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POROUS HOT MIX ASPHALT (PHMA) NOTES:
SOURCE: 2015 POROUS PAVEMENT UNIFIED SPEC. COMMITTEE:
PROPOSED FINAL SPECIAL PROVISION POROUS HOT MIX ASPHALT
POROUS HOT MIX ASPHALT
DESCRIPTION
SECTION 5-04.1 IS SUPPLEMENTED WITH THE FOLLOWING: THIS WORK SHALL CONSIST OF PROVIDING AND PLACING ONE OR MORE LAYERS OF
PLANT -MIXED POROUS HOT MIX ASPHALT (PHMA) ON A PREPARED FOUNDATION OR BASE IN ACCORDANCE WITH THESE SPECIFICATIONS AND THE
LINES, GRADES, THICKNESSES AND TYPICAL CROSS -SECTIONS SHOWN IN THE PLANS OR ESTABLISHED BY THE ENGINEER. THE MANUFACTURE OF
PHMA MAY INCLUDE POROUS WARM MIX ASPHALT (PWMA) PROCESSES IN ACCORDANCE WITH THESE SPECIFICATIONS. PWMA PROCESSES INCLUDE
ORGANIC ADDITIVES, CHEMICAL ADDITIVES, AND FOAMING. HMA SHALL BE COMPOSED OF ASPHALT BINDER AND MINERAL MATERIALS AS MAYBE
REQUIRED, MIXED IN THE PROPORTIONS SPECIFIED TO PROVIDE A HOMOGENEOUS, STABLE, AND WORKABLE MIXTURE. WORK SHALL ALSO INCLUDE
PREPARATION AND PROTECTION OF SUBGRADE, SUBBASE AND LEVELING COURSE SPECIFIC TO PHMA.
MATERIALS
SECTIONS 5-04.2 IS SUPPLEMENTED WITH THE FOLLOWING:
AGGREGATE GRADATION
SIEVE SIZE
%PASSING
3/4"
100
%"
90-100
3/8"
55-90
U.S.
NO.4
1040
U.S.
NO. 8
0-20
U.S.
NO.40
0-13
U.S.
NO. 200
OS
THE AGGREGATE SHOULD CONSIST OF CRUSHED STONE WITH A PERCENT FRACTURE GREATER THAN 90 % ON TWO FACES ON THE NO. 4 SIEVE AND
ABOVE, WHEN TESTED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE FIELD OPERATING PROCEDURES FOR AASHTO T 335.
RECYCLED ASPHALT PAVEMENT SHALL NOT BE USED IN PHMA.
MIXED DESIGNS FOR PHMA SHALL BE SUBMITTED TO THE PROJECT ENGINEER ON WASHINGTON STATE DOT FORM 350-042 WITH THE ADDITIONAL
PHMA TEST DATA REQUIRED BY THIS SPECIFICATION PROVIDED AS A ONE PAGE SUPPLEMENTAL ATTACHMENT.
THE ANTI -STRIPPING REQUIREMENTS FOR PHMA SHALL BE EQUIVALENT TO THE ANTI -STRIPPING REQUIREMENT FOR SAME MAXIMUM NOMINAL
AGGREGATE CLASS OF DENSE GRADED HMA DESIGN FROM THE SAME AGGREGATE MATERIALS SOURCE.
SECTION 5-04.3 IS SUPPLEMENTED WITH THE FOLLOWING:
5-04.301 HOT MIX ASPHALT MIXING PLANT
THIS SECTION IS SUPPLEMENTED WITH THE FOLLOWING PLANTS USED FOR PREPARATION OF HMA AND PHMA SHALL CONFORM TO THE
FOLLOWING REQUIREMENTS:
FIBER SUPPLY SYSTEM
WHEN FIBER STABILIZING ADDITIVES ARE USED FOR PHMA (IF NEEDED TO ACHIEVE THE DRAIN DOWN SPECIFICATION), A SEPARATE FEED
SYSTEM THAT MEETS THE FOLLOWING WILL BE REQUIRED:
ACCURATELY PROPORTIONS BY WEIGHT THE REQUIRED QUANTITY INTO THE MIXTURE IN SUCH A MANNER THAT UNIFORM DISTRIBUTION
WILL BE OBTAINED.
THE FIBERS SHALL BE UNIFORMLY DISTRIBUTED PRIOR TO THE INJECTIONS OF THE ASPHALT BINDER INTO THE MIXTURE.
WHEN A CONTINUOUS OR DRIER -DRUM TYPE PLANT IS USED, THE FIBER SHALL BE ADDED TO THE AGGREGATE AND UNIFORMLY
DISPERSED PRIOR TO THE INJECTION OF ASPHALT BINDER.
SURGE AND STORAGE SYSTEMS
THE STORAGE TIME FOR PHMA MIXTURES NOT HAULED IMMEDIATELY TO THE PROJECT SHALL BE NO MORE THAN FOUR (4) HOURS FOR
NON -INSULATED SILOS OR EIGHT (8) HOURS FOR INSULATED SILOS. PLACEMENT TEMPERATURE SPECIFICATIONS SHALL STILL BE MET
REGARDLESS OF SILO STORAGE TIME.
HAULING EQUIPMENT
SECTION 5-04.3(2)
THE TEMPERATURE OF THE MIX AT THE TIME OF DISCHARGE FROM THE HAUL VEHICLE SHALL BE WITHIN THE TEMPERATURE RANGE
IDENTIFIED IN THE APPROVED PHMA. (SEE ENGINEER'S NOTE 1).
NOTES:
1. CONTRACTOR SHALL PHASE THE WORK SO AS TO NOT COMPROMISE OR OVERLY COMPACT THE
SUBGRADES PRIOR WHEN PERMEABLE PAVEMENT IS TO BE PLACED.
2. SUBGRADE SHALL BE COMPACTED TO 90-92%OF MAXIMUM DRY DENSITY ACCORDING TO
STANDARD PROTOR (ASTM D698) AND SHALL BE FIRM AND UNYIELDING PRIOR TO PLACING
PAVEMENT SECTION MATERIAL.
3. CONTRACTOR SHALL CONDUCT INFILTRATION TEST IN ACCORDANCE WITH CITY OF RENTON
ADMENDMENTS TO 2009 KING COUNTY STORM WATER DESIGN MANUAL IMMEDIATELY FOLLOWING
FINAL SUBGRADE PREPARATION TO VERIFTY THAT THE SUBGRADE IS NOT OVER -COMPACTED.
INFILTRATION TEST SHALL BE CONDUCTED AT A RATE OF 1 TEST PER 5000 SQUARE FEET, AND 1
TEST PER 200 LINEAL FEET OF ROADWAY.
A MIX DESIGN
SECTION 5-04.3(7)A IS SUPPLEMENTED WITH THE FOLLOWING FOR POROUS HMA:
THE ASPHALT BINDER FOR PHMA SHALL BE PG 70-22ER POLYMER MODIFIED OR HIGHER GRADE. BINDER CONTENT SHALL BE
BETWEEN 6.0%AND 7.0% BY TOTAL WEIGHT OF THE MIX, AND WILL BE THE HIGHEST PERCENTAGE THAT PASSES BOTH THE DRAIN
DOWN AND VOID REQUIREMENTS TESTS AT NDESIGN=75 GYRATIONS. THE BINDER CONTENT TOLERANCE SHALL BE+OR-.5%
DURING PRODUCTION/PLACEMENT OF THE PHMA. THE CONTRACTOR SHALL ADJUST THE AGGREGATE TO MEET THE MAXIMUM DRAIN
DOWN TEST REQUIREMENTS WITHIN THE RANGES PROVIDED IN SECTION 9-03.8.
• DRAIN DOWN SHALL BE 0.3%, MAXIMUM, ACCORDING TO ASTM D6390-05.
• VOID RATIO SHALL BE 16%TO 25% PER ASTM D3203 AT NDESIGN=75 GYRATIONS.
THE CONTRACTOR SHALL INCLUDE IN THE SUBMITTAL LETTER FROM THE POLYMER -MODIFIED ASPHALT SUPPLIER THE
RECOMMENDED MIXING, DELIVERY, AND COMPACTION TEMPERATURES. THE CONTRACTOR SHALL DETERMINE ANTI -STRIP
REQUIREMENTS FOR PHMA AND PROVIDE DATA FOR ANTI -STRIPPING. THE ASPHALTIC MIX SHALL BE TESTED FOR ITS RESISTANCE TO
STRIPPING BY WATER IN ACCORDANCE WITH ASTM D-3625. IF THE ESTIMATED COATING AREA IS NOT ABOVE 95 PERCENT,
ANTI -STRIPPING AGENTS SHALL BE ADDED TO THE ASPHALT. CONTRACTOR SHALL BE RESPONSIBLE FOR CONDUCTING THE
ANTI -STRIPPING EVALUATION AND PROVIDING A REPORT TO THE ENGINEER. AS SPECIFIED IN 5-04.2 (ABOVE), ANTI -STRIP EVALUATION
OF AN EXISTING DENSE GRADED HMA OF THE SAME MAXIMUM NOMINAL AGGREGATE CLASS CAN BE USED AS THE BASIS FOR
ANTI -STRIP DOSAGE RATES.
ACCEPTANCE SAMPLING AND TESTING -HMA MIXTURE
SECTION 5-04.3(8)A IS SUPPLEMENTED WITH THE FOLLOWING:
COMMERCIAL EVALUATION WILL BE THE BASIS FOR ACCEPTANCE OF PHMA
SPREADING AND FINISHING
SECTION 5-04.3(9) IS SUPPLEMENTED WITH THE FOLLOWING:
PLACEMENT TEMPERATURE OF THE MIXTURE SHALL BE WITHIN THE TEMPERATURE RANGE IDENTIFIED IN THE APPROVED PHMA
SUBMITTAL. (SEE ENGINEER'S NOTES 2. BELOW)
COMPACTION
SECTION 5-04.3(10)A IS SUPPLEMENTED WITH THE FOLLOWING FOR PHMA:
PNEUMATIC TIRE ROLLERS SHALL NOT BE USED
THE CONTRACTOR WILL DEVELOP A ROLLER PATTERN THAT WILL INITIALLY CONSOLIDATE THE PAVEMENT STRUCTURE AS WELL AS
TARGET 15%TO 18% FINAL AIR VOIDS (82%TO 85% OF MAXIMUM THEORETICAL (RICE) DENSITY). THE CONTRACTOR SHALL MONITOR
COMPACTION DURING PLACEMENT OF PHMA WITH A PAVEMENT DENSITY GAGE. (SEE ENGINEER'S NOTE 3. BELOW)
POROUS ASPHALT (PHMA) ACCEPTANCE INFILTRATION TEST
SECTION 5-04.3(21), AND SECTION 5-04.3(10)A IS ADDED:
CONTRACTOR SHALL CONDUCT INFILTRATION TESTS ON THE FINISHED PHMA PER ASTM C1701 AT LOCATIONS CHOSEN BY THE
ENGINEER. NEWLY -PLACED PHMA SHOULD BE ABLE TO ACCOMMODATE A MINIMUM INFILTRATION RATE OF 100 INCHES/HOUR. IT IS
ANTICIPATED THAT INFILTRATION TESTS BE COMPLETED EVERY 150 LINEAR FEET OF ROADWAY AND CONDUCTED IN ACCORDANCE
WITH ASTM C1701.
IF THE MEASURED INFILTRATION RATE IS LESS THAN 100 INCHES/HOUR, CONDUCT ADDITIONAL FOUR ADDITIONAL TESTS AS FOLLOWS
IN LINE WITH THE PAVER DIRECTION OF TRAVEL. TWO TESTS UPSTREAM AND TWO TEST DOWNSTREAM OF THE INITIAL TEST
LOCATIONS SHALL BE TAKEN AT DISTANCES OF 20 FEET AND 40 FEET. RESULTS OF THE ADDITIONAL TESTS SHOULD BE AVERAGED.
CONDUCT ADDITIONAL TESTING UPSTREAM AND DOWNSTREAM TO IDENTIFY AREA TO BE REMOVED. IF THE AVEAGE INFILTRATION IS
LESS THAN REQUIRED REMOVE AND REPLACE AT THE DIRECTION OF THE ENGINEER AND AT NO COST TO THE OWNER.
MEASUREMENT
SECTION 5-04.4 IS SUPPLEMENTED WITH THE FOLLOWING:
PHMA PG 70-22 ER (OR HIGHER) SHALL BE MEASURED BY THE TON IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION 1-09.2, WITH NO DEDUCTION BEING
MADE FOR THE WEIGHT OF ASPHALT BINDER, BLENDING SAND, MINERAL FILLER, OR ANY OTHER COMPONENT OF THE HMA. IF THE
CONTRACTOR ELECTS TO REMOVE AND REPLACE MIX AS ALLOWED IN SECTION 5-04.3(11), THE MATERIAL REMOVED WILL NOT BE
MEASURED.
PAYMENT
SECTION 5-04.5 IS SUPPLEMENTED WITH THE FOLLOWING:
"POROUS HMA CL.'/:" IN. PG 70-22ER", PER TON
THE UNIT CONTRACT PRICE PER TON FOR "POROUS HMA CL. % IN. PG 70-22ER" SHALL BE FULL COMPENSATION FOR ALL COSTS,
INCLUDING ANTI -STRIPPING ADDITIVE, INCURRED TO CARRY OUT REQUIREMENTS OF SECTION 5-04 EXCEPT FOR THOSE COSTS
INCLUDED IN OTHER ITEMS WHICH ARE INCLUDED IN THIS SUBSECTION AND WHICH ARE INCLUDED IN THE PROPOSAL.
AGGREGATE DISCHARGE SUBBASE/ PERMEABLE BALLAST NOTES
SECTION 9-03.9(2)A.
PERMEABLE BALLAST SHALL BE MANUFACTURED FROM LEDGE ROCK, TALUS, OR GRAVEL IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE PROVISIONS OF
SECTION 3-01. RECYCLED CONCRETE IS NOT PERMITTED. THE MATERIALS SHALL BE UNIFORM IN QUALITY AND SUBSTANTIALLY FREE
FROM WOOD ROOTS, BARK, AND OTHER EXTRANEOUS MATERIAL AND SHALL MEET THE FOLLOWING QUALITY TEST REQUIREMENTS:
LOS ANGELES WEAR, 500 REV
30% MAX., WSDOT TEST METHOD T 96
DEGRADATION FACTOR
30 MIN., WSDOT TEST METHOD T 113
MIN. VOID RATION CONTENT:
30% AS DETERMINED BY AASHTO T19 OR ASTM C29, RODDING PROCEDURE
THE GRADING REQUIREMENTS ARE
SIEVE SIZE
%PASSING
2-112"
100
2"
90-100
1-1/2"
3570
1"
0-15
'/2"
0-5
NO. 100
0-3
% FRACTURE:
95
ALL PERCENTAGE ARE BY WEIGHT.
AS -BUILT
AGGREGATES SHALL MEET THE REQUIREMENTS FOR GRADING AND QUALITY WHEN PLACED IN HAULING
VEHICLES FOR DELIVERY TO THE SITE, AFTER PLACEMENT IN TEMPORARY, STOCKPILES ON SITE, DURING
INSTALLATION, AND AFTER INSTALLATION AND COMPACTED TO PROJECT SPECIFICATIONS. PERMEABLE
BALLAST MATERIAL MAY BE CONDITIONALLY APPROVED BASED ON CONTRACTOR SUBMITTED SAMPLED
MATERIALS PRIOR TO DELIVERY TO THE SITE. FINAL ACCEPTANCE WILL BE BASED ON CONFORMANCE
TESTING COMPLETED ON MATERIAL THAT HAS BEEN DELIVERED, INSTALLED, AND COMPACTED ON SITE. THE
EXACT POINT OF ACCEPTANCE WILL BE DETERMINED BY TH ENGINEER. MATERIAL OUT OF CONFORMANCE
WITH THE PROJECT SPECIFICATIONS WILL BE REMOVED AND REPLACED AT THE CONTRACTOR'S EXPENSE.
ACCEPTANCE OF AGGREGATE SHALL BE AS PROVIDED UNDER NONSTATISTICAL OR COMMERCIAL
EVALUATONS.
THE CONTRACTOR'S SUBMITTAL FOR THE AGGREGATE MATERIAL SHALL PROVIDE DESCRIPTION OF
SAMPLING METHODOLOGY, IDENTIFY WHERE AND HOW THE SAMPLE WAS COLLECTED, TOTAL WEIGHT OF
SAMPLED COLLECTED, DESCRIPTION OF SAMPLE PREPARATION PROCEDURES, TOTAL WEIGHT OF SAMPLE
SIEVED TO DETERMINE GRAIN SIZE DISTRIBUTION, AND TEST RESULTS. SAMPLING AND PREPARATION SHALL
BE IN CONFORMANCE WITH ASTM D75 AND ASTM C702.
CHOKER COURSE CRUSHED SURFACING
SECTION 9-03.9(A)
CRUSHED SURFACING CHOKER COURSE SHALL MEET THE GRADING AND QUALITY REQUIREMENTS OF THE
AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF STATE HIGHWAY AND TRANPORTATION OFFICIALS (AASHTO) NO. 57. RECYCLED
CONCRETE IS NOT PERMITTED. THIS MATERIAL SHALL CONSISTS OF CLEAN Y TO 1-1/2 INCH UNIFORMLY
GRADED CRUSHED SURFACING MATERIAL.
LOS ANGELES WEAR, 500 REV
30% MAX., WSDOT TEST METHOD T 96
DEGRADATION FACTOR
30 MIN.. WSDOT TEST METHOD T 113
MIN. VOID RATION CONTENT:
30% AS DETERMINED BY AASHTO T19 OR ASTM C29, RODDING PROCEDURE
THE GRADING REQUIREMENTS ARE:
SIEVE SIZE
%PASSING
1-1/2"
100
1"
90-100
112"
25-60
NO.4
0-10
NO.8
0-5
% FRACTURE:
95
ALL PERCENTAGE ARE BY WEIGHT.
AGGREGATES SHALL MEET THE REQUIREMENTS FOR GRADING AND QUALITY WHEN PLACED IN HAULING
VEHICLES FOR DELIVERY TO THE SITE, AFTER PLACEMENT IN TEMPORARY, STOCKPILES ON SITE, DURING
INSTALLATION, AND AFTER INSTALLATION AND COMPACTED TO PROJECT SPECIFICATIONS. PERMEABLE
BALLAST MATERIAL MAY BE CONDITIONALLY APPROVED BASED ON CONTRACTOR SUBMITTED SAMPLED
MATERIALS PRIOR TO DELIVERY TO THE SITE. FINAL ACCEPTANCE WILL BE BASED ON CONFORMANCE
TESTING COMPLETED ON MATERIAL THAT HAS BEEN DELIVERED, INSTALLED, AND COMPACTED ON SITE. THE
EXACT POINT OF ACCEPTANCE WILL BE DETERMINED BY TH ENGINEER. MATERIAL OUT OF CONFORMANCE
WITH THE PROJECT SPECIFICATIONS WILL BE REMOVED AND REPLACED AT THE CONTRACTOR'S EXPENSE.
ACCEPTANCE OF AGGREGATE SHALL BE AS PROVIDED UNDER NONSTATISTICAL OR COMMERCIAL
EVALUATONS.
THE CONTRACTOR'S SUBMITTAL FOR THE AGGREGATE MATERIAL SHALL PROVIDE DESCRIPTION OF
SAMPLING METHODOLOGY, IDENTIFY WHERE AND HOW THE SAMPLE WAS COLLECTED, TOTAL WEIGHT OF
SAMPLED COLLECTED, DESCRIPTION OF SAMPLE PREPARATION PROCEDURES, TOTAL WEIGHT OF SAMPLE
SIEVED TO DETERMINE GRAIN SIZE DISTRIBUTION, AND TEST RESULTS. SAMPLING AND PREPARATION SHALL
BE IN CONFORMANCE WITH ASTM D75 AND ASTM C702.
ENGINEER NOTES:
1. A TYPICAL TEMPERATURE RANGE WOULD BE 250-275 DEGREE F FOR WARM MIX ASPHALT (WMA) OR 275-300
DEGREE F FOR HOT MIX ASPHALT (HMA).
2. TYPICAL TEMPERATURE RANGE WOULD BE 225-25OF FOR PWMA AND 250-275F FOR PHMA.
3. PRIOR SUCCESSFUL PROJECTS HAVE INCORPORATED TWO INITIAL LOW AMPLITUDE VIBRATORY ROLLER
PASSES TO SEAT AND ORIENT THE PHMA AGGREGATE MATRIX FOLLOWED BY STATIC ROLLING TO CREATE
A FINAL SURFACE WITHOUT ROLLER MARKS.
4. THE USE OF WARM MIX ASPHALT TECHNOLOGY IS ENCOURAGED AS IT MINIMIZES ISSUES RELATED TO
ASPHALT DRAIN DOWN DURING PRODUCTION, HAULING AND TESTING OF THE PHMA..
IN COMPLIANCE WITH CITY OF RENTON STANDARDS
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