HomeMy WebLinkAbout16834-R-Tree Protection Plan-Washington Forestry Cons Inic-2014-04-23FORESTRY AND VEGETATION MANAGEMENT SPECIALISTS
WFCI
3601943-1 723
FAX 3601943-4 1 28
1919 Yelm Hwy SE, Suite C
Olympia, WA 98501
URBANIRURAL FORESTRY TREE APPRAISAL HAZARD TREE ANALYSIS
RIGHT-OF-WAYS VEGETATION MANAGEMENT ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES CONTRACT FORESTERS
Member of International Society of Arboriculture and Society of American Foresters
- Tree Protection Plan-
Copperwood Project
SE 2nd Place
Renton, WA
Prepared for: Wayne Potter
Barghausen Consulting Engineers, Inc.
Prepared by: Washington Forestry Consultants, Inc.
Date: April 18, 2014
Introduction
Quadrant Homes is planning to construct a new 47 lot subdivision on approximately 13.11 acres
at SE 2nd Place in Renton, WA. The proponent has retained WFCI to:
• Evaluate the health and long-term survival potential for trees 6 inches diameter at breast height (DBH) and larger within the buildable area of the site and make recommendations for retention, protection, and necessary cultural care.
• Prepare a list of all trees with their corresponding size, condition and potential for
retention, along with their minimum root protection zone required if they are to be saved.
• Complete required tree retention calculations as per the City of Renton ordinance Section 4-4-130.
• Evaluate soils with respect to impacts on tree growth and stability.
Observations
Methodology
WFCI has evaluated trees 6 inches diameter at breast height (DBH) and larger in the proposed
project area, and assessed their potential to be incorporated into the new project. The tree evaluation phase used methodology developed by Nelda Matheny and Dr. James Clark
in their 1998 publication Trees and Development: A Technical Guide to Preservation of Trees
During Land Development.
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Washington Forestry Consultants, Inc Page 2
Site Description
The project site includes 8 parcels with residences that have large, mostly open, yards and/or patches of forest. The parcels include: 1523059043, 1523059221, 1523059170, 1523059093, 1523059100, 1523059066, 1523059201, and 1523059067. Four long driveways run south from
SE 2nd Place towards the structures. Planted and native trees exist adjacent to the homes.
The easterly portion of the project site is composed of a forested area with a stream running north
to south.
Soil Depth and Productivity
According to the Natural Resource Conservation Service Soil Survey, the Alderwood gravelly sandy loam is the predominant soil type found within the project area. This is a moderately deep, moderately well drained soil found on glacial till plains. It is formed in ablation till overlying
basal till. A weakly cemented hardpan is at a depth of 20 to 40 inches. Permeability is
moderately rapid above the hardpan and very slow in the pan. Available water capacity is low
and the effective rooting depth for trees is 20-40 inches. A perched seasonal high water table is
at a depth of 18-36 inches from November to March. The potential for windthrow of trees is 'moderate' under normal conditions. New trees require irrigation for establishment.
Tree Evaluation
Each tree within the project site was evaluated. A complete listing of trees within the project site
is provided in Attachment 3. For the purposes of description, we will divide the project site into three sections: the stream buffer zone, the storm pond area, and the residential home area where development will occur.
Residential Home Area
Approximately 9.1 acres of the proposed project area was comprised of residential homes and yards at the time of our field inspection. Many of the parcels contained native tree species as well
as planted ornamental specimens. The species found in this area included Douglas-fir
(Pseudotsuga menziesii), grand fir (Abies grandis), bigleaf maple (Acer macrophyllum),
Scouler's willow (Salix scouleriana), red alder (Alnus rubra), Pacific madrone (Arbutus menziesii), cherry species (Prunus spp.), cypress species (Cupressus spp.), vine maple (Acer circinatum), Katsura tree (Cercidiphyllum japonicum), Hinoki cypress (Chamaecyparis obtusa), European white birch (Betula pendula), western red cedar (Thuja plicata), flowering plum
(Prunus cerasifera), western white pine (Pinus monticola), Colorado blue spruce (Picea
pungens), black cottonwood (Populus trichocarpa), apple (Malus spp.), honey locust (Gleditsia
triacanthos) and western hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla).
A total of 171 trees were found within the residential home area, ranging in diameter from 6 to
42 inches DBH. Twenty-two additional trees are undesirable species (Populus, Alnus, Salix, and
Platanus spp.) as per the Renton tree ordinance. One hundred and twenty-seven (127) of these
171 trees were classified as healthy.
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Washington Forestry Consultants, Inc Page 3
Tree condition ranged from very poor to very good, with the majority falling into the fair
category.
A summary of trees found within the residential home area is shown below:
Table 1. Trees located within the residential home area after exclusion of undesirable species.
Species DBH Range (in) Total Trees Healthy Trees
Douglas-fir 6-42 62 52
Bigleaf maple 6-28 56 40
Cherry spp. 6-12 16 11
Western red cedar 6-21 15 8
All others 6-19 22 16
Total 6-42 171 127
Stream Buffer Zone
Trees within the stream buffer zone were inventoried by species, size, and condition. A total of
83 trees were found, with 64 trees in fair or better condition. Again, red alder, cottonwood, willow and London plane was excluded from the inventory and assessment.
A summary of trees found within the stream buffer zone is shown below:
Table 2. Trees located within the stream buffer zone after exclusion of undesirable species.
Species DBH Range Total # of Trees Healthy Trees
Bigleaf Maple 6-22+ 49 33
Douglas-fir 6-22+ 25 24
Western red cedar 6-14 5 5
Cherry spp 6-8 3 1
Colorado Blue Spruce 8 1 1
Total 6-22+ 83 64
Storm Pond Area
Trees within the storm pond area were inventoried by species, size, and condition. A total of 35 trees were found, with 19 trees in fair or better condition.
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Washington Forestry Consultants, Inc Page 4
A summary of trees found within the storm pond area is shown below:
Table 3. Trees located within the storm pond area after exclusion of undesirable species.
Species DBH Range Total # of Trees Healthy Trees
Bigleaf maple 6-22+ 11 3
Douglas-fir 6-22+ 24 16
Total 6+22 35 19
Off-Site Impacts
Removal of trees within the project site should not affect off-site trees.
Discussion
Potential for Tree Retention
The following table provides a summary of all potential areas on the site and whether the trees can be saved or removed in the project. These are illustrated on the proposed site plan in
Appendix II. A detailed summary of trees by, species, condition, and DBH class is provided in
Appendix III.
Table 4. Summary of tree inventory by location.
Area Total #Trees # Healthy Trees
# of Trees to
be Removed # Trees Retained
Residential Home 171 127 135 36
Stream Buffer Zone 83 64 19 64
Storm Pond 35 19 35 0
Total 289 210 189 100
A total of 100 trees will be retained on site. Sixty four trees can be saved within the stream buffer
zone and 36 trees can be retained around the residential homes.
All trees will be retained south of lots 37 and 46. Per an arrangement made between Quadrant
Homes, and home owner Berquist, these trees will not count towards the tree retention
requirement.
Copperwood Project Tree Protection Plan
Washington Forestry Consultants, Inc Page 5
Tree Density Calculations
Title 4-4-130 of the Renton Municipal Code requires that a minimum of 30% of all healthy significant trees in buildable areas be retained on the project. Dead, diseased, or dangerous trees within proposed public streets or private access easements were only included once in the trees
excluded from retention. The following is a summary of the required and planned tree retention:
Total Number of Significant Trees on Site 289 trees Trees Excluded from Retention Calculation:
Trees that are Dead Diseased or Dangerous 77 trees
Trees in Proposed Public Streets 22 trees
Trees in Private Access easements 7 trees Trees in Critical Areas and Buffers 64 trees Number of Healthy, Significant Trees in Buildable Area: 119 trees
Required Tree Retention:
30% of healthy significant trees in buildable area: 36 trees
Planned Tree Retention 36 trees
There are 119 healthy significant trees in the buildable area of the site. At least 36 of these trees need to be retained to meet the City of Renton Code. The proposed plan retains 36 trees outside of the critical areas and buffers.
Recommendations
Tree Protection Measures
Trees to be saved must be protected during construction by a six foot high chain link fencing
(Appendix IX), located at the edge of the critical root zone (CRZ). The CRZ shall be the dripline
of the stand of trees, or the limits of construction of the tree tract. Placards shall be placed on the
fencing every 50 feet indicating the words, "NO TRESPASSING - Protected Trees". The individual tree CRZ is the dripline (6 feet minimum), unless otherwise delineated by WFCI (see Appendix III).
Tree protection fences should be placed around the edge of the critical root zone (CRZ). The
fence should be erected after logging but prior to the start of clearing. The fences should be maintained until the start of the landscape installation.
There should be no equipment activity (including rototilling) within the critical root zone. No
irrigation lines, trenches, or other utilities should be installed within the CRZ. Cuts or fills
should impact no more than 20% of a tree’s root system. If topsoil is added to the root zone of a
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Washington Forestry Consultants, Inc Page 6
protected tree, the depth should not exceed 2 inches of a sandy loam or loamy fine sand topsoil
and should not cover more than 20% of the root system.
If roots are encountered outside the CRZ during construction, they should be cut cleanly with a saw and covered immediately with moist soil. Noxious vegetation within the critical root zone
should be removed by hand. If a proposed save tree must be impacting by grading or fills, then
the tree should be re-evaluated by WFCI to determine if the tree can be saved with mitigating
measures, or if the tree should be removed.
Pruning and Thinning
All individual trees to be saved near or within developed areas should have their crowns raised to
provide a minimum of 8 feet of ground clearance over sidewalks and landscape areas, 15 feet over parking lots or streets, and at least 10 feet of building clearance.
All pruning should be done according to the ANSI A300 standards for proper pruning, and be
completed by an International Society of Arboriculture Certified Arborist®, or be supervised by a
Certified Arborist®.
Hazard Tree Inspection
During the time of our field inspection, there were many large black cottonwood trees growing
within the stream buffer zone in the north-east corner of the project site. These trees have reached a mature size. Some are dead, other defective and some have already failed. Many of these trees can reach targets outside of the stream buffer. Cottonwoods are also susceptible to
storm damage and limb failure which makes them unsuitable trees for new developments. It is
recommended that these trees be individually evaluated to determine their risk to surrounding
targets. This should be done and mitigation of the hazard trees done during the land clearing
phase of the project.
WFCI should be contacted to inspect all 'save trees' after initial clearing to mark any additional
trees for removal that are deemed to be high risk trees to targets within and outside of the save
tree areas. A second inspection of the save trees should occur after the completion of grading to determine
if any trees were damaged during grading activity.
Conclusions and Timeline for Activity
1. Tree risk assessment should be done for the cottonwoods in the stream buffer. Necessary removals can then be approved and work can be done during land clearing.
2. Forty trees are proposed to be retained in the buildable area of the project.
3. The final, approved tree protection plan map should be included in the construction drawings
for bid and construction of the project and should be labeled as such.
4. Stake and heavily flag the clearing limits.
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5. Contact WFCI to attend pre-job conference and discuss tree protection issues with
contractors. WFCI can verify all trees to be saved and/or removed are adequately marked for
retention. 6. Complete all necessary pruning on save trees or stand edges to provide at least 8’ of ground clearance near sidewalks and trails, and 15’ above all driveways or access roads.
7. Complete logging. Complete necessary hazard tree removals and invasive plant removals
from the tree protection areas. No equipment should enter the tree protection areas during
logging.
8. Install tree protection fences along the 'limits of construction'. The fences should be located at the limits of construction or at the dripline of the save tree or as otherwise specified by
WFCI. Maintain fences throughout construction.
9. Contact WFCI to inspect the tree protection areas after initial clearing.
10. Do not excavate stumps within 10’ of trees to be saved. These should be individually evaluated by WFCI to determine the method of removal. 11. Re-inventory the retained trees for final save tree counts.
12. Complete grading and construction of the project.
13. Contact WFCI to final inspect the tree protection areas after grading.
14. All save trees within reach of targets should be inspected annually for 2 years by a qualified
professional forester retained by the homeowners association, and bi-annually thereafter. The purpose of these inspections is to identify trees that develop problems due to changing
micro-site conditions and to prescribe cultural care or removal.
Summary
The City of Renton Municipal Code requires 36 of the 119 healthy significant trees (30 %) be
retained on the buildable area of the site. This plan retains 36 trees. No tree replacement plan is
necessary. Please give me a call if you have further questions.
Respectfully submitted,
Washington Forestry Consultants, Inc.
Galen M. Wright, ASCA, ACF
ISA Board Certified Master Arborist PN-0129 BU Certified Forester No. 44
attachment: attachments
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Appendix I
Figure 1. Aerial Photo of the Copperwood Project Site in Renton, WA (King County iMAP 2009)
Approximate Site Boundary
NORTH No Scale
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Washington Forestry Consultants, Inc Page 9
Appendix II
Figure 2. Copperwood Project Site and Grading Plan
Project Boundary Stream Buffer Zone Storm Pond Area
Tree Protection Fence Locations
Tract E
Tract F
NORTH
No Scale
Tract B
Stream Buffer
Residential Area
Storm Pond
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Washington Forestry Consultants, Inc Page 10
Figure 3. Copperwood Project Site Tree Locations (North West)
Retained Tree
Removal Tree Tree Protection Fence Location
1
2 3
6 7 8
9 11 10
12
13 14
15
16
17
18 19
20 21
22
23
24
25
26
27
29 30
31
32
33
34
36
37 38 75
52
53
54
55 56
57
76
77 78 79
4
5
#
#
28
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Figure 4. Copperwood Project Site Tree Locations (South West)
Retained Tree Removal Tree
Tree Protection Fence Location
34
35
43 44
45
46 49
51
59
61
62
66
68
69
33 37 38
41
42 47
48
50
58
60
63
64
67
71
70
72
73
74
39
40
65
#
#
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Washington Forestry Consultants, Inc Page 12
Figure 5. Copperwood Project Site Tree Locations (North Central)
Retained Tree
Removal Tree
Tree Protection Fence Location
126 127
153 119 118
122
123
167
128
121
133
120
129
130 131
132
125
124
154 155
156
157
171
172
168
160
159
158
#
#
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Figure 6. Copperwood Project Site Tree Locations (South Central)
Retained Tree Removal Tree
Tree Protection Fence Location
87
80 81
83
82
60
85
86
95
88
89 90
91 92
93
94
96 97 98
99 100
101
102 103 104 105
106 107
108
109
110
111 112
116
134
135
138
136
117
121
118 119
120
113
#
#
114
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Washington Forestry Consultants, Inc Page 14
Figure 7. Copperwood Project Site Tree Locations (North East)
193
174
172
173
168
169
170
161 162
163
164 165
166
159
160
171
192
64 Healthy Trees Retained in Stream
Buffer Zone
Copperwood Project Tree Protection Plan
Washington Forestry Consultants, Inc Page 15
Figure 8. Copperwood Project Site Tree Locations (South East)
Retained Tree Removal Tree
Tree Protection Fence Location
175
177
180 181
182 184
183
186
187
188
190
147
148 149
151
150
146
142
143
145
137, 140-141
19 Healthy Trees Removed
From Storm Pond Area
139
#
#
152
178
179
185
189
191
176 144
Copperwood Project Tree Protection Plan
Washington Forestry Consultants, Inc Page 16
Appendix III
Table 5. Copperwood Project Residential Area Tree List
# Species DBH (in) Crown Position Condition
Root Protection Zone (ft)
Project Plan Save or Remove Notes
1 Douglas-fir 14 Co-dominant Fair 10 Save
2 Douglas-fir 8 Suppressed Poor 7 Remove low vigor
3 Douglas-fir 14 Co-dominant Fair 10 Save
4 Douglas-fir 17 Co-dominant Fair 11 Save
5 Douglas-fir 23 Co-dominant Fair 12 Save
6 Grand fir 18 Co-dominant Very Good 12 Remove
7 Douglas-fir 22 Co-dominant Fair 12 Remove
8 Douglas-fir 23 Co-dominant Fair 13 Remove
9 Douglas-fir 18 Co-dominant Fair 11 Remove
10 Douglas-fir 14 Co-dominant Poor 9 Remove poor health
11 Douglas-fir 15 Co-dominant Fair 9 Remove
12 Douglas-fir 12 Co-dominant Poor 9 Remove poor health, broken top
13 Bigleaf maple 26 Co-dominant Fair 12 Remove
14 Douglas-fir 16 Intermediate Good 10 Save
15 Bigleaf maple 8,10 Intermediate Fair 8 Save not marked (black
berries)
16 Bigleaf maple 8,13 Intermediate Poor 9 Remove broken top
17 Douglas-fir 42 Dominant Fair 15 Remove
18 Douglas-fir 28 Co-dominant Fair 13 Remove
19 Scouler's willow 6 Suppressed Fair 6 Remove not marked (black berries)
20 Douglas-fir 36 Dominant Fair 15 Remove
21 Red alder 12 Intermediate Fair 9 Remove
22 Douglas-fir 17 Co-dominant Fair 10 Remove
23 Douglas-fir 20 Co-dominant Fair 11 Remove
24 Douglas-fir 18 Co-dominant Fair 10 Remove
25 Bigleaf maple 12 Intermediate Fair 8 Remove
26 Bigleaf maple 18 Intermediate Good 12 Save
27 Douglas-fir 7 Intermediate Poor 6 Remove branch dieback
28 Bigleaf maple 28 Co-dominant Fair 13 Save
29 Bigleaf maple 20 Co-dominant Fair 11 Remove
30 Western red
cedar 18 Co-dominant Poor 11 Remove multi-topped
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Washington Forestry Consultants, Inc Page 17
# Species DBH (in) Crown Position Condition
Root Protection Zone (ft)
Project Plan Save or Remove Notes
31 Western red
cedar 19 Co-dominant Poor 12 Remove multi-topped
32 Western red
cedar 18 Co-dominant Poor 12 Remove multi-topped
33 Western red
cedar 18 Co-dominant Poor 12 Remove multi-topped
34 Western red
cedar 18 Co-dominant Poor 12 Remove multi-topped
35 Western red
cedar 22 Co-dominant Poor 12 Remove multi-topped
36 Scouler's willow 6 Suppressed Fair 6 Remove
37 Bigleaf maple 14 Intermediate Fair 10 Save
38 Red alder 14 Intermediate Very Poor 10 Remove Hazard Tree, dead
top, decay
39 Douglas-fir 18 Co-dominant Fair 11 Save
40 Douglas-fir 12 Intermediate Fair 10 Save
41 Douglas-fir 20 Co-dominant Fair 13 Save
42 Bigleaf maple 10 Intermediate Fair 9 Save
43 Douglas-fir 17 Co-dominant Fair 11 Save
44 Cherry spp 8 Suppressed Poor 6 Remove poor health, upper stem decay
45 Douglas-fir 20 Co-dominant Fair 12 Remove
46 Grand fir 11 Intermediate Good 10 Remove
47 Pacific madrone 6 Suppressed Poor 6 Remove leaf and twig blight
48 Pacific madrone 5-9 Intermediate Poor 10 Remove 3 stems, leaf and twig blight
49 Bigleaf maple 7-10 Intermediate Fair 10 Remove 3 stems
50 Cherry spp 12 Intermediate Fair 10 Remove
51 Cherry spp 12 Intermediate Fair 10 Remove
52 Cypress spp 6 Co-dominant Good 6 Remove located in Drive A
53 Cherry spp 6 Co-dominant Fair 6 Remove located in Drive A
54 Katsura 3-6 Co-dominant Good 6 Remove 3 stems
55 Vine maple 4,7 Co-dominant Good 6 Remove
56 Hinoki cypress 7 Co-dominant Good 6 Remove
57 Cypress spp 4,6 Co-dominant Good 6 Remove
58 Cherry spp 7 Co-dominant Fair 6 Remove located in Drive A
59 Cherry spp 6 Co-dominant Fair 6 Remove located in Drive A
60 Douglas-fir 14 Co-dominant Poor 10 Remove poor health, branch dieback
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Washington Forestry Consultants, Inc Page 18
# Species DBH (in) Crown Position Condition
Root Protection Zone (ft)
Project Plan Save or Remove Notes
61 Scouler's willow 4-8 Co-dominant Poor 10 Remove 4 stems, not suitable for development
62 Scouler's willow 4-12 Co-dominant Poor 12 Remove 10 stems, not suitable for
development
63 Douglas-fir 18 Co-dominant Good 10 Save
64 Scouler's willow 4-8 Co-dominant Poor 10 Remove not suitable for
development
65 Douglas-fir 16 Co-dominant Fair 10 Save
66 Douglas-fir 14 Co-dominant Poor 10 Remove low vigor
67 Bigleaf maple 9 Co-dominant Good 9 Save
68 European white birch 11 Co-dominant Fair 8 Remove
69 Cherry spp 7 Co-dominant Fair 6 Remove located in access tract
70 Western red
cedar 4-7 Co-dominant Good 8 Save 4 stems
71 Western white
pine 7 Co-dominant Fair 6 Save
72 Flowering plum 6,6 Co-dominant Poor 8 Remove broken top
73 Flowering plum 5,5 Co-dominant Poor 6 Remove previous branch failure
74 Flowering plum 5,9 Co-dominant Poor 6 Remove previous branch
failure
75 Western red cedar 12 Co-dominant Fair 8 Remove located in Drive A
76 Lombardi cottonwood 13 Co-dominant Fair 10 Remove not suitable for development
77 Lombardi cottonwood 14 Co-dominant Fair 11 Remove not suitable for development
78 Lombardi
cottonwood 10 Co-dominant Fair 8 Remove not suitable for
development
79 Lombardi cottonwood 19 Co-dominant Fair 11 Remove not suitable for development
80 Bigleaf maple 6,7 Suppressed Fair 8 Save
81 Cherry spp 10 Intermediate Fair 8 Save
82 Douglas-fir 15,18 Co-dominant Fair 15 Remove
83 Douglas-fir 20 Co-dominant Fair 12 Remove
84 Bigleaf maple 8-20 Co-dominant Poor 12 Remove 4 stems, co-dominant stems
85 Bigleaf maple 22 Co-dominant Poor 12 Remove poor structure, not suitable for
development
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Washington Forestry Consultants, Inc Page 19
# Species DBH (in) Crown Position Condition
Root Protection Zone (ft)
Project Plan Save or Remove Notes
86 Douglas-fir 18 Co-dominant Fair 11 Remove
87 Douglas-fir 14 Co-dominant Fair 10 Remove
88 Bigleaf maple 8-16 Co-dominant Poor 13 Remove poor branch structure
89 Bigleaf maple 11 Co-dominant Poor 9 Remove poor branch structure
90 Douglas-fir 18 Co-dominant Fair 10 Remove
91 Douglas-fir 11 Co-dominant Fair 10 Remove
92 Douglas-fir 16 Co-dominant Fair 10 Remove
93 Bigleaf maple 17,18 Co-dominant Fair 15 Remove
minor branch
dieback, prune dead branches
94 Western red cedar 7-15 Intermediate Poor 11 Save 3 stems, not counted towards retained trees
95 Douglas-fir 16 Co-dominant Poor 10 Remove lean
96 Douglas-fir 12 Co-dominant Fair 10 Remove
97 Douglas-fir 7 Intermediate Poor 6 Remove poor health, broken top
98 Douglas-fir 16 Co-dominant Fair 10 Remove
99 Bigleaf maple 6,17 Co-dominant Poor 12 Remove branch dieback
100 Bigleaf maple 6 Suppressed Poor 6 Remove poor health
101 Bigleaf maple 10 Intermediate Poor 7 Remove poor health
102 Red alder 14 Intermediate Poor 10 Remove poor health, stem
decay
103 Douglas-fir 17 Co-dominant Fair 10 Remove located in Drive A
104 Douglas-fir 20 Co-dominant Fair 11 Remove located in Drive A
105 Red alder 9 Intermediate Poor 8 Remove poor health, poor structure
106 Cherry spp 6 Intermediate Fair 6 Remove located in Drive A
107 Bigleaf maple 8 Intermediate Fair 6 Remove located in Drive A
108 Douglas-fir 30 Co-dominant Fair 14 Remove
109 Redwood 10,12 Suppressed Poor 10 Remove dead top, located in Drive A
110 Bigleaf maple 28 Co-dominant Poor 13 Save
poor branch structure, not
counted towards retained trees
111 Bigleaf maple 7 Intermediate Fair 6 Remove located in Drive A
112 Bigleaf maple 14 Intermediate Fair 10 Remove located in Drive A
113 Bigleaf maple 6,14 Intermediate Fair 10 Save not counted towards retained trees
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# Species DBH (in) Crown Position Condition
Root Protection Zone (ft)
Project Plan Save or Remove Notes
114 Scouler's willow 14 Intermediate Poor 10 Save
115 Red alder 10 Intermediate Poor 10 Save
116 Cherry spp 4-6 Intermediate Poor 10 Save 3 stems, low vigor, not counted towards retained trees
117 Bigleaf maple 8,20 Co-dominant Poor 13 Remove dead stem
118 Western red
cedar 18 Intermediate Fair 13 Remove located in Drive A
119 Western red
cedar 6 Suppressed Fair 6 Remove located in Drive A
120 Western red
cedar 20 Co-dominant Fair 13 Remove located in Drive A
121 Western red
cedar 21 Co-dominant Very
Good 14 Remove
122 Douglas-fir 28 Dominant Fair 15 Remove
123 Bigleaf maple 10-12 Co-dominant Fair 12 Remove 3 stems
124 Cherry spp 6 Co-dominant Fair 6 Remove
125 Cherry spp 6 Co-dominant Fair 6 Remove
126 Douglas-fir 32 Dominant Fair 15 Remove
127 Apple spp 9 Co-dominant Fair 6 Remove located in Drive A
128 Apple spp 7 Co-dominant Fair 6 Remove located in Drive A
129 Apple spp 5,6 Co-dominant Fair 6 Remove located in Drive A
130 Apple spp 5-7 Co-dominant Fair 6 Remove 3 stems, located in
Drive A
131 Apple spp 7 Co-dominant Fair 6 Remove located in Drive A
132 Bigleaf maple 9,10 Co-dominant Fair 11 Remove located in Drive A
133 Honey locust 8 Dominant Good 8 Remove located in Drive A
134 Red alder 7 Co-dominant Fair 8 Save not marked (black
berries)
135 Bigleaf maple 7 Intermediate Fair 7 Save
not marked (black berries), not counted
towards retained trees
136 Bigleaf maple 9 Intermediate Fair 7 Save
not marked (black berries), not counted
towards retained trees
137 Scouler's willow 6,10 Intermediate Poor 9 Save
138 Bigleaf maple 4 Intermediate Fair 6 Save not counted towards retained trees
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Washington Forestry Consultants, Inc Page 21
# Species DBH (in) Crown Position Condition
Root Protection Zone (ft)
Project Plan Save or Remove Notes
139 Bigleaf maple 8 Intermediate Fair 7 Save not counted towards retained trees
140 Red alder 8 Intermediate Poor 7 Save lean
141 Red alder 8 Intermediate Poor 7 Save dead top
142 Cherry spp 7 Intermediate Poor 6 Save poor health, not counted towards retained trees
143 Red alder 13 Intermediate Poor 8 Save poor branch structure
144 Bigleaf maple 5,6 Intermediate Poor 7 Save
poor branch
structure, not counted towards retained trees
145 Douglas-fir 14 Co-dominant Poor 10 Save Low vigor, not counted towards
retained trees
146 Cherry spp 8 Intermediate Poor 8 Save
poor branch
structure, not counted towards retained trees
147 Red alder 6 Intermediate Poor 6 Save poor branch structure
148 Douglas-fir 17 Co-dominant Fair 10 Save not counted towards retained trees
149 Cherry spp 7 Intermediate Poor 7 Save
poor branch structure, not counted towards
retained trees
150 Bigleaf maple 22 Co-dominant Fair 12 Save not counted towards
retained trees
151 Bigleaf maple 16 Co-dominant Poor 10 Remove branch dieback, poor structure
152 Bigleaf maple 17 Co-dominant Poor 10 Save
branch dieback, poor
structure, not counted towards
retained trees
153 Bigleaf maple 5-13 Co-dominant Fair 10 Remove 3 stems
154 Bigleaf maple 27 Co-dominant Fair 12 Remove
155 Bigleaf maple 4,8 Suppressed Poor 7 Remove low vigor
156 Douglas-fir 6 Suppressed Poor 6 Remove low vigor
157 Scouler's willow 10 Intermediate Poor 7 Remove not suitable for
development
158 Douglas-fir 6 Intermediate Fair 6 Remove
159 Douglas-fir 16 Co-dominant Fair 11 Remove
160 Douglas-fir 18 Co-dominant Fair 12 Remove
161 Douglas-fir 20 Co-dominant Fair 11 Remove
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# Species DBH (in) Crown Position Condition
Root Protection Zone (ft)
Project Plan Save or Remove Notes
162 Douglas-fir 18 Co-dominant Fair 10 Remove
163 Douglas-fir 20 Co-dominant Fair 12 Remove
164 Douglas-fir 6 Suppressed Fair 6 Remove
165 Douglas-fir 7 Suppressed Fair 6 Remove
166 Douglas-fir 22 Co-dominant Fair 12 Remove
167 Western red
cedar 14 Intermediate Fair 10 Remove
168 Douglas-fir 22 Co-dominant Fair 12 Remove ivy
169 Douglas-fir 18 Co-dominant Fair 11 Remove ivy
170 Douglas-fir 15 Co-dominant Fair 10 Remove ivy
171 Bigleaf maple 5-18 Co-dominant Poor 15 Remove 5 stems, poor structure
172 Bigleaf maple 10-
15 Co-dominant Poor 15 Remove 4 stems, poor
structure
173 Douglas-fir 15 Co-dominant Fair 10 Remove
174 Western hemlock 13 Intermediate Good 10 Remove
175 Western red
cedar 18 Co-dominant Fair 10 Save
176 Douglas-fir 13 Co-dominant Fair 10 Remove
177 Douglas-fir 13 Co-dominant Fair 10 Remove
178 Bigleaf maple 7 Co-dominant Fair 7 Save
179 Bigleaf maple 7 Co-dominant Fair 7 Save
180 Bigleaf maple 22 Dominant Fair 14 Save
181 Bigleaf maple 11 Co-dominant Fair 9 Remove
182 Bigleaf maple 6 Intermediate Fair 6 Save
183 Bigleaf maple 10 Co-dominant Fair 9 Save
184 Bigleaf maple 4-7 Co-dominant Fair 10 Save
185 Bigleaf maple 9 Co-dominant Fair 9 Save
186 Bigleaf maple 9 Co-dominant Fair 9 Save
187 Bigleaf maple 7 Co-dominant Fair 6 Save
188 Bigleaf maple 6 Co-dominant Fair 6 Save
189 Bigleaf maple 8 Co-dominant Fair 8 Save
190 Bigleaf maple 8 Co-dominant Fair 8 Save
191 Bigleaf maple 30 Dominant Fair 18 Save
192 Cherry spp 7 Co-dominant Fair 7 Save
193 Bigleaf maple 9 Co-dominant Fair 8 Remove
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Appendix IV
Table 6. Copperwood Project Storm Pond Area Tree Condition by Diameter Class and
Species.
Poor Health
Diameter Class (in)
Species 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22+
Bigleaf Maple 1 3 2 1 1
Douglas-fir 1 4 2 1
Fair Health
Diameter Class (in)
Species 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22+
Bigleaf Maple 1 1 1
Douglas-fir 1 5 1 2 1 6
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Table 7. Copperwood Project Stream Buffer Zone Tree Condition by Diameter Class and Species.
Poor Health
Diameter Class (in)
Species 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22+
Bigleaf Maple 1 3 1 2 2 1 2 4
Douglas-fir 1 0 0
Cherry spp. 1 1
Fair Health
Diameter Class (in)
Species 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22+
Bigleaf Maple 6 4 1 4 3 2 1 3 3
Douglas-fir 1 3 1 5 0 0 1 5
Western Red Cedar 1
Cherry spp. 1
Good Health
Diameter Class (in)
Species 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22+
Bigleaf Maple 3 3
Douglas-fir 6 1 1
Western Red Cedar 1 2 1
Blue spruce 1
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Appendix V
WFCI Photo Log (4/14/2014)
Photo A. Trees to # 3-4 to be retained. All trees evaluated within the residential
area have blue numbers painted at the base.
Photo B. View looking south along the western boundary of the project area.
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Photo C. View from the northern project boundary looking south-east towards the stream and forested area.
Photo D. Large black cottonwood trees in the northwest corner of the project site. Trees are over mature and prone failure.
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Appendix VI
Individual Tree Rating Key for Tree Condition
RATING SYMBOL DEFINITION
Very Good VG • Balanced crown that is characteristic of the species
• Normal lateral and terminal branch growth rates for the species and
soil type
• Stem sound, normal bark vigor
• No root problems
• No insect or disease problems
• Long-term, attractive tree
Good G • Crown lacking symmetry but nearly balanced
• Normal lateral and terminal branch growth rates for the species and soil type
• Minor twig dieback O.K.
• Stem sound, normal bark vigor
• No root problems
• No or minor insect or disease problems – insignificant
• Long-term tree
Fair F • Crown lacking symmetry due to branch loss
• Slow lateral and terminal branch growth rates for the species and soil type
• Minor and major twig dieback – starting to decline
• Stem partly unsound, slow diameter growth and low bark vigor
• Minor root problems
• Minor insect or disease problems
• Short-term tree 10-30 years
Poor P • Major branch loss – unsymmetrical crown
• Greatly reduced growth
• Several structurally import dead or branch scaffold branches
• Stem has bark loss and significant decay with poor bark vigor
• Root damage
• Insect or disease problems – remedy required
• Short-term tree 1-10 years
Very Poor VP • Lacking adequate live crown for survival and growth
• Severe decline
• Minor and major twig dieback
• Stem unsound, bark sloughing, previous stem or large branch
failures, very poor bark vigor
• Severe root problems or disease
• No or minor insect or disease problems
• Mortality expected within the next few years
Dead DEAD • Dead
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Cultural Care Needs:
ABBRV. ACTIVITY DESCRIPTION
CC Crown Cleaning
Pruning of dead, dying, diseased, damaged, or defective branches over 1/2 inch in diameter –includes removal of dead tops
CT Crown Thinning
Pruning of branches described in crown cleaning, plus thinning of up to 20% of the live branches over ½ inch diameter. Branch should be 1/3 to ½ the diameter of the
lateral branch. Thinning should be well distributed throughout crown of tree, and should release healthy, long-term branches.
RC Crown
Reduction
Reduction of the crown of a tree by pruning to lateral branches. Generally used to
remove declining branches or to lighten end weight on long branches.
CR Crown
Raising
Pruning of lower branches to remove deadwood or to provide ground or building
clearances.
RMV Remove Remove tree due to decline or hazardous conditions that cannot be mitigated by
pruning.
RS Remove
Sprouts
Remove basal sprouts from stem of tree.
Rep Replace Tree is small – is in decline or dead. Replace with suitable tree species.
HT Hazard Tree Tree is hazardous and cannot be mitigated by pruning. Recommendation is to
remove tree.
None No Work No work necessary at this time.
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Appendix VII
Description of Tree Evaluation Methodology
The evaluation of the tree condition on this site included the visual assessment of: 1. Live-crown ratio,
2. Lateral and terminal branch growth rates,
3. Presence of dieback in minor and major scaffold branches and twigs,
4. Foliage color, 5. Stem soundness and other structural defects,
6. Visual root collar examination,
7. Presence of insect or disease problems.
8. Windfirmness if tree removal will expose this tree to failure.
In cases where signs of internal defect or disease were suspected, a core sample was taken to look for stain, decay, and diameter growth rates. Also, root collars were exposed to look for the
presence of root disease.
In all cases, the overall appearance of the tree was considered relative to its ability to add value to either an individual lot or the entire subdivision. Also, the scale of the tree and its proximity
to both proposed and existing houses was considered.
Lastly, the potential for incorporation into the project design is evaluated, as well as potential site
plan modifications that may allow otherwise removed tree(s) to be both saved and protected in the development.
Trees that are preserved in a development must be carefully selected to make sure that they can
survive construction impacts, adapt to a new environment, and perform well in the landscape.
Healthy, vigorous trees are better able to tolerate impacts such as root injury, changes in soils moisture regimes, and soil compaction than are low vigor trees.
Structural characteristics are also important in assessing suitability. Trees with significant decay
and other structural defects that cannot be treated are likely to fail. Such trees should not be
preserved in areas where damage to people or property could occur. Trees that have developed in a forest stand are adapted to the close, dense conditions found in
such stands. When surrounding trees are removed during clearing and grading, the remaining
trees are exposed to extremes in wind, temperature, solar radiation, which causes sunscald, and
other influences. Young, vigorous trees with well-developed crowns are best able to adapt to these changing site conditions.
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Appendix VIII
Glossary of Forestry and Arboricultural Terminology
DBH: Diameter at Breast Height (measured 4.5 ft. above the ground line on the high side of the
tree).
Caliper: In Issaquah - Caliper is referring to diameter measurement at DBH.
Live Crown Ratio: Ratio of live foliage on the stem of the tree. Example: A 100’ tall tree with
40 feet of live crown would have a 40% live crown ratio. Conifers with less than 30% live crown ratio are generally not considered to be long-term trees in forestry.
Crown: Portion of a trees stem covered by live foliage.
Crown Position: Position of the crown with respect to other trees in the stand.
Dominant Crown Position: Receives light from above and from the sides.
Codominant Crown Position: Receives light from above and some from the sides.
Intermediate Crown Position: Receives little light from above and none from the sides. Trees tend to be slender with poor live crown ratios.
Suppressed Crown Position: Receives no light from above and none from the sides. Trees
tend to be slender with poor live crown ratios.
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Appendix IX
Tree Protection Fence Detail
6 ft. Temporary Chain Link Fence on Driven Posts
NO TRESPASSING - Protected Trees
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Appendix X
Assumptions and Limiting Conditions
1) Any legal description provided to the Washington Forestry Consultants, Inc. is assumed to be correct. Any titles and ownership's to any property are assumed to be good and marketable. No responsibility is assumed for matters legal in character. Any and all property is appraised or evaluated as though free and clear, under responsible ownership and competent management.
2) It is assumed that any property is not in violation of any applicable codes, ordinances, statutes, or other governmental regulations, unless otherwise stated.
3) Care has been taken to obtain all information from reliable sources. All data has been verified insofar as
possible; however, Washington Forestry Consultants, Inc. can neither guarantee nor be responsible for the accuracy of information. 4) Washington Forestry Consultants, Inc. shall not be required to give testimony or to attend court by reason of this report unless subsequent contractual arrangements are made, including payment of an additional fee for such services as described in the fee schedule and contract of engagement. 5) Loss or alteration of any part of this report invalidated the entire report.
6) Possession of this report or a copy thereof does not imply right of publication or use for any purpose by any
other than the person to whom it is addressed, without the prior expressed written or verbal consent of Washington Forestry Consultants, Inc.
7) Neither all or any part of the contents of this report, nor copy thereof, shall be conveyed by anyone, including the client, to the public through advertising, public relations, news, sales or other media, without the prior expressed written or verbal consent of Washington Forestry Consultants, Inc. -- particularly as to value conclusions, identity of Washington Forestry Consultants, Inc., or any reference to any professional society or to any initialed designation conferred upon Washington Forestry Consultants, Inc. as stated in its
qualifications.
8) This report and any values expressed herein represent the opinion of Washington Forestry Consultants, Inc., and the fee is in no way contingent upon the reporting of a specified value, a stipulated result, the occurrence
neither of a subsequent event, nor upon any finding in to reported. 9) Sketches, diagrams, graphs, and photographs in this report, being intended as visual aids, are not necessarily to scale and should not be construed as engineering or architectural reports or surveys. 10) Unless expressed otherwise: 1) information contained in this report covers only those items that were examined and reflects the condition of those items at the time of inspection; and 2) the inspection is limited to visual examination of accessible items without dissection, excavation, probing, or coring. There is no
warranty or guarantee, expressed or implied, that problems or deficiencies of the tree or other plant or property in question may not arise in the future.
Note: Even healthy trees can fail under normal or storm conditions. The only way to eliminate all risk is to remove all trees within reach of all targets. Annual monitoring by an ISA Certified Arborist or Certified Forester will reduce the potential of tree failures. It is impossible to predict with certainty that a tree will stand or fail, or the timing of the failure. It is considered an ‘Act of God’ when a tree fails, unless it is directly felled or pushed over by man’s actions.