? Potential mosquito habitat includes stormwater ponds,catchbasins,swamps,parks,and other structures,etc. - Are staff routinely surveying possible mosquito habitat areas or mosquito problem areas for mosquito larvae or adult mosquitoes? - Is there a plan to include residential developments in mosquito surveillance? - Do you know how to obtain mosquito surveillance equipment and mosquito surveillance training? Contact David Christensen,WNV Coordinator, Public Health—Seattle&King County, Environmental Health Division,(206)296-3998. Template for West Nile Virus Response Plan Page 2 of 2 Control: - Person coordinating mosquito control activities: Phone: - Are there staff in place to field mosquito inquiries from residents of your jurisdiction? - Does the jurisdiction have a NPDES permit(Aquatic Mosquito Control National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System(NPDES)Waste Discharge General Permit)? A NPDES permit is needed to do any mosquito control work over a body of water, and mosquito larvae are found in aquatic environments. For information and on-line application procedure,see the WA Dept.of Health web site at http://www.doh.wa.gov/ehp/ts/Zoo/WNV/Pernut.html - Do appropriate city staff have Pest Control Operator(PCO)licenses in the event larviciding is necessary? Or is there a plan to contract out mosquito control and surveillance activities? Information about PCO training and licensing is available from Washington State University's Pesticide Education Program at http://pep.wsu.edu/Education/plt/pltscwe.html - Are there staff in place who do mechanical methods of mosquito control(examples: cleaning roof gutters,reducing standing water on properties owned or maintained by the jurisdiction, screens on windows)(this is for public or city owned properties only). - Designated staff to do mosquito control work in your jurisdiction if necessary? Contacts: Phone number: Phone number: Phone number: Phone number: West Nile Virus Training — April 22, 2005 — Eastgate PH office AGENDA 8:45 Registration 9:00 Welcome Dr. Ngozi Oleru, Public Health—Seattle& Expectations of cities and partner agencies King County, Director of Environmental Health 9:20 Epidemiology of WNV—current national picture Tom Gibbs,WNV Animal Surveillance and outlook for western states in 2005 Coordinator,WA Dept of Health or Leslie Spangler, WNV Coordinator, DOH 9:40 WNV disease--the human side Amy Bode, Public Health Assistant Medical Director for Communicable Disease/Epidemiology 10:00 WNV prevention education and risk Hilary Karasz, Public Health Public communication Information Officer 10:15 Break&door prizes 10:30 NPDES Permit Ben Hamilton, DOH 10:45 Dept Natural Resource's program for mosquito Dan Willot, King County Dept of Natural surveillance and larvaciding—practical Resources and Parks considerations and cost 11:15 City of Bellevue's approach to WNV control Phyllis Varner, Surface Water Manager, City of Bellevue 11:45 Public Health's Updated WNV Response Plan Sharon Hopkins, Public Health Veterinarian Questions and WNV Program lead 12:15 Wrap u 12:15— OPTIONAL: Training in mosquito larva dipping Dave Christensen, Public Health WNV 1:00 techniques and review of data collection forms Coordinator w f •� Public Health Seattle & King County HEALTHY PEOPLE. HEALTHY COMMUNITIES. Alonzo L.Plough,Ph.D.,MPH,Director and Health Officer April 21, 2005 Contact: Hilary Karasz, Public Health 206-296-4767 Kathy Alm, Little Bit 425-882-1554 West Nile virus likely in King County in 2005, Public Health says KING COUNTY, WA- Today, Public Health- Seattle & King County announced that King County can expect to see cases of West Nile virus this summer, given that the mosquito-borne virus infected people in surrounding states in 2004. In 2002, Pierce, Snohomish, and other Washington counties had cases of West Nile virus in birds. "West Nile virus was waiting at our borders last year,though we were fortunate to be the only state in the lower 48 without cases,"said Dr. Sharon Hopkins, Public Health veterinarian for Public Health-Seattle& King County. "We may not be so lucky this year so we all need to take steps to avoid harboring mosquitoes and getting bitten." Dr. Hopkins joined Kathy Alm, Executive Director of Little Bit Therapeutic Riding Center in Woodinville,where the horses were given booster vaccinations for West Nile virus. "West Nile virus is a threat to horses as well as people, and the vaccinations help our horses stay safe. We serve people with disabilities who rely on us for essential therapy that only horses can provide, so we owe it to them as well as our horses to do everything we can to prevent West Nile virus." Protect yourself from mosquitoes Dr. Hopkins added that while there is no human vaccination,people can protect themselves from West Nile virus by taking simple steps to avoid being bitten, such as: 0 Remove standing water near your home • Repair screens on windows and doors • Wear clothing with full coverage when mosquitoes are biting • Use an insect repellent to keep from being bitten Dr. Hopkins also discussed how people can report dead crows and other birds to Public Health. A small percentage of reported crows will be tested for West Nile virus,but Public Health's emphasis is on recording where the dead birds were found. A spike in bird deaths may indicate that West Nile virus has arrived, and possibly the areas of the county where the virus is circulating. Office of the Director 999 Third Avenue,Suite 1200• Seattle,WA 98104-4039 City of Seattle O King County T(206)296-4600 F(206)296-0166• www.metrokc.gov/health 1 Gregory J.Nickels,Mayor Ron Sims,Executive Not all mosquito species that live in King County are capable of carrying the West Nile virus, and not all capable carriers are infected. The mosquito of biggest concern is Culex pipiens, or the northern house mosquito. Culex pipiens prefers to lay eggs in small amounts of standing water commonly found around houses in buckets,wheelbarrows, clogged drains and discarded tires. Removing this habitat will reduce the number of mosquitoes near people's homes. Tips for reducing habitat and preparing the home: • Tip out barrels,buckets and wheelbarrows • Tip out containers such as toys, cans or plant saucers • Empty children's wading pools when not in use • Change water in birdbaths and animal troughs at least once a week • Get rid of used tires • Clean garden ponds • Recycle old bottles,buckets and cans • Clean leaf-clogged gutters • Empty water from flower pot dishes • Dump water off of tarps and plastic sheeting • Repair leaky outdoor faucets • Cover rain barrels with mosquito screens • Repair ripped windows and door screens and make sure they fit tight • Consider adding a screen door to doors that often are left open Tips to avoid getting bitten when mosquitoes are out—often at dawn and dusk: • Wear long sleeve shirts and long pants. • Consider using an insect repellent. The CDC recommends repellents containing the chemical N,N-diethyl-meta-toluamide(DEET),which are known to be very effective and safe for use with children and adults. It is important to read the label and follow the instructions on the label carefully. • Long lasting and effective alternatives to products containing DEET are available. Insect repellents containing Picardin may be a good choice for some individuals. West Nile virus is a mosquito-borne virus that is spread to humans through the bite of an infected mosquito. A mosquito becomes infected by biting an infected bird that carries the virus. West Nile virus is not spread by person-to-person contact, nor is it transmitted directly from birds or other animals to people. Mosquito season,when West Nile virus is of most concern, runs from spring through late fall. Though West Nile virus is primarily a bird disease, it is frequently fatal in horses. When people become infected, about 20% experience an illness with mild-to-severe flu-like symptoms. In a small number of cases, infected people have more serious neurological illnesses such encephalitis or meningitis. The majority of people bitten by infected mosquitoes do not experience any symptoms. Little Bit Therapeutic Riding Center provides therapy for children and adults with a wide range of physical, cognitive, and emotional disabilities, using horses' soothing rhythm, warmth, and movement pattern to improve circulation and muscle tone. Learning to ride also provides students with emotional satisfaction,who gain self-esteem and a feeling of accomplishment. Little Bit is one of the largest therapeutic riding centers in the country, serving almost 200 students each week with a horse stable of 18. More information: • Public Health—Seattle&King County: http://www.metrokc.gov/health/westnile • Little Bit Therapeutic Riding Center: hLtp://www.littlebit.org • Public Health— Seattle&King County West Nile hotline: 206-205-3883 • To report a dead crow: 206-205-4395 • State Department of Health http://www.doh.wa.gov/ehp/ts/Zoo/WNV/WNV.htmi • The CDC's insect repellent use and safety page: http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dvbid/westnile/qa/insect repellent.htm. West Nile Virus, United States, 2004 indicates human disease case(s). i.• Avian,animal or mosquito infections. IA IT VIEW MT NOEta NH[:] OR TO 34 MAD > RI 10 IA PA NE CT IL IN Ul 12io-k —� Na DE AZ OK AR SC a Al J MD AL r.A t 3+ TX 4` DE AK ory1113 �`.. wv0 HIPuerto Rico Centers for Disease Control and Prevention httu://www.edc.gov/ncidod/dvbid/westnile/surv&control04Maps.htm CITY OF RENTON PLANNING/BUILDING/PUBLIC WORKS MEMORANDUM DATE: May 19, 2004 CQNCI TO: Dennis Culp DATE: r�ljv= Leslie Betlach NAME ITIA ,!n , Lys Hornsby lle�i . Mike Stenhouse ri ° Neil Watts FROM: Gregg Zimmerman - SUBJECT: West Nile Virus-Response to Commonly Asked Questions Now that summer is approaching, mosquitoes are beginning to emerge from local wetlands and ponds. With the increasing numbers comes the possibility of contracting West Nile Virus fr D an infected mosquito. Although Washington State has had a few reported animal infections nowere reported last year), the State Department of Health is anticipating the State's first h a case this year. As awareness of the virus increases, it is especially important that the City be to disseminate information to the Public as efficiently and effectively as possible. The enclosed packet contains commonly asked questions and standard responses concerning the West Nile Virus. This information should be made available to your staff in the event they are asked West Nile Virus related questions from the public, while working in the office or in the field. One of the response sheets deals exclusively with questions related to mosquito control on private property, while the other addresses general questions related to the virus. Also included in the packet is a sheet containing West Nile Virus contact phone numbers and web sites for both the State and County Departments of Health and three informational brochures that can be placed at customer service counters for public use. The intent is for City staff in other departments and divisions to become familiar with the questions and responses, so they will be able to answer general questions regarding West Nile Virus. If a citizen wants to complain about a specific mosquito problem, the staff person should refer them to the King County Hotline. If a staff person is unable or uncomfortable answering any questions,they should refer the caller to Surface Water Utility staff. Please have your customer service staff call Allen Quynn, x7247, to obtain the informational brochures. If you have any questions,please call Ron Straka at x7248. Enclosure cc: Jay Covington Ron Straka Allen Quynn H:\File Sys\SWP-Surface Water Projects\SWP-27-Surface Water Projects(CIP)\27-2000 Mosquito Abatement Program\West Nile Virus\2004\Response Memo.doc\AQtp AilenlOynn - Follow up to Municipalities Training Page 1 From: "Helms, Leah" <Leah.Helms@METROKC.GOV> To: /o=METROKC/ou=DMS/cn=NR/cn=cdun <IMCEAEX-_O=METROKC_OU=DMS_CN=NR_CN=CDUN@METROKC.GOV>, "Adams, Caren" <Caren.Adams@METROKC.GOV>, Allen Quynn <aquynn@ci.renton.wa.us>, "Beleford, June" <June.Beleford@METROKC.GOV>, "Bode, Amy" <Amy.Bode@METROKC.GOV>, "Bradley, Lori" <Lori.Brad ley@METRO KC.GOV>, "Brady, Terry" <Terry.Brady@METRO KC.GOV>, "Bretzke, Daniel" <bretzke@com cast.net>, "Brown, Kathy" <Kathy.Brown @METROKC.GOV>, "Bucich, Paul" <paul.bucich@cityoffederalway.com>, "Chang, Fu" <fchang@ci.covington.wa.us>, "Clinton, Laurie" <Laurie.Clinton@METROKC.GOV>, Daniel Bretzke <danielb@ci.burien.wa.us>, "Davis, Jefferson" <jdavis@ci.kent.wa.us>, "DeBolt, Chas" <Chas.DeBolt@METROKC.GOV>, "Duchin, Jeff' <Jeff.Duchin@METROKC.GOV>, "Galbraith, Greg" <gregg@ci.issaquah.wa.us>, "Galvin, Dave" <Dave.Galvin@METROKC.GOV>, "Gibbs, Tom" <tom.gibbs@doh.wa.gov>, "Gonsner, Scott" <sgonsar@ci.kirkland.wa.us>, "Griffin, Leo" <Leo.Griffin@METROKC.GOV>, "Harding, Maurice B" <pharding@ci.bellevue.wa.us>, "Harris, Logan" <Logan.Harris@METRO KC.GOV>, "Heaton, Bill" <Bill.Heaton@METROKC.GOV>, "Holmes, Kirk" <kholmes@ci.snoqualmie.wa.us>, "Hopkins, Sharon" <Sharon.Hopkins@METROKC.GOV>, "Hornsby,Lys" <Ihornsby@ci.renton.wa.us>, "Humes, Diane" <dhumes.@ci.snoqualmie.wa.us>, "Johnson, Cathy" <Cathy.Johnson @METRO KC.GOV>, "Karasz, Hilary" <Hilary.Karasz@METROKC.GOV>, "Kennison, Gary" <gary.ken nison@ci.maple-valley.wa.us>, "Kraft, Elaine" <Elaine.Kraft@METROKC.GOV>, "Krank, Ken" <Ken.Krank@METROKC.GOV>, "LaFrance, Eric" <elafrance@ci.sammamish.wa.us>, "Loch, Andy" <aloch@ci.shoreline.wa.us>, "Maulding, Jimmi" <jimmi.maulding@ci.mercer-island.wa.us>, "McGauran, Catey" <cmcgauran@medina-wa.gov>, "Meehar, Maureen" <maureen.meehar@ci.bothell.wa.us>, "Monzaki, Yoshiro" <yoshm@ci.woodinville.wa.us>, "Moore, Kimberly" <Kimberly.Moore@METROKC.GOV>, "Ogershok, Rochelle" <Rochelle.Ogershok@METROKC.GOV>, "Olson, Frank" <folson@desmoineswa.gov>, "Osmek, Steve" <osmek.s@portseattle.org>, "Partee, Ryan" <rpartee@ci.tukwilla.wa.us>, "Peacock, Ann" <Ann.Peacock@METROKC.GOV>, "Rauschenberg, Sue" <Sue.Rauschenberg@METROKC.GOV>, "Sanders, Jim" <jim.sanders@metrokc.gov>, "Schunke, Jim" <jschunke@ci.pacific.wa.us>, Shannon Kelleher<shan non.kelleher@seattle.gov>, "Sizemore, David" <David.Sizemore@METROKC.GOV>, "Skilton, Christopher" <Christopher.Ski lton@Metrokc.gov>, "Smith, Dan" <daniel.smith@cityoffederalway.com>, "Stahn, Dana" <stahl.d@portseattle.org>, "Strehle, Shelia" <shelia.strehle@seattle.gov>, "Sugg, Rick" <rick.sugg@seattle.gov>, "Swanson, Talon" <Talon.Swanson @METROKC.GOV>, "Varner, Phyllis" <pvarner@ci.bellevue.wa.us>, "Warner, Jo Ellen" <Joellen.Warner@METROKC.GOV>, "Willott, Dan" <Dan.Willott@METROKC.GOV>, "Zenk, Frank" <fzenk@ci.lake-forest-park.wa.us> Date: 5/3/2005 12:15:08 PM Subject: Follow up to Municipalities Training Hello Everyone, First of all, let me introduce myself. I'm Leah Helms and recently took the position of West Nile Virus Coordinator at Public Health--Seattle & King County. I am working with Dr. Sharon Hopkins, PH veterinarian and WNV lead, and our Media Officer, Hilary Karasz-Dominguez. While I'm new to the WNV program, I've been at Public Health since 2003 working with as an inspector for the Food Program and handling complaints in the Vector/Nuisance program. I look forward to working with all of you in the WNV Interagency Work Group. WNV Interagency Work Group Meeting: We are planning the season's first meeting for Friday May 20 from 1:30 to 3 pm. The location is likely to be in the Renton area and the agenda is to be determined. Please e-mail me with topics you'd like to see discussed at the May and June meetings. Annual WNV Training: Public Health -Seattle & King County kicked off the West Nile Virus season with a successful 2005 Training for Municipalities on April 22, 2005 at the Eastgate Public Health Clinic. Representatives from 25 cities and agencies throughout King County attended. If you were unable to Allen`QGynn - Follow up to Municipalities Training Page 2 attend the training call Leah Helms, Public Health WNV Coordinator, at 206-296-3998 or contact me by e-mail at leah.helms@metrokc.gov and I will send you a training packet. The training packet includes a WNV Response Plan template, WNV Phased Response Guidelines for King County, information about mosquito control and larvaciding permits, and an order form for brochures and other public education materials. FINALLY! News on new Mosquito Repellents: Up until now, the Centers for Disease Control & Prevention and other government agencies had primarily recommended DEET-based mosquito repellents for WNV prevention. While effective, many people find that DEET has some drawbacks--including odor, feel on the skin, and effects on plastic materials--and were anxious for effective alternatives. On April 28, 2005 the CDC released updated information regarding mosquito repellents which now promotes Picaridin (KBR 3023), a mosquito repellent that has been available for many years in Europe and elsewhere as an alternative to DEET formulations. Picaridin is being marketed by Spectrum Products under the name "Cutter Advanced". Oil of Lemon Eucalyptus was also listed as effective. A copy of the CDC press release is attached and the updated information can be found on the CDC website at http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dvbid/westnile/RepellentUpdates.htm <http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dvbid/westnile/RepellentUpdates.htm> . Here is an excerpt from the CDC press release: «WNV Release FINAL.pdf>> "Picaridin, also known as KBR 3023, is an ingredient found in many mosquito repellents used in Europe, Australia, Latin America and Asia for some time. Evidence indicates that it works very well, often comparable with DEET products of similar concentration. One product, containing 7 percent picaridin, is being distributed in the United States for the first time this year. The other repellent is oil of lemon eucalyptus (also known as p-menthane 3,8- diol or PMD), a plant-based mosquito repellent that provided protection time similar to low concentration DEET products in two recent studies. It is available in a variety of formulations throughout the United States." Dead bird testing starts: Public Health - Seattle & King County resumed routine dead bird testing and mosquito surveillance beginning May 2, 2005. We are intensifying our bird collection efforts with the goal of testing 150 for the 2005 season (93 were tested in 2004). Starting in June, we will also be trapping adult mosquitoes for WNV pool testing throughout the county in nine separate locations. Please remember to report dead bird sightings to Public Health at 206-205-4394 or on-line at http://www.metrokc.gov/health/westnile/deadbird.htm <http://www.metrokc.gov/health/westnile/deadbird.htm> Updated WNV Resource list: We also have an updated West Nile Virus Contacts and Resources list with WNV hotline numbers, useful websites, and WNV staff at Public Health--Seattle & King County and the Washington Department of Health. The document is attached. <<Contact& Resource List 5 05.doc>> Hope to see all of you on May 20th. Leah Leah Helms RS Health and Environmental Investigator West Nile Virus Coordinator .4',ilen-Glaynn- Follow up to Municipalities Training Page 3 Public Health Seattle & King County 999 Third Ave, Suite 700 Seattle, WA 98104 206-296-3998 n.. DATE E iT l: CitySource June 2005 Grapevine ' Pf Mosquito Habitat Prevention is Best Strategy to Control W Mosquito season is rapidly approaching here in the Pacific Northwest,which means the potential return of the West Nile virus. The West Nile virus was first detected in Washington State in the fall of 2002,when two birds and two horses tested positive for the virus. West Nile virus is spread to humans by the bite of an infected mosquito.A mosquito becomes infected by biting a bird that carries the virus.Individuals cannot get West Nile virus from a person who has the disease.It is not spread by person-to-person contact. Most people who are infected with the West Nile virus either have no symptoms, or experience mild flu-like symptoms before fully recovering. Some people develop a mild rash or swollen lymph glands. In rare cases,particularly with the elderly, West Nile virus can cause encephalitis or meningitis. Only about 1 in 150 infected people experience the more serious symptoms. Although the King County Health Department is the lead agency for responding to the West Nile virus,the City of Renton has developed a response plan to augment the Department of Health program.The City's strategy emphasizes prevention as the best protection from West Nile virus and consists of monitoring for the presence of the virus using the Health Department surveillance data; supporting public education on what residents can do to protect themselves from bites and to reduce mosquito habitat;minimizing mosquito-breeding habitat on City property; and applying larvicide to City owned facilities with standing water, if mosquito larva are present in accordance with the City's Aquatic Mosquito Control Permit or as directed by the Health Department. You are encouraged to protect yourself by taking the following precautions: • Screening doors and windows. • Eliminating standing water on your property-clean out gutters,dispose of old tires, empty buckets and flowerpot dishes, and fix leaky faucets. • Changing water in watering troughs and birdbaths weekly. • Staying indoors at dusk and dawn. • Wearing long pants, long sleeve shirts and socks when outdoors. • Screening rain barrels or other containers that can't be drained. • Consider using a mosquito repellent containing DEET,Picaridin or Oil of Lemon Eucalyptus(follow directions on the product label). If you notice that mosquitoes are a problem,please call Public Health at 206-205-4394. For additional information on the West Nile virus and how you can protect yourself from mosquito bites,visit the local Health Department website at www.metrokc.gov/health/westnile or call the Public Health Department's West Nile Virus Hotline at 206-205-3883. H:\File Sys\SWP-Surface Water Projects\SWP-27-Surface Water Projects(CIP)\27-2000 Mosquito Abatement Program\West Nile Virus\2005 WNV\City Correspondence\WNV Article for City Source June 2005.doc\AQtp F West Nile Virus (WNV) Phased Response Plan (Draft) Renton's West Nile Virus (WNV)Response Role: WNV is a public health issue and public health agencies are the experts. Renton's role is to support the federal, state, and local public health agencies in addressing this public health issue by supporting their surveillance program, supporting their education and outreach program(for Renton's citizens and City workers)and applying control measures(to reduce mosquito-breeding habitat& mosquito pools)to City-owned facilities and lands, consistent with public health alert levels and recommended response. Alert Definition Surveillance Response Education Response Control Response Level 0 Mosquito Inactivity No planned surveillance by the Prepare/update/order informational pieces Update West Nile Response Plan based on Period city. for treatment of private facilities,property, recommendation from the State and local health personal protection,website page,FAQs and departments. (November—March) media articles. Determine best control response strategy for treatment of Check with King County Department of city-owned stormwater management facilities based on Health(KC DOH)and Washington State census data,recommendations from state and local health Department of Health(WS DOH)for departments, other jurisdictions,and best available availability of updated information and science. materials. Based on set criteria established above,prepare for Make budget request for staff time to larviciding of city-owned properties,which include the prepare and execute public outreach portion following; of WNV Response Plan. • Ensure sufficient budget for larvicide treatment based on treatment strategy, • Identify possible private pest control operators, • Verify NPDES permit is valid for treatment period,and/or • Ensure sufficient number of licensed staff should city elect to larvicide in-house. Prepare/update survey of high-density elderly residential HAFile Sys\SWP-Surface Water Projects\SWP-27-Surface Water Projects(CIP)\27-2000 Mosquito Abatement Program\West Nile Virus\2005 WNV\City Correspondence\Draft updated Response Plan 05.01.2005.doc\AQ\tb Page I R E N T 0 N a West Nile Virus (WNV) Phased Response Plan (Draft) Alert Definition Surveillance Response Education Response Control Response Level i population areas and city-owned surface water facilities. Prepare/update list of Homeowners Associations with private storm water facilities. 6A promo Designate POC for WNV. H:\File Sys\SWP-Surface Water Projects\SWP-27-Surface Water Projects(CIP)\27-2000 Mosquito Abatement Program\West Nile Virus\2005 WNV\City Correspondence\Draft updated Response Plan 05.01.2005.doc\AQ\tb Page 2 R E N T O N 4: West Nile Virus (WNV) Phased Response Plan (Draft) Alert Definition Surveillance Response Education Response Control Response Level Alin Ot 4 i►�paw.�la I Mosquito Activity Based on established control Inform city staff of recommended personal Initiate treatment of city stormwatei facilities based on Period response criteria,the city will protection measures against mosquito bites established control response criteria. inventory and map mosquito through staff meetings and informational (April—October) habitat on city-owned memos. Inspect city properties and take action to minimize property(ies)(including mosquito-breeding habitats. No positive surveillance stormwater management facilities, Hold intra-departmental meetings to review findings in King County wetlands,and other water bodies) each responsible department's role(s)related It is assumed, at this time, that the city will follow the in the current calendar that may contain mosquito habitat. to WNV. Remind city departments to take following control response criteria under Alert Level 1: year(e.g.,no WNV steps to minimize mosquito habitat on city- positive birds or mosquito Based on established control owned lands within their control. • Monitor for larva and apply larvicide a jrrC�fi`"` pools and no WNV cases response criteria,conduct necessary to all city-owned stormwatelponds in humans or horses). mosquito surveillance of city Provide WNV information to city residents (approximately ponds). properties by larval dipping and by: LL periodically report results to KC o X r}Ot s, i'A 17t dg) "`T'"'���y,, 6 • Inspect street drains and swale/ditches on city DOH. • Updating and maintain the WNV right-of-way based on citizen complaints and web page on the city's website. known problem areas. Educate city employees(that . Make KC DOH and WS DOH • Larvicide will be applied based on a minimum frequently work in the field)on larval count of 0.3 larva per dip. procedures for monitoring brochures available at locations mosquito habitat and reporting frequented by the public such as . Inspect city parks and facilities(including the dead birds. libraries,City Hall, Senior Center, City golf course and Henry Moses Aquatic community events(Renton River Center)for the presence of mosquito larva and Provide city residents with Days)and the Community Center. apply larvicide as necessary. information on how to report dead . Include WNV brochure with Participate in discussions of the feasibility of forming birds to KC DOH. Finance's Utility Billing statement mosquito control districts in King County. When feasible,submit live mailing. mosquito larva samples to Public West Nile Virus materials will address Health for species identification. issues relating to prevention,emphasizing mosquito habitat reduction and personal City staff to keep informed on protection against mosquito bites. WNV issues by attending regular KC DOH and WS DOH Provide designated city staff sponsored meetings. information/fact sheet on how to respond to H:\File Sys\SWP-Surface Water Projects\SWP-27-Surface Water Projects(CIP)\27-2000 Mosquito Abatement Program\West Nile Virus\2005 WNV\City Correspondence\Draft updated Response Plan 05.01.2005.doc\AQ\tb Page 3 R E N T 0 N West Nile Virus (WNV) Phased Response Plan (Draft) Alert Definition Surveillance Response Education Response Control Response Level citizen questions. Information/fact sheet will include responses to frequently asked questions. Contact known,private homeowner associations regarding larviciding their stormwater facilities. Providing information on contacting private pest control applicators,requirements for treatment,and obtain NPDES permitting, etc. c, b4ixj� A ii k6� A uAA H:\File Sys\SWP-Surface Water Projects\SWP-27-Surface Water Projects(CIP)\27-2000 Mosquito Abatement Program\West Nile Virus\2005 WNV\City Correspondence\Draft updated Response Plan 05.01.2005.doc\AQ\tb Page 4 R E N T O N West Nile Virus (WNV) V' Phased Response Plan (Draft) ,.Alert Definition Surveillance Response Education Response Control Response 2 Mosquito Activity Continue surveillance activities Continue public information activities Continue control response activities under Alert Level 1. Period described under Alert Level 1. described under Alert Level 1. Based on established control response criteria, monitor (April—October) Update city web page based on any new street drains/catch basin in proximity to vulnerable information provided by state and local populations for mosquito production. Larvicide will be Areas with confirmed health departments. applied based on a minimum larval count of 0.3 larva per WNV activity in wild dip. birds and/or mosquito Send KC DOH and WS DOH"Mosquito pools,but no positive Control Fact Sheet for Private Property It is assumed, at this time, that the city will follow the surveillance findings prior Owners"to persons or organizations known following response control criteria under Alert Level 2: to August 1. to have potential mosquito breeding habitat, facilities,water features,and drainage • Inspect street drains and swale/ditches within '/4- (See Alert Level 3 if systems. mile radius of the Senior Center and residential positive birds or areas with a high concentration of citizens over mosquitoes occur before 50 years of age{ ara hpx�-ism—R August 1) PORGentr-ation of -4uilpply larvicides if larval count is 0.3 larva per dip(minimum). Continue to encourage owners of private stormwater management facilities to take the steps necessary to monitor and treat with larvicide as needed. H:\File Sys\SWP-Surface Water Projects\SWP-27-Surface Water Projects(CIP)\27-2000 Mosquito Abatement Program\West Nile Virus\2005 WNV\City Correspondence\Draft updated Response Plan 05.01.2005.doc\AQ\tb Page 5 R E N T O N F- West Nile Virus (WNV) Phased Response Plan (Draft) Alert Definition Surveillance Response Education Response Control Response Level 3 Mosquito Activity Continue surveillance activities Continue efforts described in Alert Level 2. Continue control response activities under Alert Level 2. Period described under Alert Level 2. Expand public information to include City It is assumed, at this time, that the city will follow the (April—October) Cable TV,an _ r following response control criteria under Alert Level 3: emphasizing personal protection, Initial confirmation of particularly for persons over age 50,as • Larvicide all catch basins and swale/ditches WNV positive bird resources allow. with standing water within '/4-mile radius of collected before August 1, reported,positive WNV test surveillance and/or a horse or human Mail residents WNV additional findings in a bird,horse,or human. case; informational packets emphasizing personal protection and methods for minimizing The city may need to respond more aggressively by OR multiple positive mosquito habitat on private property. broadening treatment areas based on recommendation birds or mosquito pools in from the KC DOH and WS DOH. Additional treatment the absence of a horse or includes: human cases. • Larvicide all catch basins and swale/ditches with standing water within '/4-mile radius of reported,positive WNV test surveillance findings in a bird,horse, or human, and/or apply larvicide based on a minimum larval count of 0.3 larva per dip. City staff to review criteria and plan for more widespread adult mosquito spraying efforts should the Alert Level increase to Level 4. It is assumed that the state and local department of health, in conjunction with Department of Ecology,will go through the environmental review process and obtain all necessary permits to allow adulticiding in accordance with state law. HAFile Sys\SWP-Surface Water Projects\SWP-27- Surface Water Projects(CIP)\27-2000 Mosquito Abatement Program\West Nile Virus\2005 WNV\City Correspondence\Draft updated Response Plan 05.01.2005.doc\AQ\tb Page 6 R E N T O N a West Nile Virus (WNV) Phased Response Plan (Draft) Alert Definition Surveillance Response Education Response Control Response Level 4 Mosquito Activity Continue surveillance activities Continue efforts described in Alert Level 3. Continue control response activities under Alert Level 3. Period described under Alert Level 3. Based on established control response criteria,the city (April—October) will begin spraying of adult mosquitoes(adulticiding). Surveillance indicates It is assumed, at this time, that the city will follow the high risk of multiple following response control criteria under Alert Level 4: human infections,an escalating epizootic in • Apply adulticide within a ''/z-mile radius of the horses and/or birds, Senior Center,high concentration of people over abundant adult vectors, age 50 years of age and conditions favoring and areas of positive continued trans-mission to WNV infections reported in birds,horses, and humans. humans and/or apply larvicide based on a minimum larval count of 0.3 larva per dip. . KC DOH and/or WS DOH may declare public health emergency. H:\File Sys\SWP-Surface Water Projects\SWP-27-Surface Water Projects(CIP)\27-2000 Mosquito Abatement Program\West Nile Virus\2005 WNV\City Correspondence\Draft updated Response Plan 05.01.2005.doc\AQ\tb Page 7 RENTON w`�� �,,,,, • jo-��� sue' , ,fe.,�. d F -WSU Study Materials Information Study materials are a prerequisite.The course is based on information from the study materials. It is strongly advised that you obtain and study these materials before the course. Select study materials for the exams)'` you are planning to take. For manuals not listed below contact the WSU Bulletin Office at 800-723-1763 or 509-335-2857 or http://pep.wsu.edu/Education/StudyMaterials/studymaterials.htm. Publication Title Material # Price Publication Title Material# Price Private Applicator MISC0126 $1 1.00 Rights-of-Way Weed MISCO185 $8.00 Spanish Private Applicator MISC0126S $11.00 Insect & Disease Control MISC0175 $8.00 WA Laws & Safety/Dealer MISCO056 $10.00 Aquatic Pest Control MISC0134 $9.00 Turf& Ornamental Weed MISC0170 $8.00 Public Health Pest Control MISC0151 $8.00 Spanish Turf & Orn. Weed MISCO492S $14.00 Pest Control Operator(PCO) MISCO096 $16.00 Agricultural Weed MISC0167 $8.00 Key to the ID of WDOs EB1814 $4 00 ......-----_ WSDA Licensing On the day of the exam, you must pay Washington State Department of Agriculture (WSDA)for the license fee. Your registration fee paid to WSU for the training course does NOT cover your license fee. Have the proper payment in cash or check(payable r to WSDA) for your license type on the testing day. WSDA does not accept purchase orders. • License Fees: _.._.... _ _ ___ . _.__...- Private Applicator $25 Commercial Consultant $45 Public Operator $25 Commercial Applicator $170 46 ! Dealer/Manager $25 Commercial Operator $50 Private-Commercial Applicator $25 Public Consultant $25 Demonstration/Research $25 Structural Pest Inspector $45 For assistance with determining exam requirements: • http://agr.wa.gov//PestFert/docs/Form4375.pdf • WSDA toll free at 877-301-4555 • WSU at 253-445-4595, 253-445-4577, or 509-335-9222 Directions and parking information will be mailed with your confirmation letter and are available at http://pep.wsu.edu For the western Washington Recertification and IPM Program information or for the eastern Washington program information, please view http://pep.wsu.edu or call us at 509-335-2830. WSU Extension programs and employment are available to all without discrimination_ Evidence of noncompliance may be reported through your local WSU Extension office. WSU Pre-License Pesticide Training R�rl�tratll+�n k max. Pre-license training is for persons interested in preparing for pesticide curars license exams. For recertification program information, please go rr online to http://pep.wsu.edu or call 509 335 2830. WSU Course Information��� Pre-license training is for pesticide applicators, consultants, and dealers who would like to obtain a license. All exam categories will be available on testing day and will be administered by Washington State Depart- I j ment of Agriculture(WSDA).This WSU training focuses on 8 of the 26 WSDA exams. Not all exam topics are I covered. Courses do not cover seed treatment, soil fumigation, or Pest Control Operator (PCO) except where noted below for PCO/SPI course. All license types require attendance to all 3 days of training except: • Dealer Manager Day 1 only • Structural Pest Inspector Day 2 and 3 at Puyallup PCO/SPI course only If you hold a valid pesticide applicator license and are interested in adding a category,you need only attend the day that the category-specific information is covered. Course Agenda 2005 Training Schedule Day 1 8:30—11:30 a.m. Laws ix Labels Tacoma Pacific Lutheran Jan. 18, 19, 20 11:30—12:30 p.m. Lunch (on your own) University 12:30— 4:00 p.m. Personal Safety & Kirkland Lake Washington Feb. 1, 2, 3 Environmental Protection Technical College Day 2 PCOs and Structural Pest Inspectors 8:30—12:00 p.m. Insect and Disease Puyallup WSU Puyallup Feb. 22, 23, 24 Management Principles Note: Structural Pest Inspectors Feb. 23, 24 only 12:00— 1:00 p.m. Lunch (on your own) Lacey St. Martins Mar. 1, 2, 3 1:00— 4:00 p.m. Weed Management College Principles Seattle Univ. of WA Mar. 9, 10, 11 Day 3 Ctr. for Urban Hort. 8:30—11:30 a.m. Calibration, Calculations, and Review Vancouver WSU Vancouver Mar. 15, 16, 17 11:30—12:30 p.m. Lunch (on your own) SPANISH Turf and Ornamental Weed 12:30— 4:30 p.m. TESTING SESSION by Everett Snohomish Co. Mac 22, 23, 24 WSDA (must pay fee) Extension Building Bellingham Whatcom Mar. 29, 30, 31 Other WSU Pre-License Trainings Community College Register directly with our sponsors below Poulsbo Island Lake Park Apr. 12, 13, 14 Western Washington Golf Course Superintendents Association Puyallup WSU Puyallup May 3, 4, 5 December 6, 7, 8, 2004 Bellevue,WA ._.._ . _ __.______ For registration and information, contact Aquatic and Public Health Category Paul Backman, 360-705-3049 or www.wwgcsa.org i Puyallup WSU Puyallup May 5 Western Washington Horticultural Association i Private Applicator Training Training Coordinators: Becky Hines 253-445-4595 January 11, 12, 2005 Radisson at SeaTac,WA Carrie Foss 253-445-4577 For registration and information, contact wwha.wsu.edu Carol Ramsay 509-335-9222 wauhingtor� 14,ate Urtiv*er%ity 2005N Weslern Waohi.nqtosi Pre-License Ech,,,.,atgi,,tni Regimterwnlivie http://pep,wmx .edu Early i or rnai| entire p�gefor each registrant. Pre-License—for persons interested in preparing for license exams, P.ItmarkDeadline i 91/ m,wvnu Feb. l Feb. 2 Feb. 3 0 / 8 Name 913 Puyallup P[Ound 5P| CJ Feb. 22 LJ Feb. 23 �� Fcb� 24 ( -- — -- Seattleperso 915 Lacey 918 ~~ Mar. ' ~~ Mar. 10 -~ Mar. 11 02'23 Company Name UMar. 23 Company Address Bellingham925 , ,~ Mar, ^' ~~ Mar, ', ,~ Mar. '. ,° .~ City State- ___z/e_____ 935 Puyallup J May 3 L) May 4 IJ Company Phone FAX 938_' ~/~^~'' q~~~`~^~ ' ~~ Hea lth ~~ may ~ ~~~' Home Address > Qty, Title MISC Each Price You MUST provide UPS Shipping Address o State Zip — ----' ( } Home — Spanish Private Applicator 0126S l.00 Phone � Area Code WA Laws & Safety 0056 10.00 � 8O0 � � ---' Washington State 4�UO University � � Agricultural Weed 0167 830 No. of days @ $40 early = $______ = Rights-of-Way Weed 0185 DoO' ---- _� ----- !-- ' --- No. of days V $60 regular = $ —InsectDisease 0175 8.00 }�udyMaterials WILL NOT ShipmHandle r�e^ Aquatic Pest Control 0134 9.00 b« muV«d // your order b Study Materials Total (includes tax,`/h)= �______ � pvbxmdvnnom| s/H � 0151 8.00 ,oco/,ed less than 8 days Study Materials WILL NOT bo mailed/r your order o received less � PCO OO98 lh.OV �/ m �o� doyofdoo� � x ��»� - /�»» �*�»« (Pest Control Op) p/ monxdop p*,,tvnnt day vrclass, m motmmb will be ---- Your studynnote//p/s w///be /»1 - 1»o» s«» honx'dmxw,mdm'ouot the=o/stmtmnumxwhen rnucn^�m !�j Key to ID of WDOs l8l4 4.0O __--' hand-delivered ' �»»�- ��»u �»« . ---- -- - ' - -- -- ' ' | 25.01- *oou 7.00 TOTAL AMOUNT DUE = � � registration desk when you Study Materials � check in. ' *0.01 _ noo 000 ------ � Ship/Hond|eFee (see chart) $ � 7501 I0000 900 0 Subtotal �----- �000� -�z�oo �000 poymnentnnustoccoonponyn�/�trodon. ~ ------ a��� ummr - . Tov(7�096 �vbtoto|} � ���w` �°��r �"�''=^° � ove'mz5 c":1'ono'/zs'`/a3| Make payment to: N/osh/ngtonState Un/veo/ty � TOTAL(transfer total to right column) $-----' "e«�� vmm^' � ] j Check L] Money Order :J MasterCard �JV|SA A comf|mswtApn letter will be sent confirming the date(s) and |ocution($for which you are registered. Number Payment is required 0w |»trami Registrations postmarked Mr� day ofthe p "early" registrations at $40 per day; allName on card others are $60 per day, Note the early registration postmark dates in shaded columns, | Signature Exp. date Puy with check o, MasterCard, Visa; WSU does not accept purchase npdem. Fox registrations require | --------- MasterCard or VISA payment, NSU Pesticide Education does not accept Purchase Orders. Cancellations and refund requests can be made until 70 days prior to the date of the program for which you j 'o^-registration� form' vn and payment to: are mg|ste,ed.The reg�trationfe�less$lS'wiU re funded ca ncellation After that wou Pesticide cuucvuon ��*V time, couoefeeisho�eited. -- - cAHwmca,mer Transfers/substitutions are accepted any time, call (509) 335'28]Ooremail pesx@wsu.edw. P.O. uuxe462w Pullman, WA 9916+6247 ` Persons with a disability requiring special accommodation while participating in this conference may call VVSU | Phone oy)3ssau30,Fax(5 *)335-2959 ) ^ Extension Meeting Management and Program Support at(5O9)3]5-283O.If accommodation is not requested utleast Zweeks in advance, we cannot guarantee availability ofaccommodation on site. _______________ WASHINGTON STATE UNIVERSITY Presorted Standard U.S-POSTAGE EXTENSION PAID PULLMAN,WA Extension Meeting Management and Program Support PERMIT NO.i College of Agricultural,Human,and Natural Resource Sciences Washington State University PO Box 646230 Pullman,WA 99164-6230 Online Registration Guarantee your seat by registering and N paying online! JVV • • • age � f a: ' _ • A, '� ! suaexa asu01311 appilsad aol -" aaedwd of juem oqm a1doad ao j . �► Ida u011eJ1s123H uouTusUM uJalsaM . • �,�M uoT4Rap n J�A4a US a TaT�sa� asuaaiz-3Jd P. . a A11S?IAMNA 3.LVLS NO.L9NIHSVM SOOZ IFyPublic West Nile Virus (wNV) Health Seattle & King County Educational Materials HEALTHY PEOPLE. HEALTHY COMMUNITIES. Order Form Order Date: Phone Number: ( ) Ship To: Contact: Address.- City State Zip Code Quantity Requested Language Requested *WNV Video English or Spanish *King County WNV Brochure English or Spanish *Do You Know What's Bitting You?" Brochure English or Spanish *Mosquito Repellants: How to use it safely"—Brochure English WNV wallet card English & Spanish on one card WNV"Protect Your Home Against Mosquitoes" -Poster English or Spanish *Common questions &answers - Fact Sheet English, Khmer, Korean, Mandarin, Russian, Somali, Spanish, Vietnamese *WNV mosquito control on private property-Fact Sheet English Phone, Fax or mail your order request to: Public Health—Seattle & King County Environmental Health Services Division 999 3`d Avenue Suite, 700 Seattle, WA 98104-4039 Phone: (206) 205-4394 Fax: (206)296-0189 *Materials listed with an asterisk by the title can be downloaded and printed from the Public Health—Seattle &King County website at http://www.metrokc.00v/health/westnile. All materials are offered at no cost at this time, subject to change as determined by demand and budget. WNV Video: The first video is at no cost, additional copies at$15.00 each. West Nile Virus (WNV) Public Health Educational Materials Seattle & King County HEALTHY PEOPLE. HEALTHY COMMUNITIES. Order Form Order Date: Phone Number: ( ) Ship To: Contact: Address: City State Zip Code Quantity Requested Language Requested *WNV Video English or Spanish *King County WNV Brochure English or Spanish *Do You Know What's Bitting You?" Brochure English or Spanish *Mosquito Repellants: How to use it safely"—Brochure English WNV wallet card En lish & Spanish on one card WNV"Protect Your Home Against 3 Mosquitoes" -Poster `' _ n 5l i S English or Spanish *Common questions &answers - Fact Sheet English, Khmer, Korean, Mandarin, Russian, Somali, Spanish, Vietnamese *WNV mosquito control on private property-Fact Sheet English Phone, Fax or mail your order request to: Public Health—Seattle & King County Environmental Health Services Division 999 3rd Avenue Suite, 700 Seattle, WA 98104-4039 Phone: (206)205-4394 Fax: (206)296-0189 *Materials listed with an asterisk by the title can be downloaded and printed from the Public Health—Seattle &King County website at http://Www.metrokc.gov/health/westnile. All materials are offered at no cost at this time, subject to change as determined by demand and budget. WNV Video: The first video is at no cost, additional copies at$15.00 each. _/Y� __._ ' �"""`� West Nile Virus (WNV)s4 Public Health Educational Materials Seattle & King County HEALTHY PEOPLE. HEALTHY COMMUNITIES. Order Form Order Date: �� Phone Number: Ship To: n Contact: Address: City Zip Code *WNV Video Quantity Requested Language Requested English or Spanish *King County WNV Brochure English or Spanish *Do You Know What's Bitting You?" Brochure English orSpanish [A5 1'­�h *Mosquito Repellants: How to use it safely" —Brochure English WNV wallet card English & Spanish on one card WNV "Protect Your Home Against Mosquitoes" -Poster ; English or Spanish *Common questions & answers - Fact Sheet English, Khmer, Korean, Mandarin, Russian, Somali, Spanish, Vietnamese *WNV mosquito control on private property- Fact Sheet English Phone, Fax or mail your order request to: Public Health —Seattle & King County Environmental Health Services Division 999 3`d Avenue Suite, 700 Seattle, WA 98104-4039 Phone: (206)205-4394 Fax: (206) 296-0189 Materials listed with an asterisk by the title can be downloaded and printed from the Public Health—Seattle & King County website at http://www.metrokc.,qov/health/westnile. All materials are offered at no cost at this time, subject to change as determined by demand and budget. WNV Video: The first video is at no cost, additional copies at$15.00 each. City of Renton West Nile Virus (WNV) Phased Response Plan (Draft) Alert Definition Surveillance Response Education Response Control Response Level O Mosquito Inactivity Period No planned surveillance by the City, Review status on supply of informational Update West Nile Response Plan based on (November-March) brochures recommendation from the State and local health departments Check with Public Health for availability of updated information and materials. Determine best control response strategy for treatment of City'owned stormwater management Make budget request for staff time to prepare and facilities based on census data,recommendations execute public outreach portion of WNV Response from state and local health departments,other Plan. jurisdictions and best available science. Based on set criteria established above, Prepare for larvaciding of city owned properties which includes the following: • Ensure sufficient budget for larvicide treatment based on treatment strategy • Identify possible private pest control operators • Verify NPDES permit is valid for treatment period • Ensure sufficient number of licensed staff should City elect to larvicide in - house. H:\File Sys\SWP-Surface Water Projects\SWP-27-Surface Water Projects(CIP)\27-2000 Mosquito Abatement Program\West Nile Virus\2005 WNV\City Correspondence\Draft updated Response Plan.doc Alert Definition Surveillance Respons-- Education Response Control Response Level Mosquito Activity Period Basta lished control response Inform city staff of recommended personal Initiate treatment of Oty stormwater facilities criterla, invent ry•&map mosquito 'protection measures against mosquito bites based on established control response criteria. (April—October) habitat on i c u ing through staff meetings and informational memos. stormwater management facilities, It is assumed at this time that the city will follow No positive surveillance wetlands�nd other water bodies Hold intrg-departmental meetings to review the following response control criteria: findings in King County in the may contain mosquito habitat. epartment's roles and responsibilities current calendar pyar(e.g., _5 r—rrelatelto WNV. Remin�departments to Monitor for larva and apply larvicide as no WNV positiv IN ds or Based on established control response take steps to minimize mosquito habitat on pity— necessary to all,0ity.Qwned stormwater mosquito pools no WNV criteria,conduct mosquito surveillance owned lands within their control. ponds(approximately 7 ponds), cases in humans or horses). of city properties by larval di ping and Inspect street drains and swale/ditches periodically report results to Public Provide WNV information to4ly resider by: on)6ty rightofiway based on citizen Health. complaints and known problem areas. • Updating the WNV eb page / Apply larvicides as necessary. Educate ity employees that frequently r,�iatt,iaed-on theZity website Inspect eiity}(arks and facilities// work in the field,,on procedures for Make Department ofbealth brochures including the¢ity golf course and monitoring mosquito habitat and available at locations frequented by the aquatic centeyyfor the presence of reporting dead birds. public such as libraries,City Hall, mosquito larva and apply larvicide as senior citizoos centers community necessaly- —` A Provide ity,residefwith information events(Renton River Days)and the on how to report dead birds to-King community center. I Larvicide will b lied based on a minimum County Department of Health. Mnclude WNV brochure with utility bills. larval count 0.3 I rva per dip. 2 v When feasible,submit live mosquito West Nile Virus materials will address issues Participate in discussions of the feasibility of C!i larva samples to Public Health for related prevention emphasizing mosquito habitat forming mosquito control districts in King County. species identification. reduction and personal protection against mosquito bites. je/ity Sfaff to keep informed on WNV ,.,� issues by attending regular Provide designated 5Ify staff information/fact Department of Health sponsored sheet on how to respond to citizen questions. meetings Information/fact sheet will include respons tq� Contact private homeowner associations' ma regarding larviciding of rred T,X,/ stormwater facilities. Assist homeowner associations by providing information on how to contact private pest control applicators and requirements for treatment(obtain NPDES permit,etc.). Continue surveillance activities Continue public information activities described Continue control response activities under Alert 2 Mosquito Activity Period described under Alert Level 2 under Alert Level 1. Level 1. (April—October) Update city weVATased on any new information Based on established control response criteria, provided by state and local health departments monitor street drains/catch basin in proximity to Areas with confirmed WNV vulnerable populations for mosquito production activity in wild birds and/or Send Public Health's"Mosquito Control Fact and apply larvacides if indicated. mosquito pools but no Sheet for Private Property Owners"to persons or positive surveillance findings organizations known to have potential mosquito It is assumed at this time that the city will follow prior to August 1 breeding habitat,facilities,water features, and the following response control criteria under Alert drainage systems . Level 2: Alert Definition Surveillance Response Education Response Control Response Level (See Alert level 3 if positive birds or mosquitoes occur Inspect street drains a rdiwale/ditches before August V within'/4 mile radius of for c,enterX and residential areas with a high concentration of citizens over 50 years of ageEconcentr ion of 1000 persons per square mile?? Apply larvicides if larval count is U.3 larva per dip (minimum). Continue to encourage owners of private stormwater management facilities to take the steps necessary to monitor and treat with larvicide & A-&" . Mosquito Activity Period Continue surveillance activities Continue efforts described in Alert Level 2 Continue control response activities under alert 3 described under Alert Level 2 Level 2 (April—October) Expand public information to include City cable It is assumed at this time that the city will follow Initial confirmation of WNV TV,and Renton Reporter emphasizing personal the following response control criteria under Alert positive bird collected before protection, particularly for persons over 50, as Level 3: August 1 and/or a horse or resources allow human-ase; 0 Larvicide all catch basins and Mail to-C4 residents WNV informational packets swale/ditches with stand within OR multiple positive birds or emphasizing personal protection and methods for /,mile radius of d�Positi �NV mosquito ols in the minimizing mosquito habitat on private property. test surveillance ingS`in birds, abse ce fhorse or human horses or humans. cas�sl, / The City may need to respond more aggressively by broadening treatment area based on recommendation from the Public Health Department. Additional treatment areas are: • Larvicide all catch basins and swale/ditches with standing water within 1 mile radius of reported/positive WNV test surveillance findings in birds, horses or humans. City staff to review criteria and plans for more widespread adult mosquito spraying efforts should the Alert Level increase to Level 4. It is assumed that the state and local department of health in conjunction with Department of Ecology will go through the environmental review process and obtain all necessary permits to allow adulticiding in accordance with state law. Mosquito Activity Period Continue surveillance activities Continue efforts described in Alert Level 3 Continue control response activities under alert 4 described under Alert Level 3 Level 3 (April—October) Based on established control response criteria the Alert Definition Surveillance Response Education Response Control Response Level City will begin aerial spraying of adult mosquitoes. Surveillance indicates high risk of multiple human It is assumed at this time that the city will follow infections,an escalating the following response control criteria under Alert epizootic in horses and/or Level 4: birds,abundant adult vectors and conditions favoring Apply adulticide within a 1/2-mile radius continued trans-mission to of senior centers, high concentration of humans. people over 50 years of age (concentration of 1000 persons per Public Health Emergency square mile?)and areas of positive may be declared. WNV infections reported in birds, horses and humans. liPublic Health APR 1 2005 Seattle & King County HEALTHY PEOPLE. HEALTHY COMMUNITIES. CITY _p tJ,9L tc Alonzo L.Plough, Ph.D., MPH,Director and Health Officer R S 40te April 8, 2005 The Honorable Kathy Keolker-Wheeler Mayor, City of Renton 1055 S. Grady Way Renton, WA 98055 Dear Mayor Keolker-W heeler: As the 2005 West Nile season approaches, I would like to extend my thanks to you for the City of Renton's participation over the last several years in the effort to minimize the threat of West Nile virus in King County. Washington State and King County were very fortunate not to see West Nile virus last year; we were the only state in the lower 48 not to have any human or animal cases. With West Nile clearly at our borders (see the enclosed map), I urge you once again to be involved as much as possible. King County, through Public Health — Seattle & King County, will continue to conduct human, animal, and insect surveillance, coordinate participating jurisdiction activities and training, conduct outreach and education, and work with county agencies to control mosquito habitat on King County properties, where appropriate and within the scope of the King County West Nile Virus Response Plan. As a partner with King County, it is our hope that the City of Renton will: 1) Update (or develop) your West Nile virus response plan that describes how your city will respond to resident inquiries and mosquito nuisance complaints; 2) Conduct surveillance for mosquito larvae and eliminate mosquito habitat when possible; 3) Apply larvicide where appropriate on city-owned properties; 4) Educate residents, especially your senior citizens, about ways to reduce their risk of being bitten by mosquitoes. Mosquito control and public education are most effective when they occur during peak mosquito season, which is April through mid-October; 5) Attend trainings and/or meetings offered by the County and State health departments; Public Health will be offering a West Nile virus seminar on April 22, 2005. 6) Be prepared to manage calls your staff will likely receive if/when you have human or animal cases of West Nile in your city. Environmental Health Services Division 999 Third Avenue,Suite 700 - Seattle,WA 98104-4039 T 206-205-4394 F 206-296-0189 TTY Relay:711 City of Seattle O King County www.metrokc.gov/health &-,m3p.- %Gregory J.Nickels,Mayor Ron Sims,Executive Mayor Keolker-Wheeler April 8, 2005 Page 2 Many cities last year designated a "point person" assigned to coordinate West Nile activities, and have that person able to communicate to top management about WNV issues. If your point person is new or changed, please contact Dave Christensen WNV Coordinator at Public Health — Seattle & King County at (206) 296-3998. Included with this letter are Public Health's updated West Nile Virus Phased Response Guidelines for King County, a template that you may find helpful in updating your city's West Nile Virus Response Plan, and the announcement for the April WNV training. Reducing mosquitoes by eliminating their habitat and larvae where appropriate will remain a local issue, but one that we are ready to assist you with in any way we can. West Nile virus is placing a burden on all of us, and we appreciate your efforts very much. If you have any feedback on working with us last year, or information or activities you would like to see from Public Health — Seattle & King County, please do not hesitate to contact our West Nile lead, Dr. Sharon Hopkins, at (206) 205-4394 or by e-mail at sharon.hopkins(a metrokc.gov. Dr. Hopkins should also be contacted for any technical assistance your city needs in carrying out its West Nile virus response. Sincerely, Alonzo Plough, PhD Director and Health Officer, Public Health — Seattle & King County Enclosures 4 West Nile Virus Response Program Costs Phase I—Monitor Health data and public education Monitor Health surveillance data 2 hours per month for 7 months 14 hours Public Education efforts ' 12 hours per month for 7 months 84 hours Inspection of City Property '� 30 hours per month for 7 months 210 hours Apply for permit 5 hours 5 hours TOTAL 313 hours 313 hours * $40/hr=$12,520 Phase I total=$12,520. Estimate$15,000 Phase II—Treatment Treatment of City vaults and ponds estimate $20,000 Increased staff time to respond to citizens 20 hours per month for 4 months 80 hrs 80 hours * $40/hr= $3,200 Phase II total= $23,200. Estimate$25,000 TOTAL Phase I+Phase II=$40,000 �� : k* 15 wnv Co--)fS f b. Community Services Committee: Edlund Property Acquisition Grant Resolution*; Heather Downs Property Acquisition Grant Resolution*; Comprehensive Park, Recreation and Open Space Plan*; King County Conservation Futures Agreement for Edlund Property*; Main Ave. S. Closure for Veterans Memorial Park Dedication; Ivar's Unforecasted Revenue Allocation c. Finance Committee: Vouchers d. Transportation (Aviation) Committee: Sidewalk Improvements—S. 2nd St. &Williams Ave. S.; Turner Request for Roadway Memorial Sign 10. ORDINANCES AND RESOLUTIONS Resolutions: a. Edlund property Interagency Committee for Outdoor Recreation grant (see 9.b.) b. Heather Downs property Interagency Committee for Outdoor Recreation grant(see 9.b.) c. Park,Recreation, and Open Space Plan (see 9.b.) d. King County Conservation Futures agreement for Edlund property (see 9.b.) 11. NEW BUSINESS (Includes Council Committee agenda topics; call 425-430-6512 for recorded information.) 12. AUDIENCE COMMENT 13. ADJOURNMENT 515103 COMMITTEE OF THE WHOLE AGENDA (Preceding Council Meeting) n l P Council Conference Room, 7th Floor l���[ C�(Jl�" 1 'OP✓I'L 6:30 p.m. Emerging Issues; Boeing Environmental Impact Statement Update; West Nile Virus • Hearing assistance devices for use in the Council Chambers are available upon request to the City Clerk • CITY COUNCIL MEETINGS ARE TELEVISED LIVE ON GOVERNMENT ACCESS CHANNEL 21 AND ARE RE-CABLECAST TUES.&THURS. AT 11:00 AM&9:00 PM,WED.&FRi.AT 9:00 AM&7:00 PM AND SAT.&SUN. AT 1:00 PM&9:00 PM ya�aoo3 RECEIVED CITY OF RENTON APR 2 3 2003 PLANNING/BUILDING/PUBLIC WORKS RE11T0NCrTYC0U(jrF� MEMORANDUM DATE: April 22, 2003 CITY OF RENTOA TO: Kathy Keolker-Wheeler, Counci resident APR 2 4 20003 Members of the Renton Ci C uncil RECEIVED CITY CLERK'S CFRCE VIA: Mayor Jesse Tanner FROM: Gregg Zimmerm,/, kdministrator STAFF CONTACT: Lys Hornsby (X7239) SUBJECT: Response Plan for West Nile Virus ISSUE: How should the City respond to potential occurrence of West Nile Virus in 2003? RECOMMENDATION: • Phase I - City staff develop a response plan that contains the following elements: Monitor occurrence of the virus in King County. Support public education and outreach regarding protection from mosquito bites. Minimize mosquito-breeding habitat on City property. Apply for an Aquatic Mosquito Control permit. • Phase II - Consider applications of larvacides ONLY as required by the Department of Health or under declaration of a public health emergency. BACKGROUND SUMMARY: Mosquito-borne diseases pose both human health and ecological risks. First detected in the Eastern United States in 1999, West Nile Virus has become an increasing concern in our region. Mosquito control efforts have not been successful in halting the spread of this virus across the country. West Nile Virus was detected in three Washington counties in 2002, but there has been no detection of the virus in King County to date. People can only catch West April 22, 2003 Page 2 Nile Virus from an infected mosquito. West Nile Virus is not passed from person to person or from other animals. There were 260 deaths in 2002 due to West Nile Virus nationwide. Although this represents a relatively low public health risk (consider that approximately 30,000 people will die from the flu this season), steps can be taken to minimize this risk even further. As a landowner, facility operator, employer, and city, Renton can assist in managing the public health risks of West Nile Virus by: Phase I: • Monitoring the occurrence of the virus using the public health surveillance data. • Supporting public education efforts by the Health Department to emphasize what residents can do to protect themselves from the virus, including eliminating mosquito breeding habitat on private property and personal protection. • Minimizing unnecessary standing water on City property. • Applying for an Aquatic Mosquito Control Permit. Phase II: Renton will consider the use of larvacides only when required by the Department of Health or under a declaration of a public health emergency. Implementation of this plan will require staff time from several departments in the City as follows: Phase I: • Monitor Surveillance data - Utility Systems will take the lead. Estimate two hours per month for seven months. • Support public education - Utility Systems staff will obtain public information brochures from the Department of Health, will provide information for the City's website, and will develop articles for the Grady Grapevine and Renton Reporter that summarize the City's response plan. Estimate five hours initial effort and then two hours per month for seven months. Staff time will be required to respond to citizen calls and requests for information. Estimate ten hours per month for seven months. • Each Department will be responsible for providing basic training on personal protection to field personnel. Estimate one hour information session. H:\File Sys\USA-Utility Systems Division Administration\USA-15-City Council and Administration\wnvip.doc\LLH:lf April 22, 2003 Page 3 • Each Department will be responsible for inspecting City Property under their control and eliminating unnecessary standing water. Estimate one hour per site for evaluation and one hour per site for documentation or correction. • Apply for the Aquatic Mosquito Control Permit - Utility Systems will apply for the permit. Estimate four hours. Phase II: The costs associated with treating City-owned storm water retention facilities (seven ponds and eight vaults) are estimated to be approximately $12,000 to $22,000 depending on the treatment selected. There will be staff time involved with contracting out the treatment to a licensed applicator and reporting the treatments for permit compliance. Estimate four hours per month. Staff time will be required to respond to customer concerns and requests for assistance. Estimate 20 hours per month. CONCLUSION: Public Health is the lead agency for the response to West Nile Virus. The City can augment Public Health's response to further minimize risks by implementing Phase I as summarized above. Staff has attached a sample information sheet that could be used as a website page and/or article for the Grady Grapevine and Renton Reporter. In addition, staff has attached a draft response plan that encompasses the guidelines discussed above. H:\File Sys\USA-Utility Systems Division Administration\USA-15-City Council and Administration\wnvip.doc\LLH:lf D"'R A F T DRAFT CITY WEBSITE PAGE OR ARTICLE WEST NILE VIRUS Mosquito season is rapidly approaching here in the Pacific Northwest,which means the potential return of the West Nile Virus(WNV). West Nile Virus is a mosquito-borne illness that poses a small human health risk. Although the Health Department is the lead agency for responding to West Nile Virus,the City of Renton has developed a response program to augment the Department of Health program. The City's strategy emphasizes prevention as the best protection from West Nile Virus. The response program consists of: • Monitoring for the presence of the virus using the Health Department's surveillance data. • Supporting public education on protection from bites and reducing mosquito breeding habitat. • Minimizing mosquito-breeding habitat on City property. The City is proposing to use larvacides only if required by the Health Department and conducted in conjunction with adjacent jurisdictions. To make sure that the City is prepared to take this action, if required,we will be applying for an Aquatic Mosquito Control permit. Remember that prevention is the best protection. Here are some tips to reduce the chance of getting bitten by a mosquito: • Screen doors and windows. • Eliminate standing water on your property-clean out gutters,discard old tires, empty buckets and flowerpot dishes,fix leaky faucets. • Change water in troughs and bird baths weekly. • Stay indoors at dusk and dawn. • Wear long pants, long sleeved shirts and socks when outdoors. • Consider use of a mosquito repellent containing DEET. For additional information to protect yourself from mosquito bites,please visit the local Health Department website at www.metroke.gov/health/westnile/ Other Sources of Information: Center for Disease Control: www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dvbid/westnile/index.htm West Nile Virus Hotline 866-788-4787 Brochure: Do You Know What's Biting You? Brochure: Take the Bite Out of the Bug HAFile Sys\USA-Utility Systems Division Administration\USA-15-City Council and Administration\wnvweb.doc\LLH:lf City of Renton Response Plan—West Nile Virus and Vector Mosquito Control April 21,2003 Introduction Mosquito-borne diseases pose both human health and environmental risks. First detected in the Eastern United States in 1999,West Nile Virus has become an increasing concern in our region. Mosquito control efforts have not been successful in halting the spread of this virus across the country. West Nile Virus was detected in Washington State in 2002, but there have been no human cases to date or any detections in King County. There were 260 deaths in 2002 due to West Nile Virus nationwide. Although this represents a relatively low public health risk (consider that approximately 30,000 people will die from the flu this season), steps can be taken to minimize the risk further. As a landowner,facility operator,employer,and city,Renton can assist in managing the public health risks of West Nile Virus by: • Monitor the occurrence of the virus • Supporting public education that emphasizes personal protection from bites and reduction of mosquito-breeding habitat on private property. • Initiating efforts to minimize mosquito-breeding habitat on City lands. • Controlling mosquito larva,when required. The City is relying on the local health department to conduct primary surveillance and basic public education and outreach for the general public. Renton's program will augment and support the actions taken by the State and local health departments. Approach Renton acknowledges that West Nile Virus poses some risk to human health and ecology. Our approach includes prudent measures to minimize this risk within the City. The City is not proposing indiscriminate use of pesticides over broad areas. Such use will not eliminate the virus and could pose larger ecological and public health risks than the virus itself. The following management guidelines describe the City's approach: Phase I: l. Monitor the occurrence of the virus using local, other counties and State health department surveillance. 2. Support public education and outreach with emphasis on how residents and employees can protect themselves from mosquito bites and how residents can minimize breeding habitat on their property. 3. Minimize mosquito-breeding habitat on City property. 4. Apply for an Aquatic Mosquito Control permit through Department of Health. Phase 1I: 5. Renton will consider the use of larvicides only when required by the Department of Health and supported by adjacent jurisdictions with a coordinated program. H:\File Sys\USA-Utility Systems Division Administration\USA-16-Utility Committee\ipmmosquito.doc\LI_H:lf Since the virus has not yet been detected in King County, the City proposes to implement Phase I of the response plan immediately,to continue through late fall of 2003. Phase II or Step five will be implemented only as indicated by the surveillance data and required by the Health Department. Implementation Phase I: Step 1: Monitor the occurrence of the virus using Public Health surveillance. Using the local and State Health Department website and surveillance program, Renton will monitor the incidence of West Nile Virus in King County and the City of Renton to assist in determining the presence of the virus and the need for increased control measures. Step 2: Support public education and outreach. Renton will develop information for the City website regarding West Nile Virus. The City website will also contain links to the local health department and the Center for Disease Control websites. The public information will emphasize personal protection to avoid mosquito bites and steps that residents can take to reduce mosquito breeding habitat. The City will make available brochures from the Department of Health. City staff will prepare articles for the Renton Reporter and Grady Grapevine, and produce a flyer for a utility bill insert,to educate residents and employees. Customer service staff will be provided with information to answer the most commonly asked questions. Step 3: Minimize mosquito breeding habitat on City property. The City will act to eliminate unnecessary standing water on City property and in City facilities. Each City Department will be responsible for inspection of City-owned lands within their control and will take steps to eliminate unnecessary standing water. The City will evaluate modifications of facility operations to minimize or eliminate standing water(e.g. irrigation procedures, storm water pond operation,etc.) Step 4: Apply for an Aquatic Mosquito Control permit through Department of Health. The City will make application to the Department of Health under their general permit for Aquatic Mosquito Control. This permit will allow the City to apply larvicides, if required(See Phase II, Step 5). Phase II: Proceed to Phase II - Step 6 only as required by the Health Department and/or a declaration of a public health emergency, and in coordination with adjacent jurisdiction's treatment programs: Step 5: Treatment of City-owned lands or facilities to control mosquitoes. Sites will be placed on a list for potential evaluation based on citizen or employee notification of a problem. Prior to the use of any treatment, sites on this list will be evaluated, at the City's discretion, using the following criteria: • Is the site a natural system with natural mosquito and larval control(predators)? • Is the standing water more than three feet deep? • Does the water within the site exchange within seven days? • Does the standing water drain within seven days? • Does this site pose a more significant source of larva than adjacent sites • Proximity to at-risk populations • Proximity to confirmed detections of West Nile Virus H:\File Sys\USA-Utility Systems Division Administration\USA-16-Utility Committee\ipmmosquito.doc\LLH:lf For facilities or lands that have deeper water,exchange or drain water within seven days,or have natural larval control,treatment is probably not warranted.For facilities and lands that contain shallow, stagnant water and larvae are observable at the site,then the site may be tested for abundance of larvae. A minimum of 0.3 larvae per dip must be present in order to consider the use of larvicides. Renton will be looking to the Health Department to assist in determining a target larva density to trigger the use of larvicides. The City of Renton proposes to use the least toxic,species specific larvicides as follows: 1. Bacillus Thuringiensis Israelensis 2. Bacillus Sphaericus 3. Methoprene Any use of larvicides will be documented and comply with the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act(FIFRA)and reporting requirements of the permit. Renton will obtain a list of licensed applicators so as to prepared to conduct treatment, if required. t{:\File Sys\USA-Utility Systems Division Administration\USA-16-Utility Committee\ipmmosquito.doc\LLti:lf 'Commonly Asked Question- 'gout West Nile Virus Page 1 of 7 King County � , i■i ���l . �;u��u � ar ■�. � . `qE� West Nile Virus CflrnIi1omy Asked QUeStions This page is also available in Adobe PDF and Microsoft Word: Download in Adobe PDF *K%t » Download in MS Word Public Health Seattle&King County ■ What is West Nile virus? ■ What are the human health effects of West Nile virus infection? Public ■ Are there persons who are at greater risk of developing more severe illness? ■ How is West Nile Virus transmitted? s ° ■ Can I get a West Nile virus infection from a blood or organ "p donation? Drinking ■ How much of a problem will West Nile virus become? Program ■ Are pets and domestic animals at risk of West Nile virus? ■ In King County,what is Public Health doing about West Nile amrttur+�gIb�I� virus? ■ What is the connection between crows and West Nile virus? Sexually ■ What do 1 do if I find a dead crow? Transmitted ■ _What if the dead bird I find is not a crow? Diseases ■ What is the life cycle of the mosquito? ■ What does a mosquito larva look like? _ _ ■ When are mosquito larvae most likely to be present? ■ What can I do to reduce the number of mosquitoes? Birth and Death ■ What can be done to avoid mosquito bites? Records ■ What steps is King County taking to reduce the potential threat of mosquitoes? ■ What are some of the substances that King County is considering to control mosquitoes? ■ What can I do if I have a mosquito problem in my neighborhood? ■ Aren't wetlands and retention ponds sources of mosquito habitat? ■ Resources What is West Nile virus? West Nile virus causes West Nile fever, encephalitis and meningitis. West Nile fever is typically a mild illness that occurs in about one of five persons who are infected by the virus. West Nile encephalitis and West Nile meningitis are more serious illnesses that occur in less than 1 percent of persons infected by the virus. Encephalitis is a swelling, or inflammation, of the brain, and meningitis is a swelling, or inflammation, of the tissues surrounding the spinal cord and brain. West Nile virus was previously found in Africa, West Asia and the Middle East. It was discovered in the United States in 1999. West Nile virus can infect humans, birds, mosquitoes, horses and other animals. Birds become infected with West Nile virus and carry the virus in nature. Mosquitoes become infected after feeding on infected birds. At present, West Nile virus has not been detected in King County, but it has been detected in Washington State. httn://www.metrokc.pov/health/westnile/faci.htm 4/22/03 Commonly Asked Question, '-)out West Nile Virus Page 2 of 7 A back to top What are the human health effects of West Nile virus infection? Most people infected with West Nile virus have no symptoms or a mild illness with fever, muscle aches, fatigue, headache and joint pain (West Nile fever). These persons recover fully and do not require hospital care. A smaller number of infected persons develop encephalitis or meningitis with symptoms of high fever, neck stiffness, confusion, disorientation, coma, tremors, convulsions, muscle weakness, and paralysis. Persons who survive West Nile encephalitis may have long-term symptoms, but recovery from the milder forms of infection is complete. It is assumed that once someone has had an infection caused by West Nile virus they develop long-term protection against being infected again. A back to top Are there persons who are at greater risk of developing more severe illness? Yes. Persons who are older than 50 years, particularly those who are greater than 70 years of age, are more likely to develop the serious forms of West Nile virus infection. Pregnancy is not known to increase the risk of developing the severe forms of West Nile virus infection. How is West Nile Virus transmitted? West Nile virus is not transmitted directly from person-to-person or from animal-to-person. There is no evidence that persons can become infected from eating infected animals. Mosquitoes become infected when they feed on infected birds. The virus becomes located in the salivary gland of the mosquito. When the mosquito bites a human or animal, the mosquito injects the virus into its victim. Persons who become ill develop symptoms 3 to 14 days after being infected with West Nile virus. The West Nile virus remains in infected individuals for a relatively short time and does not cause chronic infections. ^ back to top Can I get a West Nile virus infection from a blood or organ donation? Although rare, West Nile virus has been transmitted through transfusions of whole blood or blood components such as plasma or platelets. Blood component suppliers are taking preventative measures to screen out blood donors who may have been infected with West Nile virus. A nucleic acid laboratory test for West Nile virus has been developed and will be ready for use in screening blood donors beginning in July 2003. In addition, plasma is being stockpiled prior to mosquito season to assure that it is available prior to the testing of the blood supply. There has been a documented instance of West Nile virus transmission by organ transplantation but the risk of this is extremely low. j back to top How much of a problem will West Nile virus become? Even if West Nile virus becomes established in local birds and mosquitoes, human illness is not expected to be frequent; relatively few mosquitoes are hti n-//www_metmke.uov/health/westni le/fao_htm 4/22/03 'Commonly Asked Question- ')out West Nile Vinis Page 3 of 7 likely to become infected with the virus and most people who do become infected have either no symptoms or mild illness. However, ongoing monitoring for the presence of West Nile virus in birds, horses and humans will remain necessary to track the extent of the problem, prevent serious infections, and determine the best strategies to combat the virus. '` back to top Are pets and domestic animals at risk of West Nile virus? Fortunately, clinical illness due to West Nile virus appears to be rare in dogs and cats, and chickens are resistant as well. Horses, however, are susceptible to West Nile virus infection and severe illness and death can result. An equine West Nile virus vaccine is available and horse owners are strongly encouraged to consult with their veterinarian about immunization. Horses will also benefit from mosquito control efforts. ^ back to top In King County,what is Public Health doing about West Nile virus? Public Health surveillance activities are underway to monitor for the appearance of West Nile virus in birds, animals and humans. West Nile virus is usually detected in birds or horses before cases occur in humans. In addition, Public Health provides information on personal protective measures and environmental measures that can be taken to reduce the risk of mosquito-borne diseases. Health care providers and hospitals are required by law to report to Public Health suspected cases of viral encephalitis including cases suspected to be caused by West Nile virus. For more information, consult the May 2002 issue of the communicable disease newsletter, the Epi-Log: www.metrokc.gov/health/�hnr/prot res/epilog/vol4205.htm ^ back to top What is the connection between crows and West Nile virus? Crows are particularly susceptible to West Nile virus, and often sicken and die from it. Therefore, in partnership with the Washington State Department of Health, Public Health is testing some dead crows to see if they have died from West Nile virus. When Public Health finds a dead crow with West Nile virus, King County will know that the virus has arrived. back to top What do I do if I find a dead crow? Call Public Health at 206-205-4394 if you find a dead crow in King County. Information about the crow will be entered into a tracking database. In addition, the crow you find may be selected for testing for West Nile virus. When you call, you will be asked a few questions. First, is the bird freshly dead (dead less than 24 hours)? Second, where and when did you find the dead bird?We will need to know the address where the bird was found. Third, is the bird undamaged? Only undamaged birds may be tested. Not all crows need to be tested for Public Health to effectively monitor for West Nile virus. In fact, we receive many more calls reporting dead crows than the laboratory could test. If the crow you find is not appropriate for http://www.metroke.Qovihealth/westnile/faci.htin 4/22/03 Commonly Asked Question, ')out West Nile Virus Page 4 of 7 testing, or if you find a dead bird that is not a crow, you may dispose of it in your garbage can. Public Health is tracking crow deaths, so even if the bird you find will not be tested, we are still interested in the information you provide. Birds discovered on Friday and Saturday will not be tested and should be disposed of in the garbage. Using gloves or a shovel, double bag the bird in plastic bags and dispose of it in your garbage. Though dead birds will not transmit West Nile virus, you should not pick up a dead animal with your bare hands. " back to top What if the dead bird I find is not a crow? To help us learn more about West Nile virus, Public Health is tracking the deaths of birds other than crows, though we will not be picking these birds up for testing. The types of birds, in addition to crows, that may be affected by West Nile virus and we are interested in receiving reports on are: ravens, jays, magpies, and raptors (eagles, hawks, and owls). Call 206-205-4394 if you find one of these types of birds. " back to top What is the life cycle of the mosquito? Mosquitoes like still or standing water to lay their eggs. These eggs hatch into larvae and develop into adults in as few as seven days. Some species need only a few ounces of water to lay eggs. What does a mosquito larva look like? Larvae ("wigglers") are %4 to '/z inch long, or smaller. They move by vigorously wiggling or flexing their bodies. They look like tiny aquatic worms. When are mosquito larvae most likely to be present? Though there are variations dependent on weather and temperature, mosquito larvae are most likely to be present in King County from March through October. `' back to top What can I do to reduce the number of mosquitoes? Removing sources of standing water on your property and around your home reduces mosquito breeding habitat. Examples of things you can do include: ■ Tip out barrels, buckets and wheelbarrows ■ Tip out containers such as toys, cans or plant saucers ■ Empty children's wading pools when not in use ■ Change water in birdbaths and animal troughs at least once a week ■ Get rid of used tires ■ Clean garden ponds ■ Recycle old bottles, buckets and cans ■ Clean leaf-clogged gutters ■ Empty water from flower pot dishes http://www.metroke.gov/health/westnile/faq.litm 4/22/03 'Commonly Asked Question gout West Nile Virus Page 5 of 7 ■ Dump water off of tarps and plastic sheeting ■ Repair leaky outdoor faucets ■ Cover rain barrels with mosquito screens Help your elderly or frail neighbors or relatives with these activities. Consider holding a neighborhood clean-up day to get rid of junk that holds standing water. Aback to_top What can be done to avoid mosquito bites? ■ Be aware of the times of day when mosquitoes are most likely to be biting. The prime biting periods are often at dusk and dawn. If you do go outside when mosquitoes are biting, wear long sleeve shirts and long pants. Hats are also useful. ■ Consider wearing an insect repellent. Repellents containing the chemical N,N-diethyl-meta-toluamide (DEET) are known to be very effective. Some people are particularly sensitive to DEET and should use caution. ■ Children under the age of two should not use insect repellents containing DEET. Older children should use products with the correct percentage of DEET for their age. It is important to read the label and follow the instructions on the label carefully. For more information on DEET, visit the CDC's insect repellent use and safety page: www.cdc.qov/ncidod/dvbid/westnile/qa/insect_repellent.ht_m. ■ Ensure that window and door screens are in good repair and fit tightly. ^ back-to-top What steps is King County taking to reduce the potential threat of mosquitoes? ■ Public Health is working with county agencies, cities, the state and sister agencies nation-wide to learn about the best methods to use to control mosquitoes. King County's approach is balanced and is protective of both humans and the environment. ■ Public Health is working to identify the mosquito species that live in our region by collecting data on mosquitoes from a variety of habitats. These data help with effective educational and control programs. `' back to top What are some of the substances that King County is considering to control mosquitoes? ■ One approach being considered is the application of natural larvicides, in limited and targeted areas, to control immature mosquitoes before they emerge as adults. These larvicides are usually in the form of pellets or briquettes. ■ King County will not do aerial spraying to kill adult mosquitoes unless there is a public health emergency, which is unlikely. ■ One possible larvicide that may be used is based on a variety of Bacillus thuringiensis, which is a control technique well-known to organic gardeners. back to top http://www.metroke.gov/liealtfi/westnile/faq.litm 4/22/03 Commonly Asked Question, ')out West Nile Virus Page 6 of 7 What can I do if I have a mosquito problem in my neighborhood? Reduce breeding habitat on your own property, where possible (see above). If you notice that mosquitoes are a problem, please call Public Health (206-205- 4394). Public Health does not have any regulatory authority to require property owners to remove mosquito habitat (except if the habitat is in violation of solid waste laws). However, we can send educational materials that provide guidance on reducing habitat. If the habitat is on public property, we will inform and advise the appropriate property owner. Finally, we are tracking specific locations that seem to be particular mosquito problem areas. A back to top Aren't wetlands and retention ponds sources of mosquito habitat? Wetlands and other natural water features may potentially be mosquito breeding habitat under certain conditions. Fortunately, wetlands also have many natural predators. Furthermore, wetlands play a critical role in cleaning and holding storm run off-they play a critical public health role. Retention and detention ponds play an important role as well. For information on King County properties such as retention/detention ponds and wetlands, visit http://dnr.metrokc.-ov/dnradmin/press/2002/0916wnv.htm ^ back to top Resources ■ For late breaking information, call Public Health's West Nile virus hotline: 206-205-3883. ■ To report a dead crow or mosquito problem, call Public Health's Environmental Health team at 206-205-4394 during normal business hours- Monday -Friday from 9:00 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. ■ For information from the King County Department of Natural Resources and Parks on West Nile virus, wetlands and retention/detention ponds, visit: http://dnr.metrokc...gov/dnradmin// ress/2002/0916wnv.htm ■ For more information on West Nile virus in the state of Washington: www.doh.wa.gov/eh p/ts/ZooNVNV/WNV.html ■ For more extensive information about West Nile virus, consult the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention website at: www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dvbid/westnile/ &q a.htm " back to top All information is general in nature and is not intended to be used as a substitute for appropriate professional advice. For more information please call (206) 296-4600 (voice/TDD). Updated: Tuesday, April 15, 2003 at 09:10 AM PDT Public Health Homepage I Safe Food I Safe Water Communicable Disease I STD I HIV I Birth/Death Records httT)://www.metroke.(-=ov/health/westnile/faq.htm 4/22/03 • Commonly Asked QuestionF ,out West Nile Virus Page 7 of 7 Public Health News I Contact King Count x I Public Health I News ( Services I Comments I Search Links to external sites do not constitute endorsements by King County. By visiting this and other King County web pages, you expressly agree to be bound by terms and conditions of the site. The details. http://www.metrokc.gov/health/westnile/faq.htm 4/22/03 April 28,2003 Renton City Council Minutes Page 156 Community Services: Fire Council President Keolker-Wheeler reported that the Fire Station#12 Station#12 Construction construction project, 1209 Kirkland Ave. NE, has been closed temporarily due Project,New Contractor to the discovery that the contractor to whom the City awarded the contract did not have a valid bond. She explained that the partially completed structure is not protected from the weather, and will be severely damaged if immediate action is not taken to complete the project. Additionally, there are numerous subcontractors who have been affected by this closure. Ms. Keolker-Wheeler stressed that any further delay in the completion of the project caused by meeting the requirements of the public bidding laws will result in the following: severe damage to the unprotected structure, additional expenditure of City funds, and financially affected subcontractors. She stated that a declaration of an emergency will allow the City to suspend the application of the public bidding laws and permit City staff to negotiate with other general contractors to accept the work that is in place and complete the project in the expected time frame. MOVED BY KEOLKER-WHEELER, SECONDED BY PERSSON, COUNCIL DECLARE AN EMERGENCY RELATED TO THE CONSTRUCTION OF FIRE STATION#12. CARRIED. (See below for resolution.) Added A resolution was read declaring an emergency with relation to the construction Resolution#3631 of Fire Station#12, located at 1209 Kirkland Ave. NE, and creating an Community Services: Fire exemption to the competitive bidding requirements. MOVED BY KEOLKER- Station#12 Construction WHEELER, SECONDED BY CLAWSON, COUNCIL ADOPT THE Project, New Contractor RESOLUTION AS READ. CARRIED. The following ordinances were presented for second and final reading and adoption: Ordinance#5007 An ordinance was read increasing the City of Renton 2003 Budget in the total Budget: 2003 Amendments amount of$3,066,000. MOVED BY PARKER, SECONDED BY NELSON, COUNCIL ADOPT THE ORDINANCE AS READ. ROLL CALL: ALL AYES. CARRIED. Ordinance#5008 An ordinance was read amending Sections 4-1-170.A of Chapter 1, Development Services: Fence Administration and Enforcement, and 4-4-040.G of Chapter 4, City-Wide Height Regulations Property Development Standards, of Title IV (Development Regulations) of City Code by revising the special administrative fence permit requirements and associated fee schedule. MOVED BY BRIERE, SECONDED BY CLAWSON, COUNCIL ADOPT THE ORDINANCE AS READ. ROLL CALL: ALL AYES. CARRIED. Ordinance#5009 An ordinance was read amending Section 9-10-1 LG of Chapter 10, Street Utility: Sidewalk Utility Excavations, of Title IX (Public Ways and Property) of City Code by requiring Markings the removal of utility locate markings. MOVED BY PERSSON, SECONDED BY NELSON, COUNCIL ADOPT THE ORDINANCE AS READ. ROLL CALL: ALL AYES. CARRIED. NEW BUSINESS MOVED BY KEOLKER-WHEELER, SECONDED BY CORMAN, Public Safety: West Nile Virus COUNCIL REFER THE WEST NILE VIRUS ISSUE TO COMMITTEE OF THE WHOLE. CARRIED. CITY COUNCIL.'...W. "`22W"'2W I April 28 2003 :< R ,. City Clerk's pffice lrx � � ? F mot .'. 3az Referrals COMMITTEE OF THE WHOLE West Nile Virus CONMTNITY SERVICES COMM=E 2003 Park, Recreation, and Open Space Plan IAC grant resolution for Heather Downs property acquisition IAC grant resolution for Edlund property acquisition Agreement with King County for Edlund property acquisition grant Main Ave. S. one-day closure for Veterans Memorial Park dedication ceremony PUBLIC SAFETY COMMITTEE Contract with FDM Software for Fire Department records management system Valley Special Response Team interlocal agreement May 5,2003 Renton City Council Minutes Page 164 Community Services: Senior In regards to the administrative report item concerning the 24th Annual Senior Stage Revue(24th Annual) Stage Revue, Council President Keolker-Wheeler stated that the program was really good and the participants were very talented and energetic. AUDIENCE COMMENT Dave C. Hardy,Founder/Division President/Advisory Committee Chairman for Citizen Comment: Hardy— Caring About our Rich Environment(CARE), 19235 108th Ave. SE,#206, Caring About Our Rich Renton,98055, stated that the environment is slowly being destroyed by Environment,Environmental everyday actions, and explained that CARE's purpose is to educate the public Awareness Organization about the subject of environmental awareness and to conduct projects towards that end. Mr. Hardy detailed passages from the organization's constitution, noting that any proposition brought before the organization is treated as if it were a bill (similar to state and national congresses). He concluded by stating his hope that CARE will flourish and grow over the next few years. CONSENT AGENDA Items on the consent agenda are adopted by one motion which follows the listing. Council Meeting Minutes of Approval of Council meeting minutes of April 28, 2003. Council concur. April 28, 2003 CAG: 02-119, Gene Coulon Community Services Department submitted CAG-02-119, Gene Coulon Park Play Area Improvements, Memorial Beach Park Play Area Improvements; and requested approval of the Clements Brothers project, authorization for final pay estimate in the amount of$4,286.56, commencement of 60-day lien period, and release of retained amount of $7,084.03 to Clements Brothers,Inc., contractor, if all required releases are obtained. Council concur. Human Services: 2003 CDBG Human Services Division recommended approval of the revised 2003 Contingency Plan Revision Community Development Block Grant(CDBG)Contingency Plan for additional capital funds in the amount of$111,430 and setting a public hearing on June 9, 2003. Refer to Community Services Committee; set public hearing for June 9,2003. MOVED BY KEOLKER-WHEELER, SECONDED BY PERSSON, COUNCIL APPROVE THE CONSENT AGENDA AS PRESENTED. CARRIED. CORRESPONDENCE A letter was read from Brad Nicholson, 2300 NE 28th St.,Renton,98056, Citizen Comment: Nicholson— requesting that the Planning and Development Committee review all evidence Nicholson Short Plat Appeal presented with his appeal(filed 3/6/2003)of the Hearing Examiner's decision Evidence(SHP-02-111) on the Administrative and Environmental Determination for the Nicholson Short Plat(SHP-02-111). MOVED BY BRIERE,SECONDED BY CORMAN, COUNCIL REFER THIS CORRESPONDENCE TO THE PLANNING& DEVELOPMENT COMMITTEE. CARRIED. Added Councilwoman Briere reported receipt of an e-mail from Judy Fillips, 3405 SE Citizen Comment: Fillips— 7th St.,Renton, 98058,regarding the use of chemicals along the Cedar River Cedar River Trail,Use of Trail. MOVED BY BRIERE, SECONDED BY CORMAN,COUNCIL REFER Chemicals THIS CORRESPONDENCE TO THE UTILITIES COMMITTEE. CARRIED. OLD BUSINESS Council President Keolker-Wheeler presented a report of the Committee of the Committee of the Whole Whole recommending concurrence in the staff recommendation that Council Pu is a e y: es t e Virus approve the proposed West Nile Virus Response Plan. MOVED BY Response Plan KEOLKER-WHEELER, SECONDED BY CORMAN, COUNCIL CONCUR IN THE COMMITTEE REPORT. CARRIED. 1 C :G`kr�C�ISIMCI Date COMMITTEE OF THE WHOLE COMMITTEE REPORT May 5, 2003 WEST NILE VIRUS RESPONSE PLAN (Referred April 28, 2003) The Committee of the Whole recommends concurrence in the staff recommendation that Council approve the proposed West Nile Virus Response Plan. Kathy Ke r-Wheeler, Council President cc: Gregg Zimmerman Lys Hornsby Ronald Straka C:\WINDOWS\TEMP\cowwnv-final.doc\lf I City of Renton Response Plan—West Nile Virus and Vector Mosquito Control April 21,2003 Introduction Mosquito-borne diseases pose both human health and environmental risks. First detected in the Eastern United States in 1999, West Nile Virus has become an increasing concern in our region. Mosquito control efforts have not been successful in halting the spread of this virus across the country. West Nile Virus was detected in Washington State in 2002, but there have been no human cases to date or any detections in King County. There were 260 deaths in 2002 due to West Nile Virus nationwide. Although this represents a relatively low public health risk (consider that approximately 30,000 people will die from the flu this season), steps can be taken to minimize the risk further. As a landowner, facility operator,employer, and city,Renton can assist in managing the public health risks of West Nile Virus by: • Monitor the occurrence of the virus • Supporting public education that emphasizes personal protection from bites and reduction of mosquito-breeding habitat on private property. • Initiating efforts to minimize mosquito-breeding habitat on City lands. • Controlling mosquito larva,when required. The City is relying on the local health department to conduct primary surveillance and basic public education and outreach for the general public. Renton's program will augment and support the actions taken by the State and local health departments. Approach Renton acknowledges that West Nile Virus poses some risk to human health and ecology. Our approach includes prudent measures to minimize this risk within the City. The City is not proposing indiscriminate use of pesticides over broad areas. Such use will not eliminate the virus and could pose larger ecological and public health risks than the virus itself. The following management guidelines describe the City's approach: Phase I: 1. Monitor the occurrence of the virus using local,other counties and State health department surveillance. 2. Support public education and outreach with emphasis on how residents and employees can protect themselves from mosquito bites and how residents can minimize breeding habitat on their property. 3. Minimize mosquito-breeding habitat on City property. 4. Apply for an Aquatic Mosquito Control permit through Department of Health. Phase II: 5. Renton will consider the use of larvicides only when required by the Department of Health and supported by adjacent jurisdictions with a coordinated program. H:\File Sys\USA-Utility Systems Division Administration\USA-16-Utility Committee\ipmmosquito.doc\LLH:lf Since the virus has not yet been detected in King County,the City proposes to implement Phase I of the response plan immediately,to continue through late fall of 2003. Phase II or Step five will be implemented only as indicated by the surveillance data and required by the Health Department. Implementation Phase I: Step 1: Monitor the occurrence of the virus using Public Health surveillance. Using the local and State Health Department website and surveillance program,Renton will monitor the incidence of West Nile Virus in King County and the City of Renton to assist in determining the presence of the virus and the need for increased control measures. Step 2: Support public education and outreach. Renton will develop information for the City website regarding West Nile Virus. The City website will also contain links to the local health department and the Center for Disease Control websites. The public information will emphasize personal protection to avoid mosquito bites and steps that residents can take to reduce mosquito breeding habitat. The City will make available brochures from the Department of Health. City staff will prepare articles for the Renton Reporter and Grady Grapevine, and produce a flyer for a utility bill insert,to educate residents and employees. Customer service staff will be provided with information to answer the most commonly asked questions. Step 3: Minimize mosquito breeding habitat on City property. The City will act to eliminate unnecessary standing water on City property and in City facilities. Each City Department will be responsible for inspection of City-owned lands within their control and will take steps to eliminate unnecessary standing water. The City will evaluate modifications of facility operations to minimize or eliminate standing water(e.g. irrigation procedures,storm water pond operation,etc.) Step 4: Apply for an Aquatic Mosquito Control permit through Department of Health. The City will make application to the Department of Health under their general permit for Aquatic Mosquito Control. This permit will allow the City to apply larvicides,if required(See Phase II, Step 5). Phase II: Proceed to Phase II- Step 5 only as required by the Health Department and/or a declaration of a public health emergency,and in coordination with adjacent jurisdiction's treatment programs: Step 5: Treatment of City-owned lands or facilities to control mosquitoes. Sites will be placed on a list for potential evaluation based on citizen or employee notification of a problem. Prior to the use of any treatment, sites on this list will be evaluated, at the City's discretion,using the following criteria: • Is the site a natural system with natural mosquito and larval control (predators)? • Is the standing water more than three feet deep? • Does the water within the site exchange within seven days? • Does the standing water drain within seven days? • Does this site pose a more significant source of larva than adjacent sites • Proximity to at-risk populations • Proximity to confirmed detections of West Nile Virus H:\File Sys\USA-Utility Systems Division Administration\USA-I6-Utility Comm ittee\ipmmosquito.doc\LLH:If For facilities or lands that have deeper water,exchange or drain water within seven days,or have natural larval control,treatment is probably not warranted. For facilities and lands that contain shallow, stagnant water and larvae are observable at the site,then the site may be tested for abundance of larvae. A minimum of 0.3 larvae per dip must be present in order to consider the use of larvicides. Renton will be looking to the Health Department to assist in determining a target larva density to trigger the use of larvicides. The City of Renton proposes to use the least toxic,species specific larvicides as follows: 1. Bacillus Thuringiensis Israelensis 2. Bacillus Sphaericus 3. Methoprene Any use of larvicides will be documented and comply with the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act(FIFRA)and reporting requirements of the permit. Renton will obtain a list of licensed applicators so as to prepared to conduct treatment,if required. H:\File Sys\USA-Utility Systems Division Administration\USA-16-Utility Committee\ipmmosquito.doc\LLH:lf CDC: West Nile CDC: West Nile Virus - Statistics, Surveillance, and Control >pf Maps 2004 Page 1 of 1 Close Window 2004 West Nile Virus Activity in the United States (reported to CDC as of January 11, 2005*) = Indicates human disease case(s). ImAvian,animal or mosquito infections. W A yT r NH OR 20 MN ID 34 MA ` 3 SD WI RI 10 NE IA PA NY Lrr 49 IL IN KS N] a DE ] AZ NM AR 14 ` 813 22 MD MS AL GA ' TX DC AK .p158 W v E] n HI PuertD Rico *Currently, West Nile virus maps are updated regularly to reflect surveillance reports released by state and local health departments to CDC's ArboNET system for public distribution. Map shows the distribution of avian, animal, or mosquito infection occurring during 2004 with number of human cases if any, by state. If West Nile virus infection is reported to CDC from any area of a state, that entire state is shaded. Data table: s of January 11, 2005 avian or animal WNV infections have been reported to CDC ArboNET from the following states: Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, West Virginia, Wisconsin, Wyoming, and Puerto Rico. Human cases have been reported in: Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Connecticut, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Virginia, Wisconsin, and Wyoming. Maps detailing county-level human, mosquito, veterinary, avian and sentinel data are published each week on the collaborative USGS/CDC West Nile virus web site: httt ://westnilemaps.usgs.go_v_Z http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dvbld/westnile/surv&controlO4Maps Pn'nterFriendly.htm 4/5/2005 CITY OF RENTON PLANNING/BUILDING/PUBLIC WORKS MEMORANDUM DATE: May 12, 2003 TO: Dennis Culp,Administrator Community Services Jack Crumley, Director amtenance Services FROM: Gregg Zimmerma`�f, �dminstrator PBPW SUBJECT: West Nile Virus Response Plan The Council approved the City's West Nile Virus Response Plan on Monday, May 5, 2003. Step 3 of the Plan calls for each City Department to inspect City-owned lands under their control and take steps to eliminate unnecessary standing water. In addition, the Plan states that the City will evaluate modifications of facility operations to minimize standing water (e.g. irrigation procedures). At this time we would ask that your maintenance staff begin inspecting properties and eliminating unnecessary standing water. After properties have been inspected, a memo to file should be completed that briefly summarizes the properties inspected, the condition of the property and any corrective actions taken. We expect that these inspections can take place at the same time as other maintenance activities. Properties should be checked periodically from spring to late fall and specifically following prolonged periods of wet weather. If you have any questions regarding this request,please contact Allen Quynn at X-7247. cc: Ron Straka Lys Hornsby Allen Quynn H:\File Sys\USA-Utility Systems Division Administration\USA-16-Utility Committee\mosginsp.doc\LLH\tb COMMITTEE OF THE WHOLE COMMITTEE REPORT May 5,2003 WEST NILE VIRUS RESPONSE PLAN (Referred April 28,2003) The Committee of the Whole recommends concurrence in the staff recommendation that Council approve the proposed West Nile Virus Response Plan. The Committee of the Whole also recommends concurrence in the staff recommendation that staff give a special presentation to the Council on the proposed West Nile Virus Response Plan. Kathy Keolker-Wheeler, Council President cc: Gregg Zimmerman Lys Hornsby Ronald Straka HAFile Sys\USA-Utility Systems Division Administration\USA-15-City Council and Administration\cowwnv-final.doc\lf i�I���iTi�'(•7[t� fi_r�YlTI EliMsDn[n;#.. DEET is an effective ingredient to look for in insect repellents.Always follow label instructions carefully. DUSK&DAWN are when mosquitoes are most active,so limit outdoor activities or take precautions to prevent mosquito bites. DRESS in long sleeves and pants during dawn and dusk or in areas where mosquitoes are active. DRAIN standing water around the house twice weekly.It's where mosquitoes lay eggs. Include tires,cans,flowerpots,and toys. West Nile Virus disease is rare,but if you have symptoms including high fever,severe headache and stiff neck,contact your health care provider immediately. Washington State Department of Health www.doh.wa.gov/wnv West Nile Virus hotline:1-866-78VIRUS MIM=i • • • • • TEED es un ingrediente efectivo que deben tener los repelentes de insectos.Siga siempre con cuidado las instrucciones de la etiqueta. AL ATARDECER yAMANECER es cuando estan mas activos los mosquitos;de manera que evite las actividades al aire libre o tome precauciones para prevenir las picaduras de mosquitos. USE camisas/blusas de manga larga y pantalones cuando est6 afuera al amanecer o atardecer o en areas donde haya actividad de mosquitos. DRENE el agua estancada alrededor de la Casa dos veces por semana,ya que es alli donde ponen sus huevos los mosquitos,incluyendo: Ilantas,botes de basura,macetas,y juguetes. La enfermedad del Virus del Nilo Occidental es muy rara,pero si usted tiene los siguientes sintomas:fiebre alta,fuerte dolor de cabeza y tiene el cuello rigido,p6ngase en contacto con su proveedor de servicios medicos inmediatamente. Departamento de Salud del Estado de Washington wwww.doh.wa.gov/wnv Virus del Nilo Occidental hotline:1-866-78VIRUS A93alllj I KIM A MUM 4 MA How to Use It 'Safelly s i ;i MoAquito en hel tag inst mosquito ites at ma carry iseas such West Ni e virus, ply repellent when you are outdoors a ' at risk for mosquito bites. Not all repellents are the same. The most effective ones contain DEET (N, N-diethyl-m-toluamide). Other repel- lents without DEET also protect against mosquito bites, but do not last as long. Choosing Repellents Choose a repellent that offers the best protection for the amount of time you will be outdoors. If you will be outdoors for several hours, use a product that has a higher concentration of the active ingredient. Read the product labels and compare. They often list the amount of time the product will last. Select a repellent that meets your needs. Read the entire label carefully before using, and follow the directions. F When using repellents with DEET, avoid those with more than 15% DEET for children, and more than 30% DEET for adults. 1- Use just enough repellent to cover exposed skin or clothing. Don't apply repellent to skin that is under clothing. Heavy application is not needed. r Avoid putting repellents on cuts, wounds, or irritated skin. r Don't apply to eyes and mouth. When using sprays, don't spray directly on your face. Spray on your hands and then rub them carefully over your face. r Don't allow young children to apply repellents to themselves. Have an adult do it for them. Keep repellents out of the reach of children. r When putting repellent on a child, apply it to your own hands, then rub your hands on the child. Avoid the child's eyes and mouth. r Don't put repellent on a child's hands. Children tend to put their hands in their mouths and near their eyes. r- When you come back indoors, wash treated skin with soap and water. Wash treated clothing before wearing it again. If you think a repellent is causing a bad reaction, stop using it, wash the treated skin, and call your health care provider or Washington Poison Center at 1-800-222-1222. Washington State Department of i*Health DOH Pub 333-054 5/2003 For persons with disabilities,this document is available on request in other formats.Please call 1-800-525-0127. k Recycle old '�7 bottles, buckets ri and cans. Fix leaky faucets and sprinklers. ,J Lam, Get rid of used tires properly. Empty water from flower Washington State pot dishes. Department of Health DOH Pub 333-048 4101 u �i�rvae Don't Give Mosquitoes A Chancel- Mosquitoes need water to breed and grow. It doesn't take much water and it doesn't take much time. So,almost anything that will hold water for one week or more can produce these pests. Many places around your home may be causing mosquito problems. Get rid of places where water collects and mosquitoes won't have a chancel WEST NILE VIRUS West Nile virus is preventable! Take these 3 steps to reduce the chance of a mosquito bite. Get rid of mosquito breeding habitat near your house • Tip out water from barrels, buckets and wheelbarrows weekly • Tip out containers such as toys or cans • Empty children's wading , pools when not in use �'' • Clean garden ponds • Get rid of used tires • Change water in �/ birdbaths and 1 animal troughs at least once a week • Recycle old bottles and cans • Empty water from flower pot dishes • Dump water off of tarps and plastic sheeting • Cover rain barrels with mosquito screens • Help your elderly or frail neighbors or relatives with these activities 2 Prepare your home • Clean leaf-clogged gutters • Repair leaky outdoor faucets • Repair ripped windows and door screens and make sure they.fit tight • Consider adding a screen door to doors that often are left open 3 Use personal protection when mosquitoes are biting • Wear long pants and long-sleeved shirts • Consider using an insect repellent • Insect repellents with DEET are effective -follow label instructions carefully Public Health-Seattle&King County is working hard to lessen the impact West Nile virus may have on our community. Please visit our website or call our hotline for more information: http://www.metrokc.gov/health/westnile 206-205-3883 (recording) Public Health wants to hear from you If you find a dead crow,blue jay or raven write down the address and time you found it,then call 206-205-4394 to make your report.Under certain circumstances,we may pick up the bird for testing. Most of the time,however, you will be asked to dispose of it in your garbage can. Disposing of a dead bird Crows and other animals do not spread West Nile virus directly to people.You can only get sick from the bite of an infected mosquito. Even so,do not touch a dead bird-use gloves or a shovel to double bag the bird in plastic bags. Dispose of the bird in the garbage. Fight Bite Public Health Seattle & King County HEALTHY PEOPLE. HEALTHY COMMUNITIES. City of Seattle @ King County _,_ 30502dh.fh8 Where can I find more WEST NILE VIRUS] What is West Nile virus? Who is at risk? on West Nile virus? West Nile virus is a serious, even fatal, The risk of getting West Nile virus is Human Health illness. It can affect people, horses, very low, but anyone can become Washington State Department of Health certain types of birds, and other infected. People over 50 years of age www.doh.wa.gov/wnv Do ou animals. In 1999, West Nile virus first have the highest risk of serious illness. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dvbid/westnile/ appeared in the United States in New index.htm If'now York City. Since that time, it has Insect Repellent Use and Safety spread rapidly throughout the coun- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention try. In 2002, the virus was found for www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dvbid/westnile/ga/ the first time in birds and horses in in sect repellent.htm Washington. Outdoor Workers what"s Centers for Disease Control and Prevention www.cdc.gov/niosh/westnileupd.html Equines, Other Livestock, Poultry boitoi ng Washington State Department of Agriculture www.wa.gov/agr/FoodAnimal/AnimalHealth/ ou WNVdefault.htm How is it spread? What are the symptoms? US Department of Agriculture www.aphis.usda.gov/lpa/issues/wnv/ West Nile virus is almost always Most people who are infected with wnv.html spread to people by the bite of an West Nile virus will not get sick. Information Lines infected mosquito. Mosquitoes About 1 in 5 people infected will have Washington Local Number =f > become infected after feeding on birds mild symptoms such as fever, head- 360.236.3980 that carry the virus. West Nile virus is ache, and body aches. Even fewer, Washington Toll-free Number not spread by direct contact with about 1 in 150 people infected, will 1.866.78VIRUS CDC Toll-free Number(TTY) ./ 7 infected people or animals. As we have more severe symptoms. Severe 1.866.874.2646r learn more about West Nile virus, we symptoms may include headache, may discover other routes of infec- high fever, neck stiffness, stupor, Washington State Department of tion. For more information, visit the disorientation, tremors, convulsions, iHiealth health Web sites listed on the back. muscle weakness, paralysis, and coma. DOH Pub 333-052 3/2003 Partially funded by If you have any of these symptoms, US Department of Health and Human Services Centers for Disease Control and Prevention contact your health care provider. For persons with disabilities,this document is available on request in other formats.Please call 1-800-525-0127. 1.866 • How can I protect my family? What are public health There is no human vaccine for West Nile virus. The best way to protect yourself is to avoid What should I do if I find agencies doing in mosquitoes. Take these steps to avoid mosquito bites and reduce the places where mosquitoes a dead bird? Washington state? live and breed around your home. West Nile virus infects certain wild birds. State and local health departments: Crows, jays, ravens, and magpies tend to • Monitor for West Nile virus by trap- Avoid Mosquito Bites Don't Give Mosquitos a Home become sick and die from infection. ping and identifying mosquitoes. Increasing numbers of dead birds may be • Track the number of dead bird reports. r Make sure windows and doors are r- anything that holds standing an indication of West Nile virus in your • Collect specific species of dead birds "bug tight." Repair or replace screens. water—old tires, buckets, plastic community. You can help by reporting for laboratorytestin covers, flowerpots, and toys. dead crows and other birds to your local g Stay indoors at dawn and dusk, if health department, environmental • Notify health care providers to look for possible, when mosquitoes are most r Change the water in your birdbaths, health program. Look in the phone book and report symptoms in patients. active. fountains, wading pools, and animal under County Government—Health. • Notify veterinarians to look for and IM troughs at least twice a week. Certain dead birds will be tested to report horses and other animals with Wear a long sleeve shirt, long pants, monitor for West Nile virus. signs of West Nile virus. and a hat when going into mosquito- r Recycle unused containers that can While there is no current evidence that • Distribute information on the virus infested areas, such as wetlands or collect water—bottles, cans, and you can get West Nile virus from han- and how to control mosquitoes. woods. buckets. dling dead birds, avoid bare-handed These efforts are designed to identify r Use mosquito repellent when neces- r Make sure roof gutters drain properly; contact. Use gloves or double plastic bags West Nile virus before an outbreak. sary. Read the label and carefully and clean clogged gutters in the spring to place the carcass in a garbage can. Public health officials will alert commu- follow the instructions. Take special and fall. nities about measures that they can take What is an effective care when using repellent on children. to control West Nile virus. r Fix leaky outdoor faucets and mosquito repellent? sprinklers. Repellents that contain DEET are the most effective. DEET products come in Can West Nile virus affect my pets? lotions, creams, gels, sprays, and towelettes. Check the label for the For the latest on West Nile West Nile virus can cause serious illness in horses and donkeys.Though most horses do not chemical name for DEET: N,N-diethyl-m- virus in Washington, visit get sick, about 1 in 3 horses that do get sick will die.To protect your horses ask your veterinar- toluamide. www.doh.wa.gov/wnv ian about the West Nile virus vaccine for horses. Follow the same steps as above to reduce Products containing DEET must be used places where mosquitoes live and breed near horse pastures and barns. It is rare that West Nile properly. Read and follow instructions virus will cause illness in dogs, cats, and other animals. on the label. Do not over use repellents. Prevent West Nile virus Protect your home against • • • • - MOSQUITOES - �\M Pool cover that collects water, neglected swimming pool, �` hot tub or child's wading pool Y Birdbath(clean weekly)and ornamental pond(stock with fish) 4 , r Any toy,garden equipment or container that can hold water Flat roof without adequate drainage Clogged rain gutter (home and street) Trash and discarded tires Tree rot Missing,damaged Uncovered boat or Leaky faucet (drill drain holes in hole or hollow or improperly boat cover that or pet bowl bottom of tire swings) stump installed screens collects water (change water daily) Public Health Hotline: (206) 205-3883 Seattle&King County http://www.metrokc.gov/health/westnile HEALTHY PEOPLE.HEALTHY COMMUNITIES. Available in alternate formats. • King County Clt of Seattle Printed by Authority of the State of Illinois y 93320(7/04) Template for West Nile Virus Response Plan For use by municipalities and partner agencies, 2005 Resources: - Do people who are handling WNV know whom to contact if they need educational materials(i.e. WNV video, fact sheets&brochures)or training and/or technical assistance with WNV surveillance, education,or control? Contact person: Leah Helms,Public Health—Seattle&King County, Environmental Health Division 206)296-3998 or leah.helms@metrokc.gov - Do people who are handling WNV know whom to contact at Public Health in the event of positive surveillance findings? Contacts: Sharon Hopkins(206)2054394 or Leah Helms(206)296-3998 Media relations/PIO: Hilary Karasz-Dominguez(206)2964767 ♦ Some Educational materials,including translations,can be downloaded and printed for reproduction from the Public Health website at http://www.metrokc.gov/health/westnile Outreach and Education: Designated person to handle media inquiries about WNV in my jurisdiction is: Phone number: Designated person to handle public inquiries about WNV activities in my jurisdiction is: Phone number: - What are the mechanisms in place to disseminate educational materials to the residents of the jurisdiction? (for example: libraries,city/agency website,newsletters,community service centers, senior center,city hall,utility billing inserts) - Do the residents of your jurisdiction know where and how to report dead bird sightings? Public Health—Seattle&King County-Environmental Health Division(206)205-4394 or web-based reporting at www.metrokc.gov/health/westnile - Do the residents of your jurisdiction know whom to ask environmental health aspects; dead bird and mosquito complaints;WNV prevention and general West Nile virus questions? All questions go to Public Health—Seattle&King County,Environmental Health Division(206) 205-4394. - For human health questions contact Public Health—Seattle&King County, Communicable Disease- Epidemiology,(206)296-4774. Surveillance: - Staff person coordinating surveillance: Phone: - Is there a map of potential mosquito habitat for properties owned by the jurisdiction? Potential mosquito habitat includes stormwater ponds,catchbasins, swamps,parks, and other structures,etc. Template for West Nile Virus Response Plan Page 2 of 2 - Are staff routinely surveying possible mosquito habitat areas or mosquito problem areas for mosquito larvae or adult mosquitoes? - Is there a plan to include residential developments in mosquito surveillance? - Do you know how to obtain mosquito surveillance equipment and mosquito surveillance training? Contact Leah Helms,WNV Coordinator,Public Health—Seattle&King County,Environmental Health Division,(206)296-3998. Control: - Person coordinating mosquito control activities: Phone: - Are there staff in place to field mosquito inquiries from residents of your jurisdiction? - Does the jurisdiction have a NPDES permit(Aquatic Mosquito Control National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System(NPDES)Waste Discharge General Permit)? A NPDES permit is needed to do any mosquito control work over a body of water,and mosquito larvae are found in aquatic environments. For information and on-line application procedure, see the WA Dept.of Health web site at http://www.doh.wa.gov/ehp/ts/Zoo/WNV/Permit.htmi - Do appropriate city staff have Pest Control Operator(PCO)licenses in the event larviciding is necessary? Or is there a plan to contract out mosquito control and surveillance activities? Information about PCO training and licensing is available from Washington State University's Pesticide Education Program at hqp://pep.wsu.edu/Education/plt/pitscwe.html - Are there staff in place who do mechanical methods of mosquito control(examples: cleaning roof gutters,reducing standing water on properties owned or maintained by the jurisdiction, screens on windows)(this is for public or city owned properties only). Designated staff to do mosquito control work in your jurisdiction if necessary? Contacts: Phone number: Phone number: Phone number: Phone number: Bellevue's West Nile Virus (WNV) Response Role — WNV is a public health issue and public health agencies are the experts. Bellevue's role is to support the federal, state and local public health agencies in addressing this public health issue by Q Supporting their surveillance program Q Supporting their education & outreach program (for Bellevue's citizens and City workers) and Q Applying control measures (to reduce mosquito-breeding habitat & mosquito pools) to City- owned facilities and lands, consistent with public health alert levels and recommended response. DRAFT CITY OF BELLEVUE, WA 2005 WEST NILE VIRUS RESPONSE PLAN Based on (and consistent with) Washington Department of Health and Seattle-King County Department of Public Health Alert Levels and Response Recommendations' Alert Alert Level Definition - Surveillance Response Education Response Control Response Level (Note: Applied at County Level) APPLIED TO CITY-OWNED FACILITIES & LAND Prepare education/outreach plan including No controls being implemented. Review control 0 Off-Season No surveillance activity review/revise web, mailings of public health measures and SOPs for upcoming season. Prepare (November — March) outreach brochures, etc. Prepare budget budget request for the control measures.. request for outreach plan and materials. Support local and state Inform Bellevue Citizens — Continue: (1) Public Stormwater Ponds (69 dry & 6 wet) — Monitor for public health agencies' Maintaining City WNV web page; (2) larva; apply larvicides as necessary. Mosquito Season surveillance activities by Providing Commission update memos (3) Public Street Drains / Swales — Inspect street drains (April through October) Providing public health's Making WNV brochures available at Park and swales on a complaint or request basis; apply information on how to and City facilities (4) Providing updated larvicides as necessary No positive WNV infection collect, store and report "Who to contact" info sheet to City staff Parks' Water Features — Monitor those water features findings in King County in the dead birds to the receiving requests from the public. located near senior populations; apply larvicides as 1 Seek Outreach Opportunities — for ex., "It's necessary. current calendar year. agencies residents Your City", June 2005 issue, will have a City-owned properties Where possible, identify & and city employees ployees (web WNV article by \NDOH. eliminate stagnant surface water sources. (e.g. no WNV positive birds or page, human resources, Inform City Staf1' of Available Protection — Pest Control Services There is a joint Utilities and mosquito pools or WNV cases staff meeting, calls, etc.); Continue: (1 ) Providing information on HR Parks on-call pest control services contract through in humans or horses) . When feasible, submit intranet page and at staff meetings. 2005 for 20K total. Pest control company would apply live mosquito larva Keep City PIOs Informed - Provide PIOs larvicides if City staff identified need through monitoring samples to agencies with key messages re WNV response public facilities listed above. Continue with above outreach and Continue Alert Level 1 control actions and as Mosquito Season education efforts, and. recommended by public health agencies): (April through October) Private Drainage Inspection Program - Send Pond Control Structures & Street Drains / Swales Continue support of public public health's "Mosquito Control on Private Monitor & apply larvicides, as necessary, to pond 2 Confirmed infections in wild health's surveillance Property" brochure to Program customers. control structures & street drains w/in '/4 mile of senior birds and/or mosquito pools in Tailor cover letter to specifically comment on centers, homes, etc. King County but no positive activities higher risk of serious infections at senior Parks — Monitor additional year-round water features & findings prior to August 1. centers, retirement homes, etc. (total of 176 apply larvicides as necessary. Inspect facilities (used private stormwater ponds and 12,145 predominantly by seniors such as golf courses) and private storm drains in Program).— eliminate mosquito breeding habitat where feasible. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - •- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Summary Draft 2005 Bellevue WNV Response Plan - BUD 4-25-05.doc Pagel of 2 4-21-05 PV Alert Definition Surveillance Response Education Response Control Response Level APPLIED AT COUNTY LEVEL APPLIED TO CITY-OWNED FACILITIES & LAND Continue with above, and; Continue Alert Level 1 and 2 control actions, and: Bellevue citizens — Mail public health WNV Public Street Drains & Swales: Monitor and larvicide as `protection against mosquito bites' and necessary the public street drains and swales located Mosquito Season mosquito-breeding habitat source reduction within 1/4 mile of areas with positive WNV test findings (April through October) brochure in Utility bills. (e.g., identified by Public Health in birds, mosquitoes, PIOs - Provide copy of City's response plan. horses, humans, etc.) . Be prepared, if directed by Initial confirmation of WNV (that is consistent with public health State and local public health agencies, to monitor all positive bird collected before agencies response plan recommendations) (20,000+) public street drains and swales for standing St to the press if requested. water and to apply larvacides. Requires pest control August 1 and/or a horse or Continue support of public 3 human case in King County. health's surveillance services and/or City staff to obtain pesticide applicator's activities. license to apply larvicides. Parks — Be prepared to respond if Public Health OR multiple cases of WNV determines specific areas of high human risk and the infected birds or mosquito need for limited, targeted adult mosquito spraying to kill pools in the absence of adult mosquitoes (adulticiding). An example is horse or human WNV cases spraying of a park the day before an evening public in King County. event such as an outdoor concert. Private Drainage Systems on City-Owned Properties Work with other departments to facilitate application of larvicides to drainage systems on their properties. — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — . — — — — — — — — — — — — — el Mosquito Season Continue Alert Levs 1 , 2—, and— 3—control— —actions— —an— d: (April through October) Adulticiding (in Specific Areas) means spraying Surveillance in King County pesticides into the air to kill adult mosquitoes. Adulticiding will be considered as an emergency option indicates high risk of multiple for control. With direction and technical support from human infections, escalating infections in horses and/or Continue support of public Public Health, initiate on-going adult mosquito spraying 4 birds, abundant adult mosquito health's surveillance Continue with above outreach and program in high risk areas. activities. education. vectors and conditions favoring Example: Arizona mosquito control district response in continued transmission to 2004 included 40 trucks spraying larvicides in Phoenix humans. area (population 1 .3 million) where WNV outbreak was concentrated; Center for Disease Control Public Health Emergency may recommended that Arizona do aerial adulticiding. be declared. Arizona had 391 human WNV infections — 14 deaths. ' April 2005 WNV Phased Response Guidelines for Cities in King County, Public Health— Seattle &King County; and Washington State Department of Health Guidelines for a Phased Response Summary Draft 2005 Bellevue WNV Response Plan - BUD 4-25-05.doc Page 2 of 2 4-21-05 PV West Nile Virus Training —April 22, 2005 — Eastgate PH office AGENDA 8:45 Registration 9:00 Welcome Dr. Ngozi Oleru, Public Health—Seattle& Expectations of cities and partner agencies King County, Director of Environmental Health 9:20 Epidemiology of WNV—current national picture Tom Gibbs,WNV Animal Surveillance and outlook for western states in 2005 Coordinator, WA Dept of Health or Leslie Spangler,WNV Coordinator,DOH 9:40 WNV disease--the human side Amy Bode, Public Health Assistant Medical Director for Communicable Disease/Epidemiology 10:00 WNV prevention education and risk Hilary Karasz, Public Health Public communication Information Officer 10:15 Break&door prizes 10:30 NPDES Permit Ben Hamilton,DOH 10:45 Dept Natural Resource's program for mosquito Dan Willot, King County Dept of Natural surveillance and larvaciding—practical Resources and Parks considerations and cost 11:15 City of Bellevue's approach to WNV control Phyllis Varner, Surface Water Manager,City of Bellevue 11:45 Public Health's Updated WNV Response Plan Sharon Hopkins, Public Health Veterinarian Questions and WNV Program lead f 15 Wra u15— OPTIONAL: Training in mosquito larva dipping Dave Christensen, Public Health WNV 0 techniques and review of data collection forms Coordinator JOCr UAL OF Dedicated to the advancement of the environmental health professional \garch 2005 'Cy fl to r u. o I w� H"_. ronmental He�alth 1 OU MAM K� y 5 t ' 'e9YR ._ .-r 4 c Tr The Effectiveness 07 a Larvici P. n Urbar, Cate 4 FATURES Analysis of Bacillus sP haericus in Controlling Mosquito Populations � P in Urban Catch Basins Palak Raval-Nelson,M.P.H. Ketki Soin Suzy Tolerud last fr Abstract om three days to several weeks.Mature '� 3 r -� '} � larvae then metamorphose to the pupal stage. Pupae usually transform within a few days _ into adult mosquitoes (University of Flori- da, American Mosquito Association, 2001). Adult mosquitoes are able to fly and transmit b' disease,and are harder to target with control measures than are the larval stages. Mosquitoes in general inhabit a wide range of moist habitats, including damp soil, con- 5 c a = tainers, tires, and ponds. The Culex pipiens species breeds primarily in receptacles such as catch basins that hold stagnant water { g and organic material. This habitat provides x mosquitoes with shade, standing water, and � a ? � r � decomposing organic material Even with out rain, runoff from home sprinkling sys- tems may provide enough water to facilitate. Intmducfion and raptors.The virus is spread when female mosquito breeding throughout the summer West Nile virus is an arbovirus that causes mosquitoes feed on infected birds, then bite (Wade,2001). a number of symptoms,including encephali- humans and animals when taking their blood In order to prevent the spread of these tis,an inflammation of the brain.Most com- meal. During each blood meal, they inject potential vectors of West Nile virus, control monly found in Africa,West Asia, and East- some saliva into their host,and the saliva can measures must be taken to prevent them ern Europe, the virus was confirmed present transmit any disease the mosquito is carrying from completing their life cycle in catch ba- for the first time in North America in New (Crans,2000). Mosquitoes can also transmit sins and similar habitats.Three main control York City in 1999(Pennsylvania Department West Nile virus to their eggs. measures are used to eliminate mosquitoes: of Health,2000).By 2000,cases were found Female mosquitoes feed on animal and hu- source reduction, larviciding, and adulticid- as far south as Pennsylvania. man blood to obtain the protein and other ing.Source reduction is the most effective and The virus can be spread quickly by mos- nutrients they need to lay their eggs (Crans, permanent method of mosquito control, and quitoes. Sixty species of mosquitoes inhabit 2000).After taking a blood meal,female mos- includes removing empty containers that col- Pennsylvania (Pennsylvania Department of quitoes deposit their eggs on wet substrates lect rainwater in and around residential areas, Environmental Protection, 2001). Of these, or standing water. The incubation period for covering swimming pools that are not in use, only a few have been found to carry West the eggs varies by species and environmental retrofitting catch basins to eliminate standing Nile virus. The virus is primarily transmit- conditions,and may range from a few days to water,and constructing dikes in salt marshes ted by the Culex pipiens species. Mosquitoes over a year. When the eggs hatch,the mos- (University of Florida, American Mosquito serve only as a vector to transmit the virus quito larvae develop in the water. Larval de- Control Association, 2001). All of these ac- from one host to another. The primary hosts velopment consists of four stages, known as tions reduce mosquito breeding grounds and for the virus are birds, especially corvids instars,and collectively these four stages can therefore control future generations. Source 28 Volume 67'Number 7 BLE 1 Initial and Final Dipping Results Initial Final Initial Final Initial Final Dipping Dipping Dipping Dipping Dipping Dipping I V Y N 14 C Y Y 47 Y Y N 2 C N 25 V Y N- 48 ( Y Y 3 V Y N 26 C Y Y 49 V Y N 4 C Y Y 27 V Y Inaccessible 50 C Y Y 5 V Y N 28 [ Y Y 51 V Y N 6 C Y A lot Y 29 V Y N 52 C Y Y 7 V Y N 30 ( Y Y 53 V Y N 8 C Y N 31 V Y N 54 C Y Y 9 V Y N 32 [ Y Y 55 C Y Y 10 C Y N 33 V Y N 56 C N I I V Y A lot N 34 C Y Y 57 V Y N 12 C Y Y 35 V Y N 58 C Y Y 13 V Y A lot N 36 C Y Y 59 V Y N 14 C Y A lot Y 37 V Y N 60 C Y Inaccessible 15 C Y Y 38 C Y N Oellow line 61 V Y N 16 C N Dee 39 V Y N 62 C Y Y Il V Y N 40 [ N 63 V Y N 18 C N 41 V N 64 C Y Y 19 V Y N 42 V Y N 65 C N 20 C Y Y 43 C Y N (Moving water 66 V Y N 21 V Y N 44 V Y N 67 V Y N 22 C Y Y 45 C Y N 68 C Y Y 23 V N 46 V N 69 V Y N 70 C Y Y reduction is not always a plausible option, and chemical growth inhibitors (University water. A single pouch can be used to treat however,because elimination of some breed- of Florida,American Mosquito Control Asso- each catch basin for approximately 30 days ing grounds may be too costly or harmful to ciation, 2001). One naturally occurring bac- (State of New Hampshire, Department of the surrounding environment. teria used as a larvicide is Bacillus sphaericus, Health and Human Services,2000).Larvicid- Where source reduction is not possible, which attacks mosquito larvae from the first ing effectively eliminates the next generation larviciding is the next best option for mos- to third instars.When ingested,B.sphaericus of mosquitoes when specific mosquito breed- quito control. Larviciding is the application damages the gut of the larvae,resulting in its ing sites such as catch basins can be located of agents to prevent mosquito larvae from death.B.sphaericus is commercially produced and treated.It provides a more efficient solu- maturing.There are several types of larvicide, in various forms suited to specific environ- tion than adulticiding because it is target spe- and a specific larvicide may be more effective ments(State of New Hampshire,Department cific and less disruptive to the surrounding against one species than another. Larval sur- of Health and Human Services,2000). habitat.It is also less controversial than other veillance and knowledge of various larvicides B. sphaericus also is packaged as a water forms of mosquito control. is important in order to apply the most effec- soluble pouch (WSP) and is used to treat Adulticiding is a last resort for mosquito tive larvicide to each mosquito breeding site. standing water in environments such as control when source reduction and larvi- Examples of larvicides include concentra- catch basins. The pouches quickly dissolve ciding are inefficient. Adulticiding is the tions of certain types of bacteria found in and release granules,which distribute evenly, aerial or ground application of insecticides nature, monomolecular surface films, oils, horizontally and vertically, throughout the to eliminate an adult mosquito population. March 2005-Journal of Environmental Health 29 � - 1 Chemicals approved for this use are ap- plied by techniques such as fogging, space GiTRE 1 sprays, and barrier treatments (University of Florida, American Mosquito Control As- percentage of Catch Basins with Larvae During Initial Dipping sociation, 2001).Adulticiding is the least ef- ficient method of mosquito control because it is not target specific and may have a nega- 13% tive impact on other organisms.Therefore,it ■Catch basins with is primarily used when other actions fail to larvae eliminate a mosquito population. ■Catch basins Method 87% without larvae The study reported here first evaluated wheth- er catch basins in an urban area in southeast- - ern Pennsylvania were used by mosquitoes G ITRE 2 as breeding sites to complete their life cycle. Second,the study set out to determine the ef- fectiveness of B.sphaericus as a control agent Percentage of Treated Catch Basins without Larvae During Final Dipping and the amount of time B.sphaericus takes to go into effect. Seventy catch basins were selected from 3%-\ ■Catch basins the streets of the city during the summer without larvae months. All catch basins were located with- ■Inaccessible catch in an estimated 55-square-block area in the basins west and southwest sections of the city to 97% ensure that all the catch basins would be in a similar environment. Each catch basin was examined for mosquito larvae with a catch basin dipper according to a standard dipping G URE 3 procedure. The dipper was submerged and moved throughout the water to fill the net. IPercentage of Control Catch Basins with Larvae During Final Dipping After several seconds, the dipper was lifted from the catch basin.The researchers washed the contents of the net into a white collection ®Catch basins with tray using a water bottle. The presence or 17% 30/( larvae absence of larvae was recorded. If no larvae 4 �p ■Catch basins were present from the first dip, the dipping without larvae process was repeated twice to ensure accura- cy ■Inaccessible catch Dipping results showed larvae inhabiting 80% basins 60 of the 70 catch basins(Table 1). The second part of the study was designed to determine the effectiveness of B. sphaeri- When the experiment had been complet- same standard dipping procedure previ- cus in preventing mosquito larvae from de- ed, B. sphaericus product also was added to ously described. The contents of the tray, veloping into adult mosquitoes in urban the catch basins that served as controls to including larvae and a quantity of water catch basins being used as breeding sites. eliminate a potential public health risk. The from the catch basin containing decompos- Only 60 catch basins were used in this part post-treatment results were compared with ing organic material and other organisms, of the study because the remaining 10 did the initial quantities of larvae to analyze the were transferred to the aquarium. The en- not contain larvae.The catch basins were di- effectiveness of B. sphaericus in eradicating tire process was repeated several times to vided randomly into two groups and marked mosquito larvae. A Chi-square test was per- obtain a sufficient number of larvae. The according to whether they would be treated formed to determine if results were statisti- aquarium was transferred to a cool, shady with B.sphaericus or left as controls. cally significant. room where it was treated by insertion of Half of the 60 catch basins were each treat- The study also observed the rate at which one pouch of B. sphaericus. The rate at ed with one B. sphaericus pouch while the B. sphaericus eradicated mosquito larvae. which B. sphaericus dissolved and spread other half served as untreated controls.Seven To determine this rate, an aquarium with throughout the aquarium was observed and to 16 days after the catch basins were treated, dimensions 11.5 in. x 9.5 in. x 19.5 in. recorded.The amount of time necessary for each catch basin was examined again for the was used to model the habitat of an urban B.sphaericus to take effect was analyzed by presence of viable mosquito larvae with the catch basin.Mosquito larvae were collected the rate at which it killed the mosquito lar- same dipping procedure as before. from two catch basins in the area with the val instars. 30 Volume 67•Number 7 , Results In the second part of the experiment, the The experiment represented the conditions Of the 70 catch basins examined in the study, B. sphaericus killed larvae present in the of catch basins in a particular section of a large 87 percent had larvae during the initial dip- aquarium within 24 hours, except for those city and detennined the effectiveness of B. ping (Figure 1). Only 30 of the catch basins in the fourth instar. Larvae in the fourth in- sphaericus over a two-week period; the study were treated in the second part of the expert- star became pupa and then adult mosquitoes. was limited by time constraints.It would be de- ment because not all of the catch basins con- This result was expected because the product sirable to conduct longer studies to gain addi- tained larvae;B.sphaericus eliminated larvae containing B. sphaericus is designed to kill tional knowledge on the viability of B.sphaeri- in 97 percent of the catch basins that were larvae only in the first through third instars. cus for a longer period of time. Such studies treated (Figure 2). The remaining 3 percent Mosquito larvae in the fourth instar stop should expand the target area to include a larg- of the basins were inaccessible during the feeding before they metamorphose into pu- er sample of catch basins, conduct additional final dipping, and the effectiveness of the pae,so B.sphaericus is not effective on them. dipping after three to four weeks to determine product could not be ascertained from these B. sphaericus did not affect any other organ- the length of time for which B.sphaericus is ef- basins. Of the 30 catch basins used as con- isms,such as worms,in the aquarium. fective,and develop different dipping methods trols,80 percent still contained larvae,while to include the various types of catch basins. 17 percent did not and 3 percent were inac- Discussion and Conclusion Studies like these are important and should be cessible(Figure 3). The study reported here demonstrated that B. comprehensive because as seen in this study, Results of the study were tabulated, and sphaericus WSP is effective in killing mosqui- mosquitoes breed in numerous urban catch ba- a Chi-square test was performed to assess to larvae in urban catch basins for a period sins. To eliminate some of the potential threat the statistical significance of the effect of the of at least two weeks, the period of time for of the West Nile virus,it is vital to know if the larvicide. A cutoff p-value of .05 was estab- which the study was conducted. The results biological agents being used are working effec- lished. If the calculated p-value were below from the study were significant because the tively so that the mosquito population can be .05, it was concluded that the larvicide did p-value from the Chi-square test was<.05. eradicated from urban catch basins. K have an effect. If the calculated p-value were One hundred catch basins in the west and above.05,the larvicide was considered not to southwest sections of the city were targeted Acknowledgements: The authors thank Ran- have had an impact on the larvae in the catch for study. Because of limitations found after dall B. Hirschhorn for his assistance and basins. The Chi-square value obtained was the study was designed, however, only 70 moral support. 40.9412,and the p-value was<_.001.Thus,it catch basins could be used. Many could not was postulated that larvae in the catch basins be dipped because their design precluded Corresponding Author. Palak Raval-Nelson, were eradicated by B. sphaericus and not by dipping or because there was a lack of stand- 8201 Chelwynde Ave.,Philadelphia,PA 19153. random chance. ing water. E-mail:palak.raval-nelson@phila.gov. NCE ——KE ! 'F -ai ` t yet` c x3r+ F ' '� x Cratis W 000) FreYlueii4q asked*esttbns abb tt l r3 �'t� z2 E ,7fch� itlr W sx li Rutgers Cb�peattvextens36ns 1?�90© http:/lwwgv rce tutgrsdt r < y ° ptbspdfs/f526 pdf a Y Peni sylvanta Depai rtrtent rff EtiviFotnnental mtt Mt)W-- 2( p (Mat A MbsQutta tt Batton irianual:West 1$lile sur t e 141 04 mantlal-� fosqutirtes. >fttt //w y�ifa5 uJl�dtt/ pe re tor/ hap pra�Yttm mttnEt�l Harrtsbtlrg,PA:.Author �� � tet,`Q3�m>n2�,�txne�,00�}'r ' Pemrs}tly ru 13e art nt 6I'I�e'A th (2000) s hrt�t �� 0 'Ittrr tf €o [rod Tr6ztchVat r� 1�e= shulrl Jz>x abafif test{title vcYus [Btochitre � o meatcitShk //atetteat �nd� u � z ,� ? M Petnsylvanta+ }apartment ofvronmetY tat Pao ggmen-most�io trtt3taf ien�h/;rtdex#ttt �Zi State:of New 13atpshtre, DepAttmttt of HeaLa ' , 201 � vices -20d0}.Uectolac-�Btetllusssphar?ricts} All Quality Assurance.....................37 Garrison Enterprises.......................84 San Aire Industries..........................37 Berner International........................65 G1oGerm/ . ..... Food Safety First.............37 Smith Detection............. ......... .....5 Comark Industries............................6 LaMotte Company...........................81 U.S.Army............................ ..........75 Cooper-Atkins.................................81 Mars Air Door.................................61 Walden University...........................43 Decagon...........................................69 NSF..................................................83 EMSL.................................................2 Same Day Distributing....................65 March 2005•Journal of Environmental Health 31 Ronald Straka Re: Fwd: 4/22 West Nile Virus Seminar Page 1 From: Ronald Straka Start: 04/25/2005 Due: 05/13/2005 Subject: Re: Fwd: 4/22 West Nile Virus Seminar The Mayor would like us to attend this upcoming seminar(West Nile Virus) and be prepared to address the following. Gregg >>> Margaret Pullar 4/14/2005 1:51:45 PM >>> Per the Mayor, after staff attends this seminar, she will need to discuss our response plan with you. 1) Do you recommend adopting the plan as recommended by Public Health or do we already have a plan? 2) Is there any cost implications? 3)What is our plan to provide public information? 4) Should Council be briefed at COW or should we do a special presentation at a regular Council meeting? 5) Anything else you want to recommend on this topic? >>> Gregg Zimmerman 4/13/2005 8:06-09 AM >>> Lys, I am now reading the letter that Margaret references below. The seminar, entitled "West Nile Virus Training"will occur on April 22 at the Eastgate PH office and will take place between 4:45 and 1:00. The agenda is attached to the letter, which I am forwarding to you. It does look like this could be a useful seminar, so I encourage attendence by a Utilities representative. When you have had a chance to look through the information, let Margaret and I know. Thanks. Gregg >>> Margaret Pullar 4/13/2005 7:05:29 AM >>> Gregg, Yesterday, I sent you a copy of a 4/8 letter to the Mayor from Seattle/King County Public Health. Item 5 on the first page notes a West Nile seminar on April 22nd. The Mayor wants to know if you plan to send staff to this training. Would you please let me know. Thanks, Margaret Press Release For Immediate Release Contact: CDC Media Relations April 28, 2005 404-639-3286 CDC Adopts New Repellent Guidance for Upcoming Mosquito Season Americans have more options than ever to use in protecting themselves from mosquito bites. Today, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) released new guidance about effective mosquito repellents available in the United States. The updated guidance includes addition of two active ingredients— picaridin and oil of lemon eucalyptus—which have been shown to offer long- lasting protection against mosquito bites. Repellents containing DEET continue to be a highly effective repellent option and are also included in the CDC guidelines. Picaridin, also known as KBR 3023, is an ingredient found in many mosquito repellents used in Europe, Australia, Latin America and Asia for some time. Evidence indicates that it works very well, often comparable with DEET products of similar concentration. One product, containing 7 percent picaridin, is being distributed in the United States for the first time this year. The other repellent is oil of lemon eucalyptus (also known as p-menthane 3,8-diol or PMD), a plant-based mosquito repellent that provided protection time similar to low concentration DEET products in two recent studies. It is available in a variety of formulations throughout the United States. "We're very excited that the number of options people have to protect themselves from mosquitoes and therefore West Nile Virus has increased," said CDC Director Julie L. Gerberding. "Products containing DEET, picaridin and oil of lemon eucalyptus are all excellent choices. The important thing is that they remember to protect themselves from mosquito bites when they're going to be outside. We want people to enjoy their spring and summer free of West Nile Virus." Mosquito season has already begun in some parts of the country. With mosquitoes comes the risk of West Nile Virus infection and other infections spread by mosquitoes. Just one bite can lead to an infection that could cause serious illness or even death. While people over 50 are more likely to become seriously ill if infected with WNV, people of any age can become mildly to seriously ill. Most people who contract West Nile Virus do not show any symptoms. However, about 20 percent of people experience symptoms such as fever, headache, nausea and vomiting and an estimated 1 in 150 people infected with WNV will develop severe illness. The severe symptoms can include high fever, stupor, disorientation, coma, tremors, convulsions, muscle weakness, vision loss and paralysis. DEET, picaridin and oil of lemon eucalyptus are all registered with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, which regulates these products. Repellents registered with EPA have been evaluated for both safety and efficacy when used according to label instructions. CDC recommends that people use repellent anytime they go outside, especially during prime mosquito biting hours, between dusk and dawn. People should follow the label instructions, and if they start getting bitten re-apply repellent. CDC works with state and local health departments, federal and other government agencies, as well as private industry, to prepare for and prevent new cases of West Nile virus infection. CDC coordinates ArboNet, a nation-wide electronic database that gathers information about West Nile virus in humans and animals, in order to guide prevention and response activities. To learn more about how to protect yourself and your family from West Nile Virus, please visit www.cdc.gov/westnile. More Template for West Nile Virus Response Plan For use by municipalities and partner agencies, 2005 Resources: - Do people who are handling WNV know whom to contact if they need educational materials(i.e. WNV video, fact sheets&brochures)or training and/or technical assistance with WNV surveillance, education,or control? Contact person: David Christensen,Public Health—Seattle&King County,Environmental Health Division(206)296-3998 or david.christensen@metrokc.gov - Do people who are handling WNV know whom to contact at Public Health in the event of positive surveillance findings? Contacts: Sharon Hopkins(206)205-4394 or David Christensen(206)296-3998 Media relations/PIO: Hilary Karasz-Dominguez(206)296-4767 ♦ Some Educational materials,including translations,can be downloaded and printed for reproduction from the Public Health website at http://www.metroke.p-ov/health/westnile Outreach and Education: - Designated person to handle media inquiries about WNV in my jurisdiction is: Phone number: - Designated person to handle public inquiries about WNV activities in my jurisdiction is: Phone number: - What are the mechanisms in place to disseminate educational materials to the residents of the jurisdiction?(for example: libraries, city/agency website,newsletters,community service centers, senior center,city hall,utility billing inserts) - Do the residents of your jurisdiction know where and how to report dead bird sightings? Public Health—Seattle&King County-Environmental Health Division(206)205-4394 or web-based reporting at www.metrokc.gov/health/westnile - Do the residents of your jurisdiction know whom to ask environmental health aspects; dead bird and mosquito complaints;WNV prevention and general West Nile virus questions? All questions go to Public Health—Seattle&King County,Environmental Health Division(206) 205-4394. - For human health questions contact Public Health—Seattle&King County,Communicable Disease- Epidemiology, (206)296-4774. Surveillance: Staff person coordinating surveillance: Phone: - Is there a map of potential mosquito habitat for properties owned by the jurisdiction? Potential mosquito habitat includes stormwater ponds,catchbasins,swamps,parks,and other structures,etc. - Are staff routinely surveying possible mosquito habitat areas or mosquito problem areas for mosquito larvae or adult mosquitoes? - Is there a plan to include residential developments in mosquito surveillance? - Do you know how to obtain mosquito surveillance equipment and mosquito surveillance training? Contact David Christensen,WNV Coordinator,Public Health—Seattle&King County, Environmental Health Division,(206)296-3998. Template for West Nile Virus Response Plan Page 2 of 2 Control: - Person coordinating mosquito control activities: Phone: - Are there staff in place to field mosquito inquiries from residents of your jurisdiction? - Does the jurisdiction have a NPDES permit(Aquatic Mosquito Control National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System(NPDES)Waste Discharge General Permit)? A NPDES permit is needed to do any mosquito control work over a body of water,and mosquito larvae are found in aquatic environments. For information and on-line application procedure,see the WA Dept. of Health web site at http://www.doh.wa.gov/ehp/ts/Zoo/WNV/Permit.htm] - Do appropriate city staff have Pest Control Operator(PCO)licenses in the event larviciding is necessary? Or is there a plan to contract out mosquito control and surveillance activities? Information about PCO training and licensing is available from Washington State University's Pesticide Education Program at http://pep.wsu.edu/Education/pit/pitscwe.html - Are there staff in place who do mechanical methods of mosquito control(examples: cleaning roof gutters,reducing standing water on properties owned or maintained by the jurisdiction,screens on windows)(this is for public or city owned properties only). - Designated staff to do mosquito control work in your jurisdiction if necessary? Contacts: Phone number: Phone number: Phone number: Phone number: Questions and Answers About West Nile Virus - CDC Division of Vector-Borne InfectiouPage 1 of 2 !CDC Home 1114=11711 tAMt.HTH -PCOPILL- '-West _st Nile l DI . I ;III General West Nile Virus Home > FAQ-Index > Overview of West Nile Virus Information ► Index of Questions and Answers Questions &Answers Updated 08/29/02 Hot Questions: ► Prevent Infection ► Use Repellent Safely ►'lease use the menu below to jump to a topic: ► Who's at Risk ►Symptoms West Nile Virus Topics: ;: ►Case Count Professional Overview of West Nile Virus Information Q: What are West Nile virus,West Nile fever, and West Nile 1 Statisticst_Surveillance encephalitis? 1 Clinical-Guidance A."West Nile Virus is a flavivirus commonly found in Africa, West Asia, and ► Laboratory Guidance the Middle East. It is closely related to St. Louis encephalitis virus found in 1 Background the United States. The virus can infect humans, birds, mosquitoes, horses 1 Ecolo viroioav and some other mammals. ► Education/Trainino "West Nile fever is a case of mild disease in people, characterized by flu-like Other symptoms. West Nile fever typically lasts only a few days and does not ► Press Resources appear to cause any long-term health effects. ► Publications ►Conferences More severe disease due to a person being infected with this virus can be ► Links: "West Nile encephalitis,"West Nile meningitis or West Nile ►State and Local meningoencephalitis." Encephalitis refers to an inflammation of the brain, Government Sites meningitis is an inflammation of the membrane around the brain and the ►Other Related Sites spinal cord, and meningoencephalitis refers to inflammation of the brain and Guidelines for the membrane surrounding it. Surveillance, Prevention, and Q.Where did West Nile virus come from? Control A.West Nile virus has been commonly found in humans and birds and other PDF C286 0,111 vertebrates in Africa, Eastern Europe, West Asia, and the Middle East, but pa es until 1999 had not previously been documented in the Western Hemisphere. Esta It is not known from where the U.S. virus originated, but it is most closely gina en Espanol related genetically to strains found in the Middle East. Q. Historically,where has West Nile Tl* oftlo Public Inquiries encephalitis occurred worldwide? oftrr you; English: A. See the map describing distribution (888) 246-2675 of flaviviruses, Including West Nile Espanol: virus: (888) 246-2857 TTv: Q. How long has West Nile virus ` (866) 874-2646 been in the U.S.? Mon-Fri 8am-11pm EST g A. It is not known how Ion it has been ., Sat-Sun 10am-8pm EST in the U.S., but CDC scientists believe . the virus has probably been in the eastern U.S. since the early summer of 1999, possibly longer. b Akm«" !*a44* Q. I understand West Nile virus was 0w4 CDC found in "overwintering" 17W mosquitoes in the New York City View enlarged image. area in early 2000.What does this — http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dvbid/westnile/qa/overview.htm 3/7/03 A.: Questions and Answers About West Nile Virus - CDC Division of Vector-Borne InfectiouPage 2 of 2 mean? A. One of the species of mosquitos found to carry West Nile virus is the Culex species which survive through the winter, or"overwinter," in the adult stage. That the virus survived along with the mosquitoes was documented by the widespread transmission the summer of 2000. Q. Is West Nile virus now established in the Western Hemisphere? A. The continued expansion of West Nile virus in the United States indicates that it is permanently established in the Western Hemisphere. Q. Is the disease seasonal in its occurrence? A. In the temperate zone of the world (i.e., between latitudes 23.50 and 66.50 north and south), West Nile encephalitis cases occur primarily in the late summer or early fall. In the southern climates where temperatures are milder, West Nile virus can be transmitted year round. Return to top of page I CDC Horne I Search I Health Topics A-Z I This page last reviewed August 29, 2002 1 Division of Vector-Borne Infectious Diseases 1 I National Center for Infectious Diseases I 1 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 1 P.O. Box 2087 Fort Collins, Colorado 80522 1 CDC_Priv_ack-Po_licy I Accessibility_I http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dvbid/westnile/ga/overview.htm 3/7/03 .,.: Questions and Answers About West Nile Virus - CDC Division of Vector-Borne InfectiouPage 1 of 4 HEMMP-0i,ision of Diseases West Nile Virus r w i, ♦ - West Nile Virus Home General West Nile Virus Home > FAQ Index > Transmission Information ► Index of Questions and Answers Questions &_A_nswers Updated 12/23/02 Hot Questions: ► Prevent Infection ► Use Repellent S_af"I Please use the menu below to jump to a topic: ►Who's at Risk 1 Symptoms West Nile Virus Topics:� ► Case Count Professional Transmission Updated Information Q. How do people get infected with West Nile virus (WNV)? ►Statistics Surveillance A.The principle route of human infection with West Nile virus is through the ►Clinical Guidance bite of an infected mosquito. Mosquitoes become infected when they feed ► Laboratory Guidance on infected birds, which may circulate the virus in their blood for a few days. ► Background The virus eventually finds its way into the mosquito's salivary glands. During ► EcologyLVircdogy subsequent blood meals, the virus may be injected into humans and ►Education/Training animals, where it can multiply and possibly cause illness. Additional routes of infection have become apparent during the 2002 West Other Nile epidemic. It is important to note that these other methods of ► Press Resources transmission represent a very small proportion of cases. A recent ► Publications investigation has confirmed WNV transmission through transplanted organs. ► Conferences Investigations of other patients who developed WNV infection within several ► Links: weeks of receiving blood products or organs are ongoing to determine ►State and-Local whether WNV was transmitted by transfusion or transplantation in any of Government Sites these cases. ►Other Related Sites There is one reported case of transplacental (mother-to-child)WNV Guidelines for transmission. This case is detailed in MMWR Dec.20, 2002. Although Surveillance, transmission of WNV and similar viruses to laboratory workers is not a new Prevention, and phenomenon, two recent cases of WNV infection of laboratory workers have Control been reported. These cases are detailed in MMWR_ Dec 20, 2002. PDF 286 KB 111 a es Q.What is the basic Esta pagina en Espanol transmission cycle of West Nile Virus Transmission cycle West Nile virus? wost A. Mosquitoes become infected when they feed on g infected birds, which may Public Inquiries circulate the virus in their English: (888) 246-2675 R z „ blood for a few days. Ann Infected mosquitoes can Espanol: then transmit West Nile (888) 246-2857 TTY: virus to humans and (866) 874-2646 animals while biting to take blood. The virus is located in Mon-Fri 8am-11pm EST the mosquito's salivary Sat-Sun 10am-8pm EST glands. During blood feeding, the virus may be View enlar ed image. injected into the animal or ___� g • human, where it may multiply, possibly causing illness. Q. If I live in an area where birds or mosquitoes with West Nile virus have been reported and a mosquito bites me, am I likely to get sick? A. No. Even in areas where the virus is circulating, very few mosquitoes are infected with the virus. Even if the mosquito is infected, less than 1% of http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dvbid/westnile/ga/transmission.htm 3/7/03 Questions and Answers About West Nile Virus - CDC Division of Vector-Borne InfectiouPage 2 of 4 people who get bitten and become infected will get severely ill. The chances you will become severely ill from any one mosquito bite are extremely small. Q. Can you get West Nile encephalitis from another person? A. No. West Nile encephalitis is NOT transmitted from person-to-person. For example, you cannot get West Nile virus from touching or kissing a person who has the disease, or from a health care worker who has treated someone with the disease. Q. Is a woman's pregnancy at risk if she gets infected with West Nile virus? A. There is one documented case of transplacental (mother-to-child) transmission of WNV in humans. Although the newborn in this case was infected with WNV at birth and had severe medical problems, it is unknown whether the WNV infection itself caused these problems or whether they were coincidental. More research will be needed to improve our understanding of the relationship- if any - between WNV infection and adverse birth outcomes. Nevertheless, pregnant women should take precautions to reduce their risk for WNV and other arboviral infections by avoiding mosquitoes, using protective clothing and repellents containing DEET (See Using Repellents Safely)When WNV transmission is occurring in an area, pregnant women who become ill should see their health care provider. Those whose illness is consistent with acute WNV infection (see Symptoms) should undergo appropriate diagnostic testing. For more details regarding the case described above, please see: MMWR Dec 20 2002. Q. Can West Nile virus be transmitted through blood transfusions? A. Please refer to Blood Transfusions and Transmission: Questions and Answers. - Q.Are laboratory workers in contact with WNV-positive specimens at risk for WNV infection? A. Yes, and approximately 20 laboratory-acquired WNV infections have been reported in the medical literature over many decades. In the two most recently reported cases, WNV infection of two microbiologists working with WNV-positive samples resulted from percutaneous inoculation (pierced through the skin). Both persons had mild, self-limited illnesses. As more laboratories are have recently become involved in WNV diagnostic and reference activities, the risk for laboratory acquired WNV infections has probably increased. Laboratory workers handling materials that are potentially infected with WNV should use every precaution to minimize their risk for exposure. For more details, please see: MMWR, Dec 20, 2002. Q. Besides mosquitoes, can you get West Nile virus directly from other insects or ticks? A. Infected mosquitoes are the primary source for West Nile virus. Although ticks infected with West Nile virus have been found in Asia and Africa, their role in the transmission and maintenance of the virus is uncertain. However, there is no information to suggest that ticks played any role in the cases identified in the United States. Q. How many types of animals have been found to be infected with West Nile virus? A. Although the vast majority of infections have been identified in birds, WN virus has been shown to infect horses, cats, bats, chipmunks, skunks, squirrels, and domestic rabbits. Q. Can you get West Nile virus directly from birds? A. There is no evidence that a person can get the virus from handling live or dead infected birds. However, persons should avoid bare-handed contact http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dvbid/westnile/qa/transmission.htm 3/7/03 ...: Questions and Answers About West Nile Virus - CDC Division of Vector-Borne InfectiouPage 3 of 4 when handling any dead animals and use gloves or double plastic bags to place the carcass in a garbage can. Q. Can you get infected with West Nile virus by caring for an infected horse? A.West Nile virus is transmitted by infectious mosquitoes. There is no documented evidence of person-to-person or animal-to-person transmission of West Nile virus. Normal veterinary infection control precautions should be followed when caring for a horse suspected to have this or any viral infection. Q. Can you get WNV from eating game birds or animals that have been infected? A. There is no evidence that WNV virus can be transmitted to humans through consuming infected birds or animals. In keeping with overall public health practice, and due to the risk of known food-borne pathogens, people should always follow procedures for fully cooking meat from either birds or mammals. Q. How does West Nile virus actually cause severe illness and death in humans? A. Following transmission by an infected mosquito, West Nile virus multiplies in the person's blood system and crosses the blood-brain barrier to reach the brain. The virus interferes with normal central nervous system functioning and causes inflammation of brain tissue. Q. How long does the West Nile virus remain in a person's body after they are infected? A. There is no scientific evidence indicating that people can be chronically infected with West Nile virus. What remain in a person's body for long periods of time are antibodies and "memory"white blood cells (T- lymphocytes) that the body produces to the virus. These antibodies and T- lymphocytes last for years, and may last for the rest of a person's life. Antibodies are what many diagnostic tests look for when clinical laboratories testing is performed. Both antibodies and "memory" T-lymphocytes provide future protection from the virus. Q. If a person contracts West Nile virus, does that person develop a natural immunity to future infection by the virus? A. It is assumed that immunity will be lifelong; however, it may wane in later years. See Also — • West Nile Virus and Dogs and Cats • West Nile Virus and Horses • West Nile Virus and Birds • West Nile Virus and Wild Game Hunters Return to top of page I CDC Home I Search I Health Topics A-Z I This page last reviewed December 23, 2002 1 Division of Vector-Borne Infectious Diseases I I National Center for Infectious Diseases I I Centers for Disease Control and Prevention I P.O. Box 2087 Fort Collins, Colorado 80522 1 CDC Privacy Policy I Accessibility I http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dvbid/westnile/qa/transmission.htm 3/7/03 Questions and Answers About West Nile Virus - CDC Division of Vector-Borne InfectiouPage 1 of 3 ICDC Home EVector-BorneDiseases "FVAH r YMM E West Nfle Virus West Nile Virus Home General West Nile Virus Home > FAQ_ndex > Prevention Tell Mos_ uitoes Information to Buzz Off! ► Index of Questions and Answers Get the buzz on uestion-s &Answers Updated 08/29/02 preventing West Hot Questions: Nile virus in ► Prevent Infection new PSA ► Use Repellent Safely ►Who's at Risk Please use the menu below to jump to a topic: ►S'mptoms ► Case Count West Nile Virus Topics: Professional Information ► Statistics Surveillance ► Clinical Guidance ► Laboratory Guidance ► Background Prevention ► Ecology/Virology ► Education/Training Q.What can I do to reduce my risk of becoming infected with West Nile virus? Other A. Here are preventive measures that you and your family can take: ►Press Resources ► Publications ► Conferences Protect yourself from mosquito bites: ► Links: ►State and Local • Apply insect repellent sparingly to exposed skin. The more DEET a Government-Sites repellent contains the longer time it can protect you from mosquito ►Other Related Sites bites. A higher percentage of DEET in a repellent does not mean that Guidelines for your protection is better just that it will last longer. DEET Surveillance, concentrations higher than 50% do not increase the length of Prevention, and protection. Choose a repellent that provides protection for the amount Control of time that you will be outdoors. PDF (286 KB 111 o Repellents may irritate the eyes and mouth, so avoid applying a es repellent to the hands of children. Esta_Pagina en Espanol o Whenever you use an insecticide or insect repellent, be sure to read and follow the manufacturer's DIRECTIONS FOR USE, as printed on the product. o For detailed information about using repellents,see the Public Inquiries English: Insect Repellent Use and Safety questions. ----- (888) 246-2675 • Spray clothing with repellents containing permethrin or DEET since Espanol: mosquitoes may bite through thin clothing. Do not apply repellents (888) 246-2857 containing permethrin directly to exposed skin. If you spray your TTY: clothing, there is no need to spray repellent containing DEET on the (866) 874-2646 skin under your clothing. Mon-Fri 8am-11pm EST • When possible, wear long-sleeved shirts and long pants whenever Sat-Sun 10am-8pm EST you are outdoors. • Place mosquito netting over infant carriers when you are outdoors with infants. • Consider staying indoors at dawn, dusk, and in the early evening, which are peak mosquito biting times. • Install or repair window and door screens so that mosquitoes cannot get indoors. http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dvbid/westnile/ga/prevention.htm 3/7/03 :..: Questions and Answers About West Nile Virus - CDC Division of Vector-Borne InfectiouPage 2 of 3 Help reduce the number of mosquitoes in areas outdoors where you work or play, by draining sources of standing water. In this way, you reduce the number of places mosquitoes can lay their eggs and breed. • At least once or twice a week, empty water from flower pots, pet food and water dishes, birdbaths, swimming pool covers, buckets, barrels, and cans. • Check for clogged rain gutters and clean them out. • Remove discarded tires, and other items that could collect water. • Be sure to check for containers or trash in places that may be hard to see, such as under bushes or under your home. Note: Vitamin B and "ultrasonic" devices are NOT effective in preventing mosquito bites. New! Kids can learn how to protect themselves from mosquito bites on "The Buzz-z-z-z_on West Nile Virus"(on BAM!, the CDC site for kids). Q.What can be done to prevent outbreaks of West Nile virus? A. Prevention and control of West Nile virus and other arboviral diseases is most effectively accomplished through integrated vector management programs. These programs should include surveillance for West Nile virus activity in mosquito vectors, birds, horses, other animals, and humans, and implementation of appropriate mosquito control measures to reduce mosquito populations when necessary. Additionally, when virus activity is detected in an area, residents should be alerted and advised to increase measures to reduce contact with mosquitoes. Details about effective prevention and control of West Nile virus can be found in CDC's Guidelines for Surveillance, Prevention, and Control .(286 KB, 111 pages). Q. Is there a vaccine against West Nile encephalitis? A. No, but several companies are working towards developing a vaccine. Q.Where can I get information about the use of pesticide sprays that are being used for mosquito control? A. The federal agency responsible for pesticide evaluation is the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). See the EPA Web site*for detailed answers to the questions about pesticides used for mosquito control. Return to too of page Some documents are available here in Adobe Acrobat Reader format (PDF). To view or print them, you must have Adobe Acrobat Reader (version 3.0 or higher) installed on your computer. If you do not have the reader, you can obtain it free from Adobe Corporation. Click on the icon below to download the program from their Web site. *Note: These sites are not CDC sites and will be opened in a new browser window. CDC is not responsible for the content of Web pages found at these links. Links to nonfederal organizations are provided solely as a service to our users. These links do not indicate an endorsement of these organizations by CDC or the federal government. I CDC Home I Search I Health Topics A-Z I http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dvbid/westnile/ga/prevention.htm 3/7/03 Questions and Answers About West Nile Virus - CDC Division of Vector-Borne InfectiouPage 1 of 2 k k kivision of Vector-Borne,Infectious Diseases West Nile Virus k s . WestI I Virus Home .1 III General West Nile Virus Home > FA_ Index > Testing and Treating West Nile Encephalitis in Information Humans ►Index of Questions &Answers_ Questions and Answers Hot Questions: Updated 08/29/02 ► Prevent Infection ►Use Repellent Safely Please use the menu below to jump to a topic: ►Who's at Risk ►Symptoms Aak West Nile Virus Topics: ' + Y ► Case Count - —­ -- Professional Testing and Treating West Nile Encephalitis in Humans Information Updated ► Statistics Surveillance ► Clinical Guidance Q. I think I have symptoms of West Nile virus.What should I do? ► Laboratory Guidance A. Contact your health care provider if you have concerns about your ► Background health. If you or your family members develop symptoms such as high fever, ► Ecology/Virology confusion, muscle weakness, and severe headaches, you should see your ► Education/Training doctor immediately. Other Q. How do health care providers test for West Nile virus? ► Press Resources A.Your physician will first take a medical history to assess your risk for West Nile virus. People who live in or traveled to areas where West Nile ► Publications virus activity has been identified are at risk of getting West Nile encephalitis; ►Conferences persons older than 50 years of age have the highest risk of severe disease. ► Links: If you are determined to be at high risk and have symptoms of West Nile ►State and Local encephalitis, your provider will draw a blood sample and send it to a Government Sites commercial or public health laboratory for confirmation. ►Other Related Sites Guidelines for Q. How is West Nile encephalitis treated? Surveillance, A.There is no specific treatment for West Nile virus infection. In more Prevention, and severe cases, intensive supportive therapy is indicated, often involving ALI. of hospitalization, intravenous fluids, airway management, respiratory support P D F 286 KB 111 (ventilator), prevention of secondary infections (pneumonia, urinary tract, pages) etc.), and good nursing care. Esta p6gina en Espanol 19 Return totop__o�age Public Inquiries English: (888) 246-2675 Espanol: (888) 246-2857 TTY: (866) 874-2646 Mon-Fri 8am-11pm EST Sat-Sun 10am-8pm EST I _CDC Home I Search I Health Topics A-Z I This page last reviewed August 29, 2002 http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dvbid/westnile/ga/testing_treating.htm 3/7/03 Questions and Answers About West Nile Virus - CDC Division of Vector-Borne InfectiouPage 1 of 2 P g f Diseases West Nile Virus ��ZWest Nile Virus ll Home � ►II i II General West Nile-Virus Home > FAQ Index > Symptoms of West Nile Virus Information ►Index of Questions and Answers Questions &_Answers Updated 08/29/02 Hot Questions: ► Prevent Infection ► Use Repellent Safely Please use the menu below to jump to a topic: ►Who's at Risk West Nile Virus Topics , ► symptoms . ►Case Count Professional Symptoms of West Nile Virus Updated Information Q.What are the symptoms of West Nile virus infection? ► Statistics Surveillance. A. Most people who are infected with the West Nile virus will not have any ►Clinical Guidance type of illness. It is estimated that 20% of the people who become infected ►Laboratory-Guidance will develop West Nile fever: mild symptoms, including fever, headache, and ► Background body aches, occasionally with a skin rash on the trunk of the body and ►Ecoloav/virology. swollen lymph glands. ►Education/Training The symptoms of severe infection (West Nile encephalitis or meningitis) Other include headache, high fever, neck stiffness, stupor, disorientation, coma, ► Press Resources tremors, convulsions, muscle weakness, and paralysis. It is estimated that 1 ► Publications in 150 persons infected with the West Nile virus will develop a more severe ►Conferences form of disease. ► Links: ►State and Local Q.What is the incubation period in humans (i.e., time from infection to Government Sites onset of disease symptoms)for West Nile encephalitis? ►other Related Sites A. Usually 3 to 14 days. Guidelines for Surveillance, Q. How long do symptoms last? Prevention, and A. Symptoms of mild disease will generally last a few days. Symptoms of Control severe disease may last several weeks, although neurological effects may -— 28._KB,_111 be permanent. pa_gesI Estan pa in_a en Espanol 19 Return to top of page Public Inquiries English: (888) 246-2675 Espanol: (888) 246-2857 TTY: (866) 874-2646 Mon-Fri 8am-11pm EST Sat-Sun 10am-8pm EST I CDC Home I Search I Health Topics A-Z I This page last reviewed August 29, 2002 http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dvbid/westnile/qa/symptoms.htm 3/7/03 :..: Questions and Answers About West Nile Virus - CDC Division of Vector-Borne InfectiouPage 1 of 5 West Nile Virus West Nile Virus Home General _West Nile Virus Home > FAO Index > Insect Repellent Use and Safety Information ►Index of Questions and Answers Questions_&Answers Updated 10/04/02 Hot Questions: ► Prevent Infection ►Use Repellent Safely Please use the menu below to jump to a topic: ►Who's at Risk West Nile Virus Topics: a ►symptoms mm ►Case Count Professional Insect Repellent Use and Safety Information Insect Repellent Use ►Statistics/ Surveillance ►Clinical Guidance ►Laboratory Guidance Q.Why should I use insect repellent? ► Background A. Insect repellents help people reduce their exposure to mosquito bites that ► Ecology/virology may carry potentially serious viruses such as West Nile virus, and allow ► Education/Training them to continue to play and work outdoors. Other Q.When should I use mosquito repellent? A.Apply repellent when you are going to be outdoors and will be at risk for ► Press _Resources getting bitten by mosquitoes. ► Publications ► Conferences Q.What time of day should I wear mosquito repellent? ► Links: A. Many of the mosquitoes that carry the West Nile virus are especially ►State and Local likely to bite around dusk and dawn. If you are outdoors around these times Government Sites of the day, it is important to apply repellent. In many parts of the country, ►Other Related Sites there are mosquitoes that also bite during the day, and these mosquitoes Guidelines for have also been found to carry the West Nile virus. The safest decision is to Surveillance, apply repellent whenever you are outdoors. Prevention, and Control Q. How often should repellent be reapplied? PDF 286 KB, 111 A. Follow the directions on the product you are using in order to determine pages how frequently you need to reapply repellent. Sweating, perspiration or Esta—pagina en Espanol getting wet may mean that you need to re-apply repellent more frequently. If you are not being bitten, it is not necessary to re-apply repellent. Repellents containing a higher concentration of active ingredient(such as DEFT) provide longer-lasting protection. Public Inquiries English: Q. Should I wear repellent while I am indoors? (888) 246-2675 A. Probably not. If mosquitoes are biting you while you are indoors, there Espanol: are probably better ways to prevent these bites instead of wearing repellent (888) 246-2857 all the time. Check window and door screens for holes that may be allowing (866) 874-2646 q mos uitoes inside. If your house or apartment does not have screens, a quick solution may be to staple or tack screening (available from a hardware Mon-Fri 8am-11pm EST store) across the windows. In some areas community programs can help Sat-Sun 10am-8pm EST older citizens or others who need assistance. Q. How does mosquito repellent work? A. Female mosquitoes bite people and animals because they need the protein found in blood to help develop their eggs. Mosquitoes are attracted to people by skin odors and carbon dioxide from breath. Many repellents contain a chemical, N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET), which repels the mosquito, making the person unattractive for feeding. DEET does not kill mosquitoes; it just makes them unable to locate us. Repellents are effective http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dvbid/westnile/ga/insect_repellent.htm 3/7/03 ...: Questions and Answers About West Nile Virus - CDC Division of Vector-Borne InfectiouPage 2 of 5 only at short distances from the treated surface, so you may still see mosquitoes flying nearby. As long as you are not getting bitten, there is no reason to apply more DEET. Q.Which mosquito repellent works the best? A. The most effective repellents contain DEET(N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide), which is an ingredient used to repel pests like mosquitoes and ticks. DEET has been tested against a variety of biting insects and has been shown to be very effective. The more DEET a repellent contains the longer time it can protect you from mosquito bites. A higher percentage of DEET in a repellent does not mean that your protection is better just that it will last longer. DEET concentrations higher than 50% do not increase the length of protection. Q. How does the percentage of DEET in a product relate to the amount of protection it gives? A. Based on a recent study: • A product containing 23.8% DEET provided an average of 5 hours of protection from mosquito bites. • A product containing 20% DEET provided almost 4 hours of protection • A product with 6.65% DEET provided almost 2 hours of protection • Products with 4.75% DEET and 2% soybean oil were both able to provide roughly 1 and a half hour of protection. Choose a repellent that provides protection for the amount of time that you will be outdoors. A higher percentage of DEET should be used if you will be outdoors for several hours while a lower percentage of DEET can be used if time outdoors will be limited. You can also re-apply a product if you are outdoors for a longer time than expected and start to be bitten by mosquitoes. (For more information, see Table 1: Fradin and Day, 2002. See Publications page.) Q.Why does CDC recommend using DEET? A. DEET is the most effective and best-studied insect repellent available. (Fradin, 1998). Studies using humans and mosquitoes report that only products containing DEET offer long-lasting protection after a single application.(Fradin and Day, 2002. See Publications page.) Q.Are non-DEET repellents effective (e.g. Skin-So-Soft, plant-based repellents)? A. Some non-DEET repellent products which are intended to be applied directly to skin also provide some protection from mosquito bites. However, studies have suggested that other products do not offer the same level of protection, or that protection does not last as long as products containing DEET. A soybean-oil-based product has been shown to provide protection for a period of time similar to a product with a low concentration of DEET (4.75%) (Fradin and Day, 2002. See Publications page.). People should choose a repellent that they will be likely to use consistently and that will provide sufficient protection for the amount of time that they will be spending outdoors. Product labels often indicate the length of time that protection that can be expected from a product. Persons who are concerned about using DEET may wish to consult their health care provider for advice. The National Pesticide Information Center(NPIC) can also provide information through a toll-free number, 1-800-858-7378 or http://n_pic.orst.edu/ k. Q. I'm confused. None of the products in the store says "DEET". A. Most insect repellents that are available in stores are labeled with the chemical name for DEET. Look for N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide or, sometimes, N,N-diethyy-3-methylbenamide. Choose a repellent that offers appropriate protection for the amount of time you will be outdoors. A higher percentage http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dvbid/westnile/ga/insect_repellent.htm 3/7/03 ....: Questions and Answers About West Nile Virus - CDC Division of Vector-Borne InfectiouPage 3 of 5 of DEET should be used if you will be outdoors for several hours while a lower percentage of DEET can be used if time outdoors will be limited. Using Repellents Safely Q. Is DEET safe? A.Yes, products containing DEET are very safe when used according to the directions. Because DEET is so widely used, a great deal of testing has been done. When manufacturers seek registration with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)for products such as DEET, laboratory testing regarding both short-term and long-term health effects must be carried out. Over the long history of DEET use, very few confirmed incidents of toxic reactions to DEET have occurred when the product is used properly. (From the National Pesticide Information Center[NPIC], EPA re-registration eligibility decision. See http://npic.orst.edu/factsheets/DEETgen.pdf Q.What are some general considerations to remember in order to use products containing DEET safely? A.Always follow the recommendations appearing on the product label. • Use enough repellent to cover exposed skin or clothing. Don't apply repellent to skin that is under clothing. Heavy application is not necessary to achieve protection. • Do not apply repellent to cuts, wounds, or irritated skin. • After returning indoors, wash treated skin with soap and water. • Do not spray aerosol or pump products in enclosed areas. • Do not apply aerosol or pump products directly to your face. Spray your hands and then rub them carefully over the face, avoiding eyes and mouth. Q. How should products containing DEET be used on children? A. No definitive studies exist in the scientific literature about what concentration of DEET is safe for children. No serious illness has arisen from use of DEET when used according the manufacturer's recommendations. The American Academy of Pediatrics has recommended that a cautious approach is to use products with a low concentration of DEET, 10% or less, on children aged 2 - 12. Most guidelines cite that it is acceptable to use repellents containing DEET on children over 2 years of age. Other experts suggest that it is acceptable to apply repellent with low concentrations of DEET to infants over 2 months old. Repellent products that do not contain DEET are not likely to offer the same degree of protection from mosquito bites as products containing DEET. Non-DEET repellents have not necessarily been as thoroughly studied as DEET, and may not be safer for use on children. Parents should choose the type and concentration of repellent to be used by taking into account the amount of time that a child will be outdoors, exposure to mosquitoes, and the risk of mosquito-transmitted disease in the area. Persons who are concerned about using DEET or other products on children may wish to consult their health care provider for advice. The National Pesticide Information Center(NPIC) can also provide information through a toll-free number, 1-800-858-7378 or http://npic.orst.ed_u*. Always follow the recommendations appearing on the product label when using repellent. • When using repellent on a child, apply it to your own hands and then rub them on your child. Avoid children's eyes and mouth and use it sparingly around their ears. • Do not apply repellent to children's hands. (Children tend to put their http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dvbid/westnile/ga/insect_repellent.htm 3/7/03 Questions and Answers About West Nile Virus - CDC Division of Vector-Borne InfectiouPage 4 of 5 hands in their mouths.) • Do not allow young children to apply insect repellent to themselves; have an adult do it for them. Keep repellents out of reach of children. • Do not apply repellent to skin under clothing. If repellent is applied to clothing, wash treated clothing before wearing again. Using repellents on the skin is not the only way to avoid mosquito bites. Children and adults can wear clothing with long pants and long sleeves while outdoors. DEET or other repellents such as permethrin can also be applied to clothing (don't use permethrin on skin), as mosquitoes may bite through thin fabric. Mosquito netting can be used over infant carriers. Finally, it may be possible to reduce the number of mosquitoes in the area by getting rid of containers with standing water that provide breeding places for the mosquitoes. Q. Is DEET safe for pregnant or nursing women? A. There are no reported adverse events following use of repellents containing DEET in pregnant or breastfeeding women. Q.Are there any risks due to using repellents containing DEET? A. Use of these products may cause skin reactions in rare cases. If you suspect a reaction to this product, discontinue use, wash the treated skin, and call your local poison control center. There is a new national number to reach a Poison Control Center near you: 1-800-222-1222. If you go to a doctor, take the product with you. Cases of serious reactions to products containing DEET have been related to misuse of the product, such as swallowing, using over broken skin, and using for multiple days without washing skin in between use, for example. Always follow the instructions on the product label. Repellents and Schools Q. Should parents spray insect repellent on their children before they go to school? A.Whether children spend time outside during the school day should determine the need for applying repellent. Because most schools in the United States have air conditioning, children's exposure to mosquitoes during the school day is not likely to be high. If children will be spending time outdoors (for example, in recreational activities, walking to and from school), parents may wish to apply repellent. Mosquito repellent containing DEET is the most effective in providing long-lasting protection from mosquito bites. Q. Should children be given repellent to use during the day? A. The age and maturity of the child should be taken into account before giving repellent to children for their own use. As with many other chemicals, care should be taken that DEET is not misused or swallowed. Parents should find out if a child will be outside during the school day, and should discuss proper use of the product with their children. Parents should also consult local officials to obtain policies and procedures specific to bringing repellent to school. More information Q.Where can I get more information about repellents? A. For more information about using repellents safely please consult the EPA Web site: http://www.epa._gov/pesticides/citizens/insectrp,htm*or consult the National Pesticide Information Center(NPIC), which is cooperatively sponsored by Oregon State University and the U.S. EPA. NPIC can be reached at: http-.//nr)ic.orst.edu/see or 1-800-858-7378. 19 Return to_top of page http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dvbid/westnile/ga/insect_repellent.htm 3/7/03 CITY OF RENTON PLANNING/BUILDING/PUBLIC WORKS MEMORANDUM DATE: August 20,2003 TO: Mike Stenhouse,Maintenance Services Director FROM: Allen Quynn SUBJECT: West Nile Virus esponse Lys Hornsby has requested that I send you a copy of some standard responses to commonly asked questions concerning West Nile Virus. It would be good to have these responses available to your staff in the event they are asked West Nile Virus related questions from the public while working in the office/field, particularly when doing maintenance on City owned storm water detention facilities. One of the response sheets deals exclusively with questions related to storm water. ponds (King County) while the other addresses general questions related to the virus (CDC). As you probably know many people are concerned about ponds as they provide breeding habitat for mosquitoes. I've also included the King County Department of Health Hotline at the top of the King County response sheet. The intent is for City staff to become familiar with the questions and responses so they will be able to answer general questions regarding West Nile Virus and storm water facilities. If a citizen once to complain about a specific mosquito problem the staff member should refer them to the King County hotline. If a staff member is uncomfortable with answering the questions then he/she should refer the caller or concerned citizen to me at City Hall(ext. 7247). If you have any questions,please call me. Thanks. Document2kor News Release: DNRP response to West Nile virus Page 1 of 2 King minty A feral Retauk6saild P4W. 0 6 U33E i E September 16, 2002 News Release DNRP response to West Nile virus Common Question and Answers West Nile virus is in the national news and health experts expect it to arrive in this region soon. National health experts do not believe this will be a health emergency for residents of King County. However, people are rightly asking questions about how best to prepare and protect themselves from West Nile virus. The Department of Natural Resources and Parks is among the King County agencies preparing a response plan. Some citizens have asked specifically about wetlands and county stormwater ponds in relation to the West Nile virus. Here are the answers to some common questions. Why does the county have stormwater ponds? When land is developed to create homes and other improvements, the natural system of trees and dense vegetation over spongy soil is replaced with hard surfaces and lawns over compacted soil. Consequently less of the rainwater that falls is soaked up and more of it runs off at a faster rate. In addition, there are more pollutants in the rainwater runoff due to human activities such as vehicle use and lawn care. Stormwater ponds detain and slow the rate of runoff from developed areas and remove pollutants that are collected in the runoff and are commonly used throughout the United States and the rest of the world. In doing so, the ponds reduce flooding, erosion, landslides, and pollution, all of which are essential to protecting public and private property, public health and safety, and water quality. The ponds are a vital element of the County's program to meet federal and state water quality laws. Is the county going to spray for mosquitoes at stormwater ponds and in wetlands? Widespread chemical controls are not the answer. We are actively researching control options, and are in the process of developing management guidelines for mosquitoes that take advantage of the insects' life cycle and vulnerable stages. The use of pesticides can affect the environment and, ultimately, human health. Why not drain wetlands near homes? Healthy wetlands provide minimal habitat for mosquitoes in that water conditions, water quality, and natural predators deter mosquito use and minimize larval success if egg laying occurs. Predators including other aquatic insects, amphibians, bats and birds heavily feed on any mosquitoes present. Wetlands are http://dnr.metroke.gov/dnradmin/press/2002/0916wnv.htm 4/15/03 Mews Release: DNRP response to West Nile virus Page 2 of 2 a critical element in a healthy ecosystem that benefits people, water quality and wildlife. Wetlands clean and slowly release rainwater and provide flood protection and wildlife habitat. Many wetlands recharge groundwater critical for local drinking water supplies and prevent streams from drying up during the summer. Seventy-percent of Lake Washington wetlands and 99 percent of Duwamish River wetlands have been destroyed by human activities. We will not eliminate mosquitoes by draining wetlands. We could actually increase the mosquito population if their natural predators are destroyed by draining a wetland. Many mosquito species need only a small puddle or depression to breed. Why can't we put goldfish or other fish in ponds, wetlands and creeks with standing water to kill the mosquito larvae? Natural wetlands and creeks do have native fish, amphibians (i.e. frogs, toads, newts and salamanders) and other aquatic invertebrates that are voracious predators of mosquitoes and their larvae. Moreover, it is illegal to deliberately introduce a non-native species into local waters without a permit from the Washington State Department of Fish and Wildlife. Non-native species often create additional problems. They can proliferate forcing out native, beneficial species of fish and other wildlife and often they carry exotic diseases that kill and harm native species. Many ponds and wetlands dry out during the summer and any fish introduced would not survive. I live near a greenbelt or a wetland and worry about my family's personal safety. We will never be able to eliminate all habitats for mosquitoes and not all mosquitoes are carriers of the virus. Greenbelts provide numerous health and quality of life benefits. They clean pollution from air and water and reduce flooding and erosion. Local and federal health experts recommend the best personal protection is to eliminate places where water can stagnate in containers such as buckets, flowerpots and tires. Change water regularly in birdbaths, clean clogged rain gutters, and put mosquito screens on rain barrels. For more information on West Nile virus, visit Public Health - Seattle & King County's West Nile Web page at http://www.metrokc.gov/health/westnile. The Web page will be kept up-to-date as new information becomes available. Related Information Wetland Topics Stormwater Retention/Detention Facilities News Releases Public Health Seattle and King County King County I Natural Resources and Parks I News I Services I Comments I Search Links to external sites do not constitute endorsements by King County. By visiting this and other King County web pages, you expressly agree to be bound by terms and conditions of the site. The details. http://dnr.metrokc.gov/dnradmin/press/2002/0916wnv.htm 4/15/03 PLANNINGBUILDING/ • PUBLIC WORKS DEPARTMENT M E M O R A N D U M DATE: June 1, 2005 TO: Peter Renner, Facilities Director Leslie Betlach, Parks Director Mike Stenhouse, Maintenance Services Director Neil Watts, Development Services Director FROM: Lys Hornsby, Utility Systems Director(ext. 7239) GA SUBJECT: West Nile Virus Information for Staff Mosquito season is here and with it comes the potential return of the West Nile virus. The State Department of Health is anticipating that the West Nile virus will reach Washington State this year. It is important that City staff be able to answer general questions regarding the West Nile Virus and know how to protect themselves from mosquito bites. The enclosed packet contains: Basic Questions about West Nile Virus,Mosquito Control on Private Property, and Contacts and Resources for State and County Health Departments. Also included are three brochures for your Customer Service counters. City Staff, especially those who work in the field, need to know how to protect themselves from mosquito bites. Field staff should wear long pants, long sleeves, hat and socks, when working outdoors. Staff can also use mosquito repellent, specifically formulas that contain DEFT, Picaridin or Oil of Lemon Eucalyptus. If a citizen wants to report a mosquito problem, please refer them to the Public Health Department's West Nile Virus Hotline at 206-205-3883. If a staff person is unable to answer a West Nile virus question,please refer them to Allen Quynn, Surface Water Utility Engineer, at 425-430-7247. If you need additional brochures, please call Allen at x7247. If you have any questions, please call Ron Straka at x7248. Enclosures cc: Gregg Zimmerman,PBPW Administrator Ron Straka, Surface Water Utility Supervisor Allen Quynn,Surface Water Utility Engineer H:Tile Sys\SWP-Surface Water Projects\SWP-27-Surface Water Projects(CIP)\27-2000 Mosquito Abatement Program\West Nile Virus\2005 WNV\City Correspondence\Response memo.doc\AQtp i 1q;Public Health Seattle & King County HEALTHY PEOPLE. HEALTHY COMMUNITIES. Alonzo L.Plough,Ph.D.,MPH,Director and Health Officer Basic questions about West Nile virus What is West Nile virus? West Nile virus is a mosquito-borne virus first identified in the West Nile region of Africa in 1937. The virus has caused outbreaks of disease in Africa,Asia, Eastern Europe and the Middle East since then but it did not appear in the United States until 1999. After first being discovered in birds and people in the metropolitan New York area, it has since spread westward across the US and into Canada and Mexico. As of the spring of 2004, West Nile virus had not been detected in King County, but it was found in several locations in Washington State in the fall of 2002. West Nile virus can infect humans, birds, mosquitoes, horses and other animals. Birds become infected with West Nile virus and carry the virus in nature. Mosquitoes become infected after feeding on infected birds. People bitten by a mosquito carrying West Nile virus may have no symptoms at all or they may become ill with symptoms ranging from mild to severe. The less serious form is called West Nile fever, a flu-like illness that may last from a few days to several weeks. In the more severe forms, West Nile virus affects the nervous system causing swelling and inflammation of the brain or covering of the spinal cord (called neuroinvasive disease)and may result in paralysis and death. What are the human health effects of West Nile virus infection? Fortunately, most people who become infected with West Nile virus do not get sick--their body fights off the infection and protective antibodies develop. About 20% (1 person out of 5)develop West Nile fever with symptoms that may include fever, muscle aches,fatigue, headache, rash, and joint pain. Some people with West Nile fever are quite ill for up to several weeks and may see their doctor, but hospital care is not usually needed. Less than 1 percent(about 1 in every 150)of persons who become infected with West Nile virus develop the more serious neuroinvasive form of the disease. Types of neuroinvasive disease include: West Nile encephalitis,West Nile meningitis, and West Nile meningoencephalitis.Encephalitis refers to inflammation of the brain. Meningitis is inflammation of the membrane covering the brain and spinal cord. Meningoencephalitis is a combination of the two syndromes. Symptoms may include fever, neck stiffness, confusion, disorientation, coma,tremors, convulsions, muscle weakness, and paralysis. Persons who survive West Nile neuroinvasive disease may have long-term symptoms, but recovery from the milder forms of infection is usually complete. It is believed that once someone has had an infection caused by West Nile virus they develop long-term protection against being infected again. How many human cases of West Nile virus occurred last year? In 2003, there were almost 10,000 cases of West Nile virus illness reported in the US. Of these, 70% had West Nile fever and 30% had neuroinvasive disease. States with the highest number of cases included Colorado, Wyoming, North and South Dakota, and Nebraska. There were no cases of West Nile virus detected in Washington residents except for residents who had traveled to other states and acquired their infections there. Office of the Director 999 Third Avenue,Suite 1200•Seattle,WA 98104-4039 T206-296-4600 F 206-296-0166 TTY Relay.206-296-4931 City of Seattle O King County vm%v.metrokr.9ovlhealth Gregory J.Nickels,Mayor Ron Sims,Executive How many people have died of West Nile virus infection? In 2003 in the US there were 262 deaths reported due to West Nile virus disease, slightly fewer than in 2002 when 284 deaths were recorded. Most of the deaths were among older people, with the median age of persons who died being 77 years in 2003 (median age means that half the persons who died were older than 77 and half were younger). However, death has occurred in all age groups from infants to the very elderly. Are there persons who are at greater risk of developing more severe illness? Yes. The risk for more serious illness starts to increase after about age 50. . In 2003, the median age of persons who developed the more serious neuroinvasive form of the disease was 54 years and the median age of those who died was 77 years (median age means that half the individuals were older and half were younger). Children are not at greater risk than young-or middle-age adults. Pregnancy is not known to increase the risk of developing the severe'forms of West Nile virus infection, however there have been cases a small number of cases where a pregnant mother contracted West Nile virus and passed it to her unborn baby. How is West Nile Virus transmitted? West Nile virus is transmitted by the bite of a mosquito. Mosquitoes become infected when they feed on birds carrying the virus..When the mosquito takes a blood meal from the infected bird, the virus becomes located in the salivary gland of the mosquito. Then when the mosquito bites a human or animal, the mosquito injects the virus into its victim. Persons who become ill develop symptoms 3 to 14 days after infection. The West Nile virus remains in infected individuals for a relatively short time and does not cause chronic infections. West Nile virus is not transmitted directly from person-to-person except for rare cases attributed to blood transfusion or organ transplantation. It is also not transmitted from animal-to-person except in very rare instances related to occupational exposure. There is no evidence that persons can become infected from eating meat from a West Nile virus infected bird or other animal . Can I get a West Nile virus infection from a blood or organ donation? Although rare, West Nile virus has been transmitted through transfusions of whole blood or blood components such as plasma or platelets. Blood component suppliers are taking preventative measures to screen out blood donors who may have been infected with West Nile virus.A laboratory test for West Nile virus has been in use for screening blood donors since July 2003. There has been a documented instance of West Nile virus transmission by organ transplantation but the risk of this is extremely low. Are pets and domestic animals at risk of West Nile virus? Fortunately, clinical illness due to West Nile virus is rare in dogs and cats, and chickens are resistant as well. Persons with pet birds should be careful to protect them from mosquito bites. Horsesand other equines like mules and donkeys are susceptible to West Nile virus infection and severe illness and death can result.An equine West Nile virus vaccine is available and horse owners are strongly encouraged to consult with their veterinarian about immunization. Horses will also benefit from mosquito control efforts. In King County,what is Public Health doing about West Nile virus? Public Health surveillance activities are underway to monitor for the appearance of West Nile virus in birds, mosquitoes, animals, and humans. West Nile virus is usually detected in birds or horses before cases occur in humans. In addition, Public Health provides information on personal protective measures and environmental measures that can be taken to reduce the risk of mosquito-borne diseases. Care is taken to provide West Nile prevention education to non-English speaking groups within the county. Public Health also works with municipal governments and other agencies throughout King County to promote mosquito surveillance, reduction of mosquito habitat and other control measures. Health care providers and hospitals are required by law to report to Public Health suspected cases of viral encephalitis including cases suspected to be caused by West Nile virus. For more information, consult the Public Health website at www.metrokc.gov/health/westnile What is the connection between crows and West Nile virus? Crows and other corvid birds are particularly susceptible to West Nile virus, and often sicken and die from it. Therefore, in partnership with the Washington State Department of Health, Public Health is testing some dead crows to see if they have died from West Nile virus. When Public Health finds a dead crow with West Nile virus, King County will know that the virus has arrived. What do I do if I find a dead crow? Call Public Health at 206-205-4394 if you find a dead crow in King County. Information about the crow will be entered into a tracking database and mapped. In addition, the crow you find may be selected for testing for West Nile virus. When you call, you will be asked a few questions. First, is the bird freshly dead (dead less than 24 hours)? Second, where and when did you find the dead bird?We will need to know the address where the bird was found. Third, is the bird undamaged?Only undamaged birds may be tested. Not all crows need to be tested for Public Health to effectively monitor for West Nile virus. In fact,we receive many more calls reporting dead crows than the laboratory could test. If the crow you find is not appropriate for testing, or if you find a dead bird that is not a crow,you may dispose of it in your garbage can. Public Health is tracking crow deaths, so even if the bird you find will not be tested,we are still interested in the information you provide. Birds discovered on Friday and Saturday will not be tested and should be disposed of in the garbage. Using gloves or a shovel, double bag the bird in plastic bags and dispose of it in your garbage.Though dead birds will not transmit West Nile virus, you should not pick up a dead animal with your bare hands. What if the dead bird 1 find is not a crow? To help us learn more about West Nile virus, Public Health is tracking the deaths of birds other than crows,though we will not be picking these birds up for testing.The types of birds, in addition to crows, that may be affected by West Nile virus and we are interested in receiving reports on are: ravens,jays, magpies, raptors(eagles, hawks, and owls), and smaller birds including sparrows, grackles, and finches. Call 206-205-4394 if you find one of these types of birds. What is the life cycle of the mosquito? Mosquitoes like still or standing water to lay their eggs.These eggs hatch into larvae and develop into adults in as few as seven days. Some species need only a few ounces of water to lay eggs. What does a mosquito larva look like? Larvae("wigglers")are %to inch long, or smaller.They move by vigorously wiggling or flexing their bodies. They are usually dark in color and look like tiny aquatic worms. When are mosquito larvae most likely to be present? Though there are variations dependent on weather and temperature, mosquito larvae are most likely to be present in King County from March through October. What can I do to reduce the number of mosquitoes? Removing sources of standing water on your property and around your home reduces mosquito breeding habitat. Examples of things you can do include: • Tip out barrels, buckets and wheelbarrows • Tip out containers such as toys, cans or plant saucers • Empty children's wading pools when not in use • Change water in birdbaths and animal troughs at least once a week • Get rid of used tires • Clean garden ponds • Recycle old bottles, buckets and cans • Clean leaf-clogged gutters • Empty water from flower pot dishes • Dump water off of tarps and plastic sheeting • Repair leaky outdoor faucets • Cover rain barrels with mosquito screens • Help your elderly or frail neighbors or relatives with these activities. Consider holding a neighborhood clean-up day to get rid of junk that holds standing water. What can be done to avoid mosquito bites? Be aware of the times of day when mosquitoes are most likely to be biting. The prime biting periods are often at dusk and dawn. If you do go outside when mosquitoes are biting, wear long sleeve shirts and long pants. Hats are also useful. Consider wearing an insect repellent. Repellents containing the chemical N,N-diethyl-meta-toluamide (DEET) are known to be very effective. Some people are particularly sensitive to DEET and should use caution. Children under the age of two should not use insect repellents containing DEET. Older children should use products with the correct percentage of DEET for their age. It is important to read the label and follow the instructions on the label carefully. For more information on DEET, visit the CDC's insect repellent use and safety page:www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dvbid/westnile/ga/insect repellent.htm. Ensure that window and door screens are in good repair and fit tightly. What steps is King County taking to reduce the potential threat of mosquitoes? Public Health is working with county agencies, cities,the state and sister agencies nation-wide to learn about the best methods to use to control mosquitoes. King County's approach uses the principles of integrated pest management and is balanced and is protective of both humans and the environment. Public Health is working to identify the mosquito species that live in our region by collecting data on mosquitoes from a variety of habitats.These data help with effective educational and control programs. What are some of the substances that King County is using or considering to control mosquitoes? One approach being used is the application of natural larvicides, in limited and targeted areas,to control immature mosquitoes before they emerge as adults.These larvicides are usually in the form of pellets or briquettes. One larvicide used is based on a variety of Bacillus thuringiensis,which is a control technique well-known to organic gardeners. King County will not do aerial spraying to kill adult mosquitoes unless there is a public health emergency, which is unlikely. What can I do if I have a mosquito problem in my neighborhood? Reduce breeding habitat on your own property,where possible(see above). If you notice that mosquitoes are a problem, please call Public Health (206-205-4394). Public Health does not have any regulatory authority to require property owners to remove mosquito habitat(except if the habitat is in violation of solid waste laws). However,we can send educational materials that provide guidance on reducing habitat. If the habitat is on public property,we will inform and advise the appropriate property owner. Finally,we are tracking specific locations that seem to be particular mosquito problem areas. Aren't wetlands and retention ponds sources of mosquito habitat? Wetlands and other natural water features may potentially be mosquito breeding habitat under certain conditions. Fortunately, wetlands also have many natural predators that feed on mosquito larva or adult mosquitoes and this often helps keep mosquito populations down. It is undesirable to drain or fill wetlands because they play an important role in cleaning and holding storm run off-they play a critical public health role. Man-made retention and detention ponds play an important role as well. For information on King County properties such as retention/detention ponds and wetlands, visit http://dnr.metrokc.gov/dnradmin/press/2002/0916wnv.htm Resources For late breaking information, call Public Health's West Nile virus hotline: 206-205-3883. To report a dead crow or mosquito problem, call Public Health's Environmental Health team at 206-205- 4394 during normal business hours- Monday- Friday from 8:00 a.m.to 4:30 p.m. • For information from the King County Department of Natural Resources and Parks on West Nile virus, wetlands and retention/detention ponds, visit: hftp://dnr.metrokc.gov/dnradmin/press/2002/0916wnv.htm • For more information on West Nile virus in the state of Washington: www.doh.wa.q6v/ehp/ts/ZooNVNVMNV.htmi • For more extensive information about West Nile virus, consult the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention website at:www.cdc.qov/ncidod/dvbid/westnile/q&a.htm • Public Health Seattle & King County HEALTHY PEOPLE. HEALTHY COMMUNITIES. Alonzo L.Plough,Ph.D.,MPH,Director and Health Officer West Nile Virus: Mosquito control on private property Question: What are the methods of mosquito control that can be used on private property?Is one better than the others? Answer: There are several methods of controlling mosquitoes on private property. Natural methods are preferable to the use of chemical controls, and control of mosquito larva is generally more effective than trying to control adult mosquitoes. ■ Habitat reduction: Getting rid of standing water where mosquitoes breed is an effective method, and often is the least expensive too. See the next question to learn the specific ways to reduce mosquito breeding areas around your property. ■ Natural predators: In nature,there are many predators that eat adult mosquitoes or mosquito larva. These include fish, frogs and other such animals in ponds and wetlands,birds such as swallows, and bats. In confined ponds or animal water troughs, adding goldfish or koi can also be very effective for controlling mosquito larva. See the question below on adding fish to water. ■ Larvaciding: Larvaciding is the use of chemical or biologic control products applied to water sources to kill the immature larva before they hatch into adult flying mosquitoes. Only adult mosquitoes bite and are capable of transmitting disease such as West Nile virus. Larvaciding can be effective if done correctly but it is important to use safe products and follow state laws as described below. ■ Spraying for adult mosquitoes: Spraying adult mosquitoes(called "adulticiding")is generally Iess effective than the methods desired above and is also less desirable because of the types of . ,chemical pesticides that are used. These pesticides can also kill beneficial insects, such as bees or butterflies, and may be toxic to animals and people. Question: I've heard that West Nile virus is often carried by mosquitoes called "container breeders." What are container breeders and what do I do about them? Answer: Although mosquitoes that potentially carry the West Nile virus live in most environments,many of them prefer to breed in containers of water such as buckets and bird baths common to many King County backyards. By reducing these sources of water,you'll go a long way towards reducing the numbers of mosquitoes hatching near your windows and in your yard where you and your family spend time. While we will never get rid of all mosquitoes,it does make sense to reduce artificial breeding habitat in your yard. Follow these steps at least once a week to reduce mosquito breeding habitat(i.e., standing or stagnant water present for longer than 7 days): ■ Tip water out of barrels,buckets and wheelbarrows ■ Tip out containers what could hold water such as toys, cans or plant saucers ■ Empty children's wading pools when not in use ■ Change water in birdbaths and animal troughs at least once a week ■ Get rid of old used tires ■ Clean garden ponds ■ Recycle old bottles,buckets,and cans ■ Clean leaf-clogged gutters ■ Dump water off of tarps and plastic sheeting ■ Repair leaky outdoor faucets ■ Cover rain barrels with mosquito screens ■ Repair ripped windows and door screens and make sure they fit tight ■ Consider adding a screen door to doors that often are left open ■ Help your elderly or frail neighbors and relatives with these activities Question: I have a wetland and a pond on my property. Can I apply a larvicide product to kill mosquito larva? Answer: Unless the body of water is completely contained, such as an artificial ornamental fountain or pond and water from the pond cannot flow to a natural water body or constructed drainage system, permits are required to apply larvicides to water.The property owner is responsible for obtaining the permit.The required National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System(NPDES)Permit for Aquatic Mosquito Control is available from the Washington State Department of Health.For more information contact Benjamin Hamilton at 360-236-3364 or visit www.doh.wa.gov/wnv You may also need to contact your local drainage or surface water management office to verify if local regulations have additional requirements other than just a NPDES permit. In the phone book government pages, look for your city's Public Works or Utilities section,and under the subheading"drainage" or "stormwater." Question: I have a small ornamental fountain on my patio and a birdbath in the garden.What can I do to make sure mosquitoes are not breeding there? Answer: There are several options for fountains,birdbaths,small ornamental ponds or other landscape "water features".The first is to keep water moving by using a pump to create a waterfall,spray, or otherwise circulate the water.This does not need to run continuously;just a couple hours a day will prevent mosquitoes from successfully hatching.Another way is to add goldfish or koi to the pond;these fish love.to eat mosquito larva and are a.very effective control method.Goldfish or koi can be purchased inexpensively at most pet stores.For bird baths and small fountains,you could also empty the water each week and refill with fresh water--this is effective because it takes more than a week for mosquito eggs to hatch into adults. See below on the state rules regarding adding fish to non-ornamental waters such as ponds. s. Question: I hired a Pest Control Operator(PCO)to get rid of the mosquitoes on my property, and he said I could use the larvicides available at my local home improvement store in my pond. Since he is a licensed PCO,do I still need the NPDES permit? Answer: Yes, if the body of water is not completely contained and/or has the potential to flow into streams, wetlands, lakes, constructed drainage systems(including ditches), or other waters.The NPDES permit(see previous question)must be obtained by the property owner even if a licensed operator is hired to apply the pesticide. Larvicides(such as Bs, or Bacillus sphaericus -trade name VectoLex, or Bti, Bacillus thuringiensis,various trade names)may be used without a permit only in completely contained water features such as artificial ornamental ponds. Question: Do Pest Control Operators(PCO)need licenses?. Answer: Yes, from the Washington State Department of Agriculture.Ask to see your PCO's license and ensure that it is up-to-date.When looking for a PCO to control mosquitoes,ask if the PCO has an endorsement for aquatic pesticide for mosquito control on the license.This endorsement is required for the PCO to apply larvicides to water; without this endorsement,the PCO would only be able to recommend and/or apply adulticides. Question: I've heard that fish are natural mosquito predators.May I add fish to the pond on my property? Answer: Permits from the State Department of Fish and Wildlife are required before any fish is introduced to natural bodies of water, including ponds and wetlands,on private property.For more information visit www.wa.gov/wdfw/fish/trnsport.htin You may also call 425-775-1311 and speak to a biologist.Remember that wetlands,ponds and swamps are already likely to have naturally-occurring predators such as fish,birds,amphibians, dragonflies and other insects that help keep the mosquito population under control. Question: I've heard that using bleach,vegetable oil,motor oil,or soap in ponds is an effective way to kill mosquito eggs.Is it okay to use these substances in water? Answer: No.It is illegal to put these substances(or any other substance without a pen-nit)into waters that are not completely contained without the potential to flow into a natural water body,even if they are on private property.Many substances, such as petroleum products,should not be used in a manner that will allow them to get into natural water systems, groundwater, or drainage systems.Furthermore, wetlands,ponds and swamps are likely to have native predators that help keep the mosquito population under control.Bleach,oils,soap,and many other chemicals are highly toxic to organisms such as fish, amphibians,and insects, and killing these mosquito predators will do more harm than good.Even products labeled as "biodegradable" or"non-toxic"may be harmful to aquatic organisms. Question: My neighbor has lots of mosquitoes on his property.I think they come from his messy garden fountain.Are there any laws or regulations to make him clean it up? Answer: King County has no enforcement power to make landowners clean up their property to reduce mosquito infestations. You may file a complaint with Public Health's Environmental Health Division by calling 206-205-4394.Though Public Health cannot require the property owner to remove standing water,we can send a letter informing the owner what he or she can do to reduce the habitat,and letting him/her know about the risks of West Nile virus. Question: I have heard that King County is applying larvicide to some of its stormwater ponds. I have a stormwater pond near my home.Will someone larvicide to kill the mosquitoes there? Answer: If you believe that the stormwater pond is a source of mosquitoes,call the local jurisdiction; association,agency or property owner responsible for maintenance of the stormwater pond to report your concerns.That may be the city where you live,your homeowners association,or King County, among other owners.If you are not sure who owns the stormwater pond,call your city or county government for more information. 1 r King County's Department of Natural Resources and Parks (DNRP) is continually evaluating its stormwater facilities for the presence of mosquitoes. DNRP is larviciding some ponds where natural predators are inadequate and where the ponds are located near large numbers of people with an elevated risk, such as persons older than 50 years old. Call 206-296-1900 if you have concerns about a DNRP stormwater pond. More information about stormwater ponds may be found at: http://cinr.metrokc.gov/wlr/dss/rdponds.htm Question: Should I buy a "bug zapper" or some other type of trap to control mosquitoes in my backyard? Answer: There are a variety of devices advertised that are designed to attract mosquitoes then kill them by electrical shock or other means. While many of these will kill mosquitoes, there can be drawbacks. First, they will also attract and kill beneficial insects. Some use a light source or emit carbon dioxide to attract mosquitoes and thus may draw in more mosquitoes than would have otherwise been in the area. Effectiveness can vary, and there is little scientific data available to help guide the consumer in purchasing such devices, many of which are fairly expensive. In general, it is advisable to concentrate your mosquito control efforts on eliminating mosquito breeding habitat,preparing your home to keep mosquitoes out, and taking personal precautions against being bit by mosquitoes. Question: There are so many adult mosquitoes in my backyard that I want to spray them to get rid of them. How do I go about this? Answer: First of all, it is important to note that not all flying insects are mosquitoes. During the summer, there are other bugs such as crane flies and certain midges and gnats that may look like mosquitoes but which don't bite and don't spread West Nile virus. Killing adult mosquitoes (or"adulticiding") is generally not the most effective way to protect yourself from mosquito bites. Wear protective clothing when mosquitoes are biting, and consider applying insect repellent to exposed skin. Since the adult mosquitoes you see now are capable of laying eggs, find and eliminate sources of stagnant water(i.e., still or standing water present at least several days)on your property to reduce new generations of mosquitoes. Although the use of sprays or other products to kill adult mosquitoes is not normally recommended by Public Health,they are a legal, if relatively ineffective, solution to mosquito problems. We recommend you contact a licensed Pest Control Operator,who knows the strict rules regarding adulticiding and weather,temperature, and wind speed and direction, and choose the least toxic chemical if adulticiding is done. Common Words: ■ Larviciding: Killing immature mosquito larva,before they reach adulthood. Larvicides are generally thought to be more effective than adulticides.Many larvicides (such as Bacillus thuringiensis)come in the form of pellets or small donut-shaped "dunks". ■ Adulticiding: Killing adult mosquitoes, after they reach adulthood and can fly. Adulticides are often sprays or foggers. ■ NPDES:National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System(NPDES)Permit-the permit required from the Washington State Department of Ecology before larviciding in any water that has the potential to run into streams, lakes,drains,or other water. ■ PCO: Pest Control Operator.A PCO has a license from the Department of Ecology,which allows him/her to apply certain pesticides.A PCO needs an aquatic pesticide for mosquito control endorsement on his/her license in order to apply larvicides to water other than completely contained ornamental-type fountains or ponds. ■ West Nile virus: A virus that can cause serious human illness or death in rare cases; iris transmitted through the bite of an infected mosquito. • JFPublic Contact&Resource List 4_28_05.doc Created on 4/28/2005 11:31:00 AM Health Seattle & King County HEALTHY PEOPLE. HEALTHY COMMUNITIES. Alonzo L Plough,Ph.D.,MPH,Director and Health Officer West Nile Virus Contacts & Resources 24 hr.WNV Hotlines Public Health—Seattle&King County Environmental Health (206)205-3883 Communicable Disease&Epidemiology (206)296-4949(select option 2) Washington State Department of Health 1-866-788-4787 WNV Reporting Dead Bird Reports Public Health (206)205-4394* Online dead bird reporting: http://www.metrokc.gov/health/westnile/deadbird.htm Mosquito Problems Public Health (206)205-4394 Veterinary Cases Public Health (206)2964880 Human Cases Public Health (206)296-4774 * this number may be used for general WNV questions WNV Websites Public Health—Seattle&King County http://www.metroke.govihealth/westnile Washington State Dept. of Health www.doh.wa.gov/ebp/ts/Zoo/WNV/WNV.htmi Permit for aquatic mosquito control http://www.doh.wa.gov/ehp/ts/Zoo/WNV/Permit.html Centers for Disease Control http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dvbid/westnile/prevention info.htm WSU Cooperative Extension http://www.wnv.wsu.edu Cornell University http://environmentairisk.comell.edu/WNV CDC Insect Repellent Info www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dvbid/westnile/ga/insect repellent.htm http://www.cdc.jzov/ncidod/dvbid/westnile/RepelientUpdates.htm Public Health—Seattle & King County Staff Dr. Sharon Hopkins,Public Health Veterinarian (206)296-4880 Sharon.Hopkins@metrokc.gov Bill Heaton, Vector/Nuisance-Supervisor (206)205-4397 Bill.Heaton@metrokc.gov Least Helms, WNV Outreach Coordinator (206)296-3998 Leah.Helms@metrokc.gov Hilary Karasz-Dominguez,Media Officer (206)296-4767 Hilary.Karasz@metrokc.gov Human Health Questions (206)296-4774 Communicable Disease/Epidemiology Section Washington State Department of Health Leslie Spangler PhD,VMD- WNV Coordinator (360)236-3369 leslie.spangler@doh.wa.gov Dead bird surveillance(outside King County) Tom Gibbs (360)236-3060 Mosquito surveillance(outside King County) Jo Marie Brauner(360)236-3064 WNV publications&fact sheets Cyndi Free (360)236-3384 Environmental Health Services Division 999 Third Avenue,Suite 700• Seattle,WA 98104-4039 City of Seattle ® King County T(206)205-4394 F(206)296-0189• www.metrokc.gov/health \` t:regory;.Nickels,Mayor Ron Sims,Executive =r� � LANNING�IBUILDINGIPUBLIC WORKS Fe Aw.E. . acts What is the West Nile virus? If you notice that mosquitoes are a West Nile is a mosquito-borne virus problem,please call Public Health at commonly found in Africa, West 206-205-4394 WEST NILE Asia and the Middle East. It was For additional information on the West Nile Virus and how you can first detected in the United States protect yourself from mosquito bites, in 1999. Visit the local Health Department 111RUS website at How is West Nile virus spread? www.metroke.gov/heAthtwesWe West Nile virus (WNV) is spread to or Call the Public Health Department's humans by the bite of an infected West Nile Virus Hotline at mosquito. A mosquito becomes 206-205-3883 infected by biting a bird that car- ries the virus. You cannot get West Nile virus from a person who has the disease. It is not spread by person-to-person contact such as touching, kissing, or caring for someone who is infected. What are the symptoms of this infection? Most people who are infected with Other Sources of Information the West Nile virus show no Washington State Department of Health symptoms. Only one in five website: infected people have mild flu-like www.doh.wa.gov/ehp/ts/Zoo/WNV/WNV.htmt symptoms and then fully recover. Center for Disease Control website: In some individuals, particularly www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dvbid/westnflcfmdex.htm the elderly, WNV can cause more DON 'T serious conditions such as Informational brochures available in lobby of encephalitis or meningitis. Only City Hall or call 425-723-3087 for a copy: about 1 in 150 infected people How to Use Insect Repellants Safely experience the more serious Do You Know What's Biting You? symptoms. Take The Bite Out Of The Bug A TARGETPrinted by Print&Mail Svcs,City of Renton - RenT""s' WNV Respons-C P Mosquito season is rapidly r v n l n is approaching here m the Pacifice o Northwest, which means the potential return of the West Nile Virus (WNV). • Screen doors and windows. • Wear long pants, long sleeved shirts and socks when outdoors. Although the Health Department . Eliminate standing water on is the lead agency for responding to your property: clean out • Consider use of a mosquito the West Nile Virus, the City of gutters, dispose of old tires, repellent containing DEET. Renton has developed a response empty buckets and flowerpot dishes, fix leaky • Screen rain barrels or plan to augment the Department of faucets. other containers that can't Health program. The City's �_ be drained. ° strategy emphasizes prevention as • Change water in watering the best protection from West Nile troughs and bird baths •Vaccinate horses. Other pets Virus and consists of: weekly. (dogs and cats) are resistant to West Nile Virus. • Monitoring for the presence of • Stay indoors at dusk and dawn. the virus using the Health Department surveillance data. • Supporting public education on protection from bites and reducing mosquito habitat. The City is proposing to use larvacides only if required by the Health Department and • Minimizing mosquito-breeding conducted in conjunction with adjacent jurisdictions. To make sure that the City is habitat on City property. prepared to take this action, if required, we will be applying for an Aquatic Mosquito Y Control permit. v o� ��NTo� Where can I find more WEST NILE VIRUS What is West Nile virus? Who is at risk? on West Nile virus? West Nile virus is a serious, even fatal, The risk of getting West Nile virus is Human Health illness. It can affect people, horses, very low, but anyone can become Washington State Department of Health certain types of birds, and other infected. People over 50 years of age www.doh.wa.gov/wnv Do ou animals. In 1999, West Nile virus first have the highest risk of serious illness. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dvbid/westnile/ appeared in the United States in New index.htm know York City. Since that time, it has Insect Repellent Use and Safety spread rapidly throughout the coun- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention try. In 2002, the virus was found for www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dvbid/westnile/qa/ what's the first time in birds and horses in in sect repellent.htm Washington. Outdoor Workers Centers for Disease Control and Prevention www.cdc.gov/niosh/westnileupd.html Equines, Other Livestock, Poultry beit *ing Washington State Department of Agriculture www.wa.gov/agr/FoodAnimal/AnimalHealth/ Y.0 U WNVdefault.htm How is it spread? What are the symptoms? US Department of Agriculture www.aphis.usda.gov/lpa/issues/wnv/ West Nile virus is almost always Most people who are infected with wnv.html spread to people by the bite of an West Nile virus will not get sick. Information Lines t infected mosquito. Mosquitoes About 1 in 5 people infected will have Washington Local Number - become infected after feeding on birds mild symptoms such as fever, head- 360.236.3980 that carry the virus. West Nile virus is ache, and body aches. Even fewer, Washington Toll-free Number Z 1.866.78V1RUS ., �° not spread by direct contact with about 1 in 150 people infected, will CDC Toll-free Number(TTY) infected people or animals. As we have more severe symptoms. Severe 1.866.874.2646 learn more about West Nile virus, we symptoms may include headache, may discover other routes of infec- high fever, neck stiffness, stupor, /�' Washington State Department of tion. For more information, visit the disorientation, tremors, convulsions, , i Heal th health Web sites listed on the back. muscle weakness, paralysis, and coma. DOH Pub 333-052 3/2003 Partially funded by If you have any of these symptoms, US Department of Health and Human Services Centers for Disease Control and Prevention contact your health care provider. For persons with disabilities,this document is available on request in other formats.Please call 1-800-525-0127. •• • • • • How can I protect my family? What are public health There is no human vaccine for West Nile virus. The best way to protect yourself is to avoid What should I do if I find agencies doing in mosquitoes. Take these steps to avoid mosquito bites and reduce the places where mosquitoes a dead bird? Washington state? live and breed around your home. West Nile virus infects certain wild birds. State and local health departments: Crows, jays, ravens, and magpies tend to • Monitor for West Nile virus by trap- Avoid Mosquito Bites Don't Give Mosquitos a Home become sick and die from infection. ping and identifying mosquitoes. Increasing numbers of dead birds may be • Track the number of dead bird reports. r Make sure windows and doors are f Empty anything that holds standing an indication of West Nile virus in your "bug tight." Repair or replace screens. water—old tires, buckets, plastic community.You can help by reporting • Collect specific species of dead birds testin covers, flowerpots, and toys. dead crows and other birds to your local for laboratory g• r Stay indoors at dawn and dusk, if health department, environmental • Notify health care providers to look for possible, when mosquitoes are most r Change the water in your birdbaths, health program. Look in the phone book and report symptoms in patients. active. fountains, wading pools, and animal under County Government-Health. • Notify veterinarians to look for and troughs at least twice a week. Certain dead birds will be tested to report horses and other animals with r Wear a long sleeve shirt, long pants, monitor for West Nile virus. signs of West Nile virus. and a hat when going into mosquito- r Recycle unused containers that can While there is no current evidence that • Distribute information on the virus infested areas, such as wetlands or collect water—bottles, cans, and you can get West Nile virus from han- and how to control mosquitoes. woods. buckets. dling dead birds, avoid bare-handed These efforts are designed to identify F; Use mosquito repellent when neces- r Make_sure roof gutters drain properly; contact. Use gloves or double plastic bags West Nile virus before an outbreak. sary. Read the label and carefully and clean clogged gutters in the spring to place the carcass in a garbage can. Public health officials will alert commu- follow the instructions.Take special and fall. nities about measures that they can take care when using repellent on children. What is an effective to control West Nile virus. r Fix leaky outdoor faucets and mosquito repellent? sprinklers. Repellents that contain DEET are the most effective. DEET products come in Can West Nile virus affect my pets? lotions, creams, gels, sprays, and towelettes. Check the label for the For the latest on West Nile West Nile virus can cause serious illness in horses and donkeys.Though most horses do not chemical name for DEET.N,N-diethyl-m- virus in Washington, visit get sick, about 1 in 3 horses that do get sick will die.To protect your horses ask your veterinar- toluamide. WWW.doh.wa.,gov1wnv ian about the West Nile virus vaccine for horses. Follow the same steps as above to reduce Products containing DEET must be used places where mosquitoes live and breed near horse pastures and barns. It is rare that West Nile properly. Read and follow instructions virus will cause illness in dogs, cats, and other animals. on the label. Do not over use repellents. Prevent West Nile virus Protect your home against • • • • MOSQUITOE 4 / �a Pool cover that collects water, neglected swimming pool, cf� hot tub or child's wading pool Birdbath(clean weekly)and ornamental pond(stock with fish) I� Any toy,garden equipment or container that can hold water .v �E Flat roof without adequate drainage Clo ed rain gutter ,1J.. gg (home and street) Trash and discarded tires Tree rot Missing,damaged Uncovered boat or Leaky faucet (drill drain holes in hole or hollow or improperly boat cover that or pet bowl bottom of tire swings) stump installed screens collects water (change water daily) ITIPublic Health Hotline: (206) 205-3883 Seattle&King County http://www.metrokc.gov/health/westnile HEALTHY PEOPLE.HEALTHY COMMUNITIES. Available In alternate formats. OKing County Ctt of Seattle Printed by Authority of the State of Illinois O y 93320(7/04) CDC: West Nile Virus - Updated Insect Repellent Page 1 of snFsu.,�Ea�rr�a¢w.meov�c ��. " .. ':a:..•. : West Nile Virus Basics Updated Information regarding Insect Repellents Avoid Mosquito Bites Download PDF version formatted for print "`(31 KB/2 pages) Fact Sheet •Q&A Updated Information regarding Mosquito Repellents April 22, 2005 Specific Topics -Maps& Human Cases Repellents are an important tool to assist people in protecting themselves from -Clinical Guidance mosquito-borne diseases. -Lab Guidance Workplace Safety A wide variety of insect repellent products are available. CDC recommends the use of -Background products containing active ingredients which have been registered with the U.S. -Ecology/Virology Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) for use as repellents applied to skin and clothing. -Education/Training EPA registration of repellent active ingredients indicates the materials have been reviewed and approved for efficacy and human safety when applied according to the instructions on Resources the label. •In the News -Publications Of the active ingredients registered with the EPA, two have demonstrated a higher degree -Conferences of efficacy in the peer-reviewed, scientific literature *. Products containing these active Related Links ingredients typically provide longer-lasting protection than others: -State& Local Government Sites e DEET (N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide) -Guidelines for . Picaridin (KBR 3023) Surveillance, Prevention, &Control PDF (254 KB/77 pages) Oil of lemon eucalyptus [p-menthane 3,8-diol (PMD)], a plant based repellent, is also registered with EPA. In two recent scientific publications, when oil of lemon eucalyptus was tested against mosquitoes found in the US it provided protection similar to repellents with low concentrations of DEET. Oil of lemon eucalyptus has not been tested against mosquitoes that spread malaria and some other diseases which occur internationally. See CDC Travelers' Health website (http://www.cdc.gov/travel/bugs.htm) for specific recommendations concerning protection from insects when traveling outside the United States. In addition, certain products which contain permethrin are recommended for use on clothing, shoes, bed nets, and camping gear, and are registered with EPA for this use. Permethrin is highly effective as an insecticide and as a repellent. Permethrin-treated clothing repels and kills ticks, mosquitoes, and other arthropods and retains this effect after repeated laundering. The permethrin insecticide should be reapplied following the label instructions. Some commercial products are available pretreated with permethrin. Length of protection from mosquito bites varies with the amount of active ingredient, ambient temperature, amount of physical activity/perspiration, any water exposure, abrasive removal, and other factors. For long duration protection use a long lasting (micro-encapsulated) formula and re-apply as necessary, according to label instructions. EPA recommends the following precautions when using insect repellents: . Apply repellents only to exposed skin and/or clothing (as directed on the product label.) Do not use repellents under clothing. • Never use repellents over cuts, wounds or irritated skin. http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dvbid/westnile/RepellentUpdates.htm 5/19/200' CDC: Vlfest Nile Virus -Updated Insect Repellent Page 2 of • Do not apply to eyes or mouth, and apply sparingly around ears. When using sprays, do not spray directly on face—spray on hands first and then apply to face. • Do not allow children to handle the product. When using on children,'apply to your own hands first and then put it on the child. You may not want to apply to children's hands. • Use just enough repellent to cover exposed skin and/or clothing. Heavy application and saturation are generally unnecessary for effectiveness. If biting insects do not respond to a thin film of repellent, then apply a bit more. • After returning indoors, wash treated skin with soap and water or bathe. This is particularly important when repellents are used repeatedly in a day or on consecutive days. Also, wash treated clothing before wearing it again. (This precaution may vary with different repellents—check the product label.) • If you or your child get a rash or other bad reaction from an insect repellent, stop using the repellent, wash the repellent off with mild soap and water, and call a local poison control center for further guidance. If you go to a doctor because of the repellent, take the repellent with you to show the doctor. Note that the label for products containing oil of lemon eucalyptus specifies that they should not to be used on children under the age of three years. Other than those listed above, EPA does not recommend any additional precautions for using registered repellents on pregnant or lactating women, or on children. For additional information regarding the use of repellent on children, please see CDC's Frequently Asked Questions about Repellent Use. [http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dvbid/westnile/qa/insect_repellent.htm] DEET-based repellents applied according to label instructions may be used along with a separate sunscreen. No data are available at this time regarding the use of other active repellent ingredients in combination with a sunscreen. See http://www.epa.gov/pesticides/factsheets/insectrp.htm for additional information on using EPA-registered repellents. *See: Fradin MS, Day JF. Comparative efficacy of insect repellents against mosquito bites. N Engl J Med. 2002;347 (1):13-8. Barnard DR, Xue RD. Laboratory evaluation of mosquito repellents against Aedes albopictus, Culex nigripalpus, and Ochlerotatus triseriatus (Diptera: Culicidae). J Med Entomol. 2004 Jul;41(4):726-30. For more information, visit www.cdc.gov/westnile, or call CDC at 800-CDC-INFO (English and Spanish) or 888-232-6348 (TTY). A� Top of Page CDC Home I Search CDC I Health Topics A-Z Page last modified April 22, 2005 Privacy Policy I Accessibility http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dvbld/westnile/RepellentUpdates.htm 5/19/200' • JFPublic Health Seattle & King County HEALTHY PEOPLE. HEALTHY COMMUNITIES. Alonzo L.Plough,Ph.D.,MPH,Director and Health Officer New mosquito repellent options, just in time for the WNV season Until now, DEET-containing products have been the mainstay of effective mosquito repellents and have been the sole formulation recommended by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). DEET-based repellents, while safe and effective, sometimes repel users due to an odor some people find offensive, an oily or sticky skin-feel, and a tendency to damage plastics. Just in time for the 2005 West Nile virus season, the CDC has now added two new active ingredients to the recommended list. These are picaridin (also known as KBR 3023) and oil of lemon eucalyptus. Picaridin has been in use for many years in mosquito repellents sold in Europe, Australia, Latin America and Asia and is recommended by WHO for malaria prevention. Its effectiveness is comparable to DEET products containing a similar concentration of active ingredient. In the U.S., the first commercially-available product contains 7% picaridin and is being marketed under the name Cutter Advanced. Testing shows picaridin and DEET offer the longest-lasting protection. DEET at a 24% concentration can provide protection for up to 5 hours. Oil of lemon eucalyptus protects for shorter periods, similar to low concentrations of DEET. CDC cautioned that oil of lemon eucalyptus should not be used on children under the age of three years and that it has not been tested against the mosquitoes that spread malaria and some other tropical diseases. A study published in 2002 in the New England Journal of Medicine found that perennial favorites citronella and Avon Skin-so-Soft, as well as DEET-impregnated wrist bands, offered only very short protection times. Of the non-DEET products, a 2% soybean oil product called Bite Blocker provided up to 90 minutes of mosquito protection. The NEJM article did not evaluate a picaridin product because it was not licensed for use in the U.S. at the time of the study. Mosquito Repellent Precautions: • Apply repellents to exposed skin, never under clothes • Avoid use on wounds or irritated skin and do not apply to eyes or mouth • Don't spray directly on the face--instead spray hands first then carefully apply to face; apply sparingly around ears • For children, adults should first apply the repellent to their hands then wipe it on the child's skin • And, of course, always read the label and follow instructions! Environmental Health Services Division 999 Third Avenue,Suite 700 • Seattle,WA 98104-4039 T 206-205-4394 F 206-296-0189 TTY Relay:711 City of Seattle O King County www.metrokc.govlhealth &•®­w Gregory J.Nickels,Mayor Ron Sims,Executive • Public Health Seattle & King County HEALTHY PEOPLE. HEALTHY COMMUNITIES. Alonzo L.Plough,Ph.D.,MPH,Director and Health Officer Permethrin is another effective insect repellent, but it should only be applied to clothing, shoes mosquito netting or camping gear, not directly to skin. Certain permethrin-containing products are registered with the EPA for this use. Permethrin can retain its effectiveness after repeated laundering, and some clothing and other commercial products are available pre-treated with permethrin. The CDC websites contain more information about the new recommendations at http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dvbid/westnile/ga/insect repellent.htm and about DEET at http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dvbid/westnile/qa/insect repellent.htm. International travelers should consult the CDC Travelers' Health website at http://cdc.gov/travel/bugs.htm for more detailed recommendations. For West Nile virus information, see the Public Health—Seattle & King County website at http://www.metrokc.gov/health/westnile or contact Public Health at 206- 205-4394. Environmental Health Services Division 999 Third Avenue,Suite 700 • Seattle,WA 98 1 04-403 9 T 206-205-4394 F 206-296-0189 TTY Relay:711 City of Seattle O King County www.metrokc.gov/health &•4EMP-. Gregory J.Nickels,Mayor Ron Sims,Executive West Nile Virus Activity wNV in California, 2004 in California in 2004 ii Humans s2s (27 deaths) Equines 536 �, 1 Dead birds 3,232 Vicki Kramer,Ph.D. � Mosquito pools 1,136 Vector-Borne Disease Section California Department of Health Services � Sentinel chickens 809 Af h ttp://ww w.west n ile.ca.sov WNV in California,2003 � � February 2004 ' • 32 ' Mosquito pools stirA birds 70 31,227 , ; •' ' 1� 1 county •Human Case , NV activity(no human mnNV activity(nun ber of human n Equine Case s.s with know onset date) r� March 2004 April 2004 Dead birds 2 Dead birds 14 Humans,onset I reported 0 Humans,onset/reported 0 Horses,onset if reported 0 Horses,onset I reported 0 rMosquito pools 0 0Dead bird 0 1 i. 5 counties VVNV activity(number of human .ter =V activity(no human cases with known onset data) n onset d NOW r� � May 2004 June 2004 ANEW I Humans,onset I reported 50 l4 Horses,onset I reported 0 Horses,onset/reported 1514 Dead birds 391 Dead birds 874 Mosquito pools 41 Mosquito pools 180 Sentinel chickens 113 6 counties 11 counties WNV activity(no human " WNV activity(no human cases) cases) WNV activity(number of hu .WNV activity(number of human cases with known onset date) July 15, 2004 ; July 31 2QQ, _ Humans,onset/reported 111/24 Humans,onset/reported 261/54 Horses,onset/reported 40/26 Horses,onset I reported 94/44 Dead birds 1073 Dead birds 1447 Mosquito pools 364 Mosquito pools 526 Sentinel chickens 166 Sentinel chickens 257 1 21 counties 39 counties QNV activity(no human ❑WNV activity(no human Be) C89Bs) .WNV activity(number of human .aae activity(number of human cases With known onset date) s with known onset date) August 15, 2004 August 31, 2004 _ iHumans,onset/reported 422/168 Humans,onset I reported 5291430 Horses,onset I reported 162187 Horses,onset I reported 2641199 Dead birds 1942 Dead birds 2440 Mosquito pools 688 Mosquito pools 858 Sentinel chickens 326 Sentinel chickens 474 52 counties 56 counties .t ❑WNV activity(no human ❑WNV activity(no human ases) cases) WNV activity(number of human. =_ WNV activity(number of human cases with known onset date) .cases with known onset date) 2 September, 2004 October, 2004 Humans,onset I reported 6211654 Humans,onset/reported 633/790 Horses,onset I reported 3871419 Horses,onset/reported 3261 529 Dead birds 3030 Dead birds 3192 Mosquito pools 1091 Mosquito pools 1135 Sentinel chickens 715 Sentinel chickens 779 58 counties 58 counties WNV activity(no human WNV activity(no human cases) ses) .=,v activity(number of human .WNV activity(number of human s with known onset date) cases with known onset data) November, 2004 Sequence of%N W detection events in California Humans,onset I reported 633 1817 relative to human case onset,2004 Horses,onset/reported 426/536 mj Dead birds 322541� 5,17 Mosquito pools 1136 Sentinel chickens 802 5/14 6/12 m L24 4/14 '!� 0 58 counties 1 1 FEB MAR APR MAY JUNE JULY AUG SEPT OCT NOV Week of Onset ❑WNV activity(no human ses) •Onset dates not areilable for ell patients .WNV activity(number of human •Birds,mosqunoe:.date of-fl—ion cases with known onset date) •Chickens:Bata or probable serocomersion Dead Bird Surveillance Program Dead Bird 2000 - 2004 PositiveSurveillance Year Reported Tested 000 00 2002 3,666 653 0 00 3 92 species1 positive dead birds Importance of WNV Dead Bird Oth Surveillance Program in 2004 ��.�`'- . xon-corvids • Early season WNV detection ids Earliest indication of WNV activity in 53/ 58 California counties • Only surveillance element that covered ALL 58 counties Western —Mosquito and sentinel chicken testing limited to scrobray regions with vector control agencies 19 • In 22 counties,dead birds were the only evidence of WNV activity ` Non-corvid WNive species WNV Activity in Mosquitoes in 2004 Positive dead birds 3,232 umber positive House HouseSparrow Cooper's70 Hawk:® Barn Owl 28 1 .1 Hawk 27 American 1 1 a,t 1 1 ® -, ' .✓ Lesser Goldfinch 18 1 1 17 American Kestrel 16 umber of wNV Positive Mosquito Pools, 2004 WNV Positive Mosquito Specie20 counties 1136 pos.pools/14,602 mosquitoes tested 9 species 3 genera: iv..Ot., lit.) CULEX qulnquejusclatus 741 (65%) < p Over zoo pooh stignratosoma 41 (4%) � too-zoopoo� erythrot/mrax 19 (2%) ■ u-ro pools pipiens 13 (1%) _- ■ t-to ols thriambus 3 (<I%) - Plus Oc.melanimon(2),Oc.syuamiger(1) Ara hermsi(1), � . Human WNV Infections, 2004* o MSSaa • 828 human infections from 23 counties -66 from blood banks 15 (22.7%) Co untles ubm"tong Mosquitoes rr developed symptoms 1.3 2004 • 777 symptomatic cases -684 with known clinical presentation -395(58%)West Nile fever(WNF� -289(42%)West Nile neuroinvastve No pmiti,,pools 0 disease(WNND) i -93 unknown clinical presentation Human WNV Incidence,by Age Group and Clinical Category California,2004 35 25 IN- le 0.5 • 27 fatalities 'As of 1/27/OS California Human Case Statistics • 777 symptomatic cases: Median age all cases=Suers(range:2-94) -Median age WNND=S�rs(range:4-94) -Median age WNF=50 vrs(range:2-91) -62%male • 27 WNV-associated fatalities: -Median age=76 vrs(range:26-94) • Known mosquito bite: 26.5% \Peek of Onset for Human N7N\"Cases California 2004(n=fi43) '- e 10 m Reported County, II 7/31-9/13 828 infections human WNV activity(no human i bar of 3 7 1 1 z 0 1 3 3 m i 3 sa i 15 p ' 197 2 1 2004 Equine WNV Data Reported WNV 0 people e Reporte -�� ' •540 WNV infected horses(32 counties) cases •230(42%)died/euthanized •Vaccination status �j -22 properly vaccinated -R ■ - 145 improperly vaccinated rMIncidence in: 1.8 -356 unvaccinated iidzona - 17 unknown r _co Nevadaregoni , ■ ColoradO, •First positive finding of WNV in 2 counties Week of Onset for Equine WNV Cases California,2004 a 20051 y� w T 50 .0 I i"��I"'� Likely intensified 30 10- dII American ro Date of onset(�veek ending) Christmas bir c U nts transmission in the Central Valley driven by American crows REI Search: * Page 1 of Search RELcom Log in (contains 0 items) You are not logged in. r� �t y Home Shop All Categories Ordering Questions Shipping Info Contact Us Help Clothing&Outerwear Men's Shop Your search for all returned 6 results. 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E Member Existing Members Apply for an REI Visa& Company Info REl.com Home I Shopping Cart Your Account I Apply for an REI Visa® About REI Help I Contact Us I Live Help E-mail I Shop All Categories I Jobs REI Gives REI-OUTLET.com I REI Adventures I Corporate Sales I Find an REI Store Jobs at REI Become an REI Affiliate http://www.rel.com/online/store/Search?storeld=8000&query=*&cat=4500562&vcat=REI SEARCH 5/19/200` WEST NILE VIRUS CONTROL—SEATTLE&KING COUNTY LARVA DIPPING SURVEILLANCE EVENTS IN 2003 Reported to the Intranet database maintained by Public Health—Seattle&King County NUMBER OF CITY OF OF • APPLICATION • Auburn 126 25 (19.8) Bellevue 6 2 (33.3) Bothell 8 ? (25.0) Burien 1 1 (100) Covington 3 1 (33.3) Enumclaw 2 2(100) Federal Way 83 50(60.2) Hobart 1 0(0) Issaquah 11 1 (9.1) Kent 48 29(60.4) Kingsgate 1 0(0) Kirkland 19 7(36.8) Maple Valley 12 4(33.3) May Valley 1 0(0) Pacific 2 0(0) Preston 2 1 (50.0) Redmond 4 2(50.0) Renton 88 51 (58.0) Sammamish 18 3 (16.7) Seattle 21 8(38.1) Shoreline 3 1 (33.3) Tukwila 5 4(80.0) Woodinville 13 8(61.5) Unincorporated KC 3 0(0) TOTAL 481 202(42.0) DIP COUNTS for MOSQUITO LARVAE SURVEILLANCE in KING COUNTY INSTRUCTIONS & DATA MANAGEMENT PURPOSE: Dipping is used to indicate the presence or absence of mosquito activity in a body of water. The average number of larvae in a series of dips is a rough indication of the degree of mosquito activity in the water sampled. As part of its West Nile virus (WNV) surveillance and control program, Public Health—Seattle & King County is maintaining a database and mapping mosquito larval densities throughout King County. This information will be compared to surveillance data and mapping of dead bird reports, mosquito complaint reports, crows testing positive for WNV, equine cases, and human cases. In addition, demonstration of mosquito activity is required by the State permit before larvaciding. Larval surveillance via dipping may also be used to help determine the effectiveness of mosquito habitat reduction measures or of larvaciding. PROCEDURE: Dipping involves use of a standardized white plastic dipping cup (1.5 cup volume) affixed to a long handle. The cup is dipped into the body of water to be sampled and the number of mosquito larva on each dip counted and recorded. A minimum of 3 dips is suggested, but more may be counted for larger bodies of water. Motion, shadows and noise may cause the larvae to scatter or dive, so the water should be approached quietly and from a direction that will not cast a shadow onto the area to be dipped. Training in the technique is available from Public Health staff. Please contact Leah Helms at (206)296-3998 or by e-mail at leak,helms(&metrokc.goo v. In addition, larvae collected by dipping may be placed in a"mosquito breeder"and hatched for submission to the WA Department of Health, Office of Environmental Health and Safety. The hatched adults will be examined and classified as to mosquito species and number of females. Adult mosquitoes can also be collected directly by using special mosquito traps. More information, submission forms, and shipping information are available from Jo Marie Brauner at(360)236-3064 or by e-mail at iomarie,brauner0doh,wa,gov. DATA COLLECTION: Data collection forms for dip counts are part of this packet. They should be photocopied as needed and used to record the location of the dipping, type of water sampled, the counts and other relevant information. It is important to record the location using either GIS coordinates, parcel number or accurate street address as the larval surveillance data will be mapped using GIS software. DATA ENTRY & MANAGEMENT: A site has been set up on the King County Intranet at http://webtest/wnv/ . The username is wnvdata and the password is password. This site allows agencies to directly enter data from the Dip Count form. Copies of these instructions and the data collection form may also be printed from the site. Problems with the Intranet site should be reported to Sharon Hopkins by e-mail at sharon,hopkins(aimetrokc,gov. Agencies such as City governments unable to access the KC Intranet site may submit the hard copies of their data collection forms to Public Health—Seattle & King County for data entry. Public Health will also provided individualized reports to agencies conducting larval surveillance. Contact Kim Moore at(206) 296-3998 or by e-mail at/eah,he/ms(&metrokc.gov to arrange for data entry and data retrieval services. Public Health—Seattle & King County, Environmental Health Division, PH: (206) 205-4394 FAX: 296-0189 • Ippublic Contact&Resource List 42805.doc Created on 4/28/2005 11:31:00 AM Health Seattle & King County HEALTHY PEOPLE. HEALTHY COMMUNITIES. Alonzo L.Plough,Ph.D.,MPH,Director and Health Officer West Nile Virus Contacts & Resources 24 hr.WNV Hotlines Public Health—Seattle&King County Environmental Health (206)205-3883 Communicable Disease&Epidemiology (206)296-4949 (select option 2) Washington State Department of Health 1-866-788-4787 WNV Reportin_ Dead Bird Reports Public Health (206)205-4394* Online dead bird reporting: littp://www.metrokc.gov/health/westnile/deadbird.htm Mosquito Problems Public Health (206)205-4394 Veterinary Cases Public Health (206)296-4880 Human Cases Public Health (206)296-4774 * this number may be used for general WNV questions WNV Websites Public Health—Seattle&King County httP://www.metrokc.gov/health/westnile Washington State Dept. of Health www.doh.wa. og v/ehp/ts/Zoo/WNV/)VNV.html Permit for aquatic mosquito control http://www.doh.wa.gov/ehp/ts/Zoo/'ANV/Permit.htmi Centers for Disease Control http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dvbid/westnile/prevention info.htm WSU Cooperative Extension http://www.wnv.wsu.edu Cornell University http://environmentalrisk.comell.edu/WNV CDC Insect Repellent Info www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dvbid/westnile/ga/insect repellent.htm http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dvbid/westnile/RepellentUpdates.htm Public Health—Seattle & Kin2 County Staff Dr. Sharon Hopkins, Public Health Veterinarian (206)296-4880 Sharon.Hopkins@metrokc.gov Bill Heaton, Vector/Nuisance Supervisor (206)205-4397 Bill.Heaton@metrokc.gov Leah Helms, WNV Outreach Coordinator (206)296-3998 Leah.Helms@metrokc.gov Hilary Karasz-Dominguez, Media Officer (206)296-4767 Hilary.Karasz@metrokc.gov Human Health Questions (206)296-4774 Communicable Disease/Epidemiology Section Washington State Department of Health Leslie Spangler PhD, VMD- WNV Coordinator (360)236-3369 leslie.spangler@doh.wa.gov Dead bird surveillance(outside King County) Tom Gibbs (360)236-3060 Mosquito surveillance(outside King County) Jo Marie Brauner(360)236-3064 WNV publications &fact sheets Cyndi Free (360)236-3384 Environmental Health Services Division 999 Third Avenue,Suite 700• Seattle,WA 98104-4039 City of Seattle O King County T(206)205-4394 F(206)296-0189• www.metrokc.gov/health � P rreyory;.Nickels,Mayor Ron Sims,Executive AGENDA Public Health Seattle & King County May 2005 Interagency Workgroup Meeting May 20., 2005 1:30 p.m. — 3:00 p.m. Hillary Karasz West Nile Virus outreach: Tips on distributing PHSKC the WNV message Public Information Officer Sharon Hopkins Overview of PHSKC West Nile Virus PHSKC 1z Surveillance for 2005 Public Health Veterinarian WNV Epi update Program Lead Leah Helms Data management: How to report mosquito PHSKC and larviciding data to PHSKC West Nile Virus Coordinator Mosquito Repellents: Alternatives to DEET Q&A Wrap-up Q&A Round table discussion 1-.........Z___--- ..... .... ......... ............. ............ . ....... -.......... Notes: West Nile Virus Data Form Page 1 of Mosquito Larvae Count Form Organization Name: Department Name: Facility ID: (optional) Data Collected By: First,last name Date of Collection: (e.g., 111103) Location of Sample: Record all available GPS Coordinates: Map Datum: WGS84-Lat and Long in decimal degrees up to 4-5 decimalplaces Parcel Number: Street Address: City: Type of Water Sampled: Check only one Storm water pond _ Catch basin/storm drain Wetland,woodland,marsh,swamp Natural Pond or Lake Container(e.g.,tire,tire pile,trough,ornamental pond. roof top catchment) Other(Describe below) Describe: If Type of Water Sampled is Other: Mosquito Larvae Count: (3 dips suggested;more dips may be made for larger bodies of water;record larvae count for each dip) Dip#1: Dip values should not exceed 3 digits Dip#2: Dip#3: Dip#4: Dip#5: Dip#6: Dip#7: Dip#8: Dip#9: Dip#10: Data Entered By: Write first and last names as used on email Name: http://webtest/wnv/mlcount pr.asp 5/19/200' a Short Plat (SHPL# ) REQUEST FOR PROJECT# Prelim.Plat (PP# ) CAG# ) To: Technical Services Date n WO# Green# From: Plan Review/Project Manager e o 1QUv lit vl sf Fly it �7— i✓ Project Name G10 7 ktMV ( vE`;T N I LE W O U3 & -0 -P (70 cdywctm max) Description of Project: C,4 y /)P l eSno,,,S � r ye� a r�nl t' air. Circle Size of Waterline: 8" 10" 12" Circle One: New or Extension Circle Size of Sewerline: 8" 10" 12" Circle One: New or Extension Circle Size of Stormline: 12" 15" 18" 24" Circle One: New or Extension Address or Street Name(s) lJ,R Dvlpr/Contractor/Owner/Cnslt:: (70 characters max) Check each discipline involved in Project Ltr Drwg #of sheets per discipline ❑ Trans-Storm ❑ ❑ (Roadway/Drainage) (Off site improvements)(include basin name) (include MC sheets) ❑ Transportation (Signalization.C hannelization,Lighting) ❑ ❑ ❑ Wastewater ❑ ❑ Sanitary Sewer Main(include basin name) ❑ Water (Mains,Valves,Hydrants) ❑ ❑ (Include composite&Horizontal Ctd Sheets) ❑ Suface Water ❑ ❑ Improvements ( IP NLY)(include basin name) TS Use Only Approved by TSM Date: 1-11ortms/utility/92-090.DOC/CD/bh CIP FILE OUTLINE 1000 CORRESPONDENCE 1001 General Correspondence 1002 Consultant Correspondence C-f-001V City Correspondence 10 4 ' Other Agencies Correspondence 1 0 Contractor Correspondence 1006 Grants/Loans -Correspondence 1100 DESIGN/PLANNING 1101 Design 1102 Consultant Selection 110 Contracts 1104 Reports/Studies/Calculations 1105 Consultant Payments 1200 AGREEMENTS 1300 SEPA 1400 PERMITS/PLAN REVIEW 1500 EASEMENTS/DEEDS 1600 CONSTRUCTION 1601 Construction Bid Information 1602 Construction Contract Insurance & Legal Review 1603 Construction Contract Document 1604 Construction Submittals Materials Shop Drawings Schedules Traffic Control Plan 1605 Construction Pay Estimates Prevailing Wages 1606 Construction Change Orders 1607 Construction Inspection/Progress Reports Photos, Site Condition Reports 1609 Construction Management Services(Consultant) Contract Invoices 1610 Operations & Maintenance General Information Manual As-Built/Survey Notes 1700 LITIGATION 1800 LID 1801 LID Public Notification 1802 LID Public Meetings 1803 LID Final Assessment Roll 1804 LID Miscellaneous 1900 SAD 1901 SAD Public Notification 1902 SAD Public Meetings 1903 SAD Final Assessment Roll 1904 SAD Miscellaneous H/DIV/UTIL/FILEOTLA.DOC\If City of Renton PH♦ (Yerl _ �� .. ..... EAR Cancel Recced Edit Help • General Aliases Ehysical Images Fie Code l Tine IMOSQUITO ABATEMENT PROGRAM WORKING FILE OF CIP-CORRESPONOENCE&MISC.INFO C�eitFnts (a PJa¢alive CIP Project PMGR:Allen Ott n. Files Include_1)Spraying " Schedule:2)City 8 agency response to the West Nile Virus in Washington State;3)Contract&Invoices-2003:d)West Nile Virus. E,, General Correspondence; 40 Star �1 20051st TRlab ` NLAEELAxt- ote— Eit of Renton P.,. 4niks " ��� t Q ' �ka�_ __ � N �lt� Y Y N� i 5.._AFt