HomeMy WebLinkAboutRS_Boeing Apron R Crew Shelter IDP PLAN_250523_V1.pdf
PO Box 782, Blaine, WA 98231-0782
www.draytonarchaeology.com
May 22, 2025
Don Davis, P.E. | Senior Project Engineer
SITTS & HILL ENGINEERS, INC.
4815 Center Street
Tacoma, Washington 98409
RE: Inadvertent Discovery Plan for the IDP for the Boeing Company’s Apron R, Crew
Shelters and Tool Cabanas Project, Renton, King County Washington
Mr. Davis,
Please find for review Drayton Archaeology’s (Drayton) proposed cultural resources inadvertent
discovery plan (IDP) for the above-noted project. Sitts & Hill Engineers, Inc. plans for the
construction of six (6) crew shelters and tool cabanas along the northern portion of the Boeing
Renton Campus (TPN: 0723059001), Renton, King County in Section 7/8, Township 23 North,
Range 5 East of the Willamette Meridian (Figures 1 and 2). The project will involve the installation
of four (4) 3.66 x 9.14 meter (m) (12 x 30 foot [ft]), one (1) 3.66 x 12.19 m (12 x 40 ft), and one
(1) (3.66 x 17.01 m (12 x 56 ft) prefabricated shelter buildings placed on existing concrete paving.
(Figures 3 – 5).
The project is subject to the State Environmental Policy Act (SEPA). The regulations would be
under compliance with the Washington State Code 43.21C, State Environmental Policy Act
(SEPA) through the City of Renton (City), and if archaeological resources are encountered,
through RCW 27.53 through Washington Department of Archaeology and Historic Preservation
(DAHP). It is the responsibility of the agency to ensure proper consideration for cultural resources
and to develop an archaeological survey and mitigation strategies, as needed.
IDP for the Boeing Company’s Apron R, Crew Shelters and Tool Cabanas Project, Renton,
Washington
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INTRODUCTION
Due to an overriding concern for the discovery and protection of heretofore unknown cultural
deposits and/or items, this formal Inadvertent Discovery Plan (IDP) is being offered to guide
project personnel during construction work for the proposed Boeing Company’s Apron R, Crew
Shelters and Tool Cabanas Project, Renton, Washington. This IDP should be kept on-site until
work is completed. Appendix A has photos and descriptions of precontact material or deposits that
may be encountered. This list is not exhaustive but can be used as a general guide to better
understand the context for encountering precontact items of significance.
Based on the preceding background review, Drayton concludes that the project is located within
an area of moderate probability for historic-era or precontact cultural deposits, structures, or
isolated items. The project is situated in Renton which is heavily developed. No ethnographic or
precontact archaeological sites have been previously recorded in the project area. If cultural
resources were to be present in the project, they could be expected to be located near the present
ground surface, as review of the environmental context indicates little soil development has
occurred in the local area since the last glaciation. Types of cultural resources that may be
encountered in the project could include features representing a range of hunting, fishing, plant
gathering, and/or ceremonial activities. Activities associated with the development of Renton,
including, but not limited to, debris scatters or artifacts associated with commercial development,
construction of residences, transportation, or infrastructure are also likely.
This IDP outlines cultural resource oversight measures to ensure the proposed ground disturbance
complies with state laws protecting archaeological resources on private land. The plan describes
the steps and actions that must be taken in the event of an inadvertent discovery of any cultural
resources, including human remains, during excavation. Below is a list of tasks recommended and
necessary for completing the proposed work in accordance with regulatory mandates.
REGULATORY CONTEXT
The project is subject to the State Environmental Policy Act (SEPA). SEPA requires that impacts
on cultural resources be considered during the public environmental review process. Under SEPA,
the Washington State Department of Archaeology and Historic Preservation (DAHP) is the sole
agency with technical expertise regarding cultural resources and provides formal opinions to local
governments and other state agencies on a site’s significance and the impact of proposed projects
upon such sites. Washington State law provides for the protection of all archaeological resources
under RCW Chapter 27.53, Archaeological Sites and Resources, which prohibits the unauthorized
removal, theft, and/or destruction of archaeological resources and sites. This statute also provides
for prosecution and financial penalties covering consultation and the recovery of archaeological
resources. Additional legal oversight is provided for Indian burials and grave offerings under RCW
Chapter 27.44, Indian Graves and Records. RCW 27.44 states that the willful removal, mutilation,
defacing, and/or destruction of Indian burials constitute a Class C felony. A recent addition to
IDP for the Boeing Company’s Apron R, Crew Shelters and Tool Cabanas Project, Renton,
Washington
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Washington legal code, RCW 68.50.645, Notification, provides a strict process for the notification
of law enforcement and other interested parties in the event of the discovery of any human remains
regardless of perceived patrimony.
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Washington
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Figure 1. A portion of the Mercer Island (2023), WA 7.5’ USGS quad map of the project area.
IDP for the Boeing Company’s Apron R, Crew Shelters and Tool Cabanas Project, Renton,
Washington
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Figure 2. An aerial image illustrating the project area.
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Figure 3. Site plan, courtesy of the client.
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Figure 4. Site plan, courtesy of the client.
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Figure 5. Site plan, courtesy of the client.
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Washington
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IDP PROVISIONS AND METHODOLOGY:
1 Inadvertent Discovery Plan
The Parties of this proposed work, for the purposes of activities under the IDP are your
firm, any subcontractors, and the DAHP, collectively referred to as the ‘Parties’ below.
The following inadvertent discovery procedures are intended to act as a guide if heretofore
unknown cultural resources are encountered during the work.
1.1 If any contractor or subcontractor believes that they have uncovered any cultural
deposits, artifacts, or unidentified mammalian bone at any point during work, all
activities adjacent to that discovery shall cease for inspection. If archaeological
materials are located, the crew supervisor shall contact Drayton’s principal investigator
or project manager. The Drayton principal or project manager will notify the Parties
that archaeological materials have been located. Should those materials be determined
intact (primary deposition and retaining scientific and/or cultural significance) and
disturbance would require continued work, damage mitigation would be necessary. The
procedures for mitigation would be discussed and agreed upon under an Emergency
Site Disturbance and Excavation Permit through the DAHP, under RCW 27.53. A
cultural resource discovery could be precontact or historic and could consist of, but not
limited to:
▪ archaeological strata or facies of shell or other anthropogenic soils,
▪ areas of charcoal or charcoal – stained soil and stones,
▪ stone tools or waste flakes (i.e., an arrowhead, or stone chips),
▪ bones, burned rocks, or other food-related materials in association with
stone tools or flakes,
▪ concentration(s) – cluster(s) of tin cans or bottles, logging or agricultural
equipment older than 50 years,
▪ structures or structural remains related to early clearing/farming in the
area.
1.2 To protect the integrity of discovery, the first protective step is ceasing all work in an
area of stoppage adequate to provide for the total security, protection, and integrity of
the resource. If site boundaries are not immediately discernible and a concerted effort
is needed to define the boundaries, and extent of the material, a halt to all project work
might be necessary. Vehicles, equipment, and unauthorized personnel will not be
permitted to traverse the discovery site. Work in the immediate area will not resume
until the treatment of the discovery has been completed following provisions for
treating archaeological or cultural material as set forth in this document and all parties
notified.
1.3 Where cultural resources are encountered during construction, but additional project
effects on the resources are not anticipated, construction may continue under
monitoring while documentation and assessment of the cultural resources proceed.
Work will continue to the extent that no additional impacts to resources can take place.
The total area of work stoppage will be adequate to provide for the security, protection,
and integrity of the discovery in accordance with Washington State Law. Construction
may continue at the discovery location only after the process outlined in this plan is
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followed and the parties are satisfied adequate measures to secure or salvage the
archaeological data have been made.
1.4 Routine documentation of cultural material not threatened by project work should not
impact construction schedules. Where complex or extensive cultural remains are
encountered, the Drayton Principal will determine the appropriate level of
documentation and treatment of the resource after consultation with the DAHP and all
Parties. Material(s) determined to be of compromised integrity (disturbed) will be
inspected for human remains and/or formed artifacts. It is understood the removal of
intact human burials or interment features would require special provisions under a
DAHP permit.
1.5 Drayton will ensure the proper documentation and assessment of any encountered
intact cultural resource with input from all Parties. All precontact and historic cultural
material discovered during monitoring would be recorded by a Drayton archaeologist
to update the State of Washington cultural resource site form for any sites encountered.
Site overviews, features, and artifacts will be photographed; stratigraphic profiles and
soil/sediment descriptions will be prepared from subsurface exposures.
Shellfish/Feature/Soil samples would be collected and processed to determine the types
and quantity of constituents present. Discovery locations would be documented on
scaled site plans and site location maps.
1.6 If assessment activity exposes human remains (burials, isolated teeth, or bones) all
defined procedures outlined below will be followed (consistent with RCW 27.44.055
and RCWs 68.50; 68.60).
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Washington
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2 Special Procedures for the Inadvertent Discovery of Human Skeletal Material
Any human skeletal remains regardless of ethnic origin, which may be discovered during
this project, will always be treated with dignity and respect. In the event, any human
remains are discovered the crew supervisor will contact the Renton Police Department and
Dr. Guy Tasa immediately to initiate the determination process of whether the remains are
forensic (modern) or non-forensic (archaeological). Work will cease until all parties are
afforded the opportunity to comment and consult Dr. Tasa at DAHP. The treatment of
human skeletal remains and/or funerary items will follow mandates of the Revised Codes
of Washington (RCW) Chapter 27.44; 68.50; 68.60 and the procedures outlined below.
The removal of human remains will be avoided by all means possible. Regardless, if human
remains are encountered the following procedures will take place in accordance with the
Revised Codes of Washington (RCW) Chapter 27.44.055, 68.50, and 68.60:
3.1. All persons who know of the existence and location of human remains must, by law,
notify the county coroner and local law enforcement. This must be done in the most
expeditious manner possible (RCW 27.44; 68.50; 68.60).
3.2. Any person engaging in ground disturbing activity that encounters skeletal human
remains must cease all activity that may cause further disturbance to the remains,
make a reasonable effort to protect the area from further disturbance, report the
presence and location of those remains to the coroner and local law enforcement
(RCW 27.44; 68.50; 68.60).
3.3. The county coroner will assume jurisdiction over the human skeletal remains and make
a determination of whether those remains are forensic or non-forensic (RCW 27.44;
68.50; 68.60).
3.4. If the county coroner determines the remains are non-forensic (not a crime scene), then
the Department of Archaeology and Historic Preservation will take jurisdiction over
the remains (RCW 27.44; 68.50; 68.60).
3.5. The State Physical Anthropologist will make a determination of whether the remains
are Indian or Non-Indian and report that finding to the affected parties (RCW 27.44;
68.50; 68.60).
3.6. The DAHP, in concert with the proponents and County, will manage all consultation
with the affected parties as to the future preservation, excavation, and/or disposition of
the remains.
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Washington
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Please let me know if there are any questions, comments, or additions to this plan at any time.
Kind Regards,
Alex L. Berry, M.A., Senior Archaeologist
Drayton Archaeology
Cc: Stephanie Jolivette, Government State Archaeologist, DAHP
Laura Murphy, Tribal Historic Preservation Officer (THPO), Muckleshoot Indian Tribe
Nancy Sackman, Cultural Preservation Officer, Duwamish Indian Tribe
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CONTACT LIST:
The primary contacts of each party are as identified below:
Renton Police Department, (425) 430-7500 (do not use 911)
Garth Baldwin, Drayton Archaeology, (360) 739-3921
Serafina Allen, Drayton Archaeology, (509) 594-6858
Guy Tasa, State Physical Anthropologist, (360) 586-3535, Cell: (360) 790-1633
Stephanie Jolivette, State Archaeologist, (360) 628-2755
Laura Murphy, THPO, Muckleshoot Indian Tribe, (253) 876-3272
Nancy Sackman, Cultural Preservation Officer, Duwamish Indian Tribe, (206) 431-1582
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Washington
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APPENDIX A: DESCRIPTION OF CULTURAL MATERIALS & DEPOSITS
Archaeological strata or facies of shell or other anthropogenic soils :
Test unit with intact shell midden seen in the wall.
Anthropogenic soils, or
anthrosoils, are soils that
have been influenced,
modified, or created by
human activity.
Shell Midden: A shell
midden is primarily an
accumulation or deposit of
marine or freshwater
invertebrate shell; however,
other items such as artifacts
and bone can be found
preserved within them. Shell
is composed mostly of
calcium carbonate and when
deposited it impacts the
surrounding soil, including
the matrices therein. This
increases the alkalinity of
these sediments creating an
environment that preserves
bone (Stein 1992).
This can mean intact,
diffuse, and/ or disturbed
shell midden.
Intact shell midden: Intact
midden is typically
fragmented or complete
shell stacked on each other.
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Washington
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Example of Intact shell midden deposits.
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Washington
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Types shell species:
Native shellfish in Puget Sound are diverse, both in terms of species and in the ways that they use
nearshore ecosystems. There are many native species of invertebrates. This list is not extensive;
however, these are some of the species commonly documented in shell middens.
Pacific Littleneck Clam
(Leukoma Staminea)
Butter Clam
(Saxidomus gigantea)
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Basket cockle
(Clinocardium nuttallii)
Bent nosed clam
(Macoma nasuta)
Whitecap limpet
(Acmaea mitra)
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Washington
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Blue mussel
(Mytilus edulis)
Olympia oyster
(Ostrea lurida)
Horse clam
(Tresus capax)
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Washington
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Areas of charcoal or charcoal–stained soil and stones,
Charcoal – anything burned. Dark staining or charcoal is usually anthropogenic in origin but make
sure the context also contains burned rock or bone that might mean cultural as opposed to
environmental, i.e., from a ground fire burning surface pieces of wood that then get buried later in
time.
Bone and stone tools or waste flakes (i.e., a projectile point, or stone chips)
Northwest Coast First Nations people made significant use of stone and the bones and antlers of
deer and elk, as well as the bones of sea mammals, bear, certain birds, and other land mammals.
Bones provided raw material for awls, pins, needles, and numerous other items. Various sizes and
types of tools indicate a range of uses. Pins helped hold in place garments whereas awls could be
used to punch holes in hides and make baskets. Antler could be used for several items. Beveled on
one side, wedges could be used to split planks and hollow out canoes. Instead of being discarded
after being cut from the antler, tines, often became ornaments or pendants.
Stone cores are defined as a scarred center resulting from the detachment of one or more flakes
from a lump of source material or tool stone, this is usually done by using a hard hammer object.
Flakes are defined as having sharp edges and at least one additional flake attribute (e.g. bulb of
percussion, errailure scars, platform, etc.). Flaked stone is defined as stone material with the
detachment of one or two flakes from the primary body.
The list below is not exhaustive but it is a start for recognizing materials observed within shell
midden contexts.
Bone pins
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Ulna awl
Harpoon point
Stone cores
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Washington
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Abraders
Projectile points
Stone flakes
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Bones, burned rocks, or other food-related materials in association with stone
tools or flakes,
Fire modified rock (FMR) (also known as: fire altered rock, fire cracked rock, thermally altered
rock, etc.) is often found near or used in hearth features. Rocks were often heated or boiled for
cooking.
Fire modified rock (FMR)
Mammalian bone fragments