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HomeMy WebLinkAboutL_Trudel LLC Operating Agreement_140801_v1Operating Agreement Trudel, LLC, a Washington Limited tiability Company THIS OPERATING AGREEMENT of Trudel, LLC (the "Company") is entered into as of the date set forth on the signature page of this Agreement by each of the Members listed on Exhibit A of this Agreement. A. The Members have formed the Company as a Washington limited liability company under the Washington Limited Liability Company Act. The purpose of the Company is to conduct any lawful business for which limited liability companies may be orgatized under the laws of the state of Washington. The Members hereby adopt and approve the certificate of formation of the Company filed with the Washington Secretary of State. B. The Members enter into this Agreement to provide for the governance of the Company and the conduct of its business, and to specify their relative rights and obligations. ARTICLE 1: DEFINITIONS Capitalized terms used in this Agreement have the meanings specified in this Article L or elsewhere in this Agreement and if not so specified, have the meanings set forth in the Washington Limited Liability Company Act. "Agreement" means this Operating Agreement of the Company, as may be amended from time to time. "CapitaIAccount" mearts/ with respect to any Member, an account consisting of such Member's Capital Contribution, (1) increased by such Member's allocated share of income and gain, (2) decreased by such Member's share of losses and deductions, (3) decreased by any distributions made by the Company to such Member, and (4) otherwise adjusted as required in accordance with applicable tax laws. "CapitaI Contribution" means, with respect to any Member, the total value of (1) cash and the fair market value of property other than cash and (2) services that are contributed and/or agreed to be contributed to the Company by such Member, as listed on Exhibit A, as may be updated from time to time according to the terms of this Agreement. "Exhibit" means a document attached to this Agreement labeled as "Exhibit A," "Exhibit 8," arrd so forttu as such document may be amended, updated, or replaced from time to time according to the terms of this Agreement. "Member" means each Person who acquires Membership Interest pursuant to this Agreement. The Members are listed on Exhibit A, as may be updated from time to time according to the terms of this Agreement. Each Member has the rights and obligations specified in this Agreement. "Membership Interest" means the entire ownership interest of a Member in the Company at any particular time, including the right to any and all benefits to which a Member may be entitled as provided in this Agreement and under the Washington Limited Liability Company Act, together with the obligations of the Member to comply with all of the terms and provisions of this Agreement. "Ownership Interest" means the Percentage Interest or Units, as applicable, based on the manner in which relative ownership of the Company is divided. "Percentage Interest" means the percentage of ownership in the Company that, with respect to each Member, entitles the Member to a Membership Interest and is expressed as either: A. If ownership in the Company is expressed in terms of percentage, the percentage set forth opposite the name of each Member on Exhibit A, as may be adjusted from time to time pursuant to this Agreemen! or B. If ownership in the Company is expressed in Units, the ratio, expressed as a percentage, of (1) the number of Units owned by the Member (expressed as "MIJ" in the equation below) divided by 2 the total number of Units owned by all of the Members of the Company (expressed as "TU" in the equation below). Percentage Interest = ryTU "Person" means an individual (natural person), partnership,limited partnership, trust, estate, associatiorL corporatior; limited liability company, or other entity, whether domestic or foreign. "Urtits" mearv if ownership in the Company is expressed in Units, units of ownership in the Company, that, with respect to each Member, entitles the Member to a Membership Interest whictu if applicable, is expressed as the number of Units set forth opposite the name of each Member on Exhibit A, as may be adjusted from time to time pursuant to this Agreement. ARTICLE 2: CAPITAL CONTRIBUTIONS, ADDITIONAL MEMBERS, CAPITAL ACCOUNTS AND LIMITED LIABILITY 2.1, Initial Capital Contributions. The names of all Members and each of their respective addresses, initial Capital Contributions, and Ownership Interests must be set forth on Exhibit A. Each Member has made or agrees to make the initial Capital Contribution set forth next to such Member's name on Exhibit A to become a Member of the Company. 2.2 Srtbsequent Capital Contributions. Members are not obligated to make additional Capital Contributions unless unanimously agreed by all the Members. If subsequent Capital Contributions are unanimously agreed by all tkre Members in a consent in writing, the Members may make such additional Capital Contributions on a pro rata basis in accordance with each Member's respective Percentage Interest or as otherwise unanimously agreed by the Members. 2.3 Additional Mernbers. A. With the exception of a transfer of interest (1) governed by Article 7 of this Agreement or (2) otherwise expressly authorized by this Agreement, additional Persons may become Members of the Company and be issued additional Ownership Interests only if approved by and on terms determinedby aunanimous written agreement signed by all of the existing Members. (2) -3- B. Before a Person may be admitted as a Member of the Company, that Person must sign and deliver to the Company the documents and instruments, in the form and containing the information required by the Company, that the Members deem necessary or desirable. Membership Interests of new Members will be allocated according to the terms of this Agreement. 2.4 Capital Accounts. Individual Capital Accounts must be maintained for each Member, unless (a) there is only one Member of the Company and (b) the Company is exempt according to applicable tax laws. Capital Accounts must be maintained in accordance with all applicable tax laws. 2.5 Interest. No interest will be paid by the Company or otherwise on Capital Contributions or on the balance of a Member's Capital Account. 2.6 Lilrlrited Liability; No Authority. A Member will not be bound by, or be personally liable for, the expenses,liabilities, debts, contracts, or obligations of the Company, except as otherwise provided in this Agreement or as required by the Washington Limited Liability Cornpany Act. Unless expressly pro'vided in this Agreement, no Member, acting alone, has any authority to undertake or assume any obligation, debt, or responsibility, or otherwise act on behalf oi the Company or any other Member. ARTICLE 3: ALLOCATIONS AND DISTRIBUTIONS 3.1, Allocations. Unless otherwise agreed to by the unanimous consent of the Members any income, gain,loss, deduction, or credit of the Company will be allocated for accounting and tax purposes on a pro rata basis in proportion to the respective Percentage Interest held by each Member and in compliance with applicable tax laws. 3.2 Distributions. The Company will have the right to make distributions of cash and property to the Members on a pro rata basis in proportion to the respective Percentage Interest held by each Member. The timing and amount of distributions will be determined by the Members in accordance with the Washington Limited Liability Company Act. 3.3 Limitations on Distributions. The Company must not rnake a distribution to a Member if, after giving effect to the distribution: A. The Company would be unable to pay its debts as they become due in the usual course of business; or -4- B. The fair value of the Company's total assets would be less than the sum of its total liabilities plus the amount that would be needed, if the Company were to be dissolved at the time of the distribution, to satisfy the preferential rights upon dissolution of Members, if any, whose preferential rights are superior to those of the Members receiving the distribution. ARTICLE 4: MANAGEMENT 4.1, Management. A. Generally. Subject to the terms of this Agreement and the Washington Limited Liability Company Act, the business and affairs of the Company will be managed by the Members. B. Approval and Action. Unless greater or other authorization is required pursuant to this Agreement or under the Washington Limited Liability Company Act for the Company to engage in an activity or transaction, all activities or transactions must be approved by the Members, to constitute the act of the Connpany or serve to bind the Company. With such approval, the signature of any MemLbers authorized to sign on behalf of the Company is sufficient to bind the Company vrzith respect to the matter or matters so approved. Without such approval, no Members acting alone may bind the Company to any agreement with or obligation to any third party or represent or claim to have the ability to so bind the Company. C. Certain Decisions Requiring Greater AuthorizationL. Notwithstanding clause B above, the following matters require rrnanimous approvallof the Members in a consent in writing to constitute an act of the Company: A material change in the purposes or the nature of the Company's business; With the exception of a transfer of interest governed by Article 7 of this Agreement, the admission of a new Member or a change in any Member's Membership Interest, Ownership Interest, Percentage Interest, or Voting Interest in any manner other than in accordance with this Agreement; (ii| The merger of the Company with any other entity or the sale of all or substantially all of the Company's assets; and (i) (ii) 5 (i") The amendrnent of this Agreement. 4.2 Officers. The Members are authorizedto appoint one o,r more officers from time to time. The officers will have the titles, the authority, exercise the powers, and perform the duties that the Members determine from time to time. Each officer will continue to perform and hold office until such time as (a) the officer's successor is chosen and appointed by the Members; or (b) the officer is dismissed or terminated by the Members, which termination will be subject to applicable law and, if an effective employment agreement exists between the officer and the Company, the employment agreement. Subject to applicable law and the employment agreemr:nt (if any), each officer will serve at the direction of Members, and may be terminated, at any time and for any reason, by the Members. ARTICLE 5: ACCOUNTS AND ACCOUNTING 5.1 Accounts. The Company must maintain complete accounting records of the Company's business, including a full and accurate record of each Company transaction. The records must be kept at the Company's principal executive of{'ice and must be open to inspection and copying by Members during normal business hours upon reasonable notice by the Members wishing to inspect or copy the records or their authorized representatives, for purposes reasonably related to the Membership Interest of such Members. The costs of inspection and copying will be borne by ther respective Member. 5.2 Records. The Members will keep or cause the Company to keep the following business records. (i) An up to date list of the Members, each of their respective full legal names, last known business or residence address, Capital Contributions, the amount and terms of any alyeed upon future Capital Contributions, and Ownership Interests, and Voting Interests; (i0 A copy of the Company's federal, state, and local tax in-formation and income tax returns and reports, 7f any, for the six most recent taxable years; (iii) A copy of the certificate of formation of the Company, as may be amended frorn time to time ("Certificate of Fo:rmation"); and -6- (iv) An original signed copy, which may include counterpart signatures, of this Agreement, and any amendlments to this Agreement, signed by all then-current Members. 5.3 Income Tax Returns. Within 45 days after the end of eaLch taxable year, the Company will use its best efforts to send each of the Members all information necessary for the Members to complete their federal and state tax informatio:ry returns, and reports and a copy of the Company's federal, state, and local tax irLformation or income tax returns and reports for such year. 5.4 Subchapter S Election. The Company rtalt upon unanimous consent of the Members, elect to be treated for income tax purposes as an S Corporation. This designation may be changed as permitted under the Internal Reve:nue Code Section 1362(d) and applicable Regulations. 5.5 Tax Matters Member. Anytime the Company is required to designate or select a tax matters partner pursuant to Section623l(a)(7) of the Internal Revenue Code and any regulations issued by the Internal Revenue Service, the Members must designate one of the Members as the tax matters partner of the Cornpany and keep such designation in effect at all times. 5.6 Banking. All funds of the Company must be deposited in one or more bank accounts in the name of the Company with one or more recognize<l financial institutions. The Members are authorizedto establish such accounlls and complete, sign, and deliver any banking resolutions reasonably required by the reripective financial institutions in order to establish an account. ARTICLE 6: MEMBERSHIP - VOTING AND MEE:IINGS 6.1 Members and Voting Rights. The Members have the right and power to vote on all matters with respect to which the Certificate of Formation, this Agreement, or the Washington Limited Liability Company Act requires or perlnits. Unless otherwise stated in this Agreement (for example, in Section a.1(c)) or required under the Washington Limited Liability Company Act, the vote of the Members holding at least a majority of the Voting Interest of the Company is required to approve or carry out an action. 6.2 Meetings of Members. Annual, regtlar, or special meetings of the Members are not required but may be held at such time and place as the Mernbers deem necessary or desirable for the reasonable management of the Company. A written notice l setting forth the date, time, and location of a meeting must be sent within a reasonable period of time before the date of the meeting to each Member entitled to vote at the meeting. A Member may waive notice of a meetingby sending a s:igned waiver to the Company's principal executive office or as otherwise provided in llhe Washington Limited Liability Company Act. In any instance in which the appr,oval of the Members is required under this Agreement, such approval may be obtained in any manner permitted by the Washington Limited Liability Company Act, including by conference call or similar commrrnications equipment. Any action that could be taken at a meeting may be approved by a consent in writing that describes the action to be taken and is signed by Members holding the minimum Voting Interest require<lto approve the action. If any action is taken without a meeting and without unani.mous written consent of the Members, notice of such action must be sent to each Member that did not consent to the action. ARTICLE 7: WITHDRAWAL AND TRANSFERS OF MEMBEFISHIP INTERESTS 7.1 Withdrawal. Members may withdraw from the Company prior to the dissolution and winding up of the Company (a) by transferring or assigning all of their respective Membership Interests pursuant to Section7.2beIow, or (b) if all of the Members unanimously agree in a written consent. Subject to the provisions of Article 3, a Member that withdraws pursuant to this Section 7.1, will be entit.led to a distribution from the Company in an amount equal to such Member's Capital r\ccount. 7.2 Restrictions on Transfer; Admission of Transferee. A.Member may transfer Membership Interests to any other Person without the consent of any other Member. A person may acquire Membership Interests directly from the Company upon the written consent of all Members. A Person that acquires Membership Interests in accordance with this Section 7.2wlllbe admitted as a Member of the Compan;r only after the requirements of Section 2.3(b) are complied with in full. ARTICLE 8: DISSOLUTION 8.1 Dissolution. The Company will be dissolved upon the first to occur of the following events: (i) The unanimous agreement of all Members in er consent in writing to dissolve the Company; 8 (ii) (iii) Entry of a decree of judicial dissolution under Washington Limited Liability Company Act; At any time that there are no Members, unless and provided that the Company is not otherwise required to be <lissolved and wound up, within 90 days after the occurrence of the event that terminated the continued membership of the last remaini:ng Member, the legal representative of the last remaining Member ergrees in writing to continue the Company and (i) to become a Member; or (ii) to the extent that the last remaining Member assigneld its interest in the Company, to cause the Member's assignee to lbecome a Member of the Company, effective as of the occurrence o1 the event that terminated the continued membership of the last remaining Member; The sale or transfer of all or substantially all of the Company's assets; (i") (") A merger or consolidation of the Company with one or more entities in which the Company is not the surviving entity. 8.2 No Automatic Dissolution Upon Certain Events. Unless otherwise set forth in this Agreement or required by applicable law, the deatlu incapacity, disassociatiory bankruptcy, or withdrawal of a Member will not automatically cause a dissolution of the Company. ARTICLE 9: INDEMNIFICATION 9.1' Indemnification. The Company has the power to defenLd, indemnify, and hold harmless any Person who was or is a partl, or who is threaterred to be made a party, to any Proceeding (as that term is defined below) by reason of the fact that such Person was or is a Member, officer, employee, representative, or other agent of the Company, or was or is serving at the request of the Company as a director, Governor, officer, employee, representative or other agent of another limited liabitity company, corporatiorL partnership, joint venture, trust, or other enterprise (each such Person is referred to as a "Company Agent"), against Expenses (as that term is defined below), judgments, fines, settlements, and other amounts (collectively,"Detrnages") to the maximum extent now or hereafter permitted under Washington law. "Proceeding," as used in this Article 9, means any threatened, pending, or completed action, proceeding, individual claim or matter within a proceeding, whether civil, crirninal, administrative, 9 or investigative. "Expenses," as used in this Article 9, includes, without limitation, court costs, reasonable attorney and expert fees, and any expenses incurred relating to establishing a right to indemnificatiory if any, under this Article 9. 9.2 Mandatory. The Company must defend, indemnify and hold harmless a Company Agent in connection with a Proceeding in which such Company Agent is involved if, and to the extent, Washington law requires that a limilted liability company indemnify a Company Agent in connection with a Proceeding. 9.3 Expenses Paid by the Company Prior to Final Disposition. Expenses of each Company Agent indemnified or held harmless under this Agreement that are actually and reasonably incurred in connection with the defense o:r settlement of a Proceeding may be paid by the Company in advance of the final disposition of a Proceeding if authorizedby a vote of the Members that are not seeking indemnification holding a majority of the Voting Interests (excluding the Voting Interest of the Company Agent seeking indemnification). Before the Company makes any such payment of Expenses, the Company Agent seeking indemnification must deliver a written undertaking to the Company stating that such Company y'rgent will repay the applicable Expenses to the Company urrless it is ultimately determ.ined that the Company Agent is entitled or required to be indemnified and heldlharmless by the Company (as set forth in Sections 9.1- or 9.2 above or as otherwise r:equired by applicable law). ARTICLE 10: GENERAL PROVISIONS 10.1 Notice. (a) Any notices (including requests, demands, ,or other communications) to be sent by one party to another party in connection with this Agreement must be in writing and delivered personally,by reputable overnight courier, or by certified mail (or equivalent service offered by the postal serrrice from time to time) to the following addresses or as otherwise notified in accorda ce with this Section: (i) if to the Company, notices must be sent to the Companlr's principal executive office; and (ii) if to a Member, notices must be sent to the Member's last known address for notice on record. (b) Any parry to this Agreemernt may change its notice address by sending written notice of such change to the Cornpany in the manner specified above. Notice will be deemed to have been duly given as follows: (i) upon delivery, if delivered personally or by reputable overnight carrier or (ii) five days after the date of posting if sent by certified mail. l-0.2 Entire Agreemen! Amendment. This Agreement alon;g with the Certificate of Formation (together, the "Organizational Documents"), constitute the entire -10- agreement among the Members and replace and supersede all prior written and oral understandings and agreements with respect to the subject matter of this Agreement, except as otherwise required by the Washington Limited Liability Company Act. There are no representations, agreements, arrangements, or undertakings, oral or written, between or among the Members relating to the subject matter of this Agreement that are not fully expressed in the Orgatizational Documents. This Agreement may not be modified or amended in any respect, except in a writing signed by'allof the Members, except as otherwise required or permitted by the Washington Limited Liability Company Act. L0.3 Governing Law; Severability. This Agreement will be construed and enforced in accordance with the laws of the state of Washington. Illany provision of this Agreement is held to be unenforceable by a court of competent jurisdiction for any reason whatsoever, (i) the validity,Iegality, and enforceability of the remaining provisions of this Agreement (including without limitation, all por:tions of any provisions containing any such unenforceable provision that are not themselves unenforceable) will not in any way be affected or impaired thereblz, and (ii) to the fullest extent possible, the unenforceable provision witl be deemedmodified and replaced by a provision that approximates the intent and economir: effect of the unenforceable provision and the Agreement will be deemed amended accordingly. L0.4 Further Action. Each Member agrees to perform all fu:rther acts and execute, acknowledge, and deliver any documents which may be reasonably necessary, appropriate, or desirable to carry out the provisions of this Agreement. 10.5 No Third Party Beneficiary. This Agreement is made r;olely for the benefit of the parties to this Agreement and their respective permitted successors and assigns, and no other Person or entity will have or acquire any right by virtue of this Agreement. This Agreement will be binding on and inure to the benefit of the parties and their heirs, personal representatives, and permitted successors and assiElrs. l-0.6 Incorporation by Reference. The recitals and each appendix, exhibit, schedule, and other document attached to or referred to in this Agrreement are hereby incorporated into this Agreement by reference. 107 Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts with the same effect as if all of the Members signed the same copy. All counterparts will be construed together and will constitute one agr,eement. lRemainder Intentionally Left Blank.l -11- IN WITNESS WHEREOD the parties have executed or caursed to be executed this Operating Agreement and do each hereby represent and warrant that their respective signatory, whose signature appears below, has been ?nd is, on the date of this Agreement, duly authorized to execute this Agreement. oatea: r4.r I 2o lV---------t-r- -t2- EXHIBIT A MEMBERS The Members of the Company and their respective addresses, Capital Contributions, and Ownership Interests are set forth below. The iVlembers agree to keep this Exhibit A current and updated in accordance with the terms of this Agreement, including, but not limited to, Section s 2.1,, 2.3, 2.4, 7 |1., 7 .2, and I0.1. Members Capital Percerntage Contribution Intererst Lisa Seminoff 1,00% Address: 3930 Midvale Ave. N. Seattle, WA 98103 -13-