Loading...
HomeMy WebLinkAboutORD 61791 CITY OF RENTON, WASHINGTON ORDINANCE NO. 6179 AN ORDINANCE OF THE CITY OF RENTON, WASHINGTON, AMENDING SECTIONS 4-3-050, 4-11-030, 4-11-040, AND 4-11-190 OF THE RENTON MUNICIPAL CODE; AND AMENDING THE FOLLOWING SUBSECTIONS OF SECTION 4-3-050: 4-3-050.A, 4-3-050.B.1, 4-3-050.C, 4-3-050.D.3, 4-3-050.D.5.c, 4-3-050.E.3, 4-3-050.E.5, 4-3- 050.E.6, 4-3-050.F, 4-3-050.G, 4-3-050.H.3, 4-3-050.I.1, 4-3-050.I.3, 4-3-050.J.2.a, 4-3-050.J.4, 4-3-050.L.1.a, 4-3-050.L.1.b, 4-3-050.L.1.g, 4-11-190.B; AMENDING CRITICAL AREAS REGULATIONS INCLUDING ADDING STANDARDS FOR CONSISTENCY WITH BEST AVAILABLE SCIENCE AND NEW DEFINITION IN SECTION 4-11-030; AUTHORIZING CORRECTIONS, PROVIDING FOR SEVERABILITY, AND ESTABLISHING AN EFFECTIVE DATE. WHEREAS, the Revised Code of Washington (RCW) 36.70A.060 and RCW 36.70A.170 require counties and cities to designate critical areas and adopt regulations to protect them; and WHEREAS, RCW 36.70A.130(1)(a) requires counties and cities to periodically review, and if necessary, revise development regulations regarding critical areas according to deadlines set forth in RCW 36.70A.130(4) and (5); and WHEREAS, the RCW 36.70A.172 requires counties and cities to include the best available science in developing policies and development regulations to protect the functions and values of critical areas to give special consideration to conservation or protection measures to preserve or enhance anadromous fisheries; and WHEREAS, in accordance with the requirement for the inclusion of best available science and the requirement in RCW 36.70A.130 to periodically review development regulations, the City has conducted a review of its existing critical area regulations together with a review of best available science; and WHEREAS, this matter was duly referred to the Planning Commission for investigation and study, and the matter was considered by the Planning Commission; and ORDINANCE NO. 6179 2 WHEREAS, the Planning Commission held a public hearing on September 17, 2025, considered all relevant matters, and heard all parties in support or opposition, and subsequently forwarded a recommendation to the City Council; and WHEREAS, pursuant to RCW 36.70A.106, on September 25, 2025, the City notified the State of Washington of its intent to adopt amendments to its development regulations; NOW, THEREFORE, THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF RENTON, WASHINGTON, DO ORDAIN AS FOLLOWS: SECTION I. All portions of the Renton Municipal Code (RMC) in this ordinance that are not shown in strikethrough and underline edits or are not explicitly repealed herein remain in effect and unchanged. SECTION II. Section 4-3-050.A of the RMC is amended as follows: The purposes of this Section are to: 1. Manage development activities to protect environmental quality, and promote diversity of species, and habitat within the City by regulating critical areas, including wetlands, critical aquifer recharge areas, fish and wildlife habitat conservation areas, frequently flooded areas, and geologically hazardous areas as defined by the Growth Management Act and chapter 4-11 RMC; 2. Ensure that activities in or affecting critical areas do not threaten public safety, cause nuisances, or destroy or degrade critical area functions and values; 3. Prevent the loss of critical area acreage and functions and strive for a net gain over present conditions through restoration where feasible; ORDINANCE NO. 6179 3 4. Assist or further the implementation of the policies of the Growth Management Act, the State Environmental Policy Act, and the City of Renton Comprehensive Plan; 5. Provide City officials with information to evaluate, approve, condition, or deny public or private development proposals with regard to critical area impacts; 6. Protect the public life, health, safety, welfare, and property by minimizing and managing the adverse environmental impacts of development within and abutting critical areas; 7. Protect the public from: a. Avoidable monetary losses due to maintenance and replacement of public facilities and utilities, property damage, public mitigation of avoidable impacts, and public emergency rescue and relief operations; and b. Potential litigation on improper construction practices occurring in critical areas; 8. Reduce the potential for damage to life and property from abandoned coal mines, and return the land to productive uses; 9. Maintain, to the extent practicable, a stable tax base by providing for the sound use and development of areas of flood hazard areas so as to minimize future flood blight areas; and 10. Protect riparian habitat and ecological processes in order to provide for bank and channel stability, sustained water supply, flood storage, recruitment of woody debris, leaf litter, nutrients, sediment and pollutant filtering, shade, shelter, and other functions that are important to both fish and wildlife. ORDINANCE NO. 6179 4 SECTION III. Section 4-3-050.B.1 of the RMC is amended as follows: 1. Lands to Which These Regulations Apply and Non-regulated Lands: The following critical areas are regulated by this Section. Multiple development standards may apply to a site feature based upon overlapping critical area(s) and/or critical area classifications: a. Flood hazard areas. Includes floodways and channel migration zones. b. Geologic Hazards Geologically Hazardous Areas. Steep slopes (must have a minimum vertical rise of fifteen feet (15')), landslide hazards, erosion hazards, seismic hazards, and/or coal mine hazards or on sites within fifty feet (50') of steep slopes, landslide hazards, erosion hazards, seismic hazards, and/or coal mine hazards classified under RMC 4-3-050.G.5 which are located on abutting or adjacent sites. c. Fish and Wildlife Habitat Conservation Areas. d. Streams and Lakes. All applicable requirements of this Section apply to Class F, Np, and Ns water bodies, as defined in subsection G7 of this Section RMC 4-3-050.G.2 or on sites within one hundred feet (100') of Class F, Np, and Ns water bodies, except Type S water bodies, inventoried as “Shorelines of the State,” are not subject to this Section, and are regulated in RMC 4-3-090, Shoreline Master Program Regulations, and RMC 4-9-190, Shoreline Permits. e. Wellhead Protection Critical Aquifer Recharge Areas. f. Wetlands, Categories I, II, III, and IV or on sites within two hundred feet (200') the buffers of Category I, II, III, and IV wetlands. Wetlands created or restored as a part of a mitigation project are regulated wetlands. Regulated wetlands do not include those artificial wetlands intentionally created from ORDINANCE NO. 6179 5 non-wetland sites, including, but not limited to, irrigation and drainage ditches, grass- lined swales, canals, detention facilities, wastewater treatment facilities, farm ponds, and landscape amenities, or those wetlands created after July 1, 1990, that were unintentionally created as a result of the construction of a road, street, or highway. g. Sites Separated from Critical Areas, Nonregulated: As determined by the Administrator, these regulations may not apply to development proposed on sites that are separated from critical areas by pre-existing, intervening, and lawfully created structures, roads, or other substantial existing improvements. For the purposes of this Section, the intervening lots/parcels, roads, or other substantial improvements shall be found to: i. Separate the subject upland property from the critical area due to their height or width; and ii. Substantially pPrevent or impair delivery of most functions from the subject upland property to the critical area. Such determination and evidence shall be included in the application file. Public notification shall be given as follows: (a) For applications that are not subject to notices of application pursuant to Chapter 4-8 RMC, notice of the buffer determination shall be given by posting the site and notifying parties of record, if any, in accordance with Chapter 4-8 RMC. (b) For applications that are subject to notices of application, the buffer determination or request for determination shall be included with notice of ORDINANCE NO. 6179 6 application. Upon determination, notification of parties of record, if any, shall be made. SECTION IV. Section 4-3-050.C of the RMC is amended as follows: 1. Permit Required: a. Development or Alteration: Prior to any development or alteration of a property containing a critical area as defined in subsection B of this Section, entitled Applicability, the owner or designee must obtain a development permit, critical area permit, and/or letter of exemption. No separate critical area permit is required for a development proposal which requires development permits or which has received a letter of exemption. A separate critical area permit is not required for development proposals that already require other development permits and/or have received a letter of exemption. b. Operating and Closure Permits – Wellhead Protection Areas: Wellhead Protection Areas operating permit and closure permit requirements are contained in RMC 4-9-015, Aquifer Protection Areas Permits. 2. Letter of Exemption: a. Flood Hazard Areas, Geologically Hazardous Areas, Fish and Wildlife Habitat Conservation Areas, Streams and Lakes, Wellhead Protection Areas, Wetlands: Except in the case of public emergencies, all other exemptions in this subsection C may require that a letter of exemption be obtained from the Administrator prior to construction or initiation of activities. ORDINANCE NO. 6179 7 b. Applicability of Requirements to Exempt Activities: Exempt activities provided with a letter of exemption may intrude into the critical area or required buffer subject to any listed conditions or requirements. Exempt activities do not need to comply with mitigation ratios of subsection J of this Section RMC 4-3-050.J unless required in exemption criteria. c. Reports and Mitigation Plans Required: A critical area report, and/or enhancement or mitigation plan shall be required pursuant to subsections F and L of this SectionRMC 4-3-050.F and 4-3-050.L, unless otherwise waived by the Administrator. d. Administrator Findings: In determining whether to issue a letter of exemption for activities listed in this subsection C, the Administrator shall find that: i. The activity is not prohibited by this or any other provision of the Renton Municipal Code or State or Federal law or regulation; ii. The activity will be conducted using best management practices as specified by industry standards or applicable Federal agencies or scientific principles; iii. Impacts are minimized and, where applicable, disturbed areas are immediately restored; iv. Where water body or buffer disturbance has occurred in accordance with an exemption during construction or other activities, revegetation with native vegetation shall be required; v. If a hazardous material, activity, and/or facility that is exempt pursuant to this Section has a significant or substantial potential to degrade groundwater ORDINANCE NO. 6179 8 quality, then the Administrator may require compliance with the Wellhead Protection Area requirements of this Section otherwise relevant to that hazardous material, activity, and/or facility. Such determinations will be based upon site and/or chemical-specific data. 3. Exemptions – Critical Areas and Buffers: Exempt activities are those that are not anticipated to have a significant impact on the structure or function of a critical area. All exempt activities must be conducted in a manner that avoids and minimizes adverse impacts to critical areas. Exempt activities are listed in the following table. If an “X” appears in a box, the listed exemption applies in the specified critical area and required buffer. If an “X” does not appear in a box, then the exemption does not apply in the particular critical area or required buffer. Where utilized in the following table the term “restoration” means returning the subject area back to its original state or better following the performance of the exempt activity, as determined by the City. Activities taking place in critical areas and their associated buffers and listed in the following table are exempt from the applicable provisions of this Section, provided a letter of exemption has been issued. Whether the exempted activities are also exempt from permits will be determined based upon application of chapters 4-8 and 4-9 RMC, or other applicable sections of the Renton Municipal Code. All activities within shoreline jurisdiction are subject to Shoreline Master Program Regulations in RMC 4-3-090 and 4-10-095. All exempt activities must comply with state requirements to ensure no net loss of critical area functions and values. Table 4-3-050.C.3 Exemption Table ORDINANCE NO. 6179 9 EXEMPT ACTIVITIES – PERMITTED WITHIN CRITICAL AREAS AND ASSOCIATED BUFFERS EXEMPT ACTIVITY Flood Hazard Areas Geologically Hazardous Areas Fish and Wildlife Habitat Conservation Areas Streams and Lakes: Type F, Np, & Ns Wellhead Protection Areas Wetlands a. Conservation, Enhancement, Education and Related Activities: i. Natural Resource/Habitat Conservation or Preservation2 X X X X X1 X ii. Enhancement activities as defined in chapter 4-11 RMC X X X X X iii. Approved Restoration/Mitigation3 X X X X X1 X b. Research and Site Investigation: i. Nondestructive Education and Research X X X X X1 X ii. Site Investigative Work4 X X X X X1 X c. Agricultural, Harvesting, Vegetation Management: i. Harvesting Wild Foods5 X X X X X1 X ii. Existing/Ongoing Agricultural Activities6 X X X X X iii. Dangerous High- RiskTrees7 X X X X8 X1 X8 d. Surface Water: i. New Surface Water Discharges9 X X X ii. Modification of existing Regional Stormwater Facilities10 X ORDINANCE NO. 6179 10 EXEMPT ACTIVITIES – PERMITTED WITHIN CRITICAL AREAS AND ASSOCIATED BUFFERS EXEMPT ACTIVITY Flood Hazard Areas Geologically Hazardous Areas Fish and Wildlife Habitat Conservation Areas Streams and Lakes: Type F, Np, & Ns Wellhead Protection Areas Wetlands iii. Flood Hazard Areas Reduction11 X X iv. Storm Drainage Piping12 X e. Public and Private Roads, Parks, Public and Private Utilities18: i. Relocation of Existing Utilities out of Critical Area and Buffer13 X X X X X1 X ii. Maintenance, Operation, and Repair of existing Parks, Trails, Roads, Facilities, and Utilities, and the Construction of New Trails14 X X X X X X iii. Utilities, Traffic Control, Walkways, Bikeways Within Existing, Improved Right-of-Way or Easements15 X X X X iv. Modification of Existing Utilities and Streets by Ten Percent (10%) or Less16 X X17 X17 v. Construction and Maintenance of Pedestrian Skybridge Structures twenty feet (20’) and higher from the surface X X X X X X f. Temporary Wetland Impacts: ORDINANCE NO. 6179 11 EXEMPT ACTIVITIES – PERMITTED WITHIN CRITICAL AREAS AND ASSOCIATED BUFFERS EXEMPT ACTIVITY Flood Hazard Areas Geologically Hazardous Areas Fish and Wildlife Habitat Conservation Areas Streams and Lakes: Type F, Np, & Ns Wellhead Protection Areas Wetlands i. Temporary Wetland Impacts19 X X g. Maintenance and Construction – Existing Uses and Facilities: i. Remodeling, Replacing, Removing Existing Structures, Facilities, and Improvements20 X X X X ii. Maintenance and Repair – Any Existing Public or Private Use21 X X X X iii. Modification of an Existing Residential Structure Single Family22 X X X X X iv. Existing Activities23 X X X X X h. Emergency Activities: i. Emergency Activities24, 25, 26, 27 X X X X X1 X i. Hazardous Materials: i. Federal or State Preemption28 X1 ii. Use of Materials with No Risk29 X1 Footnotes: 1. If a hazardous material, activity, and/or facility that is exempt pursuant to this Section has a significant or substantial potential to degrade groundwater quality, then the Administrator ORDINANCE NO. 6179 12 may require compliance with the Wellhead Protection Area requirements of this Section otherwise relevant to that hazardous material activity and/or facility. 2. Conservation or preservation of soil, water, vegetation, fish and other wildlife. Within shoreline jurisdiction this includes watershed restoration projects as defined in WAC 173-27-040(2)(o) or projects to improve fish or wildlife habitat or fish passage approved by the Washington State Department of Fish and Wildlife as described in WAC 173-27-040(2)(p). 3. Any critical area and/or buffer restoration or other mitigation activities which have been approved by the City. Within shoreline jurisdiction this includes watershed restoration projects as defined in WAC 173-27-040(2)(o) or projects to improve fish or wildlife habitat or fish passage approved by the Washington State Department of Fish and Wildlife as described in WAC 173-27-040(2)(p). 4. Site investigative work necessary for land use application submittals such as surveys, soil logs, percolation tests, and other related activities. Investigative work shall not disturb any more than five percent (5%) of the critical area and required buffer. In every case, impacts shall be minimized and disturbed areas shall be immediately restored at a one-to-one (1:1) ratio. Within shoreline jurisdiction, this includes the marking of property lines or corners on state- owned lands, when such marking does not significantly interfere with the normal public use of the surface water. Limitations on site exploration and investigative activities are defined in WAC 173-27-040(2)(m) for properties within shoreline jurisdiction. 5. The harvesting of wild foods in a manner that is not injurious to natural reproduction of such foods and provided the harvesting does not require tilling of soil, planting of crops, or alteration of the critical area. ORDINANCE NO. 6179 13 6. Existing and ongoing agricultural activities including farming, horticulture, aquaculture and/or maintenance of existing irrigation systems. Activities on areas lying fallow as part of a conventional rotational cycle are part of an ongoing operation; provided, that the agricultural activity must have been conducted within the last five (5) years. Activities that bring a critical area into agricultural use are not part of an ongoing operation. Maintenance of existing legally installed irrigation, ditch, and pipe systems is allowed; new or expanded irrigation, ditch, outfall, or other systems are not exempt. If it is necessary to reduce the impacts of agricultural practices to critical areas, a farm management plan may be required based on the King County Conservation District’s Farm Conservation and Practice Standards, or other best management practices. Within shoreline jurisdiction practices normal or necessary for farming are defined in WAC 173-27-040(2)(e). 7. Removal of non-native invasive ground cover or weeds listed by King County Noxious Weed Board or other government agency or dangerous high-risk trees, as defined in chapter 4- 11 RMC, which have been approved by the City and certified dangerous by a licensed landscape architect, or certified arborist, selection of whom to be approved by the City based on the type of information required. 8. Limited to cutting of dangerous high-risk trees; such hazardous trees shall be retained as large woody debris in critical areas and/or associated buffers, where feasible. 9. New surface water discharges in the form of dispersion trenches, outfalls and bioswales are allowed within the outer twenty five percent (25%) of the buffer of a Category III or IV wetland only provided that: the discharge meets the requirements of the Drainage and Water Quality (Surface Water) Standards (RMC 4-6-030); no other location is feasible; and will ORDINANCE NO. 6179 14 not degrade the functions or values of the wetland or stream. Where differences exist between these regulations and RMC 4-6-030, these regulations will take precedence. 10. Modifications to existing regional stormwater management facilities operated and maintained under the direction of the City Surface Water Utility that are designed consistent with the current version of the Washington State Department of Ecology Stormwater Management Manual or meeting equivalent objectives. 11. Implementation of public flood hazard areas reduction and public surface water projects, where habitat enhancement and restoration at a one-to-one (1:1) ratio are provided, and appropriate Federal and/or State authorization has been received. 12. Installation of new storm drainage lines in any geologic hazard area when a geotechnical report clearly demonstrates that the installation would comply with the criteria listed in RMC 4-3-050.J.1 and that the installation would be consistent with each of the purposes of the critical area regulations listed in RMC 4-3-050.A. Also, to qualify for the exemption, the report must propose appropriate mitigation for any potential impacts identified in the report. 13. Relocation out of critical areas and required buffers of natural gas, cable, communication, telephone and electric facilities, lines, pipes, mains, equipment and appurtenances (not including substations), with an associated voltage of fifty five thousand (55,000) volts or less, only when required by a local governmental agency, and with the approval of the City. Disturbed areas shall be restored. 14. Normal and routine maintenance, operation and repair of existing parks, trails, streets, roads, rights-of-way and associated appurtenances, facilities and utilities where no alteration or additional fill materials will be placed other than the minimum alteration and/or fill ORDINANCE NO. 6179 15 needed to restore those facilities or to construct new trails to meet established safety standards. The use of heavy construction equipment shall be limited to utilities and public agencies that require this type of equipment for normal and routine maintenance and repair of existing utility structures and rights-of-way. In every case, critical area and required buffer impacts shall be minimized and disturbed areas shall be restored during and immediately after the use of construction equipment. 15. Within existing and improved public road rights-of-way or easements, installation, construction, replacement, operation, overbuilding or alteration of all- natural gas, cable, communication, telephone and electric facilities, lines, pipes, mains, equipment or appurtenances, traffic control devices, illumination, walkways and bikeways. If activities exceed the existing improved area or the public right-of-way, this exemption does not apply. Where applicable, restoration of disturbed areas shall be completed. Within shoreline jurisdiction the exemption also applies to any project with a certification from the Governor pursuant to chapterRCW 80.50 RCW. 16. Overbuilding (enlargement beyond existing project needs) or replacement of existing utility systems and replacement and/or rehabilitation of existing streets, provided: a. The work does not increase the footprint of the structure, line, or street by more than ten percent (10%) within the critical area and/or buffer areas, and occurs in the existing right-of-way boundary or easement boundary. b. Restoration shall be conducted where feasible. Compensation for impacts to buffers shall include enhancement of the remaining buffer area along the impacted area where there is enhancement opportunity. Restoration and enhancement of wetlands ORDINANCE NO. 6179 16 shall consider Wetland Mitigation in Washington State, Part 1: Agency Policies and Guidance, Version 2 (Ecology Publication No. 21-06-003, April 2021) or as amended hereafter. c. The Administrator determines that, based on best judgment, a person would not: (i) be able to meaningfully measure, detect, or evaluate insignificant effects; or (ii) expect discountable effects to occur. d. This exemption allows for ten percent (10%) maximum expansion total, life of the project. After the ten percent (10%) expansion cap is reached, future improvements are subject to all applicable provisions of this Section. 17. Exemption is not allowed in Category I wetlands. 18. Maintenance activities, including routine vegetation management and essential tree removal, and removal of non-native invasive vegetation or weeds listed by the King County Noxious Weed Board or other government agency, for public and private utilities, road rights-of- way and easements, and parks. 19. Temporary disturbances of a wetland due to construction activities that do not include permanent filling may be permitted; provided, that there are no permanent adverse impacts to the critical area or required buffer, and areas temporarily disturbed are restored at a one-to-one (1:1) ratio. Category I wetlands and Category II forested wetlands shall be enhanced at a two-to-one (2:1) ratio in addition to being restored consistent with Wetland Mitigation in Washington State, Part 1: Agency Policies and Guidance, Version 2 (Ecology Publication No. 21- 06-003, April 2021) or as amended hereafter. For Fish and Wildlife Habitat Conservation Areas, this exemption applies only to Category I wetlands. ORDINANCE NO. 6179 17 20. Remodeling, restoring, replacing or removing structures, facilities and other improvements in existence or vested on the date this Section becomes effective and that do not meet the setback or buffer requirements of this Section provided the work complies with the criteria in RMC 4-10-090. 21. Normal and routine maintenance and repair of any existing public or private uses and facilities where no alteration of the critical area and required buffer or additional fill materials will be placed. The use of heavy construction equipment shall be limited to utilities and public agencies that require this type of equipment for normal and routine maintenance and repair of existing utility or public structures and rights-of-way. In every case, critical area and required buffer impacts shall be minimized and disturbed areas shall be restored during and immediately after the use of construction equipment. Normal maintenance and repair for structures within shoreline jurisdiction is defined by WAC 173-27-040(2)(b). 22. Additions and alterations of an existing single family residence residential structure and/or garage (attached or detached); provided, that the addition/alteration does not increase the footprint of the structure lying within the critical area or buffer; and provided, that no portion of the addition/alteration occurs closer to the critical area or required buffers than the existing structure unless the structure or addition can meet required buffers. Existing or rebuilt accessory structures associated with single family dwelling a residential structure and rebuilt with the same footprint such as fences, gazebos, storage sheds, and play housesplayhouses are exempt from this Section. New accessory structures may be allowed when associated with single-family dwellings a residential structure such as fences, gazebos, storage sheds, play housesplayhouses, and when built on and located in a previously legally altered area. ORDINANCE NO. 6179 18 23. Existing activities which have not been changed, expanded or altered, provided they comply with the applicable requirements of chapter 4-10 RMC. 24. Emergency activities are those which are undertaken to correct emergencies that threaten the public health, safety and welfare. An emergency means that an action must be undertaken immediately or within a time frame too short to allow full compliance with this Section, to avoid an immediate threat to public health or safety, to prevent an imminent danger to public or private property, or to prevent an imminent threat of serious environmental degradation. Within shoreline jurisdiction, emergency activities are defined by WAC 173-27-040(2)(d). 25. Emergency tree and/or ground cover removal by any City department or agency and/or public or private utility involving immediate danger to life or property, substantial fire hazards, or interruption of services provided by a utility. 26. Emergency activities in Wellhead Protection Areas: Public interest emergency use, storage, and handling of hazardous materials by governmental organizations. 27. Temporary emergency exemptions shall be used only in extreme cases and not to justify poor planning by an agency or applicant. Issuance of an emergency permit by the City does not preclude the necessity to obtain necessary approvals from appropriate Federal and State authorities. Notwithstanding the provisions of this Section or any other City laws to the contrary, the Administrator may issue a temporary emergency exemption letter if the action meets the requirements: a. An unacceptable threat to life or severe loss of property will occur if an emergency permit is not granted; ORDINANCE NO. 6179 19 b. The anticipated threat or loss may occur before a permit can be issued or modified under the procedures otherwise required by this Section and other applicable laws; c. Any emergency exemption letter granted shall incorporate, to the greatest extent practicable and feasible but not inconsistent with the emergency situation, the standards and criteria required for nonemergency activities under this Section. d. The emergency exemption shall be consistent with the following procedural and time requirements: i. The emergency shall be limited in duration to the time required to complete the authorized emergency activity; provided, that no emergency permit be granted for a period exceeding ninety (90) days except as specified in RMC 4-3-050.C. ii. Any critical area altered as a result of the emergency activity must be restored within the ninety (90) day period, except that if more than ninety (90) days from the issuance of the emergency permit is required to complete restoration, the emergency permit may be extended to complete this restoration. For the purposes of this subsection, “restoration” means returning the affected area to its state prior to the performance of the emergency activity. iii. Notice of the issuance of the emergency permit and request for public comments shall be posted at the affected site(s) and City Hall no later than ten (10) days after the issuance of the emergency permit. If significant comments are received, the City may reconsider the permit. iv. Expiration of Exemption Authorization: The emergency exemption authorization may be terminated at any time without process upon a determination ORDINANCE NO. 6179 20 by the Administrator that the action was not or is no longer necessary to protect human health or the environment. 28. Cleanups, monitoring, and/or studies undertaken under supervision of the Washington Department of Ecology or the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 29. Use, storage, and handling of specific hazardous materials that do not present a risk to the aquifer as determined and listed by the Department. 4. Exemptions – In Buffers Only: The activities listed in the following table are allowed within critical area buffers, and are exempt from the applicable provisions of this Section, provided a letter of exemption has been issued pursuant to this subsection C. If an “X” appears in a box, the listed exemption applies in the specified buffer. If an “X” does not appear in a box, then the exemption does not apply in the required buffer. Whether the exempted activities are also exempt from permits will be determined based upon application of chapters 4-8 and 4-9 RMC, or other applicable sections of the Renton Municipal Code. All activities within shoreline jurisdiction are subject to Shoreline Master Program Regulations in RMC 4-3-090 and 4-10-095. Table 4-3-050.C.4 Exemption Table EXEMPTIONS WITHIN CRITICAL AREA BUFFERS EXEMPT ACTIVITY Flood Hazard Areas Geologically Hazardous Areas Fish and Wildlife Habitat Conservation Areas Streams and Lakes: Types F, Np, & Ns Wellhead Protection Areas Wetlands a. Activities in Critical Area Buffers: ORDINANCE NO. 6179 21 EXEMPTIONS WITHIN CRITICAL AREA BUFFERS EXEMPT ACTIVITY Flood Hazard Areas Geologically Hazardous Areas Fish and Wildlife Habitat Conservation Areas Streams and Lakes: Types F, Np, & Ns Wellhead Protection Areas Wetlands i. Trails and Open Space1 X X X X X X ii. Stormwater Treatment and Flow Control Facilities in Buffer2 X iii. Stormwater Conveyance in Buffer3 X X X Footnotes: 1. Walkways and trails, and associated open space in critical area buffers located on public property, or where easements or agreements have been granted for such purposes on private property. All of the following criteria shall be met: a. The trail, walkway, and associated open space shall be consistent with the Parks, Recreation, and Natural Areas Open Space Plan or Bike and Trails Master Plan. The City may allow private trails as part of the approval of a site plan, subdivision, or other land use permit approvals. ORDINANCE NO. 6179 22 b. Trails and walkways shall be located in the outer twenty five percent (25%) of the buffer, i.e., the portion of the buffer that is farther away from the critical area. Exceptions to this requirement may be made for: i. Trail segments connecting to existing trails where an alternate alignment is not practical. ii. Public access points to water bodies spaced periodically along the trail. c. Enhancement of the buffer area is required where trails are located in the buffer. Where enhancement of the buffer area abutting a trail is not feasible due to existing high- quality vegetation, additional buffer area or other mitigation may be required consistent with Wetland Mitigation in Washington State, Part 1: Agency Policies and Guidance, Version 2 (Ecology Publication No. 21-06-003, April 2021), or as amended hereafter. d. Trail widths shall be a maximum width of twelve feet (12') five feet (5'). Trails shall be constructed of permeable materials which that protect water quality, allow adequate surface water and ground water movements, do not contribute to erosion, are located where they do not disturb nesting, breeding, and rearing areas, and are designed to avoid or reduce the removal of trees. Impervious materials may be allowed if pavement is required for handicappedADA or emergency access, or for safety, or if the trail is a designated nonmotorized transportation route or makes a connection to an already dedicated trail, or the materials reduces the potential for other environmental impacts. e. Any crossing over a stream or wetland shall be generally perpendicular to the critical area and shall be accomplished by bridging or other technique designed to ORDINANCE NO. 6179 23 minimize critical area disturbance. It shall also be the minimum width necessary to accommodate the intended function or objective. 2. Stormwater management facilities shall not be built within a critical area buffer except as allowed in Reference 5, Wetlands Protection Guidelines of the City’s Surface Water Design Manual. and shall require buffer enhancement or buffer averaging when they are sited in areas of forest vegetation, provided the standard buffer zone area associated with the critical area classification is retained pursuant to RMC 4-3-050G2, and is sited to reduce impacts between the critical area and surrounding activities. 3. Necessary conveyance systems including stormwater dispersion outfall systems designed to minimize impacts to the buffer and critical area, where the site topography requires their location within the buffer to allow hydraulic function, provided the standard buffer zone area associated with the critical area classification is retained pursuant to RMC 4-3-050.G.2, and is sited to reduce impacts between the critical area and surrounding activities. 4. WAC 173-27-040(2)(g) defines and identifies the limitations on the construction of a single family home and appurtenances. Single family residences and appurtenances must be located landward of the ordinary high-water mark and the perimeter of a wetland. Based on the results of a critical area report, and/or enhancement or mitigation plan, the City shall condition development to require buffer enhancement or buffer averaging, site design that reduces impacts between the critical area and surrounding activities, and a building setback. SECTION V. Section 4-3-050.D.3 of the RMC is amended as follows: 3. Flood Hazard Areas: ORDINANCE NO. 6179 24 a. DesignaƟon of the Floodplain Administrator: The Administrator is hereby appointed to administer, implement, and enforce the provisions of this Sec Ɵon by granƟng or denying development permits in accordance with its provisions. The Floodplain Administrator may delegate authority to implement these provisions. b. Enforcement: All development within special flood hazard areas and channel migraƟon zones is subject to the terms of this SecƟon and other applicable regulaƟons. The standards of this SecƟon are not intended to repeal, abrogate, or impair any exisƟng easements, covenants, or deed restricƟons. However, where the standards of this SecƟon and any other applicable regulaƟon, easement, covenant, or deed restricƟon conflict or overlap, whichever imposes the more stringent restricƟons shall prevail. These regulaƟons, and the various parts thereof, are hereby declared to be severable. Should any standard of this SecƟon be declared by the courts to be unconsƟtuƟonal or invalid, such decision shall not affect the validity of this SecƟon as a whole, or any porƟon thereof, other than the secƟon so declared to be unconsƟtuƟonal or invalid. c. Basis for Establishing the Areas of Special Flood Hazard: The special flood hazard areas idenƟfied by the Federal Insurance Administrator in a scien Ɵfic and engineering report enƟtled “The Flood Insurance Study (FIS) for King County, Washington and Incorporated Areas” dated August 19, 2020, and any revisions thereto, with accompanying Flood Insurance Rate Maps (FIRMs), and any revisions thereto, are hereby adopted by reference and declared to be a part of this Sec Ɵon. The FIS and the FIRM are on file at City of Renton, 1055 South Grady Way, Renton, ORDINANCE NO. 6179 25 WA 98057. The best available informaƟon for flood hazard area idenƟficaƟon as outlined in subsecƟon D3f of this SecƟonRMC 4-3-050.D.3.f shall be the basis for regulaƟon unƟl a new FIRM is issued that incorporates data uƟlized under subsecƟon D3f of this SecƟonRMC 4-3-050.D.3.f. d. InformaƟon to be Provided by Applicant: The applicant shall provide the Administrator the following informaƟon: i. The actual elevaƟon, in relaƟon to mean sea level, the North American VerƟcal Datum of 1988 (NAVD 88), of the lowest floor (including basement) of all new or substanƟally improved structures, and whether or not the structure contains a basement where base flood elevaƟon data is provided through the flood insurance study or required. ii. For all new or substanƟally improved flood proofed structures: (a) The applicant shall verify and have recorded the actual elevaƟon in relaƟon to mean sea level, the North American VerƟcal Datum of 1988 (NAVD 88); and (b) Flood elevaƟon cerƟficates shall be submiƩed by an applicant to the Development Services Division prior to the building’s finished floor construcƟon. Finished floor elevaƟon should be verified by a preconstrucƟon elevaƟon cerƟficate at the Ɵme of construcƟon of a substanƟal structural element of the finished floor (i.e., foundaƟon form for the concrete floor). An as-built elevaƟon cerƟficate will be provided prior to issuance of final occupancy. ORDINANCE NO. 6179 26 iii. Where a structure is to be flood proofed, cer ƟficaƟon by a registered professional engineer or architect that the flood proofing methods for any nonresidenƟal structure meet flood proofing criteria in subsecƟon G4diii(b) of this SecƟonRMC 4-3-050.G.d.iii.b; iv. DescripƟon of the extent to which a watercourse will be altered or relocated as a result of proposed development; v. Where a structure is proposed in a V, V1-30, or VE zone, a V-zone design cerƟficate; vi. Where development is proposed in a floodway, an engineering analysis indicaƟng no rise of the Base Flood ElevaƟon; and vii. Any other such informaƟon that may be reasonably required by the Floodplain Administrator in order to review the applicaƟon. e. InformaƟon to be Obtained and Maintained: i. Where base flood elevaƟon data is provided through the FIS, FIRM, or required as in subsecƟon D3f of this SecƟonRMC 4-3-050.D.3.f, obtain and maintain a record of the actual (as-built) elevaƟon (in relaƟon to mean sea level) of the lowest floor (including basement) of all new or substanƟally improved structures, and whether or not the structure contains a basement. ii. For all new or substanƟally improved flood proofed nonresidenƟal structures where base flood elevaƟon data is provided through the FIS, FIRM, or as required in subsecƟon D3f of this SecƟonRMC 4-3-050.D.3.f: ORDINANCE NO. 6179 27 (a) Obtain and maintain a record of the elevaƟon (in relaƟon to mean sea level) to which the structure was flood proofed. (b) Maintain the flood proofing cerƟficaƟons required in subsecƟon G4diii of this SecƟon. iii. CerƟficaƟon required by subsecƟon G4ei of this SecƟonRMC 4-3-050.G.4.e.i. iv. Records of all variance acƟons, including jusƟficaƟon for their issuance. v. Improvement and damage calculaƟons. vi. Maintain for public inspecƟon all records pertaining to the provisions of this SecƟon. f. Use of Other Base Flood Data (in A and V Zones): When base flood elevaƟon data has not been provided (in A or V zones) in accordance with subsecƟon D3c of this SecƟonRMC 4-3-050.D.3.c, Basis for Establishing the Areas of Special Flood Hazard, the Floodplain Administrator shall obtain, review, and reasonably uƟlize any base flood elevaƟon and floodway data available from a federal, state, or other source, in order to administer subsecƟon G4d of this SecƟonRMC 4-3-050.G.4.d, Specific Standards, and subsecƟon G4e of this SecƟonRMC 4-3-050.G.4.e, AddiƟonal RestricƟons within Floodways. g. Basis for Establishing the Channel MigraƟon Zone: A channel migraƟon zone for the Cedar River has been idenƟfied and mapped by King County in a report Ɵtled Cedar River Channel MigraƟon Study, dated April 2015. The study shall be the basis for regulaƟon unƟl the study or porƟons thereof are updated and accepted by the City, ORDINANCE NO. 6179 28 or unless the City approves a mapping change pursuant to RMC 4-3-050.E.3.c, Channel MigraƟon Zone DeterminaƟon. i. At the request of a property owner or on its own iniƟaƟve, the department may reassess and adjust the boundary of a completed CMZ map within a smaller porƟon of the full CMZ study length as follows: (a) A property owner may submit a criƟcal area study to the department supporƟng the property owner’s request for a site-specific reassessment of the CMZ boundary. The criƟcal area study shall be conducted using channel migraƟon mapping methods and criteria specified in King County’s DesignaƟon, ClassificaƟon and Mapping of Channel MigraƟon Zones Appendix A: PreparaƟon of Channel MigraƟon Zone (CMZ) Study and Map. (b) The department may reassess and adjust the boundary of CMZ or its component hazard areas if it determines that the condiƟons within a specific porƟon of an overall CMZ study area have changed to the extent that the exisƟng mapped CMZ boundary is no longer accurate. The reassessment and adjustment shall be made using mapping methods and criteria specified in King County’s DesignaƟon, ClassificaƟon and Mapping of Channel MigraƟon Zones Appendix A: PreparaƟon of Channel MigraƟon Zone (CMZ) Study and Map. (c) If the department approves an adjustment to an exisƟng CMZ map under RMC 4-3-050.D.3.g.i.a or b, the adjustment will be documented by City of Renton staff in a leƩer and annotated porƟon of the adjusted CMZ map. SECTION VI. Section 4-3-050.D.5.c of the RMC is amended as follows: ORDINANCE NO. 6179 29 c. Geologically Hazardous Areas, Fish and Wildlife Habitat Conservation Areas, Streams and Lakes, and Wetlands: The Administrator is authorized, pursuant to subsection H of this Section, entitled Alterations To Critical Areas And/Or Buffers – General Requirements, to make the following administrative allowances and determinations: i. Geologically Hazardous Areas: (a) Waive independent review of geotechnical reports. (b) Increase or decrease required buffer for very high landslide hazard areas. (c) Grant a modification for created slopes. ii. Streams and Lakes: (a) Approve proposals for buffer width reductions. (b) Approve proposals for buffer width averaging. iii. Wellhead Protection Areas: (a) Issue operating and closure permits. (b) Determine pipeline requirements. (c) Determine if Zone 1 requirements should apply in Zone 2 of a Wellhead Protection Area. iv. Wetlands: (a) Determine whether wetlands are unregulated. (b) Extend the valid period of a wetland delineation. ORDINANCE NO. 6179 30 (c) Approve proposals for buffer width reductions of up to twenty five percent (25%). (d) Approve proposals for buffer width averaging. (e) Authorize other category level for created or restored wetlands. (f) Waive requirements of this Section upon determination that all impacts on wetlands would be mitigated as part of an approved area-wide wetlands plan that, when taken as a whole over an approved schedule or staging of plan implementation, will meet or exceed the requirements of this Section. SECTION VII. Section 4-3-050.E.3 of the RMC is amended as follows: 3. Flood Hazard Areas: a. Basic Map and Documentation Identifying Hazards: Flood hazard areas are identified by the Federal Insurance Administration in a scientific and engineering report entitled the Flood Insurance Study for the City of Renton, dated September 29, 1989, and any subsequent revision, with accompanying flood insurance maps which are hereby adopted by reference and declared to be a part of this Section. The flood insurance study is on file at the Public Works Department pursuant to RMC 4-3- 050.D.3.c, Basis for Establishing the Areas of Special Flood Hazard. b. When Federal Insurance Study is Not Available: The Applicant shall obtain, for City review, and reasonably utilization any base flood elevation and floodway data available from a Federal, State or other source, in the following instances: i. To administer subsection G of this SectionRMC 4-3-050.G when base flood elevation data has not been provided in accordance with this subsection E. ORDINANCE NO. 6179 31 ii. To identify flood hazard areas that will be regulated; until a new Flood Insurance Rate Map is issued which incorporates the data utilized under subsection D of this SectionRMC 4-3-050.D. SECTION VIII. Section 4-3-050.E.5 of the RMC is amended as follows: 5. Streams and Lakes: Water class shall be determined in accordance with subsection G7a of this SectionRMC 4-3-050.G.2.a. a. Reclassification: The reclassification of a water body to a lower class (i.e., F to Np, or Np to Ns, etc.) requires Administrator acceptance of a stream or lake study, followed by an legislativeadministrative amendment to the map in this subsection E prior to its effect. The reclassification of a water body to a higher class (i.e., Ns to Np, Np to F, or F to S) requires either: Administrator acceptance of a stream or lake study or consultation with the Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife, followed by an legislativeadministrative amendment to the map in this Section. b. Salmonid Migration Barriers: For the purposes of classifying or reclassifying water bodies, features determined by the Administrator to be salmonid migration barriers pursuant to the definition in RMC 4-11-190 shall be mapped. The Administrator shall prepare and update the map as appropriate. SECTION IX. Subsection 4-3-050.E.6 of the RMC is amended as follows: 6. Wetlands: Categorization of wetlands shall be determined in accordance with subsection G9 of this Section,RMC 4-3-050.G.9 and also refer to the City of Renton Wetland and Stream Corridors Critical Areas Inventory depicted on the City of Renton’s ORDINANCE NO. 6179 32 COR Maps, the City’s online interactive mapping application available through the City’s website. SECTION X. Section 4-3-050.F of the RMC is amended as follows: 1. Preapplication Consultation: Any person intending to develop properties known or suspected to have critical areas present is strongly encouraged to meet with the appropriate City department representative during the earliest possible stages of project planning before major commitments have been made to a particular land use and/or project design. Effort put into a preapplication consultation and planning will help applicants create projects which will be more quickly and easily processed due to a better understanding on the part of applicants of regulatory requirements. 2. Plans and Studies Required: When an application is submitted for any building permit or land use review and/or to obtain approval of a use, development or construction, the location of the critical areas and buffers on the site shall be indicated on the plans submitted based upon an inventory provided by a qualified specialistprofessional. a. Geologically Hazardous Areas: i. Whenever a proposed development requires a development permit and a geologic hazard is present on the site of the proposed development or on abutting or adjacent sites within fifty feet (50') of the subject site, geotechnical studies by licensed professionals, such as a geotechnical engineer and/or engineering geologist, shall be required. Specifically, geotechnical studies are required for ORDINANCE NO. 6179 33 developments proposed on sites with any of the following geologically hazardous areas: (a) Sensitive and protected slopes; (b) Medium, high, or very high landslide hazards; (c) High erosion hazards; (d) High seismic hazards; (e) Medium or high coal mine hazards. ii. The required studies shall demonstrate the following review criteria can be met: (a) The proposal will not increase the threat of the geological hazard to adjacent or abutting properties beyond pre-development conditions; and (b) The proposal will not adversely impact other critical areas; and (c) The development can be safely accommodated on the site. iii. A mitigation plan may be required consistent with subsection L of this SectionRMC 4-3-050.L. iv. Sensitive Slopes – Medium, High and Very High Landslide Hazards – High Erosion Hazards: Development applications shall submit erosion control plans consistent with chapter 4-8 RMC, Permits – General and Appeals. v. Coal Mine Hazards: (a) Medium Hazard – Report Required: Reports consistent with chapter 4- 8 RMC, Permits – General and Appeals, shall be prepared for development ORDINANCE NO. 6179 34 proposed within medium coal mine hazard areas and for development proposed within two hundred feet (200') of a medium coal mine hazard area. (b) High Hazard – Report Required: Reports consistent with chapter 4-8 RMC, Permits – General and Appeals, shall be prepared for development proposed within high coal mine hazard areas and for development proposed within five hundred feet (500') of a high coal mine hazard area. b. Fish and Wildlife Habitat Conservation Areas: Based upon subsection G6 of this SectionRMC 4-3-050.G.6, Fish and Wildlife Habitat Conservation Areas, the City shall require a habitat/wildlife assessment for activities that are located within or abutting a critical habitat, defined in RMC 4-11-030, or that are adjacent to a critical habitat, and have the potential to significantly impact a critical habitat. The assessment shall determine the extent, function and value of the critical habitat and potential for impacts and mitigation consistent with report requirements in RMC 4-8-120.D. c. Streams and Lakes: The applicant shall be required to conduct a stream or lake study pursuant to RMC 4-8-120 if a site contains a water body or buffer area and changes to buffer requirements or alterations of the water body or its associated buffer are proposed, either administratively or via a variance request. A stream or lake study is also required when the project area is within one hundred fifty feet (1050') of a water body even if the water body is not located on the subject property. d. Wellhead Protection Areas: The City may require an applicant to prepare a hydrogeologic study if the proposal has the potential to significantly impact groundwater quantity or quality, and sufficient information is not readily available. ORDINANCE NO. 6179 35 Such a report shall be prepared by a qualified professional at the applicant’s expense. Report content requirements may be specified by the City in accordance with State or Federal guidelines or tailored to the particular development application. Peer review of the applicant’s report may be required in accordance with this subsection F. e. Wetlands: i. Wetland Categorization: The applicant shall be required to conduct a study to determine the categorization of the wetland if the subject property or project area is within two hundred twenty five feet (20025') of a wetland even if the wetland is not located on the subject property, but it is determined that alterations of the subject property are likely to impact the wetland in question or its buffer. If there is a potential Category I or II wetland within three hundred feet (300') of a proposal, the City may require an applicant to conduct a study even if the wetland is not located on the subject property, but it is determined that alterations of the subject property are likely to impact the wetland in question or its buffer. ii. Wetland Delineation: A wetland delineation using the methods identified in the approved federal delineation manual and applicable regional supplement, as required by WAC 173-22-035, is required for any portion of a wetland or its buffer on the subject property that will be impacted by the permitted activities. iii. Wetland Assessment: The applicant shall prepare a wetland assessment pursuant to RMC 4-8-120.D.23a through j. ORDINANCE NO. 6179 36 f. Period of Validity: Studies submitted and reviewed are valid for five (5) years from date of study completion unless the Administrator determines that conditions have changed significantly. The Administrator may extend the period of validity, provided on-site conditions have not changed. 3. Testing Authorized: a. Pipeline Requirements – Zone 1, As Identified in Subsection G8 of This Section: If the Department has reason to believe that the operation or proposed operation of an existing non-potable water pipeline, defined in RMC 4-11-160, in Zone 1 of a Wellhead Protection Area, may degrade groundwater quality, the Department may require leakage testing of the existing pipeline in accordance with subsection G of this Section; and installation, sampling, and sample analysis of monitoring wells. Routine leakage testing of existing pipelines in Zone 1 may be required by the Department. Criteria for this determination are specified in subsection D of this SectionRMC 4-3- 050.D. Should pipeline leakage testing reveal any leakage at any level, then the Department shall require immediate repairs to the pipeline to the satisfaction of the Department such that no infiltration of water into the pipeline or exfiltration of substances conveyed in the pipeline shall occur. Any repairs which are made shall be tested for leakage pursuant to subsection G of this SectionRMC 4-3-050.G. b. Pipeline Requirements – Zone 2, As Identified in Subsection G8 of This SectionRMC 4-3-050.G.7: If the Department has reason to believe that the operation or proposed operation of an existing pipeline in Zone 2 of a Wellhead Protection Area ORDINANCE NO. 6179 37 may degrade groundwater quality, the Department may require leakage testing in accordance with subsection G of this Section; installation, sampling, and sample analysis of groundwater monitoring wells; repair of the pipeline to the satisfaction of the Department such that degradation of groundwater quality is minimized or eliminated. Criteria for this determination are specified under subsection D of this SectionRMC 4-3-050.D. 4. Submittal Requirements: In order to be accepted for review, studies shall include all information as required in chapter 4-8 RMC. 5. Fees: See the currently adopted City of Renton Fee Schedule brochure available at the City’s website or in the City Clerk’s Office. 6. Independent Secondary Review: The City may require independent review of an applicant’s report as follows: a. All Critical Areas: When appropriate due to the type of critical areas, habitat, or species present, project area conditions, project scope, or potential for negative impacts to critical areas, or lack of substantial documentation of impact avoidance in first study, the applicant may be required to prepare and/or fund analyses or activities, including, but not limited to: i. An evaluation by an independent qualified professional regarding the applicant’s analysis and the effectiveness of any proposed mitigating measures or programs, to include any recommendations as appropriate. This shall be paid at the applicant’s expense, and the Administrator shall select the third-party review professional; and/or ORDINANCE NO. 6179 38 ii. A request for consultation with the Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife, Washington State Department of Ecology, or the local Native American Tribe or other appropriate agency; and/or iii. Detailed surface and subsurface hydrologic features both on and abutting the site. b. Additional Requirements for Geologically Hazardous Areas: Independent secondary review shall be conducted in accordance with the following: i. Required – Sensitive and Protected Slopes, and Medium, High, or Very High Landslide Hazards: All geotechnical reports submitted in accordance with this subsection F, and chapter 4-8 RMC, Permits – General and Appeals, shall be independently reviewed by qualified specialists selected by the City, at the applicant’s expense. An applicant may request that independent review be waived by the Department Administrator in accordance with subsection D of this SectionRMC 4-3-050.D. ii. Required for Critical Facilities in High Erosion, High Seismic, Medium Coal Mine, or High Coal Mine Hazards: The City shall require independent review of a geotechnical report addressing a critical facility, defined in RMC 4-11-030, by qualified specialists selected by the City, at the applicant’s expense. An applicant may request that independent review be waived by the Department Administrator in accordance with subsection D of this SectionRMC 4-3-050.D. iii. At City’s Discretion – High Erosion, High Seismic, Medium Coal Mine, or High Coal Mine Hazards: For any proposal except critical facilities, the City may ORDINANCE NO. 6179 39 require independent review of an applicant’s geotechnical report by qualified specialists selected by the City, at the applicant’s expense. 7. Waiver of Submittal Requirements: An applicant may request that the Administrator waive the report requirement pursuant to subsection D of this SectionRMC 4-3-050.D, where it has been determined through field documentation that critical areas are not present or as specified below: a. Habitat Assessment: In cases where a proposal is will not likely to significantly impact the critical habitat and there is sufficient information to determine the effects of a proposal, an applicant may request that this report be waived by the Administrator. b. Streams and Lakes: i. Stream or Lake Study: This report may only be waived by the Administrator when the applicant provides satisfactory evidence that: (a) A road, building or other barrier exists between the water body and the proposed activity that results in functional isolation,; or (b) The water body or required buffer area does not intrude on the applicant’s lot, and based on evidence submitted, the proposal will not result in significant adverse impacts to nearby water bodies regulated under this Section; or (c) Applicable data and analysis appropriate to the proposed project exists and an additional study is not necessary. ORDINANCE NO. 6179 40 ii. Stream or Lake Mitigation Plan: This plan may only be waived when no impacts have been identified through a stream or lake study. c. Wetland Assessment: The wetland assessment shall be waived by the Administrator when the applicant provides satisfactory evidence that a road, building or other barrier exists between the wetland and the proposed activity, when the buffer area, determined with a wetland categorization, needed or required will not intrude on the applicant’s lot, or when applicable data and analysis appropriate to the project proposed exists and an additional report is not necessary. SECTION XI. Section 4-3-050.G of the RMC is amended as follows: 1. General: No proposal shall result in a loss of critical area functions or values. If the application of these provisions would deny all reasonable use of the property, the applicant may apply for a variance as identified in RMC 4-9-250. 2. Critical Area Buffers and Structure Setbacks from Buffers: The following critical area buffers and structure setbacks from buffers are established for each critical area. Table 4-3-050.G.2 Critical Area Buffer Table Critical Area Category or Type Critical Area Buffer Width Structure Setback beyond Buffer1 Flood Hazard Areas Flood Hazard Areas None None Channel Migration Zone None None Geologically Hazardous Areas ORDINANCE NO. 6179 41 Critical Area Category or Type Critical Area Buffer Width Structure Setback beyond Buffer1 Steep Slopes:2 Sensitive Slopes None3 None3, 4 Protected Slopes5 None3 15 ft.1 Landslide Hazards:2 Low None3 None3, 4 Medium None3 None3, 4 High None3 None3, 4 Very High5 50 ft. 15 ft.1 Erosion Hazards: Low None None High None None Seismic Hazards: Low None None High None None Coal Mine Hazards: Low None3 None3 Medium None3 None3 High None3 None3 Fish and Wildlife Habitat Conservation Areas Critical Habitats Established by Administrator per RMC 4-3-050.G 15 ft.1 Streams and Lakes5 Type F 115 ft. 15 ft.1 Type Np 75 ft. 15 ft.1 Type Ns 50 ft. 15 ft.1 Wellhead Protection Areas Zones 1 and 2 None None ORDINANCE NO. 6179 42 Critical Area Category or Type Critical Area Buffer Width Structure Setback beyond Buffer1 Wetlands6 Low Impact Land Uses:7 High Habitat Function (8-9 points) Moderate Habitat Function (5-7 points) Low Habitat Function (3-4 points) All Other Scores 15 ft.1 Category I – Bogs & Natural Heritage Wetlands 175 ft. Category I – All Others 175 ft. 125 ft. 75 ft. 75 ft. Category II 150 ft. 100 ft. 75 ft. n/a Category III 100 ft. 75 ft. 50 ft. n/a Category IV 40 ft. n/a All Other Land Uses: High Habitat Function (8-9 points) Moderate Habitat Function (5-7 points) Low Habitat Function (3-4 points) All Other Scores 15 ft.1 Category I – Bogs & Natural Heritage Wetlands 200 ft. Category I – All Others 200 ft. 150 ft. 115 ft. 115 ft. Category II 175 ft. 150 ft. 100 ft. n/a Category III 125 ft. 100 ft. 75 ft. n/a Category IV 50 ft. n/a ORDINANCE NO. 6179 43 Footnotes: 1. The following may be allowed in the building setback area: a. Landscaping; b. Uncovered decks, less than eighteen inches (18") above grade; c. Building overhangs, if such overhangs do not extend more than twenty-four inches (24") into the setback area; and d. Impervious ground surfaces, such as driveways and patios, provided that such improvements may be subject to water quality regulations and maximum impervious surface limitations. e. Other similar architectural elements, as determined by the Administrator. 2. Buffers shall be established from the top, toe, and sides of slopes. 3. Based upon the results of a geotechnical report and/or independent review, conditions of approval for developments may include buffers and/or setbacks from buffers. 4. Unless required pursuant to the adopted building code or Building Official. 5. When a required stream/lake buffer falls within a protected slope or very high landslide hazard area, the stream/lake buffer width shall extend to the boundary of the protected slope of very high landslide hazard area. 6. Areas that are functionally and effectively disconnected from the wetland by a permanent road or other substantially developed surface of ORDINANCE NO. 6179 44 sufficient width and with use characteristics such that buffer functions are not provided shall not be counted toward the minimum buffer unless these areas can be feasibly removed, relocated or restored to provide buffer functions. 7. Low intensity land uses include but are not limited to the following: unpaved trails, low intensity open space (hiking, bird-watching, preservation of natural resources, etc.) and utility corridor without a maintenance road and little or no vegetation management. Land Use Impacts: Level of Impact Types of Land Use High  Commercial  Urban  Industrial  InsƟtuƟonal  Mixed-use developments  ResidenƟal (more than 1 unit/acre)  Roads: federal and state highways, including on-ramps and exits, state routes, and other roads associated with high-impact land uses  Railroads  Agriculture with high-intensity acƟviƟes (dairies, nurseries, greenhouses, growing and harvesƟng crops requiring annual Ɵlling, raising and maintaining animals, etc.)  Open/recreaƟonal space with high-intensity uses (golf courses, ball fields, etc.)  Solar farms (uƟlity scale) Moderate  ResidenƟal (1 unit/acre or less)  Roads: Forest Service roads and roads associated with moderate-impact land uses  Open/recreaƟonal space with moderate-intensity uses (parks with paved trails or playgrounds, biking, jogging, etc.)  Agriculture with moderate-intensity uses (orchards, hay fields, light or rotaƟonal grazing, etc.) ORDINANCE NO. 6179 45  UƟlity corridor or right-of-way used by one or more uƟliƟes and  including access/maintenance road  Wind farm Low  Natural resource lands (forestry/silviculture–cuƫng of trees only, not land clearing and removing stumps)  Open/recreaƟonal space with low-intensity uses (unpaved trails, hiking, birdwatching, etc.)  UƟlity corridor without a maintenance road and liƩle or no vegetaƟon management  Cell tower a. Streams and Lakes Table 4-3-050G.2.a Streams and Lakes Buffer Table Critical Area Category or Type Critical Area Buffer Width Structure Setback beyond Buffer1 Streams and Lakes3 Standard Buffer1 Increased Buffer2 Type F 115 ft 200 ft 15 ft4 Type Np 75 ft 100 ft 15 ft4 Type Ns 50 ft 67 ft 15 ft4 Footnotes: 1. The standard buffer widths apply so long as either the vegetated buffer standards outlined in RMC 4-3-050.G.2.f are met or the buffer is enhanced to comply with the vegetated buffer standards through an approved mitigation plan in accordance with RMC 4-3-050.G.2.f. 2. The increased buffer widths apply when either the vegetated buffer standards outlined in 2.a.i. of this section are not met or the buffer is not enhanced through an approved mitigation plan in accordance with subsection 2.a.i. of this section. ORDINANCE NO. 6179 46 3. When a required stream/lake buffer falls within a protected slope or very high landslide hazard area, the stream/lake buffer width shall extend to the boundary of the protected slope of very high landslide hazard area. 4. The following may be allowed in the building setback area: a. Landscaping; b. Uncovered decks, less than eighteen inches (18") above grade; c. Building overhangs, if such overhangs do not extend more than twenty-four inches (24") into the setback area; and d. Impervious ground surfaces, such as driveways and patios, provided that such improvements may be subject to water quality regulations and maximum impervious surface limitations. e. Other similar architectural elements, as determined by the Administrator. b. Classification System: The following classification system is hereby adopted for the purposes of regulating Streams and Lakes in the City. This classification system is based on the State’s Permanent Water Typing System WAC 222-16-030. Stream and lake buffer widths are based on the following rating system: i. Type S: Waters inventoried as “Shorelines of the State” under RCW 90.58. These waters are regulated under Renton’s Shoreline Master Program Regulations, RMC 4-3-090. ORDINANCE NO. 6179 47 ii. Type F: Waters that are known to be used by fish or meet the physical criteria to be potentially used by fish and that have perennial (year-round) or seasonal flows. iii. Type Np: Waters that do not contain fish or fish habitat and that have perennial (year-round) flows. Perennial stream waters do not go dry any time of a year of normal rainfall. However, for the purpose of water typing, Type Np waters include the intermittent dry portions of the perennial channel below the uppermost point of perennial flow. iv. Type Ns: Waters that do not contain fish or fish habitat and have intermittent flows. These are seasonal, non-fish habitat streams in which surface flow is not present for at least some portion of a year of normal rainfall and are not located downstream from any stream reach that is a Type Np Water. Ns Waters must be physically connected by an above-ground channel system to Type S, F, or Np Waters. c. Non-regulated: Waters that are considered “intentionally created” not regulated under this Section include irrigation ditches, grass-lined swales and canals that do not meet the criteria for Type S, F, Np, or Ns. Purposeful creation must be demonstrated through documentation, photographs, statements and/or other persuasive evidence. d. Measurement: i. Stream/Lake Boundary: The boundary of a stream or lake shall be considered to be its ordinary high- water mark (OHWM) as defined in RMC 4-11. ORDINANCE NO. 6179 48 The OHWM shall be flagged in the field by a qualified consultant when any study is required pursuant to RMC 4-3-050.G.2. ii. Buffer: The boundary of a buffer shall extend beyond the boundaries of the stream or lake to the width applicable to the stream/lake class as noted in RMC 4- 3-050.G.2, Critical Area Buffers and Structure Setbacks from Buffers. Where streams enter or exit pipes, the buffer in this subsection shall be measured perpendicular to the OHWM from the end of the pipe along the open channel section of the stream. Figure 4-3-050.G.2.d.ii. Buffer measurement at pipe opening. e. Performance Standards: Developments on sites with a stream or associated critical area buffer shall incorporate the following performance standards in design of the development as applicable: ORDINANCE NO. 6179 49 i. Lights shall be directed away from the stream. ii. Activity that generates noise such as parking lots, generators, and residential uses shall be located away from the stream, or any noise shall be minimized through use of design and insulation techniques. iii. Toxic runoff from new impervious area shall be routed away from the stream. iv. Treated water may be allowed to enter the critical area buffer if discharged as far from the associated critical area as possible and all the City’s adopted Stormwater Design Manual standards are met. Low Impact Design (LID) stormwater facilities are considered where feasible. v. The outer edge of the stream critical area buffer shall be planted with dense vegetation or install a split rail fence to limit pet or human use. f. Vegetation Buffer Standards: Standard stream buffer widths required by this section assume the stream buffer is densely vegetated with a native plant community appropriate for the ecoregion, consisting of an average of 80% native cover comprised of trees, shrubs, and groundcover plants. If the existing buffer is unvegetated, sparsely vegetated, or vegetated with invasive species, the buffer must either be enhanced through an approved mitigation plan or theincreased buffer per the tableabove will be applied to ensure the buffer provides adequate functions. dg. Stream/Lake Buffer Width Requirements: i. Buffers and Setbacks: ORDINANCE NO. 6179 50 (a) Minimum Stream/Lake Buffer Widths: See subsection G2 of this SectionRMC 4-3-050.G.2. (b) Piped or Culverted Streams: (1) Building structures over a natural stream located in an underground pipe or culvert except as may be granted by a variance in RMC 4-9-250 are prohibited. Transportation or utility crossings or other alterations pursuant to subsection J of this SectionRMC 4-3-050.J are allowed. Pavement over a pre-existing piped stream is allowed. Relocation of the piped stream system around structures is allowed. If structure locations are proposed to be changed or the piped stream is being relocated around buildings, a hydrologic and hydraulic analysis of existing piped stream systems will be required for any development project site that contains a piped stream to ensure it is sized to convey the one hundred (100) year runoff level from the total upstream tributary area based on future land use conditions. (2) No buffers are required along segments of piped or culverted streams. The City shall require easements and setbacks from pipes or culverts consistent with stormwater requirements in RMC 4-6-030 and the adopted drainage manual. ii. Increased Buffer Width: (a) Areas of High Blow-down Potential: Where the stream/lake buffer is in an area of high blow-down potential for trees as identified by a qualified ORDINANCE NO. 6179 51 professional, the buffer width may be expanded an additional fifty feet (50') on the windward side. (b) Habitat Corridors: Where the stream/lake buffer is adjacent to high functioning critical areas (e.g., wetlands, other streams, other identified habitats), the stream/lake buffer width shall be extended to the buffer boundary of the other protected critical area to establish a habitat corridor as needed to protect or establish contiguous vegetated areas between streams/lakes and other critical areas. eh. Criteria for Permit Approval – Type F, Np, and Ns: Permit approval for projects on or near regulated Type F, Np, and Ns water bodies shall be granted only if the approval is consistent with the provisions of this subsection, and complies with one of the following conditions: i. A proposed action meets the standard provisions of this Section and results in no net loss of regulated riparian area or shoreline ecological function in the drainage basin where the site is located; or ii. A proposed action meets alternative administrative standards pursuant to this Section and the proposed activity results in no net loss of regulated riparian area or shoreline ecological function in the drainage basin where the site is located; or iii. A variance process is successfully completed and the proposed activity results in no net loss of regulated riparian area or shoreline ecological function in the drainage basin where the site is located. ORDINANCE NO. 6179 52 fi. Incentives for Restoration of Streams Located in an Underground Pipe or Culvert: Daylighting of culverted watercourses should be encouraged and allowed with the following modified standards: i. Residential Zones: Reduced setbacks, lot width and lot depth standards of chapter 4-2 RMC may be approved without requirement of a variance for lots that abut the daylighted watercourse to accommodate the same number of lots as if the watercourse were not daylighted. ii. Mixed Use, Commercial, and Industrial Zones: Where greater lot coverage allowances are provided for structured parking in chapter 4-2 RMC, lot coverage may be increased to the limit allowed for structured parking if instead a stream is daylighted. The increase in impervious surface allowed shall be equal to the area of stream restoration. (a) Standard buffers may be reduced pursuant to subsection I of this SectionRMC 4-3-050.I. If reduced buffers in subsection I of this SectionRMC 4-3-050.I along with other development standards of the zone would not allow the same development level as without the watercourse daylighting, a modification may be requested as in subsection I2c of this SectionRMC 4-3- 050.I.2.c. (b) When designed consistent with the City’s flood regulations in this subsection G, portions of the daylighted stream/created buffer may be considered part of compensatory storage in flood hazard areas. ORDINANCE NO. 6179 53 (c) Stream relocation is permitted subject to subsection J of this SectionRMC 4-3-050.J. j. Wetlands Table 4-3-050.G.2.j Wetlands Buffer Table Critical Area Category or Type Critical Area Buffer Width Structure Setback beyond Buffer3 Wetlands4 Wetland Characteristic Standard Buffer1 Increased Buffer2 Category I Bogs & Natural Heritage Wetlands – Habitat score 8 - 9 225 ft 300 ft 15 ft 3 Natural heritage wetlands and bogs – All others 190 ft 250 ft Habitat score of 8 - 9 225 ft 300 ft Habitat score of 6 - 7 110 ft 150 ft Habitat score of 3 - 5 75 ft 100 ft Category II Habitat score of 8 - 9 225 ft 300 ft Habitat score of 6 - 7 110 ft 150 ft Habitat score of 3 - 5 75 ft 100 ft Category III Habitat score of 8 - 9 225 ft 300 ft Habitat score of 6 - 7 110 ft 150 ft ORDINANCE NO. 6179 54 Habitat score of 3 - 5 60 ft 80 ft Category IV All 40 ft 50 ft Footnotes: 1. To apply the standard buffer width criteria for performance standards under RMC 4- 3-050.G.2.e, vegetation buffer standards under RMC 4-3-050.G.2.n and habitat corridor must be met. 2. Buffers that do not meet criteria for vegetation buffer standards and habitat corridor are assigned the increased buffer width. 3. The following may be allowed in the building setback area: a. Landscaping; b. Uncovered decks, less than eighteen inches (18") above grade; c. Building overhangs, if such overhangs do not extend more than twenty-four inches (24") into the setback area; and d. Impervious ground surfaces, such as driveways and patios, provided that such improvements may be subject to water quality regulations and maximum impervious surface limitations. e. Other similar architectural elements, as determined by the Administrator. 4. Areas that are functionally and effectively disconnected from the wetland by a permanent road or other substantially developed surface of sufficient width and with use characteristics such that buffer functions are not provided shall not be counted toward the ORDINANCE NO. 6179 55 minimum buffer unless these areas can be feasibly removed, relocated or restored to provide buffer functions. a. Potential or lack of potential to create a protected corridor must be determined by a qualified professional on a site-specific basis. b. Presence or absence of the shoreline or priority habitat must be confirmed by a qualified biologist or shoreline administrator. c. Performance standards under RMC 4-3-050.G.2.e. are applied. d. If the area is required to be protected as a habitat corridor by operation of this subsection is not under common ownership, then the requirements of this subsection shall only be applied to the portion of the required habitat corridor required to be located on property that is owned or controlled by the applicant. The habitat corridor shall then be completed, at a later date, by a future applicant upon development of the property not under common ownership. j. Applicability: Wetland regulations apply to sites containing or abutting wetlands, defined in RMC 4-11-230, as described below. The City categorizes wetlands according to the most current version of the Washington State Wetland Rating System for Western Washington. k. Delineation of Regulatory Edge of Wetlands: i. Methodology: For the purpose of regulation, the exact location of the wetland edge shall be determined by the qualified professional hired at the ORDINANCE NO. 6179 56 expense of the applicant through the performance of a field investigation in accordance with the approved federal wetland delineation manual and applicable regional supplements. ii. Adjustments to Delineation by City: Where the applicant has provided a delineation of the wetland edge, the City shall review and may render adjustments to the edge delineation. In the event the adjusted edge delineation is contested by the applicant, the City shall, at the applicant’s expense, obtain the services of an additional qualified professional to review the original study and render a final delineation. l. Wetland Categorization or Categorization System: The following categorization system is hereby adopted for the purposes of regulating wetlands in the City. The City may accept a dual wetland categorization for a wetland exhibiting a combination of Category I and II features or a combination of Category I and III features. The City will not accept a dual rating for a Category II wetland, such as a combined Category II and III rating. Dual ratings for a Category I wetland shall be consistent with the Washington State Wetland Rating System for Western Washington – 2014 Update (October 2014) or as amended hereafter. Wetlands buffer widths, replacement ratios and avoidance criteria shall be based on Wetland Mitigation in Washington State, Part 1: Agency Policies and Guidance, Version 2 (Ecology Publication No. 21-06-003, April 2021) and as may be amended in the future, and the following ratings: i. Category I Wetlands: Category I wetlands are those wetlands of exceptional value in terms of protecting water quality, storing flood and stormwater, and/or ORDINANCE NO. 6179 57 providing habitat for wildlife as indicated the state rating system referenced above. These are wetland communities of infrequent occurrence that often provide documented habitat for critical, threatened, or endangered species, and/or have other attributes that are very difficult or impossible to replace if altered. ii. Category II Wetlands: Category II wetlands have significant value based on their function as indicated by the state rating system referenced above. They do not meet the criteria for Category I rating but occur infrequently and have qualities that are difficult to replace if altered. iii. Category III Wetlands: Category III wetlands have important resource value as indicated by the state rating system referenced above. iv. Category IV Wetlands: Category IV wetlands are wetlands of limited resource value as indicated by the state rating system referenced above. They typically have vegetation of similar age and class, lack special habitat features, and/or are isolated or disconnected from other aquatic systems or high quality upland habitats. m. Performance Standards i. Lights shall be directed away from the wetland. ii. Activity that generates noise such as parking lots, generators, and residential uses shall be located away from the wetland, or a noise shall be minimized through use of design and insulation techniques ORDINANCE NO. 6179 58 iii. Toxic runoff from new impervious area shall be routed away from the wetlands. iv. Treated water may be allowed to enter the wetland critical area buffer. v. The outer edge of the wetland critical area buffer shall be planted with dense vegetation to limit pet or human use. n. Vegetation Buffer Standards: All wetland buffer widths presume the buffer is densely vegetated with a native plant community appropriate for the ecoregion, consisting of an average of eighty percent (80%) native cover comprised of trees, shrubs, and groundcover plants. If the existing buffer is unvegetated, sparsely vegetated, or vegetated with invasive species, the buffer must either be enhanced through an approved mitigation plan or widened to ensure the buffer provides adequate functions. i. Habitat Corridor. Wetlands that score six (6) points or more for habitat functions the following requirements apply along with standard buffer widths above. (a) A relatively undisturbed vegetated corridor at least one hundred feet (100’) wide between the wetland and the areas listed below when present: (1) A legally protected, relatively undisturbed and vegetated area (e.g., Priority Habitats, compensatory mitigation sites, wildlife areas/refuges, national, county, and state parks where they have identified areas designated as Natural, Natural Forest, or Natural Area Preserve; or ORDINANCE NO. 6179 59 (2) An area that is the site of a Watershed Project identified within, fully consistent with, a Watershed Plan as defined by RCW 89-08-460; or (3) An area where development is prohibited according to the provisions of the local shoreline master program; or (4) An area with equivalent habitat quality that has conservation status in perpetuity, in consultation with WDFW. (b) The corridor is permanently protected for the entire distance between the wetland and the shoreline or legally protected area by a conservation easement, deed restriction, or other legal site protection mechanism. Potential or lack of potential to create a protected corridor must be determined by a qualified professional on a site-specific basis. (c) Presence or absence of the shoreline or priority habitat must be confirmed by a qualified biologist or shoreline administrator. (d) Performance standards under RMC 4-3-050G.2.m are applied. (e) If the area is required to be protected as a habitat corridor by operation of this subsection is not under common ownership, then the requirements of this subsection shall only be applied to the portion of the required habitat corridor required to be located on property that is owned or controlled by the applicant. The habitat corridor shall then be completed, at a later date, by a future applicant upon development of the property not under common ownership. ORDINANCE NO. 6179 60 ii. Wetlands that score five (5) or fewer habitat points, a habitat corridor is not required. o. Wetland Buffers: i. Standard Buffer Widths: See RMC 4-3-050.G.2, Critical Area Buffers and Structure Setbacks from Buffers. ii. Independent Buffer Study: The Administrator shall have the authority to approve proposed alternate buffer widths based on a qualified professional’s wetland study, provided the criteria below are met. (a) The applicant funds the wetland study; and (b) The wetland study shows why the standard buffer widths are unnecessary and how the proposed alternate buffer will provide an equivalent ecological protection as provided by the City standards; and (c) The wetland study demonstrates how it meets best available science as identified in Wetlands in Washington State, Volume 1: A Synthesis of the Science (Ecology Publication No. 05-06-006, March 2005) or as amended hereafter, and Wetlands in Washington State, Volume 2: Managing and Protecting Wetlands (Ecology Publication No. 04-06-008, April 2005) or as amended hereafter, Wetland Mitigation in Washington State Part 1: Agency Policies and Guidance, Version 2 (Ecology Publication No. 21-06-003, April 2021) or as amended hereafter, and Calculating Credits and Debits for Compensatory Mitigation in Wetlands of Western Washington (Ecology Publication No. #10-06-011, March 2012) or as amended hereafter. ORDINANCE NO. 6179 61 iii. Measurement of Buffers: All buffers shall be measured from the wetland boundary as surveyed in the field pursuant to the requirements of this subsection. iv. Increased Wetland Buffer Width: Each applicant shall document in the required wetland assessments whether the criteria in RMC 4-3-050.G.2.o are or are not met and increased wetland buffers are warranted. Based on the applicant’s report or third-party review, increased standard buffer widths may be required in unique cases. Such determination shall be attached as a condition of project approval. Unique cases shall include but not be limited to: (a) The wetland is used by species listed by the Federal or the State government as threatened, endangered and sensitive species and State-listed priority species, essential habitat for those species or has unusual nesting or resting sites such as heron rookeries or raptor nesting trees or evidence thereof; or (b) The buffer or adjacent uplands have a slope greater than fifteen percent (15%) or is susceptible to erosion and standard erosion control measures will not effectively prevent adverse wetland impacts; or. (c) When a larger buffer is necessary to protect wetlands functions and values. p. Cooperative Wetland Compensation: Mitigation Banks, In-Lieu Fee Programs, or Special Area Management Programs (SAMP): i. Applicability: The City encourages and will facilitate and approve cooperative projects wherein a single applicant or other organization with ORDINANCE NO. 6179 62 demonstrated capability may undertake a compensation project under the following circumstances: (a) Restoration or creation on site may not be feasible due to problems with hydrology, soils, or other factors; or (b) Where the cooperative plan is shown to better meet established regional goals for flood storage, flood conveyance, habitat or other wetland functions. ii. Process: Applicants proposing a cooperative compensation project shall: (a) Submit a permit application; (b) Demonstrate compliance with all standards; (c) Demonstrate that long-term management will be provided; and (d) Demonstrate agreement for the project from all affected property owners of record. iii. Mitigation Banks: Mitigation banks are defined as sites which may be used for restoration, creation and/or mitigation of wetland alternatives from a different piece of property than the property to be altered within the same drainage basin. If credits are from a mitigation bank are to be used for Federal or State permits, the bank must be certified under State rules. If approved, compensation payments received as part of a mitigation or creation bank must be received prior to the issuance of an occupancy permit. iv. In-Lieu Fee Programs: In-lieu fee mitigation involves the restoration, creation, enhancement, or preservation of aquatic resources through funds paid ORDINANCE NO. 6179 63 to a governmental or non-profit natural resources management entity to satisfy compensatory mitigation for Federal, State, and local permits. Both the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (33 CFR §§ 325, 332) and Washington State (WAC 173-700) allow the use of in-lieu fee programs. The City of Renton is located within the service area of the King County Mitigation Reserves In-Lieu Fee Program, which may be used by applicants with the approval of the Administrator and Public Works Department provided the mitigation occurs within the City of Renton and the same drainage basin. v. Special Area Management Programs: Special area management programs are those wetland programs agreed upon through an interjurisdictional planning process involving the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, the Washington State Department of Ecology, any affected counties and/or cities, private property owners and other parties of interest. The outcome of the process is a regional wetlands permit representing a plan of action for all wetlands within the special area. 3. Native Growth Protection Areas: a. Required: A native growth protection area shall be instituted to protect a critical area from any proposed development for a non-exempt activity as follows: i. Protected slopes and their associated buffers. ii. Very high landslide hazard areas and their associated buffers. iii. Class F, Np, and Ns, as defined in subsection G7 of this SectionRMC 4-3- 050.G.2.a, streams or lakes and their associated buffers. ORDINANCE NO. 6179 64 iv. Category I, II, III, or IV wetlands, as defined in subsection G9c of this SectionRMC 4-3-050.G.2.l, and their associated buffers. b. May Be Required: Native growth protection areas may be required for high landslide hazard area buffers, or for critical fish and wildlife habitats areas and their buffers. 4. Flood Hazard Areas: a. Classification: Flood hazard areas are defined as the land in the floodplain subject to one percent (1%) or greater chance of flooding in any given year. Designation on flood maps always includes the letters A or V. b. Data to Be Used for Existing and Future Flow Conditions: The City shall determine the components of the flood hazard areas after obtaining, reviewing and utilizing base flood elevations and available floodplain data for a flood having a one percent (1%) chance of being equaled or exceeded in any given year, often referred to as the “one hundred (100) year flood.” The City may require projections of future flow conditions for proposals in unmapped potential flood hazard areas. c. General Standards: In all flood hazard areas, the following standards are required: i. Anchoring – All New Construction: All new construction and substantial improvements shall be anchored to prevent flotation, collapse, or lateral movement of the structure resulting from hydrodynamic and hydrostatic loads including the effects of buoyancy. ORDINANCE NO. 6179 65 ii. Anchoring – Manufactured Homes: All manufactured homes must likewise be anchored to prevent flotation, collapse or lateral movement, and shall be installed using methods and practices that minimize flood damage. Anchoring methods may include, but are not limited to, use of over-the-top or frame ties to ground anchors (reference FEMA’s Manufactured Home Installation in Frequently Flooded Areas guidebook for additional techniques). iii. Construction Materials and Methods: (a) All new construction and substantial improvements shall be constructed with materials and utility equipment resistant to flood damage. (b) All new construction and substantial improvements shall be constructed using methods, statutes, codes, rules, regulations and practices that minimize flood damage. (c) Electrical, heating, ventilation, plumbing, and air-conditioning equipment and other service facilities shall be designed and/or otherwise elevated or located so as to prevent water from entering or accumulating within the components during conditions of flooding. iv. Utilities: (a) All new and replacement water supply systems shall be designed to minimize or eliminate infiltration of flood waters into the system. A proposed water well shall be located on high ground that is not in the floodway (WAC 173-160-171). ORDINANCE NO. 6179 66 (b) New and replacement sanitary sewage systems shall be designed to minimize or eliminate infiltration of flood waters into the systems and discharge from the systems into flood waters. (c) On-site waste disposal systems shall be located to avoid impairment to them or contamination from them during flooding. v. Subdivision Proposals: (a) All subdivision proposals shall be consistent with the need to minimize flood damage; (b) All subdivision proposals shall have public utilities and facilities such as sewer, gas, electrical, and water systems located and constructed to minimize flood damage; (c) All subdivision proposals shall have adequate drainage provided to reduce exposure to flood damage; and (d) All subdivision proposals shall show the flood hazard areas information and boundary on the subdivision drawing including the nature, location, dimensions, and elevations of the subdivided area. vi. Project Review: (a) A development permit shall be obtained before construction or development begins within any area of special flood hazard established in subsection D3c of this SectionRMC 4-3-050.D.3.c. The permit shall be for all structures including manufactured homes, as set forth in chapter 4-11 RMC, ORDINANCE NO. 6179 67 Definitions, and for all development including fill and other activities, also as set forth in the chapter 4-11 RMC, Definitions. (b) Where elevation data is not available, either through the flood insurance study (FIS), Flood Insurance Rate Map (FIRM), or from another authoritative source (subsection D3f of this SectionRMC 4-3-050.D.3.f), applications for floodplain development shall be reviewed to assure that proposed construction will be reasonably safe from flooding. The test of reasonableness is a local judgment and includes use of historical data, high water marks, photographs of past flooding, etc., where available. Failure to elevate at least two feet (2') above the highest adjacent grade in these zones may result in higher insurance rates. (c) Where base flood elevation data has not been provided or is not available from another authoritative source, it shall be generated by the applicant. (d) Review all development permits to determine that: (1) The permit requirements of this Section have been satisfied; (2) All other required state and federal permits have been obtained; (3) The site is reasonably safe from flooding; (4) The proposed development is not located in the floodway. If located in the floodway, asensure the encroachment provisions of subsectionRMC 4.3.050.G.4.e.i of this Section are met. ORDINANCE NO. 6179 68 (5) The proposed development is not located in a channel migration zone. If located in a channel migration zone, ensure the additional provisions of subsection G.4.f of this Section are met; and (5)(6) Notify FEMA when annexations occur in the Special Flood Hazard Area. d. Specific Standards: In all flood hazard areas, the following provisions are required: i. Residential Construction: (a) In AE and A1-30 zones or other A zoned areas where the base flood elevation has been determined or can be reasonably obtained, new construction and substantial improvement of any residential structure shall have the lowest floor, which for the purposes of this Section includes basement or attached garage as described in subsection G4di(e)(4) of this SectionRMC 4-3-050.G.4.d.i.e.4, elevated one foot (1') or more above the base flood elevation. Mechanical equipment, ductwork, and utilities shall be elevated at least one foot (1') above the base flood elevation. (b) New construction and substantial improvement of any residential structure in an AO zone shall meet the requirements in Appendix A, attached to Ordinance 5977, or superseding ordinances. (c) New construction and substantial improvement of any residential structure in an Unnumbered A zone, for which a base flood elevation is not available and cannot be reasonably obtained, shall be reasonably safe from ORDINANCE NO. 6179 69 flooding, but in all cases the lowest floor and any attached garage floor shall be at least two feet (2') above the highest adjacent grade. (d) If buildings or manufactured homes are constructed or substantially improved with fully enclosed areas below the lowest floor, the areas shall be used solely for parking of vehicles, building access, or storage. (e) Fully enclosed areas below the lowest floor that are subject to flooding are prohibited, or shall be designed to automatically equalize hydrostatic flood forces on exterior walls by allowing for the entry and exit of floodwaters. Designs for meeting this requirement must meet or exceed the following minimum criteria: (1) Have a minimum of two (2) openings with a total net area of not less than one (1) square inch for every square foot of enclosed area subject to flooding; and (2) The bottom of all openings shall be no higher than one foot (1') above grade; and (3) Openings may be equipped with screens, louvers, valves, or other coverings or devices provided that they permit the automatic entry and exit of floodwater; and (4) A garage attached to a residential structure, constructed with the garage floor slab below the base flood elevation, must be designed to allow for the automatic entry and exit of floodwaters. ORDINANCE NO. 6179 70 Alternatively, a registered engineer or architect may design and certify engineered openings. ii. Manufactured Homes: (a) All manufactured homes to be placed or substantially improved within Zones A1-A30, AH, and AE on the community’s Flood Insurance Rate Map (FIRM), shall be elevated on a permanent foundation such that the lowest floor of the manufactured home is elevated a minimum of one foot (1') above the base flood elevation and be secured to an adequately anchored foundation system to resist flotation, collapse and lateral movement. Mechanical equipment, ductwork, and utilities shall be elevated at least one foot (1') above the base flood elevation. (b) Manufactured homes to be placed or substantially improved on sites in an existing manufactured home park or subdivision within Zones A1-30, AH, and AE on the community’s FIRM that are not subject to the above manufactured home provisions shall be elevated so that the lowest floor of the manufactured home is elevated a minimum of one foot (1') above the base flood elevation and be secured to an adequately anchored foundation system to resist flotation, collapse, and lateral movement. Mechanical equipment, ductwork, and utilities shall be elevated at least one foot (1') above the base flood elevation. ORDINANCE NO. 6179 71 (c) If buildings or manufactured homes are constructed or substantially improved with fully enclosed areas below the lowest floor, the areas shall be used solely for parking of vehicles, building access, or storage. iii. Nonresidential Construction: New construction or substantial improvement of any commercial, industrial or other nonresidential structure shall meet the requirements of subsection G.4.d.iii(a) or G4diii(b) of this SectionRMC 4- 3-050.G.d.iii.a or 4-3-050.G.d.iii.b: (a) New construction or substantial improvement of any commercial, industrial or other nonresidential structure shall meet all of the following requirements: (1) In AE and A1-30 zones or other A zoned areas where the base flood elevation has been determined or can be reasonably obtained, new construction and substantial improvement of any commercial, industrial, or other nonresidential structure shall have the lowest floor, including basement, elevated one foot (1') or more above the base flood elevation, or elevated as required by ASCE 24, whichever is greater. Mechanical equipment and utilities shall be elevated at least one foot (1') above the base flood elevation, or as required by ASCE 24, whichever is greater. (2) If located in an AO zone, the structure shall meet the requirements in Appendix A, attached to Ordinance 5977, or superseding ordinances. (3) If located in an Unnumbered A zone for which a BFE is not available and cannot be reasonably obtained, the structure shall be reasonably safe ORDINANCE NO. 6179 72 from flooding, but in all cases the lowest floor shall be at least two feet (2') above the highest adjacent grade. (4) If buildings or manufactured homes are constructed or substantially improved with fully enclosed areas below the lowest floor, the areas shall be used solely for parking of vehicles, building access, or storage. (5) Fully enclosed areas below the lowest floor that are subject to flooding are prohibited, or shall be designed to automatically equalize hydrostatic flood forces on exterior walls by allowing for the entry and exit of floodwaters. Designs for meeting this requirement must either be certified by a registered professional engineer or architect or must meet or exceed the following minimum criteria: (A) Have a minimum of two (2) openings with a total net area of not less than one (1) square inch for every square foot of enclosed area subject to flooding; and (B) The bottom of all openings shall be no higher than one foot (1') above grade; and (C) Openings may be equipped with screens, louvers, valves, or other coverings or devices provided that they permit the automatic entry and exit of floodwater; and (D) A garage attached to a residential structure, constructed with the garage floor slab below the BFE, must be designed to allow for the automatic entry and exit of floodwaters. ORDINANCE NO. 6179 73 Alternatively, a registered engineer or architect may design and certify engineered openings. (b) If the requirements of subsection G.4.d.iii(a) of this SectionRMC 4-3- 050.G.4.d.iii.a are not met, then new construction and substantial improvement of any commercial, industrial or other nonresidential structure shall meet all of the following requirements: (1) Be dry flood proofed so that below one foot (1') or more above the base flood level the structure is watertight with walls substantially impermeable to the passage of water or dry flood proofed to the elevation required by ASCE 24, whichever is greater; and (2) Have structural components capable of resisting hydrostatic and hydrodynamic loads and effects of buoyancy; and (3) Be certified by a registered professional engineer or architect that the design and methods of construction are in accordance with accepted standards of practice for meeting provisions of this subsection based on their development and/or review of the structural design, specifications and plans. Such certifications shall be provided to the official as set forth in subsection D3a of this SectionRMC 4-3-050.D.3.a; and (4) Nonresidential structures that are elevated, not flood proofed, must meet the same standards for space below the lowest floor as described in subsection G4diii(a)(5) of this SectionRMC 4-3- 050.G.4.d.iii.a.5.; and ORDINANCE NO. 6179 74 (c) Applicants who are flood proofing nonresidential buildings shall be notified that flood insurance premiums will be based on rates that are one foot (1') below the flood proofed level (e.g. a building flood proofed to the base flood level will be rated as one foot (1') below). iv. Recreational Vehicles: Recreational vehicles placed on sites within Zones A1-30, AH, and AE on the community’s FIRM, not including recreational vehicle storage lots, shall either: (a) Be on the site for fewer than one hundred eighty (180) consecutive days; (b) Be fully licensed and ready for highway use, on its wheels or jacking system, attached to the site only by quick disconnect type utilities and security devices, and have no permanently attached additions; or (c) Meet the requirements of this subsection G and the elevation and anchoring requirements for manufactured homes. e. Additional Restrictions within Floodways: Floodways, defined in RMC 4-11- 060, are located within flood hazard areas established in subsection D of this SectionRMC 4-3-050.D. Since the floodway is an extremely hazardous area due to the velocity of flood waters which carry debris, potential projectiles, and erosion potential, the following provisions apply: i. Increase in Flood Levels Prohibited: Encroachments, including fill, new construction, substantial improvements, and other development are prohibited unless certification by a registered professional engineer demonstrates through ORDINANCE NO. 6179 75 hydrologic and hydraulic analyses performed in accordance with standard engineering practice that: (a) Encroachments shall not result in any increase in flood levels during the occurrence of the base flood discharge; and (b) There are no adverse impacts to the subject property or abutting or adjacent properties; and (c) There are no higher flood elevations upstream; and (d) The impact due to floodway encroachment shall be analyzed using future land use condition flows. ii. Residential Construction in Floodways: Construction or reconstruction of residential structures is prohibited within designated floodways, except for: (a) Repairs, reconstruction, or improvements to a structure which do not increase the ground floor area; and (b) Repairs, reconstruction or improvements to a structure, the cost of which does not exceed fifty percent (50%) of the market value of the structure either: (1) before the repair, reconstruction, or improvement is started; or (2) if the structure has been damaged, and is being restored, before the damage occurred. Work done on structures to comply with existing health, sanitary, or safety codes or to structures identified as historic places may be excluded in the fifty percent (50%). ORDINANCE NO. 6179 76 iii. Compliance Requirements: If this subsection G is satisfied, all new construction and substantial improvements shall comply with all applicable flood hazard areas reduction provisions of this Section. iv. Bridges Crossing Floodways: In mapped or unmapped flood hazard areas, future flow conditions shall be considered for proposed bridge proposals crossing floodways. v. Additional Provisions within AO Zones: Shallow flooding areas appear on FIRMs as AO zones with depth designations. The base flood depths in these zones range from one to three feet (1' to 3') above ground where a clearly defined channel does not exist, or where the path of flooding is unpredictable and where velocity flow may be evident. Such flooding is usually characterized as sheet flow. In addition to other provisions in this code, the following additional provisions also apply in AO zones: (a) New construction and substantial improvements of residential structures and manufactured homes within AO zones shall have the lowest floor (including basement and mechanical equipment) elevated above the highest adjacent grade to the structure, one foot (1') or more above the depth number specified in feet on the community’s FIRM (at least two feet (2') above the highest adjacent grade to the structure if no depth number is specified). (b) New construction and substantial improvements of nonresidential structures within AO zones shall either: ORDINANCE NO. 6179 77 (1) Have the lowest floor elevated above the highest adjacent grade of the building site, one foot (1') or more above the depth number specified on the FIRM (at least two feet (2') if no depth number is specified); or (2) Together with attendant utility and sanitary facilities, be above that level described in G.4.b.v(b)(1) of this SectionRMC 4-3-050.G.4.e.v.b.1 so that any space below that level is watertight with walls substantially impermeable to the passage of water and with structural components having the capability of resisting hydrostatic and hydrodynamic loads and effects of buoyancy. If this method is used, compliance shall be certified by a registered professional engineer, or architect as described in subsection G4diii(b)(3) of this SectionRMC 4-3-050.G.4.d.iii.b.3. (c) Require adequate drainage paths around structures on slopes to guide floodwaters around and away from proposed structures. (d) Recreational vehicles placed on sites within AO zones on the community’s FIRM either: (1) Be on the site for fewer than one hundred eighty (180) consecutive days; or (2) Be fully licensed and ready for highway use, on its wheels or jacking system, is attached to the site only by quick disconnect type utilities and security devices, and has no permanently attached additions; or (3) Meet the requirements of subsections G4ev(a) and (b) of this SectionRMC 4-3-050.G.4.e.v.a and 4-3-050.G.4.e.v.b and the anchoring ORDINANCE NO. 6179 78 requirements for manufactured homes (subsection G4dii of this SectionRMC 4-3-050.G.4.d.ii). vi. AE and A1-30 Zones with Base Flood Elevations but No Floodways: In areas with BFEs (when a regulatory floodway has not been designated), no new construction, substantial improvements, or other development (including fill) shall be permitted within Zones A1-30 and AE on the community’s FIRM, unless it is demonstrated that the cumulative effect of the proposed development, when combined with all other existing and anticipated development, will not increase the water surface elevation of the base flood more than one foot (1') at any point within the community. f. Additional Restrictions within Channel Migration Zone: Channel migration zones, defined in RMC 4-11-030 and established in RMC 4-3-050.D, identify hazardous areas with significant erosion potential; therefore, the following provisions apply to land within channel migration zones: i. Residential Construction within Channel Migration Zone: New residential development shall not require new shoreline stabilization. Developable portions of lots shall not be subject to flooding or require structural flood hazard reduction measures within a channel migration zone to support intended development during the life of the development or use. Prior to approval, analysis of the site and shoreline characteristics shall demonstrate that new shoreline stabilization is unlikely to be necessary for each new lot to support intended development during the life of the development or use. ORDINANCE NO. 6179 79 ii. All Development: All new construction and substantial improvements shall be constructed using methods and practices that reduce the risk of damage due to erosion caused by channel migration. iii. Bridges: Construction of a new bridge shall be permissible if there is no feasible alternative with less impact on the critical area, the bridge is located to minimize encroachment into the channel migration zone, and bridge piers or abutments for bridge crossings are not placed within the severe channel migration zone. iv. Mapping Discrepancy: An applicant for a development proposal may submit a report to the department to determine channel migration zone boundaries or classify channel migration hazard areas on a specific property if there is an apparent discrepancy between the site-specific conditions or data and the adopted channel migration zone mapping. The geomorphic assessment shall be prepared by a geologist licensed in Washington State with an engineering geology or hydrogeology specialty license and experience conducting fluvial geomorphic assessments. If the Administrator determines there is a discrepancy between the site conditions and the adopted channel migration zone maps, the City shall make appropriate revisions to the mapped channel migration zone. fg. Critical Facility: Construction of new critical facilities, as defined in RMC 4-11- 030, shall be, to the extent possible, located outside the limits of flood hazard areas (one hundred (100) year) floodplain and channel migration zone. Construction of new critical facilities shall be permissible within flood hazard areas or and channel ORDINANCE NO. 6179 80 migration zones if no feasible alternative site is available. Critical facilities constructed within flood hazard areas shall have the lowest floor elevated three feet (3') or more above the level of the base flood elevation (one hundred (100) year) at the site. Floodproofing and sealing measures must be taken to ensure that toxic substances will not be displaced by or released into flood waters. Access routes elevated to or above the level of the base flood elevation shall be provided to all critical facilities to the extent possible. gh. Compensatory Storage: i. Compensatory Storage Required: Development proposals and other alterations shall not reduce the effective base flood storage volume of the floodplain. If grading or other activity will reduce the effective storage volume, compensatory storage shall be created on the site or off the site if legal arrangements can be made to assure that the effective compensatory storage volume will be preserved over time. Compensatory storage shall be configured so as not to trap or strand salmonids after flood waters recede and may be configured to provide salmonid habitat or high flow refuge whenever suitable site conditions exist and the configuration does not adversely affect bank stability or existing habitat. Effective base flood storage volume shall be based on the elevations shown in the flood hazard areas map, identified in subsection E3 of this SectionRMC 4-3-050.E.3 or as determined through a study where no base flood evaluation information exists. ORDINANCE NO. 6179 81 ii. Determining Finished Floor Elevations According to FEMA: The FEMA one hundred (100) year flood plain elevations shall be used to establish building finished floor elevations to comply with other National Flood Insurance Program requirements. 5. Geologically Hazardous Areas Defined: a. Steep Slope Types: i. Sensitive Slopes: A hillside, or portion thereof, characterized by: (a) an average slope of twenty five percent (25%) to less than forty percent (40%) as identified in the City of Renton Steep Slope Atlas or in a method approved by the City; or (b) an average slope of forty percent (40%) or greater with a vertical rise of less than fifteen feet (15') as identified in the City of Renton Steep Slope Atlas or in a method approved by the City; (c) abutting an average slope of twenty five percent (25%) to forty percent (40%) as identified in the City of Renton Steep Slope Atlas or in a method approved by the City. This definition excludes engineered retaining walls. ii. Protected Slopes: A hillside, or portion thereof, characterized by an average slope of forty percent (40%) or greater grade and having a minimum vertical rise of fifteen feet (15') as identified in the City of Renton Steep Slope Atlas or in a method approved by the City. b. Landslide Hazards: i. Low Landslide Hazard (LL): Areas with slopes less than fifteen percent (15%). ORDINANCE NO. 6179 82 ii. Medium Landslide Hazard (LM): Areas with slopes between fifteen percent (15%) and forty percent (40%) and underlain by glacially consolidated soils that consist largely of sand, gravel or glacial till. iii. High Landslide Hazards (LH): Areas with slopes greater than forty percent (40%), and areas with slopes between fifteen percent (15%) and forty percent (40%) and underlain by soils consisting largely of silt and clay non-glacially consolidated soils, and areas with slopes between fifteen percent (15%) and forty percent (40%) with adverse groundwater conditions to include slopes that intersect geologic contacts with a relatively permeable sediment overlying a relatively impermeable sediment or bedrock and/or where seeps or springs or indicators (e.g., vegetation type) of a shallow groundwater table are observed on or adjacent to the face of the slope. iv. Very High Landslide Hazards (LV): Areas of known mapped or identified landslide deposits. c. Erosion Hazards: i. Low Erosion Hazard (EL): Areas with soils characterized by the Natural Resource Conservation Service (formerly U.S. Soil Conservation Service) as having slight or moderate erosion potential, and a slope less than fifteen percent (15%). ii. High Erosion Hazard (EH): Areas with soils characterized by the Natural Resource Conservation Service (formerly U.S. Soil Conservation Service) as having severe or very severe erosion potential, and a slope more than fifteen percent (15%). ORDINANCE NO. 6179 83 d. Seismic Soil Liquefaction Hazards: i. Low Seismic Hazard (SL): Areas underlain by glacially consolidated or otherwise dense soils or bedrock. These soils generally have site classifications of A through D, as defined in the International Building Code, 2012. ii. High Seismic Hazard (SH): Areas underlain by soft or loose, saturated soils, such as alluvium or artificial fill overlaying alluvium. These soils generally have site classifications E or F, as defined in the International Building Code, 2012. e. Coal Mine Hazards: i. Low Coal Mine Hazards (CL): Areas with no known mine workings and no predicted subsidence. While no mines are known in these areas, undocumented mining is known to have occurred. ii. Medium Coal Mine Hazards (CM): Areas where mine workings are deeper than two hundred feet (200') for steeply dipping seams, or deeper than fifteen (15) times the thickness of the seam or workings for gently dipping seams. These areas may be affected by subsidence. iii. High Coal Mine Hazard (CH): Areas with abandoned and improperly sealed mine openings and areas underlain by mine workings shallower than two hundred feet (200') in depth for steeply dipping seams, or shallower than fifteen (15) times the thickness of the seam or workings for gently dipping seams. These areas may be affected by collapse or other subsidence. ORDINANCE NO. 6179 84 f. Protected Slopes, as defined in subsection G5aii of this SectionRMC 4-3- 050.G.5.a.ii: Development is prohibited on protected slopes. Exceptions to this prohibition may be granted pursuant to subsection J of this SectionRMC 4-3-050.J. g. Sensitive Slopes – Medium, High and Very High Landslide Hazards – High Erosion Hazards: During construction, weekly on-site inspections under the direction of a licensed geotechnical professional shall be required at the applicant’s expense. The licensed geotechnical professional directing inspections shall be the same as the professional that prepared the required geotechnical study for the geologically hazardous area or shall provide documentation indicating they concur and accept the conclusions and recommendations in the geotechnical study. Weekly reports prepared by or under the direction of a Certified Erosion & Sediment Control Lead (CESCL) documenting erosion control measures shall be required for High Erosion Hazards. h. Very High Landslide Hazards: i. Prohibited Development: Development shall not be permitted on land designated with very high landslide hazards. Exceptions to this prohibition may be granted pursuant to subsection J of this SectionRMC 4-3-050.J. ii. Buffer Modification: The Administrator may increase or decrease the required buffer based upon the results of a geotechnical report, and any increase or decrease based upon the results of the geotechnical report shall be documented in writing and included with the project approval. The modified standard shall be based on consideration of the best available science as described ORDINANCE NO. 6179 85 in WAC 365-195-905; or where there is an absence of valid scientific information, the steps in RMC 4-9-250 shall be followed. i. Coal Mine Hazards: i. Mitigation – Additional Engineering Design and Remediation Specifications: After approval of the mitigation approach proposed as a result of RMC 4-3-050.D, and prior to construction, the applicant shall complete engineering design drawings and specifications for remediation. Upon approval of the plans and specifications, the applicant shall complete the remediation. Hazard mitigation shall be performed by or under the direction of a licensed geotechnical engineer or engineering geologist. The applicant shall document the hazard mitigation by submitting as-builts and a remediation construction report. ii. Hazards Found during Construction: Any hazards found during any development activities shall be immediately reported to the Development Services Division. Any coal mine hazards shall be mitigated prior to recommencing construction based upon supplemental recommendations or reports by the applicant’s geotechnical professional. iii. Construction in Areas with Combustion: Construction shall not be permitted where surface or subsurface investigations indicate the possible presence of combustion in the underlying seam or seams, unless the impact is adequately mitigated in accordance with the recommendations of the applicant’s geotechnical professional. 6. Fish and Wildlife Habitat Conservation Areas: ORDINANCE NO. 6179 86 a. Classification of Critical Habitats: Habitats that have a primary association with the documented presence of non-salmonid or salmonid species proposed or listed by the Federal government or State of Washington as endangered, threatened, sensitive and/or of local importance. b. Mapping: Critical habitats are identified by lists, categories and definitions of species promulgated by the Washington State Department of Fish and Wildlife (Non- game Data System Special Animal Species) as identified in WAC 220-200-100; in the Priority Habitat and Species Program of the Washington State Department of Fish and Wildlife; or by rules and regulations adopted currently or hereafter by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. c. Buffers: The Administrator shall require the establishment of buffer areas for activities in, or adjacent to, habitat conservation areas when needed to protect fish and wildlife habitats of importance. Buffers shall consist of an undisturbed area of native vegetation, or areas identified for restoration, established to protect the integrity, functions and values of the affected habitat. Buffer widths shall be based on: i. Type and intensity of human activity proposed to be conducted on the site and adjacent sites. ii. Recommendations contained within a habitat assessment report. iii. Management recommendations issued by the Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife. ORDINANCE NO. 6179 87 d. Alterations Require Mitigation: The Administrator may approve mitigation to compensate for adverse impacts of a development proposal to habitat conservation areas through use of a federally and/or state certified mitigation bank or in-lieu fee program. See subsection L of this SectionRMC 4-3-050.L. 7. Streams and Lakes: a. Classification System: The following classification system is hereby adopted for the purposes of regulating Streams and Lakes in the City. This classification system is based on the State’s Permanent Water Typing System WAC 222-16-030. Stream and lake buffer widths are based on the following rating system: i. Type S: Waters inventoried as “Shorelines of the State” under chapter 90.58 RCW. These waters are regulated under Renton’s Shoreline Master Program Regulations, RMC 4-3-090. ii. Type F: Waters that are known to be used by fish or meet the physical criteria to be potentially used by fish and that have perennial (year-round) or seasonal flows. iii. Type Np: Waters that do not contain fish or fish habitat and that have perennial (year-round) flows. Perennial stream waters do not go dry any time of a year of normal rainfall. However, for the purpose of water typing, Type Np waters include the intermittent dry portions of the perennial channel below the uppermost point of perennial flow. iv. Type Ns: Waters that do not contain fish or fish habitat and have intermittent flows. These are seasonal, non-fish habitat streams in which surface ORDINANCE NO. 6179 88 flow is not present for at least some portion of a year of normal rainfall and are not located downstream from any stream reach that is a Type Np Water. Ns Waters must be physically connected by an above-ground channel system to Type S, F, or Np Waters. b. Non-regulated: Waters that are considered “intentionally created” not regulated under this Section include irrigation ditches, grass-lined swales and canals that do not meet the criteria for Type S, F, Np, or Ns Non-regulated waters may also include streams created as mitigation. Purposeful creation must be demonstrated through documentation, photographs, statements and/or other persuasive evidence. c. Measurement: i. Stream/Lake Boundary: The boundary of a stream or lake shall be considered to be its ordinary high- water mark (OHWM) as defined in RMC 4-11. The OHWM shall be flagged in the field by a qualified consultant when any study is required pursuant to this subsection G7. ii. Buffer: The boundary of a buffer shall extend beyond the boundaries of the stream or lake to the width applicable to the stream/lake class as noted in subsection G2 of this Section, Critical Area Buffers and Structure Setbacks from Buffers. Where streams enter or exit pipes, the buffer in this subsection shall be measured perpendicular to the OHWM from the end of the pipe along the open channel section of the stream. ORDINANCE NO. 6179 89 Figure 4-3-050.G.7.c.ii. Buffer measurement at pipe opening. d. Stream/Lake Buffer Width Requirements: i. Buffers and Setbacks: (a) Minimum Stream/Lake Buffer Widths: See subsection G2 of this Section. (b) Piped or Culverted Streams: (1) Building structures over a natural stream located in an underground pipe or culvert except as may be granted by a variance in RMC 4-9-250 are prohibited. Transportation or utility crossings or other alterations pursuant to subsection J of this Section are allowed. Pavement over a pre-existing piped stream is allowed. Relocation of the piped stream system around structures is allowed. If structure locations are proposed to be changed or the piped stream is being relocated around buildings, a hydrologic and hydraulic analysis of existing piped stream systems will be required for any ORDINANCE NO. 6179 90 development project site that contains a piped stream to ensure it is sized to convey the one hundred (100) year runoff level from the total upstream tributary area based on future land use conditions. (2) No buffers are required along segments of piped or culverted streams. The City shall require easements and setbacks from pipes or culverts consistent with stormwater requirements in RMC 4-6-030 and the adopted drainage manual. ii. Increased Buffer Width: (a) Areas of High Blow-down Potential: Where the stream/lake buffer is in an area of high blow-down potential for trees as identified by a qualified professional, the buffer width may be expanded an additional fifty feet (50') on the windward side. (b) Habitat Corridors: Where the stream/lake buffer is adjacent to high functioning critical areas (e.g., wetlands, other streams, other identified habitats), the stream/lake buffer width shall be extended to the buffer boundary of the other protected critical area to establish a habitat corridor as needed to protect or establish contiguous vegetated areas between streams/lakes and other critical areas. e. Criteria for Permit Approval – Type F, Np, and Ns: Permit approval for projects on or near regulated Type F, Np and Ns water bodies shall be granted only if the approval is consistent with the provisions of this subsection, and complies with one of the following conditions: ORDINANCE NO. 6179 91 i. A proposed action meets the standard provisions of this Section and results in no net loss of regulated riparian area or shoreline ecological function in the drainage basin where the site is located; or ii. A proposed action meets alternative administrative standards pursuant to this Section and the proposed activity results in no net loss of regulated riparian area or shoreline ecological function in the drainage basin where the site is located; or iii. A variance process is successfully completed and the proposed activity results in no net loss of regulated riparian area or shoreline ecological function in the drainage basin where the site is located. f. Incentives for Restoration of Streams Located in an Underground Pipe or Culvert: Daylighting of culverted watercourses should be encouraged and allowed with the following modified standards: i. Residential Zones: Reduced setbacks, lot width and lot depth standards of chapter 4-2 RMC may be approved without requirement of a variance for lots that abut the daylighted watercourse to accommodate the same number of lots as if the watercourse were not daylighted. ii. Mixed Use, Commercial, and Industrial Zones: Where greater lot coverage allowances are provided for structured parking in chapter 4-2 RMC, lot coverage may be increased to the limit allowed for structured parking if instead a stream is daylighted. The increase in impervious surface allowed shall be equal to the area of stream restoration. ORDINANCE NO. 6179 92 (a) Standard buffers may be reduced pursuant to subsection I of this Section. If reduced buffers in subsection I of this Section along with other development standards of the zone would not allow the same development level as without the watercourse daylighting, a modification may be requested as in subsection I2c of this Section. (b) When designed consistent with the City’s flood regulations in this subsection G, portions of the daylighted stream/created buffer may be considered part of compensatory storage in flood hazard areas. (c) Stream relocation is permitted subject to subsection J of this Section. 78. Wellhead Protection Areas: a. Applicability: Developments, facilities, uses and activities discussed in this subsection shall comply with the applicable provisions and restrictions of this Section and chapters 4-4, 4-5, 4-6, 4-9, and 5-5 RMC for the Wellhead Protection Areas, as classified below, in which the developments, facilities, uses and activities are located, except as preempted by Federal or State law. i. Wellhead Protection Areas: Wellhead Protection Areas are the portion of an aquifer within the zone of capture and recharge area for a well or well field owned or operated by the City. ii. Wellhead Protection Area Zones: Zones of a Wellhead Protection Area are designated to provide graduated levels of Wellhead Protection Area recharge. Zone boundaries are determined using best available science documented in the ORDINANCE NO. 6179 93 City of Renton Wellhead Protection Plan, an appendix of the City of Renton Water System Plan, as periodically updated. The following zones may be designated: (a) Zone 1: The land area situated between a well or well field owned by the City and the three hundred sixty-five (365) day groundwater travel time contour. (b) Zone 1 Modified: The same land area described for Zone 1 but for the purpose of protecting a high-priority well, wellfield, or spring withdrawing from a confined aquifer with partial leakage in the overlying or underlying confining layers. Uses, activities, and facilities located in this area are regulated as if located within Zone 1 except as provided by this subsection G8.7. (c) Zone 2: The land area situated between the three hundred sixty -five (365) day groundwater travel time contour and the boundary of the zone of potential capture for a well or well field owned or operated by the City. If the aquifer supplying water to such a well, well field, or spring is naturally protected by confining overlying and underlying geologic layers, the City may choose not to subdivide a Wellhead Protection Area into two (2) zones. In such a case, the entire Wellhead Protection Area will be designated as Zone 2. iii. Mapping: (a) Determination of Location within a Zone of a Wellhead Protection Area: In determining the location of facilities within the zones, the following rules shall apply: ORDINANCE NO. 6179 94 (1) Facilities located wholly within a Wellhead Protection zone shall be governed by the restrictions applicable to that zone. (2) Facilities having parts lying within more than one zone of a Wellhead Protection Area shall be governed as follows: Each part of the facility shall be reviewed and regulated by the requirements set forth in this Section for the zone in which that part of the facility is actually located. (3) Facilities having parts lying both in and out of a Wellhead Protection Area shall be governed as follows: (A) That portion which is within a Wellhead Protection Area shall be governed by the applicable restrictions in this Section; and (B) That portion which is not in a Wellhead Protection Area shall not be governed by this Section. b. Facilities: i. Hazardous Materials – Use, Production, Storage, Treatment, Disposal, or Management: Persons that store, handle, treat, use, or produce a hazardous material as defined by RMC 4-11-080, Definitions H, which are new, existing, or to be closed, shall be subject to the requirements of this Section, and as further specified below: (a) All applications for development permits for uses in which hazardous materials are stored, handled, treated, used or produced or which increase the quantity of hazardous materials stored, handled, treated, used, or produced ORDINANCE NO. 6179 95 at a location in the Wellhead Protection Area must be reviewed for compliance with this chapter by the Department prior to approval. (b) The focus of review for all permits will be on the hazardous materials that will be stored, handled, treated, used, or produced; and the potential for these substances to degrade groundwater quality. (c) An inventory of hazardous materials on forms provided by the Department shall be submitted to the Department upon application for a development permit. (d) Where required by the Department, plans and specifications for secondary containment shall be submitted and shall comply with this subsection G8.7. Development permits shall not be issued until plans and specifications for secondary containment, if required, have been approved by the Department. ii. New Facilities – Zones 1 and 2: All proposals for new facilities within any zone of an Wellhead Protection Area must be reviewed for compliance with this Section prior to issuance of any development permits for uses in which hazardous materials are stored, handled, treated, used or produced or which increase the quantity of hazardous materials stored, handled, treated, used, or produced. iii. Prohibited Facilities – Zone 1: (a) The storage, handling, use, treatment or production of hazardous materials in aggregate quantities greater than five hundred (500) gallons shall not be allowed within Zone 1 of a Wellhead Protection Area. The storage, ORDINANCE NO. 6179 96 handling, use, treatment or production of tetrachloroethylene (e.g., dry- cleaning fluid) shall not be allowed within Zone 1 of a Wellhead Protection Area. (b) No person, persons, corporation or other legal entity shall temporarily or permanently abandon, close, sell, or otherwise transfer a facility in a Wellhead Protection Area without complying with the requirements of RMC 4-9-015.F, Closure Permit, and permit conditions of this Section. iv. Existing Facilities Change in Quantities – Zone 1: In Zone 1 of a Wellhead Protection Area, no change in operations at a facility shall be allowed that increases the aggregate quantity of hazardous materials stored, handled, treated, used, or produced with the following exception: An increase in the quantity of hazardous materials is allowed up to the amount allowed for a new facility in Zone 1 as provided by subsection C of this SectionRMC 4-3-050.C. v. Existing Facilities – Allowances in Zone 2: The storage, handling, treatment, use or production of hazardous materials at existing facilities shall be allowed within Zone 2 of a Wellhead Protection Area upon compliance with the permit requirements, release reporting requirements, and closure requirements of this Section. vi. Requirements for Facilities – Zones 1 and 2: The following conditions in subsections G8bvi(a) to (d) of this SectionRMC 4-3-050.G.7.b.vi.a to d will be required as part of any operating permit issued for facilities in Zone 1 of a ORDINANCE NO. 6179 97 Wellhead Protection Area. Conditions in subsections G8bvi(a) to (c)RMC 4-3- 050.G.7.b.vi.a to c shall apply to facilities in Zone 2 of a Wellhead Protection Area. (a) Secondary Containment – Zones 1 and 2: (1) Materials Stored in Tanks Subject to DOE – Zones 1 and 2: Hazardous materials stored in tanks that are subject to regulation by the Washington Department of Ecology under chapter 173-360 WAC are exempt from containment requirements in subsection G.8.b.vi(a)(2) of this SectionRMC 4-3-050.G.7.b.vi.a.2, Secondary Containment – Devices Required in Zones 1 and 2, but are subject to applicable requirements in RMC 4-5-120, Underground Storage Tank Secondary Containment Regulations. (2) Secondary Containment Devices Required in Zones 1 and 2: Every owner of a facility shall provide secondary containment devices adequate in size to contain on site any unauthorized release of hazardous materials from any area where these substances are either stored, handled, treated, used, or produced. Secondary containment devices shall prevent hazardous materials from contacting soil, surface water, and groundwater and shall prevent hazardous materials from entering storm drains and, except for authorized and permitted discharges, the sanitary sewer. (A) Design requirements for secondary containment devices are as follows: ORDINANCE NO. 6179 98 (i) The secondary containment device shall be large enough to contain the volume of the primary container in cases where a single container is used to store, handle, treat, use, or produce a hazardous material. In cases where multiple containers are used, the secondary containment device shall be large enough to contain the volume of the largest container. Volumes specified are in addition to the design flow rate of the automatic fire extinguishing system, if present, to which the secondary containment device is subjected. The secondary containment device shall be capable of containing the fire flow for a period of twenty (20) minutes or more. (ii) All secondary containment devices shall be constructed of materials of sufficient thickness, density, and composition to prevent structural weakening of the containment device as a result of contact with any hazardous material. If coatings are used to provide chemical resistance for secondary containment devices, they shall also be resistant to expected abrasion and impact conditions. Secondary containment devices shall be capable of containing any unauthorized release for at least the maximum anticipated period sufficient to allow detection and removal of the release. ORDINANCE NO. 6179 99 (iii) Hazardous materials stored outdoors and their attendant secondary containment devices shall be covered to preclude precipitation with the exception of hazardous materials stored in tanks that have been approved by and are under permit from the Fire Department. Secondary containment for such tanks, if uncovered, shall be able to accommodate the volume of precipitation that could enter the containment device during a twenty-four (24) hour, twenty-five (25) year storm, in addition to the volume of the hazardous material stored in the tank. (iv) Secondary containment devices shall include monitoring procedures or technology capable of detecting the presence of a hazardous material within twenty-four (24) hours following a release. (v) Hazardous materials shall be removed from the secondary containment device within twenty-four (24) hours of detection and shall be legally stored or disposed. (vi) Areas in which there are floor drains, catchbasins, or other conveyance piping that does not discharge into a secondary containment device that meets the requirements of this chapter shall not be used for secondary containment of hazardous materials. Closure of existing piping shall be according to procedures and designs approved by the Department. ORDINANCE NO. 6179 100 (vii) Primary containers shall be impervious to the contents stored therein, properly labeled, and fitted with a tight cover which is kept closed except when substances are being withdrawn or used. (viii) Hazardous materials stored outdoors when the facility is left unsupervised must be inaccessible to the public. Such techniques as locked storage sheds, locked fencing, or other techniques may be used if they will effectively preclude access. (ix) Stored hazardous materials shall be protected and secured, as needed, against impact and earthquake to prevent damage to the primary container that would result in release of hazardous materials that would escape the secondary containment area. (b) Monitoring Required: See RMC 4-9-015. (c) Emergency Collection Devices – Zones 1 and 2: Vacuum suction devices, absorbent scavenger materials, or other devices approved by the Department shall be present on site (or available within an hour by contract with a cleanup company approved by the Department), in sufficient quantity to control and collect the total quantity of hazardous materials plus absorbent material. The presence of such emergency collection devices and/or cleanup contract are the responsibility and at the expense of the owner and shall be documented in the operating permit. (d) Additional Facility Requirements for Zone 1: ORDINANCE NO. 6179 101 (1) An owner of a facility may, at their own expense, be required to institute a program to monitor groundwater, surface water runoff, and/or site soils. The Department may require that the owner of a facility install one or more groundwater monitoring wells in a manner approved by the Department in order to accommodate the required groundwater monitoring. Criteria used to determine the need for site monitoring shall include, but not be limited to, the proximity of the facility to the City’s production or monitoring wells, the type and quantity of hazardous materials on site, and whether or not the hazardous materials are stored in underground vessels. (2) An owner may be required to pave all currently unpaved areas of their facility that are subject to any vehicular use or storage, use, handling, or production of hazardous materials. (3) An owner may be required to meet the provisions of RMC 4-6- 030.E.4 if the nature of the business involves the use of hazardous materials outside of fully enclosed structures, and the City evaluates the existing stormwater collection and conveyance system. (4) The owner may be required to test interior wastewater plumbing and the building side sewer for tightness according to subsection G8gi(c) of this SectionRMC 4-3-050.G.7.g.i.c, Pipeline Requirements – Zone 1Testing Required for New Pipelines, and the City reserves the right to require that such wastewater conveyance be repaired or replaced ORDINANCE NO. 6179 102 according to subsection G8gi of this SectionRMC 4-3-050.G.7.g.i, Pipeline Requirements – Zone 1. (5) An owner shall be paid by the City fifty percent (50%) of documented capital costs up to twenty-five thousand dollars ($25,000.00) for required installation and construction of monitoring wells, site paving, wastewater conveyance, and stormwater improvements as required in subsections G8bvi(d)(1) through (4) of this Section, Groundwater Monitoring and PavingRMC 4-3.050.G.7.b.vi.d.1 through 4. Payment by the City shall be made according to adopted administrative rules. c. Limited Exemptions: Activities that are exempt from some, but not all, provisions of this Section are listed below. Whether the exempted activities are also exempt from permits will be determined based upon application of chapters 4-8 and 4-9 RMC, or other applicable sections of the Renton Municipal Code. i. Hazardous Materials: (a) Materials for Sale in Original Small Containers: Hazardous materials offered for sale in their original containers of five (5) gallons or less shall be exempt from requirements in subsection G8bvi of this RMC 4-3-050.G.7.b.vi. (b) Activities Exempt from Specified Wellhead Protection Areas Requirements: The following are exempt from requirements in subsections G8bvi(a) through (d) of this SectionRMC 4-3-050.G.7.b.vi.a through d, the requirements pertaining to review of proposed facilities in subsection C5d of this SectionRMC 4-3-050.C.5.c, Prohibited Changes in Land Use and Types of ORDINANCE NO. 6179 103 New Facilities – Wellhead Protection Areas, and the requirements pertaining to prohibited facilities in subsection G8biii(a) of this SectionRMC 4-3- 050.G.7.b.iii.a: (1) Hazardous materials use, storage, and handling in de minimis amounts (aggregate quantities totaling twenty (20) gallons or less at the facility or construction site). Weights of solid hazardous materials will be converted to volumes for purposes of determining whether de minimis amounts are exceeded. Ten (10) pounds shall be considered equal to one gallon. (2) Noncommercial residential use, storage, and handling of hazardous materials; provided, that no home occupation business (as defined by chapter 4-11 RMC) that uses, stores, or handles more than twenty (20) gallons of hazardous material is operated on the premises. (3) Hazardous materials in fuel tanks and fluid reservoirs attached to a private or commercial motor vehicle and used directly in the operation of that vehicle. (4) Fuel oil used in existing heating systems. (5) Hazardous materials used, stored, and handled by the City of Renton in water treatment processes and water system operations. (6) Fueling of equipment not licensed for street use; provided, that such fueling activities are conducted in a containment area that is designed and maintained to prevent hazardous materials from coming into contact ORDINANCE NO. 6179 104 with soil, surface water, or groundwater except for refueling associated with construction activity regulated by RMC 4-4-030.C.8, Construction Activity Standards – Zones 1 and 2. (7) Hazardous materials contained in properly operating sealed units (transformers, refrigeration units, etc.) that are not opened as part of routine use. (8) Hazardous materials in fuel tanks and fluid reservoirs attached to private or commercial equipment and used directly in the operation of that equipment. (9) Hazardous materials in aerosol cans. (10) Hazardous materials at multifamily dwellings, hotels, motels, retirement homes, convalescent centers/nursing homes, mobile or manufactured home parks, group homes, and daycare family homes or centers when used by owners and/or operators of such facilities for on- site operation and maintenance purposes. (11) Hazardous materials used for janitorial purposes at the facility where the products are stored. (12) Hazardous materials used for personal care by workers or occupants of the facility at which the products are stored including but not limited to soaps, hair treatments, grooming aids, health aids, and medicines. ORDINANCE NO. 6179 105 (c) Uses, Facilities, and Activities in Zone 1 Modified Wellhead Protection Areas Exempt from Specified Wellhead Protection Areas Requirements: Facilities located in the Zone 1 Modified Wellhead Protection Areas are exempt from the following: (1) Prohibited facilities requirements in subsection G8biii(a) of this SectionRMC 4-3-050.G.7.b.iii.a except that the storage, handling, use, treatment, and production of tetrachloroethylene (e.g., dry-cleaning fluid) shall be prohibited; (2) Additional facility requirements in subsection G8bvi(d) of this SectionRMC 4-3-050.G.7.b.vi.d; (3) Wastewater requirements in RMC 4-6-040.J.1.a but shall be subject to Zone 2 requirements in RMC 4-6-040.J.2; (4) The prohibition of septic systems; and (5) Surface water management requirements of RMC 4-6-030.E except that Zone 2 requirements contained in RMC 4-6-030.E shall apply. d. Use of Pesticides and Nitrates – All Wellhead Protection Areas: i. Use of Pesticides: The application of hazardous materials such as pesticides shall be allowed in a Wellhead Protection Area, except within one hundred feet (100') of a City owned well or two hundred feet (200') of a City owned spring; provided, that: ORDINANCE NO. 6179 106 (a) The application is in strict conformity with the use requirements as set forth by the EPA and as indicated on the containers in which the substances are sold. (b) Persons who are required to keep pesticide application records by RCW 17.21.100(1) and WAC 16-228-1320 shall provide a copy of the required records to the Department within seventy-two (72) hours of the application. ii. Fertilizers/Nitrate-Containing Materials: The application of fertilizers containing nitrates shall be allowed in a Wellhead Protection Area except within one hundred feet (100') of a City owned well or two hundred feet (200') of a spring; provided, that: (a) No application of nitrate-containing materials shall exceed one-half (0.5) pound of nitrogen per one thousand (1,000) square feet per single application and a total yearly application of five (5) pounds of nitrogen per one thousand (1,000) square feet; except that an approved slow-release nitrogen may be applied in quantities of up to nine-tenths (0.9) pound of nitrogen per one thousand (1,000) square feet per single application and eight (8) pounds of nitrogen per one thousand (1,000) square feet per year; and (b) Persons who apply fertilizer containing nitrates to more than one contiguous acre of land located in the Wellhead Protection Area either in one or multiple application(s) per year shall provide to the Department within seventy-two (72) hours of any application the following information: ORDINANCE NO. 6179 107 (1) The name, address, and telephone number of the person applying the fertilizer; (2) The location and land area of the application; (3) The date and time of the application; (4) The product name and formulation; (5) The application rate. e. Wastewater Disposal Requirements – Zones 1 and 2: Refer to RMC 4-6-040.J, Sanitary Sewer Standards, Additional Requirements that Apply within Zones 1 and 2 of an Aquifer Protection Area. f. Surface Water Requirements – Zones 1 and 2: Refer to RMC 4-6-030.E, drainage plan requirements and methods of analysis for additional surface water requirements applicable within Zones 1 and 2 of a Wellhead Protection Area. g. Pipeline Requirements: i. Pipeline Requirements – Zone 1: (a) Materials: All new and existing pipelines, as defined by RMC 4-11-160, in Zone 1 shall be constructed or repaired in accordance with material specifications contained in this Section. (b) Maintenance Required for Existing Pipelines: All existing product pipelines in Zone 1 shall be repaired and maintained in accordance with best management practices and best available technology. ORDINANCE NO. 6179 108 (c) Testing Required for New Pipelines: All new pipelines constructed in Zone 1 shall be tested for leakage in conformance with the following provisions prior to being placed into service. (1) Pipeline leakage testing shall be conducted in accordance with best available technology, to the satisfaction of the Department. (2) Pipeline leakage testing methods shall be submitted to the Department for review prior to testing and shall include a detailed description of the testing methods and technical assumptions; accuracy and precision of the test; proposed testing durations, pressures, and lengths of pipeline to be tested; and scale drawings of the pipeline(s) to be tested. (3) Upon completion of testing, pipeline leakage testing results shall be submitted to the Department and shall include: record of testing durations, pressures, and lengths of pipeline tested; and weather conditions at the time of testing. (4) Routine leakage testing of new pipelines constructed in Zone 1 may be required by the Department. h. Construction Activity Standards – Zones 1 and 2: Persons engaged in construction activities as defined in RMC 4-11-030, Definitions C, shall comply with subsection G8 of this SectionRMC 4-3-050.G.7. ORDINANCE NO. 6179 109 i. Fill Material Requirements – Zones 1 and 2: Refer to RMC 4-4-060.N.4, Fill Material – Zones 1 and 2, regarding quality of fill and fill material source statement requirements within Critical Aquifer Recharge Areas. j. Regulations for Existing Solid Waste Landfills – Zones 1 and 2: i. Materials: Earth materials used as fill or cover at a solid waste landfill shall meet the requirements of RMC 4-4-060.N.4, Fill Material. ii. Groundwater Monitoring: The Department shall have the authority to require an owner of a solid waste landfill to implement a groundwater monitoring program equal to that described by King County Board of Health Title 10 (King County Solid Waste Regulations) Section 10.72.020 and a corrective action program equal to that described by Section 10.72.030. The Department shall have the authority ascribed to the health officer in said regulations. Quarterly reports shall be provided to the Department detailing groundwater monitoring activity during the preceding three (3) months. Reports detailing corrective action required by the Department shall be submitted according to a written schedule approved by the Department. k. Fuel Oil Heating Systems – Zones 1 and 2: Owners of facilities and structures shall comply with subsections C5cii(i) and C5ciii(f) of this SectionRMC 4-3-050.C.5.i and ii, Prohibited Activities – Wellhead Protection Areas, Zones 1 and 2, relating to conversion of heating systems to fuel oil and installation of new fuel oil heating systems. 9. Wetlands: ORDINANCE NO. 6179 110 a. Applicability: Wetland regulations apply to sites containing or abutting wetlands, defined in RMC 4-11-230, as described below. The City categorizes wetlands according to the most current version of the Washington State Wetland Rating System for Western Washington. b. Delineation of Regulatory Edge of Wetlands: i. Methodology: For the purpose of regulation, the exact location of the wetland edge shall be determined by the wetlands specialist qualified professional hired at the expense of the applicant through the performance of a field investigation in accordance with the approved federal wetland delineation manual and applicable regional supplements. ii. Adjustments to Delineation by City: Where the applicant has provided a delineation of the wetland edge, the City shall review and may render adjustments to the edge delineation. In the event the adjusted edge delineation is contested by the applicant, the City shall, at the applicant’s expense, obtain the services of an additional qualified wetlands specialist professional to review the original study and render a final delineation. c. Wetland Categorization or Categorization System: The following categorization system is hereby adopted for the purposes of regulating wetlands in the City. The City may accept a dual wetland categorization for a wetland exhibiting a combination of Category I and II features or a combination of Category I and III features. The City will not accept a dual rating for a Category II wetland, such as a combined Category II and III rating. Dual ratings for a Category I wetland shall be consistent with the Washington ORDINANCE NO. 6179 111 State Wetland Rating System for Western Washington – 2014 Update (October 2014), or as amended hereafter. Wetlands buffer widths, replacement ratios and avoidance criteria shall be based on Wetland Mitigation in Washington State, Part 1: Agency Policies and Guidance, Version 2 (Ecology Publication No. 21-06-003, April 2021) and the following ratings: i. Category I Wetlands: Category I wetlands are those wetlands of exceptional value in terms of protecting water quality, storing flood and stormwater, and/or providing habitat for wildlife as indicated by a rating system score of twenty -three (23) points or more on the state rating system referenced above. These are wetland communities of infrequent occurrence that often provide documented habitat for critical, threatened or endangered species, and/or have other attributes that are very difficult or impossible to replace if altered. ii. Category II Wetlands: Category II wetlands have significant value based on their function as indicated by a rating system score of between twenty (20) and twenty -two (22) points the state rating system referenced above. They do not meet the criteria for Category I rating but occur infrequently and have qualities that are difficult to replace if altered. iii. Category III Wetlands: Category III wetlands have important resource value as indicated by a rating system score of between sixteen (16) and nineteen (19) points the state rating system referenced above. iv. Category IV Wetlands: Category IV wetlands are wetlands of limited resource value as indicated by a rating system score between nine (9) and fifteen ORDINANCE NO. 6179 112 (15) points the state rating system referenced above. They typically have vegetation of similar age and class, lack special habitat features, and/or are isolated or disconnected from other aquatic systems or high -quality upland habitats. d. Wetland Buffers: i. Standard Buffer Widths: See subsection G2 of this Section, Critical Area Buffers and Structure Setbacks from Buffers. ii. Independent Buffer Study: The Administrator shall have the authority to approve proposed alternate buffer widths based on a qualified professional’s wetland study, provided the criteria below are met. Determinations made by the Administrator pursuant to this subsection may be appealed to the Hearing Examiner. (a) The applicant funds the wetland study; and (b) The wetland study shows why the standard buffer widths are unnecessary and how the proposed alternate buffer will provide an equivalent ecological protection as provided by the City standards; and (c) The wetland study demonstrates how it meets best available science as identified in Wetlands in Washington State, Volume 1: A Synthesis of the Science (Ecology Publication No. 05-06-006, March 2005), and Wetlands in Washington State, Volume 2: Managing and Protecting Wetlands (Ecology Publication No. 04-06-008, April 2005), Wetland Mitigation in Washington State Part 1: Agency Policies and Guidance, Version 2 (Ecology Publication No. ORDINANCE NO. 6179 113 21-06-003, April 2021), and Calculating Credits and Debits for Compensatory Mitigation in Wetlands of Western Washington (Ecology Publication No. #10- 06-011, March 2012). iii. Measurement of Buffers: All buffers shall be measured from the wetland boundary as surveyed in the field pursuant to the requirements of this subsection. iv. Increased Wetland Buffer Width: Each applicant shall document in the required wetland assessments whether the criteria in this subsection G9d are or are not met and increased wetland buffers are warranted. Based on the applicant’s report or third- party review, increased standard buffer widths may be required in unique cases. Such determination shall be attached as a condition of project approval. Unique cases shall include but not be limited to: (a) The wetland is used by species listed by the Federal or the State government as threatened, endangered and sensitive species and State-listed priority species, essential habitat for those species or has unusual nesting or resting sites such as heron rookeries or raptor nesting trees or evidence thereof; or (b) The buffer or adjacent uplands have a slope greater than fifteen percent (15%) or is susceptible to erosion and standard erosion control measures will not effectively prevent adverse wetland impacts; or. (c) The area is very fragile, or Wwhen a larger buffer is necessary to protect wetlands functions and values. ORDINANCE NO. 6179 114 e. Cooperative Wetland Compensation: Mitigation Banks, In-Lieu Fee Programs, or Special Area Management Programs (SAMP): i. Applicability: The City encourages and will facilitate and approve cooperative projects wherein a single applicant or other organization with demonstrated capability may undertake a compensation project under the following circumstances: (a) Restoration or creation on site may not be feasible due to problems with hydrology, soils, or other factors; or (b) Where the cooperative plan is shown to better meet established regional goals for flood storage, flood conveyance, habitat or other wetland functions. ii. Process: Applicants proposing a cooperative compensation project shall: (a) Submit a permit application; (b) Demonstrate compliance with all standards; (c) Demonstrate that long-term management will be provided; and (d) Demonstrate agreement for the project from all affected property owners of record. iii. Mitigation Banks: Mitigation banks are defined as sites which may be used for restoration, creation and/or mitigation of wetland alternatives from a different piece of property than the property to be altered within the same drainage basin. The City of Renton maintains a mitigation bank. A list of City mitigation bank sites is maintained by the Public Works Department. With the approval of ORDINANCE NO. 6179 115 Administrator and the Public Works Department, non-City-controlled mitigation banks may be established and utilized. If credits are from a mitigation bank are to be used for Federal or State permits, the bank must be certified under State rules. If approved, compensation payments received as part of a mitigation or creation bank must be received prior to the issuance of an occupancy permit. iv. In-Lieu Fee Programs: In-lieu fee mitigation involves the restoration, creation, enhancement, or preservation of aquatic resources through funds paid to a governmental or non-profit natural resources management entity to satisfy compensatory mitigation for Federal, State, and local permits. Both the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (33 CFR Parts 325 and 332) and Washington State (WAC 173- 700) support the use of in-lieu fee programs. The City of Renton is located within the service area of the King County Mitigation Reserves In-Lieu Fee Program, which may be used by applicants with the approval of the Administrator and Public Works Department provided the mitigation occurs within the City of Renton and the same drainage basin. v. Special Area Management Programs: Special area management programs are those wetland programs agreed upon through an interjurisdictional planning process involving the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, the Washington State Department of Ecology, any affected counties and/or cities, private property owners and other parties of interest. The outcome of the process is a regional wetlands permit representing a plan of action for all wetlands within the special area. ORDINANCE NO. 6179 116 SECTION XII. Section 4-3-050.H.3 of the RMC is amended as follows: 3. Studies Required: The City’s determination shall be based on specific site studies by recognized experts. Impacts and mitigation shall be based on consideration of Wetland Mitigation in Washington State Part 1: Agency Policies and Guidance, Version 2 (Ecology Publication No. 21-06-003, April 2021) and Calculating Credits and Debits for Compensatory Mitigation in Wetlands of Western Washington (Ecology Publication No. #10-06-011, March 2012) or as amended hereafter. SECTION XIII. Section 4-3-050.I.1 of the RMC is amended as follows: 1. Maximum Permissible Administrative Alterations to Critical Areas Buffers – Alteration of Critical Area Buffers: The required critical area buffers may be reduced to no less than the minimums set forth in this subsection. Greater buffer width reductions require review as a variance pursuant to RMC 4-9-250. Table 4-3-050.I.1 Alterations Table Critical Area Category or Type Reduced Buffer: Minimum Widths Possible Averaged Buffer: Minimum Widths Possible Geologically Hazardous Areas Landslide Hazard Areas: Very High Based on City acceptance of a geotechnical report1 N/A Streams and Lakes Type F 90 feet2 75 feet3 Type Np 60 feet2 37.5 feet3 Type Ns 40 feet2 25 feet3 Wetlands Wetland buffer widths shall be reduced by no more than 25% of the buffer required in subsection G of this SectionRMC 4-3-050.G. Footnotes: ORDINANCE NO. 6179 117 1. Subject to approval pursuant to the criteria in RMC 4-3-050.G.5.h.ii. 2. Subject to approval pursuant to the criteria in RMC 4-3-050.I.2.a. 3. Subject to approval pursuant to the criteria in RMC 4-3-050.I.2.b. SECTION XIV. Section 4-3-050.I.3 of the RMC is amended as follows: 3. Wetlands: a. Criteria for Reduction of Wetland Buffer Width with Enhancement: The reviewing official must find that the proposal meets all the following criteria: i. The reduced buffer will function at a higher level than the standard buffer; and ii. An enhanced buffer shall never be less than seventy five percent (75%) of the standard width at its narrowest point; and iii. The buffer area has less than fifteen percent (15%) slopes and no direct or indirect, short-term or long-term, adverse impacts to regulated wetlands, as determined by the City,; and iv. The proposal shall rely upon a site-specific evaluation and documentation of buffer adequacy based upon Wetlands in Washington State, Volume 1: A Synthesis of the Science (Ecology Publication No. 05-06-006, March 2005), and Wetlands in Washington State, Volume 2: Managing and Protecting Wetlands (Ecology Publication No. 04-06-008, April 2005), and Wetland Mitigation in Washington State Part 1: Agency Guidance, Version 2 (Ecology Publication No. 21- 06-003, April 2021), or as amended hereafter, or similar approaches; and ORDINANCE NO. 6179 118 v. The proposed buffer standard is based on consideration of the best available science as described in WAC 365-195-905; and b. Criteria for Averaging of Wetland Buffer Width: Averaging may be allowed only where the applicant demonstrates all of the following: i. There are existing physical improvements in or near the wetland and buffer; and ii. That width averaging will not adversely impact the wetland function and values; and iii. That the total area contained within the wetland buffer after averaging is no less than that contained within the required standard buffer prior to averaging; and iv. A site-specific evaluation and documentation of buffer adequacy based upon Wetlands in Washington State, Volume 1: A Synthesis of the Science (Ecology Publication No. 05-06-006, March 2005), and Wetlands in Washington State, Volume 2: Managing and Protecting Wetlands (Ecology Publication No. 04-06-008, April 2005), and Wetland Mitigation in Washington State Part 1: Agency Guidance, Version 2 (Ecology Publication No. 21-06-003, April 2021), or as amended hereafter, or similar approaches, have been conducted. The proposed buffer standard is based on consideration of the best available science as described in WAC 365-195-905; and ORDINANCE NO. 6179 119 v. In no instance shall the buffer width be reduced by more than seventy five percent (75%) of the standard buffer. Greater buffer width reductions require review as a variance pursuant to RMC 4-9-250.B; and vi. Buffer enhancement in the areas where the buffer is reduced shall be required on a case-by-case basis where appropriate to site conditions, wetland sensitivity, and proposed land development characteristics. SECTION XV. Section 4-3-050.J.2.a of the RMC is amended as follows: 2. Alterations Within Streams and Lakes or Associated Buffers. a. Criteria for Administrative Approval of Transportation Crossings in Stream/Lake or Buffer Areas: Construction of vehicular or non-vehicular transportation crossings may be permitted in accordance with an approved stream/lake study subject to the following criteria: i. The proposed route is determined to have the least impact on the environment, while meeting City Comprehensive Plan Transportation Element requirements and standards in RMC 4-6-060; and ii. The crossing minimizes interruption of downstream movement of wood and gravel; and iii. Transportation facilities in buffer areas shall not run parallel to the water body; and iv. Crossings occur as near to perpendicular with the water body as possible; and ORDINANCE NO. 6179 120 v. Crossings are designed according to the Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife Fish Water Crossing Design Guidelines (2013) and the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) 2022 Guidelines for Salmonid Passage at Stream Crossings in Oregon, Washington, and Idaho. These guidelines National Marine Fisheries Service Guidelines for Salmonid Passage at Stream Crossings, 2000, as may be updated, or replaced by equivalent manuals as determined by the Administrator; and vi. Seasonal work windows are determined and made a condition of approval; and vii. Mitigation criteria of subsection L of this SectionRMC 4-3-050.L are met. SECTION XVI. Section 4-3-050.J.4 of the RMC is amended as follows: 4. Criteria for Approving Wetland Alterations: Wetland alterations may only be authorized after the City makes a written finding that the proposal is consistent with the following criteria: a. No Net Loss: Activities that adversely affect wetlands and/or wetland buffers shall include mitigation sufficient to achieve no net loss of wetland function and acreage and to achieve, where practicable, a net resource gain in wetlands over present conditions. The concept of “no net loss” means to create, restore and/or enhance a wetland so that there is no reduction to total wetland acreage and/or function. b. Compensation for wetland alterations shall occur in the following order of preference: ORDINANCE NO. 6179 121 i. Re-establishing wetlands on upland sites that were formerly wetlands. ii. Rehabilitating wetlands for the purposes of repairing or restoring natural and/or historic functions. iii. Creating wetlands on disturbed upland sites such as those consisting primarily of nonnative, invasive plant species. iv. Enhancing significantly degraded wetlands. iv. Preserving Category I or II wetlands that are under imminent threat; provided, that preservation shall only be allowed in combination with other forms of mitigation and when the Administrator determines that the overall mitigation package fully replaces the functions and values lost due to development. v. Enhancing significantly degraded wetlands. vi. Cooperative compensation to mitigation banks or in-lieu fee programs, as indicated in subsection G9e of this SectionRMC 4-3-050.G.2.p. c. Mitigation Ratios for Wetland Impacts: Compensatory mitigation for wetland alterations shall be based on the wetland category and the type of mitigation activity proposed. The replacement ratio shall be determined according to the ratios provided in the table(s) below. The created, re-established, rehabilitated, preserved, or enhanced wetland area shall at a minimum provide a level of functions equivalent to the wetland being altered and shall be located in an appropriate landscape setting. Table 4-3-050.J.4.c Mitigation Tables ORDINANCE NO. 6179 122 Wetland Mitigation Type and Replacement Ratio* Wetland Category** Creation or Re- establishment Rehabilitation Preservation Enhancement Only Category IV 1.5:1*** 2:13:1 6:1 3:16:1 Category III 2:1 3:14:1 8:1 4:18:1 Category II 3:1 4:16:1 12:1 12:16:1 Category I 6:14:1 8:1 16:1 Not allowed 16:1 Combined Wetland MiƟgaƟon Type and CompensaƟon RaƟos* Wetland Category** Re-establishment or CreaƟon (R/C) Plus RehabilitaƟon (RH) Re-establishment or CreaƟon (R/C) Plus PreservaƟon (P)**** Re-establishment or CreaƟon (R/C) Plus PreservaƟon (P)1 Category IV 1:1 R/C plus 1:1RH*** 1:1 R/C plus 2:1 P 1:1 R/C plus 2:1 E Category III 1:1 R/C plus 2:1 RH 1:1 R/C plus 4:1 P 1:1 R/C plus 4:1 E Category II 1:1 R/C plus 4:1 RH 1:1 R/C plus 8:1 P 1:1 R/C plus 8:1 E Category I 1:1 R/C plus 6:1 RH 1:1 R/C plus 12:1 P 1:1 R/C plus 12:1 E *Ratio is the replacement area: impact area. **As defined in RMC 4-3-050.G. ***These ratios do not apply to impacts to wetlands with special characteristics. ****Consistent with Wetland Mitigation in Washington State, Part 1: Agency Policies and Guidance, Version 2 (Ecology Publication No. 21-06-003, April 2021) or as amended hereafter. d. Mitigation Ratios for Wetland Buffer Impacts: Compensation for wetland buffer impacts shall occur at a minimum one to one (1:1) ratio. Compensatory mitigation for buffer impacts shall include enhancement of degraded buffers by ORDINANCE NO. 6179 123 planting native species, removing structures and impervious surfaces within buffers, and other measures. e. Special Requirements for Mitigation Banks: Mitigation banks shall not be subject to the replacement ratios outlined in the replacement ratio table above, but shall be determined as part of the mitigation banking agreement and certification process. f. Buffer Requirements for Replacement Wetlands: Replacement wetlands established pursuant to these mitigation provisions shall have adequate buffers to ensure their protection and sustainability. The buffer shall be based on the category in subsection G2 of this SectionRMC 4-3-050.G.2. g. Location: Compensatory mitigation shall be provided on site or off site in the location that will provide the greatest ecological benefit and have the greatest likelihood of success. Mitigation shall occur as close as possible to the impact area, within the same watershed sub-basin, and in a similar habitat type as the permitted alteration unless the applicant demonstrates to the satisfaction of the Administrator through a watershed- or landscaped-based analysis that mitigation within an alternative sub-basin of the same watershed would have greater ecological benefit. h. Protection: All mitigation areas whether on or off site shall be permanently protected and managed to prevent degradation and ensure protection of critical area functions and values into perpetuity. Permanent protection shall be achieved through protective covenant in accordance with this Section. SECTION XVII. Section 4-3-050.L.1.a of the RMC is amended as follows: ORDINANCE NO. 6179 124 1. Mitigation Plan Required: a. Criteria: Mitigation plans required through the application of subsections G4 to G9 of this SectionRMC 4-3-050.G.2 and 4-3-050.G.4 through G.7 shall comply with chapter 4-8 RMC. In addition, the applicant shall: i. Demonstrate sufficient scientific expertise, the supervisory capability, and the financial resources to carry out the mitigation project; and ii. Demonstrate the capability for monitoring the site and making corrections during the monitoring period if the mitigation project fails to meet projected goals; and iii. Protect and manage, or provide for the protection and management, of the mitigation area to avoid further development or degradation and to provide for long-term environmental health of the mitigation area; and iv. Provide for project monitoring and allow City inspections on a schedule determined by the City; and v. Avoid mitigation proposals that would result in additional future mitigation or regulatory requirements for adjacent or abutting properties. SECTION XVIII. Section 4-3-050.L.1.b of the RMC is amended as follows: b. Mitigation Sequencing: If alterations to critical areas are proposed for a non- exempt activity, the applicant shall evaluate alternative methods of developing the property using the following criteria in this order and provide reasons why a less intrusive method of development is not feasible. In determining whether to grant permit approval pursuant to RMC 4-3-050.C, a determination shall be made as to ORDINANCE NO. 6179 125 whether the feasibility of less intrusive methods of development has been adequately evaluated and that less intrusive methods of development are not feasible. i. Avoiding the impact altogether by not taking a certain action or parts of an action (usually by either finding another site or changing the location on the site). ii. Minimizing adverse impacts by limiting the magnitude of the action and its implementation, by using appropriate technology, or by taking affirmative steps, such as project redesign, relocation, or timing, to avoid or reduce impacts. iii. Rectifying adverse impacts to wetlands, Wellhead Protection Areas, flood hazard areas, and fish and wildlife habitat conservation areas by repairing, rehabilitating, or restoring the affected environment to the historical conditions or the conditions existing at the time of the initiation of the project. iv. Minimizing or eliminating the hazard by restoring or stabilizing the hazard area through engineered or other methods. v. Reducing or eliminating the adverse impacts or hazard over time by preservation and maintenance operations over the life of the action. vi. Compensating for adverse impacts to wetlands, Wellhead Protection Areas, flood hazard areas, and fish and wildlife habitat conservation areas by replacing, enhancing, or providing substitute resources or environments. vii. Monitoring the hazard or other required mitigation and taking remedial action when necessary. SECTION XIX. Section 4-3-050.L.1.g of the RMC is amended as follows: ORDINANCE NO. 6179 126 g. When Stream or Lake Mitigation Plan Is Required: The applicant shall be required to conduct a stream or lake mitigation plan pursuant to RMC 4-8-120 if impacts are identified within a stream or lake study. The approval of the stream or lake mitigation plan by the Administrator shall be based on the following criteria. i. Mitigation Location: Mitigation location shall follow the preferences in this subsection L: (a) On-Site Mitigation: On-site mitigation is required unless a finding is made that on-site mitigation is not feasible or desirable; (b) Off-Site Mitigation within Same Drainage Subbasin as Subject Site: Off-site mitigation may be allowed when located within the same drainage subbasin as the subject site and if it achieves equal or improved ecological functions over mitigation on the subject site; (c) Off-Site Mitigation within Same Drainage Basin within City Limits: Off-site mitigation may be allowed when located within the same drainage basin within the Renton City limits if it achieves equal or improved ecological functions within the City over mitigation within the same drainage subbasin as the project; (d) Off-Site Mitigation within the Same Drainage Basin Outside the City Limits: Off-site mitigation may be allowed when located within the same drainage basin outside the Renton City limits if it achieves equal or improved ecological functions over mitigation within the same drainage basin within the Renton City limits and it meets City goals. ORDINANCE NO. 6179 127 ii. Mitigation Type: In all cases, mitigation shall provide for equivalent or greater biological functions pursuant to subsection L1giii(a) of this SectionRMC 4- 3-050.L.1.g.iii.a. Additionally, there shall be no net loss of riparian area or shoreline ecological function resulting from any activity or land use occurring within the regulated buffer area. Types of mitigation shall follow the preferences in this subsection L: (a) Daylighting (returning to open channel) of streams or removal of manmade salmonid migration barriers; (b) Removal of impervious surfaces in buffer areas and improved biological function of the buffer; (c) In-stream or in-lake mitigation as part of an approved watershed basin restoration project; (d) Other mitigation suitable for site and water body conditions that meet all other provisions for a mitigation plan. iii. Contiguous Corridors: Mitigation sites shall be located to preserve or achieve contiguous riparian or wildlife corridors to minimize the isolating effects of development on habitat areas, so long as mitigation of aquatic habitat is located within the same aquatic ecosystem as the area disturbed. (a) Equivalent or Greater Biological Functions: The Administrator shall utilize the report “City of Renton Best Available Science Literature Review and Stream Buffer Recommendations” by AC Kindig and Company and Cedarock Consultants, dated February 27, 2003 the Washington ORDINANCE NO. 6179 128 Department of Fish and Wildlife’s Best Available Science document, “Riparian Ecosystem, Volume 1: Science Synthesis and Management Implications,” and management recommendations document, “Riparian Ecosystems, Volume 2: Management Recommendations”, or as amended hereafter, unless superseded with a City-adopted study, to determine the existing or potential ecological function of the stream or lake or riparian habitat that is being affected. Alternate reports or literature that meet Best Available Science may be utilized as supplemental information in order to ensure the Administrator’s determination reflects current science and analysis. Mitigation shall address each function affected by the alteration. Mitigation to compensate alterations to stream/lake areas and associated buffers shall achieve equivalent or greater biologic and hydrologic functions and shall include mitigation for adverse impacts upstream or downstream of the development proposal site. No net loss of riparian habitat or water body function shall be demonstrated. (b) Minimum Mitigation Plan Performance Standards: See subsection L1 of this SectionRMC 4-3-050.L.1. iv. Alternative Mitigation: The mitigation requirements set forth in this subsection L.1 may be modified at the Administrator’s discretion if the applicant demonstrates that improved habitat functions, on a per-function basis, can be obtained in the affected sub-drainage basin as a result of alternative mitigation measures. ORDINANCE NO. 6179 129 SECTION XX. Section 4-3-050.N.3 of the RMC is amended as follows: 3. Minimum Performance Standards for Restoration: Information demonstrating compliance with the requirements in subsection L of this SectionRMC 4-3-050.L.1 shall be submitted to the Administrator. The following minimum performance standards shall be met for the restoration of a critical area; provided, that if the violator can demonstrate that greater functional and habitat values can be obtained, these standards may be modified: a. Wellhead Protection Areas, Flood Hazard Areas, Wetlands, and Fish and Wildlife Habitat Conservation Areas: i. The historic structural and functional values shall be restored, including water quality and habitat functions; ii. The historic soil types and configuration shall be replicated; iii. The critical area and buffers shall be replanted with native vegetation that replicates the vegetation historically found on the site in species types, sizes, and densities. The historic functions and values should be replicated at the location of the alteration; and b. Geologic Hazards: i. The hazard shall be reduced to a level equal to, or less than, the pre- development hazard; and ii. Any rRisk of personal injury resulting from the alteration shall be eliminated or minimized; and ORDINANCE NO. 6179 130 iii. The hazard area and buffers shall be replanted with native vegetation sufficient to minimize the hazard. SECTION XXI. Section 4-11-030 of the RMC is amended as follows: LLL. CRITICAL AQUIFER RECHARGE AREA: Areas, defined under the provisions of the Growth Management Act as areas with a critical recharging effect on aquifers used for potable water, including those areas designated as wellhead protection areas and aquifer protection areas in accordance with RMC 4-11-010 and RMC 4-11-230 LLLMMM. CRITICAL FACILITY: A facility for which even a slight chance of flooding, high geologic hazard, or inundation in the areas of flood hazard or volcanic hazard might be too great. Critical facilities include, but are not limited to, schools, nursing homes, hospitals, police, fire and emergency response installations, and facilities that produce, use or store hazardous materials or hazardous waste. MMMNNN. CRITICAL HABITAT or CRITICAL WILDLIFE HABITAT: Habitat areas associated with threatened, endangered, sensitive, monitored, or priority species of plants or wildlife and which, if altered, could reduce the likelihood that the species would maintain and reproduce over the long term. See also RMC 4-3-050. NNNOOO. CROSS CONNECTION: See RMC 4-6-100. OOOPPP. CUL-DE-SAC: A vehicular turn-around at the end of a dead end street. PPPQQQ. CULTURAL FACILITIES: Facilities which offer passive entertainment and enjoyment activities to the general public. This definition includes, but is not limited to, museums and libraries. This definition excludes adult entertainment businesses; dance halls; dance clubs; religious institutions; and gaming/gambling facilities. ORDINANCE NO. 6179 131 QQQRRR. CURB: A vertical curb and gutter section constructed from concrete. SECTION XXII. Subsection 4-11-040.L of the RMC is amended as follows: L. DENSITY, NET: A calculation of the number of housing units and/or lots that would be allowed on a property after critical areas, i.e., very high landslide hazard areas, protected slopes (except evaluate on a case-by-case basis those protected slopes created by previous development), wetlands, Type F, Type Np, and Type Ns waterbodies, Class 1 to 4 streams and lakes, or floodways, and public rights-of-way and legally recorded private access easements, are subtracted from the gross area (gross acres minus streets and critical areas multiplied by allowable housing units per acre). Developments meeting the definition of a shopping center are not required to deduct areas within access easements from the gross site area for the purpose of calculating net density. Required critical area buffers, streams that have been daylighted including restored riparian and aquatic areas, public and private alleys, unit lot drives, drives, joint use driveways (and the access easements upon them), and trails shall not be subtracted from gross acres for the purpose of net density calculations. All fractions which result from net density calculations shall be truncated at two (2) numbers past the decimal (e.g., 4.5678 becomes 4.56). Calculations for minimum or maximum density which result in a fraction that is one-half (0.50) or greater shall be rounded up to the nearest whole number. Those density calculations resulting in a fraction that is less than one-half (0.50) shall be rounded down to the nearest whole number. ORDINANCE NO. 6179 132 SECTION XXIII. Section 4-11-190.B of the RMC is amended as follows: B. SALMONID MIGRATION BARRIER: An in-stream blockage that consists of a natural drop (no human influence) with an uninterrupted slope greater than one hundred percent (100%) (forty five (45) degree angle) and a height in excess of eleven (11) vertical feet within anadromous salmon-bearing waters or a height in excess of three (3) vertical feet within resident trout-only bearing waters. Human-made barriers to salmonid migration (e.g., culverts, weirs, etc.) shall be considered barriers to salmonid migration by this definition, only if they were lawfully installed; permanent; present a complete barrier to salmonid passage based on hydraulic drop, water velocity, water depth, or any other feature which would prevent all salmonids from passing upstream; and in the opinion of the Community and Economic Development Administrator cannot be modified to provide salmonid passage without resulting in significant impacts to other environmental resources, major transportation and utility systems, or to the public, and would have significant expense. For the purposes of this definition, “significant expense” means a cost equal to or greater than fifty percent (50%) of the combined value of the proposed site buildings, structures, and/or site improvements, and existing buildings, structures, and/or site improvements to be retained.