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HomeMy WebLinkAboutWWP2703473_2Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan For Stonegate Lift Station Conveyance Improvements Prepared For Northwest Regional Office 3190 - 160th Avenue SE Bellevue, WA 98008-5452 425-649-7000 A Owner Developer Operator/Contractor City of Renton N/A Shoreline Construction Co. 1055 South Grady Way N/A 8315 216th ST SE Renton, WA 98057 N/A Woodinville, WA 98072 Project Site Location Field Ave NE and NE Sunset Blvd, Renton, WA 98059 Certified Erosion and Sediment Control Lead Jay Brown 206-571-3573 SWPPP Prepared By Roth Hill, LLC. 11130 NE 33rd Place, Suite 200 Bellevue, WA, 98004 425-869-9448 Paul Weller, EIT AICP, Designer/Planner SWPPP Preparation Date April 28, 2010 Approximate Project Construction Dates May 10, 2010 November 05, 2010 i Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan Storm water Pollution Prevention Plan For Stonegate Lift Station Conveyance Improvements Prepared For Northwest Regional Office 3190 - 160th Avenue SE Bellevue, WA 98008-5452 425-649-7000 Owner Developer Operator/Contractor City of Renton N/A Shoreline Construction Co. 1055 South Grady Way N/A 8315 216th ST SE Renton, WA 98057 N/A Woodinville, WA 98072 Project Site Location Field Ave NE and NE Sunset Blvd, Renton, WA 98059 Certified Erosion and Sediment Control Lead Jay Brown 206-571-3573 SWPPP Prepared By Roth Hill, LLC. 11130 NE 33rd Place, Suite 200 Bellevue, WA, 98004 425-869-9448 Paul Weller, EIT AICP, Designer/Planner SWPPP Preparation Date April 28, 2010 Approximate Project Construction Dates May 10, 2010 November 05, 2010 Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan Contents 1.0 Introduction...................................................................:........................................................... I 2.0 Site Description........................................................................................................................5 2.1 Existing Conditions...........................................................................................................5 2.2 Proposed Construction Activities......................................................................................6 3.0 Construction Stormwater BMPs ...............................................................................................9 3.1 The 12 BMP Elements .......................................................................................................9 3.1.1 Element #1 — Mark Clearing Limits...................................................................9 3.1.2 Element #2 — Establish Construction Access.....................................................9 3.1.3 Element #3 — Control Flow Rates.......................................................................9 3.1.4 Element #4 — Install Sediment Controls.............................................................9 3.1.5 Element #5 — Stabilize Soils.............................................................................10 3.1.6 Element #6 — Protect Slopes.............................................................................11 3.1.7 Element #7 — Protect Drain Inlets.....................................................................11 3.1.8 Element #8 — Stabilize Channels and Outlets...................................................11 3.1.9 Element #9 — Control Pollutants.......................................................................12 3.1.10 Element #10 — Control Dewatering.................................................................13 3.1.11 Element #11 —Maintain BMPs.......................................................................14 3.1.12 Element #12 — Manage the Project..................................................................14 3.2 Site Specific BMPs..........................................................................................................17 3.3 Additional Advanced BMPs............................................................................................17 4.0 Construction Phasing and BMP Implementation.....................................................................19 5.0 Pollution Prevention Team......................................................................................................21 5.1 Roles and Responsibilities...............................................................................................21 5.2 Team Members................................................................................................................21 6.0 Site Inspections and Monitoring.............................................................................................23 6.1 Site Inspection.................................................................................................................23 6.1.1 Site Inspection Frequency................................................................................23 6.1.2 Site Inspection Documentation.........................................................................24 6.2 Stormwater Quality Monitoring......................................................................................24 6.2.1 Turbidity Sampling...........................................................................................24 6.2.1 Turbidity Sampling...........................................................................................25 6.2.2 pH Sampling.....................................................................................................26 7.0 Reporting and Recordkeeping................................................................................................27 7.1 Recordkeeping.................................................................................................................27 7.1.1 Site Log Book...................................................................................................27 7.1.2 Records Retention.............................................................................................27 M Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan 7.1.3 Access to Plans and Records............................................................................27 7.1.4 Updating the SWPPP........................................................................................27 7.1.5 Treatment Records............................................................................................28 7.2 Reporting .........................................................................................................................28 7.2.1 Discharge Monitoring Reports.........................................................................28 7.2.2 Notification of Noncompliance........................................................................28 AppendixA — Site Plans.........................................................................................................29 Appendix B — Construction BMPs.........................................................................................31 Appendix C — Alternative BMPs............................................................................................33 Appendix D — General Permit................................................................................................35 Appendix E — Site Inspection Forms (and Site Log)..............................................................37 Appendix A Site plans ■ Vicinity map ■ Drainage Basin Maps ■ TESC Drawings and Details Appendix B Construction BMPs Appendix C Alternative Construction BMP list Appendix D General Permit Appendix E Site Log and Inspection Forms Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan IV Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan 1.0 Introduction This Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan (SWPPP) has been prepared as part of the NPDES stormwater permit requirements for the Stonegate Lift Station Conveyance Improvements in Renton, Washington. The project is located at the intersection of Field Ave. NE and NE Sunset Blvd. The project will include the construction of the following: • 4,760 linear feet of 8 "diameter PVC force main to connect the proposed Stonegate Lift Station with the existing gravity system at the intersection of Field Ave. NE and NE Sunset Blvd. • 590 linear feet of 15"diameter PVC gravity sewer pipe and 1201inear feet of 12" diameter PVC gravity sewer pipe to replace undersized existing sewer pipes along Field Ave. NE and NE Sunset Blvd. • 2401inear feet of 10" diameter HDPE sewer pipe utilizing horizontal directional drilling between the Summerwind Lift Station and the cul-de-sac at NE 24`" Ct. • Side sewer reconnections, bore and jack under an existing storm culvert, full grind and asphalt overlay of all roadways, sidewalk, and curb/gutter. Associated Construction activities will include pavement grinding, pavement cutting, asphalt concrete pavement removal, cement concrete pavement removal, excavation, dewatering, removal and disposal of waste material, bedding, and pipe zone fill material, placement of subsequent backfill materials, compaction, grading, and surface restoration. The purpose of this SWPPP is to describe the proposed construction activities and all temporary and permanent erosion and sediment control (TESC) measures, pollution prevention measures, inspection/monitoring activities, and recordkeeping that will be implemented during the proposed construction project. The objectives of the SWPPP are to: 1. Implement Best Management Practices (BMPs) to prevent erosion and sedimentation, and to identify, reduce, eliminate or prevent stormwater contamination and water pollution from construction activity. 2. Prevent violations of surface water quality, ground iNater quality, or sediment management standards. 3. Prevent, during the construction phase, adverse water quality impacts including impacts on beneficial uses of the receiving water by controlling peak flow rates and volumes of stormwater runoff at the Permittee's outfalls and downstream of the outfalls. Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan This SWPPP was prepared using the Ecology SWPPP Template downloaded from the Ecology website on July 2, 2005. This SWPPP was prepared based on the requirements set forth in the Construction Stormwater General Permit, Stormwater Management Manual for Western Washington (SWMMWW 2005). The report is divided into seven main sections with several appendices that include stormwater related reference materials. The topics presented in the each of the main sections are: ■ Section I — INTRODUCTION. This section provides a summary description of the project, and the organization of the SWPPP document. ■ Section 2 — SITE DESCRIPTION. This section provides a detailed description of the existing site conditions, proposed construction activities, and calculated stormwater flow rates for existing conditions and post — construction conditions. ■ Section 3 — CONSTRUCTION BMPs. This section provides a detailed description of the BMPs to be implemented based on the 12 required elements of the SWPPP (SWMMEW 2004). ■ Section 4 — CONSTRUCTION PHASING AND BMP IMPLEMENTATION. This section provides a description of the timing of the BMP implementation in relation to the project schedule. ■ Section 5 — POLLUTION PREVENTION TEAM. This section identifies the appropriate contact names (emergency and non -emergency), monitoring personnel, and the onsite temporary erosion and sedimentation control inspector ■ Section 6 — INSPECTION AND MONITORING. This section provides a description of the inspection and monitoring requirements such as the parameters of concern to be monitored, sample locations, sample frequencies, and sampling methods for all stormwater discharge locations from the site. Section 7 — RECORDKEEPING. This section describes the requirements for documentation of the BMP implementation, site inspections, monitoring results, and changes to the implementation of certain BMPs due to site factors experienced during construction. Supporting documentation and standard forms are provided in the following Appendices: Appendix A — Site plans Appendix B — Construction BMPs Appendix C — Alternative Construction BMP list Appendix D — General Permit Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan Appendix E — Site Log and Inspection Forms Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan 2.0 Site Description 2.1 Existing Conditions The existing site is approximately 4.9 acres of paved roadway and is located in the NE quarter of Section 3, T23N, R5E, WM. The north end of the site is south of an adjacent 100-foot wetland buffer along May Creek and is located within the existing Summerwind and Stonegate residential developments. From south to north, the project begins at the intersection of NE Sunset Blvd and Field Ave NE and proceeds north along Field Ave NE and ends at the intersection of NE 26`h St and 1481h Ave SE. The project passes through an emergency roadway that connects NE 201h ST with NE 22°d Ct. See the vicinity map in Appendix A. The site generally slopes toward the north. The stormwater is collected through catch basins within the roadway and discharged into the existing regional stormwater system, retained in either a pond, a vault, or discharged into a ditch before reaching May Creek. Generally, the site is hydraulically separated from surrounding areas by rolled curb and gutter throughout the project. The site consists of five drainage basins which are are illustrated on the basin maps in Appendix A. • Drainage Basin one is located generally within the roadway of 146`h Ave SE and NE 26`h St. The stormwater is collected through catch basins and directed to a detention pond north of NE 26`' St where it is then discharged into an unnamed creek which then discharges into May Creek. • Drainage Basin two is located just south of the emergency roadway connecting NE 201" St and NE 22nd Ct along the north side of NE 201h St. The stormwater is collected through catch basins and directed to a detention pond on NE 23`d St along the roadway Ilwaco Ave NE. The stormwater is then discharged back into the basin number one, where it eventually ends at May Creek. • Drainage Basin three collects the stormwater along the south side of NE 20`' St and directs the water through a vault located at the east end of NE 20`h St. The stormwater is then discharged to an upstream location of the unnamed creek where it is eventually meets with May Creek. • Drainage Basin four collects the stormwater within Field Ave NE. The stormwater is collected through catch basins and directed to a pond located east of Field Ave and North of Sunset Blvd. The stormwater is infiltrated. An emergency overflow directs the flow into a ditch on the south side of Sunset Blvd. 5 Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan Drainage Basin five collects the stonnwater along Sunset Blvd NE. The stormwater is collected through catch basins and directed to the ditch on the south side of Sunset Blvd NE. USDA NRCS Soils Mapping for King County indicates that the site is largely underlain by Ragnar-Indianola, a Hydrologic Group -A and B soil, suitable for infiltration. 2.2 Proposed Construction Activities The purpose of this project is to combine the sewer flows of two lift stations into a single force main system. The existing Summerwind lift station, located off of NE 23`d St, will be converted into a manhole and a new gravity sewer will be installed between the existing Stonegate sewer manhole located in NE 24th Court and the new converted wet well. The combined Stonegate and Summerwind flows will then be conveyed by the existing Stonegate gravity system to the lift station located at the northwest quadrant of the intersection of 148th Avenue SE and NE 26th Street, Renton, Washington (next to the existing Stonegate lift station). The proposed construction project includes: • 4,760 linear feet of 8 ".diameter PVC force main to connect the proposed Stonegate Lift Station with the existing gravity system at the intersection of Field Ave. NE and NE Sunset Blvd. • 590 linear feet of 15 "diameter PVC gravity sewer pipe and 120 linear feet of 12 " diameter PVC gravity sewer pipe to replace undersized existing sewer pipes along Field Ave. NE and NE Sunset Blvd. • 240 linear feet of 10"diameter HDPE sewer pipe utilizing horizontal directional drilling between the Summerwind Lift Station and the cul-de-sac at NE 24th Ct. • Side sewer reconnections, bore and jack under an existing storm culvert, full grind and asphalt overlay of all roadways, sidewalk, and curb/gutter. Construction activities will include TESC installation, pavement grinding, pavement cutting, asphalt concrete pavement removal, cement concrete pavement removal, excavation, dewatering, removal and disposal of waste material, bedding, and pipe zone fill material, placement of subsequent backfill materials, compaction, grading, asphalt paving, concrete work and surface restoration. The proposed project is completely within the roadway and no pervious surfaces will be disturbed for this project. The existing drainage system will be maintained during construction Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan by providing catch basin protection for the existing catch basins, filter fabric fence, inlet/outlet protection, check dams, and any other method deemed necessary as described in the following section 3. Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan 3.0 Construction Stormwater BMPs 3.1 The 12 BMP Elements 3.1.1 Element #1— Mark Clearing Limits To protect adjacent properties and to reduce the area of soil exposed to construction, the limits of construction will be clearly marked before land -disturbing activities begin. Trees that are to be preserved, as well as all sensitive areas and their buffers, shall be clearly delineated, both in the field and on the plans. In general, natural vegetation and native topsoil shall be retained in an undisturbed state to the maximum extent possible. The BMPs relevant to marking the clearing limits that will be applied for this project include: High Visibility Plastic or Metal Fence (BMP C103) 3.1.2 Element #2 — Establish Construction Access All construction activities for this project will occur on paved right of way and therefore, no BMPs are implemented for construction access. 3.1.3 Element #3 — Control Flow Rates The project will have no new impervious surfaces. No BMPs to be implemented to control the flow rates. 3.1.4 Element #4 — Install Sediment Controls All stormwater runoff from disturbed areas shall pass through an appropriate sediment removal BMP before leaving the construction site or prior to being discharged to an infiltration facility. The specific BMPs to be used for controlling sediment on this project include: • Silt Fence (BMP C233) • Sediment Trap (BMP C240) • Storm Drain Inlet Protection (BMP C220) In addition, sediment will be removed from paved areas in and adjacent to construction work areas manually or using mechanical sweepers, as needed, to minimize tracking of sediments on vehicle tires away from the site and to minimize washoff of sediments from adjacent streets in runoff. Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan Whenever possible, sediment laden water shall be discharged into onsite, relatively level, vegetated areas (BMP C240 paragraph 5, page 4-102). In some cases, sediment discharge in concentrated runoff can be controlled using permanent stormwater BMPs (e.g., infiltration swales, ponds, trenches). Sediment loads can limit the effectiveness of some permanent stormwater BMPs, such as those used for infiltration or biofiltration; however, those BMPs designed to remove solids by settling (wet ponds or detention ponds) can be used during the construction phase. When permanent stormwater BMPs will be used to control sediment discharge during construction, the structure will be protected from excessive sedimentation with adequate erosion and sediment control BMPs. Any accumulated sediment shall be removed after construction is complete and the permanent stormwater BMP will be restabilized with vegetation per applicable design requirements once the remainder of the site has been stabilized. The following BMPs will be implemented as end -of -pipe sediment controls as required to meet permitted turbidity limits in the site discharge(s). Prior to the implementation of these technologies, sediment sources and erosion control and soil stabilization BMP efforts will be maximized to reduce the need for end -of -pipe sedimentation controls. Construction Stormwater Filtration (BMP C251) Construction Stormwater Chemical Treatment (BMP C 250) (implemented only with prior written approval from Ecology). 3.1.5 Element #5 — Stabilize Soils Exposed and unworked soils shall be stabilized with the application of effective BMPs to prevent erosion throughout the life of the project. The specific BMPs for soil stabilization that shall be used on this project include: • Plastic Covering (BMP C123) • Dust Control (BMP C140) The project site is located west of the Cascade Mountain Crest. As such, no soils shall remain exposed and unworked for more than 7 days during the dry season (May 1 to September 30) and 2 days during the wet season (October 1 to April 30). Regardless of the time of year, all soils shall be stabilized at the end of the shift before a holiday or weekend if needed based on weather forecasts. In general, cut and fill slopes will be stabilized as soon as possible and soil stockpiles will be temporarily covered with plastic sheeting. All stockpiled soils shall be stabilized from erosion, 10 Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan protected with sediment trapping measures, and where possible, be located away from storin drain inlets, waterways, and drainage channels. 3.1.6 Element #6 — Protect Slopes No slopes are to be cut or filled for this project. The following specific BMPs will be used to protect slopes for this project: No BMPs to be implemented 3.1.7 Element #7 — Protect Drain Inlets All storm drain inlets and culverts made operable during construction shall be protected to prevent unfiltered or untreated water from entering the drainage conveyance system. However, the first priority is to keep all access roads clean of sediment and keep street wash water separate from entering storm drains until treatment can be provided. Storm Drain Inlet Protection (BMP C220) will be implemented for all drainage inlets and culverts that could potentially be impacted by sediment -laden runoff on and near the project site. The following inlet protection measures will be applied on this project: Drop Inlet Protection • Catch Basin Filters • Alternative BMP not included in the SWMMWW (2005) or SWMMEW (2004) Culvert Inlet Protection • Culvert Inlet Sediment Trap • Alternative BMP not included in the SWMMWW (2005) or SWMMEW (2004) 3.1.8 Element #8 — Stabilize Channels and Outlets Where site runoff is to be conveyed in channels, or discharged to a stream or some other natural drainage point, efforts will be taken to prevent downstream erosion. The specific BMPs for channel and outlet stabilization that shall be used on this project include: • Check Dams 11 Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan The project site is located west of the Cascade Mountain Crest. As such, all temporary on -site conveyance channels shall be designed, constructed, and stabilized to prevent erosion from the expected peak 10 minute velocity of flow from a Type 1 A, 10-year, 24-hour recurrence interval storm for the developed condition. Alternatively, the 10-year, 1-hour peak flow rate indicated by an approved continuous runoff simulation model, increased by a factor of 1.6, shall be used. Stabilization, including armoring material, adequate to prevent erosion of outlets, adjacent streambanks, slopes, and downstream reaches shall be provided at the outlets of all conveyance systems. 3.1.9 Element #9 — Control Pollutants All pollutants, including waste materials and demolition debris, that occur onsite shall be handled and disposed of in a manner that does not cause contamination of stormwater. Good housekeeping and preventative measures will be taken to ensure that the site will be kept clean, well organized, and free of debris. If required, BMPs to be implemented to control specific sources of pollutants are discussed below. Vehicles, construction equipment, and/or petroleum product storage/dispensing: ■ All vehicles, equipment, and petroleum product storage/dispensing areas will be inspected regularly to detect any leaks or spills, and to identify maintenance needs to prevent leaks or spills. ■ On -site fueling tanks and petroleum product storage containers shall include secondary containment. ■ Spill prevention measures, such as drip pans, will be used when conducting maintenance and repair of vehicles or equipment. ■ In order to perform emergency repairs on site, temporary plastic will be placed beneath and, if raining, over the vehicle. ■ Contaminated surfaces shall be cleaned immediately following any discharge or spill incident. Excavation and tunneling spoils dewatering waste: Demotion: Dewatering BMPs and BMPs specific to the excavation and tunneling (including handling of contaminated soils) are discussed under Element 10. 12 Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan ■ Dust released from demolished sidewalks, buildings, or structures will be controlled using Dust Control Measures (BMP C 140). ■ Storm drain inlets vulnerable to stormwater discharge carrying dust, soil, or debris will be protecte using Storm Drain Inlet Protection (BMP C220 as described above for Element 7). ■ Process water and slurry resulting from sawcutting and surfacing operations will be prevented from entering the waters of the State by implementing Sawcutting and Surfacing Pollution Prevention measures (BMP C152). Excavation and tunneling spoils dewatering waste: ■ Dewatering BMPs and BMPs specific to the excavation and tunneling (including handling of contaminated soils) are discussed under Element 10. Concrete and grout: Other: ■ Process water and slurry resulting from concrete work will be prevented from entering the waters of the State by implementing Concrete Handling measures (BMP C151). Other BMPs will be administered as necessary to address any additional pollutant sources on site. The facility does not require a Spill Prevention, Control, and Countermeasure (SPCC) Plan under the Federal regulations of the Clean Water Act (CWA). 3.1.10 Element #10 — Control Dewatering All dewatering water from open cut excavation, tunneling, foundation work, trench, or underground vaults shall be discharged into a controlled conveyance system prior to discharge to a sediment trap or sediment pond, or other excepted and approved method. Channels will be stabilized, per Element #8. Clean, non -turbid dewatering water will not be routed through stormwater sediment ponds, and will be discharged to systems tributary to the receiving waters of the State in a manner that does not cause erosion, flooding, or a violation of State water quality standards in the receiving water. Highly turbid dewatering water from soils known or suspected to be contaminated, or from use of construction equipment, will require additional monitoring and treatment as required for the specific pollutants based on the receiving waters into which the discharge is occurring. Such monitoring is the responsibility of the contractor. 13 Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan However, the dewatering of soils known to be free of contamination will trigger BMPs to trap sediment and reduce turbidity. At a minimum, geotextile fabric socks/bags/cells will be used to filter this material. Other BMPs to be used for sediment trapping and turbidity reduction include the following: ■ Concrete Handling (BMP C 151) ■ Temporary Sediment Pond (BMP C241) ■ Construction Stormwater Chemical Treatment (BMP C250) ■ Construction Stormwater Filtration (BMP C 251) ■ Infiltration ■ Use of a sedimentation bag, with outfall to a ditch or swale for small volumes of localized dewatering. ■ Portable Water Storage Tanks (e.g. Baker Tanks) 3.1.11 Element #11— Maintain BMPs All temporary and permanent erosion and sediment control BMPs shall be maintained and repaired as needed to assure continued performance of their intended function. Maintenance and repair shall be conducted in accordance with each particular BMPs specifications (attached). Visual monitoring of the BMPs will be conducted at least once every calendar week and within 24 hours of any stormwater or non-stormwater discharge from the site. If the site becomes inactive, and is temporarily stabilized, the inspection frequency will be reduced to once every month. All temporary erosion and sediment control BMPs shall be removed within 30 days after the final site stabilization is achieved or after the temporary BMPs are no longer needed. Trapped sediment shall be removed or stabilized on site. Disturbed soil resulting from removal of BMPs or vegetation shall be permanently stabilized. 3.1.12 Element #12 — Manage the Project Erosion and sediment control BMPs for this project have been designed based on the following principles: Design the project to fit the existing topography, soils, and drainage patterns. Emphasize erosion control rather than sediment control. 14 Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan ■ Minimize the extent and duration of the area exposed. ■ Keep runoff velocities low. ■ Retain sediment on site. ■ Thoroughly monitor site and maintain all ESC measures. ■ Schedule major earthwork during the dry season. As this project site is located west of the Cascade Mountain Crest, the project will be managed according to the following key project components: Phasing of Construction The construction project is being phased to the extent practicable in order to prevent soil erosion, and, to the maximum extent possible, the transport of sediment from the site during construction. Revegetation of exposed areas and maintenance of that vegetation shall be an integral part of the clearing activities during each phase of construction, per the Scheduling BMP (C 162). Seasonal Work Limitations From October 1 through April 30, clearing, grading, and other soil disturbing activities shall only be permitted if shown to the satisfaction of the local permitting authority that silt -laden runoff will be prevented from leaving the site through a combination of the following: ❑ Site conditions including existing vegetative coverage, slope, soil type, and proximity to receiving waters; and ❑ Limitations on activities and the extent of disturbed areas; and ❑ Proposed erosion and sediment control measures. Based on the information provided and/or local weather conditions, the local permitting authority may expand or restrict the seasonal limitation on site disturbance. The following activities are exempt from the seasonal clearing and grading limitations: 15 Stonnwater Pollution Prevention Plan ❑ Routine maintenance and necessary repair of erosion and sediment control BMPs; ❑ Routine maintenance of public facilities or existing utility structures that do not expose the soil or result in the removal of the vegetative cover to soil; and ❑ Activities where there is 100 percent infiltration of surface water runoff within the site in approved and installed erosion and sediment control facilities. Coordination with Utilities and Other Jurisdictions Care has been taken to coordinate with utilities, other construction projects, and the local jurisdiction in preparing this SWPPP and scheduling the construction work. Inspection and Monitoring All BMPs shall be inspected, maintained, and repaired as needed to assure continued performance of their intended function. Site inspections shall be conducted by a person who is knowledgeable in the principles and practices of erosion and sediment control. This person has the necessary skills to: ❑ Assess the site conditions and construction activities that could impact the quality of stormwater, and ❑ Assess the effectiveness of erosion and sediment control measures used to control the quality of stormwater discharges. A Certified Erosion and Sediment Control Lead shall be on -site or on -call at all times. Whenever inspection and/or monitoring reveals that the BMPs identified in this SWPPP are inadequate, due to the actual discharge of or potential to discharge a significant amount of any pollutant, appropriate BMPs or design changes shall be implemented as soon as possible. Maintaining an Updated Construction SWPPP This SWPPP shall be retained on -site or within reasonable access to the site. 16 Stornwater Pollution Prevention Plan The SWPPP shall be modified whenever there is a change in the design, construction, operation, or maintenance at the construction site that has, or could have, a significant effect on the discharge of pollutants to waters of the state. ■ The SWPPP shall be modified if, during inspections or investigations conducted by the owner/operator, or the applicable local or state regulatory authority, it is determined that the SWPPP is ineffective in eliminating or significantly minimizing pollutants in stormwater discharges from the site. The SWPPP shall be modified as necessary to include additional or modified BMPs designed to correct problems identified. Revisions to the SWPPP shall be completed within seven (7) days following the inspection. 3.2 Site Specific BNZPs Site specific BMPs are shown on the TESC Plan Sheets and Details in Appendix A. These site specific plan sheets will be updated annually. 3.3 Additional Advanced BMPs Written pre -approval through Department of Ecology is required for the use of construction stormwater chemical treatment. Construction Stormwater Chemical Treatment (BMP C250) 17 Stonnwater Pollution Prevention Plan 4.0 Construction Phasing and BMP Implementation The BMP implementation schedule will be driven by the construction schedule. The following provides a sequential list of the proposed construction schedule milestones and the corresponding BMP implementation schedule. The list contains key milestones such as wet season construction. The BMP implementation schedule listed below is keyed to proposed phases of the construction project, and reflects differences in BMP installations and inspections that relate to wet season construction. The project site is located west of the Cascade Mountain Crest. As such, the dry season is considered to be from May I to September 30 and the wet season is considered to be from October I to April 30. ■ Estimated Construction start date: 05/11/2010 ■ Estimated Construction finish date: 11/05/2010 ■ Pre -Construction Meeting: 05/05/2010 ■ Mobilize equipment on -site: 05/10/2010 ■ Install ESC measures: 05/10/2010 ■ Begin Excavation for pipe trench: 06/14/2010 ■ Begin Road Restoration: 09/06/2010 ■ Wet Season Starts: 10/01/2010 ■ Site Inspections and monitoring conducted weekly and for applicable rain events as detailed in Section 6 of this SWPPP: 10/01/2010 ■ Implement Element #12 BMPs and manage site to minimize soil disturbance during the wet season: 10/01/2010 19 Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan 5.0 Pollution Prevention Team 5.1 Roles and Responsibilities The pollution prevention team consists of personnel responsible for implementation of the SWPPP, including the following: Certified Erosion and Sediment Control Lead (CESCL) — primary contractor contact, responsible for site inspections (BMPs, visual monitoring, sampling, etc.); to be called upon in case of failure of any ESC measures. Resident Engineer — For projects with engineered structures only (sediment ponds/traps, sand filters, etc.): site representative for the owner that is the project's supervising engineer responsible for inspections and issuing instructions and drawings to the contractor's site supervisor or representative ■ Emergency Ecology Contact — individual to be contacted at Ecology in case of emergency. ■ Emergency Owner Contact — individual that is the site owner or representative of the site owner to be contacted in the case of an emergency. ■ Non -Emergency Ecology Contact — individual that is the site owner or representative of the site owner than can be contacted if required. ■ Monitoring Personnel — personnel responsible for conducting water quality monitoring; for most sites this person is also the Certified Erosion and Sediment Control Lead. 5.2 Team Members Names and contact information for those identified as members of the pollution prevention team are provided in the following table. Title Name(s) Phone Number Certified Erosion and Sediment Control Lead (CESCL) Jay Brown 206-571-3573 Resident Engineer Ron McPhee 425-430-7432 21 Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan Emergency Ecology Contact Kevin Fitzgerald 425-649-7033 Emergency Owner Contact John Hobson 425-430-7279 Non -Emergency Ecology Contact Jay Brown - Forcman (Shoreline Construction Co.) 206-571=3573 Monitoring Personnel Alec Andry - Superintendent (Shoreline Construction Co.) 206-571-3572 T? Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan 6.0 Site Inspections and Monitoring Monitoring includes visual inspection, monitoring for water quality parameters of concern, and documentation of the inspection and monitoring findings in a site log book. A site log book will be maintained for all on -site construction activities and will include: A record of the implementation of the SWPPP and other permit requirements; ■ Site inspections; and, Stormwater quality monitoring. For convenience, the inspection form and water quality monitoring forms included in this SWPPP include the required information for the site log book. This SWPPP may function as the site log book if desired, or the forms may be separated and included in a separate site log book. However, if separated, the site log book but must be maintained on -site or within reasonable access to the site and be made available upon request to Ecology or the local jurisdiction. 6.1 Site Inspection All BMPs will be inspected, maintained, and repaired as needed to assure continued performance of their intended function. The inspector will be a Certified Erosion and Sediment Control Lead (CESCL) per BMP C160. The naive and contact information for the CESCL is provided in Section 5 of this SWPPP. Site inspection will occur in all areas disturbed by construction activities and at all stormwater discharge points. Stormwater will be examined for the presence of suspended sediment, turbidity, discoloration, and oily sheen. The site inspector will evaluate and document the effectiveness of the installed BMPs and determine if it is necessary to repair or replace any of the BMPs to improve the quality of stormwater discharges. All maintenance and repairs will be documented in the site log book or forms provided in this document. All new BMPs or design changes will be documented in the SWPPP as soon as possible. 6.1.1 Site Inspection Frequency Site inspections will be conducted at least once a week and within 24 hours following any discharge from the site. For sites with temporary stabilization measures, the site inspection frequency can be reduced to once every month. 23 Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan 6.1.2 Site Inspection Documentation The site inspector will record each site inspection using the site log inspection forms provided in Appendix E. The site inspection log forms may be separated from this SWPPP document, but will be maintained on -site or within reasonable access to the site and be made available upon request to Ecology or the local jurisdiction. 6.2 Stormwater Quality Monitoring 6.2.1 Turbidity Sampling Monitoring requirements for the proposed project will include either turbidity or water transparency sampling to monitor site discharges for water quality compliance with the 2005 Construction Stormwater General Permit (Appendix D). Sampling will be conducted at all discharge points at least once per calendar week. Turbidity or transparency monitoring will follow the analytical methodologies described in Section S4 of the 2005 Construction Stormwater General Permit (Appendix D). The key benchmark values that require action are 25 NTU for turbidity (equivalent to 32 cm transparency) and 250 NTU for turbidity (equivalent to 6 cm transparency). If the 25 NTU benchmark for turbidity (equivalent to 32 cm transparency) is exceeded, the following steps will be conducted: 1. Ensure all BMPs specified in this SWPPP are installed and functioning as intended. 2. Assess whether additional BMPs should be implemented, and document revisions to the SWPPP as necessary. 3. Sample discharge location daily until the analysis results are less than 25 NTU (turbidity) or greater than 32 cm (transparency). If the turbidity is greater than 25 NTU (or transparency is less than 32 cm) but less than 250 NTU (transparency greater than 6 cm) for more than 3 days, additional treatment BMPs will be implemented within 24 hours of the third consecutive sample that exceeded the benchmark value. Additional treatment BMPs to be considered will include, but are not limited to, off -site treatment, infiltration, filtration and chemical treatment. If the 250 NTU benchmark for turbidity (or less than 6 cm transparency) is exceeded at any time, the following steps will be conducted: 1. Notify Ecology by phone within 24 hours of analysis (see Section 5.0 of this SWPPP for contact information). 24 Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan 2. Continue daily sampling until the turbidity is less than 25 NTU (or transparency is greater than 32 cm). Initiate additional treatment BMPs such as off -site treatment, infiltration, filtration and chemical treatment within 24 hours of the first 250 NTU exceedance. 4. Implement additional treatment BMPs as soon as possible, but within 7 days of the first 250 NTU exceedance. Describe inspection results and remedial actions taken in the site log book and in monthly discharge monitoring reports as described in Section 7.0 of this SWPPP. 6.2.1 Turbidity Sampling Monitoring requirements for the proposed project will include either turbidity or water transparency sampling to monitor site discharges for water quality compliance with the 2005 Construction Stormwater General Permit (Appendix D). Sampling will be conducted at all discharge points at least once per calendar week. Turbidity or transparency monitoring will follow the analytical methodologies described in Section S4 of the 2005 Construction Stormwater General Permit (Appendix D). The key benchmark values that require action are 25 NTU for turbidity (equivalent to 32 cm transparency) and 250 NTU for turbidity (equivalent to 6 cm transparency). If the 25 NTU benchmark for turbidity (equivalent to 32 cm transparency) is exceeded, the following steps will be conducted: Ensure all BMPs specified in this SWPPP are installed and functioning as intended. 2. Assess whether additional BMPs should be implemented, and document revisions to the SWPPP as necessary. 3. Sample discharge location daily until the analysis results are less than 25 NTU (turbidity) or greater than 32 cm (transparency). If the turbidity is greater than 25 NTU (or transparency is less than 32 cm) but less than 250 NTU (transparency greater than 6 cm) for more than 3 days, additional treatment BMPs will be implemented within 24 hours of the third consecutive sample that exceeded the benchmark value. Additional treatment BMPs to be considered will include, but are not limited to, off -site treatment, infiltration, filtration and chemical treatment. 25 Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan If the 250 NTU benchmark for turbidity (or less than 6 cm transparency) is exceeded at any time, the following steps will be conducted: 1. Notify Ecology by phone within 24 hours of analysis (see Section 5.0 of this SWPPP for contact information). 2. Continue daily sampling until the turbidity is less than 25 NTU (or transparency is greater than 32 cm). 3. Initiate additional treatment BMPs such as off -site treatment, infiltration, filtration and chemical treatment within 24 hours of the first 250 NTU exceedance. 4. Implement additional treatment BMPs as soon as possible, but within 7 days of the first 250 NTU exceedance. 5. Describe inspection results and remedial actions taken in the site log book and in monthly discharge monitoring reports as described in Section 7.0 of this SWPPP. 6.2.2 pH Sampling Sampling and monitoring for pH will occur during the first day of activity that includes more than 40 yards of poured or recycled concrete, or after the application of "Engineered Soils" such as, Portland cement treated base, cement kiln, or fly ash. For concrete work, pH monitoring will start the first day concrete is poured and continued until fully cured (3 weeks from last pour) and discharges are documented to be below pH 8.5. Samples will be collected weekly at points of discharge to surface water. Samples will be analyzed for pH using a calibrated pH meter and recorded in the site log book. The key benchmark pH value for stormwater is a maximum of 8.5. If a pH greater than 8.5 is measured at points of discharge to surface water, the following steps will be conducted: 1. Prevent (detain) all discharges from leaving the site and entering surface waters or storm drains if the pH is greater than 8.5 2. Adjust or neutralize the high pH water if necessary using appropriate technology such as CO2 sparging (liquid or dry ice). 3. Contact Ecology if chemical treatment other than CO2 sparging is planned. 26 Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan 7.0 Reporting and Recordkeeping 7.1 Recordkeeping 7.1.1 Site Log Book A site log book will be maintained for all on -site construction activities and will include: ■ A record of the implementation of the SWPPP and other permit requirements; 1 ■ Site inspections; and, ■ Stormwater quality monitoring. For convenience, the inspection form and water quality monitoring forms included in this SWPPP include the required information for the site log book. 7.1.2 Records Retention Records of all monitoring information (site log book, inspection reports/checklists, etc.), this Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan, and any other documentation of compliance with permit requirements will be retained during the life of the construction project and for a minimum of three years following the termination of permit coverage in accordance with permit condition S5.C. 7.1.3 Access to Plans and Records The SWPPP, General Permit, Notice of Authorization letter, and Site Log Book will be retained on site or within reasonable access to the site and will be made immediately available upon request to Ecology or the local jurisdiction. A copy of this SWPPP will be provided to Ecology within 14 days of receipt of a written request for the SWPPP from Ecology. Any other information requested by Ecology will be submitted within a reasonable time. A copy of the SWPPP or access to the SWPPP will be provided to the public when requested in writing in accordance with permit condition S5.G. 7.1.4 Updating the SWPPP In accordance with Conditions S3, S4.13, and S9.13.3 of the General Permit, this SWPPP will be modified if the SWPPP is ineffective in eliminating or significantly minimizing pollutants in stormwater discharges from the site or there has been a change in design, construction, operation, or maintenance at the site that has a significant effect on the discharge, or potential for discharge, 27 Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan of pollutants to the waters of the State. The SWPPP will be modified within seven days of determination based on inspection(s) that additional or modified BMPs are necessary to correct problems identified, and an updated timeline for BMP implementation will be prepared. 7.1.5 Treatment Records Alec Andry - (Superintendent Shoreline Construction Co.) will be performing regular monitoring of all discharges. These records will be summarized monthly for submittal with the Discharge Monitoring Report to DOE. 7.2 Reporting 7.2.1 Discharge Monitoring Reports [Prior to October 2008] If cumulative soil disturbance is smaller than 5 acres: Discharge Monitoring Report (DMR) forms will not be submitted to Ecology because water quality sampling is not being conducted at the site. If cumulative soil disturbance is 5 acres or larger: Discharge Monitoring Reports (DMRs) will be submitted to Ecology monthly. If there was no discharge during a given monitoring period, the Permittee shall submit the form as required, with the words "No discharge" entered in the place of monitoring results. The DMR due date is 15 days following the end of each month. 7.2.2 Notification of Noncompliance If any of the terms and conditions of the permit are not met, and it causes a threat to human health or the environment, the following steps will be taken in accordance with permit section S5.F: 1. Ecology will be immediately notified of the failure to comply. 2. Immediate action will be taken to control the noncompliance issue and to correct the problem. If applicable, sampling and analysis of any noncompliance will be repeated immediately and the results submitted to Ecology within five (5) days of becoming aware of the violation. 3. A detailed written report describing the noncompliance will be submitted to Ecology within five (5) days, unless requested earlier by Ecology. In accordance with permit condition S2.A, a complete application form will be submitted to Ecology and the appropriate local jurisdiction (if applicable) to be covered by the General Permit. 28 Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan Appendix A — Site Plans • Vicinity Map 0 Drainage Basin Maps • TESC Drawings and Details 29 Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan 30 162 M���- w�•�!!��� . • 4I Will �-�'', aV ►�� ;' `� M astl���'�' �► Stonegate Lift Station ;w _ erg i Conveyance Improvements Ur Vicinity p Vill- Wit yap NOR Ulf IWO BpiNt i Iry . R` ..ram . r �*01's ! �Ai i M k . ' `� j � ,.0 Al�„ • IRE I y„ cif � N i�1MP'��wa ,L' kill r WA --.. s ,—� " K "'r • ts_Nod�rl�i p►*ar pia. ` y o� Legend ir � • r , � . � � � �'�IfMl11!!��'� M �MM�>Mii r �; ,���� � , pr iN„�� ,r � � �� 4� � 7- �� � ��„�-'�'� .r- � .. � ` .r ■�r �o C41 nsraw'�r- All.4 Aw OF' City Boundaries �"'*.4„ �? dais �' ► ,�., r , '..� .� 'M`i1r � • vwlfi�� ��1��i�i►���. �■i�' �� ��,�� '� _ •{ 1'� " ' � • � �, _ r��t *� i� L+. Project _ �wr� 'r�+$.. f�w—� � iG:► �ir�i�iiir`t �����i" � • � ' ,•-�"t i,_i►�;. ,� d� `v ..►a1�^_ � � .,` ., gR -�� fs�� �� � ��Pi�jj�F�"�'a��FRI�•►i�1` �,r �►.' � •��.,'::�r ;o, �� � �' �'li ��'! `'"' „' � �. •�. • low � o iliaAN . �l 111�• �'�16i. � '�� ";'i■ . • � \.�� �. '1f' 7, � _ � � � �� � `•� -j+'r' Z-4:?,. •.a i� ► .:` ! And A ( +a . 40 30 lop Elk so 1 IN . 'r 2 - a VFW w...•�. Y�•�l '"�I1�'P`�+�M p /".'tilt" Z" ' i / '� < - �' ,� • - � 1 inch )0 feet ��� .Mid •. �':. ► ,■.. --aQao�pa�-`._ .� �_ _ _ l�rrr �C• y � • �� d - _ � .'�. sw.,r. ..•` %t!�"• :�rr�■yZ' 3�1,! � � ���� �� r ��; . � ,��"';.---;--'+� t 1[ o irk i� w ` j■.-... ■ �/ P` or ���Ia east llopJIFF $ ► • R a v ��� `, 1 ' R �litl� ` , •' +�M'�^ r'/`-ter v D6NE - 03T 23N Ku5E Nt= -1/4 16714 .. r, Z1 1 1 1 I � 21845—� \ ,5635 C. 2195 ----. 6 � ® r ` 21A28-- - 1869 1563/�. ` 16 24314 l r!r 13 5434 `3544 P24315P,24317'\ 1. 36 ,\Z1537 PS3561 P2 I P1426 / 2359 i`� I 1 0 23539 } ss 235934 _. 23551 .� 23549 23518 14 13817 ri634 '53 • W\'.21573 21559 f�21l I ``\� �:1j f�/ �• V21558 '� 3► j ` 23�396.1 i1i ._400�. O , I'\` `'1 `',`\� �\ / 7 ,` - 4�"ol-951394 f 1013 �J Q2m 23393 - (�5 3923364 1. 3861 1 l _a3o 1 \ 1 \ \ : a6' May Vall aya91*1 3392 60 \23365 /-- -- 23375. 368 23354 / I `23372 23371 , 1 —.J/ IN 62277 --+zee l llUh SE 1111h St l `, �, W► SE 112th P1 . 102 1 .\.\ 1106 , \ ` art ao7o 1 NON IVYh St Structures Conveyance Flow Control Facility Renton Renton Renton o Inlet - Pipe ® Pond ■ Type 1 — Culvert L] Tank O Type 2 Private a Vault 0 Vault -- Pipe Private ('P' Prefix) Pump Station Culvert ® Pond Private ('P' Prefix) King County 112 Tank Inlet —} Pipe ED Vault Type 1 Culvert King County s Type 2 WSDOT ® Pond o Vault Pipe Tank King County Culvert Miscellaneous ■ Inlet Other �Renton Limits 47...1 ■ Type 1 Channel Q PAA O Type 2 Ditch _-I Quarter Section WSDOT — Flow Park/Open Space a Type 1 Flow Control 10ft Contour O Type 2 — Infiltration — Bioswale E6NE - 10T 23N R05E NE 1/4 10 cumm' D city of Surface Water Utility Asset Inventory May 2009 0 150 300 600 Feet This invent 03T 23 N R05 E S E 1 /4 This inventory information is schematic only. It was compiled from numerous sources. It is the best information available at this time and should be used for general guidance only. The City of Renton is not responsible for errors or omissions. When this information is used for planning, design, and/or construction purposes, users are to field verify this 5303 information. "SSE - f 24, . , ..,5E -I \Q6 \-�.�` '-�Y�Y f/a11eYRd �.f....�......7- go t2- ` I . c, 'skill Property L/ L 1 2z � , , h,4 224 " � » 22 re`• � l `� 1621 I 22415 ' M �1— 1437_ 1431 '� ` 5 it , i, /• /'' Vl f 001h Pl,i436o b7e SE 1 --- t� -- — --- I 224 22 �` Jr ✓ 22 f�416 ,�, 22 2; • t667 5— ` \ 1095® 72101-�... / !/- 1 NE 23rd St 21 — _ , C1 SE �} r _ _ � ,- � � ir�,2,s59 � 1 �• t� � � J9te-1` '. m �t � '., 102nd St $ _ \' �\21 224o 22 121915� •-L„. / '219 21916 "40. 71106 \ , J 2102 -,2 59219t�-i•( _ \ 224Z\ knese _u99z'\--., zt,t/. / `•� �� 'o j4 i �Z�- �! _` � I 1897 121 2 A \ l V218 � 21907 9o1`, \ `� .. 22396�.._ 419 21 22403 21631 P23l02 1M \ P137! 1. Pry\, toaL j \� / 2 {� (� 2241 _ 21 165 /'' '�, 01 I �_ i5635 8 976 2151t ( 21512J / •\� \ V 829 647'I �, J tiA21 z,ee3 e ita2r / P10715\�,: Structures Conveyance Flow Control Facility Renton Renton Renton o Inlet — Pipe ® Pond o Type 1 ---- Culvert EM Tank O Type 2 Private a Vault ® Vault ; Pipe Private ('P' Prefix) 0 Pump Station Culvert ® Pond Private ('P' Prefix) King County db Tank IS Inlet —'' Pipe a Vault ■ Type 1 — Culvert King County Type 2 WSDOT ® Pond 0 Vault Pipe Tank King County Culvert Miscellaneous o Inlet Other Im"3 Renton Limits ■ Type 1 Channel PAA O Type 2 Ditch — Quarter Section WSDOT ------ Flow j Park/Open Space o Type 1 Flow Control 1Oft Contour ® Type 2 — Infiltration --« Bioswale D6SE - 03T 23N R05E SE 1/4 �N%01 ' P ,f M diw a�l'�����n� 1111N 1 I .T 4 City of( 1 Surface Water Utility Asset Inventory May 2009 0 150 300 600 Feet Disclaimer: 03T 23N R05E NE 1 /4 This inventory information is schematic only. It was compiled from numerous sources. It is the best information available at this time and should be used for general guidance only. The City of Renton is not responsible for errors or omissions. When this information is used for planning, design, and/or construction purposes, users are to field verify this 5303 information. D6NE FILTER FABRIC (NIRAFI IDOX OR EOUIV. 2'. 2'. 14 W. 80' WIDE BOLLS) USE STAPLES OR WIRE WIRE FABRIC RING TO ATTACH FABRIC TO WIRE (TYP) OR EQUAL (TYP) Q Q it II ^ I li `BURY BOTTOM OF FABRIC II H Li MATERIAL IN 4'. 4' TRENCH U MINt� (� 6MAX PROVIDE ]/•• - I I/2' DIA. 2'. 4' WQOU PQST4. STANDMO OR BETTER WASEO GRAVEL BACKFILL WITH GRADE OR EQUAL B 6' O.C. NATIVE SOIL ALTERNATE: STEEL FENCE POSTS POST S�ACINC MAY BE INCREASED " O a F WIRE BAC"IM Its USED SIDE VIEW FILTER FABRIC FENCE NOTES: I. THE FILTER FABRIC SHALL BE PURCHASED IN A CONTINUOUS ROLL CUT TO THE LENGTH GF THE SHRIEK TO AVOID USE OF JOINTS WHEN .DINTS ARE NECESSARY. FILTER CLOTH SMALL BE SPLICED TOGETHER ONLY AT A SUPPORT POST. WITH A MINI" a -INCH OVERLAP MID BOTH ENDS SECURELY FASTENED TO THE POST, 2 THE FILTER FABRIC FENCE SHALL BC INSTALLED TO FOLLOW THE CONTOURS (WHERE FEASIBLE). THE FENCE PO POSTS SHALL BE SPACED A MAXIMUM OF 6 FEET APART AND MOAN SECURELY INTO THE GROU(MINI" OF 30 INCHES). 3 A TRENEH SHALL BE EXCAVATED. IWFIILY 4 INCHES WIDE AND 4 INCHES DEER. UPSLOPE AM AGJACENT TO THE WOOD, POST To ALLOY THE FILTER FABRIC TO BE BIA IED 4 WHEN STANDARD STRENGTH FILTER FABRIC IS USED. A WIRE MESH SUPPORT FENCE SHALL BE FASTENED SECURELY TO THE UPSLOPE SIDE Or THE POSTS USING HEAVY-DUTY WIRE STAPLES AT LEAST I INCH LONG. TIE WIRES OR HOG RINGS THE WIRE SHALL EXTEND INTO THE TRENCH A MINI" Or 4 INCHES AND SHALL MT EXTEND MORE THAN 36 INCHES ABOVE THE ORIGINAL GROUND SURFACE. 3 THE STANDARD STRENGTH FILTER FABRIC SHALL BE STAPLED OR WIRED TO THE FENCE. AND 20 INCHES OF THE FABRIC SHALL BC EXTENDED INTO THE FRENCH THE FABRIC SHALL MT EXTEND MORE THAN 30 INCHES ABOVE THE ORIGINAL GROUND SURFACE FILTER FABRIC SHALL HOT BE STAPLED TO EXISTING TREES 6 WHEN EXTRA -STRENGTH FILTER FABRIC AND CLOSER POST SPACING ME USED. THE WIRE MESH SUPPORT FENCE MAY BE ELIMINATED. IN SUCH A CASE. THE FILTER FABRIC IS STAPLED OR WIRED DIRECTLY TO THE POSTS WITH ALL OTHER PROVISIONS OF STANDARD NOTE S APPLYING. THE TRENCH SHALL BE BACNFILLED WITH 3/4-INCH. MINIMUM DIAMETER WASNEO GRAVEL. tl FILTCP FABRIC FENCES SHALL BE REIGNED WHEN THEY HAVE SERVED THEIR USEFUL PURPOSE. BUT NOT BEFORE THE UPSLOPE MEA HAS BEEN PERMANENTLY STABILIZED. 9 FILTCR FABRIC FENCES SHALL BE INSPECTED IMMEDIATELY AFTER EACH RAINFALL AD AT LEAST DAILY DUPING PROLONGED MINFALL. MY REQUIRED REPAIRS SHALL BE MADE IMCI(p IATELV FILTER FABRIC FENCE DETAIL NTS DROP INLET WITH GRATE RUNOFF WATER WITF1 SEDIMENT FILTER FABRIC UNDER FILTER FABRIC UNDER GRATING GRATING PROVIDE AT ALL CATCH BASINS DRAINING AREA AFFECTED BY WORK. CB PROTECTION DETAIL N T', TOP OF FLON LINE DITCH SILT FENCE I I I I CULVERT---4 1 1 I NOTES, PLACE SILT FENCE OR FILTER BAGS IN DITCH FLOW LINE TO PREVENT SEDIMENT AND DEBRIS FROM ENTERING THE CON- VEYANCE SYSTEM. INLET/OUTLET PROTECTION NT, R(YrFIHILL Roth Hil, LLC Te1425.869.9W www.rothhill.com 11130 NE 33rd Place, Suite 200 Bellevue, WA 98004 SAND BAGS MUST COMPLETELY CO*M THE BOTTOM AND SIDES OF _NE DITCH 6'MI� CROSS SECTION 1 SAW L- DISTANCE SUCH MAT POINTS A k B ARE OF EQUAL ELEVATION. CHECK DAM DETAIL NTS TEMPORARY EROSIONISEDIMENTATION CONTROL NOTES: 1, APPROVAL OF THIS TEMPORARY EROSION/SEDIMENTATION CONTROL (TESL) PLAN DOES NOT CONSTITUTE AN APPROVAL OF PERMANENT ROAD OR DRAINAGE DESIGN (E.G. SIZE AND LOCATION OF ROADS, PIPES, RESTRICTORS, CHANNELS. RETENTION FACILITIES. UTILITIES, ETC.) 2. CONTRACTOR REQUIRED TO SUBMIT TESC AND DEWATERING PLAN TO OWNER AND ENGINEER FOR REVIEW PRIOR TO CONSTRUCTION. 3. CONTRACTOR AND AN ON -SITE REPRESENTATIVE OF OWNER WILL REVIEW THE INSTALLATICN, MAINTENANCE AND PERFORMANCE OF THE TESC MEASURES SHOWN ON THE APPROVED PLANS. THE TESC OBSERVER OR PERMITTING AGENCY MAY RECOMMEND ADDITIONAL MEASURES OR CHANGES TO THE TESL PLAN THAT ARE WARRANTED DURING CONSTRUCTION. THE CONTRACTOR AND OBSERVER WILL EXAMINE ALL TESC MEASURES PERIODICALLY DURING THE CONSTRUCTION PERIOD, AND AFTER STORMS HAVING 0.5 INCHES OR MORE OF RAINFALL IN A 24-HOUR PERIOD. THE OBSERVER AND THE PERMITTING AGENCYHAVE THE AUTHORITY TO REQUIRE CORRECTIVE ACTION IN ORDER TO ACHIEVE EROSION CONTROL OBJECTIVES. 4. THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THESE TESC PLANS AND THE CONSTRUCTION, MAINTENANCE, REPLACEMENT, AND UPGRADING OF THESE TESC FACILITIES 15 THE RESPONSIBILITY OF THE CONTRACTOR UNTIL ALL CONSTRUCTION IS APPROVED. TESC MEASURES SHALL REMAIN FUNCTIONING AND IN PLACE UNTIL THE SITE HAS BEEN STABILIZED AND THE PERMITTING AGENCY, OWNER OR ENGINEER HAS APPROVED THE REMOVAL OF THE TESC MEASURES. 5. AS CONSTRUCTION PROGRESSES AND UNEXPECTED SEASONAL CONDITIONS DICTATE, ADDITIONAL TESC MEASURES MAY BECOME NECESSARY TO PROTECT ADJACENT PROPERTIES AND TO ENSURE WATER QUALITY FOR SITE RUNOFF. IT SHALL BE THE CONTRACTOR'S RESPONSIBILITY TO ADDRESS DEFICIENT TESC CONDITIONS. AND TO PROVIDE ADDITIONAL FACILITIES, OVER AND ABOVE THE MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS OUTLINED ON THE APPROVED PLANS AS NEEDED. 6. THE TESC FACILITIES SHOWN ON THIS PLAN MUST BE CONSTRUCTED IN CONJUNCTION WITH ALL CLEARING AND GRADING ACTIVITIES. AND IN SUCH A MANNER AS TO INSURE THAT SEDIMENT LADEN WATER DOES NOT ENTER THE DRAINAGE SYSTEM OR VIOLATE APPLICABLE WATER QUALITY STANDARDS. 7. THE TESC FACILITIES SHOWN ON THIS PLAN ARE THE MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS FOR ANTICIPATED SITE CONDITIONS. DURING THE CONSTRUCTION PERIOD, THESE TESC FACILITIES SHALL BE UPGRADED (E.G. ADDITIONAL SUMPS, RELOCATION OF DITCHES AND SILT FENCES, ETC.) AS NEEDED FOR STORM EVENTS. B. THE TESC FACILITIES SHALL BE INSPECTED DAILY BY THE CONTRACTOR AND MAINTAINED AS NECESSARY TO ENSURE THEIR CONTINUED FUNCTIONING. 9. ANY AREA NEEDING TE5C MEASURE, NOT REQUIRING IMMEDIATE ATTENTION, SHALL BE STABILIZED WITHIN FIFTEEN (15) DAYS. 10. AT NO TIME SHALL MORE THAN ONE FOOT OF SEDIMENT BE ALLOWED TO ACCUMULATE WITHIN A CATCH BASIN. ALL CATCH BASINS AND CONVEYANCE LINES SHALL BE CLEANED PRIOR TO PAVING. THE CLEANING OPERATION SHALL NOT FLUSH SEDIMENT LADEN WATER INTO THE DOWNSTREAM SYSTEM. mHL �L FeIcAS NOTED wlnw�'iwe Wo Iw�X IwI IH..e O5H N0. REVISION BY DATE APPIR J�WALIG ���✓`e6Oq WAS OR n 36087 A' SCNA CITY OF STONEGATE LIFT STATION CONVEYANCE + RENTON IMPROVEMENTS Plonning/BwldiNq/Public works Dept. MISC. DETAILS 26 NE 3-23-5 & NW 2-22-5 I I I �= I O I Uj I o I 2' WOOD I . POSTS � I O ASPHALT � "¢ DRIVE I 2 WOOO FILTER FABRIC FENCE (TYP) !� , I ��- - - - - WALL SEE DETAIL SHT. 28 ' c `i i wM a' c C n7-/ 13 W fi �- 3- U l— Q CULVERT IE=359.95 12" CONC PLANE EX. PAVEMENT & MATCH EX.—•�—. PAVEMENT GRADE PER BUTT JOINT DETAIL SHT. 26 REPLACE EX. CURB, GUTTER &� SIDEWALK PER CITY OF RENTON STD, PLANS 101, 102 & 103 INSTALL WHEELCHAIR RAMP w/— DETECTABLE WARNING PATTERN PER OTY OF RENTON STD. PLAN 106.1 CONTRACTOR SHALL MAKE REPAIRS — TO EX, IRRIGATION SYSTEM AS REO'D. 148TH AVE SE / NILE AVE NEWM Y -- •--,- I11ASPHALT °A 1 DRIVE r '�. le° 357�.9 \ ? -- 16"CMP INSTALL INLET/OUTLET PROTECTION (TYP) SEE DETAIL SHT. 28 FILTER FABRIC FENCE (TYP) INSTALL CHECK DAMS AS SEE DETAIL SHT. 28 REO'O. (TYP) SEE DETAIL 6 0 SHT. 28 • - FILTER FABRIC FENCE (TYP) r"m EE DETAIL SHT. 28 wromI FA EU 36769 • CUL RT 6' WOOD FENCE 12"GONG E-3 .5812"C C ONST. BASELINE IJJ _ FILTER FABRIC FENCE (TYP) SEE DETAIL SHT. 28 a N INSTALL INLET/OUTLET PROTECTION (TYP) SEE DETAIL SHT. 28 PHILL 20 D SCALE 20 40 Roth Hill, LLC Tel 425.869.9448 www.rothhill.com ( FEET ) 11130 NE 331d Place, Suite 200 Bellevue, WA 98004 1 INCH - 20 FT FOR CONTINUATION SEE SHT. 23 O ! � �: f ?'TALL `AURHI!10 't r f t f _ It P ! • 16_CM / '-ti 12"CMP yC£-� FH> ` G_ — x -yam--- BASEUNE IE=330.37 I I -CULVERT 16"CMP `CULVERT CULVERT IE-2;325 45 m IEe329.88 IE-326.18 16"CMP 12"CMP PLANE EX. PAVEMENT & MATCH EX. 6\ PAVEMENT GRADE PER BUTT JOINT DETAIL SHT. 26 DOUBLE YELLOI I 1 1 PLANE EXISTING PAVEMENT PLACE NEW 4" THICK CONCRETE SIDEWALK PLACE NEW 2" THICK ASPHALT OVERLAY NOTES: 1. CONTRACTOR IS RESPONSIBLE FOR ADJUSTING ALL MANHOLE LIDS, CATCH BASIN FRAMES AND GRATES, AND UTILITY VALVE BOXES TO FINISH GRADE. 2. CONTRACTOR IS RESPONSBLE FOR REPLACING ALL EXISTING PAVEMENT MARKINGS & TRAFFIC BUTTONS IN NEW ASPHALT OVERLAY AREAS. e� OQ WA a �38MT 0'c•`� j •ue rt. "AIL°+. 1"-STONEGATE LIFT STATION CONVEYANCE Rwe 2G' CITY OF RENTON IMPROVEMENTS .� DSH t oATUM SCHEDULE B ., •l Planning/Building/Public Works Dept. ROAD RESTORATION NO. REVISION BY DATE APPR �� � '�" ^m°°R' 148TH AVE SE / NILE AVE NE 25 Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan Appendix B — Construction BMPs High Visibility Plastic or Metal Fence (BMP C103) Plastic Covering (BMP C123) Dust Control (BMP C 140) Concrete Handling (BMP C151) Sawcutting and Surface Pollution Prevention (BMP C152) Scheduling (BMP C 162) Check Dams (BMP C207) Storm Drain Inlet Protection (BMP C220) Silt Fence (BMP C233) Sediment Trap (BMP C240) Construction Stormwater Chemical Treatment (BMP C250) Construction Stormwater Filtration (BMP C251) 31 Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan 32 BMP C103: High Visibility Plastic or Metal Fence Ptu pose Fencing is intended to: (1) restrict clearing to approved limits; (2) prevent disturbance of sensitive areas, their buffers, and other areas required to be left undisturbed; (3) limit construction traffic to designated construction entrances or roads; and, (4) protect areas where marking with survey tape may not provide adequate protection. Conditions of Use To establish clearing limits, plastic or metal fence may be used: • At the boundary of sensitive areas, their buffers, and other areas required to be left uncleared. • As necessary to control vehicle access to and on the site. Design and High visibility plastic fence shall be composed of a high -density Installation polyethylene material and shall be at least four feet in height. Posts Specifications for the fencing shall be steel or wood and placed every 6 feet on center (maximum) or as needed to ensure rigidity. The fencing shall be fastened to the post every six inches with a polyethylene tie. On long continuous lengths of fencing, a tension wire or rope shall be used as a top stringer to prevent sagging between posts. The fence color shall be high visibility orange. The fence tensile strength shall be 360 lbs./ft. using the ASTM D4595 testing method. • Metal fences shall be designed and installed according to the manufacturer's specifications. • Metal fences shall be at least 3 feet high and must be highly visible. • Fences shall not be wired or stapled to trees. Maintenance If the fence has been damaged or visibility reduced, it shall be Standards repaired or replaced immediately and visibility restored. 4-6 Volume 11 — Construction Stormwater Pollution Prevention February 2005 BMP C123: Plastic Covering Purpose Plastic covering provides immediate, short-term erosion protection to slopes and disturbed areas. Conditions of Plastic covering may be used on disturbed areas that require cover Use measures for less than 30 days, except as stated below. • Plastic is particularly useful for protecting cut and fill slopes and stockpiles. Note: The relatively rapid breakdown of most polyethylene sheeting makes it unsuitable for long-term (greater than six months) applications. • Clear plastic sheeting can be used over newly -seeded areas to create a greenhouse effect and encourage grass growth if the hydroseed was installed too late in the season to establish 75 percent grass cover, or if the wet season started earlier than normal. Clear plastic should not be used for this purpose during the summer months because the resulting high temperatures can kill the grass. • Due to rapid runoff caused by plastic sheeting, this method shall not be used upslope of areas that might be adversely impacted by concentrated runoff. Such areas include steep and/or unstable slopes. • While plastic is inexpensive to purchase, the added cost of installation, maintenance, removal, and disposal make this an expensive material, up to $1.50-2.00 per square yard. • Whenever plastic is used to protect slopes, water collection measures must be installed at the base of the slope. These measures include plastic -covered berms, channels, and pipes used to covey clean rainwater away from bare soil and disturbed areas. At no time is clean runoff from a plastic covered slope to be mixed with dirty runoff from a project. Other uses for plastic include: 1. Temporary ditch liner; 2. Pond liner in temporary sediment pond; 3. Liner for bermed temporary fuel storage area if plastic is not reactive to the type of fuel being stored; 4. Emergency slope protection during heavy rains; and, 5. Temporary drainpipe ("elephant trunk') used to direct water. 4-26 Volume 11 — Construction Stormwater Pollution Prevention February 2005 Design and Plastic slope cover must be installed as follows: Installation 1. Run plastic up and down slope, not across slope; Specifications 2. Plastic may be installed perpendicular to a slope if the slope length is less than 10 feet; 3. Minimum of 8-inch overlap at seams; Maintenance Standards 4. On long or wide slopes, or slopes subject to wind, all seams should be taped; 5. Place plastic into a small (12-inch wide by 6-inch deep) slot trench at the top of the slope and backfill with soil to keep water from flowing underneath; 6. Place sand filled burlap or geotextile bags every 3 to 6 feet along seams and pound a wooden stake through each to hold them in place; 7. Inspect plastic for rips, tears, and open seams regularly and repair immediately. This prevents high velocity runoff from contacting bare soil which causes extreme erosion; 8. Sandbags may be lowered into place tied to ropes. However, all sandbags must be staked in place. • Plastic sheeting shall have a minimum thickness of 0.06 millimeters. • If erosion at the toe of a slope is likely, a gravel berm, riprap, or other suitable protection shall be installed at the toe of the slope in order to reduce the velocity of runoff. • Torn sheets must be replaced and open seams repaired. • If the plastic begins to deteriorate due to ultraviolet radiation, it must be completely removed and replaced. When the plastic is no longer needed, it shall be completely removed. • Dispose of old tires appropriately. February 2005 Volume 11 — Construction Stormwater Pollution Prevention 4-27 BMP C140: Dust Control Purpose Dust control prevents wind transport of dust from disturbed soil surfaces onto roadways, drainage ways, and surface waters. Conditions of Use In areas (including roadways) subject to surface and air movement of dust where on -site and off -site impacts to roadways, drainage ways, or surface waters are likely. Design and . Vegetate or mulch areas that will not receive vehicle traffic. In areas Installation where planting, mulching, or paving is impractical, apply gravel or Specifications landscaping rock. • Limit dust generation by clearing only those areas where immediate activity will take place, leaving the remaining area(s) in the original condition, if stable. Maintain the original ground cover as long as practical. • Construct natural or artificial windbreaks or windscreens. These may be designed as enclosures for small dust sources. • Sprinkle the site with water until surface is wet. Repeat as needed. To prevent carryout of mud onto street, refer to Stabilized Construction Entrance (BMP C105). • Irrigation water can be used for dust control. Irrigation systems should be installed as a first step on sites where dust control is a concern. • Spray exposed soil areas with a dust palliative, following the manufacturer's instructions and cautions regarding handling and application. Used oil is prohibited from use as a dust suppressant. Local governments may approve other dust palliatives such as calcium chloride or PAM. • PAM (BMP C 126) added to water at a rate of 0.5 lbs. per 1,000 gallons of water per acre and applied from a water truck is more effective than water alone. This is due to the increased infiltration of water into the soil and reduced evaporation. In addition, small soil particles are bonded together and are not as easily transported by wind. Adding PAM may actually reduce the quantity of water needed for dust control, especially in eastern Washington. Since the wholesale cost of PAM is about $ 4.00 per pound, this is an extremely cost- effective dust control method. Techniques that can be used for unpaved roads and lots include: • Lower speed limits. High vehicle speed increases the amount of dust stirred up from unpaved roads and lots. • Upgrade the road surface strength by improving particle size, shape, and mineral types that make up the surface and base materials. 4-40 Volume 11 — Construction Stormwater Pollution Prevention February 2005 • Add surface gravel to reduce the source of dust emission. Limit the amount of fine particles (those smaller than .075 mm) to 10 to 20 percent. • Use geotextile fabrics to increase the strength of new roads or roads undergoing reconstruction. • Encourage the use of alternate, paved routes, if available. • Restrict use by tracked vehicles and heavy trucks to prevent damage to road surface and base. • Apply chemical dust suppressants using the admix method, blending the product with the top few inches of surface material. Suppressants may also be applied as surface treatments. • Pave unpaved permanent roads and other trafficked areas. • Use vacuum street sweepers. • Remove mud and other dirt promptly so it does not dry and then turn into dust. • Limit dust -causing work on windy days. • Contact your local Air Pollution Control Authority for guidance and training on other dust control measures. Compliance with the local Air Pollution Control Authority constitutes compliance with this BMP. Maintenance Respray area as necessary to keep dust to a minimum. Standards February 2005 Volume 11— Construction Stormwater Pollution Prevention 4-41 BMP C151: Concrete Handling Purpose Concrete work can generate process water and slurry that contain fine particles and high pH, both of which can violate water quality standards in the receiving water. This BMP is intended to minimize and eliminate concrete process water and slurry from entering waters of the state. Conditions of Use Any time concrete is used, these management practices shall be utilized. Concrete construction projects include, but are not limited to, the following: • Curbs Sidewalks Roads Bridges Foundations • Floors Runways Design and • Concrete truck chutes, pumps, and internals shall be washed out only Installation into formed areas awaiting installation of concrete or asphalt. Specifications • Unused concrete remaining in the truck and pump shall be returned to the originating batch plant for recycling. • Hand tools including, but not limited to, screeds, shovels, rakes, floats, and trowels shall be washed off only into formed areas awaiting installation of concrete or asphalt. • Equipment that cannot be easily moved, such as concrete pavers, shall only be washed in areas that do not directly drain to natural or constructed stormwater conveyances. • Washdown from areas such as concrete aggregate driveways shall not drain directly to natural or constructed stormwater conveyances. • When no formed areas are available, washwater and leftover product shall be contained in a lined container. Contained concrete shall be disposed of in a manner that does not violate groundwater or surface water quality standards. Maintenance Containers shall be checked for holes in the liner daily during concrete Standards pours and repaired the same day. February 2005 Volume 11 — Construction Stormwater Pollution Prevention 4-43 BMP C152: Sawcutting and Surfacing Pollution Prevention Pnipose Sawcutting and surfacing operations generate slurry and process water that contains fine particles and high pH (concrete cutting), both of which can violate the water quality standards in the receiving water. This BMP is intended to minimize and eliminate process water and slurry from entering waters of the State. Conditions of Use Anytime sawcutting or surfacing operations take place, these management practices shall be utilized. Sawcutting and surfacing operations include, but are not limited to, the following: • Sawing • Coring • Grinding • Roughening • Hydro -demolition • Bridge and road surfacing Design and • Slurry and cuttings shall be vacuumed during cutting and surfacing Installation operations. Specifications • Slurry and cuttings shall not remain on permanent concrete or asphalt pavement overnight. • Slurry and cuttings shall not drain to any natural or constructed drainage conveyance. • Collected slurry and cuttings shall be disposed of in a manner that does not violate groundwater or surface water quality standards. • Process water that is generated during hydro -demolition, surface roughening or similar operations shall not drain to any natural or constructed drainage conveyance and shall be disposed of in a manner that does not violate groundwater or surface water quality standards. • Cleaning waste material and demolition debris shall be handled and disposed of in a manner that does not cause contamination of water. If the area is swept with a pick-up sweeper, the material must be hauled out of the area to an appropriate disposal site. Maintenance Continually monitor operations to determine whether slurry, cuttings, or Standards process water could enter waters of the state. If inspections show that a violation of water quality standards could occur, stop operations and immediately implement preventive measures such as berms, barriers, secondary containment, and vacuum trucks. 4-44 Volume 11 — Construction Stormwater Pollution Prevention February 2005 BMP C162: Scheduling Purpose Sequencing a construction project reduces the amount and duration of soil exposed to erosion by wind, rain, runoff, and vehicle tracking. Conditions of Use The construction sequence schedule is an orderly listing of all major land - disturbing activities together with the necessary erosion and sedimentation control measures planned for the project. This type of schedule guides the contractor on work to be done before other work is started so that serious erosion and sedimentation problems can be avoided. Following a specified work schedule that coordinates the timing of land - disturbing activities and the installation of control measures is perhaps the most cost-effective way of controlling erosion during construction. The removal of surface ground cover leaves a site vulnerable to accelerated erosion. Construction procedures that limit land clearing, provide timely installation of erosion and sedimentation controls, and restore protective cover quickly can significantly reduce the erosion potential of a site. Design • Avoid rainy periods. Considerations . Schedule projects to disturb only small portions of the site at any one time. Complete grading as soon as possible. Immediately stabilize the disturbed portion before grading the next portion. Practice staged seeding in order to revegetate cut and fill slopes as the work progresses. 4-54 Volume 11 — Construction Stormwater Pollution Prevention February 2005 BMP C207: Check Dams Purpose Construction of small dams across a swale or ditch reduces the velocity of concentrated flow and dissipates energy at the check dam. Conditions of Use Where temporary channels or permanent channels are not yet vegetated, channel lining is infeasible, and velocity checks are required. • Check dams may not be placed in streams unless approved by the State Department of Fish and Wildlife. Check dams may not be placed in wetlands without approval from a permitting agency. • Check dams shall not be placed below the expected backwater from any salmonid bearing water between October 1 and May 31 to ensure that there is no loss of high flow refuge habitat for overwintering juvenile salmonids and emergent salmonid fry. Design and Whatever material is used, the dam should form a triangle when viewed Installation from the side. This prevents undercutting as water flows over the face of Specifications the dam rather than falling directly onto the ditch bottom. Check dams in association with sumps work more effectively at slowing flow and retaining sediment than just a check dam alone. A deep sump should be provided immediately upstream of the check dam. • In some cases, if carefully located and designed, check dams can remain as permanent installations with very minor regrading. They may be left as either spillways, in which case accumulated sediment would be graded and seeded, or as check dams to prevent further sediment from leaving the site. • Check dams can be constructed of either rock or pea -gravel filled bags. Numerous new products are also available for this purpose. They tend to be re -usable, quick and easy to install, effective, and cost efficient. • Check dams should be placed perpendicular to the flow of water. • The maximum spacing between the dams shall be such that the toe of the upstream dam is at the same elevation as the top of the downstream dam. • Keep the maximum height at 2 feet at the center of the dam. • Keep the center of the check dam at least 12 inches lower than the outer edges at natural ground elevation. • Keep the side slopes of the check dam at 2:1 or flatter. • Key the stone into the ditch banks and extend it beyond the abutments a minimum of 18 inches to avoid washouts from overflow around the dam. February 2005 Volume 11 — Construction Stormwater Pollution Prevention 4-75 • Use filter fabric foundation under a rock or sand bag check dam. If a blanket ditch liner is used, this is not necessary. A piece of organic or synthetic blanket cut to fit will also work for this purpose. • Rock check dams shall be constructed of appropriately sized rock. The rock must be placed by hand or by mechanical means (no dumping of rock to form dam) to achieve complete coverage of the ditch or swale and to ensure that the center of the dam is lower than the edges. The rock used must be large enough to stay in place given the expected design flow through the channel. • In the case of grass -lined ditches and swales, all check dams and accumulated sediment shall be removed when the grass has matured sufficiently to protect the ditch or Swale - unless the slope of the swale is greater than 4 percent. The area beneath the check dams shall be seeded and mulched immediately after dam removal. • Ensure that channel appurtenances, such as culvert entrances below check dams, are not subject to damage or blockage from displaced stones. Figure 4.13 depicts a typical rock check dam. Maintenance Check dams shall be monitored for performance and sediment Standards accumulation during and after each runoff producing rainfall. Sediment shall be removed when it reaches one half the sump depth. • Anticipate submergence and deposition above the check dam and erosion from high flows around the edges of the dam. • If significant erosion occurs between dams, install a protective riprap liner in that portion of the channel. 4-76 Volume 11— Construction Stormwater Pollution Prevention February 2005 View Looking Upstream NOTE: Key stone into channel banks and extend it beyond the abutments a minimum of 18" (0.5m) to prevent flow around dam. Section A - A PI 01A/ 18" (0.5m) — A00 M)l ) 24" (0.6m) A Spacing Between Check Dams 'L' = the distance such that points 'A' and 'B' are of equal elevation. POINT 'A' Figure 4.13 — Check Dams POINT ' B' NOT TO SCALE February 2005 Volume 11 — Construction Stormwater Pollution Prevention 4-77 BMP C220: Storm Drain Inlet Protection Purpose To prevent coarse sediment from entering drainage systems prior to permanent stabilization of the disturbed area. Conditions of Use Where storm drain inlets are to be made operational before permanent stabilization of the disturbed drainage area. Protection should be provided for all storm drain inlets downslope and within 500 feet of a disturbed or construction area, unless the runoff that enters the catch basin will be conveyed to a sediment pond or trap. Inlet protection may be used anywhere to protect the drainage system. It is likely that the drainage system will still require cleaning. Table 4.9 lists several options for inlet protection. All of the methods for storm drain inlet protection are prone to plugging and require a high frequency of maintenance. Drainage areas should be limited to 1 acre or less. Emergency overflows may be required where stormwater ponding would cause a hazard. If an emergency overflow is provided, additional end -of -pipe treatment may be required. Table 4.9 Storm Drain Inlet Protetion Applicable for Type of Inlet Emergency Paved/ Earthen Protection Overflow Surfaces Conditions of Use Drop Inlet Protection Excavated drop inlet Yes, Earthen Applicable for heavy flows. Easy protection temporary to maintain. Large area flooding will Requirement: 30' X 30'/acre occur Block and gravel drop Yes Paved or Earthen Applicable for heavy concentrated inlet protection flows. Will not pond. Gravel and wire drop No Applicable for heavy concentrated inlet protection flows. Will pond. Can withstand traffic. Catch basin filters Yes Paved or Earthen Frequent maintenance required. Curb Inlet Protection Curb inlet protection Small capacity Paved Used for sturdy, more compact with a wooden weir overflow installation. Block and gravel curb Yes Paved Sturdy, but limited filtration. inlet protection Culvert Inlet Protection Culvert inlet sediment 18 month expected life. trap 4-82 Volume 11 — Construction Stormwater Pollution Prevention February 2005 Design and Excavated Drop Inlet Protection - An excavated impoundment around the Installation storm drain. Sediment settles out of the stormwater prior to entering the Specifications storm drain. • Depth 1-2 ft as measured from the crest of the inlet structure. • Side Slopes of excavation no steeper than 2:1. • Minimum volume of excavation 35 cubic yards. • Shape basin to fit site with longest dimension oriented toward the longest inflow area. • Install provisions for draining to prevent standing water problems. • Clear the area of all debris. • Grade the approach to the inlet uniformly. • Drill weep holes into the side of the inlet. • Protect weep holes with screen wire and washed aggregate. • Seal weep holes when removing structure and stabilizing area. • It may be necessary to build a temporary dike to the down slope side of the structure to prevent bypass flow. Block and Gravel Filter - A barrier formed around the storm drain inlet with standard concrete blocks and gravel. See Figure 4.14. • Height 1 to 2 feet above inlet. • Recess the first row 2 inches into the ground for stability. Support subsequent courses by placing a 2x4 through the block opening. Do not use mortar. Lay some blocks in the bottom row on their side for dewatering the pool. Place hardware cloth or comparable wire mesh with'/2-inch openings over all block openings. Place gravel just below the top of blocks on slopes of 2:1 or flatter. An alternative design is a gravel donut. Inlet slope of 3:1. Outlet slope of 2:1. • 1-foot wide level stone area between the structure and the inlet. • Inlet slope stones 3 inches in diameter or larger. • Outlet slope use gravel'/2- to 3/-inch at a minimum thickness of' 1-foot. February 2005 Volume 11 — Construction Stormwater Pollution Prevention 4-83 Plan View A Drain Grate °o0. o°o° °O•o °CV.��°O o O °Q�Oa�oc� �Qo °oc�° Mo o °gcQ� 0004 -00°00 6.1q o�oo Concrete Block ° Q• �Oo ° aor Gravel Casa e� Backfill o. o °C�° ° OO •O°O� o C" Q°ot�110�'OO �4�00�O��a 0 Q eyyr�°Q� A �15 Section A - A Concrete Block \ Wire Screen or Filter Fabric Gravel Backfill — Overflow Ponding Height Water Water 1 F IF11 U. v,o a, /\ /\\/\\/\� Drop Inlet Notes: 1. Drop inlet sediment barriers are to be used for small, nearly level drainage areas. (less than 5%) 2. Excavate a basin of sufficient size adjacent to the drop inlet. 3. The top of the structure (ponding height) must be well below the ground elevation downslope to prevent runoff from bypassing the inlet. A temporary dike may be necessary on the dowslope side of the structure. Figure 4.14 — Block and Gravel Filter Gravel and Wire Mesh Filter - A gravel barrier placed over the top of the inlet. This structure does not provide an overflow. • Hardware cloth or comparable wire mesh with'h-inch openings. • Coarse aggregate. • Height 1-foot or more, 18 inches wider than inlet on all sides. • Place wire mesh over the drop inlet so that the wire extends a minimum of 1-foot beyond each side of the inlet structure. • If more than one strip of mesh is necessary, overlap the strips. • Place coarse aggregate over the wire mesh. • The depth of the gravel should be at least 12 inches over the entire inlet opening and extend at least 18 inches on all sides. 4-84 Volume 11 — Construction Stormwater Pollution Prevention February 2005 Catchbasin Filters - Inserts should be designed by the manufacturer for use at construction sites. The limited sediment storage capacity increases the amount of inspection and maintenance required, which may be daily for heavy sediment loads. The maintenance requirements can be reduced by combining a catchbasin filter with another type of inlet protection. This type of inlet protection provides flow bypass without overflow and therefore may be a better method for inlets located along active rights -of - way. 5 cubic feet of storage. Dewatering provisions. High -flow bypass that will not clog under normal use at a construction site. The catchbasin filter is inserted in the catchbasin just below the grating. Curb Inlet Protection with Wooden Weir — Barrier formed around a curb inlet with a wooden frame and gravel. • Wire mesh with'`/z-inch openings. • Extra strength filter cloth. • Construct a frame. • Attach the wire and filter fabric to the frame. • Pile coarse washed aggregate against wire/fabric. • Place weight on frame anchors. Block and Gravel Curb Inlet Protection — Barrier formed around an inlet with concrete blocks and gravel. See Figure 4.14. • Wire mesh with `/2-inch openings. • Place two concrete blocks on their sides abutting the curb at either side of the inlet opening. These are spacer blocks. • Place a 2x4 stud through the outer holes of each spacer block to align the front blocks. • Place blocks on their sides across the front of the inlet and abutting the spacer blocks. • Place wire mesh over the outside vertical face. • Pile coarse aggregate against the wire to the top of the barrier. Curb and Gutter Sediment Barrier — Sandbag or rock berm (riprap and aggregate) 3 feet high and 3 feet wide in a horseshoe shape. See Figure 4.16. • Construct a horseshoe shaped berm, faced with coarse aggregate if using riprap, 3 feet high and 3 feet wide, at least 2 feet from the inlet. • Construct a horseshoe shaped sedimentation trap on the outside of the berm sized to sediment trap standards for protecting a culvert inlet. February 2005 Volume 11 — Construction Stormwater Pollution Prevention 4-85 Maintenance Catch basin filters should be inspected frequently, especially after Standards storm events. If the insert becomes clogged, it should be cleaned or replaced. • For systems using stone filters: If the stone filter becomes clogged with sediment, the stones must be pulled away from the inlet and cleaned or replaced. Since cleaning of gravel at a construction site may be difficult, an alternative approach would be to use the clogged stone as fill and put fresh stone around the inlet. • Do not wash sediment into storm drains while cleaning. Spread all excavated material evenly over the surrounding land area or stockpile and stabilize as appropriate. 4-86 Volume 11 — Construction Stormwater Pollution Prevention February 2005 Plan View SeCi��v�� #-"% — /--% (20mm) %I'Drain Gravel (20mm) Ponding Height Concrete Block r rfl Wire Screen or %V>/���/�� Filter Fabric �i�/ Catch Basin 4 Wood Stud (100x50 Timber Stud) NOTES: 1. Use block and gravel type sediment barrier when curb inlet is located in gently sloping street segment, where water can pond and allow sediment to separate from runoff. 2. Barrier shall allow for overflow from severe storm event. 3. Inspect barriers and remove sediment after each storm event. Sediment and gravel must be removed from the traveled way immediately. Figure 4.15 — Block and Gravel Curb Inlet Protection February 2005 Volume 11 — Construction Stormwater Pollution Prevention 4-87 Plan View Back of Sidewalk ('Dinh Rosin NOTES: 1. Place curb type sediment barriers on gently sloping street segments, where water can pond and alloxv sediment to separate from runoff. 2. Sandbags of either burlap or woven 'geotextile' fabric, are filled with gravel, layered and packed tightly. 3. Leave a one sandbag gap in the top row to provide a spillway for overflow. 4. Inspect barriers and remove sediment after each storm event. Sediment and gravel must be removed from the traveled way immediately. Figure 4.16 — Curb and Gutter Barrier 4-88 Volume 11 — Construction Stormwater Pollution Prevention February 2005 BMP C233: Silt Fence Purpose Conditions of Use Design and Installation Specifications Use of a silt fence reduces the transport of coarse sediment from a construction site by providing a temporary physical barrier to sediment and reducing the runoff velocities of overland flow. See Figure 4.19 for details on silt fence construction. Silt fence may be used downslope of all disturbed areas. Silt fence is not intended to treat concentrated flows, nor is it intended to treat substantial amounts of overland flow. Any concentrated flows must be conveyed through the drainage system to a sediment pond. The only circumstance in which overland flow can be treated solely by a silt fence, rather than by a sediment pond, is when the area draining to the fence is one acre or less and flow rates are less than 0.5 cfs. • Silt fences should not be constructed in streams or used in V-shaped ditches. They are not an adequate method of silt control for anything deeper than sheet or overland flow. Joints in filter fabric shall be spliced at posts. Use staples, wire rings or 2"x2" by 14 Ga. wire or equivalent to attach fabric to posts equivalent, if standard _ strength fabric used Filter fabric II I E N II _ _T Lw - 6' max — Minimum 4"x4" trench Backfill trench with native soil 107- t N Post spacing may be increased or 3/4"-1.5" washed gravel to 8' if wire backing is used 2"x2" wood posts, steel fence posts, or equivalent Figure 4.19 — Silt Fence • Drainage area of 1 acre or less or in combination with sediment basin in a larger site. • Maximum slope steepness (normal (perpendicular) to fence line) 1:1. • Maximum sheet or overland flow path length to the fence of 100 feet. No flows greater than 0.5 cfs. • The geotextile used shall meet the following standards. All geotextile properties listed below are minimum average roll values (i.e., the test result for any sampled roll in a lot shall meet or exceed the values shown in Table 4.10): 4-94 Volume 11 — Construction Stormwater Pollution Prevention February 2005 Table 4.10 Geotextile Standards Polymeric Mesh AOS 0.60 mm maximum for slit film wovens (#30 sieve). 0.30 (ASTM D4751) mm maximum for all other geotextile types (#50 sieve). 0.15 mm minimum for all fabric types (#100 sieve). Water Permittivity 0.02 sec-1 minimum (ASTM D4491) Grab Tensile Strength 180 lbs. Minimum for extra strength fabric. (ASTM D4632) 1001bs minimum for standard strength fabric. Grab Tensile Strength 30% maximum (ASTM D4632) Ultraviolet Resistance 70% minimum (ASTM D4355) • Standard strength fabrics shall be supported with wire mesh, chicken wire, 2-inch x 2-inch wire, safety fence, or jute mesh to increase the strength of the fabric. Silt fence materials are available that have synthetic mesh backing attached. • Filter fabric material shall contain ultraviolet ray inhibitors and stabilizers to provide a minimum of six months of expected usable construction life at a temperature range of 0°F. to 120°F. 100 percent biodegradable silt fence is available that is strong, long lasting, and can be left in place after the project is completed, if permitted by local regulations. Standard Notes for construction plans and specifications follow. Refer to Figure 4.19 for standard silt fence details. The contractor shall install and maintain temporary silt fences at the locations shown in the Plans. The silt fences shall be constructed in the areas of clearing, grading, or drainage prior to starting those activities. A silt fence shall not be considered temporary if the silt fence must function beyond the life of the contract. The silt fence shall prevent soil carried by runoff water from going beneath, through, or over the top of the silt fence, but shall allow the water to pass through the fence. The minimum height of the top of silt fence shall be 2 feet and the maximum height shall be 21/2feet above the original ground surface. The geotextile shall be sewn together at the point of manufacture, or at an approved location as determined by the Engineer, to form geotextile lengths as required. All sewn seams shall be located at a support post. Alternatively, two sections of silt fence can be overlapped, provided the Contractor can demonstrate, to the satisfaction of the Engineer, that the overlap is long enough and that the adjacent fence sections are close enough together to prevent silt laden water from escaping through the fence at the overlap. February 2005 Volume 11 — Construction Stormwater Pollution Prevention 4-95 The geotextile shall be attached on the up -slope side of the posts and support system with staples, wire, or in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations. The geotextile shall be attached to the posts in a manner that reduces the potential for geotextile tearing at the staples, wire, or other connection device. Silt fence back-up support for the geotextile in the form of a wire or plastic mesh is dependent on the properties of the geotextile selected for use. If wire or plastic back-up mesh is used, the mesh shall be fastened securely to the up -slope of the posts with the geotextile being up -slope of the mesh back-up support. The geotextile at the bottom of the fence shall be buried in a trench to a minimum depth of 4 inches below the ground surface. The trench shall be backfilled and the soil tamped in place over the buried portion of the geotextile, such that no flow can pass beneath the fence and scouring can not occur. When wire or polymeric back-up support mesh is used, the wire or polymeric mesh shall extend into the trench a minimum of 3 inches. The fence posts shall be placed or driven a minimum of 18 inches. A minimum depth of 12 inches is allowed if topsoil or other soft subgrade soil is not present and a minimum depth of 18 inches cannot be reached. Fence post depths shall be increased by 6 inches if the fence is located on slopes of 3:1 or steeper and the slope is perpendicular to the fence. If required post depths cannot be obtained, the posts shall be adequately secured by bracing or guying to prevent overturning of the fence due to sediment loading. Silt fences shall be located on contour as much as possible, except at the ends of the fence, where the fence shall be turned uphill such that the silt fence captures the runoff water and prevents water from flowing around the end of the fence. If the fence must cross contours, with the exception of the ends of the fence, gravel check dams placed perpendicular to the back of the fence shall be used to minimize concentrated flow and erosion along the back of the fence. The gravel check dams shall be approximately 1- foot deep at the back of the fence. It shall be continued perpendicular to the fence at the same elevation until the top of the check dam intercepts the ground surface behind the fence. The gravel check dams shall consist of crushed surfacing base course, gravel backfill for walls, or shoulder ballast. The gravel check dams shall be located every 10 feet along the fence where the fence must cross contours. The slope of the fence line where contours must be crossed shall not be steeper than 3:1. Wood, steel or equivalent posts shall be used. Wood posts shall have minimum dimensions of 2 inches by 2 inches by 3 feet minimum length, and shall be free of defects such as knots, splits, or gouges. 4-96 Volume 11 — Construction Stormwater Pollution Prevention February 2005 Steel posts shall consist of either size No. 6 rebar or larger, ASTM A 120 steel pipe with a minimum diameter of 1-inch, U, T, L, or C shape steel posts with a minimum weight of 1.35 lbs./ft. or other steel posts having equivalent strength and bending resistance to the post sizes listed. The spacing of the support posts shall be a maximum of 6 feet. Fence back-up support, if used, shall consist of steel wire with a maximum mesh spacing of 2 inches, or a prefabricated polymeric mesh. The strength of the wire or polymeric mesh shall be equivalent to or greater than 180 lbs. grab tensile strength. The polymeric mesh must be as resistant to ultraviolet radiation as the geotextile it supports. • Silt fence installation using the slicing method specification details follow. Refer to Figure 4.20 for slicing method details. The base of both end posts must be at least 2 to 4 inches above the top of the silt fence fabric on the middle posts for ditch checks to drain properly. Use a hand level or string level, if necessary, to mark base points before installation. Install posts 3 to 4 feet apart in critical retention areas and 6 to 7 feet apart in standard applications. Install posts 24 inches deep on the downstream side of the silt fence, and as close as possible to the fabric, enabling posts to support the fabric from upstream water pressure. Install posts with the nipples facing away from the silt fence fabric. Attach the fabric to each post with three ties, all spaced within the top 8 inches of the fabric. Attach each tie diagonally 45 degrees through the fabric, with each puncture at least 1 inch vertically apart. In addition, each tie should be positioned to hang on a post nipple when tightening to prevent sagging. Wrap approximately 6 inches of fabric around the end posts and secure with 3 ties. No more than 24 inches of a 36-inch fabric is allowed above ground level. The rope lock system must be used in all ditch check applications. The installation should be checked and corrected for any deviation before compaction. Use a flat -bladed shovel to tuck fabric deeper into the ground if necessary. Compaction is vitally important for effective results. Compact the soil immediately next to the silt fence fabric with the front wheel of the tractor, skid steer, or roller exerting at least 60 pounds per square inch. Compact the upstream side first and then each side twice for a total of four trips. February 2005 Volume 11— Construction Stormwater Pollution Prevention 4-97 • Any damage shall be repaired immediately. Maintenance If concentrated flows are evident uphill of the fence, they must be Standards intercepted and conveyed to a sediment pond. • It is important to check the uphill side of the fence for signs of the fence clogging and acting as a barrier to flow and then causing channelization of flows parallel to the fence. If this occurs, replace the fence or remove the trapped sediment. • Sediment deposits shall either be removed when the deposit reaches approximately one-third the height of the silt fence, or a second silt fence shall be installed. • If the filter fabric (geotextile) has deteriorated due to ultraviolet it shall be Pondiny height POST SPACING: __ 24- r tnnx on pen runs IF team en PNYn/ We — Attach f.bAc M uP.tT.ttT.M..f Pest FLOW—Y tMre over each .iM of POST DEPTH: .M Nnc. 2 to 4 ti... As -ft W.w Freund with device earb" a fabd. ol- yreued 60 F.J. x Vvet.r ' i00%s«wP.ea�J I 100%e«wPK0.e I I I 1 c!---h I I \\/� \\ \%\\�\��\\� ATTAC**.'M DETAILS: Gather f6bAc r at Pont, red . /\ Y • Utlpie tired f/ef p per Paid, al iin dhby K of P hobs fabric. % e Position each tia chaga lty, puncbj" vertically • Mang each " m a post rtippie and 6phten .ecvdy. No more than 24" of a 36e fabric use cabie ties (5ob4 or sat wire. is allowed above ground. Rol of sit fence ♦— Oppration fba inialed after Fahic compaction O above 9a� Sit Fence ,•A,�,�;�p 1 200-300mm yr, •%i ry Horcantal chisel powrt Slicing blade (76 nwr wdtti) (18 mm w ktth) Completed kiwaMtlort Vibratory plow is not acceptable because of horizontal compaction Figure 4.20 — Silt Fence Installation by Slicing Method 4-98 Volume ll — Construction Stormwater Pollution Prevention February 2005 BMP C240: Sediment Trap Purpose A sediment trap is a small temporary ponding area with a gravel outlet used to collect and store sediment from sites cleared and/or graded during construction. Sediment traps, along with other perimeter controls, shall be installed before any land disturbance takes place in the drainage area. Conditions of Use Prior to leaving a construction site, stormwater runoff must pass through a sediment pond or trap or other appropriate sediment removal best management practice. Non -engineered sediment traps may be used on -site prior to an engineered sediment trap or sediment pond to provide additional sediment removal capacity. It is intended for use on sites where the tributary drainage area is less than 3 acres, with no unusual drainage features, and a projected build -out time of six months or less. The sediment trap is a temporary measure (with a design life of approximately 6 months) and shall be maintained until the site area is permanently protected against erosion by vegetation and/or structures. Sediment traps and ponds are only effective in removing sediment down to about the medium silt size fraction. Runoff with sediment of finer grades (fine silt and clay) will pass through untreated, emphasizing the need to control erosion to the maximum extent first. Whenever possible, sediment -laden water shall be discharged into onsite, relatively level, vegetated areas (see BMP C234 — Vegetated Strip). This is the only way to effectively remove fine particles from runoff unless chemical treatment or filtration is used. This can be particularly useful after initial treatment in a sediment trap or pond. The areas of release must be evaluated on a site -by -site basis in order to determine appropriate locations for and methods of releasing runoff. Vegetated wetlands shall not be used for this purpose. Frequently, it may be possible to pump water from the collection point at the downhill end of the site to an upslope vegetated area. Pumping shall only augment the treatment system, not replace it, because of the possibility of pump failure or runoff volume in excess of pump capacity. All projects that are constructing permanent facilities for runoff quantity control should use the rough -graded or final -graded permanent facilities for traps and ponds. This includes combined facilities and infiltration facilities. When permanent facilities are used as temporary sedimentation facilities, the surface area requirement of a sediment trap or pond must be met. If the surface area requirements are larger than the surface area of the permanent facility, then the trap or pond shall be enlarged to comply with the surface area requirement. The permanent pond shall also be divided into two cells as required for sediment ponds. 4-102 Volume 11 — Construction Stormwater Pollution Prevention February 2005 Either a permanent control structure or the temporary control structure (described in BMP C241, Temporary Sediment Pond) can be used. If a permanent control structure is used, it may be advisable to partially restrict the lower orifice with gravel to increase residence time while still allowing dewatering of the pond. A shut-off valve may be added to the control structure to allow complete retention of stormwater in emergency situations. In this case, an emergency overflow weir must be added. A skimmer may be used for the sediment trap outlet if approved by the Local Permitting Authority. Design and • See Figures 4.22 and 4.23 for details. Installation . If permanent runoff control facilities are part of the project, they Specifications should be used for sediment retention. • To determine the sediment trap geometry, first calculate the design surface area (SA) of the trap, measured at the invert of the weir. Use the following equation: SA = FS(Q2/Vs) where Q2 = Design inflow based on the peak discharge from the developed 2-year runoff event from the contributing drainage area as computed in the hydrologic analysis. The 10-year peak flow shall be used if the project size, expected timing and duration of construction, or downstream conditions warrant a higher level of protection. If no hydrologic analysis is required, the Rational Method may be used. Vs = The settling velocity of the soil particle of interest. The 0.02 mm (medium silt) particle with an assumed density of 2.65 g/cm3 has been selected as the particle of interest and has a settling velocity (Vs) of 0.00096 ft/sec. FS = A safety factor of 2 to account for non -ideal settling. Therefore, the equation for computing surface area becomes: SA = 2 x Q210.00096 or 2080 square feet per cfs of inflow Note: Even if permanent facilities are used, they must still have a surface area that is at least as large as that derived from the above formula. If they do not, the pond must be enlarged. • To aid in determining sediment depth, all sediment traps shall have a staff gauge with a prominent mark 1-foot above the bottom of the trap. February 2005 Volume 11 — Construction Stormwater Pollution Prevention 4-103 • Sediment traps may not be feasible on utility projects due to the limited work space or the short-term nature of the work. Portable tanks may be used in place of sediment traps for utility projects. Maintenance • Sediment shall be removed from the trap when it reaches 1-foot in Standards depth. • Any damage to the pond embankments or slopes shall be repaired. Surface area determined 4' Min. at top of weir t a _ 1' Min. Overflow T 1' Min. 3.5'-5' ': 1' Min. � :. �.•. ;.::� �.:'.; •.::•�:'`:. 1.5' Min. \ - Flat Bottom 73/s" - 1.5" \ 2"-4" RockipRap Washed gravel Note: Trap may be formed by berm or by Geotextile % partial or complete excavation Discharge to stabilized conveyance, outlet, or level spreader Figure 4.22 Cross Section of Sediment Trap 6' Min. =1 1=1 11=1 11=1 11=1 1=1 I 1' Min. depth overflow spillway Native soil or11=I I' Min. 1' depth compacted backfill —III 2" 4"' rock Geotextile -III—III—III—III=III=III—III=1 I=III Min. 1' depth 3/4"-1.5" -1 I I-1 I I-111-111=1 11=11 I—III-1 I I-1 washed gravel Figure 4.23 Sediment Trap Outlet 4-104 Volume 11— Construction Stormwater Pollution Prevention February 2005 BMP C250: Construction Stormwater Chemical Treatment Purpose Turbidity is difficult to control once fine particles are suspended in stormwater runoff from a construction site. Sedimentation ponds are effective at removing larger particulate matter by gravity settling, but are ineffective at removing smaller particulates such as clay and fine silt. Sediment ponds are typically designed to remove sediment no smaller than medium silt (0.02 mm). Chemical treatment may be used to reduce the turbidity of stormwater runoff. Conditions of Use Chemical treatment can reliably provide exceptional reductions of turbidity and associated pollutants. Very high turbidities can be reduced to levels comparable to what is found in streams during dry weather. Traditional BMPs used to control soil erosion and sediment loss from sites under development may not be adequate to ensure compliance with the water quality standard for turbidity in the receiving water. Chemical treatment may be required to protect streams from the impact of turbid stormwater discharges, especially when construction is to proceed through the wet season. Formal written approval from Ecology and the Local Permitting Authority is required for the use of chemical treatment regardless of site size. The intention to use Chemical Treatment shall be indicated on the Notice of Intent for coverage under the General Construction Permit. Chemical treatment systems should be designed as part of the Construction SWPPP, not after the fact. Chemical treatment may be used to correct problem sites in limited circumstances with formal written approval from Ecology and the Local Permitting Authority. The SEPA review authority must be notified at the application phase of the project review (or the time that the SEPA determination on the project is performed) that chemical treatment is proposed. If it is added after this stage, an addendum will be necessary and may result in project approval delay. Design and See Appendix II-B for background information on chemical treatment. Installation Specifications Criteria for Chemical Treatment Product Use: Chemically treated stormwater discharged from construction sites must be nontoxic to aquatic organisms. The following protocol shall be used to evaluate chemicals proposed for stormwater treatment at construction sites. Authorization to use a chemical in the field based on this protocol does not relieve the applicant from responsibility for meeting all discharge and receiving water criteria applicable to a site. Treatment chemicals must be approved by EPA for potable water use. Petroleum -based polymers are prohibited. February 2005 Volume 11 — Construction Stormwater Pollution Prevention 4-111 Prior to authorization for field use, jar tests shall be conducted to demonstrate that turbidity reduction necessary to meet the receiving water criteria can be achieved. Test conditions, including but not limited to raw water quality and jar test procedures, should be indicative of field conditions. Although these small-scale tests cannot be expected to reproduce performance under field conditions, they are indicative of treatment capability. • Prior to authorization for field use, the chemically treated stormwater shall be tested for aquatic toxicity. Applicable procedures defined in Chapter 173-205 WAC, Whole Effluent Toxicity Testing and Limits, shall be used. Testing shall use stormwater from the construction site at which the treatment chemical is proposed for use or a water solution using soil from the proposed site. • The proposed maximum dosage shall be at least a factor of five lower than the no observed effects concentration (NOEC). • The approval of a proposed treatment chemical shall be conditional, subject to full-scale bioassay monitoring of treated stormwater at the construction site where the proposed treatment chemical is to be used. • Treatment chemicals that have already passed the above testing protocol do not need to be reevaluated. Contact the Department of Ecology Regional Office for a list of treatment chemicals that have been evaluated and are currently approved for use. Treatment System Design Considerations: The design and operation of a chemical treatment system should take into consideration the factors that determine optimum, cost-effective performance. It may not be possible to fully incorporate all of the -classic concepts into the design because of practical limitations at construction sites. Nonetheless, it is important to recognize the following: • The right chemical must be used at the right dosage. A dosage that is either too low or too high will not produce the lowest turbidity. There is an optimum dosage rate. This is a situation where the adage "adding more is always better" is not the case. • The coagulant must be mixed rapidly into the water to insure proper dispersion. • A flocculation step is important to increase the rate of settling, to produce the lowest turbidity, and to keep the dosage rate as low as possible. • Too little energy input into the water during the flocculation phase results in flocs that are too small and/or insufficiently dense. Too much energy can rapidly destroy floc as it is formed. 4-112 Volume 11— Construction Stormwater Pollution Prevention February 2005 • Since the volume of the basin is a determinant in the amount of energy per unit volume, the size of the energy input system can be too small relative to the volume of the basin. • Care must be taken in the design of the withdrawal system to minimize outflow velocities and to prevent floc discharge. The discharge should be directed through a physical filter such as a vegetated swale that would catch any unintended floc discharge. Treatment System Design: Chemical treatment systems shall be designed as batch treatment systems using either ponds or portable trailer - mounted tanks. Flow -through continuous treatment systems are not allowed at this time. A chemical treatment system consists of the stormwater collection system (either temporary diversion or the permanent site drainage system), a storage pond, pumps, a chemical feed system, treatment cells, and interconnecting piping. The treatment system shall use a minimum of two lined treatment cells. Multiple treatment cells allow for clarification of treated water while other cells are being filled or emptied. Treatment cells may be ponds or tanks. Ponds with constructed earthen embankments greater than six feet high require special engineering analyses. Portable tanks may also be suitable for some sites. The following equipment should be located in an operations shed: • the chemical injector; • secondary containment for acid, caustic, buffering compound, and treatment chemical, • emergency shower and eyewash, and • monitoring equipment which consists of a pH meter and a turbidimeter. Sizing Criteria: The combination of the storage pond or other holding area and treatment capacity should be large enough to treat stormwater during multiple day storm events. It is recommended that at a minimum the storage pond or other holding area should be sized to hold 1.5 times the runoff volume of the 10-year, 24-hour storm event. Bypass should be provided around the chemical treatment system to accommodate extreme storm events. Runoff volume shall be calculated using the methods presented in Volume 3, Chapter 2. If no hydrologic analysis is required for the site, the Rational Method may be used. Primary settling should be encouraged in the storage pond. A forebay with access for maintenance may be beneficial. There are two opposing considerations in sizing the treatment cells. A larger cell is able to treat a larger volume of water each time a batch is February 2005 Volume 11 — Construction Stormwater Pollution Prevention 4-113 processed. However, the larger the cell the longer the time required to empty the cell. A larger cell may also be less effective at flocculation and therefore require a longer settling time. The simplest approach to sizing the treatment cell is to multiply the allowable discharge flow rate times the desired drawdown time. A 4-hour drawdown time allows one batch per cell per 8-hour work period, given I hour of flocculation followed by two hours of settling. The permissible discharge rate governed by potential downstream effect can be used to calculate the recommended size of the treatment cells. The following discharge flow rate limits shall apply: • If the discharge is directly or indirectly to a stream, the discharge flow rate shall not exceed 50 percent of the peak flow rate of the 2-year, 24- hour event for all storm events up to the 10-year, 24-hour event. • If discharge is occurring during a storm event equal to or greater than the 10-year, 24-hour event, the allowable discharge rate is the peak flow rate of the 10-year, 24-hour event. • Discharge to a stream should not increase the stream flow rate by more than 10 percent. • If the discharge is directly to a lake, a major receiving water listed in Appendix C of Volume I, or to an infiltration system, there is no discharge flow limit. • If the discharge is to a municipal storm drainage system, the allowable discharge rate may be limited by the capacity of the public system. It may be necessary to clean the municipal storm drainage system prior to the start of the discharge to prevent scouring solids from the drainage system. • Runoff rates shall be calculated using the methods presented in Volume 3, Chapter 2 for the predeveloped condition. If no hydrologic analysis is required for the site, the Rational Method may be used. Maintenance Monitoring: The following monitoring shall be conducted. Test results Standards shall be recorded on a daily log kept on site: Operational Monitoring • pH, conductivity (as a surrogate for alkalinity), turbidity and temperature of the untreated stormwater • Total volume treated and discharged • Discharge time and flow rate • Type and amount of chemical used for pH adjustment • Amount of polymer used for treatment • Settling time 4-114 Volume 11 — Construction Stormwater Pollution Prevention February 2005 Compliance Monitoring • pH and turbidity of the treated stormwater • pH and turbidity of the receiving water Biomonitoring Treated stormwater shall be tested for acute (lethal) toxicity. Bioassays shall be conducted by a laboratory accredited by Ecology, unless otherwise approved by Ecology. The performance standard for acute toxicity is no statistically significant difference in survival between the control and 100 percent chemically treated stormwater. Acute toxicity tests shall be conducted with the following species and protocols: • Fathead minnow, Pimephales promelas (96 hour static -renewal test, method: EPA/600/4-90/027F). Rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (96 hour static -renewal test, method: EPA/600/4-90/027F) may be used as a substitute for fathead minnow. • Daphnid, Ceriodaphnia dubia, Daphnia pulex, or Daphnia magna (48 hour static test, method: EPA/600/4-90/027F). All toxicity tests shall meet quality assurance criteria and test conditions in the most recent versions of the EPA test method and Ecology Publication # WQ-R-95-80, Laboratory Guidance and Whole Effluent Toxicity Test Review Criteria. Bioassays shall be performed on the first five batches and on every tenth batch thereafter, or as otherwise approved by Ecology. Failure to meet the performance standard shall be immediately reported to Ecology. Discharge Compliance: Prior to discharge, each batch of treated stormwater must be sampled and tested for compliance with pH and turbidity limits. These limits may be established by the water quality standards or a site -specific discharge permit. Sampling and testing for other pollutants may also be necessary at some sites. Turbidity must be within 5 NTUs of the background turbidity. Background is measured in the receiving water, upstream from the treatment process discharge point. pH must be within the range of 6.5 to 8.5 standard units and not cause a change in the pH of the receiving water of more than 0.2 standard units. It is often possible to discharge treated stormwater that has a lower turbidity than the receiving water and that matches the pH. Treated stormwater samples and measurements shall be taken from the discharge pipe or another location representative of the nature of the treated stormwater discharge. Samples used for determining compliance with the water quality standards in the receiving water shall not be taken February 2005 Volume 11 — Construction Stormwater Pollution Prevention 4-115 from the treatment pond prior to decanting. Compliance with the water quality standards is determined in the receiving water. Operator Training: Each contractor who intends to use chemical treatment shall be trained by an experienced contractor on an active site for at least 40 hours. Standard BMPs: Surface stabilization BMPs should be implemented on site to prevent significant erosion. All sites shall use a truck wheel wash to prevent tracking of sediment off site. Sediment Removal And Disposal: Sediment shall be removed from the storage or treatment cells as necessary. Typically, sediment removal is required at least once during a wet season and at the decommissioning of the cells. Sediment remaining in the cells between batches may enhance the settling process and reduce the required chemical dosage. • Sediment may be incorporated into the site away from drainages. 4-116 Volume II — Construction Stormwater Pollution Prevention February 2005 BMP C251: Construction Stormwater Filtration P111Pose Filtration removes sediment from runoff originating from disturbed areas of the site. Conditions of Use Traditional BMPs used to control soil erosion and sediment loss from sites under development may not be adequate to ensure compliance with the water quality standard for turbidity in the receiving water. Filtration may be used in conjunction with gravity settling to remove sediment as small as fine silt (0.5 µm). The reduction in turbidity will be dependent on the particle size distribution of the sediment in the stormwater. In some circumstances, sedimentation and filtration may achieve compliance with the water quality standard for turbidity. Design and Installation Specifications Unlike chemical treatment, the use of construction stormwater filtration does not require approval from Ecology. Filtration may also be used in conjunction with polymer treatment in a portable system to assure capture of the flocculated solids. Background Information Filtration with sand media has been used for over a century to treat water and wastewater. The use of sand filtration for treatment of stormwater has developed recently, generally to treat runoff from streets, parking lots, and residential areas. The application of filtration to construction stormwater treatment is currently under development. Two types of filtration systems may be applied to construction stormwater treatment: rapid and slow. Rapid sand filters are the typical system used for water and wastewater treatment. They can achieve relatively high hydraulic flow rates, on the order of 2 to 20 gpm/sf, because they have automatic backwash systems to remove accumulated solids. In contrast, slow sand filters have very low hydraulic rates, on the order of 0.02 gpm/sf, because they do not have backwash systems. To date, slow sand filtration has generally been used to treat stormwater. Slow sand filtration is mechanically simple in comparison to rapid sand filtration but requires a much larger filter area. Filtration Equipment. Sand media filters are available with automatic backwashing features that can filter to 50 µm particle size. Screen or bag filters can filter down to 5 µm. Fiber wound filters can remove particles down to 0.5 µm. Filters should be sequenced from the largest to the smallest pore opening. Sediment removal efficiency will be related to particle size distribution in the stormwater. Treatment Process Description. Stormwater is collected at interception point(s) on the site and is diverted to a sediment pond or tank for removal of large sediment and storage of the stormwater before it is treated by the February 2005 Volume 11 — Construction Stormwater Pollution Prevention 4-117 filtration system. The stormwater is pumped from the trap, pond, or tank through the filtration system in a rapid sand filtration system. Slow sand filtration systems are designed as flow through systems using gravity. If large volumes of concrete are being poured, pH adjustment may be necessary. Maintenance Rapid sand filters typically have automatic backwash systems that are Standards triggered by a pre-set pressure drop across the filter. If the backwash water volume is not large or substantially more turbid than the stormwater stored in the holding pond or tank, backwash return to the pond or tank may be appropriate. However, land application or another means of treatment and disposal may be necessary. • Screen, bag, and fiber filters must be cleaned and/or replaced when they become clogged. • Sediment shall be removed from the storage and/or treatment ponds as necessary. Typically, sediment removal is required once or twice during a wet season and at the decommissioning of the ponds. 4-118 Volume 11— Construction Stormwater Pollution Prevention February 2005 Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan Appendix C — Alternative BMPs The following includes a list of possible alternative BMPs for each of the 12 elements not described in the main SWPPP text. This list can be referenced in the event a BMP for a specific element is not functioning as designed and an alternative BMP needs to be implemented. • Construction Stormwater Chemical Treatment (BMP C250) 33 Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan 34 BMP C250: Construction Stormwater Chemical Treatment Purpose Turbidity is difficult to control once fine particles are suspended in stormwater runoff from a construction site. Sedimentation ponds are effective at removing larger particulate matter by gravity settling, but are ineffective at removing smaller particulates such as clay and fine silt. Sediment ponds are typically designed to remove sediment no smaller than medium silt (0.02 mm). Chemical treatment may be used to reduce the turbidity of stormwater runoff. Conditions of Use Chemical treatment can reliably provide exceptional reductions of turbidity and associated pollutants. Very high turbidities can be reduced to levels comparable to what is found in streams during dry weather. Traditional BMPs used to control soil erosion and sediment loss from sites under development may not be adequate to ensure compliance with the water quality standard for turbidity in the receiving water. Chemical treatment may be required to protect streams from the impact of turbid stormwater discharges, especially when construction is to proceed through the wet season. Formal written approval from Ecology and the Local Permitting Authority is required for the use of chemical treatment regardless of site size. The intention to use Chemical Treatment shall be indicated on the Notice of Intent for coverage under the General Construction Permit. Chemical treatment systems should be designed as part of the Construction SWPPP, not after the fact. Chemical treatment may be used to correct problem sites in limited circumstances with formal written approval from Ecology and the Local Permitting Authority. The SEPA review authority must be notified at the application phase of the project review (or the time that the SEPA determination on the project is performed) that chemical treatment is proposed. If it is added after this stage, an addendum will be necessary and may result in project approval delay. Design and See Appendix II-B for background information on chemical treatment. Installation Specifications Criteria for Chemical Treatment Product Use: Chemically treated stormwater discharged from construction sites must be nontoxic to aquatic organisms. The following protocol shall be used to evaluate chemicals proposed for stormwater treatment at construction sites. Authorization to use a chemical in the field based on this protocol does not relieve the applicant from responsibility for meeting all discharge and receiving water criteria applicable to a site. Treatment chemicals must be approved by EPA for potable water use. Petroleum -based polymers are prohibited. February 2005 Volume 11 — Construction Stormwater Pollution Prevention 4-111 Prior to authorization for field use, jar tests shall be conducted to demonstrate that turbidity reduction necessary to meet the receiving water criteria can be achieved. Test conditions, including but not limited to raw water quality and jar test procedures, should be indicative of field conditions. Although these small-scale tests cannot be expected to reproduce performance under field conditions, they are indicative of treatment capability. Prior to authorization for field use, the chemically treated stormwater shall be tested for aquatic toxicity. Applicable procedures defined in Chapter 173-205 WAC, Whole Effluent Toxicity Testing and Limits, shall be used. Testing shall use stormwater from the construction site at which the treatment chemical is proposed for use or a water solution using soil from the proposed site. • The proposed maximum dosage shall be at least a factor of five lower than the no observed effects concentration (NOEC). • The approval of a proposed treatment chemical shall be conditional, subject to full-scale bioassay monitoring of treated stormwater at the construction site where the proposed treatment chemical is to be used. • Treatment chemicals that have already passed the above testing protocol do not need to be reevaluated. Contact the Department of Ecology Regional Office for a list of treatment chemicals that have been evaluated and are currently approved for use. Treatment System Design Considerations: The design and operation of a chemical treatment system should take into consideration the factors that determine optimum, cost-effective performance. It may not be possible to fully incorporate all of the~classic concepts into the design because of practical limitations at construction sites. Nonetheless, it is important to recognize the following: • The right chemical must be used at the right dosage. A dosage that is either too low or too high will not produce the lowest turbidity. There is an optimum dosage rate. This is a situation where the adage "adding more is always better" is not the case. • The coagulant must be mixed rapidly into the water to insure proper dispersion. • A flocculation step is important to increase the rate of settling, to produce the lowest turbidity, and to keep the dosage rate as low as possible. • Too little energy input into the water during the flocculation phase results in flocs that are too small and/or insufficiently dense. Too much energy can rapidly destroy floc as it is formed. 4-112 Volume 11 — Construction Stormwater Pollution Prevention February 2005 • Since the volume of the basin is a determinant in the amount of energy per unit volume, the size of the energy input system can be too small relative to the volume of the basin. • Care must be taken in the design of the withdrawal system to minimize outflow velocities and to prevent floc discharge. The discharge should be directed through a physical filter such as a vegetated swale that would catch any unintended floc discharge. Treatment System Design: Chemical treatment systems shall be designed as batch treatment systems using either ponds or portable trailer - mounted tanks. Flow -through continuous treatment systems are not allowed at this time. A chemical treatment system consists of the stormwater collection system (either temporary diversion or the permanent site drainage system), a storage pond, pumps, a chemical feed system, treatment cells, and interconnecting piping. The treatment system shall use a minimum of two lined treatment cells. Multiple treatment cells allow for clarification of treated water while other cells are being filled or emptied. Treatment cells may be ponds or tanks. Ponds with constructed earthen embankments greater than six feet high require special engineering analyses. Portable tanks may also be suitable for some sites. The following equipment should be located in an operations shed: • the chemical injector; • secondary containment for acid, caustic, buffering compound, and treatment chemical; • emergency shower and eyewash, and • monitoring equipment which consists of a pH meter and a turbidimeter. Sizing Criteria: The combination of the storage pond or other holding area and treatment capacity should be large enough to treat stormwater during multiple day storm events. It is recommended that at a minimum the storage pond or other holding area should be sized to hold 1.5 times the runoff volume of the 10-year, 24-hour storm event. Bypass should be provided around the chemical treatment system to accommodate extreme storm events. Runoff volume shall be calculated using the methods presented in Volume 3, Chapter 2. If no hydrologic analysis is required for the site, the Rational Method may be used. Primary settling should be encouraged in the storage pond. A forebay with access for maintenance may be beneficial. There are two opposing considerations in sizing the treatment cells. A larger cell is able to treat a larger volume of water each time a batch is February 2005 Volume 11 — Construction Stormwater Pollution Prevention 4-113 processed. However, the larger the cell the longer the time required to empty the cell. A larger cell may also be less effective at flocculation and therefore require a longer settling time. The simplest approach to sizing the treatment cell is to multiply the allowable discharge flow rate times the desired drawdown time. A 4-hour drawdown time allows one batch per cell per 8-hour work period, given 1 hour of flocculation followed by two hours of settling. The permissible discharge rate governed by potential downstream effect can be used to calculate the recommended size of the treatment cells. The following discharge flow rate limits shall apply: • If the discharge is directly or indirectly to a stream, the discharge flow rate shall not exceed 50 percent of the peak flow rate of the 2-year, 24- hour event for all storm events up to the 10-year, 24-hour event. • If discharge is occurring during a storm event equal to or greater than the 10-year, 24-hour event, the allowable discharge rate is the peak flow rate of the 10-year, 24-hour event. • Discharge to a stream should not increase the stream flow rate by more than 10 percent. • If the discharge is directly to a lake, a major receiving water listed in Appendix C of Volume I, or to an infiltration system, there is no discharge flow limit. • If the discharge is to a municipal storm drainage system, the allowable discharge rate may be limited by the capacity of the public system. It may be necessary to clean the municipal storm drainage system prior to the start of the discharge to prevent scouring solids from the drainage system. • Runoff rates shall be calculated using the methods presented in Volume 3, Chapter 2 for the predeveloped condition. If no hydrologic analysis is required for the site, the Rational Method may be used. Maintenance Monitoring: The following monitoring shall be conducted. Test results Standards shall be recorded on a daily log kept on site: Operational Monitoring • pH, conductivity (as a surrogate for alkalinity), turbidity and temperature of the untreated stormwater • Total volume treated and discharged • Discharge time and flow rate • Type and amount of chemical used for pH adjustment • Amount of polymer used for treatment • Settling time 4-114 Volume 11 — Construction Stormwater Pollution Prevention February 2005 Compliance Monitoring • pH and turbidity of the treated stormwater • pH and turbidity of the receiving water Biomonitorina Treated stormwater shall be tested for acute (lethal) toxicity. Bioassays shall be conducted by a laboratory accredited by Ecology, unless otherwise approved by Ecology. The performance standard for acute toxicity is no statistically significant difference in survival between the control and 100 percent chemically treated stormwater. Acute toxicity tests shall be conducted with the following species and protocols: Fathead minnow, Pimephales promelas (96 hour static -renewal test, method: EPA/600/4-90/027F). Rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (96 hour static -renewal test, method: EPA/600/4-90/027F) may be used as a substitute for fathead minnow. • Daphnid, Ceriodaphnia dubia, Daphnia pulex, or Daphnia magna (48 hour static test, method: EPA/600/4-90/027F). All toxicity tests shall meet quality assurance criteria and test conditions in the most recent versions of the EPA test method and Ecology Publication # WQ-R-95-80, Laboratory Guidance and Whole Effluent Toxicity Test Review Criteria. Bioassays shall be performed on the first five batches and on every tenth batch thereafter, or as otherwise approved by Ecology. Failure to meet the performance standard shall be immediately reported to Ecology. Discharge Compliance: Prior to discharge, each batch of treated stormwater must be sampled and tested for compliance with pH and turbidity limits. These limits may be established by the water quality standards or a site -specific discharge permit. Sampling and testing for other pollutants may also be necessary at some sites. Turbidity must be within 5 NTUs of the background turbidity. Background is measured in the receiving water, upstream from the treatment process discharge point. pH must be within the range of 6.5 to 8.5 standard units and not cause a change in the pH of the receiving water of more than 0.2 standard units. It is often possible to discharge treated stormwater that has a lower turbidity than the receiving water and that matches the pH. Treated stormwater samples and measurements shall be taken from the discharge pipe or another location representative of the nature of the treated stormwater discharge. Samples used for determining compliance with the water quality standards in the receiving water shall not be taken February 2005 Volume 11 — Construction Stormwater Pollution Prevention 4-115 from the treatment pond prior to decanting. Compliance with the water quality standards is determined in the receiving water. Operator Training: Each contractor who intends to use chemical treatment shall be trained by an experienced contractor on an active site for at least 40 hours. Standard BMPs: Surface stabilization BMPs should be implemented on site to prevent significant erosion. All sites shall use a truck wheel wash to prevent tracking of sediment off site. Sediment Removal And Disposal: • Sediment shall be removed from the storage or treatment cells as necessary. Typically, sediment removal is required at least once during a wet season and at the decommissioning of the cells. Sediment remaining in the cells between batches may enhance the settling process and reduce the required chemical dosage. • Sediment may be incorporated into the site away from drainages. 4-116 Volume 11 — Construction Stormwater Pollution Prevention February 2005 Appendix II-B Background Information on Chemical Treatment Coagulation and flocculation have been used for over a century to treat water. It is used less frequently for the treatment of wastewater. The use of coagulation and flocculation for treating stormwater is a very recent application. Experience with the treatment of water and wastewater has resulted in a basic understanding of the process, in particular factors that affect performance. This experience can provide insights as to how to most effectively design and operate similar systems in the treatment of stormwater. Fine particles suspended in water give it a milky appearance, measured as turbidity. Their small size, often much less than 1 µm in diameter, give them a very large surface area relative to their volume. These fine particles typically carry a negative surface charge. Largely because of these two factors, small size and negative charge, these particles tend to stay in suspension for extended periods of time. Thus, removal is not practical by gravity settling. These are called stable suspensions. Polymers, as well as inorganic chemicals such as alum, speed the process of clarification. The added chemical destabilizes the suspension and causes the smaller particles to agglomerate. The process consists of three steps: coagulation, flocculation, and settling or clarification. Each step is explained below as well as the factors that affect the efficiency of the process. Coagulation: Coagulation is the first step. It is the process by which negative charges on the fine particles that prevent their agglomeration are disrupted. Chemical addition is one method of destabilizing the suspension, and polymers are one class of chemicals that are generally effective. Chemicals that are used for this purpose are called coagulants. Coagulation is complete when the suspension is destabilized by the neutralization of the negative charges. Coagulants perform best when they are thoroughly and evenly dispersed under relatively intense mixing. This rapid mixing involves adding the coagulant in a manner that promotes rapid dispersion, followed by a short time period for destabilization of the particle suspension. The particles are still very small and are not readily separated by clarification until flocculation occurs. Flocculation: Flocculation is the process by which fine particles that have been destabilized bind together to form larger particles that settle rapidly. Flocculation begins naturally following coagulation, but is enhanced by gentle mixing of the destabilized suspension. Gentle mixing helps to bring particles in contact with one another such that they bind and continually grow to form "flocs." As the size of the flocs increases they become heavier and tend to settle more rapidly. Clarification: The final step is the settling of the particles. Particle density, size and shape are important during settling. Dense, compact flocs settle more readily than less dense, fluffy flocs. Because of this, flocculation to form dense, compact flocs is particularly important during water treatment. Water temperature is important during settling. Both the density and viscosity of water are affected by temperature; these in turn affect settling. Cold temperatures increase viscosity and density, thus slowing down the rate at which the particles settle. February 2005 Volume 11 — Construction Stormwater Pollution Prevention 8-1 The conditions under which clarification is achieved can affect performance. Currents can affect settling. Currents can be produced by wind, by differences between the temperature of the incoming water and the water in the clarifier, and by flow conditions near the inlets and outlets. Quiescent water such as that which occurs during batch clarification provides a good environment for effective performance as many of these factors become less important in comparison to typical sedimentation basins. One source of currents that is likely important in batch systems is movement of the water leaving the clarifier unit. Given that flocs are relatively small and light the exit velocity of the water must be as low as possible. Sediment on the bottom of the basin can be resuspended and removed by fairly modest velocities. Coagulants: Polymers are large organic molecules that are made up of subunits linked together in a chain -like structure. Attached to these chain -like structures are other groups that carry positive or negative charges, or have no charge. Polymers that carry groups with positive charges are called cationic, those with negative charges are called anionic, and those with no charge (neutral) are called nonionic. Cationic polymers can be used as coagulants to destabilize negatively charged turbidity particles present in natural waters, wastewater and stormwater. Aluminum sulfate (alum) can also be used as this chemical becomes positively charged when dispersed in water. In practice, the only way to determine whether a polymer is effective for a specific application is to perform preliminary or on -site testing. Polymers are available as powders, concentrated liquids, and emulsions (which appear as milky liquids). The latter are petroleum based, which are not allowed for construction stormwater treatment. Polymer effectiveness can degrade with time and also from other influences. Thus, manufacturers' recommendations for storage should be followed. Manufacturer's recommendations usually do not provide assurance of water quality protection or safety to aquatic organisms. Consideration of water quality protection is necessary in the selection and use of all polymers. Application Considerations: Application of coagulants at the appropriate concentration or dosage rate for optimum turbidity removal is important for management of chemical cost, for effective performance, and to avoid aquatic toxicity. The optimum dose in a given application depends on several site -specific features. Turbidity of untreated water can be important with turbidities greater than 5,000 NTU. The surface charge of particles to be removed is also important. Environmental factors that can influence dosage rate are water temperature, pH, and the presence of constituents that consume or otherwise affect polymer effectiveness. Laboratory experiments indicate that mixing previously settled sediment (floc sludge) with the untreated stormwater significantly improves clarification, therefore reducing the effective dosage rate. Preparation of working solutions and thorough dispersal of polymers in water to be treated is also important to establish the appropriate dosage rate. For a given water sample, there is generally an optimum dosage rate that yields the lowest residual turbidity after settling. When dosage rates below this optimum value (underdosing) are applied, there is an insufficient quantity of coagulant to react with, and therefore destabilize, all of the turbidity present. The result is residual turbidity (after flocculation and settling) that is higher than with the optimum dose. Overdosing, application of dosage rates greater than the 8-2 Volume 11 — Construction Stormwater Pollution Prevention February 2005 optimum value, can also negatively impact performance. Again, the result is higher residual turbidity than that with the optimum dose. Mixinp, in Coagulation/Flocculation: The G-value, or just "G", is often used as a measure of the mixing intensity applied during coagulation and flocculation. The symbol G stands for "velocity gradient", which is related in part to the degree of turbulence generated during mixing. High G- values mean high turbulence, and vice versa. High G-values provide the best conditions for coagulant addition. With high G's, turbulence is high and coagulants are rapidly dispersed to their appropriate concentrations for effective destabilization of particle suspensions. Low G-values provide the best conditions for flocculation. Here, the goal is to promote formation of dense, compact flocs that will settle readily. Low G's provide low turbulence to promote particle collisions so that flocs can form. Low G's generate sufficient turbulence such that collisions are effective in floc formation, but do not break up flocs that have already formed. Design engineers wishing to review more detailed presentations on this subject are referred to the following textbooks. • Fair, G., J. Geyer and D. Okun, Water and Wastewater Engineering, Wiley and Sons, NY, 1968. • American Water Works Association, Water Quality and Treatment, McGraw-Hill, NY, 1990. • Weber, W.J., Physiochemical Processes for Water Quality Control, Wiley and Sons, NY, 1972. Polymer Batch Treatment Process Description: Stormwater is collected at interception point(s) on the site and is diverted by gravity or by pumping to a storage pond or other holding area. The stormwater is stored until treatment occurs. It is important that the holding pond be large enough to provide adequate storage. The first step in the treatment sequence is to check the pH of the stormwater in the storage pond. The pH is adjusted by the application of acid or base until the stormwater in the storage pond is within the desired pH range. When used, acid is added immediately downstream of the transfer pump. Typically sodium bicarbonate (baking soda) is used as a base, although other bases may be used. When needed, base is added directly to the storage pond. The stormwater is recirculated with the treatment pump to provide mixing in the storage pond. Initial pH adjustments should be based on daily bench tests. Further pH adjustments can be made at any point in the process. Once the stormwater is within the desired pH range, the stormwater is pumped from the storage pond to a treatment cell as polymer is added. The polymer is added upstream of the pump to facilitate rapid mixing. After polymer addition, the water is kept in a lined treatment cell for clarification of the sediment -floc. In a batch mode process, clarification typically takes from 30 minutes to several hours. Prior to discharge samples are withdrawn for analysis of pH and turbidity. If both are acceptable, the treated water is discharged. February 2005 Volume 11— Construction Stormwater Pollution Prevention 8-3 Several configurations have been developed to withdraw treated water from the treatment cell. The original configuration is a device that withdraws the treated water from just beneath the water surface using a float with adjustable struts that prevent the float from settling on the cell bottom. This reduces the possibility of picking up sediment -floc from the bottom of the pond. The struts are usually set at a minimum clearance of about 12 inches; that is, the float will come within 12 inches of the bottom of the cell. Other systems have used vertical guides or cables which constrain the float, allowing it to drift up and down with the water level. More recent designs have an H-shaped array of pipes, set on the horizontal. This scheme provides for withdrawal from four points rather than one. This configuration reduces the likelihood of sucking settled solids from the bottom. It also reduces the tendency for a vortex to form. Inlet diffusers, a long floating or fixed pipe with many small holes in it, are also an option. Safety is a primary concern. Design should consider the hazards associated with operations, such as sampling. Facilities should be designed to reduce slip hazards and drowning. Tanks and ponds should have life rings, ladders, or steps extending from the bottom to the top. Adjustment of the pH and AlkalinitT. The pH must be in the proper range for the polymers to be effective, which is 6.5 to 8.5 for Calgon CatFloc 2953, the most commonly used polymer. As polymers tend to lower the pH, it is important that the stormwater have sufficient buffering capacity. Buffering capacity is a function of alkalinity. Without sufficient alkalinity, the application of the polymer may lower the pH to below 6.5. A pH below 6.5 not only reduces the effectiveness of the polymer, it may create a toxic condition for aquatic organisms. Stormwater may not be discharged without readjustment of the pH to above 6.5. The target pH should be within 0.2 standard units of the receiving water pH. Experience gained at several projects in the City of Redmond has shown that the alkalinity needs to be at least 50 mg/L to prevent a drop in pH to below 6.5 when the polymer is added. Baking soda has been used to raise both the alkalinity and the pH. Although lime is less expensive than baking soda, if overdosed lime can raise the pH above 8.5 requiring downward adjustment for the polymer to be effective. Baking soda has the advantage of not raising the pH above 8.3 regardless of the amount that is added. Experience indicates that the amount of baking soda sufficient to raise the alkalinity to above 50 mg/L produces a pH near neutral or 7. Alkalinity cannot be easily measured in the field. Therefore, conductivity, which can be measured directly with a hand-held probe, has been used to ascertain the buffering condition. It has been found through local experience that when the conductivity is above about 100 µS/cm the alkalinity is above 50 mg/L. This relationship may not be constant and therefore care must be taken to define the relationship for each site. Experience has shown that the placement of concrete has a significant effect on the pH of construction stormwater. If the area of fresh exposed concrete surface is significant, the pH of the untreated stormwater may be considerably above 8.5. Concrete equipment washwater shall be controlled to prevent contact with stormwater. Acid may be added to lower the pH to the background level pH of the receiving water. The amount of acid needed to adjust the pH to the desired level is not constant but depends upon the polymer dosage, and the pH, turbidity, and B-4 Volume 11— Construction Stormwater Pollution Prevention February 2005 alkalinity of the untreated stormwater. The acid commonly used is sulfuric although muriatic and ascorbic acids have been used. Pelletized dry ice has also been used and reduces the safety concerns associated with handling acid. February 2005 Volume 11 — Construction Stormwater Pollution Prevention 8-5 Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan Appendix D — General Permit 35 Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan 36 STONEGATE LIFT STATION WAR011834 King Co Issuance Date: November 16, 2005 Effective Date: December 16, 2005 Expiration Date: December 16, 2010 CONSTRUCTION STORMWATER GENERAL PERMIT National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) and State Waste Discharge General Permit for Stormwater Discharges Associated With Construction Activity State of Washington Department of Ecology Olympia, Washington 98504-7600 In compliance with the provisions of The State of Washington Water Pollution Control Law Chapter 90.48 Revised Code of Washington and The Federal Water Pollution Control Act (The Clean Water Act) Title 33 United States Code, Section 1251 et seq. Until this permit expires, is modified or revoked, Permittees that have properly obtained coverage under this general permit are authorized to discharge in accordance with the special and general conditions which follow. David C. Peeler Water Quality Program Washington State Department of Ecology Page 2 of 46 TABLE OF CONTENTS SUMMARY OF PERMIT REPORT SUBMITTALS.....................................................................3 SUMMARY OF REQUIRED ON SITE DOCUMENTATION.....................................................3 SPECIAL CONDITIONS S1. PERMIT COVERAGE.....................................:..................................................................4 S3. COMPLIANCE WITH STANDARDS........:......................................................................9 S4. MONITORING REQUIREMENTS..................................................................................10 S5. REPORTING AND RECORDKEEPING REQUIREMENTS.........................................15 S6. PERMIT FEES...................................................................................................................18 ST SOLID AND LIQUID WASTE DISPOSAL ........................... ....18 ..................................... S8. DISCHARGES TO 303(d) OR TMDL WATERBODIES................................................18 S9. STORMWATER POLLUTION PREVENTION PLAN...................................................21 S 10. NOTICE OF TERMINATION..........................................................................................29 GENERALCONDITIONS...........................................................................................................30 G1. DISCHARGE VIOLATIONS...........................................................................................30 G2. SIGNATORY REQUIREMENTS.....................................................................................30 G3. RIGHT OF INSPECTION AND ENTRY.........................................................................31 G4. GENERAL PERMIT MODIFICATION AND REVOCATION ......................................31 G5. REVOCATION OF COVERAGE UNDER THE PERMIT.............................................31 G6. REPORTING A CAUSE FOR MODIFICATION............................................................32 G7. COMPLIANCE WITH OTHER LAWS AND STATUTES.............................................32 G8. DUTY TO REAPPLY.......................................................................................................32 G9. TRANSFER OF GENERAL PERMIT COVERAGE.......................................................32 G10. REMOVED SUBSTANCES.............................................................................................33 Gl 1. DUTY TO PROVIDE INFORMATION...........................................................................33 G12. OTHER REQUIREMENTS OF 40 CFR...........................................................................33 G13. ADDITIONAL MONITORING........................................................................................33 G14. PENALTIES FOR VIOLATING PERMIT CONDITIONS.............................................33 G15. UPSET...............................................................................................................................34 G16. PROPERTY RIGHTS........................................................................................................34 G17. DUTY TO COMPLY........................................................................................................34 G18. TOXIC POLLUTANTS.....................................................................................................34 G19. PENALTIES FOR TAMPERING.....................................................................................35 G20. REPORTING PLANNED CHANGES..............................................................................35 G21. REPORTING OTHER INFORMATION..........................................................................35 Page 3 of 46 G22. REPORTING ANTICIPATED NON-COMPLIANCE.....................................................35 G23. REQUESTS TO BE EXCLUDED FROM COVERAGE UNDER THE PERMIT .......... 36 G24. APPEALS.....................................................................:....................................................36 G25. SEVERABILITY...............................................................................................................36 G26. BYPASS PROHIBITED....................................................................................................36 APPENDIX A — DEFINITIONS...................................................................................................39 APPENDIX B — ACRONYMS.....................................................................................................46 SUMMARY OF PERMIT REPORT SUBMITTALS Refer to the Special and General Conditions for additional submittal requirements. Permit Submittal Frequency First Submittal Date Section S5.A High Turbidity/Transparency Phone As Necessary Within 24 hours Reporting S5.B Discharge Monitoring Report Monthly Within 15 days after the applicable monitoring period S51 Noncompliance Notification As necessary Immediately S51 Noncompliance Notification — Written As necessary Within 5 Days of non - Report compliance G2. Notice of Change in Authorization As necessary G6. Permit Application for Substantive As necessary Changes to the Discharge G8. Application for Permit Renewal 1/permit cycle No later than 180 days before expiration G9. Notice of Permit Transfer As necessary G20. Notice of Planned Changes As necessary G22. Reporting Anticipated Non-compliance As necessary SUMMARY OF REQUIRED ON SITE DOCUMENTATION Permit Conditions Document Title Conditions S2, S5 Permit Coverage Letter Conditions S2, S5 Construction Stormwater General Permit Conditions S4, S5 Site Log Book Conditions S9, S5 Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan SWPPP Page 4 of 46 SPECIAL CONDITIONS S1. PERMIT COVERAGE A. Permit Area This general permit covers all areas of Washington State, except for federal and tribal lands specified in S 1.D.3. B. OQperators Required to Seek Coverage Under this General Permit: 1. Operators of the following construction activities are required to seek coverage under this permit: a. Clearing, grading and/or excavation which results in the disturbance of one or more acres, and discharges stormwater to surface waters of the state; and clearing, grading and/or excavation on sites smaller than one acre which are part of a larger common plan of development or sale, if the common plan of development or sale will ultimately disturb one acre or more, and discharges stormwater to surface waters of the state. i. This includes forest practices that are part of a construction activity that will result in the disturbance of one or more acres, and discharges to surface waters of the state (i.e., forest practices which are preparing a site for construction activities); and b. Any size construction activity discharging stormwater to waters of the state which the Department of Ecology (Ecology): . i. Determines to be a significant contributor ofpollutants to waters of the state of Washington, or ii. Reasonably expects to cause a violation of any water quality standard. 2. Operators of the following activities are not required to seek coverage under this permit, unless specifically required under Condition S 1.13. Lb. (Significant Contributor): a. Construction activities which discharge all stormwater and non-stormwater to ground water, and have no point source discharge to surface water or a storm sewer system that drains to surface waters of the state; b. Construction activities covered under an Erosivity Waiver (Condition S2.C); c. Routine maintenance that is performed to maintain the original line and grade, hydraulic capacity, or original purpose of a facility. Page 5 of 46 C. Authorized Discharges: 1. Stormwater Associated with Construction Activity. Subject to compliance with the terms and conditions of this permit, Permittees are authorized to discharge stormwater associated with construction activity to surface waters of the state or to a storm sewer system that drains to surface waters of the state. 2. Stormwater Associated with Construction Support Activity. This permit also authorizes stormwater discharges from support activities related to the permitted construction site (e.g., off -site equipment staging yards, material storage areas, borrow areas, etc.) provided: a. The support activity is directly related to the permitted construction site that is required to have an NPDES permit; and b. The support activity is not a commercial operation serving multiple unrelated construction projects, and does not operate beyond the completion of the construction activity; and c. Appropriate controls and measures are identified in the Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan (SWPPP)for the discharges from the support activity areas. 3. Non-Stormwater Discharges. Tile categories and sources of non-stormwater discharges identified below are conditionally authorized, provided the discharge is consistent with the terms and conditions of this permit: a. Discharges from fire fighting activities; b. Fire hydrant system flushing; c. Potable water including uncontaminated water line flushing (de -chlorinated); d. Pipeline hydrostatic test water; e. Uncontaminated air conditioning or compressor condensate; f. Uncontaminated ground water or spring water; g. Uncontaminated excavation de -watering (in accordance with S9.D.10) h. Uncontaminated discharges from foundation or footing drains; i. Water used to control dust; j. Routine external building wash down that does not use detergents; and k. Landscape irrigation. Page 6 of 46 All authorized non-stormwater discharges, except for discharges from fire fighting activities, shall be adequately addressed in the SWPPP and comply with Special Condition S3. D. Limitations on Coveraize The Director may require any discharger to apply for and obtain coverage under an individual permit or another more specific general permit. Such alternative coverage will be required when Ecology determines that this general permit does not provide adequate assurance that water quality will be protected; or there is a reasonable potential for the project to cause or contribute to a violation of water quality standards. The following stormwater discharges are not covered by this permit: 1. Post -construction stormwater discharges that originate from the site after construction activities have been completed and the site has undergone final stabilization. 2. Nonpoint source silvicultural activities such as nursery operations, site preparation, reforestation and subsequent cultural treatment, thinning, prescribed burning, pest and fire control, harvesting operations, surface drainage, or road construction and maintenance from which there is natural runoff as excluded in 40 CFR Subpart 122.27. 3. Stormwater from any federal project or project on federal land or land within an Indian Reservation except for the Puyallup Reservation. Within the Puyallup Reservation, any project that discharges to surface water on land held in trust by the federal government may be covered by this permit. 4. Stormwater from any site covered under an existing NPDES individual permit in which stormwater management and/or treatment requirements are included for all stormwater discharges associated with construction activity. 5. Where an applicable Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) specifically precludes or prohibits discharges from construction activity, the operator is not eligible for coverage under this permit. S2. APPLICATION REQUIREMENTS A. Permit Application Forms 1. Notice of Intent Form/Timeline a. Operators of new or previously unpermitted construction activities shall submit a complete and accurate permit application form [Notice of Intent (NOI)] to Ecology. Applicants are encouraged to use Ecology's internet-based electronic NOI to apply for permit coverage. b. The NOI shall be submitted on or before the date of the first public notice (see Condition S2.B below) and at least 60 days prior to the discharge of stormwater Page 7 of 46 from construction activities. The 30-day public comment period required by WAC 173-226-130(5) begins on the publication date of the second public notice. Unless Ecology responds to the complete application in writing, based on public comments, or any other relevant factors, coverage under the general permit will automatically commence on the thirty-first day following receipt by Ecology of a completed NOI, or the issuance date of this permit, whichever is later; unless a later date is specified by Ecology in writing. c. Applicants that discharge to a storm sewer system operated by Seattle, King County, Snohomish County, Tacoma, Pierce County, or Clark County shall also submit a copy of the NOI to the appropriate jurisdiction. 2. Transfer of Coverage Form Current coverage under this permit may be transferred to one or more new operators, including operators of sites within a Common Plan of Development, by submitting a Transfer of Coverage Form in accordance with Condition G9. Transfers do not require public notice. B. Public Notice For new or previously unpermitted sites, the applicant shall publish a public notice at least one time each week for two consecutive weeks, with a 7-day time span between dates, in a newspaper that has general circulation in the county m which the construction is to take place. The notice shall contain the following: 1. A statement that "The applicant is seeking coverage under the Washington State Department of Ecology's Construction Stormwater NPDES and State Waste Discharge General Permit"; 2. The name, address and location of the construction site; 3. The name and address of the applicant; 4. The type of construction activity that will result in a discharge, (e.g., residential construction, commercial construction, etc.) and the number of acres to be disturbed; 5. The name of the receiving water(s) (i.e., the surface water(s) that the site will discharge to), or if the discharge is through a storm sewer system, the name of the operator of the storm sewer; and 6. The statement: "Any person desiring to present their views to the Department of Ecology regarding this application, or interested in the Department's action on this application may notify the Department of Ecology in writing within 30 days of the last date of publication of this notice. Comments can be submitted to: Department of Ecology, P.O. Box 47696, Olympia, WA 98504-7696, Attn: Water Quality Program, Construction Stormwater". Page 8 of 46 C. Erosivity Waiver Operators may qualify for a waiver from the permit if the following conditions are met: The site will result in the disturbance of less than 5 acres; and the site is not a portion of a common plan of development or sale that will disturb 5 acres or greater. 2. Calculation of Erosivity "R" Factor and Regional Timeframe: a. The project's rainfall erosivity factor ("R" Factor) must be less than 5 during the period of construction activity, as calculated using the Texas A&M University online rainfall erosivity calculator at: htty://ei.tamu.edu/. The period of construction activity begins at initial earth disturbance and ends with final stabilization; and, in addition: b. The entire period of construction activity must fall within the following timeframes: i. For sites west of the Cascades Crest: June 15 — September 15; or ii. For sites east of the Cascades Crest, excluding the Central Basin: June 15 — October 15; or iii. For sites east of the Cascades Crest, within the Central Basin*: no additional timeframe restrictions apply. *Note: The Central Basin is defined as the portions of Eastern Washington with mean annual precipitation of less than 12 inches. 3. Operators must submit a complete Erosivity Waiver Certification Form at least one week prior to commencing land disturbing activities. Certification must include: a. A statement that the operator will comply with applicable local stormwater requirements; and b. A statement that the operator will implement appropriate erosion and sediment control BAVs to prevent violations of water quality standards. 4. This waiver is not available for facilities declared a significant contributor of pollutants as defined in Condition S I.B. Lb. 5. This waiver does not apply to construction activity which includes non-stormwater discharges listed in S1.C.3. 6. If construction activity extends beyond the certified waiver period for any reason, the operator shall either: Page 9 of 46 a. Recalculate the rainfall erosivity "R" factor using the original start date and a new projected ending date and, if the "R" factor is still under 5 and the entire project falls within the applicable regional timeframe in S2.C.2.b, complete and submit an amended waiver certification form before the original waiver expires; or b. Submit a complete permit application to Ecology in accordance with Condition S2.A and B before the end of the certified waiver period. S3. COMPLIANCE WITH STANDARDS A. Discharges shall not cause or contribute to a violation of surface water quality standards (Chapter 173-201A WAC), ground water quality standards (Chapter 173-200 WAC), sediment management standards (Chapter 173-204 WAC), and human health -based criteria in the National Toxics Rule (40 CFR Part 131.36). Discharges that are not in compliance with these standards are not authorized. B. Prior to the discharge of stormwater and non-stormwater to waters of the state, the Permittee shall apply all known, available, and reasonable methods of prevention, control, and treatment (AKAR7). This includes the preparation and implementation of an adequate Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan (SWPPP), with all appropriate best management practices (BMPs) installed and maintained in accordance with the SWPPP and the terms and conditions of this permit. C. Compliance with water quality standards shall be presumed, unless discharge monitoring data or other site specific information demonstrates that a discharge causes or contributes to a violation of water quality standards, when the Permittee is: 1. In full compliance with all permit conditions, including planning, sampling, monitoring, reporting, and recordkeeping conditions; and 2. Fully implementing stormwater BMPs contained in stormwater management manuals published or approved by Ecology, or BMPs that are demonstrably equivalent to BMPs contained in stormwater technical manuals published or approved by Ecology, including the proper selection, implementation, and maintenance of all applicable and appropriate BMPs for on -site pollution control. - D. For sites that discharge to both surface water and ground water, all ground water discharges are also subject to the terms and conditions of this permit. Permittees who discharge to ground water through an injection well shall comply with any applicable - requirements of the Underground Injection Control (UIC) regulations, Chapter 173-218 WAC. Page 10 of 46 S4. MONITORING REQUIREMENTS The primary monitoring requirements are summarized in Table 3 (below): Table 3. Summary of Monitoring Requirements' Size of Soil Disturbance Weekly Weekly Weekly Weekly Site Sampling w/ Sampling w/ pH Inspections Turbidity Meter Transparency sampling3 Tube Sites which disturb less than 1 Required Not Required Not Required Not acre Required Sites which disturb 1 acre or Required Sampling Required — either Required more, but less than 5 acres method Sites which disturb 5 acres or Required Required Not Required5 Required more A. Site Log Book The Permittee shall maintain a site log book that contains a record of the implementation of the SWPPP and other permit requirements including the installation and maintenance of BMPs, site inspections, and stormwater monitoring. B. Site Inspections 1. Site inspections shall include all areas disturbed by construction activities, all BMPs, and all stormwater discharge points. Stormwater shall be visually examined for the ' Additional monitoring requirements may apply for: 1) discharges to 303(d) listed waterbodies and waterbodies with applicable TMDLs for turbidity, fine sediment, high pH, or phosphorus - see Condition S8; and 2) sites required to perform additional monitoring by Ecology order — see Condition G13. 2 Soil disturbance is calculated by adding together all areas affected by construction activity. Construction Activity means clearing, grading, excavation, and any other activity which disturbs the surface of the land, including ingress/egress from the site. 3 Beginning October 1, 2006, if construction activity involves significant concrete work or the use of engineered soils, and stormwater from the affected area drains to a stormwater collection system or other surface water, the Permittee shall conduct pH sampling in accordance with Condition S4.D. 4 Beginning October 1, 2008, sites with one or more acres, but less than 5 acres of soil disturbance, shall conduct turbidity or transparency sampling in accordance with Condition S4.C. 5 Beginning October 1, 2006, sites greater than or equal to 5 acres of soil disturbance shall conduct turbidity sampling using a turbidity meter in accordance with Condition S4.C. Page 11 of 46 presence of suspended sediment, turbidity, discoloration, and oil sheen. Inspectors shall evaluate the effectiveness of BMPs and determine if it is necessary to install, maintain, or repair BMPs to improve the quality of stormwater discharges. Based on the results of the inspection, the Permittee shall correct the problems identified as follows: a. Review the SWPPP for compliance with Condition S9 and make appropriate revisions within 7 days of the inspection; and b. Fully implement and maintain appropriate source control and/or treatment BAfPs as soon as possible, but no later than 10 days of the inspection; and c. Document BMP implementation and maintenance in the site log book. 2. The site inspections shall be conducted at least once every calendar week and within 24 hours of any discharge from the site. The inspection frequency for temporarily stabilized, inactive sites may be reduced to once every calendar month. 3. Site inspections shall be conducted by a person who is knowledgeable in the principles and practices of erosion and sediment control. The inspector shall have the skills to: a. Assess the site conditions and construction activities that could impact the quality of stormwater, and b. Assess the effectiveness of erosion and sediment control measures used to control the quality of stormwater discharges. 4. Beginning October 1, 2006, construction sites one acre or larger that discharge stormwater to surface waters of the state, shall have site inspections conducted by a Certified Erosion and Sediment Control Lead (CESCL). The CESCL shall be identified in the SWPPP and shall be present on -site or on -call at all times. Certification shall be obtained through an approved erosion and sediment control training program that meets the minimum training standards established by Ecology (see BMP C160 in the Manual). 5. The inspector shall summarize the results of each inspection in an inspection report or checklist and be entered into, or attached to, the site log book. At a minimum, each inspection report or checklist shall include: a. Inspection date and time. b. Weather information; general conditions during inspection and approximate amount of precipitation since the last inspection, and within the last 24 hours. c. A summary or list of all BMPs which have been implemented, including observations of all erosion/sediment control structures or practices. d. The following shall be noted: i. locations of BMPs inspected, Page 12 of 46 ii. locations of BMPs that need maintenance, iii. the reason maintenance is needed, iv. locations of BMPs that failed to operate as designed or intended, and v. locations where additional or different BMPs are needed, and the reason(s) why. e. A description of stormwater discharged from the site. The inspector shall note the presence of suspended sediment, turbid water, discoloration, and/or oil sheen, as applicable. f. Any water quality monitoring performed during inspection. g. General comments and notes, including a brief description of any BMP repairs, maintenance or installations made as a result of the inspection. h. A statement that, in the judgment of the person conducting the site inspection, the site is either in compliance or out of compliance with the terms and conditions of the SWPPP and the permit. If the site inspection indicates that the site is out of compliance, the inspection report shall include a summary of the remedial actions required to bring the site back into compliance, as well as a schedule of implementation. i. Name, title, and signature of the person conducting site inspection; and the following statement: "I certify that this report is true, accurate, and complete, to the best of my knowledge and belief'. C. Turbidity/Transparency Sampling Requirements 1. Sampling Methods/Effective Dates a. Beginning October 1, 2006, if construction activity will involve the disturbance of 5 acres or more, the Permittee shall conduct turbidity sampling per Condition S4.C. b. Beginning October 1, 2008, if construction activity will involve greater than or equal to 1 acre, but less than 5 acres of soil disturbance, the Permittee shall conduct transparency sampling or turbidity sampling per Condition S4.C. 2. Sampling Frequency a. Sampling shall be conducted at least once every calendar week, when there is a discharge of stormwater (or authorized non-stormwater) from the site. Samples shall be representative of the flow and characteristics of the discharge. b. When there is no discharge during a calendar week, sampling is not required. c. Sampling is not required outside of normal working hours or during unsafe conditions. If a Permittee is unable to sample during a monitoring period, the Discharge Monitoring Report (DMR) shall include a brief explanation. Page 13 of 46 Sampling Locations a. Sampling is required at all discharge points where stormwater (or authorized non- stormwater) is discharged off -site. b. All sampling point(s) shall be identified on the SWPPP site map and be clearly . marked in the field with a flag, tape, stake or other visible marker. 4. Sampling and Analysis Methods a. Turbidity analysis shall be performed with a calibrated turbidity meter (turbidimeter), either on -site or at an accredited lab. The results shall be recorded in the site log book in Nephelometric Turbidity Units (NTU). b. Transparency analysis shall be performed on -site with a 1 3/4 inch diameter, 60 centimeter (cm) long Transparency Tube. The results shall be recorded in the site log book in centimeters (cm). Transparency Tubes are available from: http://watennonitoringeguip.com/i)alzes/stream.html Parameter Units Analytical Method Sampling Frequency Benchmark Value Turbidity NTU SM2130 or Weekly, if 25 NTU EPA180.1 discharging Transparency cm Manufacturer Weekly, if 31 cm instructions, or discharging Ecology Guidance 5. Turbidity/Transparency Benchmark Values The benchmark value for turbidity is 25 NTU (Nephelometric Turbidity Units); and the benchmark value for transparency is 31 cm. a. Turbidity 26 — 249 NTU or Transparency 30 — 7 cm: If discharge turbidity is greater than 25 NTU, but less than 250 NTU; or if discharge transparency is less than 31 cm, but greater than 6 cm, the CESCL shall: i. Review the SWPPP for compliance with Condition S9 and make appropriate revisions within 7 days of the discharge that exceeded the benchmark; and ii. Fully implement and maintain appropriate source control and/or treatment BMPs as soon as possible, but within 10 days of the discharge that exceeded the benchmark; and iii. Document BMP implementation and maintenance in the site log book. b. Turbidity 250 NTU or gueater, or Transparency 6 cm or less: Page 14 of 46 If discharge turbidity is greater than or equal to 250 NTU; or if discharge transparency is less than or equal to 6 cm, the CESCL shall: i. Notify Ecology by phone in accordance with Condition S5.A.; and ii. Review the SWPPP for compliance with Condition S9 and make appropriate revisions within 7 days of the discharge that exceeded the benchmark; and iii. Fully implement and maintain appropriate source control and/or treatment BMPs as soon as possible, but within 10 days of the discharge that exceeded the benchmark; iv. Document BUT implementation and maintenance in the site log book; and v. Continue to sample discharges daily until: 1. turbidity is 25 NTU (or lower); or 2. transparency is 31 cm (or greater); or 3. the CESCL has demonstrated compliance with the water quality standard for turbidity: a. no more than 5 NTU over background turbidity, if background is less than 50 NTU, or b. no more than 10% over background turbidity, if background is 50 NTU or greater; or 4. the discharge stops or is eliminated. D. pH Monitoring: Sites with Significant Concrete Work or Engineered Soils Beginning October 1, 2006, if construction activity will result in the disturbance of 1 acre or more, and involves significant concrete work or the use of engineered soils, and stormwater from the affected area drains to surface waters of the state or to a storm sewer system that drains to surface waters of the state, the Permittee shall conduct pH monitoring as set forth below: 1. For sites with significant concrete work, the pH monitoring period shall commence when the concrete is first exposed to precipitation and continue weekly until stormwater pH is 8.5 or less. a. "Significant concrete work" means greater than 1000 cubic yards poured concrete or recycled concrete. 2. For sites with engineered soils, the pH monitoring period shall commence when the soil amendments are first exposed to precipitation and shall continue until the area of engineered soils is fully stabilized. Page 15 of 46 a. "Engineered soils" means soil amendments including, but not limited, to Portland cement treated base (CTB), cement kiln dust (CKD), or fly ash. 3. During the pH monitoring period, the Permittee shall obtain a representative sample of stormwater and conduct pH analysis at least once per week. 4. The Permittee shall monitor pH in the sediment trap/pond(s) or other locations that receive stormwater runoff from the area of significant concrete work or engineered soils prior to discharge to surface waters. 5. The benchmark value for pH is 8.5 standard units. Any time sampling indicates that pH is 8.5 or greater, the Permittee shall: a. Prevent the high pH water (8.5 or above) from entering storm sewer systems or surface waters; and b. If necessary, adjust or neutralize the high pH water using an appropriate treatment BMP such as CO2 sparging or dry ice. The Permittee shall obtain written approval from Ecology prior to using any form of chemical treatment other than CO2 sparging or dry ice. 6. The Permittee shall perform pH analysis on -site with a calibrated pH meter, pH test kit, or wide range pH indicator paper. The Permittee shall record pH monitoring results in the site log book. S5. REPORTING AND RECORDKEEPING REQUIREMENTS A. High Turbidity Phone Reporting Any time sampling performed in accordance with Special Condition S4.0 indicates turbidity is 250 NTU or greater (or transparency is 6 cm or less) the Permittee shall notify the appropriate Ecology regional office by phone within 24 hours of analysis. B. Discharge Monitoring Reports 1. Permittees required to conduct water quality sampling in accordance with Special Conditions SAC (Turbidity/Transparency), S4.D (pH) and/or S8 [303(d)/TMDL sampling] shall submit the results to Ecology monthly on Discharge Monitoring Report (DMR) forms provided by Ecology. Permittees are authorized and encouraged to submit electronic DMRs using the "E- DMR Form" on Ecology's Construction Stormwater web site: http://www.ecy.wa.gov/programs/wq/stonnwater/construction/. 2. The Permittee shall submit DMR forms electronically or by mail to be received by Ecology within 15 days following the end of each month. If there was no discharge during a given monitoring period, the Permittee shall submit the form as required with the words "no discharge" entered in place of the monitoring results. If the Permittee is unable to submit discharge monitoring reports electronically, the Permittee may mail reports to the address listed below: Page 16 of 46 Department of Ecology Water Quality Program - Construction Stormwater PO Box 47696 Olympia, Washington 98504-7696 C. Records Retention The Permittee shall retain records of all monitoring information (site log book, sampling results, inspection reports/checklists, etc.), Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan, and any other documentation of compliance with permit requirements during the life of the construction project and for a minimum of three years following the termination of permit coverage. Such information shall include all calibration and maintenance records, and records of all data used to complete the application for this permit. This period of retention shall be extended during the course of any unresolved litigation regarding the discharge of pollutants by the Permittee or when requested by Ecology. D. Recording of Results For each measurement or sample taken, the Permittee shall record the following information: 1. Date, place, method, and time of sampling or measurement; 2. The individual who performed the sampling or measurement; 3. The dates the analyses were performed; 4. The individual who performed the analyses; 5. The analytical techniques or methods used; and 6. The results of all analyses. E. Additional Monitoring by the Permittee If the Permittee monitors any pollutant more frequently than required by this permit using test procedures specified by Condition S4 of this permit, the results of this monitoring shall be included in the calculation and reporting of the data submitted in the Permittee's DMR. F. Noncompliance Notification In the event the Permittee is unable to comply with any of the terms and conditions of this permit which may cause a threat to human health or the environment, the Permittee shall: 1. Immediately notify Ecology of the failure to comply. 2. Immediately take action to prevent the discharge/pollution, or otherwise stop or correct the noncompliance, and, if applicable, repeat sampling and analysis of any noncompliance immediately and submit the results to Ecology within five (5) days after becoming aware of the violation. Page 17 of 46 3. Submit a detailed written report to Ecology within five (5) days, unless requested earlier by Ecology. The report shall contain a description of the noncompliance, including exact dates and times, and if the noncompliance has not been corrected, the anticipated time it is expected to continue; and the steps taken or planned to reduce, eliminate, and prevent reoccurrence of the noncompliance. Compliance with these requirements does not relieve the Permittee from responsibility to maintain continuous compliance with the terms and conditions of this permit or the resulting liability for failure to comply. G. Access to Plans and Records 1. The Permittee shall retain the following permit documentation (plans and records) on - site, or within reasonable access to the site, for use by the operator; or on -site review by Ecology or the local jurisdiction: a. General Permit; b. Permit Coverage Letter; c. Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan (SWPPP); and d. Site Log Book 2. The Permittee(s) shall address written requests for plans and records listed above (Condition S5.G.1) as follows: a. A copy of plans and records shall be provided to Ecology within 14 days of receipt of a written request from Ecology. b. A copy of plans and records shall be provided to the public when requested in writing. Upon receiving a written request from the public for the Permittee's plans and records, the Permittee shall either: i. Provide a copy of the plans and records to the requestor within .14 days of a receipt of the written request; or ii. Notify the requestor within 10 days of receipt of the written request of the location and times within normal business hours when the plans and records may be viewed, and provide access to the plans and records within 14 days of receipt of the written request; or iii. Within 14 days of receipt of the written request, the Permittee may submit a copy of the plans and records to Ecology for viewing and/or copying by the requestor at an Ecology office, or a mutually agreed upon location. If plans and records are viewed and/or copied at a location other than at an Ecology office, the Permittee will provide reasonable access to copying services for which a reasonable fee may be charged. The Permittee shall notify the Page 18 of 46 requestor within 10 days of receipt of the request where the plans and records may be viewed and/or copied. S6. PERMIT FEES The Permittee shall pay permit fees assessed by Ecology. Fees for stormwater discharges covered under this permit shall be established by Chapter 173-224 WAC. Permit fees will continue to be assessed until the permit is terminated in accordance with Special Condition S 10 or revoked in accordance with General Condition G5. S7. SOLID AND LIQUID WASTE DISPOSAL Solid and liquid wastes generated by construction activity such as demolition debris, construction materials, contaminated materials, and waste materials from maintenance activities, including liquids and solids from cleaning catch basins and other stormwater facilities, shall be handled and disposed of in accordance with: 1. Special Condition S3, Compliance with Standards, and 2. WAC 173-216-110, and other applicable regulations. S8. DISCHARGES TO 303(D) OR TMDL WATERBODIES A. Sampling and Numeric Effluent Limitations For Discharges to 303(d)-listed Waterbodies 1.Permittees that discharge to water bodies listed as impaired by the State of Washington under Section 303(d) of the Clean Water Act for turbidity, fine sediment, high pH, or phosphorus, shall conduct water quality sampling according to the requirements of this section. 2. All references and requirements associated with Section 303(d) of the Clean Water Act mean the most current listing by Ecology of impaired waters that exists on November 16, 2005, or the date when the operator's complete permit application is received by Ecology, whichever is later. B. Discharges to 303(d)-Listed Waterbodies (Turbidity, Fine Sediment, or Phosphorus) 1. Permittees which discharge to waterbodies on the 303(d) list for turbidity, fine sediment, or phosphorus shall conduct turbidity sampling at the following locations to evaluate compliance with the water quality standard for turbidity: a. Background turbidity shall be measured in the 303(d)-listed receiving water immediately upstream (upgradient) or outside the area of influence of the discharge; and b. Discharge turbidity shall be measured at the point of discharge into the 303(d) listed receiving waterbody, inside the area of influence of the discharge; or Page 19 of 46 Alternatively, discharge turbidity may be measured at the point where the discharge leaves the construction site, rather than in the receiving waterbody. 2. Based on sampling, if the discharge turbidity exceeds the water quality standard for turbidity (more than 5 NTU over background turbidity when the background turbidity is 50 NTU or less, or more than a 10% increase in turbidity when the background turbidity is more than 50 NTU), all future discharges shall comply with a numeric effluent limit which is equal to the water quality standard for turbidity: 3. If a future discharge exceeds the water quality standard for turbidity, the Permittee shall: a. Review the SWPPP for compliance with Condition S9 and make appropriate revisions within 7 days of the discharge that exceeded the standard; b. Fully implement and maintain appropriate source control and/or treatment BMPs as soon as possible, but within 10 days of the discharge that exceeded the standard; c. Document BMP implementation and maintenance in the site log book; d. Notify the appropriate Ecology Regional Office by phone within 24 hours of analysis; e. Continue to sample daily until discharge turbidity meets the water quality standard for turbidity. C. Discharges to waterbodies on the 303(d) list for High pH Permittees which discharge to waterbodies on the 303(d) list for high pH shall conduct sampling at one of the following locations to evaluate compliance with the water quality standard for pH (in the range of 6.5 — 8.5): a. pH shall be measured at the point of discharge into the 303(d) listed waterbody, inside the area of influence of the discharge; or b. Alternatively; pH may be measured at the point where the discharge leaves the construction site, rather than in the receiving water. 2. Based on the sampling set forth above, if the pH exceeds the water quality standard for pH (in the range of 6.5 — 8.5), all future discharges shall comply with a numeric effluent limit which is equal to the water quality standard for pH. 3. If a future discharge exceeds the water quality standard for pH, the Permittee shall: a. Review the SWPPP for compliance with Condition S9 and make appropriate revisions within 7 days of the discharge that exceeded the water quality standard; Page 20 of 46 b. Fully implement and maintain appropriate source control and/or treatment BMPs as soon as possible, but within 10 days of the discharge that exceeded the standards; c. Document BUT implementation and maintenance in the site log book; d. Notify the appropriate Ecology Regional Office by phone within 24 hours of analysis; and e. Continue to sample daily until discharge meets the water quality standard for pH (in the range of 6.5 — 8.5) or the discharge stops or is eliminated. Parameter identified in 303(d) listing Parameter/Units Analytical Method Sampling Frequency Water Quality Standard Turbidity Turbidity/NTU SM2130 or Weekly, if If background is 50 Fine Sediment EPA180.1 discharging NTU or less: 5 NTU Phosphorus over background; or If background is more than 50 NTU: 10% over background High pH pH/Standard pH meter Weekly, if In the range of Units discharging 6.5 — 8.5 D. Sampling and Limitations For Sites Discharging to Applicable TMDLs 1. Discharges to a waterbodies subject to an applicable Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) for turbidity, fine sediment, high pH, or phosphorus, shall be consistent with the assumptions and requirements of the TMDL. a. Where an applicable TAML sets specific waste load allocations or requirements for discharges covered by this permit, discharges shall be consistent with any specific waste load allocations or requirements established by the applicable TMDL. ii. The Permittee shall sample discharges weekly, or as otherwise specified by the TMDL, to evaluate compliance with the specific waste load allocations or requirements. iii. Analytical methods used to meet the monitoring requirements shall conform to the latest revision of the Guidelines Establishing Test Procedures for the Analysis of Pollutants contained in 40 CFR Part 136. Turbidity and pH methods Page 21 of 46 need not be accredited or registered unless conducted at a laboratory which must otherwise be accredited or registered. b. Where an applicable TMDL has established a general waste load allocation for construction stormwater discharges, but no specific requirements have been identified, compliance with Conditions S4 (Monitoring) and S9 (SWPPPs) will be assumed to be consistent with the approved TMDL. c. Where an applicable TMDL has not specified a waste load allocation for construction stormwater discharges, but has not excluded these discharges, compliance with Conditions S4 (Monitoring) and S9 (SWPPPs) will be assumed to be consistent with the approved TMDL. d. Where an applicable TMDL specifically precludes or prohibits discharges from construction activity, the operator is not eligible for coverage under this permit. 2. Applicable TMDL means a TMDL for turbidity, fine sediment, high pH, or phosphorus, which has been completed and approved by EPA prior to November 16, 2005, or prior to the date the operator's complete permit application is received by Ecology, whichever is later. TMDLs completed after the operator's complete permit application is received by Ecology become applicable to the Permittee only if they are imposed through an administrative order by Ecology, or through a modification of permit coverage. S9. STORMWATER POLLUTION PREVENTION PLAN An adequate Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan (SWPPP) for construction activity shall be prepared and implemented in accordance with the requirements of this permit beginning with initial soil disturbance and until final stabilization. A. The SWPPP shall meet the following objectives: 1. To implement Best Management Practices (BMPs) to prevent erosion and sedimentation, and to identify, reduce, eliminate or prevent stormwater contamination' and water pollution from construction activity. 2. To prevent violations of surface water quality, ground water quality, or sediment management standards. 3. To control peak volumetric flow rates and velocities of stormwater discharges. B. General Requirements The SWPPP shall include a narrative and drawings. All BMPs shall be clearly referenced in the narrative and marked on the drawings. The SWPPP narrative shall include documentation to explain and justify the pollution prevention decisions made for the project. Documentation shall include: a. Information about existing site conditions (topography, drainage, soils, vegetation, etc.); Page 22 of 46 b. Potential erosion problem areas; c. The 12 elements of a SWPPP in S9.D.1-12, including BMPs used to address each element; d. Construction phasing/sequence and general BMP implementation schedule; e. The actions to be taken if BMP performance goals are not achieved; and f. Engineering calculations for ponds and any other designed structures. 2. The Permittee shall modify the SWPPP if, during inspections or investigations conducted by the owner/operator, or the applicable local or state regulatory authority, it is determined that the SWPPP is, or would be, ineffective in eliminating or significantly minimizing pollutants in stormwater discharges from the site. The Permittee shall take the following actions: a. Review the SWPPP for compliance with Condition S9 and make appropriate revisions within 7 days of the inspection or investigation; b. Fully implement and maintain appropriate source control and/or treatment BMPs as soon as possible, but no later than 10 days from the inspection or investigation; and c. Document BMP implementation and maintenance in the site log book. 3. The Permittee shall modify the SWPPP whenever there is a change in design, construction, operation, or maintenance at the construction site that has, or could have, a significant effect on the discharge of pollutants to waters of the state. C. Stormwater Best Management Practices (L3MPs) BMPs shall be consistent with: 1. Stormwater Management Manual for Western Washington (most recent edition), for sites west of the crest of the Cascade Mountains; 2. Stormwater Management Manual for Eastern Washington (most recent edition), for sites east of the crest of the Cascade Mountains; or 3. Other stormwater management guidance documents or manuals which provide an equivalent level of pollution prevention and are approved by Ecology; or 4. Documentation in the SWPPP that the BMPs selected provides an equivalent level of pollution prevention, compared to the applicable Stormwater Management Manuals, including: Page 23 of 46 a. The technical basis for the selection of all stormwater BMPs (scientific, technical studies, and/or modeling) which support the performance claims for the BMPs being selected; and b. An assessment of how the selected BMP will satisfy AKART requirements and the applicable federal technology -based treatment requirements under 40 CFR part 125.3. D. SWPPP — Narrative Contents and Requirements The Permittee shall include each of the 12 elements below in S9.D.1-12 in the narrative of the SWPPP and ensure that they are implemented unless site conditions render the element unnecessary and the exemption from that element is clearly justified in the SWPPP. 1. Preserve Vegetation/Mark Clearing Limits a. Prior to beginning land disturbing activities, including clearing and grading, clearly mark all clearing limits, sensitive areas and their buffers, and trees that are to be preserved within the construction area. b. The duff layer, native top soil, and natural vegetation shall be retained in an undisturbed state to the maximum degree practicable. 2. Establish Construction Access a. Construction vehicle access and exit shall be limited to one route, if possible. b. Access points shall be stabilized with a pad of quarry spalls, crushed rock, or other equivalent BAP, to minimize the tracking of sediment onto public roads. c. Wheel wash or tire baths shall be located on site, if the stabilized construction entrance is not effective in preventing sediment from being tracked onto public roads. d. If sediment is tracked off site, public roads shall be cleaned thoroughly at the end of each day, or more frequently during wet weather. Sediment shall be removed from roads by shoveling or pickup sweeping and shall be transported to a controlled sediment disposal area. e. Street washing is allowed only after sediment is removed in accordance with S9.D.2.d. Street wash wastewater shall be controlled by pumping back on site or otherwise be prevented from discharging into systems tributary to waters of the state. 3. Control Flow Rates a. Properties and waterways downstream from development sites shall be protected from erosion due to increases in the velocity and peak volumetric flow rate of stormwater runoff from the project site, as required by local plan approval authority. Page 24 of 46 b. Where necessary to comply with S9.D.3.a., stormwater retention or detention facilities shall be constructed as one of the first steps in grading. Detention facilities shall be functional prior to construction of site improvements (e.g., impervious surfaces). c. If permanent infiltration ponds are used for flow control during construction, these facilities shall be protected from siltation during the construction phase. 4. Install Sediment Controls a. Stormwater runoff from disturbed areas shall pass through a sediment pond or other appropriate sediment removal BMP, prior to leaving a construction site or prior to discharge to an infiltration facility. Runoff from fully stabilized areas may be discharged without a sediment removal BMP, but shall meet the flow control performance standard of S9.D.3.a. b. Sediment control BMPs (sediment ponds, traps, filters, etc.) shall be constructed as one of the first steps in grading. These BMPs shall be functional before other land disturbing activities take place. c. BMPs intended to trap sediment on site shall be located in a manner to avoid interference with the movement of juvenile salmonids attempting to enter off - channel areas or drainages. 5. Stabilize Soils a. Exposed and unworked soils shall be stabilized by application of effective BMPs that prevent erosion. Applicable BMPs include, but are not limited to: temporary and permanent seeding, sodding, mulching, plastic covering, erosion control fabrics and matting, soil application of polyacrylamide (PAM), the early application of gravel base on areas to be paved, and dust control. b. Depending on the geographic location of the project, no soils shall remain exposed and unworked for more than the time periods set forth below to prevent erosion: West of the Cascade Mountains Crest During the dry season (May 1 - Sept. 30): 7 days During the wet season (October 1 - April 30): 2 days East of the Cascade Mountains Crest, except for Central Basin* During the dry season (July 1 - September 30): 10 days During the wet season (October 1 - June 30): 5 days The Central Basin*, East of the Cascade Mountains Crest During the dry Season (July 1 - September 30): 30 days During the wet season (October 1 - June 30): 15 days *Note: The Central Basin is defined as the portions of Eastern Washington with mean annual precipitation of less than 12 inches. Page 25 of 46 The time period may be adjusted by a local jurisdiction, if the jurisdiction can show that local precipitation data justify a different standard. c. Soils shall be stabilized at the end of the shift before a holiday or weekend if needed based on the weather forecast. d. Soil stockpiles shall be stabilized from erosion, protected with sediment trapping measures, and where possible, be located away from storm drain inlets, waterways, and drainage channels. 6. Protect Slopes a. Design and construct cut and fill slopes in a manner that will minimize erosion. Applicable practices include, but are not limited to, reducing continuous length of slope with terracing and diversions, reducing slope steepness, and roughening slope surfaces (e.g., track walking). b. Off -site stormwater (run-on) or groundwater shall be diverted away from slopes and disturbed areas with interceptor dikes, pipes, and/or swales. Off -site stormwater should be managed separately from stormwater generated on the site. c. At the top of slopes, collect drainage in pipe slope drains or protected channels to prevent erosion. i. West of the Cascade Mountains Crest: Temporary pipe slope drains shall handle the peak 10-minute velocity of flow from a Type IA, 10-year, 24-hour frequency storm for the developed condition. Alternatively, the 10-year, 1- hour flow rate predicted by an approved continuous runoff model, increased by a factor of 1.6, may be used. The hydrologic analysis shall use the existing land cover condition for predicting flow rates from tributary areas outside the project limits. For tributary areas on the project site, the analysis shall use the temporary or permanent project land cover condition, whichever will produce the highest flow rates. If using the WWHM to predict flows, bare soil areas should be modeled as "landscaped area." ii. East of the Cascade Mountains Crest: Temporary pipe slope drains shall handle the expected peak flow velocity from a 6-month, 3-hour storm for the developed condition, referred to as the short duration storm. d. Excavated material shall be placed on the uphill side of trenches, consistent with safety and space considerations. e. Check dams shall be placed at regular intervals within constructed channels that are cut down a slope. 7. Protect Drain Inlets a. All storm drain inlets made operable during construction shall be protected so that stormwater runoff does not enter the conveyance system without first being filtered or treated to remove sediment. Page 26 of 46 b. Inlet protection devices shall be cleaned or removed and replaced when sediment has filled one-third of the available storage (unless a different standard is specified by the product manufacturer). 8. Stabilize Channels and Outlets a. All temporary on -site conveyance channels shall be designed, constructed, and stabilized to prevent erosion from the following expected peak flows: i. West of the Cascade Mountains Crest: Channels shall handle the peak 10 minute velocity of flow from a Type 1A, 10-year, 24-hour frequency storm for the developed condition. Alternatively, the 10-year, 1-hour flow rate indicated by an approved continuous runoff model, increased by a factor of 1.6, may be used. The hydrologic analysis shall use the existing land cover condition for predicting flow rates from tributary areas outside the project limits. For tributary areas on the project site, the analysis shall use the temporary or permanent project land cover condition, whichever will produce the highest flow rates. If using the WWHM to predict flows, bare soil areas should be modeled as "landscaped area." ii. East of the Cascade Mountains Crest: Channels shall handle the expected peak flow velocity from a 6-month, 3-hour storm for the developed condition, referred to as the short duration storm. b. Stabilization, including armoring material, adequate to prevent erosion of outlets, adjacent stream banks, slopes, and downstream reaches shall be provided at the outlets of all conveyance systems. 9. Control Pollutants a. All pollutants, including waste materials and demolition debris, that occur onsite shall be handled and disposed of in a manner that does not cause contamination of stormwater. b. Cover, containment, and protection from vandalism shall be provided for all chemicals, liquid products, petroleum products, and other materials that have the potential to pose a threat to human health or the environment. On -site fueling tanks shall include secondary containment. c. Maintenance, fueling, and repair of heavy equipment and vehicles shall be conducted using spill prevention and control measures. Contaminated surfaces shall be cleaned immediately following any spill incident. d. Wheel wash or tire bath wastewater shall be discharged to a separate on -site treatment system or to the sanitary sewer with local sewer district approval. e. Application of fertilizers and pesticides, shall be conducted in a manner and at application rates that will not result in loss of chemical to stormwater runoff. Manufacturers' label requirements for application rates and procedures shall be followed. Page 27 of 46 f. BMPs shall be used to prevent or treat contamination of stormwater runoff by pH modifying sources. These sources include, but are not limited to: bulk cement, cement kiln dust, fly ash, new concrete washing and curing waters, waste streams generated from concrete grinding and sawing, exposed aggregate processes, dewatering concrete vaults, concrete pumping and mixer washout waters. Permittees shall adjust the pH of stormwater if necessary to prevent violations of water quality standards. g. Permittees shall obtain written approval from Ecology prior to using chemical treatment, other than CO2 or dry ice to adjust pH. 10. Control De -Watering a. Foundation, vault, and trench de -watering water, which have similar characteristics to stormwater runoff at the site, shall be discharged into a controlled conveyance system prior to discharge to a sediment trap or sediment pond. b. Clean, non -turbid de -watering water, such as well -point ground water, can be discharged to systems tributary to, or directly into surface waters of the state, as specified in S9.D.8, provided the de -watering flow does not cause erosion or flooding of receiving waters. Clean de -watering water should not be routed through stormwater sediment ponds. c. Other de -watering disposal options may include: i. infiltration ii. transport offsite in a vehicle, such as a vacuum flush truck, for legal disposal in a manner that does not pollute state waters, iii. Ecology -approved on -site chemical treatment or other suitable treatment technologies, iv. sanitary sewer discharge with local sewer district approval, if there is no other option, or v. use of a sedimentation bag with outfall to a ditch or swale for small volumes of localized de -watering. d. Highly turbid or contaminated dewatering water shall be handled separately from stormwater. 11. Maintain BMPs a. All temporary and permanent erosion and sediment control BMPs shall be maintained and repaired as needed to assure continued performance of their intended function in accordance with BMP specifications. b. All temporary erosion and sediment control BMPs shall be removed within 30 days after final site stabilization is achieved or after the temporary BMPs are no longer needed. Page 28 of 46 12. Manage the Project a. Development projects shall be phased to the maximum degree practicable and shall take into account seasonal work limitations. b. Inspection and Monitoring All BMPs shall be inspected, maintained, and repaired as needed to assure continued performance of their intended function. Site inspections and monitoring shall be conducted in accordance with S4. c. Maintaining an Updated Construction SWPPP The SWPPP shall be maintained, updated, and implemented in accordance with Conditions S3, S4 and S9. E. SWPPP — Man Contents and Requirements The SWPPP shall also include a vicinity map or general location map (e.g. USGS Quadrangle map, a portion of a county or city map, or other appropriate map) with enough detail to identify the location of the construction site and receiving waters within one mile of the site. The SWPPP shall also include a legible site map (or maps) showing the entire construction site. The following features shall be. identified, unless not applicable due to site conditions: 1. The direction of north, property lines, and existing structures and roads; 2. Cut and fill slopes indicating the top and bottom of slope catch lines; 3. Approximate slopes, contours, and direction of stormwater flow before and after major grading activities; 4. Areas of soil disturbance and areas that will not be disturbed; 5. Locations of structural and nonstructural controls (BMPs) identified in the SWPPP 6. Locations of off -site material, stockpiles, waste storage, borrow areas, and vehicle/equipment storage areas; 7. Locations of all surface water bodies, including wetlands; 8. Locations where stormwater or non-stormwater discharges off -site and/or to a surface water body, including wetlands; 9. Location of water quality sampling station(s), if sampling is required by state or local permitting authority; and Page 29 of 46 10. Areas where final stabilization has been accomplished and no further construction - phase permit requirements apply. S10. NOTICE OF TERMINATION A. The site is eligible for termination when either of the following conditions have been met: 1. The site has undergone final stabilization, all temporary BMPs have been removed, and all stormwater discharges associated with construction activity have been eliminated; or 2. All portions of the site which have not undergone final stabilization per S 1 O.A.1 have been sold and/or transferred (per Condition G9), and the Permittee no longer has operational control of the construction activity. B. When the site is eligible for termination, the Permittee shall submit a complete and accurate Notice of Termination (NOT) form, signed in accordance with General Condition G2, to: Department of Ecology Water Quality Program - Construction Stormwater PO Box 47696 Olympia, Washington 98504-7696 C. The termination is effective on the date the NOT form was received by Ecology, unless the Permittee is notified by Ecology within 30 days that termination request is denied because the eligibility requirements in Condition S 10.A have not been met. Page 30 of 46 GENERAL CONDITIONS G1. DISCHARGE VIOLATIONS All discharges and activities authorized by this general permit shall be consistent with the terms and conditions of this general permit. Any discharge of any pollutant more frequent than or at a level in excess of that identified and authorized by the general permit shall constitute a violation of the terms and conditions of this permit. G2. SIGNATORY REQUIREMENTS A. All permit applications shall bear a certification of correctness to be signed: 1. In the case of corporations, by a responsible corporate officer of at least the level of vice president of a corporation; 2. In the case of a partnership, by a general partner of a partnership; 3. In the case of sole proprietorship, by the proprietor; or 4. In the case of a municipal, state, or other public facility, by either a principal executive officer or ranking elected official. B. All reports required by this permit and other information requested by Ecology shall be signed by a person described above or by a duly authorized representative of that person. A person is a duly authorized representative only if. 1. The authorization is made in writing by a person described above and submitted to the Ecology. 2. The authorization specifies either an individual or a position having responsibility for the overall operation of the regulated facility, such as the position of plant manager, superintendent, position of equivalent responsibility, or an individual or position having overall responsibility for environmental matters. C. Changes to authorization. If an authorization under paragraph G2.13.2 above is no longer accurate because a different individual or position has responsibility for the overall operation of the facility, a new authorization satisfying the requirements of paragraph G23.2 above shall be submitted to Ecology prior to or together with any reports, information, or applications to be signed by an authorized representative. D. Certification. Any person signing a document under this section shall make the following certification: "I certify under penalty of law, that this document and all attachments were prepared under my direction or supervision in accordance with a system designed to assure that qualified personnel properly gathered and evaluated Page 31 of 46 the information submitted. Based on my inquiry of the person or persons who manage the system, or those persons directly responsible for gathering information, the information submitted is, to the best of my knowledge and belief, true, accurate, and complete. I am aware that there are significant penalties for submitting false information, including the possibility of fine and imprisonment for knowing violations." G3. RIGHT OF INSPECTION AND ENTRY The Permittee shall allow an authorized representative of Ecology, upon the presentation of credentials and such other documents as may be required by law: A. To enter upon the premises where a discharge is located or where any records shall be kept under the terms and conditions of this permit. B. To have access to and copy - at reasonable times and at reasonable cost - any records required to be kept under the terms and conditions of this permit. C. To inspect - at reasonable tunes - any facilities, equipment (including monitoring and control equipment), practices, methods, or operations regulated or required under this permit. D. To sample or monitor - at reasonable times - any substances or parameters at any location for purposes of assuring permit compliance or as otherwise authorized by the Clean Water Act. G4. GENERAL PERMIT MODIFICATION AND REVOCATION This permit may be modified, revoked and reissued, or terminated in accordance with the provisions of Chapter 173-226 WAC. Grounds for modification, revocation and reissuance, or termination include, but are not limited to, the following: A. When a change which occurs in the technology or practices for control or abatement of pollutants applicable to the category of dischargers covered under this permit; B. When effluent limitation guidelines or standards are promulgated pursuant to the CWA or Chapter 90.48 RCW, for the category of dischargers covered under this permit; C. When a water quality management plan containing requirements applicable to the category of dischargers covered under this permit is approved; or D. When information is obtained which indicates that cumulative effects on the environment from dischargers covered under this permit are unacceptable. G5. REVOCATION OF COVERAGE UNDER THE PERMIT Pursuant with Chapter 43.21B RCW and Chapter 173-226 WAC, the Director may terminate coverage for any discharger under this permit for cause. Cases where coverage may be terminated include, but are not limited to, the following: Page 32 of 46 A. Violation of any term or condition of this permit; B. Obtaining coverage under this permit by misrepresentation or failure to disclose fully all relevant facts; C. A change in any condition that requires either a temporary or permanent reduction or elimination of the permitted discharge; D. Failure or refusal of the Permittee to allow entry as required in RCW 90.48.090; E. A determination that the permitted activity endangers human health or the environment, or contributes to water quality standards violations; F. Nonpayment of permit fees or penalties assessed pursuant to RCW 90.48.465 and Chapter 173-224 WAC; G. Failure of the Permittee to satisfy the public notice requirements of WAC 173-226- 130(5), when applicable. The Director may require any discharger under this permit to apply for and obtain coverage under an individual permit or another more specific general permit. Permittees who have their coverage revoked for cause according to WAC 173-226-240 may request temporary coverage under this permit during the time an individual permit is being developed, provided the request is made within ninety (90) days from the time of revocation and is submitted along with a complete individual permit application form. G6. REPORTING A CAUSE FOR MODIFICATION The Permittee shall submit a new application, or a supplement to the previous application, whenever a material change to the construction activity or in the quantity or type of discharge is anticipated which is not specifically authorized by this permit. This application shall be submitted at least sixty (60) days prior to any proposed changes. The filing of a request by the Permittee for a permit modification, revocation and reissuance, or termination, or a notification of planned changes or anticipated noncompliance does not relieve the Permittee of the duty to comply with the existing permit until it is modified or reissued. G7. COMPLIANCE WITH OTHER LAWS AND STATUTES Nothing in this permit shall be construed as excusing the Permittee from compliance with any applicable federal, state, or local statutes, ordinances, or regulations. G8. DUTY TO REAPPLY The Permittee shall apply for permit renewal at least 180 days prior to the specified expiration date of this permit. G9. TRANSFER OF GENERAL PERMIT COVERAGE Coverage under this general permit is automatically transferred to a new discharger, including operators of lots/parcels within a common plan of development or sale, if: Page 33 of 46 A. A written, signed agreement (Transfer of Coverage Form) between the current discharger (Permittee) and new discharger containing a specific date for transfer of permit responsibility, coverage, and liability is submitted to the Director; and B. The Director does not notify the current discharger and new discharger of the Director's ' intent to revoke coverage under the general permit. If this notice is not given, the transfer is effective on the date specified in the written agreement. When a current discharger (Permittee) transfers a portion of a permitted site, the current discharger shall also submit an updated application form (NOI) to the Director indicating the remaining permitted acreage after the transfer. When a current discharger (Permittee) transfers all portions of a permitted site to one or more new dischargers, the current discharger shall also submit a notice of termination (NOT) form to the Director. G10. REMOVED SUBSTANCES Collected screenings, grit, solids, sludges, filter backwash, or other pollutants removed in the course of treatment or control of stormwater shall not be resuspended or reintroduced to the final effluent stream for discharge to state waters. G11. DUTY TO PROVIDE INFORMATION The Permittee shall submit to Ecology, within a reasonable time, all information which Ecology may request to determine whether cause exists for modifying, revoking and reissuing, or terminating this permit or to determine compliance with this permit. The Permittee shall also submit to Ecology upon request, copies of records required to be kept by this permit [40 CFR 122.41(h)]. G12.OTHER REQUIREMENTS OF 40 CFR All other requirements of 40 CFR 122.41 and 122.42 are incorporated in this permit by reference. G13. ADDITIONAL MONITORING Ecology may establish specific monitoring requirements in addition to those contained in this permit by administrative order or permit modification. G14. PENALTIES FOR VIOLATING PERMIT CONDITIONS Any person who is found guilty of willfully violating the terms and conditions of this permit shall be deemed guilty of a crime, and upon conviction thereof shall be punished by a fine of up to ten thousand dollars ($10,000) and costs of prosecution, or by imprisonment in the discretion of the court. Each day upon which a willful violation occurs may be deemed a separate and additional violation. Any person who violates the terms and conditions of a waste discharge permit shall incur, in addition to any other penalty as provided by law, a civil penalty in the amount of up to ten Page 34 of 46 thousand dollars ($10,000) for every such violation. Each and every such violation shall be a separate and distinct offense, and in case of a continuing violation, every day's continuance shall be deemed to be a separate and distinct violation. G15. UPSET Definition — "Upset" means an exceptional incident in which there is unintentional and temporary noncompliance with technology -based permit effluent limitations because of factors beyond the reasonable control of the Permittee. An upset does not include noncompliance to the extent caused by operational error, improperly designed treatment facilities, inadequate treatment facilities, lack of preventive maintenance, or careless or improper operation. An upset constitutes an affirmative defense to an action brought for noncompliance with such technology -based permit effluent limitations if the requirements of the following paragraph are met. A Permittee who wishes to establish the affirmative defense of upset shall demonstrate, through properly signed, contemporaneous operating logs or other relevant evidence that: 1) an upset occurred and that the Permittee can identify the cause(s) of the upset; 2) the permitted facility was being properly operated at the time of the upset; 3) the Permittee submitted notice of the upset as required in condition S5.F; and 4) the Permittee complied with any remedial measures required under this permit. In any enforcement proceeding, the Permittee seeking to establish the occurrence of an upset has the burden of proof. G16. PROPERTY RIGHTS This permit does not convey any property rights of any sort, or any exclusive privilege. G17. DUTY TO COMPLY The Permittee shall comply with all conditions of this permit. Any permit noncompliance constitutes a violation of the Clean Water Act and is grounds for enforcement action; for permit termination, revocation and reissuance, or modification; or denial of a permit renewal application. G18. TOXIC POLLUTANTS The Permittee shall comply with effluent standards or prohibitions established under Section 307(a) of the Clean Water Act for toxic pollutants within the time provided in the regulations that establish those standards or prohibitions, even if this permit has not yet been modified to incorporate the requirement. Page 35 of 46 G19. PENALTIES FOR TAMPERING The Clean Water Act provides that any person who falsifies, tampers with, or knowingly renders inaccurate any monitoring device or method required to be maintained under this permit shall, upon conviction, be punished by a fine of not more than $10,000 per violation, or by imprisonment for not more than two years per violation, or by both. If a conviction of a person is for a violation committed after a first conviction of such person under this Condition, punishment shall be a fine of not more than $20,000 per day of violation, or imprisonment of not more than four (4) years, or both. G20. REPORTING PLANNED CHANGES The Permittee shall, as soon as possible, give notice to Ecology of planned physical alterations, modifications or additions to the permitted construction activity, which will result A. The permitted facility being determined to be a new source pursuant to 40 CFR 122.29(b); B. A significant change in the nature or an increase in quantity of pollutants discharged, including but not limited to: for sites 5 acres or larger, a 20% or greater increase in acreage disturbed by construction activity; C. A change in or addition of surface water(s) receiving stormwater or non-stormwater from the construction activity; or D. A change in the construction plans and/or activity that affects the Permittee's monitoring requirements in Special Condition S4. Following such notice, permit coverage may be modified, or revoked and reissued pursuant to 40 CFR 122.62(a) to specify and limit any pollutants not previously limited. Until such modification is effective, any new or increased discharge in excess of permit limits or not specifically authorized by this permit constitutes a violation. G21. REPORTING OTHER INFORMATION . Where the Permittee becomes aware that it failed to submit any relevant facts in a permit application, or. submitted incorrect information in a permit application or in any report to Ecology, it shall promptly submit such facts or information. G22. REPORTING ANTICIPATED NON-COMPLIANCE The Permittee shall give advance notice to Ecology by submission of a new application or supplement thereto at least forty-five (45) days prior to commencement of such discharges, of any facility expansions, production increases, or other planned changes, such as process modifications, in the permitted facility or activity which may result in noncompliance with permit limits or conditions. Any maintenance of facilities, which might necessitate Page 36 of 46 unavoidable interruption of operation and degradation of effluent quality, shall be scheduled during non -critical water quality periods and carried out in a manner approved by Ecology. G23. REQUESTS TO BE EXCLUDED FROM COVERAGE UNDER THE PERMIT Any discharger authorized by this permit may request to be excluded from coverage under the general permit by applying for an individual permit. The discharger shall submit to the Director an application as described in WAC 173-220-040 or WAC 173-216-070, whichever is applicable, with reasons supporting the request. These reasons shall fully document how an individual permit will apply to the applicant in a way that the general permit cannot. Ecology may make specific requests for information to support the request. The Director shall either issue an individual permit or deny the request with a statement explaining the reason for the denial. When an individual permit is issued to a discharger otherwise subject to the construction stormwater general permit, the applicability of the construction stormwater general permit to that Permittee is automatically terminated on the effective date of the individual permit. G24. APPEALS A. The terms and conditions of this general permit, as they apply to the appropriate class of dischargers, are subject to appeal by any person within 30 days of issuance of this general permit, in accordance with Chapter 43.2113 RCW, and Chapter 173-226 WAC. B. The terms and conditions of this general permit, as they apply to an individual discharger, are appealable in accordance with Chapter 43.21B RCW within 30 days of the effective date of coverage of that discharger. Consideration of an appeal of general permit coverage of an individual discharger is limited to the general permit's applicability or nonapplicability to that individual discharger. I C. The appeal of general permit coverage of an individual discharger does not affect any other dischargers covered under this general permit. If the terms and conditions of this general permit are found to be inapplicable to any individual discharger(s), the matter shall be remanded to Ecology for consideration of issuance of an individual permit or permits. G25. SEVERABILITY The provisions of this permit are severable, and if any provision of this permit, or application of any provision of this permit to any circumstance, is held invalid, the application of such provision to other circumstances, and the remainder of this permit shall not be affected thereby. G26. BYPASS PROHIBITED A. Bypass Procedures Bypass, which is the intentional diversion of waste streams from any portion of a treatment facility, is prohibited for stormwater events below the design criteria for Page 37 of 46 stormwater management. Ecology may take enforcement action against a Permittee for bypass unless one of the following circumstances (1, 2, 3 or 4) is applicable. 1. Bypass of stormwater is consistent with the design criteria and part of an approved management practice in the applicable stormwater management manual. 2. Bypass for essential maintenance without the potential to cause violation of permit limits or conditions. Bypass is authorized if it is for essential maintenance and does not have the potential to cause violations of limitations or other conditions of this permit, or adversely impact public health. 3. Bypass of stormwater is unavoidable, unanticipated, and results in noncompliance of this permit. This bypass is permitted only if: a. Bypass is unavoidable to prevent loss of life, personal injury, or severe property damage. "Severe property damage" means substantial physical damage to property, damage to the. treatment facilities which would cause them to become inoperable, or substantial and permanent loss of natural resources which can reasonably be expected to occur in the absence of a bypass; b. There are no feasible alternatives to the bypass, such as the use of auxiliary treatment facilities, retention of untreated wastes, maintenance during normal periods of equipment downtime (but not if adequate backup equipment should have been installed in the exercise of reasonable engineering judgment to prevent a bypass which occurred during normal periods of equipment downtime or preventative maintenance), or transport of untreated wastes to another treatment facility; and c. Ecology is properly notified of the bypass as required in Special Condition S5.F of this permit. 4. A planned action that would cause bypass of stormwater and has the potential to result in noncompliance of this permit during a storm event. The Permittee shall notify Ecology at least thirty (30) days before the planned date of bypass. The notice shall contain: a. a description of the bypass and its cause; b. an analysis of all known alternatives which would eliminate, reduce, or mitigate the need for bypassing; c. a cost-effectiveness analysis of alternatives including comparative resource damage assessment; d. the minimum and maximum duration of bypass under each alternative; e. a recommendation as to the preferred alternative for conducting the bypass; Page 38 of 46 f. the projected date of bypass initiation; g. a statement of compliance with SEPA; h. a request for modification of water quality standards as provided for in WAC 173- 201A-110, if an exceedance of any water quality standard is anticipated; and i. steps taken or planned to reduce, eliminate, and prevent reoccurrence of the bypass. 5. For probable construction bypasses, the need to bypass is to be identified as early in the planning process as possible. The analysis required above shall be considered during preparation of the Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan (SWPPP) and shall be included to the extent practical. In cases where the probable need to bypass is determined early, continued analysis is necessary up to and including the construction period in an effort to minimize or eliminate the bypass. Ecology will consider the following prior to issuing an administrative order for this type bypass: a. If the bypass is necessary to perform construction or maintenance -related activities essential to meet the requirements of this permit. b. If there are feasible alternatives to bypass, such as the use of auxiliary treatment facilities, retention of untreated wastes, stopping production, maintenance during normal periods of equipment down time, or transport of untreated wastes to another treatment facility. c. If the bypass is planned and scheduled to minimize adverse effects on the public and the environment. After consideration of the above and the adverse effects of the proposed bypass and any other relevant factors, Ecology will approve, conditionally approve, or deny the request. The public shall be notified and given an opportunity to comment on bypass incidents of significant duration, to the extent feasible. Approval of a request to bypass will be by administrative order issued by Ecology under RCW 90.48.120. B. DutyDpty to Mitigate The Permittee is required to take all reasonable steps to minimize or prevent any discharge or sludge use or disposal in violation of this permit that has a reasonable likelihood of adversely affecting human health or the environment. Page 39 of 46 APPENDIX A — DEFINITIONS AKART is an acronym for "all known, available, and reasonable methods of prevention, control, and treatment." AKART represents the most current methodology that can be reasonably required for preventing, controlling, or abating the pollutants and controlling pollution associated with a discharge. A-12plicable TAML means a TMDL for turbidity, fine sediment, high pH, or phosphorus, which has been completed and approved by EPA prior to November 16, 2005, or prior to the date the operator's complete permit application is received by Ecology, whichever is later. Applicant means an operator seeking coverage under this permit. Best Manazement Practices (BMPs) means schedules of activities, prohibitions of practices, maintenance procedures, and other physical, structural and/or managerial practices to prevent or reduce the pollution of waters of the state. BMPs include treatment systems, operating procedures, and practices to control: stormwater associated with construction activity, spillage or leaks, sludge or waste disposal, or drainage from raw material storage. Buffer means an area designated by a local jurisdiction that is contiguous to and intended to protect a sensitive area Bypass means the intentional diversion of waste streams from any portion of a treatment facility. Calendar Week (same as Week) means a period of seven consecutive days starting on Sunday. Certified Erosion and Sediment Control Lead (CESCL) means a person who has current certification through an approved erosion and sediment control training program that meets the minimum training standards established by Ecology (see BMP C160 in the SW`W. Clean Water Act (CWA) means the Federal Water Pollution Control Act enacted by Public Law 92-500, as amended by Public Laws 95-217, 95-576, 96-483, and 97-117; USC 1251 et seq. Combined Sewer means a sewer which has been designed to serve as a sanitary sewer and a storm sewer, and into which inflow is allowed by local ordinance. Common plan of development or sale means a site where multiple separate and distinct construction activities may be taking place at different times on different schedules, but still under a single plan. Examples include: 1) phased projects and projects with multiple filings or lots, even if the separate phases or filings/lots will be constructed under separate contract or by separate owners (e.g., a development where lots are sold to separate builders); 2) a development plan that may be phased over multiple years, but is still under a consistent plan for long-term development; and 3) projects in a contiguous area that may be unrelated but still under the same contract, such as construction of a building extension and a new parking lot at the same facility. Page 40 of 46 If the project is part of a common plan of development or sale, the disturbed area of the entire plan shall be used in determining permit requirements. Composite Sample A mixture of grab samples collected at the same sampling point at different times, formed either by continuous sampling or by mixing discrete samples. May be "time - composite" (collected at constant time intervals) or "flow -proportional" (collected either as a constant sample volume at time intervals proportional to stream flow, or collected by increasing the volume of each aliquot as the flow increases while maintaining a constant time interval between the aliquots. Construction Activity means land disturbing operations including clearing, grading or excavation which disturbs the surface of the land. Such activities may include road construction, construction of residential houses, office buildings, or industrial buildings, and demolition activity. Demonstrably Equivalent means that the technical basis for the selection of all stormwater BMPs is documented within a SWPPP, including: 1. The method and reasons for choosing the stormwater BMPs selected; 2. The pollutant removal performance expected from the BMPs selected; 3. The technical basis supporting the performance claims for the BMPs selected, including any available data concerning field performance of the BMPs selected; 4. An assessment of how the selected BMPs will comply with state water quality standards; and 5. An assessment of how the selected BMPs will satisfy both applicable federal technology -based treatment requirements and state requirements to use all known, available, and reasonable methods of prevention, control, and treatment (AKART). Department means the Washington State Department of Ecology. Detention means the temporary storage of stormwater to improve quality and/or to reduce the mass flow rate of discharge. De-waterinjz means the act of pumping ground water or stormwater away from an active construction site. Director means the Director of the Washington Department of Ecology or his/her authorized representative. Discharger means an owner or operator of any facility or activity subject to regulation under Chapter 90.48 RCW or the Federal Clean Water Act. Domestic Wastewater means water carrying human wastes, including kitchen, bath, and laundry wastes from residences, buildings, industrial establishments, or other places, together with such ground water infiltration or surface waters as may be present. Page 41 of 46 Engineered soils The use of soil amendments including, but not limited, to Portland cement treated base (CTB), cement kiln dust (CKD), or fly ash to achieve certain desirable soil characteristics. Equivalent BMPs means operational, source control, treatment, or innovative BMPs which result in equal or better quality of stormwater discharge to surface water or to ground water than BMPs selected from the SWMM. Erosion means the wearing away of the land surface by running water, wind, ice, or other geological agents, including such processes as gravitational creep. Erosion and Sediment Control BMPs means BMPs that are intended to prevent erosion and sedimentation, such as preserving natural vegetation, seeding, mulching and matting, plastic covering, filter fences, sediment traps, and ponds. Erosion and sediment control BMPs are synonymous with stabilization and structural BMPs. Final Stabilization (same as fully stabilized or full stabilization) means the establishment of a permanent vegetative cover, or equivalent permanent stabilization measures (such as riprap, gabions or geotextiles) which prevents erosion. Ground Water means water in a saturated zone or stratum beneath the land surface or a surface water body. I_niection well means a "well" that is used for the subsurface emplacement of fluids. (see Well) Jurisdiction means a political unit such as a city, town or county; incorporated for local self- government. National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) means the national program for issuing, modifying, revoking and reissuing, terminating, monitoring, and enforcing permits, and imposing and enforcing pretreatment requirements, under sections 307, 402, 318, and 405 of the Federal Clean Water Act, for the discharge of pollutants to surface waters of the state from point sources. These permits are referred to as NPDES permits and, in Washington State, are administered by the Washington Department of Ecology. Notice of Intent (NOI) means the application for, or a request for coverage under this general permit pursuant to WAC 173-226-200. Notice of Termination (NOT) means a request for termination of coverage under this general permit as specified by Special Condition S 10 of this permit. Operator means any party associated with a construction project that meets either of the following two criteria: 1. The party has operational control over construction plans and specifications, including the ability to make modifications to those plans and specifications; or Page 42 of 46 2. The party has day-to-day operational control of those activities at a project which are necessary to ensure compliance with a SWPPP for the site or other permit conditions (e.g., they are authorized to direct workers at a site to carry out activities required by the SWPPP or comply with other permit conditions). Ou all. means the location where stormwater leaves the site. It also includes the location where stormwater is discharged to a surface waterbody within a site, but does not include discharges to on -site stormwater treatment/infiltration devices or storm sewer systems. Permittee means individual or entity that receives notice of coverage under this general permit. pH means a liquid's acidity or alkalinity. A pH of 7 is defined as neutral. Large variations above or below this value are considered harmful to most aquatic life. pH Monitoring Period means the time period in which the pH of stormwater runoff from a site shall be tested a minimum of once every seven days to determine if stormwater is above pH 8.5. Point Source means any discernible, confined, and discrete conveyance, including but not limited to, any pipe, ditch, channel, tunnel, conduit, well, discrete fissure, and container from which pollutants are or may be discharged to surface waters of the state. This term does not include return flows from irrigated agriculture. (See Fact Sheet for further explanation.) Pollutant means dredged spoil, solid waste, incinerator residue, filter backwash, sewage, garbage, domestic sewage sludge (biosolids), munitions, chemical wastes, biological materials, radioactive materials, heat, wrecked or discarded equipment, rock, sand, cellar dirt, and industrial, municipal, and agricultural waste. This term does not include sewage from vessels within the meaning of section 312 of the CWA, nor does it include dredged or fill material discharged in accordance with a permit issued under section 404 of the CWA. Pollution means contamination or other alteration of the physical, chemical, or biological properties of waters of the state; including change in temperature, taste, color, turbidity, or odor of the waters; or such discharge of any liquid, gaseous, solid, radioactive or other substance into any waters of the state as will or is likely to create a nuisance or render such waters harmful, detrimental or injurious to the public health, safety or welfare; or to domestic, commercial, industrial, agricultural, recreational, or other legitimate beneficial uses; or to livestock, wild animals, birds, fish or other aquatic life. Receiving Water means the waterbody at the point of discharge. If the discharge is to a storm sewer system, either surface or subsurface, the receiving water is the waterbody that the storm sewer system discharges to. Systems designed primarily for other purposes such as for ground water drainage, redirecting stream natural flows, or for conveyance of irrigation water/return flows that coincidentally convey stormwater are considered the receiving water. Representative means a stormwater or wastewater sample which represents the flow and characteristics of the discharge. Representative samples may be a grab sample, a time - proportionate composite sample, or a flow proportionate sample. Ecology's Construction Stormwater Monitoring Manual provides guidance on representative sampling. Page 43 of 46 Sanitary Sewer means a sewer which is designed to convey domestic wastewater. Sediment means the fragmented material that originates from the weathering and erosion of rocks or unconsolidated deposits, and is transported by, suspended in, or deposited by water. Sedimentation means the depositing or formation of sediment. Sensitive area means a waterbody, wetland, stream, aquifer recharge area, or channel migration zone. SEPA (State Environmental Policy Act) means the Washington State Law, RCW 43.21C.020, intended to prevent or eliminate damage to the environment. Significant Amount means an amount of a pollutant in a discharge that is amenable to available and reasonable methods of prevention or treatment; or an amount of a pollutant that has a reasonable potential to cause a violation of surface or ground water quality or sediment management standards. Significant Concrete Work means greater than 1000 cubic yards poured concrete or recycled concrete. Significant Contributor of Pollutants means a facility detellluned by Ecology to be a contributor of a significant amount(s) of a pollutant(s) to waters of the state of Washington. Site means the land or water area where any "facility or activity" is physically located or conducted. Source Control BMPs means physical, structural or mechanical devices or facilities that are intended to prevent pollutants from entering stormwater. A few examples of source control BMPs are erosion control practices, maintenance of stormwater facilities, constructing roofs over storage and working areas, and directing wash water and similar discharges to the sanitary sewer or a dead end sump. Stabilization means the application of appropriate BMPs to prevent the erosion of soils, such as, temporary and permanent seeding, vegetative covers, mulching and matting, plastic covering and sodding. See also the definition of Erosion and Sediment Control BMPs. Storm Drain means any drain which drains directly into a storm sewer system, usually found along roadways or in parking lots. Storm Sewer System means a means a conveyance, or system of conveyances (including roads with drainage systems, municipal streets, catch basins, curbs, gutters, ditches, manmade channels, or storm drains designed or used for collecting or conveying stormwater. This does not include systems which are part of a combined sewer or Publicly Owned Treatment Works (POTW) as defined at 40 CFR 122.2. Page 44 of 46 Stormwater means that portion of precipitation that does not naturally percolate into the ground or evaporate, but flows via overland flow, interflow, pipes, and other features of a stormwater drainage system into a defined surface water body, or a constructed infiltration facility. Stormwater Management Manual (SWMM or Manual means the technical manual published by Ecology for use by local governments that contain descriptions of and design criteria for BMPs to prevent, control, or treat pollutants in stormwater. Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan (SWPPP) means a documented plan to implement measures to identify, prevent, and control the contamination of point source discharges of stormwater. Surface Waters of the State includes lakes, rivers, ponds, streams, inland waters, salt waters, and all other surface waters and water courses within the jurisdiction of the state of Washington. Total Maximum Daily Load (TIIDL) means a calculation of the maximum amount of a pollutant that a waterbody can receive and still meet state water quality standards. Percentages of the total maximum daily load are allocated to the various pollutant sources. A TMDL is the sum of the allowable loads of a single pollutant from all contributing point and nonpoint sources. The TMDL calculations shall include a "margin of safety" to ensure that the waterbody can be protected in case there are unforeseen events or unknown sources of the pollutant. The calculation shall also account for seasonable variation in water quality. Treatment BMPs means BMPs that are intended to remove pollutants from stormwater. A few examples of treatment BMPs are detention ponds, oil/water separators, biofiltration, and constructed wetlands. Transparency means a measurement of water clarity in centimeters (cm), using a 60 cm. transparency tube. The transparency tube is used to estimate the relative clarity or transparency of water by noting the depth at which a black and white Secchi disc becomes visible when water is released from a value in the bottom of the tube. A transparency tube is sometimes referred to as a "turbidity tube". Turbidi The clarity of water expressed as nephelometric turbidity units (NTU) and measured with a calibrated turbidimeter. Waste Load Allocation (WLA) means the portion of a receiving water's loading capacity that is allocated to one of its existing or future point sources of pollution. WLAs constitute a type of water quality based effluent limitation (40 CFR 130.2(h)). Water Quality means the chemical, physical, and biological characteristics of water, usually with respect to its suitability for a particular purpose. Waters of the State includes those waters as defined as "waters of the United States" in 40 CFR Subpart 122.2 within the geographic boundaries of Washington State and "waters of the state" as Page 45 of 46 defined in Chapter 90.48 RCW which include lakes, rivers, ponds, streams, inland waters, underground waters, salt waters, and all other surface waters and water courses within the jurisdiction of the state of Washington. Well means a bored, drilled or driven shaft, or dug hole whose depth is greater than the largest surface dimension. (see Injection Well) Page 46 of 46 APPENDIX B — ACRONYMS AKART All Known, Available, and Reasonable Methods of Prevention, Control, and Treatment BMP Best Management Practice CESCL Certified Erosion and Sediment Control Lead CFR Code of Federal Regulations CKD Cement Kiln Dust cm Centimeters CTB Cement Treated Base CWA Clean Water Act DMR Discharge Monitoring Report EPA Environmental Protection Agency ESC Erosion and Sediment Control NOI Notice of Intent NOT Notice of Termination NPDES National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System NTU Nephelometric Turbidity Unit RCW Revised Code of Washington SEPA State Environmental Policy Act SW1VIM Stormwater Management Manual SWPPP Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan TMDL Total Maximum Daily Load UIC . Underground Injection Control USC United States Code USEPA United States Environmental Protection Agency WAC Washington Administrative Code WQ Water Quality WWHM Western Washington Hydrology Model Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan Appendix E — Site Inspection Forms (and Site Log) The results of each inspection shall be summarized in an inspection report or checklist that is entered into or attached to the site log book. It is suggested that the inspection report or checklist be included in this appendix to keep monitoring and inspection information in one document, but this is optional. However, it is mandatory that this SWPPP and the site inspection forms be kept onsite at all times during construction, and that inspections be performed and documented as outlined below. At a minimum, each inspection report or checklist shall include: a. Inspection date/times b. Weather information: general conditions during inspection, approximate amount of precipitation since the last inspection, and approximate amount of precipitation within the last 24 hours. C. A summary or list of all BMPs that have been implemented, including observations of all erosion/sediment control structures or practices. d. The following shall be noted: i. locations of BMPs inspected, ii. locations of BMPs that need maintenance, iii. the reason maintenance is needed, iv. locations of BMPs that failed to operate as designed or intended, and V. locations where additional or different BMPs are needed, and the reason(s) why e. A description of stormwater discharged from the site. The presence of suspended sediment, turbid water, discoloration, and/or oil sheen shall be noted, as applicable. f. A description of any water quality monitoring performed during inspection, and the results of that monitoring. g. General comments and notes, including a brief description of any BMP repairs, maintenance or installations made as a result of the inspection. h. A statement that, in the judgment of the person conducting the site inspection, the site is either in compliance or out of compliance with the terms and conditions of the SWPPP and the NPDES permit. If the site inspection indicates that the site is out of compliance, the inspection report shall include a summary of the 37 Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan remedial actions required to bring the site back into compliancc. as well as a schedule of implementation. Name, title, and signature of person conducting the site inspection; and the following statement: "I certify under penalty of law that this report is true, accurate, and complete, to the best of my knowledge and belief'. When the site inspection indicates that the site is not in compliance with any terms and conditions of the NPDES permit, the Permittee shall take immediate action(s) to: stop, contain, and clean up the unauthorized discharges, or otherwise stop the noncompliance; correct the problem(s); implement appropriate Best Management Practices (BMPs), and/or conduct maintenance of existing BMPs; and achieve compliance with all applicable standards and permit conditions. In addition, if the noncompliance causes a threat to human health or the environment, the Permittee shall comply with the Noncompliance Notification requirements in Special Condition S51 of the permit. n 38 Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan Site Inspection Form General Information Project Name: Inspector Name: Title: CESCL # Date: Time: Inspection Type: ❑ After a rain event ❑ Weekly ❑ Turbidity/transparency benchmark exceedance ❑ Other Weather Precipitation Since last inspection In last 24 hours Description of General Site Conditions: Inspection of BDTPs Element]: Mark Clearing Limits � BMP:. �.i..-+_�r.i _ `-'*4_ - _. _s-£ Location Inspected Functioning Y N FTY7N NIP f—] I: '. Inspected Functioning Location Y N Y N NIP Element 2: Establish Construction Access BMP: Location Location Inspected Y N Inspected Y N Functioning Y N NIP Functioning Y N NIP Problem/Corrective Action Problem/Corrective Action Problem/Corrective Action Problem/Corrective Action 39 Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan Element 3: Control Flow Rates BMP: Inspected Functioning Location Y N Y N NIP BMP: Inspected Functioning Location Y N Y N NIP Element 4: Install Sediment Controls BMP: Location Inspected Functioning Y N Y N I NIP BMP: Location Inspected Functioning Y N Y N NIP BMP: Location BMP: Location BMP: Location Inspected Y N Inspected Y N Inspected Y N Functioning Y 7N NIP Functioning Y N NIP Functioning [—Y—N-] NIP Problem/Corrective Action Problem/Corrective Action Problem/Corrective Action Problem/Con-ective Action Problem/Corrective Action Problem/Corrective Action Problem/Corrective Action 40 Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan Element S: Stabilize Soils BMP: Location Inspected Y N BMP: Location Inspected Y N BMP: Inspected Location I, N BMP: Location Inspected Y N Element 6: Protect Slopes BMP: Location Inspected Y N BMP: Location BMP: Location Inspected Y N Inspected Y N Functioning Y N NIP Functioning Y N NIP Functioning Y N NIP Functioning Y N NIP Functioning Y N NIP Functioning Y N NIP E F:�] Functioning Y N NIP Problem/Corrective Action Problem/Corrective Action Problem/Corrective Action Problem/Corrective Action Problem/Corrective Action Problem/Corrective Action Problem/Corrective Action 41 Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan Element 7: Protect Drain Inlets BMP: Inspected Functioning Location y N Y N NIP BMP: Location Inspected Functioning Y N FY 7N NIP BMP: Inspected Functioning Location y N Y N NIP Element 8: Stabilize Channels and Outlets BMP: Inspected Functioning Location y N FTY N NIP BMP: Problem/Corrective Action Problem/Corrective Action' Problem/Corrective Action Problem/Corrective Action Location Inspected Functioning problem/Corrective Action Y N Y N NIP BMP: Inspected Functioning; Location y N Y N NIP Problem/Corrective Action BMP: Inspected Functioning Location y N Y N NIP Problem/Corrective Action F 42 Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan Element 9: Control Pollutants BMP: Inspected Location I, N BMP: Location Inspected Y N Element 10: Control Dewatering BMP: Inspected Location Y N BMP: Location BMP: Location Inspected Y N Inspected Y N Functioning Y N NIP Functioning Y N NIP Functioning Y N NIP Functioning Y N NIP Functioning Y N NIP Problem/Corrective Action Problem/Corrective Action Problem/Corrective Action Problem/Corrective Action Problem/Corrective Action 43 Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan Location Turbidity Discoloration Sheen Location Turbidity Discoloration Sheen' Stormwater Discharges From the Site Observed? Y a Problem/Corrective Action 44 Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan Water Quality Monitoring Was any water quality monitoring conducted? ❑ Yes ❑ No If water quality monitoring was conducted, record results here: If water quality monitoring indicated turbidity 250 NTU or greater; or transparency 6 cm or less, was Ecology notified by phone within 24 hrs? ❑ Yes ❑ No If Ecology was notified, indicate the date, time, contact name and phone number below: Date: Time: Contact Name: Phone #: General Comments and Notes Include BMP repairs, maintenance, or installations made as a result of the inspection. Were Photos Taken? ❑ Yes ❑ No If photos taken, describe photos below: 45