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HomeMy WebLinkAboutWTR2703531CITY OF RENTON Lake Washi --& on 9a,levara. Hawks Landing Storm and Water System Im x ent in Hydrologic/Hydraulic Analysis APRIL 2010 Gray & Osbome #09583 Grail 8z Osborne, Iivc. CONSULTING Lake Washington Blvd Hawks Landing Hydrologic/Hydraulic Analysis Table of Contents Introduction.......................................................................................................1 HydrologicModeling.........................................................................................1 Hydrologic Modeling Components..............................................................1 BasinDelineation..................................................................................1 Hydrologic Modeling Assumptions.......................................................2 Hydrologic Modeling Results.......................................................................4 Detention Requirements..............................................................................5 HydraulicModeling...........................................................................................6 Hydraulic Modeling Components................................................................6 Hydraulic Modeling Scenarios.....................................................................7 Hydraulic Modeling Results.........................................................................8 WaterQuality..................................................................................................10 Water Quality Modeling Components.......................................................10 Water Quality Treatment Facility Alternatives...........................................11 Biofiltration Swale................................................................................11 Wetva u I t...............................................................................................12 StormFilter...........................................................................................12 Filterra..................................................................................................13 RainGarden........................................................................................13 Additional Water Quality Treatment Facilities....................................14 Treatment Facility Costs............................................................................14 GRAY & OSBORNE, INC 1 APRIL 13, 2010 Recommendations.........................................................................................15 GRAY & OSBORNE, INC. 11 APRIL 13, 2010 Lake Washington Blvd Hawks Landing Hydrologic/Hydraulic Analysis List of Tables Table 1 — Basin Land Use Coverages..........................................3 Table 2 — Model Area Inputs Based Upon Land Use Coverage.3 Table 3 — Peak Flows for the 2 through 100-Year Storms ..........5 Table 4 — Threshold Discharge Area Inputs Based Upon Land Use Coverage................................................................5 Table 5 — Peak Flows for the 2 through 100-Year Storms for the Threshold Discharge Area..........................................6 Table 6 — Modeling Results for Existing Conditions .....................9 Table 7 — Modeling Results under Future Conditions..................9 Table 8 — Freeboard Results.......................................................10 Table 9 — Water Quality Related Impervious Area.....................11 Table 10 —Rain Garden Plants...................................................14 Table 11 — Water Quality Treatment Facility Costs ...................15 List of Figures After Page Figure1 — Vicinity Map................................................................................2 Figure 2 — Basin Map and Existing Land Use............................................2 Figure 3 — Future Land Use........................................................................2 Figure 4 - Model Input Map.........................................................................4 Figure 5 — Recommended Treatment Alternative....................................15 GRAY & OSBORNE, INC. III APRIL 13, 2010 Lake Washington Blvd Hawks Landing Hydrologic/Hydraulic Analysis List of Appendices Appendix A — Basin Figure from the Environmental Assessment for the I-405/NE 44!' St. Interchange Project Appendix B - Soil Map from USDA Appendix C —1995 FEMA King County Flood Insurance Study Information Appendix D — KCRTS Input and Output Files Appendix E — Digital XP-SWMM Modeling Files GRAY & OSBORNE, INC. IV APRIL 13, 2010 Lake Washington Blvd Hawks Landing storm and Water Improvement Project Hydrologic/Hydraulic Analysis The project is located along Lake Washington Blvd. North, west of 1-405 near the vicinity of Exit 7 (see Figure 1). The major storm drainage system in this area consists of a depression located just north of the proposed Hawk's Landing development site which collects runoff from 1-405. From this depression, a 24" pipe conveys stormwater to a ditch along the east side of Lake Washington Blvd North. The ditch continues for approximately 500 LF to an existing 24-inch pipe that discharges directly into May Creek, approximately 1,100 feet upstream of the creek's discharge into Lake Washington. The City of Renton has been provided funding to complete the curb, gutter, and sidewalk along the east side of Lake Washington Blvd. North in this vicinity. The following analysis of the drainage system within this area includes the hydrologic and hydraulic modeling of both the existing and future land use scenarios. It also includes the preliminary design of the pipe alignment which will accommodate both revisions to the road and future development within the area. An analysis of water quality treatment alternatives is presented as well. Hydrologic Modeling Components Basin Delineation The first step in hydrologic modeling involves delineation of the drainage basins for the project area. The Hawk's Landing area was partially delineated in the January 2001 Draft Environmental Assessment Discipline Reports for the I- 405/NE 44th Street Interchange Project. (Associated Earth Sciences, January 2001, See Appendix A). This figure was used to assist with delineating the "Eastern 1-405 Basin". This basin collects runoff from the northbound lanes of I- 405 and NE 44t' St. The "Western 1-405 Basin" encompasses runoff from the proposed Hawk's Landing development and runoff from Lake Wa. Blvd. N. Land use for the basins was obtained from an existing Bush Roed Hitchings survey and the proposed development plans for Hawk's Landing as provided by Sound Development Group. APRIL 13, 2010 Project Loc CITY OF RENTON Lake Wa. Blvd. Hawk's Landing Storm and Water Improvements Project Figure 1 Vicinity Map tzray ISLOsbOI'ne, jnc7. CONSULTING ENGNEERS The Eastern 1-405 drainage basin encompasses approximately 7.6 acres whereas the Western 1-405 drainage basin encompasses approximately 7.6 acres as well. Figures 2 and 3 depict the location of these basins. Hydrologic Modeling Assumptions The King County Runoff Time Series (KCRTS) model was used to determine peak flows in the basin for existing and future land use conditions. The input parameters used in the KCRTS model include soil information, a rainfall scale factor based upon project location, and the amount of pervious and impervious area located within the basin. The KCRTS software program then takes these parameters and combines them with over 40 years of rainfall data to produce hydrographs displaying flow rates represented for a number of storm events ranging from the 6-month storm to the 100-year storm event for each particular basin. The input parameters used in the KCRTS modeling analysis are as follows: Soils Outwash (as determined from the USDA's National Resource Conservation Service website; see Appendix B) Rainfall Sea-Tac Region with scale factor = 1.0 (2009 King County Surface Water Design Manual) Pervious/Impervious Areas The pervious and impervious areas for the Eastern 1-405 and Western 1-405 basins were derived from survey information and proposed development plans as indicated earlier. Table 1 presents the land use coverage used for each basin. Figures 2 and 3 represent these areas graphically. The Eastern 1-405 basin is expected to be unchanged between existing and future conditions. GRAY & OSBORNE, INC. 2 APRIL 13, 2010 Legend • CB Structures Stormwater Conveyance May Creek Eastern 1-405 Basin Western 1-405 Basin Pervious Forest Areas Pervious Grass areas N Parcel 0 75 150 300 Feet Western 1-405 Basin Total Acres: 7.6 Impervious Acres: 6.5 Pervious Grass Acres: 0.5 Pervious Forest Acres: 0.6 Outwash Soil a Eastern 1-405 Basin Total Acres: 7.6 Impervious Acres:3.3 �t Pervious Grass Acres:4.3 ,y Outwash Soil CITY OF RENTON Lake Washington Blvd. Hawk's Landing Storm and Water Improvements Project Figure 2 Basins and Existing Land Use CCNSMTNO ENGINEERS Lucilu Pervious Grass Areas QEastern 1-405 Basin Western 1-405 Basin Western ts:7. Basin Total Acres: 6 Future Building/Curb Line Impervious Acres:6.83 Pervious Grass Acres: 0.77 N Outwash Soil 0 75 150 300 Feet Note: Proposed development plans y r - - I r p P Y. P P �� ♦"V �' I y A rovided 6 Sound Development Group mbA— II II 1f r. • � V � 7 Eastern 1-405 Basin - Total Acres: 7.6 Impervious Acres: 3.3 Pervious Grass Acres: 4.3 Outwash Soil CITY OF RENTON Lake Wa. Blvd. Hawk's Landing Storm and Water Improvements Project 1 Figure 3 Future Land Use G■+r 8c Odaorre, Imo. Table 1 - Basin Current Land Use Land Use Coverages Effective Impervious Outwash Forest• Outwash Basin . East 1-405 3.3 4.3 7.6 West 1-405 6.5 0.6 0.5 7.6 Land Use Total: 9.8 0.6 4.8 15.2 Future Land Use East 1-405 3.3 4.3 7.6 West 1-405 6.83 0.77 7.6 Land Use Total: 10.13 0.0 5.07 15.2 The nodes selected for hydrologic and hydraulic modeling are shown in Figure 4. Table 2 shows the drainage basins flowing to each node, and summarizes the land use and areas for each node. Node N1 represents the Eastern 1-405 basin and Node N2 represents the Western 1-405 basin. Table..Upon Land Use Coverage Effective Outwash Outwash Basin Impervious ForestTotal Current Land Use Node N1 3.3 4.3 7.6 (East 1-405 Node N2 6.5 0.6 0.5 7.6 West 1-405 Land Use Total: 9.8 0.6 4.8 15.2 Future Land Use Node N1 3.3 4.3 7.6 East 1-405 Node N2 6.83 0.77 7.6 West 1-405 Land Use Total: 10.13 0.0 5.07 15.2 Downstream Backwater Condition: All hydraulic scenarios were modeled using the backwater conditions in May Creek which discharges to Lake Washington approximately 1,100 feet from the project's discharge site. This creek collects runoff from a large basin within the north portion of the city limits. Backwater elevations for the hydraulic modeling were obtained from the August 2002 Otak Technical Information Report entitled "Barbee Mill Preliminary Plat", as provided by the City. Cross section "D" was the backwater location selected from the May 1995 FEMA King County Flood Insurance Study located at the GRAY & OSBORNE, INC. 3 APRIL 13, 2010 M 30,G2 --30. 5R 3► �� Zq,y3 �8 5 F"rk ( cs K-, - 4 4.5v 3K-. aD 31.66 32.0-0 Jl ISo 21.50 } us-fo �.50 C"V� lztq 33.05 $a4 —G,v' Qftkw JVS7 A N C Legend Eastern 1-405 Basin Modeled 24" Stormwater Line Input Node Modeled 12" Stormwater Line Modeled Node/Manhole Western 1-405 Basin j Input Node QEastern 1-405 Basin N Western 1-405 Basin N 0 50 100 200 Feet i N3 3 N4 U1 N5 N6 f N7 Discharge Location CITY OF RENTON Lake Wa. Blvd. Hawk's Landing Storm and Water Improvements Project Figure 4 Model Input Gray &C Oaborne1� CONSULTING ENGINEERS intersection of May Creek and Lake Washington Blvd. North (see appendix C). The 100-year flood elevation obtained from this Study resulted in an elevation of 25.7 (NGVD 29 datum). Converting this into the NAVD 88 datum, the backwater elevation used for the 25-year and 100-year hydraulic models was 29.26 feet. Conservatively, since the 25-year flood elevation was not available, the 100-year flood elevation was used for the 25-year storm event. According to the Study, the 10-year flood elevation is approximately 25 (NGVD 29 datum) which converts to 28.56 with the NAVD 88 datum. Therefore, a backwater condition of 28.56 elevation was used for the 2-year and 10-year modeling scenarios since the 2- year flood elevation was not available. It should be noted that the elevation of Lake Washington fluctuates between winter and summer. The Army Corps of Engineers have documented summer elevation of the lake to be 18.8 feet NAVD88 and the winter elevation to be 16.8 feet NAVD88. It is presumed that the Flood Insurance Study took these varying elevations into consideration when obtaining the flood elevations of May Creek. Therefore, for the purpose of this hydraulic model, the 10-year flood elevation of 28.56 was used to set the backwater condition for the 2-year and 10-year storms and the 100-year flood elevation of 29.26 feet was used to set the backwater condition for the 25-year and 100-year modeling scenarios. Hydrologic Modeling Results The KCRTS model was run with 15-minute timesteps for each of the 2 input nodes under both existing and future land use conditions based upon input parameters stated earlier. From these modeling runs, hydrographs were extracted for a minimum 24-hour time period surrounding the peak flow for each basin corresponding to the 2-year, 10-year, 25-year and 100-year storm events. Table 3 shows the peak flows for each of these storm events under both the existing and future land use conditions. The data from these hydrographs were inserted as "gauged inflow" tables within designated nodes in the XP-SWMM hydraulic modeling program. GRAY & OSBORNE, INC. 4 APRIL 13, 2010 Table 3 — Peak Flows for the 2 through I 00-Year Storms 1 11 ._ak ._ak ._ak ._ ak Flow Flow• • ••- Current Land Use Node N1 1.57 2.13 3.03 4.21 East 1-405 Node N2 3.10 4.20 5.86 7.71 West 1-405 Total: 4.67 6.33 8.89 11.92 Future Land Use Node N1 1.57 2.13 3.03 4.21 East 1-405 Node N2 3.25 4.42 6.16 8.12 West 1-405 Total: 4.82 6.55 9.19 12.33 Detention Requirements A threshold discharge area represents the area of runoff collected and treated within a project. A threshold discharge area was delineated to assist with detention calculations. Table 4 depicts the land use within the site's threshold discharge area which encompasses the east half of Lake Washington Blvd. to the east side of the proposed sidewalk. Table 5 displays the results of the KCRTS derived flows for the threshold discharge area during the existing and developed conditions. Per the City's current standards, the site is located within a "Basic Flow Control Area" and requires a flow control duration standard. This standard allows the existing flows to match current land use conditions instead of forested conditions. GRAY & OSBORNE, INC. 5 APRIL 13, 2010 As seen in Table 5, the difference between the existing land use condition during a 100-year storm event (0.212 cfs) and the future land use condition during the same storm (0.305 cfs) is less than 0.1 cfs. Per the exceptions listed in Section 1.2.3.1.A of the manual, this project site is exempt from flow control restrictions due an increase of less than 0.1 cfs between the existing and developed 100- year storm events. Hydraulic Modeling Components Once the hydrologic flows were determined, the flows were routed through a hydraulic model. The hydraulic model provides flow and water elevation at representative nodes, and is used to determine when the storm flows are contained in the pipe system and when overflow occurs. The existing Bush Roed Hitchings survey was utilized to determine the storm system in the Hawk's landing area to obtain elevation and location information to use in the hydraulic model. The survey information was then input into the hydraulic routing software program known as XP-SWMM, which uses the EPA SWMM engine for modeling. The surveyed information includes pipe lengths, pipe diameter, rim elevations and invert elevations and is shown in Tables 6 and 7. With pipe information placed into the modeling program, XP-SWMM was then used to route the current and future storm flows obtained from the KCRTS model shown in Table 6. Figure 4 depicts a schematic of the hydraulic model for the existing system. Each "node" represents a manhole. Only 2 of the manholes were chosen as "input nodes." These nodes are depicted in Figure 4 as "N1" and "N2." Hydrographs were extracted from the KCRTS program, converted to a recognizable file format, and were then attached to each input node in XP- SWMM. GRAY & OSBORNE, INC. 6 APRIL 13, 2010 Hydraulic Modeling Scenarios With extracted KCRTS hydrographs attached to the designated input nodes, the XP-SWMM program routed the flows from the hydrographs through the surveyed pipe information to help determine where pipes surcharge under various storm events. The model was prepared under both existing and future conditions as described below. The existing upstream and downstream pipe system and a new 24" pipe replacing the existing ditch was modeled using existing land use conditions in the two basins. This scenario was modeled with the 2-year, 10-year, 25-year and 100-year storm events using flows generated in KCRTS. The existing upstream and downstream pipe system and a new 24" pipe replacing the existing ditch were modeled using future land use conditions. This run was done for the 2-year, 10-year, 25-year and 100-year storm events using flows generated in KCRTS. The 100-year storm event was modeled for the future land use scenario to ensure that flooding would not occur on the surface. GRAY & OSBORNE, INC. 7 APRIL 13, 2010 Hydraulic Modeling Results Modeling results for Scenarios 1 and 2 (existing upstream and downstream pipes with a new 24" pipe under existing and future land use) can be found in the summaries provided in Tables 6 and 7. GRAY & OSBORNE, INC. 8 APRIL 13, 2010 Table 6 - Modeling Results for Existing Conditions Upstream Node Upstream Rim Elev ft Downstream Node Downstream Rim Elev. ft Conduit Name Pipe Diameter in. Pipe Length ft Upstream IE Downstream IE Sloe Pipe Design Capacity cfs 2-Year Existing Flow cfs 10-Year Existing Flow cfs 25-Year Existing Flow cfs 100-Year Existing Flow cfs U1 32.0 U2 35.64 U1-U2 12 37 29.64 29.24 1.080% 3.70 0.00 0.00 0.12 0.11 U2 35.64 N1 34.27 U2-N1 12 151 29.24 26.77 1.640% 4.56 0.00 0.00 0.23 0.22 N1 34.27 N2 44.50 N1-N2 24 1 132 26.77 1 26.75 0.016% 2.86 4.62 2.13 3.12 4.28 N2 44.50 N3 38.00 N2-N3 24 150 26.75 26.72 0.020% 3.19 4.66 5.74 8.76 11.76 N3 38.00 N4 31.6 N3-N4 24 186 26.72 26.68 0.020% 3.19 4.64 5.75 8.80 11.79 N4 31.6 N5 31.5 N4-N5 24 145 26.68 26.65 0.020% 3.19 4.71 5.71 8.78 11.78 N5 31.5 N6 32.56 N5-N6 24 255 26.65 26.63 0.009% 2.13 4.71 5.77 8.81 11.80 N6 32.56 N7 32.56 N6-N7 24 50 26.63 26.50 0.260% 10.7 4.71 5.78 8.82 11.80 1 Source: Tables E1, E9, E10 and E16 of XP-SWMM output files "Hawks Landing Existing 2.out, Hawks Landing Existing 10.out, etc. located in digital files in the appendices. Table 7 - Modeling Results under Future Conditions Upstream Node Upstream Rim Elev ft Downstream Node Downstream Rim Elev. ft Conduit Name Pipe Diameter in. Pipe Length ft Upstream IE Downstream IE Sloe Pipe Design Capacity cfs 2-Year Existing Flow cfs 10-Year Existing Flow cfs 25-Year Existing Flow cfs 100-Year Existing Flow cfs U1 32.0 U2 35.64 U1-U2 12 37 29.64 29.24 1.080% 3.70 0.00 0.00 0.12 0.10 U2 35.64 N1 34.27 U2-N1 12 151 29.24 26.77 1.640% 4.56 0.00 0.00 0.22 0.21 N1 34.27 N2 44.50 N1-N2 24 132 1 26.77 26.75 0.016% 2.86 1 1.56 2.13 3.12 4.27 N2 44.50 N3 38.00 N2-N3 24 150 26.75 26.72 0.020% 3.19 4.77 5.96 9.06 12.16 N3 38.00 N4 31.6 N3-N4 24 186 26.72 26.68 0.020% 3.19 4.81 5.96 9.10 12.19 N4 31.6 N5 31.5 N4-N5 24 145 26.68 26.65 0.020% 3.19 4.78 5.96 9.08 12.17 N5 31.5 N6 32.56 N5-N6 24 255 26.65 26.63 0.009% 2.13 4.86 5.99 9.12 12.22 N6 32.56 N7 32.56 N6-N7 24 50 26.63 26.50 0.260% 10.7 4.86 5.99 9.12 12.22 1 Source: Tables E1, E9, E10 and E16 of XP-SWMM output files "Hawks Landing Future 2.out, Hawks Landing Future 10.out, etc. located in digital files in the appendices. GRAY & OSBORNE, INC. 9 APRIL 13, 2010 Peak modeled flows seen in the pipes under the existing land use condition for the 100-year storm varied between 0.1 cubic feet per second (cfs) on the upstream 12-inch pipes (Nodes U1 and U2) to 11.8 cfs in the 24-inch pipe at the downstream end near May Creek (Node N7). Likewise, peak future flows varied between 0.1 cfs near the upstream nodes (Nodes U1 and 1.12) to 12.2 cfs in the 24-inch pipe downstream. Minimal flows were shown in the upstream nodes due to the fact that the flow for the Eastern 1-405 Basin was input downstream into Node N1. The upstream pipes were placed in the model to monitor the effect on the hydraulic grade line upstream of the project. As shown in Tables 6 and 7, a slight increase in flow occurred between the existing and future land use scenarios. This is due to a slight increase in effective impervious area from 64.4% (9.8 ac/15.2 ac) under current conditions to 66.6% (10.13 ac/15.2 ac) underfuture conditions. As depicted in Tables 6 and 7, most of the pipes experience flow beyond their capacity. However, due to the depth of the pipe and storage available within the manholes, no surcharging was experienced between the existing and future model scenarios. Table 8 displays the amount of freeboard available under each scenario. Table 8 — Freeboard Results _Node Freeboard Available Existing Conditions 2- 10- Year Year until Flooding 25- Year Occurs 100- Year (ft) Future Conditions 2- Year 10- Year 25- Year 100- Year The elevations of nodes N2 through N5 should be verified with actual design plans to ensure flooding is not experienced during the 25-year and 100-year storm events. Water Quality Modeling Components To assist in determining water quality alternatives available for this project, the water quality flow was calculated using the KCRTS modeling software based on the impervious surfaces shown in Table 9. GRAY & OSBORNE, INC. 10 APRIL 13, 2010 Pollution Generating 18,470 19,950 1,480" Impervious Surfaces (i.e. road): Non -Pollution Generating 0 7,450 7,450 Impervious Surfaces (i.e. sidewalk Total New Impervious Surface 8,930 1. Area used to determine the water quality treatment flow rate. Based on the Surface Water Design Manual, the project qualifies for the Basic Water Quality Menu however, the Manual states that the threshold to treat new and replaced impervious pollution generating impervious surfaces is 5,000 sf. Based upon page 1-4 and Chapter 1.2.8 of the City's Amendments to the Manual, utility trenches and overlay projects are not included in the "replaced impervious surfaces" definition. Therefore, the overlay and trench areas for this project do not need to be treated. With this exemption and since this project is creating 1,480 sf of new impervious surface which is below the water quality requirement threshold, the project does not need to incorporate water quality treatment. However, the City is interested in utilizing the 10' x 160' planter strip area north of the bridge to incorporate a water quality facility. Based upon the availability of this area, a number of alternatives were evaluated. Water Quality Treatment Facility Alternatives Biofiltration Swale A biofiltration swale is one alternative to treating water quality for the project area. The project site is bound by the minimal slope available between the existing conveyance systems (0.008% slope). Since the slope is less than one percent and the groundwater is high (S&EE, January 2010), the Design Manual states that only a "wet biofiltration Swale" should be considered. A wet biofiltration swale includes a ditch with vegetation appropriate for saturated conditions. The biofiltration Swale would be located just south of the southern entrance to Hawk's Landing (Node 5 in Figure 4) and would extend to the north end of the existing 24" culvert that discharges to May Creek (Node 6 in Figure 4). This is a distance of approximately 160 lineal feet which meets the minimum required length of 100 feet needed for a bioswale. The biofiltration swale would need to have a minimum bottom width of 2 feet and side slopes of 3:1 for the water quality depth of 4". Above 4", the bioswale can have slopes of 2:1. Since the swale would be a "wet biofiltration" swale with an allowable maximum depth of 4", a bypass would be necessary for high flows so a flow splitter manhole would be installed at Node 5 so that only the water quality flow to be treated would flow through the Swale while the remaining flow would be conveyed through a 24" pipe GRAY & OSBORNE, INC. 11 APRIL 13, 2010 elsewhere. The two conveyance systems would connect at a new manhole installed at Node 6 (north end of the existing 24" culvert). The advantage to a biofiltration swale is that it is relatively low maintenance and provides an economic cost alternative in comparison to manufactured or cast -in - place systems. Wetvault A wetvault is a concrete vault that treats runoff by removing harmful particulates through settling. The wetvault can be combined with an oil water separator to increase water quality treatment. Beginning with the available water quality facility area to work with (i.e. 10' x 160' planter strip), per the Design Manual, the area of runoff to be treated in a vault that is 10' wide by 160' long x 8' deep would equate to approximately 10,000 square feet or 0.23 acres. This was calculated using three times the runoff estimated for the mean annual storm of 0.47" as determined from Figure 6.4.1.A in the Design Manual. Similar to the wet biofiltration swale, only the water quality storm would be diverted to the vault while the remaining runoff would be conveyed in a 24" pipe elsewhere. A flow splitter manhole would be used to divert the flow. The advantage to a wetvault is that access for maintenance is easily provided. However, the wetvault consumes a large territory underground, is costly to install as a pre -cast or cast -in -place vault, it tends to not be as effective with pollutant removal rates and may need to be maintained more than other water quality alternatives. StormFilter The StormFilter cartridge is a media based filter that removes polluted particulates from runoff and is typically housed in a vault or catch basin. The media within the cartridge may consist of leaf compost, perlite, zeolite, activated carbon or a combination thereof. StormFilter manufactures individual catchbasin filters that could discharge into the trunk line. Each catchbasin would provide for both collection and treatment of road runoff. The exact location of these catchbasins will be determined by the final road design layout. If five StormFilter units were used, treating approximately 0.02 cfs per unit, an area of approximately 0.6 acres of runoff could be treated. Maintenance associated with the StormFilter typically consists of inspecting the cartridges once a year and replacing the media cartridge if necessary. This can be costly however, the StormFilter is advantageous due to its efficient removal rates which may exceed those presented by other water quality alternatives. It also requires less space than a bioswale and wetvault. GRAY & OSBORNE, INC. 12 APRIL 13, 2010 Filterra The Filterra is a stormwater biofiltration system that filters polluted particulates through a specially designed filter media mixture. The Filterra unit is installed along the curbside and houses landscaping items such as a small tree. The tree is installed within a 4' x 4' concrete box that contains the filter media which is used to filter pollutants such as petroleum, heavy metals, TSS, bacteria, and phosphorus. The clean, filtered water then flows through a drain at the bottom of the concrete box and discharges to a stormwater conveyance system. The Filterra unit has been given a General Use Level Designation by the Washington State Department of Ecology with the provision that the Filterra unit processes a minimum of 91 % of the influent runoff being collected. Using DOE's WWHM3 modeling software, modeling results reveal that this project would require five 4' x 4' Filterra units to treat the 19,950 square feet (0.46 acres) of impervious surface flowing to the units. The Filterra unit would also need an overflow catch basin just downstream from the Filterra unit so as to provide an overflow bypass for large storm events. Maintenance associated with the Filterra unit typically consists of inspecting the units once to twice a year which may then lead to removal of trash and debris as well as the upper layer of mulch. Approximately 3-4 bags of mulch would be needed to maintain the unit. Like the StormFilter, the Filterra unit may be advantageous due to its efficient removal rates which may exceed those presented by other water quality alternatives. Likewise, it requires less space than a bioswale and wetvault. However, it should be noted that the City has not approved Filterra units within their 2009 Amendments to the King County Surface Water Design Manual and would require a variance if used. Rain Garden The City has adopted rain garden standards in Section 6.7.1 of the Amendments to the 2009 King County Surface Water Design Manual. In reviewing these standards, the area available for a water quality treatment facility (i.e. 10' x 160' just north of the bridge) can be utilized to treat approximately 2,700 sf which equates to the road runoff area betweens Node 4 and 5 in Figure 4. The rain garden would consist of 18" of amended soil which would consist of an imported sand with compost mixed in. Above the amended soil, a six inch ponding depth would be available for runoff diverted from the road. An overflow riser would be located at the top of this ponding depth and connected into the 24" conveyance system. A rain garden measuring 140' in length with a bottom width was modeled in WWHM per City standards. Due to the available area's narrow width, the pond was modeled using 1.5:1 side slopes to give it a top width of 9.5'. Using the NRCS soils shown in Appendix B, a short term infiltration rate of 1 in/hr was input into WWHM. Since the side slopes were greater than 2:1, the wetted surface of the slopes could not be modeled for infiltration. With this input, the WWHM model revealed that 100% of the runoff from the 2,700 square foot area could be infiltrated through the bottom of the rain garden. The City's standards state that a rain garden should have a minimum 3' separation between the GRAY & OSBORNE, INC. 13 APRIL 13, 2010 groundwater table and the bottom of the pond unless there is less than 5,000 square feet of impervious surface flowing to the pond. If less than 5,000 square feet is flowing to the area, a minimum separation of 1' is allowed. Based on the groundwater elevations determined from the Geotechnical Report for this project, it is recommended that the City diverts less than 5,000 square feet of impervious area to the rain garden. It is necessary that the rain garden be planted with plants that can sustain being saturated while also tolerating drought conditions. Table 10 depicts which plants may be utilized within the rain garden to meet these conditions. Table i - Rain Garden Plants Common Name Spacing(On Center) Western mannagrass Seed Velvetgrass Seed Shortawn foxtail Seed Water foxtail Seed Spike rush 4 inches Slough sedge 6 inches or seed Sawbeak sedge 6 inches Sedge 6 inches Slender rush 6 inches Water parsley 6 inches Hardstem bulrush 6 inches Watercress 12 inches Small -fruited bulrush 12 inches Maintenance for rain gardens include checking them annually to ensure the overflow is free of debris and in good working condition. Erosion channels or bare spots within the garden shall be stabilized with soil, plants, or mulch. Any dead vegetation should be replaced and noxious vegetation shall be removed immediately. Additional Water Quality Treatment Facilities Numerous other water quality treatment facilities exist but are not applicable to this project. A sand filter is high in maintenance and is not recommended for this area. Inadequate space is available for a filter strip, wetpond, or a wetland. So based on particular site constraints, these water quality treatment alternatives were not considered. Treatment Facility Costs The costs associated with the identified water quality alternatives are listed in Table 11. The costs listed are approximate installation costs. GRAY & OSBORNE, INC. 14 APRIL 13, 2010 QualityTable 11 - Water Approximate Installation maintenance Cost Cost Wetvault $60,000 Medium Filterra $65,000 Medium StormFilter $10,000 (1 cartridge) High $50,000 5 cartridges) Wet Biofiltration Swale $20,000 Low Rain Garden $10,000 Low For hydraulics, a 24-inch pipe in front of the new Hawk's Landing Development would meet the City's criteria of preventing flooding during either a 25-year storm event or a 100-year storm event under future conditions. For water quality treatment, using the preferred water quality facility area, it is recommended that the City install a wet bioswale. The bioswale would treat the road runoff collection area just north of the bioswale and would provide the City an economical option both in terms of installation and future maintenance. Likewise, if space becomes limited, it is recommended that the City use a single StormFilter catch basin toward the south end of the project site (see Figure 5). The StormFilter provides a relatively economic option while minimizing the amount of property needed. It is also likely to provide a high efficiency removal rate for pollutants coming from Lake Washington Blvd. GRAY & OSBORNE, INC. 15 APRIL 13, 2010 0 PROPOSED 400p 24" STORM PIPE ys�.ic r ,�� �•,-- • � /\i'�%/x^�,� ,try I 140' WET BIOSWALE SINGLE / (Option 1) )^ STORMFILTER (Option 2) I +m� SCALE: 1"=80' CITY OF RENTON LAKE WASHINGTON BLVD HAWKS LANDING STORM AND WATER IMPROVEMENTS PROJECT �7ray �c �eliorne, Ir CONOMTMO OR101MRs APPENDIXA BASIN FIGURE FROM THE ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT FOR THE 1-405/NE 44T" ST. INTERCHANGE PROJECT GRAY & OSBORNE, INC. 1 FEBRUARY 26, 2010 II GYPSY SU8-BASIN IDRAINAG� / ' � \�13� � � A _ IXISTING C RCUU,RtESIDENTUL 1 ■ � rrr •r:v �� i Y�•Iq APPROXIMATE EXTENT OF FORMAL WETLAND DELINEATION LEGEND EXISTING RESIDENTIAL LAND USE Cx STING ROAD ® GTPSY SUBBASIN VIA 44TH ST12RNWATER POND ® GYPSY SUBBASIN MAY CREEK SUBBASIN DIRECTION OF FLOW REFERENCE: HUGH G. GOLDSMITH & ASSOCIATES. EXISTING DRAINAGE PATTERNS AND SENSITIVE AREAS FIGURE 33 1-405RJE 44TH STREET INTERCHANGE EA PROJECT NO. RENTON, WASHINGTON KBOO270A APPENDIX B SOIL MAP FROM USDA GRAY & OSBORNE, INC. 2 FEBRUARY 26, 2010 ❑� tKtD_JlwebsoiH+reY.ncs. usda.govjapp�1Va66a15t.wy,tlpa V' IIX� L:+e Sean�r: -. - P __..—.__------_- File Edt View Favortm Tools flab y Web Sd Suvey r' Page f Til K, J-1J sl #1J.4J eJ J Scalc W, King County Area, Washington (WA633) Map Unit Map Unit Name Acres in Percent of Symbol AOI AOI aqr Aldenvood gravelly 0.3 0.7-,, sandy loam, 6 to 15 percent slopes Bh Bellingham sift 1.6 3.71,1e loam InC Indianola loamy 0.3 0.7% fine sand, 4 to 15 percent slopes No Norma sandy loam 42.8 95.0% Totals for Area of Interest 45.1 100.0% Appendix B — NRCS Website map showing locations of soils WM r, ® lnternet *, Ini-ir - APPENDIXIC 1995 FEMA KING COUNTY FLOOD INSURANCE STUDY INFORMATION GRAY & OSBORNE, INC. 3 FEBRUARY 26, 2010 m STREET To determine it flood insurance is available, contact an insurance agent or call the National Flood Insurance Program at (800j 63&6620. 4 APPROXIMATE SCALE IN FEET 500 0 500 BEET F- CC Z w Z Q J CO CAMAS AVENU NORTHEAST STREET . w Q Q w L'J = Z F- g 0 In z 1 47030'00" 122011' 15" NATIONAL FLOOD INSURANCE PROGRAM FIRM FLOOD INSURANCE RATE MAP KING COUNTY, WASHINGTON AND INCORPORATED AREAS PANEL 664 OF 1725 (SEE MAP INDEX FOR PANELS NOT PRINTED) CONTAINS: COMMUNITY KING COUNTY. UNINCORPORATED AREAS RENTON. CITY OF NUMBER PANEL SUFFIX 530071 0664 F 530089 0664 F MAP NUMBER 53033CO664 F MAP REVISED: MAY 16,1995 Federal Emergency Management Agency Appendix B otak G 122011' 15" —� 47031'52" to f— J IW Q O 0- CC O U :X Z) O f— f— Z Z W L) ir O LL U O C7 \ } Z F- Y U I l "5 REET -TY �0 AREAS MNTON 530088 ZONE X ti A 4211 9 'o N O / LEGEND SPECIAL FLOOD HAZARD AREAS INUNDATED WIN BY 100-YEAR FLOOD ZONE A No base flood elevations determined. ZONE AE Base flood elevations determined. ZONE AH Flood depths of Ito 3 feet fusually areas of ponding); base flood elevations determined. ZONE AO Flood depths of I to 3 feet (usually sheet slow on sloping terrain); average depths determined. For areas of alluvial fan flooding, velocities also determined. ZONE A99 To be protected from 100-year flood by Federal (Mod protection system under construction; no base elevations determined. ZONE V Coastal flood with velocity hazard (wave action); no base flood elevations determined. ZONE VE Coastal flood with velocity hazard (wave action); base flood elevations determined. R FLOODWAY AREAS IN ZONE AE OTHER FLOOD AREAS ZONE X Areas of 500-year flood: areas of 100--year flood with average depths of less than I foot or with drainage areas less than t square mile; and areas protected by levees from 100-year flood. OTHER AREAS ZONE X Areas determined to be outside 500-year floodplam. ZONE D Areas in which flood hazards are undetermined. UNDEVELOPED COASTAL BARRIERS Identified Identified Otherwise 1983 1990 Protected Areas Coastal barrier areas are normally located within or adjacent to Special Flood Hazard Areas. Flood Boundary FModway Boundary Zone D Boundary Boundary Dividing SpeciFlood B Hazard Zones, and Boundary Dividing Areas of Different Coastal Base Flood Elevations Within Special Flood Hazard Zones. Base Flood Elevation Line; 513 Elevation in Feet. See Map Index for Elevation Datum. p Cross Section Line Base Flood Elevation in Feet (EL 987) Where Uniform Within Zone. See Map Index for Elevation Datum. RM7 X Elevation Reference Mark • M2 River Mile Horizontal Coordinates Based on Nora 97007'30". 32022"30" American Datum of I927 (NAD 27! Projection. NOTES This map is for use in administering the National Flood Insurance Program. it does not nec—r,t., inontifv all areas sahiect to floodino. Darticularly from local drainage Special Flood Coastal base f the effects of from those o.,aroa+inn ntanmmn Appendix B otak JOINS PANEL 0675 � ZONE X < a NCr LIMIT OF O I DETAILED STUDY N3N ti� ao5 Z ZONE X 1 > w 9 May Creek ZONE AE F � ~ G pO� N 40TH STREET RM210 ZONE X R o 0 ` � z F MEADOW tNE NORTH , -r OQ�j�P O w 47 NORTH 38TH STREET Z ' w w > z ¢ w z 2 NORTH 37TH STREET w 52 z NORTH 37TH STREET 0 a 0 z W � J W > NORTH 36TH STREET 32 �JQJ� NORTH 36TH STREET �1 z _ KIN, �0 NORTH 35TH STREET w a UNINCORI Q 6 3 0 a Q \ 64 C NORTH 34TH STREET B> z May NORTH 33RD PLACE w Creek m z 72 ZONE X NORTH 33RD STREET a w ZONE X ? M M NORTH 32ND STREET 77 ZONE NORTH 32ND STREET I w Z > NORTH ¢ 31ST STREET CV ` ZONE A Co CO ZONE X NORTH 30TH STREET NORTHEAST 30TH STREET = m ZF�y NORT Note: Datum = 1929 NGVD `2 Z Appendix B Scale: 1" = 500' otak FLOG INSUi STUD KING COUNTY, WASHINGTON AND INCORPORATED AREAS VOLUME 1 OF 3 COMMUNITY COMMUNITY NAME NUMBER AUBURN,CITY OF ........... 530073 BELLEVUE,CITY OF .......... 530074 BLACK DIAMOND,TOWN OF .... 530272 BURIEN,CITY OF ............ 530321 CARNATION,TOWN OF ....... 530076 DES MOINES,CITY OF ........ 530077 DUVALJOWN OF ........... 530282 ENUMCLAW,CITY OF ........ 530319 FEDERAL WAY,CITY OF....... 530322 ISSAOUAH,CITY OF ......... 530079 KENT,CITY OF ............. 530080 KING COUNTY, UNINCORPORATED AREAS .. 530071 KIRKLAND,CITY OF ........... 530081 LAKE FOREST PARK,CIT'Y OF ... 530082 NORMANDY PARK,CITY OF .... 530084 NORTH BEND,CITY OF ........ 530085 PACIFIC,CITY OF ........... 530086 REDMOND,CITY OF .......... 530087 RENTON,CITY OF ........... 530088 SEATLE,CITY OF ............ 530089 SEATAC.CITY OF . 530320 SKYKOMISH,TOWN OF ........ 530236 SNOQUALMIE,CITY OF ....... 530090 TUKWILA,CITY OF .......... 530091 WOODINVILLE, CITY OF 530324 REVISED: MAY 16,1995 Federal Emergency Management Agency o � 0 i Appendix B otak tia FLOODING SOURCE FLOODWAY BASE FLOOD WATER SURFACE ELEVATION DISTANCE WIDTH SECTION AREA MEAN VELOCITY REGULATORY WITHOUT WITH FLOODWAY FLOODWAY INCREASE CROSS SECTION (FEET) (SQUARE FEET) (FEET PER SECOND) (FEET NGVD) May Creek A 0.14 34 158 5.5 21.0 21.0 21.5 0.5 B 0.16 60 239 3.6 21.8 21.8 22.2 0.4 C 0.24 42 99 8.8 23.3 23.3 23.3 0.0 D 0.25 42 110 7.9 25.7 25.7 25.7 0.0 E 0.31 31 121 7.2 29.0 29.0 29.2 0.2 F 0.39 40 150 5.8 32.5 32.5 33.0 0.5 C 0.46 28 87 10.0 35.8 35.8 35.8 0.0 H 0.52 23 123 7.1 40.0 40.0 40.6 0.6 I 0.57 45 165 5.3 41.8 41.8 42.5 0.7 J 0.63 31 89 9.7 45.3 45.3 45.3 0.0 K 0.78 33 133 6.5 55.2 55.2 55.2 0.0 L 0.94 79 143 6.1 64.7 64.7 64.7 0.0 M 1.09 33 113 7.7 76.4 76.4 76.6 0.2 N 1.25 39 128 6.6 85.4 85.4 85.4 0.0 0 1.36 32 89 9.6 93.1 93.1 93.2 0.1 P 1.39 40 172 4.9 95.6 95.6 96.0 0.4 Q 1.41 33 90 9.5 95.8 95.8 95.8 0.0 R 1.42 33 ill 7.7 96.4 96.4 96.4 0.0 s 1.46 30 95 8.9 99.8 99.8 99.9 0.1 T 1.54 22 91 9.3 106.8 106.8 106.9 0.1 U 1.56 8 68 12.5 112.2 112.2 112.2 0.0 V 1.61 43 283 2.9 114.2 114.2 115.1 0.9 .W 1.74 27 81 9.9 120.9 120.9 120.9 0.0 X 1.83 38 170 4.8 125.0 125.0 125.7 0.7 Y 1.96 52 101 8.0 135.8 135.8 135.8 0.0 Z 2.02 42 130 6.3 140.4 140.4 140.5 0.1 iMiles Above Mouth T I FEDERAL EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT AGENCY B KING COUNTY, WA E AND INCORPORATED AREAS FLOODWAY DATA MAY CREEK 100 .,�.J.._... ,.{.l. }- j. ..� -fir• T _r r.•..:. � i 4- �-i.i � r- -t Jr � ++ - �.r -ra •-fir- r t- '<•{H' •i `r _ - t - ..���� +' _ + T - - y-t 1 1 700 ' ++ ...�.,I.- i1rL}i1f ; .!__ {-.- :-r�-,A $+•e•i. _•'-�j-}_JL_1.',r :.t 7a{}I- 'I r-} _ 4 �-j_ �'�� .. • (-a i. ^-� _ 90lf _ ' 0 -44 80 so ql­ Nr U 70 - {1•1 "' '.1� -!+ter T' a -"� i..17 t ;,�, I j I'�. .y _ T.+_�: -.� _ •� _ 70 O .;. _ f I Ia f 1 1 r FJ i.. �, t C .. ,.• .� tt f i'1 L:.•_� •..,_i-. I ,:.. . . . , �..... • .;. .. .. �a.:�' 1 i ., 4 l 1... f t 7T +' J _ir.: } ...t''.`_ .. _ 4.1 JC W_J. W =+. - y' .�.�.•r. I ..«t-• - •-+' •f-i- r F ,.) J. :i 11.,_ } -• i t .�.., 11. _ _ , - - i t J -r.a .. ... - 7 I ; *.i• fi 7� .�� I- � .,T ., f �. - tom. ,.� -i 1 .., j;.l-.j .. -, - Note: Datum ,: -f-t•- J '-,.J l_ = 1929 ..i... ._I NGVD _.. a.i.-� 1-.: -a�... __ 60 _ t+ a-.�--• y> 60 W y- .�-l..�. r I .., .,.-. .. �•.r'.. � I 7' -i _7 -.-•_L..4-r-F- -.- T "f..}.1 0 " _I. "::'�..:'. i I.. j "•�,-•i { fy-, ....T-. l.� � i L,�; - Lr1+ i 72 '+." ��..,. 40 T , _ ._ ..I�"•1 s-�- ! _ - •� -C_ I i.fi.j. -1- 7 o " It . i 1 F. + I i 14. 1 I I -;, _ly...: 11 1 1 I .. 1 ..� _ ; ..J yI J,1 '"t I i, i I .. A r !� a �:i_t:_ I �• .1.N•- _ +I- i.-� '1.."+j-•h i -} ill.. _Il i j�J-•ti '-t+•i.__-i.�..J1 { r - �'-�--- "'- _ 'a d J 4 .: 1- I 1 I•i. .{ 3" 't'.i- I, -{-1. �,' ..i ..,. ., _.. t.{. , y.•..l-! rl I -1 .,,. T-1- 1 {. i,.�..'.t.., a. "i {., _ i # li-I•. , 1 {. F W W 3 Q so 30 LEGEND+. 500 -YEAR FLOOD . IA .a i.. , I J I' I. r + rr.t I� i.i .{ I �,I 1 .�w .T .7 t.� i y _l'}. i '}� ." j-1� 1 r.i..'.1_: _ J J... r r.l i•=• - 11�..�.T._.I Q r F Z . .1_, /�' 1 t1 �•-r.�_ .{ Y1 I _ 44a I { ,'��I .t•� }•• 1 - 1..1-��J.100U i• Ti 1 'i i I_,.;•. l.. i,y� 4.. iµ'�'� 7 -YEAR FLOOD �Qs Z U u 20 - .• -•-r .I t I :. ��_ I i - JJ - 50-YEAR FLOOD - _ - - _ - _ 10 -YEAR FLOOD STREAM RED z 0 G7 O w Z Z ]C �.d .., -T -1-.. .' Lt. _ .{... •� r • 1 t_a.. _ ... , i.1 1 ! t .J .Jy J 1, F1 i . 3 . I �. I i...._ .. { I ., I.:: a. f.� 1 .., '1�, $ •r M' CROSS SECTION LOCATION W o ' 10 i - I i=' ra•.y,_—J�_._-._ _ .� •i•-r' If -+ — t — 70 W a 011 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 STREAM DISTANCE IN FEET ABOVE MOUTH • Appeodota 109P otk APPENDIX D KCRTS INPUT AND OUTPUT FILES GRAY & OSBORNE, INC. 4 FEBRUARY 26, 2010 LWsdetl.out KCRTS Command ------------- CREATE a new Time Series ------------------------ Production of Runoff Time Series Project Location Sea-Tac Computing Series ex-detl.tsf Regional Scale Factor 1.00 Data Type Reduced Creating Hourly Time Series File Loading Time Series File:C:\KC_SWDM\KC_DATA\STOF60R.rnf outwash Forest 0.16 acres Loading Time Series File:C:\KC_SWDM\KC_DATA\STOG60R.rnf outwash Grass 0.16 acres Loading Time Series File:C:\KC_SWDM\KC_DATA\STE160R.rnf Impervious 0.42 acres -------------- Total Area 0.74 acres Peak Discharge: 0.212 CFS at 6:00 on Tan 9 in Year 8 storing Time series File:ex-detl.tsf Time Series Computed KCRTS Command ------------- CREATE a new Time series ------------------------ Production of Runoff Time series Project Location Sea-Tac Computing Series pr-detl.tsf Regional Scale Factor 1.00 Data Type Reduced Creating Hourly Time series File Loading Time Series File:C:\KC_SWDM\KC_DATA\STOG60R.rnf outwash Grass 0.11 acres Loading Time Series File:C:\KC_SWDM\KC_DATA\STE16OR.rnf Impervious 0.63 acres -------------- Total Area 0.74 acres Peak Discharge: 0.305 CFS at 6:00 on Tan 9 in Year 8 storing Time series File:pr-detl.tsf Time Series Computed KCRTS Command ------------- Enter the Analysis TOOLS Module ------------------------------- Analysis Tools Command ---------------------- Compute PEAKS and Flow Frequencies ---------------------------------- Loading Stage/Discharge curve:pr-detl.tsf Flow Frequency Analysis -------------------------------------------------------- Time Series File:pr-detl.tsf Project LOCatiOn:Sea-Tac Frequencies & Peaks saved to File:pr-detl.out Analysis Tools Command ---------------------- Compute PEAKS and Flow Frequencies ---------------------------------- Page 1 LWBdetl.out Loading Time series File:ex-detl.tsf Flow Frequency Analysis -------------------------------------------------------- Time series File:ex-detl.tsf Project Location:Sea-Tac Frequencies & Peaks saved to File:ex-detl.out Analysis Tools Command ---------------------- RETURN to Previous Menu ----------------------- KCRTS Command ------------- exit KCRTS Program ------------------ Page 2 ex-detl.out Flow Frequency Analysis Time Series File:ex-detl.tsf Project Location:Sea-Tac ---Annual Peak Flow Rates--- -----Flow Frequency Analysis ------- Flow Rate Rank Time of Peak - - Peaks - - Rank Return Prob (CFS) (CFS) Period 0.108 6 2/09/01 2:00 0.212 1 100.00 0.990 0.091 8 1/05/02 16:00 0.154 2 25.00 0.960 0.130 3 2/27/03 7:00 0.130 3 10.00 0.900 0.106 7 8/26/04 2:00 0.125 4 5.00 0.800 0.125 4 10/28/04 16:00 0.110 5 3.00 0.667 0.110 5 1/18/06 16:00 0.108 6 2.00 0.500 0.154 2 10/26/06 0:00 0.106 7 1.30 0.231 0.212 1 1/09/08 6:00 0.091 8 1.10 0.091 Computed Peaks 0.192 50.00 0.980 Page 1 pr-detl.out Flow Frequency Analysis Timeddrie5 File:pr-detl.tsf Project Location:Sea-Tac ---Annual Peak Flow Rates--- -----Flow Frequency Analysis ------- Flow Rate Rank Time of Peak - - Peaks - - Rank Return Prob (CFS) (CFS) Period 0.156 7 2/09/01 2:00 0.305 1 100.00 0.990 0.134 8 1/05/02 16:00 0.228 2 25.00 0.960 0.187 3 2/27/03 7:00 0.187 3 10.00 0.900 0.157 6 8/26/04 2:00 0.186 4 5.00 0.800 0.186 4 10/28/04 16:00 0.164 5 3.00 0.667 0.164 5 1/18/06 16:00 0.157 6 2.00 0.500 0.228 2 10/26/06 0:00 0.156 7 1.30 0.231 0.305 1 1/09/08 6:00 0.134 8 1.10 0.091 Computed Peaks 0.279 50.00 0.980 Page 1