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HomeMy WebLinkAboutTR_Preliminary_Tree_Protection_Plan_251124_v1WASHINGTON FORESTRY CONSULTANTS, INC. FORESTRY AND VEGETATION MANAGEMENT SPECIALISTS W F C I O: 360/943-1723 C: 360/561-4407 9136 Yelm Hwy SE Olympia, WA 98513 URBAN/RURAL FORESTRY • TREE APPRAISAL • TREE RISK ASSESSMENT RIGHT-OF-WAYS • VEGETATION MANAGEMENT • FOREST/TREE MGT. PLANS • EXPERT TESTIMONY Member of International Society of Arboriculture and Society of American Foresters -Preliminary Tree Protection Plan- 3601 Lincoln Avenue NE 3601 Lincoln Avenue NE Renton, WA 98055 Prepared for: Prepared by: Washington Forestry Consultants, Inc. Date of Report: November 18, 2025 Introduction The project proponent is planning to construct a new 5 lot short plat on one parcel totaling 1.10-acres at 3601 Lincoln Avenue NE in Renton. The proponent has retained WFCI to: •Evaluate and inventory all trees on the site pursuant to the requirements of the City of Renton 4-4-130 Tree Retention and Land Clearing Regulations. •Make recommendations for retention of significant trees, along with required protectionand cultural measures. •Complete the City of Renton Tree Retention and Credit Worksheet. Observations Methodology WFCI has evaluated all trees with a caliper of at least 6" diameter at breast height (DBH), except alder or cottonwood trees, which qualify as significant trees with a caliper of 8" or greater. To be a significant tree, it must have a condition rating of Fair or better. Trees rated as Poor, Very Poor, or Dead or are defective, diseased and/or in decline and are not long-term trees and are not considered to be significant trees. All off-site trees with driplines or root protection zones (RPZ’s) encroaching the site were assessed as well. The tree evaluation phase used methodology developed by Nelda Matheny and Dr. James Clark in their 1998 publication Trees and Development: A Technical Guide to Preservation of Trees during Land Development. Entitle Fund Five, LLC 3601 Lincoln Avenue NE – Preliminary Tree Protection Plan Washington Forestry Consultants, Inc. Page 2 Site Description The project site consists of one 1.10-acre parcel, #3345700230. A single-family home and associated outbuildings are on the site. Most of the parcel is gently sloping to the west with very steep slopes on the western edge. There is a 0.23-acre steep slope critical area in this part of the site. The site is bordered by single-family homes to the north, south, and west, and Lincoln Avenue to the east. Soils Description According to the USDA Natural Resource Conservation Service soil survey the three soil types in the project area are variants of the Alderwood gravelly sandy loam, a moderately deep, moderately well drained soil found on glacial till plains. It is formed in ablation till overlying basal till. A weakly cemented hardpan is at a depth of 20 to 40 inches. Permeability is moderately rapid above the hardpan and very slow in the pan. Available water capacity is low. Effective rooting depth is 20-40 inches. A perched seasonal high-water table is at a depth of 18-36 inches from November to March. The potential for windthrow of trees is moderate under normal conditions. New trees require irrigation for establishment. In areas where grading brings the hardpan nearer to the surface, the hardpan must be fractured under new trees to provide soil volume for root development and to improve drainage around the tree. Figure 1. 3601 Lincoln Avenue NE Soils Map AgC - Alderwood gravelly sandy loam 8 – 15% slope AgD – Alderwood gravelly sandy loam 15 – 30% slope AkF – Alderwood and Kitsap soils – very steep 3601 Lincoln Avenue NE – Preliminary Tree Protection Plan Washington Forestry Consultants, Inc. Page 3 Existing Tree Conditions There is one forest cover type on the project area for the purpose of description. The aerial photo of the project, with tree locations, is shown in Attachment 1. Type I. -- This cover type includes the entire project site. There are a total of 22 trees on the parcel. There are introduced trees planted around the home and naturally seeded trees throughout the site. The size of significant trees ranges from 6 inches to 41 inches in diameter at breast height (DBH). Tree species include bigleaf maple (Acer macrophyllum), giant sequoia (Sequoiadendron giganteum), noble fir (Abies procera), smoke tree (Cotinus coggygria), weeping willow (Salix babylonica), and western hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla). Tree conditions on the site range from ‘Poor’ to ‘Good,’ with 91% being rated in ‘Fair’ or better condition. Twenty of the 22 significant trees could be potentially retained on this site when only tree health is considered. The remaining trees are multi-stemmed resprouted stumps that are not quality formed trees to save. The eight Landmark sized tree on the project site are healthy. Sixteen of the trees are located in a steep slope critical area. Table 1. Summary of trees on 3601 Lincoln Avenue NE Site. Species DBH Range (in.) # of Healthy Trees # of Unhealthy Trees* Total # of Trees # of Landmark Trees** Bigleaf Maple 6 – 12 11 2 13 3 Giant Sequoia 28 – 36 3 0 3 3 Noble Fir 12 1 0 1 0 Smoke Tree 8 1 0 1 0 Weeping Willow 41 1 0 1 1 Western Hemlock 19 3 0 3 1 Sum 6 – 41 20 2 22 8 *Trees rated as dead, very poor, or poor. ** Trees ≥24” DBH, bigleaf maple, red alder, cottonwood ≥30” DBH The understory vegetation throughout the type is grass, weeds, and other planted shrubs in the landscape. Himalayan blackberry (Rubus armeniacus) covers a large portion of the site. 3601 Lincoln Avenue NE – Preliminary Tree Protection Plan Washington Forestry Consultants, Inc. Page 4 Photo 1: View of trees on the 3601 Lincoln Avenue NE Site. Off-site Impacts Seven off-site trees will be removed from the Lincoln Avenue and NE 36th Street rights-of-ways to construct this project. These trees are included in the tree list in Attachment 3. Discussion Potential for Tree Retention The site plan shows no trees being retained on the buildable area of the site. The on-site trees are all under the footprints of improvements. This includes one Landmark sized weeping willow. Sixteen trees will be saved in the critical area. 3601 Lincoln Avenue NE – Preliminary Tree Protection Plan Washington Forestry Consultants, Inc. Page 5 Tree Density Calculations Title 4-4-130H(a) of the Renton Municipal Code (RMC) requires 30% of the significant trees on the site to be retained. There are a total of 6 significant sized trees on the parcel outside the critical area. After allowed tree deductions 4 healthy trees remain for calculating the 30% requirement. A total of 1 significant tree will need to be retained in the project area to meet the requirement. Total # of Healthy Significant Trees: 20 Trees # of High Risk Significant Trees: 0 Trees # of Trees in Steep Slope Critical Area: 16 Trees # of Significant Trees After Deductions: 4 Trees # of Significant Trees Required to be Saved (30% of 4 Trees): 1 Tree # of Significant Trees Planned to be Saved 0 Trees Shortfall of Significant Tree Requirement 1 Tree Additionally, RMC4-4-130H(b) requires a minimum tree credit density of 30 tree credits per acre of net developable acreage. The following is a summary of the projected tree density requirements: Gross Site Acreage: 1.10 Acres Proposed Rights-of-way Acreage: 0.32 Acres Critical Area Acreage: 0.23 Acres Net Developable Acres: 0.55 Acres Required Tree Credit Density (0.55 Acres x 30 Credits/Acre): 17 Tree Credits Proposed Tree Retention: Developed Area (0 trees) 0.0 Tree Credits Shortfall of Tree Credit Requirement: 17.0 Tree Credits By retaining no trees in the buildable area of the site this plan falls short of the minimum significant tree retention requirement by 1 tree. Planned tree credit retention is less than the minimum tree credits by 17.0 credits. Seventeen tree credits will be required to replace the minimum credit shortfall. When the required number of protected trees cannot be retained, replacement trees, with at least a two-inch (2") caliper deciduous or an evergreen at least six feet (6') tall, shall be planted based on the tree credit value of each protected tree removed. A fee in lieu of tree planting, the cost of which can be determined by the City of Renton can also substitute for tree replacement if replanting on-site is not feasible. All reasonable efforts have been taken to preserve trees utilizing the highest priority possible. The topography of the site requires significant grading to complete the project. The small lots, location 3601 Lincoln Avenue NE – Preliminary Tree Protection Plan Washington Forestry Consultants, Inc. Page 6 of trees, grading, and required road improvements and utilities eliminates the number of trees that can be retained on the project. Recommendations Tree Protection Measures All save trees, including off-site edge trees, must be protected during construction by a temporary chain-link fence (Attachment 8). Placards shall be placed on the fencing every 50 feet indicating the words, "NO TRESPASSING - Protected Trees". The individual tree RPZ is the dripline (6 feet minimum), unless otherwise delineated by WFCI in the field and described in the attached tree list (Attachment 3). If approved, the silt-fence could double as the tree protection fence for select off-site trees. Tree protection fences should be placed around the edge of the root protection zone (RPZ). The fence should be erected after logging but prior to the start of clearing. The fences should be maintained until the start of the landscape installation. There should be no equipment activity (including rototilling) within the root protection zone. No irrigation lines, trenches, or other utilities should be installed within the RPZ. Cuts or fills should impact no more than 20% of a tree’s root system. If topsoil is added to the root zone of a protected tree, the depth should not exceed 2 inches of a sandy loam or loamy fine sand topsoil and should not cover more than 20% of the root system. If roots are encountered outside the RPZ during construction, they should be cut cleanly with a saw and covered immediately with moist soil. Noxious vegetation within the root protection zone should be removed by hand. If a proposed save tree must be impacted by grading or fills more than allowed for by WFCI in the tree list, then the tree should be re-evaluated by WFCI to determine if the tree can be saved with mitigating measures, or if the tree should be removed. Pruning and Thinning Pruning should be done to coincide with land clearing, to facilitate clean-up and while access to the trees is available (before construction). All individual trees to be saved near or within developed areas should have their crowns raised to provide a minimum of 8 feet of ground clearance over sidewalks and landscape areas, 15 feet over parking lots or streets, and at least 10 feet of building clearance. Care will need to be taken to avoid trespassing when pruning offsite trees. This is best achieved by getting cooperation and permission from the tree owner. If no permission is obtained, then legally one cannot prune beyond the property line – ground to sky. All pruning should be done according to the ANSI A300 standards for proper pruning and be completed by an International Society of Arboriculture Certified Arborist® or be supervised by a Certified Arborist®. 3601 Lincoln Avenue NE – Preliminary Tree Protection Plan Washington Forestry Consultants, Inc. Page 7 Conclusions and Timeline for Activity 1. No trees outside of the critical area are proposed to be retained on the site. 2. The final, approved tree protection plan map should be included in the construction drawings for bid and construction of the project and should be labeled as such. 3. Stake and heavily flag the clearing limits. 4. Contact WFCI to attend pre-job conference and discuss tree protection issues with contractors. WFCI can verify all trees to be saved and/or removed are adequately marked. 5. Conduct logging. Complete necessary hazard tree removals and invasive plant removals from the tree protection areas. No equipment should enter the tree protection areas during logging. 6. Before land clearing is complete, do all necessary pruning on save trees and off-site trees to provided new home clearances. 7. Contact WFCI to inspect the tree tracts after logging, but prior to land clearing to identify any additional hazard trees that should be removed. 8. Install tree protection fences along the 'limits of construction'. The fences should be located at the limits of construction or at the dripline of the save tree or as otherwise specified by WFCI. Maintain fences throughout construction. 9. Complete clearing of the project. 10. Do not excavate stumps within 10’ of trees to be saved. These should be individually evaluated by WFCI to determine the method of removal. 11. Complete grading and construction of the project. 12. Contact WFCI to final inspect the tree protection areas after grading. 13. All save trees within reach of targets should be inspected annually for 2 years by a qualified professional forester retained by the homeowner’s association, and bi-annually thereafter. The purpose of these inspections is to identify trees that develop problems due to changing micro-site conditions and to prescribe cultural care or removal. 3601 Lincoln Avenue NE – Preliminary Tree Protection Plan Washington Forestry Consultants, Inc. Page 8 Summary The City of Renton Municipal Code calls for 1 of the healthy, significant trees and 17.0 tree credits be retained on the site. Based on the current site plan no trees will be retained because all healthy, significant trees in the buildable area are under the footprint of proposed improvements. An additional 30 trees will be required to replace the 30% significant tree requirement and tree credit shortfall. Please give us a call if you have any questions. Respectfully submitted, Washington Forestry Consultants, Inc. Galen M. Wright, ACF, ASCA Joshua Sharpes ISA Bd. Certified Master Arborist PN-129BU Professional Forester Certified Forester No. 44 ISA Certified Arborist®, ISA Tree Risk Assessor Qualified Urban Forest Professional, PN- 5939AM ASCA Tree and Plant Appraisal Qualified ISA Tree Risk Assessor Qualified 3601 Lincoln Avenue NE – Preliminary Tree Protection Plan Washington Forestry Consultants, Inc. Page 9 Attachment 1. Aerial Photo of 3601 Lincoln Avenue NE Site (2023 King County) Parcel Area Boundary Critical Area Healthy Tree Unhealthy Tree Off-Site Tree 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 3601 Lincoln Avenue NE – Preliminary Tree Protection Plan Washington Forestry Consultants, Inc. Page 10 Attachment 2. 3601 Lincoln Avenue NE Site Plan Project Area Boundary Tree Protection Fence Location 3601 Lincoln Avenue NE – Preliminary Tree Protection Plan Washington Forestry Consultants, Inc. Page 11 Attachment 3. List of Trees on 3601 Lincoln Avenue NE Trees in Critical Area Off-site Tree Tree # Species DBH (in.) Calculated DBH (in.) Condition Average Dripline (feet) Landmark Tree Save Based on Condition Alone? Yes or No Tree Protection Zone (feet) Project Plan. Save or Remove Tree Credits Comment 1 Callery Pear 11 Fair 10 Yes 10 Remove 5 topped for powerline 2 Callery Pear 9 Fair 10 Yes 10 Remove 4 topped for powerline 3 Callery Pear 9 Fair 10 Yes 10 Remove 4 topped for powerline 4 Callery Pear 11 Fair 10 Yes 10 Remove 5 topped for powerline 5 Hawthorn 12 Good 12 Yes 12 Remove 6 6 Western Hemlock 13, 14 19 Good 16 Yes 16 Remove 8 7 Weeping Willow 41 Good 20 Yes Yes 30 Remove 13 8 Smoke Tree 8 Fair 8 Yes 8 Remove 4 9 Black Cottonwood 10, 11 15 Good 12 Yes 12 Remove 6 no # 10 Black Cottonwood 9 Good 10 Yes 10 Remove 4 no # 11 Bigleaf Maple 3 - 6 10 Poor 8 No 8 Remove 5 5 stem sprouted stump 12 Bigleaf Maple 6 Good 10 Yes 10 Remove 4 13 Bigleaf Maple 3 -5 12 Poor 10 No 10 Remove 5 8 stem sprouted stump 14 Bigleaf Maple 24 Good Yes Yes Save in steep slope critical area 15 Bigleaf Maple 18 Good Yes Save in steep slope critical area 16 Bigleaf Maple 17 Good Yes Save in steep slope critical area 17 Bigleaf Maple 9 Good Yes Save in steep slope critical area 18 Bigleaf Maple 9 Good Yes Save in steep slope critical area 3601 Lincoln Avenue NE – Preliminary Tree Protection Plan Washington Forestry Consultants, Inc. Page 12 Tree # Species DBH (in.) Calculated DBH (in.) Condition Average Dripline (feet) Landmark Tree Save Based on Condition Alone? Yes or No Tree Protection Zone (feet) Project Plan. Save or Remove Tree Credits Comment 19 Bigleaf Maple 20 Good Yes Save in steep slope critical area 20 Bigleaf Maple 14 Good Yes Save in steep slope critical area 21 Bigleaf Maple 34 Good Yes Yes Save in steep slope critical area 22 Bigleaf Maple 26 Good Yes Yes Save in steep slope critical area 23 Bigleaf Maple 14 Good Yes Save in steep slope critical area 24 Giant Sequoia 36 Good Yes Yes Save in steep slope critical area 25 Giant Sequoia 30 Good Yes Yes Save in steep slope critical area 26 Giant Sequoia 28 Good Yes Yes Save in steep slope critical area 27 Western Hemlock 24 Good Yes Yes Save in steep slope critical area 28 Western Hemlock 20 Good Yes Save in steep slope critical area 29 Noble Fir 12 Good Yes Save in steep slope critical area 3601 Lincoln Avenue NE – Preliminary Tree Protection Plan Washington Forestry Consultants, Inc. Page 13 Attachment 4. City of Renton Tree Retention and Credit Worksheet (3 pages) rentonwa.gov/permitcenter | planningcustomerservice@rentonwa.gov | 425-430-7294 10/6/2022 Page 1 of 3 CITY OF RENTON Ι PERMIT CENTER TREE RETENTION AND CREDIT WORKSHEET TREE RETENTION REQUIREMENTS A minimum retention of thirty percent (30%) of all significant trees (as defined in RMC 4-11-200) is required on site. Please complete the form below to verify compliance with minimum tree retention requirements. • Identify total number of trees 6-inch caliper or greater (or alder or cottonwood trees 8-inch caliper or greater) on site: Trees Trees Trees Trees Trees Trees Required Trees Proposed •Deductions – Certain trees are excluded from the retention calculation: o Trees that are high-risk, as defined in RMC 4-11-200: o Trees within existing and proposed public right-of-way: o Trees within wetlands, streams, very high landslide hazards, protected slopes, and associated buffers: •Total remaining trees after deductions: •Required tree retention (30%): •Identify number of trees proposed for retention: •Identify number of trees requested for replacement in lieu of retention (skip page 3 if no tree replacement is requested):Trees TREE CREDIT REQUIREMENTS Tree credit requirements apply at a minimum rate of thirty (30) credits per net acre. Complete the form below to determine minimum tree credit requirements. •Gross area of property in square feet: Square Feet •Deductions: Certain areas are excluded from tree credit calculation: o Existing and proposed public right-of-way: Square Feet o Wetlands, streams, very high landslide hazards, protected slopes, and associated buffers: Square Feet •Total excluded area:Square Feet •Net land area (after deductions) in square feet:Square Feet •Net land area (after deductions) in acres:Acres •Required tree credits:Tree Credits Required rentonwa.gov/permitcenter | planningcustomerservice@rentonwa.gov | 425-430-7294 10/6/2022 Page 2 of 3 TREE RETENTION AND CREDIT WORKSHEET PROPOSED TREE CREDITS Please complete the table below to calculate the total tree credits proposed for your project. Identify the quantity of trees for each tree category, after deducting trees within excluded areas, as shown in the previous section. TREE SIZE TREE CREDITS TREE QUANTITY TOTAL TREE CREDITS RETAINED TREES Preserved tree 6 – 9” caliper 4 Preserved tree 10 – 12” caliper 5 Preserved tree 12 – 15” caliper 6 Preserved tree 16 – 18” caliper 7 Preserved tree 19 – 21” caliper 8 Preserved tree 22 – 24” caliper 9 Preserved tree 25 – 28” caliper 10 Preserved tree 29 – 32” caliper 11 Preserved tree 33 – 36” caliper 12 Preserved tree 37” caliper and greater 13 NEW TREES New small species tree (30' or less at maturity) 0.25 New medium species tree (30' to 50' at maturity) 1 New large species tree (50' or more at maturity) 2 TREE CREDITS PROPOSED: rentonwa.gov/permitcenter | planningcustomerservice@rentonwa.gov | 425-430-7294 10/6/2022 Page 3 of 3 TREE RETENTION AND CREDIT WORKSHEET TREE REPLACEMENT JUSTIFICATION Replacement may be authorized as an alternative to 30% retention provided the removal is the minimum necessary to accomplish the desired purpose and provided the proposal meets one of the following options: a. There are special circumstances related to the size, shape, topography, location, or surroundings of the subject property; or b. The strict application of the code would prevent reasonable use of property; or c. The strict application of the code would prevent compliance with minimum density requirements of the zone; or d. The project is a short plat with four (4) or fewer lots. Please attach a written justification demonstrating compliance with the requirements and criteria as descripted above. TREE REPLACEMENT QUANTITY Tree replacement quantity is determined based on the credit value of the trees proposed for removal. Larger, higher priority trees shall be used for calculation of tree replacement. Identify the quantity of each tree requested to be removed in lieu of 30% retention, based on tree size. List the identification number of each tree, as indicated in the arborist report. TREE SIZE TREE CREDITS TREE QUANTITY TREE INDENTIFICATION # TOTAL TREE CREDITS Tree 37” caliper + 13 Tree 33 – 36” caliper 12 Tree 29 – 32” caliper 11 Tree 25 – 28” caliper 10 Tree 22 – 24” caliper 9 Tree 19 – 21” caliper 8 Tree 16 – 18” caliper 7 Tree 12 – 15” caliper 6 Tree 10 – 12” caliper 5 Tree 6 – 9” caliper 4 REPLACEMENT CREDITS REQUIRED: TREE REPLACEMENT PLANTING Identify the quantity of proposed new replacement trees (minimum size of 2-inch caliper). The total replacement credits proposed should be equal to or greater than the replacement credits required, as shown in the previous section. TREE SIZE TREE CREDITS TREE QUANTITY TOTAL TREE CREDITS New small species tree (30' or less at maturity) 0.25 New medium species tree (30' to 50' at maturity) 1 New large species tree (50' or more at maturity) 2 REPLACEMENT CREDITS PROPOSED: 3601 Lincoln Avenue NE – Preliminary Tree Protection Plan Washington Forestry Consultants, Inc. Page 14 Attachment 5. Individual Tree Rating Key for Tree Condition RATING SYMBOL DEFINITION Very Good VG • Balanced crown that is characteristic of the species • Normal lateral and terminal branch growth rates for the species and soil type • Stem sound, normal bark vigor • No root problems • No insect or disease problems • Long-term, attractive tree Good G • Crown lacking symmetry but nearly balanced • Normal lateral and terminal branch growth rates for the species and soil type • Minor twig dieback O.K. • Stem sound, normal bark vigor • No root problems • No or minor insect or disease problems – insignificant • Long-term tree Fair F • Crown lacking symmetry due to branch loss • Slow lateral and terminal branch growth rates for the species and soil type • Minor and major twig dieback – starting to decline • Stem partly unsound, slow diameter growth and low bark vigor • Minor root problems • Minor insect or disease problems • Short-term tree 10-30 years RATING SYMBOL DEFINITION Poor P • Major branch loss – unsymmetrical crown • Greatly reduced growth • Several structurally import dead or branch scaffold branches • Stem has bark loss and significant decay with poor bark vigor • Root damage • Insect or disease problems – remedy required • Short-term tree 1-10 years Very Poor VP • Lacking adequate live crown for survival and growth • Severe decline • Minor and major twig dieback • Stem unsound, bark sloughing, previous stem or large branch failures, very poor bark vigor • Severe root problems or disease • Major insect or disease problems • Mortality expected within the next few years Dead DEAD • Dead 3601 Lincoln Avenue NE – Preliminary Tree Protection Plan Washington Forestry Consultants, Inc. Page 15 Cultural Care Needs: ABBRV. ACTIVITY DESCRIPTION CC Crown Cleaning Pruning of dead, dying, diseased, damaged, or defective branches over 1/2 inch in diameter –includes removal of dead tops CT Crown Thinning Pruning of branches described in crown cleaning, plus thinning of up to 20% of the live branches over ½ inch diameter. Branch should be 1/3 to ½ the diameter of the lateral branch. Thinning should be well distributed throughout crown of tree, and should release healthy, long-term branches. RC Crown Reduction Reduction of the crown of a tree by pruning to lateral branches. Generally used to remove declining branches or to lighten end weight on long branches. CR Crown Raising Pruning of lower branches to remove deadwood or to provide ground or building clearances. RMV Remove Remove tree due to decline or hazardous conditions that cannot be mitigated by pruning. RS Remove Sprouts Remove basal sprouts from stem of tree. Rep Replace Tree is small – is in decline or dead. Replace with suitable tree species. HT Hazard Tree Tree is hazardous and cannot be mitigated by pruning. Recommendation is to remove tree. None No Work No work necessary at this time. 3601 Lincoln Avenue NE – Preliminary Tree Protection Plan Washington Forestry Consultants, Inc. Page 16 Attachment 6. Description of Tree Evaluation Methodology The evaluation of the tree condition on this site included the visual assessment of: 1. Live-crown ratio, 2. Lateral and terminal branch growth rates, 3. Presence of dieback in minor and major scaffold branches and twigs, 4. Foliage color, 5. Stem soundness and other structural defects, 6. Visual root collar examination, 7. Presence of insect or disease problems. 8. Windfirmness if tree removal will expose this tree to failure. In cases where signs of internal defect or disease were suspected, a core sample was taken to look for stain, decay, and diameter growth rates. Also, root collars were exposed to look for the presence of root disease. In all cases, the overall appearance of the tree was considered relative to its ability to add value to either an individual lot or the entire subdivision. Also, the scale of the tree and its proximity to both proposed and existing houses was considered. Lastly, the potential for incorporation into the project design is evaluated, as well as potential site plan modifications that may allow otherwise removed tree(s) to be both saved and protected in the development. Trees that are preserved in a development must be carefully selected to make sure that they can survive construction impacts, adapt to a new environment, and perform well in the landscape. Healthy, vigorous trees are better able to tolerate impacts such as root injury, changes in soils moisture regimes, and soil compaction than are low vigor trees. Structural characteristics are also important in assessing suitability. Trees with significant decay and other structural defects that cannot be treated are likely to fail. Such trees should not be preserved in areas where damage to people or property could occur. Trees that have developed in a forest stand are adapted to the close, dense conditions found in such stands. When surrounding trees are removed during clearing and grading, the remaining trees are exposed to extremes in wind, temperature, solar radiation, which causes sunscald, and other influences. Young, vigorous trees with well-developed crowns are best able to adapt to these changing site conditions. 3601 Lincoln Avenue NE – Preliminary Tree Protection Plan Washington Forestry Consultants, Inc. Page 17 Attachment 7. Glossary of Forestry and Arboricultural Terminology DBH: Diameter at Breast Height (measured 4.5 ft. above the ground line on the high side of the tree). Live Crown Ratio: Ratio of live foliage on the stem of the tree. Example: A 100’ tall tree with 40 feet of live crown would have a 40% live crown ratio. Conifers with less than 30% live crown ratio are generally not considered to be long-term trees in forestry. Crown: Portion of a trees stem covered by live foliage. Crown Position: Position of the crown with respect to other trees in the stand. Dominant Crown Position: Receives light from above and from the sides. Codominant Crown Position: Receives light from above and some from the sides. Intermediate Crown Position: Receives little light from above and none from the sides. Trees tend to be slender with poor live crown ratios. Suppressed Crown Position: Receives no light from above and none from the sides. Trees tend to be slender with poor live crown ratios. 3601 Lincoln Avenue NE – Preliminary Tree Protection Plan Washington Forestry Consultants, Inc. Page 18 Attachment 8. Tree Protection Fence Detail 6 ft. Temporary Chain Link Fence NO TRESPASSING - Protected Trees 3601 Lincoln Avenue NE – Preliminary Tree Protection Plan Washington Forestry Consultants, Inc. Page 19 Attachment 9. Assumptions and Limiting Conditions 1) Any legal description provided to the Washington Forestry Consultants, Inc. is assumed to be correct. Any titles and ownership's to any property are assumed to be good and marketable. No responsibility is assumed for matters legal in character. Any and all property is appraised or evaluated as though free and clear, under responsible ownership and competent management. 2) It is assumed that any property is not in violation of any applicable codes, ordinances, statutes, or other governmental regulations, unless otherwise stated. 3) Care has been taken to obtain all information from reliable sources. All data has been verified insofar as possible; however, Washington Forestry Consultants, Inc. can neither guarantee nor be responsible for the accuracy of information. 4) Washington Forestry Consultants, Inc. shall not be required to give testimony or to attend court by reason of this report unless subsequent contractual arrangements are made, including payment of an additional fee for such services as described in the fee schedule and contract of engagement. 5) Loss or alteration of any part of this report invalidated the entire report. 6) Possession of this report or a copy thereof does not imply right of publication or use for any purpose by any other than the person to whom it is addressed, without the prior expressed written or verbal consent of Washington Forestry Consultants, Inc. 7) Neither all or any part of the contents of this report, nor copy thereof, shall be conveyed by anyone, including the client, to the public through advertising, public relations, news, sales or other media, without the prior expressed written or verbal consent of Washington Forestry Consultants, Inc. -- particularly as to value conclusions, identity of Washington Forestry Consultants, Inc., or any reference to any professional society or to any initialed designation conferred upon Washington Forestry Consultants, Inc. as stated in its qualifications. 8) This report and any values expressed herein represent the opinion of Washington Forestry Consultants, Inc., and the fee is in no way contingent upon the reporting of a specified value, a stipulated result, the occurrence neither of a subsequent event, nor upon any finding in to reported. 9) Sketches, diagrams, graphs, and photographs in this report, being intended as visual aids, are not necessarily to scale and should not be construed as engineering or architectural reports or surveys. 10) Unless expressed otherwise: 1) information contained in this report covers only those items that were examined and reflects the condition of those items at the time of inspection; and 2) the inspection is limited to visual examination of accessible items without dissection, excavation, probing, or coring. There is no warranty or guarantee, expressed or implied, that problems or deficiencies of the tree or other plant or property in question may not arise in the future. Note: Even healthy trees can fail under normal or storm conditions. The only way to eliminate all risk is to remove all trees within reach of all targets. Annual inspections by an ISA Certified Arborist or Certified Forester will reduce the potential of tree failures. It is impossible to predict with certainty that a tree will stand or fail, or the timing of the failure. It is considered an ‘Act of God’ when a tree fails, unless it is directly felled or pushed over by man’s actions.