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HomeMy WebLinkAboutCAE_Pinnacle_Lake_Washington_Hazard_Tree_Removal_Signed_20220318DEPARTMENT OF COMMUNITY AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT D_Pinnacle Hazard Tree Removal_v1 PLANNING DIVISION CERTIFICATE OF EXEMPTION FROM CRITICAL AREAS REGULATIONS EVALUATION FORM & DECISION DATE OF DECISION: March 18, 2022 PROJECT NUMBER: LUA22-000088 CAE PROJECT NAME: Pinnacle on Lake Washington Hazard Tree Removal PROJECT MANAGER: Brittany Gillia, Assistant Planner APPLICANT/CONTACT: Peter Lynch, Essex Property Trust 1400 Lake Washington Blvd N Renton, WA 98056 OWNER: Essex Property Trust 11911 NE 1st St Bellevue, WA 98005 PROJECT LOCATION: 1400 Lake Washington Blvd N PROJECT DESCRIPTION: The applicant, Essex Property Trust, is requesting approval of a Critical Areas Exemption for the removal of six (6) dangerous trees located in a cluster near the center of the Pinnacle on Lake Washington Apartment complex located at 1400 Lake Washington Blvd (APN 3344500390). The subject parcel is located within the Residential Multi-Family (RM-F) zone and is approximately 961,834 square feet (22.08 acres). According to the submitted materials, the subject trees are located on the top of a failing slope located between several multi-family structures and associated parking areas and are rated as a high risk if left unaddressed. An arborist report prepared by Scott Selby of Savatree Consulting Group dated March 15th, 2022 (Attachment A) was submitted with the project application. According to the report, the trees proposed for removal have been affected by the recent landslide and consist of three (3) Black Cottonwood (Populus trichoparpa) trees (ID# 49, 50, 52) and three (3) Douglas Fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) trees (ID# 47, 48, 51) located in geotechnically hazardous areas in the center of the residential site. Due to the severe undermining of the fir trees as a result of slope failure and the resulting root damage, the arborist recommends having the fir trees felled into the adjacent slope with the resulting debris left in place to help stabilize the bank. The fir trees are recommended to be cut to short stumps with roots left in place. The arborist notes that the cottonwood trees appear to be safe to climb and recommends having the trees cut to 10’ wildlife snags. The removal of the cottonwood trees would generate a significant amount of debris that may result in a fire hazard, and so Selby recommends removing and chipping the limbs of the trees and leaving the wood in place to reinforce the slope. DocuSign Envelope ID: 14857156-2A22-49DC-97F3-3B8B76EA04A8 City of Renton Department of Community & Economic Development Certificate of Exemption From Critical Areas Regulations Pinnacle on Lake Washington Hazard Tree Removal LUA22-000088 CAE Permit Date: March 18, 2022 Page 2 of 4 D_Pinnacle Hazard Tree Removal_v1 The site is mapped with High Erosion Hazards, High Landslide Hazards, Regulated Slopes (>40% & <=90%), and Wellfield Protection Areas (Zone 2, Wellfield 5A). A geotechnical report prepared by Zipper Geo Associates, LLC dated March 16, 2022 (Attachment B) was submitted with the project materials. The report provides analysis regarding the feasibility of removing the dangerous trees while maintaining the existing stability of the site slopes based on their review of the arborist report and findings observed at the site. The report states that the removal plan proposed by the arborist is feasible from a geotechnical perspective and will not increase the potential for soil movement and the risk of damage to existing site improvements, however, erosion occurring on the slope will continue whether the subject trees are present or not. Due to the anticipated decomposition of the root systems left behind after removal, Zipper Geo Associates recommends planting replacement trees at a 1:2 ratio to replace the three (3) fir trees and for the project arborist to inspect the cottonwood snags after an appropriate time to verify if the trees have survived and have healthy roots or if the trees have died. If a cottonwood tree is found to be dead or dying, it is recommended that at least two (2) new trees and/or woody shrubs be planted in its place. The report continues to state that the tree cutting process will likely result in disturbance of the ground surface and cause a temporary increase in the potential for erosion. The project engineer recommends that exposed soils be hydroseeded shortly after the hazardous tree maintenance is complete to reduce the risk of erosion. Lastly, the report states that retention of the woody debris is feasible if the smaller limbs and branches are removed from the remains and they are placed and oriented in a manner that prevents the material from rolling down slopes. CRITICAL AREA: High Erosion Hazards, High Landslide Hazards, Regulated Slopes (>40% & <=90%), and Wellfield Protection Areas (Zone 2, Wellfield 5A) EXEMPTION JUSTIFICATION: Renton Municipal Code, Section 4-3-050C.3.c.iii. Dangerous Trees: Removal of non-native invasive ground cover or weeds listed by King County Noxious Weed Board or other government agency or dangerous trees, as defined in Chapter 4-11 RMC which have been approved by the City and certified dangerous by a licensed landscape architect, or certified arborist, selection of whom to be approved by the City based on the type of information required. Limited to cutting of dangerous trees; such hazardous trees shall be retained as large woody debris in critical areas and/or associated buffers, where feasible. FINDINGS: The proposed development is consistent with the following findings pursuant to RMC section 4-3-050C.2.d: i. The activity is not prohibited by this or any other provision of the Renton Municipal Code or State or Federal law or regulation; Staff Comment: Removal of dangerous trees within geologic hazard areas, wellhead protection areas and their respective buffers is permitted with a letter of exemption pursuant to RMC 4-3-050C.2. ii. The activity will be conducted using best management practices as specified by industry standards or applicable Federal agencies or scientific principles; Staff Comment: According to the arborist report (Attachment A), the project arborist recommends reducing the fir trees to small stumps, reducing the cottonwood trees to 10’ wildlife snags, and retaining the existing root structures that currently provide some soil stabilization. The project arborist and project geotechnical engineer both recommend retaining the remains of the trees to become woody debris that aid in slope DocuSign Envelope ID: 14857156-2A22-49DC-97F3-3B8B76EA04A8 City of Renton Department of Community & Economic Development Certificate of Exemption From Critical Areas Regulations Pinnacle on Lake Washington Hazard Tree Removal LUA22-000088 CAE Permit Date: March 18, 2022 Page 3 of 4 D_Pinnacle Hazard Tree Removal_v1 stabilization. In depth analysis was provided (Attachment B) regarding the effects of root systems on steep slopes and it has been recommended that long term maintenance and monitoring be performed by an arborist to ensure the trees on site are in good health to promote slope stabilization through healthy root systems. The project engineer recommends that the trees and/or woody shrubs be planted at least 10 feet east of the bluff edge and that the plant species shall be picked based on site specific conditions by the project arborist. Staff concurs with the recommendations of the arborist and engineer and recommends as a condition of approval that a project arborist shall be retained to provide site specific recommendations on debris placement, replacement tree species and location, and to perform site inspections to ensure the vegetation is healthy and performing as slope stability for the geologic hazard area. iii. Impacts are minimized and, where applicable, disturbed areas are immediately restored; Staff Comment: Soil disturbance as a result of the tree removals would pose an increased risk of erosion. As a recommendation from the geotechnical engineer, loose soil left on site should be hydroseeded after the work is complete to promote slope stabilization and revegetation. Staff concurs with the recommendation. iv. Where water body or buffer disturbance has occurred in accordance with an exemption during construction or other activities, revegetation with native vegetation shall be required; Staff Comment: The dangerous trees that are proposed for removal have been damaged due to a land slide that is not known to be a result of construction activities. Revegetation to promote slope stabilization has been recommended by the project engineer. Staff concurs and recommends as a condition of approval that the project arborist shall pick native tree and/or shrub species for replanting that are selected to optimize root mass spread and penetration while minimizing the weight and sail area of the mature plants. v. If a hazardous material, activity, and/or facility that is exempt pursuant to this Section has a significant or substantial potential to degrade groundwater quality, then the Administrator may require compliance with the Wellhead Protection Area requirements of this Section otherwise relevant to that hazardous material, activity, and/or facility. Such determinations will be based upon site and/or chemical-specific data. Staff Comment: The subject property is within a delineated Wellhead Protection Zone (Zone 2, Wellfield 5A) as identified in the City’s 2019 Water System Utility Plan. No fill has been proposed to be brought on site. The dangerous trees and the retention of their debris for habitat and slope stabilization is not anticipated to degrade groundwater quality. DECISION: An exemption from the Critical Areas Regulations is hereby Approved with Conditions* and subject to the following conditions: 1. The applicant shall follow all recommendations and best practices set forth by the project arborist and project geotechnical engineer as provided in the submitted arborist report (Attachment A) and geotechnical report (Attachment B). DocuSign Envelope ID: 14857156-2A22-49DC-97F3-3B8B76EA04A8 City of Renton Department of Community & Economic Development Certificate of Exemption From Critical Areas Regulations Pinnacle on Lake Washington Hazard Tree Removal LUA22-000088 CAE Permit Date: March 18, 2022 Page 4 of 4 D_Pinnacle Hazard Tree Removal_v1 2. The applicant shall retain a project arborist to advise and oversee the dangerous tree removals as needed and to provide site specific recommendations on debris placement, replacement tree species and planting locations. 3. The project arborist shall pick native tree and/or shrub species for replanting that are selected to optimize root mass spread and penetration while minimizing the weight and sail area of the mature plants. A list of replacement plants shall be sent to the Current Planning Project Manager for review and approval prior to planting. 4. The project arborist shall perform a site inspection after all work has been completed to assess the health and survival of the remaining cottonwood snags and new plantings affecting the slope where the dangerous trees have been removed. An arborist report shall be submitted to the Current Planning Project Manager including findings, analysis and recommendations to ensure the project is performing sufficiently and meeting recommendations set forth in the initial arborist and geotechnical reports. The arborist report must be submitted by September 16, 2022 or as determined by the Current Planning Project Manager. SIGNATURE & DATE OF DECISION: ________________________________________ ____________________________________ Vanessa Dolbee, Planning Director Date RECONSIDERATION: Within 14 days of the decision date, any party may request that the decision be reopened by the approval body. The approval body may modify his decision if material evidence not readily discoverable prior to the original decision is found or if he finds there was misrepresentation of fact. After review of the reconsideration request, if the approval body finds sufficient evidence to amend the original decision, there will be no further extension of the appeal period. Any person wishing to take further action must file a formal appeal within the 14-day appeal time frame. APPEALS: This administrative land use decision will become final if not appealed in writing to the Hearing Examiner on or before 5:00 PM on April 1, 2022. An appeal of the decision must be filed within the 14-day appeal period (RCW 43.21.C.075(3); WAC 197-11-680). Due to Governor Jay Inslee’s Proclamation 20-25 (“Stay Home, Stay Healthy”), the City Clerk’s Office is working remotely. For that reason, appeals must be submitted electronically to the City Clerk at cityclerk@rentonwa.gov. The appeal fee, normally due at the time an appeal is submitted, will be collected at a future date. Appeals to the Hearing Examiner are governed by RMC 4-8-110 and additional information regarding the appeal process may be obtained from the City Clerk’s Office, cityclerk@rentonwa.gov. If the situation changes such that the City Clerk’s Office is open when you file your appeal, you have the option of filing the appeal in person. EXPIRATION: Five (5) years from the date of decision (date signed). Attachments: Arborist Report, Geotechnical Report DocuSign Envelope ID: 14857156-2A22-49DC-97F3-3B8B76EA04A8 3/18/2022 | 12:25 PM PDT Date: March 15, 2022 To: Peter Lynch, Service Manager – Essex Property Trust Subject: Hazard Trees Location: 1400 Lake Washington Blvd (Pinnacle on Lake Washington Apts) From: Scott Selby, Registered Consulting Arborist #749, Board Certified Master Arborist #PN- 1775B, ISA Tree Risk Assessment Qualified Peter: Overview At your request, I visited the Pinnacle on Lake Washington site March 14th to evaluate trees of concern. A recent landslide resulted in significant undermining of three Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) trees and resulted in burying the root crowns of two large black cottonwood (Populus trichocarpa) trees and exposing the root crown of one other large black cottonwood. A very broad swath of soil was released as well as a large intact block of soil. You had a geotech visit the site to assess the condition of the slope and trees undermined. You indicated the geotech recommended removal of the fir trees due to the precarious placement at the top of the slope and the potential for failure of the trees to impact targets (structures or parked cars) at the base of the slope. During my site visit, I noted the three cottonwood trees mid slope downhill from the fir trees and located in the middle of the slide area. The demonstrated instability of the slope and the potential for the cottonwood trees to impact the same targets in the event of failure represents an imminent risk. Risk Assessment Tree risk assessment involves qualitative analysis of several factors including the Likelihood of Failure, Likelihood of Impacting Target, and Consequences of Failure (likelihood of injury or damage). The two tables that follow are from the International Society of Arboriculture Tree Risk Assessment Form and are the current standard for assessing tree risk. Matrix 1. Likelihood Matrix Likelihood of Failure Likelihood of Impacting Target Very low Low Medium High Imminent Unlikely Somewhat Likely Likely Very Likely Probable Unlikely Unlikely Somewhat likely Likely Possible Unlikely Unlikely Unlikely Somewhat Likely Improbable Unlikely Unlikely Unlikely Unlikely ATTACHMENT A RECEIVED 03/17/2022 BGillia PLANNING DIVISION DocuSign Envelope ID: 14857156-2A22-49DC-97F3-3B8B76EA04A8 Matrix 2. Risk Rating Matrix Likelihood of Failure & Impact Consequences of Failure Negligible Minor Significant Severe Very Likely Low Moderate High Extreme Likely Low Moderate High High Somewhat Likely Low Low Moderate Moderate Unlikely Low Low Low Low I rate all six trees as follows: the Likelihood of Failure as Probable, the Likelihood of Impacting Target as High and the Consequences of Failure as Severe = HIGH Risk Rating. Recommendation Due to the potential for all six trees to impact targets in the event of failure and the imminent nature of the situation due to failure of the slope, I recommend all six trees be removed without delay. Tree Removal Plan Due to the sever undermining of the fir trees as a result of slope failure, these trees are unsafe to climb and dismantle. Safety dictates the trees be felled into the adjacent slope with the resulting debris left in place to help stabilize the bank. Activity along the slide area should be kept to a minimum to avoid destabilizing the slope further. The trees will be cut to short stumps with the roots left in place. The cottonwood trees appear safe to climb and will be cut to a short snag height of approximately 10 feet. The removal of these trees will generate a significant amount of debris which could represent a fire hazard if left in place. Consequently, the wood will be left in place to help hold the slope, but the limbs will be removed and chipped. Please let me know if you have any questions about this report. Scott Selby, Account Manager SavATree 206.849.4718 sselby@savatree.com ATTACHMENT A DocuSign Envelope ID: 14857156-2A22-49DC-97F3-3B8B76EA04A8 ATTACHMENT A DocuSign Envelope ID: 14857156-2A22-49DC-97F3-3B8B76EA04A8 47 ATTACHMENT A DocuSign Envelope ID: 14857156-2A22-49DC-97F3-3B8B76EA04A8 slide area ATTACHMENT A DocuSign Envelope ID: 14857156-2A22-49DC-97F3-3B8B76EA04A8 4950 52 Targets ATTACHMENT A DocuSign Envelope ID: 14857156-2A22-49DC-97F3-3B8B76EA04A8 49 50 ATTACHMENT A DocuSign Envelope ID: 14857156-2A22-49DC-97F3-3B8B76EA04A8 49 5052 ATTACHMENT A DocuSign Envelope ID: 14857156-2A22-49DC-97F3-3B8B76EA04A8 GEOTECHNICAL EVALUATION OF HAZARD TREE MANAGEMENT PLAN Pinnacles on Lake Washington 1400 Lake Washington Boulevard North Renton, Washington Project No. 1716.00 March 16, 2022 Prepared for: Essex Property Trust, Inc. Prepared by: Zipper Geo Associates, LLC Geotechnical and Environmental Consultants 19019 36th Avenue West, Suite E Lynnwood, WA 98036 ZGA Pinnacles Development ATTACHMENT B RECEIVED 03/17/2022 BGillia PLANNING DIVISION DocuSign Envelope ID: 14857156-2A22-49DC-97F3-3B8B76EA04A8 Zipper Geo Associates, LLC Geotechnical and Environmental Consulting 19019 36th Avenue West, Suite E Lynnwood, WA 98036 (425) 582-9928 Project Number 1716.00 March 16, 2022 Essex Property Trust, Inc. 1400 Lake Washington Boulevard North Renton, Washington 98056 plynch@essex.com Attention: Mr. Peter Lynch Subject: Geotechnical Evaluation of Hazard Tree Management Plan Pinnacles on Lake Washington 1400 Lake Washington Boulevard North Renton, Washington 98056 Dear Mr. Lynch, Zipper Geo Associates, LLC (ZGA) has completed a geotechnical evaluation of the Hazard Tree Management Plans prepared by Savatree Consulting Group for the Pinnacles on Lake Washington development located at 1400 Lake Washington Boulevard North in Renton, Washington. This report presents the findings of our document review and site reconnaissance, and our geotechnical recommendations for the project. Our services were completed as supplemental services in general accordance with our Short Form Agreement (Proposal No. P16303) dated October 21, 2016. We appreciate the opportunity to be of service to you on this project. If you have any questions concerning this report, or if we may be of further service, please contact us. Sincerely, Zipper Geo Associates LLC 3/16/22 3/16/22 James P. Georgis, L.E.G. Thomas A. Jones, P.E. Principal Senior Consultant Distribution: Addressee via email (1) ATTACHMENT B DocuSign Envelope ID: 14857156-2A22-49DC-97F3-3B8B76EA04A8 TABLE OF CONTENTS Table of Contents INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................. 1 SITE DESCRIPTION ....................................................................................................... 1 PROJECT UNDERSTANDING ....................................................................................... 1 GEOLOGIC SETTING .................................................................................................... 2 SITE RECONNAISSANCE ............................................................................................. 3 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS ............................................................... 3 General .................................................................................................................... 3 Trees 47, 48, and 51 ................................................................................................ 4 Trees 49, 50, and 52 ................................................................................................ 4 Geologic Hazard ECA Considerations .................................................................. 5 Planting Recommendations .................................................................................. 5 Temporary Erosion Control Considerations ........................................................ 6 Retention of Woody Material ................................................................................. 6 General Steep Slope Considerations .................................................................... 7 CLOSURE ....................................................................................................................... 7 FIGURES Figure 1 – Site Map APPENDICES Appendix A – March 15, 2022 Arborist Report, prepared by Savatree Consulting Group ATTACHMENT B DocuSign Envelope ID: 14857156-2A22-49DC-97F3-3B8B76EA04A8 GEOTECHNICAL EVALUATION OF HAZARD TREE MANAGEMENT PLAN PINNACLES ON LAKE WASHINGTON 1400 LAKE WASHINGTON BOULEVARD NORTH RENTON, WASHINGTON Project No. 1716.00 March 16, 2022 INTRODUCTION This report documents our geotechnical evaluation of the Hazard Tree Management Plan prepared by Savatree Consulting Group for the Pinnacles on Lake Washington development located at 1400 Lake Washington Boulevard North in Renton, Washington. The project description, site conditions, and our geotechnical conclusions and recommendations are presented in the text of this report. The arborist report prepared by Savatree Consulting Group is presented in Appendix A. SITE DESCRIPTION Pinnacles on Lake Washington (Pinnacles) is a multi-building, multi-family residential development located at 1400 Lake Washington Boulevard North in Renton, Washington. The Pinnacles development consists of two distinct areas. The upper portion of the development includes Buildings A through E and is accessed by a private drive off of Lake Washington Boulevard North. The upper portion of the development is constructed on a relatively level bench located on a moderately steep to steep west-facing slope. In the central portion of the development (Building C), the slope extends down from the I-405 freeway to an off-site multi- family residential building. In the northern portion of the development (Buildings D and E), the slope extends down from I-405 to the lower portion of the Pinnacles development (Buildings F through H). Buildings F through H are accessed via North 20th Street. The total relief between the upper Pinnacles development bench and the bottom of the steep west-facing slope is on the order of 100 feet. Portions of the steep west-facing slope include near vertical bluffs, some of which are up to 40 feet tall. The approximate site location, the location of the Pinnacles buildings, and approximate hazard tree locations are shown on the enclosed Site Map, Figure 1. PROJECT UNDERSTANDING The site is mapped by the City of Renton as containing Erosion Hazard, Steep Slope Hazard, and Landslide Hazard Environmental Critical Areas (ECAs). We understand that the City requires that a geotechnical evaluation of the Hazard Tree Management Plan be completed to assess the risk to regulated Geologic Hazard ECAs and their associated buffers, as defined in Part 4-3-050-G-5 of the City of Renton Municipal Code (RMC) that may result from the Hazard Tree Management Plan and provide recommendations to mitigate identified risks. Our understanding of the project is primarily based on a review of the following hazardous tree evaluation report and discussions with Essex Property Trust. • Hazard Trees, 1400 Lake Washington Blvd (Pinnacles on Lake Washington Apts), prepared by Savatree Consulting Group, dated March 15, 2022. ATTACHMENT B DocuSign Envelope ID: 14857156-2A22-49DC-97F3-3B8B76EA04A8 Zipper Geo Associates, LLC Pinnacles on Lake Washington Project No. 1716.00 March 16, 2022 Page 2 The Savatree Consulting Group report identifies a total of 6 hazard trees comprising two distinct site conditions, as summarized below. • Trees located at the edge of a near-vertical bluff that are a direct hazard to property and people: The report identifies three Douglas Fir hazard trees (Trees 47, 48, and 51) as being severely undermined by the site bluff with about half of their root system either missing or undercut. The report indicates the likelihood of tree failure as Probable, the likelihood of impacting targets as High, and the consequences of failure as severe, with an overall rating of High Risk. The report recommends that all three trees be cut to short stumps with their root systems left in place and wood debris left in place on the site slopes. The report does not indicate whether the three Douglas Fir trees are expected to survive the recommended cutting. ZGA contacted Mr. Scott Selby with Savatree Consulting Group on March 16, 2022 to inquire on the survivability of the Douglas Fir trees. Mr. Selby indicated that the trees are not expected to survive. • Trees located on a steep slope below the near-vertical bluff that are a direct hazard to property and people: The report identifies three Black Cottonwood hazard trees (Trees 49, 50, and 52) on the steep slope below the bluff. The report indicates the likelihood of tree failure as Probable, the likelihood of impacting targets as High, and the consequences of failure as severe, with an overall rating of High Risk. The report recommends that all three black Cottonwood trees be cut to a short snag height of about 10 feet, that the wood be left in place on the slopes, and that the limbs and smaller debris be removed and chipped. The report does not indicate whether the three Black Cottonwood trees are expected to survive the recommended cutting. ZGA contacted Mr. Scott Selby with Savatree Consulting Group on March 16, 2022 to inquire on the survivability of the Black Cottonwood trees. Mr. Selby indicated that Black Cottonwood trees sprout profusely after cutting and expected the trees and their root mass to survive the cutting. A copy of the referenced hazard tree report is enclosed with this geotechnical evaluation. The approximate locations of Trees 47 through 52 are presented on the Site Map, Figure 1, and in the Savatree Consulting Group report. Photographs of the trees are presented in Savatree Consulting Group report. GEOLOGIC SETTING We assessed the geologic setting of the site and surrounding vicinity by reviewing The Preliminary Geologic Map of Seattle and Vicinity, Washington, U.S. Geological Survey Map I-354, 1962. The publication maps the bench on which the upper portion of the Pinnacles development is located as being mantled by Quaternary age Vashon till (Qt). The Vashon till is generally described as a compact, unsorted mixture of sand, silt, clay, and gravel, and is commonly referred to as ATTACHMENT B DocuSign Envelope ID: 14857156-2A22-49DC-97F3-3B8B76EA04A8 Zipper Geo Associates, LLC Pinnacles on Lake Washington Project No. 1716.00 March 16, 2022 Page 3 “hardpan”. The lower portion of the steep slope and near vertical bluffs are mapped as older Quaternary clay till (Qcg). The older clay till is described as sand and gravel lenses in an older clay till. Both deposits have been glacially over-consolidated and are typically very dense in their undisturbed, unweathered condition. SITE RECONNAISSANCE We completed a reconnaissance of the identified hazard tree locations and immediate vicinity on March 10, 2022. The purpose of the reconnaissance was to identify surficial features of site conditions such as the presence or absence of groundwater seepage and surface erosion, indications of past slope instability, indications of past land use, the type and extent of existing vegetation, the location of trees identified for removal/pruning, and other site features that may be affected by the hazard tree management plan. The enclosed Site Map, Figure 1, shows the approximate location of the identified hazard trees. Our primary reconnaissance observations are present in the Conclusions and Recommendations section of this report. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS General The identified hazard trees appear to be located within Erosion Hazard, Steep Slope Hazard, and Landslide Hazard Environmental Critical Area (ECAs), or their associated buffers. As such, the Hazard Tree Management Plan must address the effect of the tree management plan on slope stability. In general, there are two primary mechanisms which help trees stabilize slopes; 1) mechanical reinforcement of the soil through roots, and 2) hydrologic effects (reduction of soil water content through interception and evaporation of precipitation and transpiration). Although the hydraulic effect of deciduous trees is greatly reduced in the winter (when the potential for slope instability is generally the highest) due to the reduction in interception (no leaves) and transpiration (trees are dormant). This winter reduction in the stabilizing effect of trees is much less pronounced in evergreen trees. It should be noted that large trees located on or near the crest of steep slopes or bluffs can contribute to slope instability through two primary mechanisms; 1) large trees exposed to wind can transmit that load through the root mass to the soil, thereby contributing to slope instability, and 2) the weight of the tree on the slope or at the crest of a bluff can contribute to slope instability. There is some debate in the scientific community regarding the relative contributions of these different factors to slope stability, but the general consensus appears to be that under most conditions the presence of well-rooted, healthy trees (in particular the bio-reinforcement they provide) results in a net improvement to slope stability. ATTACHMENT B DocuSign Envelope ID: 14857156-2A22-49DC-97F3-3B8B76EA04A8 Zipper Geo Associates, LLC Pinnacles on Lake Washington Project No. 1716.00 March 16, 2022 Page 4 Based on the results of our site reconnaissance, document review, and geotechnical analysis, it is our opinion that the proposed hazard tree maintenance plan is feasible from a geotechnical perspective. Provided that the conditions and recommendations contained within this report and the provisions of the Renton Municipal Code (RMC) are satisfied, it is our opinion that the proposed Hazard Tree Maintenance Plan will not increase the potential for soil movement and the risk of damage to existing structures, the site, and to adjacent properties from soil instability will not be increased. However, it should ne noted that the erosion and sloughing occurring on the steep slope will continue whether the subject trees are present or not. The following sections provide our conclusions and recommendations regarding the Hazard Tree Maintenance Plan at specific locations, and a discussion regarding City of Renton regulated ECAs. Trees 47, 48, and 51 These Douglas Fir trees are located west to southwest of Building D and above the carport and parking lot of the lower portion of the multi-family residential development. All three trees are located at the edge or within about 2 feet of the edge of a 15 to 25 foot tall near-vertical bluff. The bluff generally consists very dense, poorly sorted silty sand to sandy silt with variable gravel and cobble content interpreted as glacial till. The near vertical bluff undermines a significant portion of the root mass of all three trees. It is our opinion that the near-vertical glacial till bluff which has undermined these trees is marginally stable and the weight and wind loading effect of these trees could trigger a landslide resulting in down-slope deposition of soil and wood debris (which could potentially impact the carport area) and upslope regression of the bluff. In our opinion, cutting these trees to short stumps and leaving the root systems intact as generally recommended in the arborist report would retain the soil reinforcement of the root system in the short-term, while reducing the loading conditions promoting slope instability and result in a net short-term increase in slope stability. However, decomposition of the root systems over time could lessen the slope stabilization contribution of an intact root system. We therefore recommend that replacement trees be planted at a 2 to 1 ratio to mitigate this risk, as discussed in more detail below. We recommend that cut- wood be prevented from cascading down the near vertical bluff to the extent feasible, as this condition could contribute to erosion and instability. Trees 49, 50, and 52 These Black Cottonwood trees are located west to southwest of Building D and the near-vertical glacial till bluff and above the carport and parking lot of the lower portion of the multi-family residential development. These located on a 30- to 45-degree slope mantled by very loose to loose soil derived from a recent regression (failure) of the up-slope near-vertical glacial till bluff. In our opinion, cutting these trees back and allowing them to re-sprout thereby reducing their size and weight as recommended in the arborist reports would retain the soil reinforcement of the live ATTACHMENT B DocuSign Envelope ID: 14857156-2A22-49DC-97F3-3B8B76EA04A8 Zipper Geo Associates, LLC Pinnacles on Lake Washington Project No. 1716.00 March 16, 2022 Page 5 root system while reducing the loading conditions that contribute to slope instability. As such, a reduction in slope stability is not anticipated provided the trees survive the pruning. Geologic Hazard ECA Considerations The site is mapped by the City of Renton as containing Erosion Hazard, Steep Slope Hazard, and Landslide Hazard Environmental Critical Areas (ECAs). ZGA completed a geotechnical evaluation of the Hazard Tree Maintenance Plan to assess the risk to regulated Geologic Hazard ECAs and their associated buffers, as defined in Part 4-3-050-G-5 of the City of Renton Municipal Code (RMC) that may result from the planned maintenance and provide recommendations to mitigate identified risks. Part 4-3-050-C-3 of the RMC indicates that the removal/pruning of dangerous trees which have been approved by the City and certified dangerous by a licensed landscape architect or certified arborist is exempt from RMC ECA restrictions and may be permitted by the City. The following sections present our evaluation of Erosion Hazard, Steep Slope Hazard, and Landslide Hazard ECA’s relative to the Hazard Tree Removal/Pruning Plan. Erosion Hazard Areas: The City of Renton maps the planned hazard tree maintenance areas as Erosion Hazard ECA’s. Based on our document review and site reconnaissance, it is our opinion that the planned hazard tree maintenance areas meet the RMC Erosion Hazard Area criteria. Steep Slope Hazard Areas: The City of Renton maps the planned hazard tree maintenance areas as Steep Slope Hazard Areas with slope inclinations ranging from 25 to 40 percent slopes and 40 to 90 percent slopes. Based on our site reconnaissance, it is our opinion that the planned hazard tree maintenance areas meet the RMC Steep Slope Hazard Area criteria. Landslide Hazard Areas: The City of Renton maps the planned hazard tree maintenance areas as Moderate Severity Landslide Hazard Areas. Based on our document review and site reconnaissance observations, it is our opinion that the planned hazard tree maintenance areas meet the RMC Landslide Hazard Area criteria. Risk Evaluation Summary: Provided that the conditions and recommendations contained within this report and the provisions of the Renton Municipal Code (RMC) are satisfied, it is our opinion that the proposed Hazard Tree Maintenance Plan will not increase the potential for soil movement and the risk of damage to existing structures, the site, and to adjacent properties from soil instability will not be increased. Planting Recommendations The three Douglas Fir trees are not expected to survive the planned cutting. Research indicates that the soil reinforcing benefit of the root mass may only last three to nine years after a tree has died. We therefore recommend that that new trees be planted at replace the Douglas Fir trees ATTACHMENT B DocuSign Envelope ID: 14857156-2A22-49DC-97F3-3B8B76EA04A8 Zipper Geo Associates, LLC Pinnacles on Lake Washington Project No. 1716.00 March 16, 2022 Page 6 with a 2 to 1 replacement ratio. We recommend that the replacement trees and or woody shrubs be planted at least 10 feet behind (east of) the bluff edge. We recommend that the type of replacement trees and/or shrubs planted be determined by the project arborist based on the site conditions at the planting locations. We recommend that the replacement plantings be selected to optimize root mass spread and penetration while minimizing the weight and sail area of the mature plants. Based on our discussions with the project arborist, the Black Cottonwood trees and their root mass are expected to survive the planned cutting. However, it is possible that a tree may not re- sprout and may not survive. Based on our evaluation of the site conditions, it is our opinion that the decay of the root systems associated with cottonwood trees could result in a localized reduction in the stability of the slope. Therefore, we recommend that the project arborist inspect the cottonwood trees an appropriate time interval after cutting to verify that the trees are re- sprouting as intended and are recovering from the pruning process. If a tree is determined to be dead or dying, we recommend that at least two new trees and/or woody shrubs be planted in its place. We recommend that the type of replacement trees and/or shrubs planted be determined by the project arborist based on the site conditions at the planting locations. We recommend that the replacement plantings be selected to optimize root mass spread and penetration while minimizing the weight and sail area of the mature plants. Temporary Erosion Control Considerations We anticipate that the tree cutting process will likely result in disturbance of the ground surface and a temporary increase in the potential for erosion. We therefore recommend that the tree removal service utilize means and methods intended to minimize ground disturbance. The steep slope located between the near vertical glacial till bluff and the lower parking lot is mantled by about 6 to 18 inches of loose soil derived from a recent regression (failure) of the near vertical glacial till bluff. These soils are near their angle of repose and very susceptible to erosion. We recommend that these exposed soils by hydroseeded shortly after the hazard tree maintenance to reduce the potential for erosion and promote revegetation. We recommend that the hydroseed be applied in accordance with the manufacturer’s directions using a native seed mix appropriate for the site conditions. Retention of Woody Material It appears geotechnically feasible to retain much of the woody debris generated from the hazard tree maintenance as habitat enhancement within wooded portions of the site. However, we recommend that woody material be placed and oriented in a manner that will prevent the material from rolling down slopes. We further recommend that smaller limbs, branches, and foliage be removed as necessary to prevent the debris from smothering the existing ground cover. ATTACHMENT B DocuSign Envelope ID: 14857156-2A22-49DC-97F3-3B8B76EA04A8 Zipper Geo Associates, LLC Pinnacles on Lake Washington Project No. 1716.00 March 16, 2022 Page 7 General Steep Slope Considerations Owners of properties containing or adjacent to steep slopes should recognize that soil loss or downslope displacement from steep slopes is a naturally occurring mass wasting process, and that some soil loss from steep slopes should be expected over time, particularly in response to episodic severe storm events. The conclusions and recommendations presented in this report are intended to allow for the cutting/removal of hazard trees while maintaining the existing stability of the site slopes. The findings presented in this report should not be interpreted as indicating that the site steep slopes will be stable under all possible future conditions. CLOSURE This report has been prepared for the exclusive use of Essex property Trust, Inc., and their agents, for specific application to this project and has been prepared in accordance with generally accepted geotechnical engineering practices. No warranties, express or implied, are intended or made. Site safety is the responsibility of others. In the event that changes in the nature, design, or location of the tree removal/pruning as outlined in this report are planned, the conclusions and recommendations contained in this report shall not be considered valid unless Zipper Geo Associates, LLC reviews the changes and either verifies or modifies the conclusions of this report in writing. ATTACHMENT B DocuSign Envelope ID: 14857156-2A22-49DC-97F3-3B8B76EA04A8 BLDG EBLDG CBLDG DBLDG FBLDG GBLDG HTREES 47 THROUGH 52. SEE ARBORISTS REPORT FOR INDIVIDUAL TREE LOCATIONS REFERENCE: GOOGLE EARTH 2016. NOT TO SCALE FIGURE Job No. Zipper Geo Associates, LLC 19019 36th Ave. W.,Suite E Lynnwood, WA SHT. of 11 Site Map 1716.00Date: March 2022 1 PINNACLES ON LAKE WASHINGTON 1400 Lake Washington Boulevard North Renton, Washington ATTACHMENT B DocuSign Envelope ID: 14857156-2A22-49DC-97F3-3B8B76EA04A8 APPENDIX A SAVATREE CONSULTING GROUP REPORT ATTACHMENT B DocuSign Envelope ID: 14857156-2A22-49DC-97F3-3B8B76EA04A8 Date: March 15, 2022 To: Peter Lynch, Service Manager – Essex Property Trust Subject: Hazard Trees Location: 1400 Lake Washington Blvd (Pinnacle on Lake Washington Apts) From: Scott Selby, Registered Consulting Arborist #749, Board Certified Master Arborist #PN- 1775B, ISA Tree Risk Assessment Qualified Peter: Overview At your request, I visited the Pinnacle on Lake Washington site March 14th to evaluate trees of concern. A recent landslide resulted in significant undermining of three Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) trees and resulted in burying the root crowns of two large black cottonwood (Populus trichocarpa) trees and exposing the root crown of one other large black cottonwood. A very broad swath of soil was released as well as a large intact block of soil. You had a geotech visit the site to assess the condition of the slope and trees undermined. You indicated the geotech recommended removal of the fir trees due to the precarious placement at the top of the slope and the potential for failure of the trees to impact targets (structures or parked cars) at the base of the slope. During my site visit, I noted the three cottonwood trees mid slope downhill from the fir trees and located in the middle of the slide area. The demonstrated instability of the slope and the potential for the cottonwood trees to impact the same targets in the event of failure represents an imminent risk. Risk Assessment Tree risk assessment involves qualitative analysis of several factors including the Likelihood of Failure, Likelihood of Impacting Target, and Consequences of Failure (likelihood of injury or damage). The two tables that follow are from the International Society of Arboriculture Tree Risk Assessment Form and are the current standard for assessing tree risk. Matrix 1. Likelihood Matrix Likelihood of Failure Likelihood of Impacting Target Very low Low Medium High Imminent Unlikely Somewhat Likely Likely Very Likely Probable Unlikely Unlikely Somewhat likely Likely Possible Unlikely Unlikely Unlikely Somewhat Likely Improbable Unlikely Unlikely Unlikely Unlikely ATTACHMENT B DocuSign Envelope ID: 14857156-2A22-49DC-97F3-3B8B76EA04A8 Matrix 2. Risk Rating Matrix Likelihood of Failure & Impact Consequences of Failure Negligible Minor Significant Severe Very Likely Low Moderate High Extreme Likely Low Moderate High High Somewhat Likely Low Low Moderate Moderate Unlikely Low Low Low Low I rate all six trees as follows: the Likelihood of Failure as Probable, the Likelihood of Impacting Target as High and the Consequences of Failure as Severe = HIGH Risk Rating. Recommendation Due to the potential for all six trees to impact targets in the event of failure and the imminent nature of the situation due to failure of the slope, I recommend all six trees be removed without delay. Tree Removal Plan Due to the sever undermining of the fir trees as a result of slope failure, these trees are unsafe to climb and dismantle. Safety dictates the trees be felled into the adjacent slope with the resulting debris left in place to help stabilize the bank. Activity along the slide area should be kept to a minimum to avoid destabilizing the slope further. The trees will be cut to short stumps with the roots left in place. The cottonwood trees appear safe to climb and will be cut to a short snag height of approximately 10 feet. The removal of these trees will generate a significant amount of debris which could represent a fire hazard if left in place. Consequently, the wood will be left in place to help hold the slope, but the limbs will be removed and chipped. Please let me know if you have any questions about this report. Scott Selby, Account Manager SavATree 206.849.4718 sselby@savatree.com ATTACHMENT B DocuSign Envelope ID: 14857156-2A22-49DC-97F3-3B8B76EA04A8 ATTACHMENT B DocuSign Envelope ID: 14857156-2A22-49DC-97F3-3B8B76EA04A8 47 ATTACHMENT B DocuSign Envelope ID: 14857156-2A22-49DC-97F3-3B8B76EA04A8 slide area ATTACHMENT B DocuSign Envelope ID: 14857156-2A22-49DC-97F3-3B8B76EA04A8 4950 52 Targets ATTACHMENT B DocuSign Envelope ID: 14857156-2A22-49DC-97F3-3B8B76EA04A8 49 50 ATTACHMENT B DocuSign Envelope ID: 14857156-2A22-49DC-97F3-3B8B76EA04A8 49 5052 ATTACHMENT B DocuSign Envelope ID: 14857156-2A22-49DC-97F3-3B8B76EA04A8