HomeMy WebLinkAbout300-62CITY OF
Renton ' POLICY & PROCEDURE
Subject: DRUG AND ALCOHOL TESTING Index: 300
PROGRAM FOR DRIVERS OF Number: 300-62
COMMERCIAL MOTOR VEHICLES
Effective Date: Supersedes: Page: Staff Contact: Approved B :
6/26/2017 01/02/1997 1 of 23 Ellen Bradle -Mak
1.0 PURPOSE:
To establish a program to comply with federal regulations requiring that drug and
alcohol testing be conducted for employees who operate, or who might operate,
commercial motor vehicles and who are required to have a Commercial Driver's License
CDL) in intrastate (within a state) travel for the City of Renton. (See sections 5.6 and
5.10.)
2.0 ORGANIZATIONS AFFECTED:
This policy affects all employees that are required to hold a CDL for their employment
with the City of Renton.
3.0 REFERENCES:
Omnibus Transportation Employee Testing Act of 1991.
49 Code of Federal Re ulations Part 172.
49 Code of Federal Re ulations Part 40.
49 Code of Federal Re ulations Part 382.
National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA).
Department of Health & Human Services (DHHS).
National Association of Alcoholism and Drug Abuse Counselors Certification
Commission.
Drug and Alcohol Testing Program for Drivers of Commercial Motor Vehicles.
Employee Assistance Program (EAP).
4.0 POLICY:
It is the policy of the City of Renton to provide a drug free, safe and healthful working
environment and to prevent accidents and injuries resulting from misuse of alcohol or
use of controlled substances by drivers of commercial motor vehicles.
300-62 Drug and Alcohol Testing Program
for Drivers of Commercial Motor Vehicles
p. 2
Empfoyees who may operate commercial motor vehicles and who are subject to this
policy are also subject to the City's other personnel policies, including any generally-
applicable policies addressing substance abuse and testing.
Throughout this policy, any provisions that are based on the City's sole authority (vs.
mandated by federal regulations) will be underlined.
5.0 DEFINITIONS:
5.1 Alcohol: The intoxicating agent in beverage alcohol, ethyl alcohol, or other low
molecular weight alcohol including methyl and isopropyl alcohol.
5.2 Alcohol Concentration (or Content): The alcohol in a volume of breath
expressed in terms of grams of alcohol per 210 liters of breath as indicated by an
evidential breath test.
5.3 Alcohol Test: A test conducted by a Breath Alcohol Technician, or any other
person approved by the U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT) rules, using an
Evidential Breath Testing (EBT) Device to measure the amount of alcohol in a
volume of breath, or any other test used to detect the presence of alcohol that
is approved by the Federal Highway Administration (FHA).
5.4 Alcohol Use: The consumption of any beverage, mixture or preparation
containing alcohol, including any medication containing alcohol.
5.5 Breath Alcohol Technician (BAT): A trained individual who instructs and assists
individuals in the alcohol testing process and who operates the EBT device.
5.6 Commercial Motor Vehicle (CMV): A motor vehicle or a combination of motor
vehicles used in commerce to transport passengers or property if the motor
vehicle:
5.6.1 Has a gross combination weight to 26,001 or more pounds, inclusive of a
towed unit with a gross vehicle weight rating of more than 10,000
pounds; or
5.6.2 Has a gross combination weight of 26,001 or more pounds; or
5.6.3 Is designed to transport 16 or more passengers, including the driver; or
5.6.4 Is of any size and is used in the transportation of materials found to be
hazardous for the purposes of the Hazardous Materials Transportation
Act, and that require the motor vehicle to be placarded under the 49
Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Part 172, subpart F.
300-62 Drug and Alcohol Testing Program
for Drivers of Commercial Motor Vehicles
p.3
5.7 Confirmation Test:
5.7.1 For alcohol testing, a confirmation test means a second test following a
screening test with a result of 0.02 or greater that provides quantitative
data of alcohol concentration. Confirmation of the screening test must
be by a DOT-approved EBT device.
5.7.2 For controlled substances testing, a confirmation test means a second
analytical procedure to identify the presence of a specific drug
metabolite that is independent of the screen test and that uses a
different technique and chemical principle from that of the screen test in
order to ensure reliability and accuracy. Gas Chromatography/Mass
Spectrometry (GC/MS) is the authorized confirmation method for
cocaine, marijuana, opiates, amphetamines, and phencyclidine.
5.8 Controlled Substances/Drugs: For purposes of these procedures, controlled
substances or drugs are cocaine, marijuana, opiates, amphetamines,
phencyclidine and any other substance determined by DOT to be a controlled
substance.
5.9 Controlled Substance (or Drug)Test: A method for determining the presence of
controlled substances in a urine sample using a scientifically reliable method
performed in accordance with procedures specified in 49 CFR 40.
5.10 Commercial Driver or Driver or Covered Employee: Any person who has a
commercial driver's license (CDL) and who may operate a commercial motor
vehicle at the direction of, or with the consent of the City, including, but not
limited to, full time or part-time, regularly appointed emptoyees, and temporary
or intermittent employees. For the purposes of pre-employment/pre-duty
testing only, the term "driver" includes a person applying to the City for a
position that may involve driving a commercial motor vehicle.
5.11 Designated Employee Representative (DER): Please see section 6.12 of this
policy.
5.12 Evidential Breath Testing (EBT) Device: A device approved by the National
Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) and placed on NHTSA's
conforming products list and is used for evidential testing of breath.
5.13 Follow-up Test: An alcohol and/or controlled substances test administered to a
driver who has violated the regulations and City policy and who has been
permitted to return to duty after passing a return-to-duty alcohol and/or
controlled substances test.
300-62 Drug and Alcohol Testing Program
for Drivers of Commercial Motor Vehicles
p.4
5.14 Medical Review Officer(MRO): A licensed physician (medical doctor or doctor
of osteopathy) responsible for receiving laboratory results generated by the
City's drug testing program, who has knowledge of substance abuse disorders,
and who has appropriate medical training to interpret and evaluate an
individual's confirmed positive test result together with his or her medical
history and any other relevant biomedical information.
5.15 Performing a Safety-Sensitive Function: A driver is considered to be performing
a safety-sensitive function during any period in which he or she is actually
performing, ready to perform, or immediately available to perform any safety-
sensitive functions.
5.16 Post-Accident Test: An alcohol and/or drug test administered to a driver
following an accident involving a commercial motor vehicle.
5.17 Pre-Employment Test: An alcohol and/or drug test administered to an individual
prior to appointment to a position that will require the employee to perform a
safety-sensitive function, or to a current employee who becomes a commercial
driver through promotion, change in assignment or acting out-of-class.
5.18 Prohibited Behaviors: DOT regulations prescribe prohibited behaviors for
employees subject to the City drug and alcohol testing program. For purposes of
this program, prohibited behaviors include but are not limited to the following:
5.18.1 Reporting for duty or remaining on duty and performing safety-sensitive
functions while having an alcohol concentration of 0.04 or greater. (Note: A
driver tested under the requirements of this policy who is found to have an
alcohol concentration of 0.02 or greater but less than 0.04 shall be removed
immediately from performing safety-sensitive functions until the start of the
driver's next regu arly scheduled duty period, but not less than 24 hours
following the test administration; the driver may also be subject to
discipline.)
5.18.2 Possession of alcohol while on duty or operating a commercial motor
vehicle.
5.18.3 Use of alcohol while performing safety-sensitive functions, including
alcohol that may be in medications.
5.18.4 Performing safety-sensitive functions within four hours after having used
alcohol.
5.18.5 Use of alcohol within eight (8) hours following an accident or before
undergoing a post-accident alcohol test, whichever occurs first.
300-62 Drug and Alcohol Testing Program
for Drivers of Commercial Motor Vehicles
p.5
5.18.6 Reporting for duty or remaining on duty performing safety-sensitive
functions after having used any controlled substance, except when the
use is pursuant to the instructions of a physician who has advised the
driver that the substance does not adversely affect the driver's ability to
safely operate a commercial motor vehicle. Notwithstanding this
exception for certain medications, the medical use of marijuana that
causes drug or drug metabolites to be present in the body above
minimum thresholds established in 49 CFR Part 40 constitutes prohibited
conduct regardless of whether the marijuana was used under the
guidance of a medical practitioner and regardless of whether the medical
practitioner advised that such use will not adversely affect the driver's
ability to safely operate a commercial motor vehicle.
5.18.7 Refusing to submit or to cooperate in providing valid sample(s) for post-
accident, random, reasonable suspicion, or follow-up alcohol or
controlled substances test(s) as directed pursuant to this poticy.
5.18.8 Reporting for duty, remaining on duty, or performing safety-sensitive
functions while under the influence of a controlled substance.
5.19 Random Test: An alcohol and/or controlled substances test administered to a
driver who has been randomly selected by a scientifically valid method from
among the pool of City drivers subject to such tests.
5.20 Reasonable Suspicion Test: An alcohol and/or controlled substances test
administered to a driver as a result of a trained supervisor's or trained City
official's belief that the driver has violated the alcohol or controlled substances
prohibitions of the regulations and City policy. A reasonable suspicion
determination must be based on specific, contemporaneous, articulable
observations concerning the appearance, behavior, speech or body odors of the
driver. These observations may include indications of the chronic and
withdrawal effects of controlled substances.
5.21 Refusal to Submit to an Alcohol or Controlled Substances Test Means:
5.21.1 A driver fails to provide adequate breath for testing without a valid
medical explanation after he or she has received notice of the
requirement for breath testing.
5.21.2 A driver fails to provide adequate urine for controlled substances testing
without a valid medical explanation after he or she has received notice of
the requirement for urine testing.
300-62 Drug and Alcohol Testing Program
for Drivers of Commercial Motor Vehicles
p. 6
5.21.3 A driver engages in conduct that obstructs or interferes with the testing
process. This may include, but is not limited to: failure to cooperate or
follow instructions, leaving the testing site before the testing process is
complete, having an adulterated or substituted tests result, or
possession or use of a prosthetic device that could be used to interfere
with the coltection process.
5.21.4 A driver fails to be readily available for any City-ordered drug or alcohol
test.
5.22 Return-To-Duty Test: An alcohol and/or controlled substances test administered
to a driver who has violated the prohibitions of this policy prior to the driver
being permitted to return to duty.
5.23 Safety-Sensitive Functions: This encompasses all time from when a driver
begins to work or is required to be in readiness to work until the time the driver
is relieved from work and all responsibility for performing work. For the
purposes of this program, the following items provide non-exclusive descriptions
of activities that are considered safety-sensitive functions when performed by a
commercial driver, as defined in section 5.10.
5.23.1 When a driver spends time at a carrier or shipper plant, terminal, facility
or other property, or on any public property, waiting to be dispatched,
unless the driver has been relieved from duty by the City.
5.23.2 When a driver inspects equipment, services or conditions of any motor
vehicle at any time.
5.23.3 During all "driving time" meaning all time spent at the driving controls of
a motor vehicle in operation.
5.23.4 During all times, other than driving time, in or upon any motor vehicle.
5.23.5 When loading or unloading a vehicle, supervising, or assisting the loading
or unloading, attending a vehicle being loaded or unloaded, remaining in
readiness to operate the vehicle, or in giving or receiving receipts for
shipments loaded or unloaded.
5.23.6 During time repairing, obtaining assistance or remaining in attendance
upon a disabled vehicle.
300-62 Drug and Alcohol Testing Program
for Drivers of Commercial Motor Vehicles
p.7
5.24 Screening Test (Initial Test):
5.24.1 In alcohol testing, a screening test means an analytical procedure to
determine whether a driver may have a prohibited concentration of
alcohol in his or her systems.
5.24.2 In controlled substances testing, a screening test means an immunoassay
screen, or other Department of Health & Human Services (DHHS)-
approved test, to eliminate "negative" urine specimens from further
consideration.
5.25 Substance Abuse Professional (SAP): A licensed physician or a licensed or
certified psychologist, social worker, drug assistance professional, or addiction
counselor (certified by the National Association of Alcoholism and Drug Abuse
Counselors Certification Commission) with knowledge of and clinical experience
in the diagnosis and treatment of alcohol and controlled substances-related
disorders.
5.26 Supervisor: Any City director, manager, supervisor, lead worker, or coordinator
with supervisory responsibilities over other City employees.
5.27 Trained Supervisor or Trained City Official: Any supervisor or other City official
who has successfully completed a training program of no less than two hours
and has received certification verifying successful completion of the training on
identifying the signs and symptoms of alcohol and controlled substance
problems in the work environment.
6.0 PROCEDURES:
6.1 Testing Process: Specimen collections will be conducted in accordance with the
procedures of 49 CFR Part 40, as amended. The collection procedures are
designed to ensure the security and integrity of the specimen provided by each
covered employee, and those procedures will strictly follow federal chain-of-
custody guidelines. Moreover, reasonable effort will be made to preserve the
individual's privacy as much as possible consistent federal regulations designed
to ensure an accurate result. As required by DOT regulations, only a laboratory
certified by the DHHS will perform the analysis of the urine specimen for
controlled substances.
6.2 Required Tests: Regulations require that alcohol and drug testing be performed
in several different circumstances. These tests are pre-employment testing,
post-accident testing, random testing, reasonable suspicion testing and return-
to-work testing.
300-62 Drug and Alcohol Testing Program
for Drivers of Commercial Motor Vehicles
p.8
6.2.1 Pre-Employment Testing: Under this policy, pre-employment testing is
conducted to ensure that no person is appointed to a City position that
requires driving a commercial motor vehicle until the person successfully
completes the required drug and alcohol test. Pre-employment testing is
required for:
6.2.1.1 Applicants selected for hire into a position that requires driving a
commercial motor vehicle.
6.2.1.2 Current City employees who are selected for new assignment to a
position that requires driving a commercial motor vehicle,
including those who drive a commercial motor vehicle on an
intermittent or temporary basis.
6.2.2 Each job flyer, advertisement, or other recruiting notice published and/or
distributed for a position that includes driving a CMV shall include notice
that pre-employment drug and alcohol tests will be administered to each
person offered employment for such a position.
6.2.3 Job offers to a person selected to fill a position that involves driving a
CMV shall include information that:
6.2.3.1 The offer is conditional pending completion of a drug and alcohol
test and the receipt of negative test results;
6.2.3.2 Refusal to participate in the testing wilt be disqualifying and will
cancel the conditional offer of employment;
6.2.3.3 The testing will be conducted by a contractor selected by the City
and results will be reviewed by medical professionals;
6.2.3.4 The individual must report to a specified test collection facility at
least three days prior to starting employment with the City; and
6.2.3.5 A valid driver's license must be presented at the test site for
identification.
6.2.4 During the hiring process, applicants will be asked to read and sign a Pre-
Employment Drug and Alcohol Test Consent Form.
6.2.5 After a conditional offer of employment, the candidate will be scheduled
by the Human Resources & Risk Management Department for testing at
the contractor's facility. Notice to the applicant of the date, time, and
place for the testing may be by phone conversation, in person, or by
registered maiL
300-62 Drug and Alcohol Testing Program
for Drivers of Commercial Motor Vehicles
p.9
6.2.6 Transportation to the testing site and the time required for the test will
be the responsibility of the applicant, for which no compensation or
reimbursement will be provided by the City.
6.2.7 Any of the following events will disqualify an applicant from appointment
to a City position that involves driving a commercial motor vehicle for a
period of one year:
6.2.7.1 Positive test for drugs or alcohol;
6.2.7.2 Refusal to submit to a pre-employment drug or alcohol test;
6.2.7.3 Failure to appear for a drug or alcohol test by three days prior to
starting employment, absent his or her involvement in a vehicle
accident or a genuine medical emergency.
6.2.8 Current City employees who are candidates for promotion, transfer or
reassignment for the first time to a position that involves driving a
commercial motor vehicle will be subject to the same procedure and the
same consequences for failure to comply with testing requirements.
6.2.9 If the pre-employment test result reflects drug abuse or alcohol misuse
by a current City employee while on duty, the Human Resources & Risk
Management Department will notify the employee's supervisor of the
positive result. Appropriate action will be taken by the supervisor, after
investigation and consultation with the Human Resources & Risk
Management Administrator, and may involve discipline, up to and
including termination.
6.3 Random Testing: In this type of testing, employees who drive commercial motor
vehicles are selected at random and scheduled for drug and alcohol testing at
unpredictable times throughout each year. The purpose of random testing is to
serve as a deterrent, and to identify commercial drivers who are abusing drugs
or misusing alcohol.
6.3.1 Selection Process:
6.3.1.1 Each year at least 25%of the average total number of commercial
drivers will be randomly selected to take a drug test and at least
10%of the average total number of commercial drivers will be
randomly selected to take an alcohol test.
6.3.1.2 On an unannounced basis, the City's contractor for drug and
alcohol testing will generate a list of persons to be tested. The
contractor will use a scientifically valid, random number selection
300-62 Drug and Alcohol Testing Program
for Drivers of Commercial Motor Vehicles
p. 10
method that will ensure that covered empioyees have an equal
chance of being selected. The number of employees tested will
vary throughout the year.
6.3.1.3 Human Resources will notify the director or his/her designee
when employees in that division are selected for a drug and/or
a cohol test.
6.3.1.4 If an employee is on an extended leave of absence and
unavailable for testing during the testing period, an alternative
may be selected. In that case, the employee's supervisor must
prepare written documentation explaining the reason any
commercial driver is unavailable for a random test. If an
employee is chosen for random testing and is unavailable due to
vacation or other short-term absence, the employee will be
tested upon his/her return to work.
6.3.1.5 Covered employees who are for any reason removed from the
random testing pool for a period of 30 days or more, will be
required to take a drug and alcohol test that shows a negative
result before they are permitted to perform safety-sensitive
functions.
6.3.2 Notification of Employees:
6.3.2.1 Employees selected to take a random drug or alcohol test will
receive an Employee Notification of a Scheduled Drug Screen or
an Employee Notification of a Scheduled Alcohol Breath Test
form and a Drug/Alcohol Testing Consent Form and submit to a
drug and/or alcohol test at a time and place as directed by the
City.
6.3.2.2 An employee notified of drug and/or alcohol testing must
proceed immediately to the testing site. City departments will
coordinate scheduling and transportation arrangements for their
employees selected to take random drug or alcohol tests.
6.3.2.3 Premature disclosure of any selected employee's name is a
violation of this program and will subject violators to discipline,
up to and including termination.
6.3.2.4 A driver shall only be tested for alcohol just before, during or
after performing safety-sensitive functions; controlled substance
testing may occur at any time while the driver is working.
300-62 Drug and Alcohoi Testing Program
for Drivers of Commercial Motor Vehicles
p. 11
6.3.3 If the random test result reflects drug abuse or alcohol misuse by a
current City employee while on duty, the Human Resources & Risk
Management Department will notify the employee's supervisor of the
positive result. Appropriate action will be taken by the supervisor, after
investigation and consultation with the Human Resources & Risk
Management Administrator, and may involve discipline, up to and
including termination.
6.4 Reasonable Suspicion Testing: Federal regulations require the City to test
commercial drivers for alcohol and drugs when the City has a reasonable
suspicion that the driver has engaged in prohibited behaviors (see section 5.17).
Nothing contained herein shall in any way be construed to restrict the City's
right to order fit-for-duty examinations and/or other measures that are
consistent with law and designed to promote safety in the workplace.
6.4.1 Basis for Reasonable Suspicion: Reasonable suspicion is based on a
trained supervisor's specific, contemporaneous and articulable
observations concerning the appearance, behavior, speech or body odors
of a commercial driver. The basis for reasonable suspicion must be
documented by the supervisor on the Supervisor's Reasonable Suspicion
Checklist. The Citv has the ri ht to order drivers to submit to alcohol and
dru testin if thev are involved in anv workplace accident unless the Citv
concludes there is no reasonable possibilitv that dru or alcohol use was
a factor in the accident.
6.4.2 Authority to Order Alcohol and/or Drug Tests Based on Reasonable
Suspicion: Trained supervisors are authorized to order a driver to submit
to an alcohol and/or drug test when the supervisor has a reasonable
suspicion the driver has engaged in a prohibited behavior (see section
5.17). Reasonable suspicion drug testing is authorized when the
supervisor's observation of the driver's behavior occurs any time during
the workday. Reasonable suspicion alcohol testing is authorized only if
the supervisor's observation of the driver's behavior has been made
during,just preceding, or just after performing any safety-sensitive
function.
6.4.3 Supervisor Responsibilities: When a trained supervisor has a reasonable
suspicion that a driver has violated any of the prohibitions contained in
these regulations, the supervisor will take reasonably necessary
measures consistent with law to protect the life and safety of employees
and others who could be endangered by a driver believed to be in
viofation of this policy, including but not limited to the following actions.
300-62 Drug and Alcohol Testing Program
for Drivers of Commercial Motor Vehicles
p. 12
6.4.3.1 The trained supervisor will notify any driver suspected of a
violation that he/she is being directed to submit to a reasonable
suspicion drug and/or alcohol test. The supervisor will request the
driver to read and sign the Reasonable Suspicion Drug and/or
Alcohol Testing Consent Form.
6.4.3.2 The trained supervisor will not permit any driver suspected of a
violation to perform any safety-sensitive functions until after
alcohol and/or drug tests are conducted and negative test results
are received.
6.4.3.3 The supervisor will take steps to secure any area where alcohol,
drugs, suspected illegal substances, or paraphernalia are found. If
illegal substances are found or if a supervisor suspects illegal
activity has occurred, the supervisor will contact the Police
Department, the division director and the Human Resources &
Risk Management Department as soon as possible.
6.4.3.4 If the driver shows the supervisor a prescription drug, the
supervisor will record all information on the drug container and
provide a physical description of the medication (e.g. number,
color, shape of pills, etc.).
6.4.3.5 After taking steps to ensure the safety of employees and others
who could be endangered by a driver believed to be in violation
of these regulations, the supervisor will complete and sign a
Supervisory Documentation Report Form setting forth the specific
behavior observed to support the supervisor's reasonable
suspicion of a violation. The Reasonable Suspicion Report form
must be completed within 24 hours of the observed behavior or
before the results of the drug and and/or alcohol tests are
released, whichever is earlier.
6.4.3.6 Following a determination of reasonable suspicion, drug and/or
alcohol tests should be ordered as soon as possible. If not
conducted within two hours of such incident, supervisors must
document the specific reason(s) for the delay in the mandatory
testing procedures. Under no circumstances will an alcohol test
be conducted more than eight hours following a determination of
reasonable suspicion.
6.4.4 Test Scheduling and Transportation Arrangements: The supervisor should
call the Designated Employee Representative, hereafter DER, in the
Human Resources & Risk Management Department and request the
300-62 Drug and Alcohol Testing Program
for Drivers of Commercial Motor Vehicles
p. 13
designated medical staff at the City's contractor's facility to inform them
that a City employee will be brought in for a reasonable suspicion drug
and/or alcohol test. The supervisor will make arrangements to transport
the suspected employee to and from the medical facility. Under no
circumstances will the suspected employee be permitted to drive.
6.4.5 Return to Duty Following Reasonable Suspicion Determination: The
supervisor shall not permit a driver to report for duty, remain on duty,
perform, or continue to perform any safety-sensitive functions while the
driver is impaired by alcohol, as shown by the behavioral, speech, or
performance indicators of alcohol misuse, until: (1) an alcohol test is
administered and the driver's alcohol concentration measures less than
0.02 percent; or (2) the start of the driver's next regularly-scheduled duty
period, but not less than twenty-four (24) hours following the
supervisor's determination that reasonable suspicion exists.
6.4.6. If the reasonable suspicion test result reflects drug abuse or alcohol
misuse by a current City employee while on duty, the Human Resources
Risk Management Department will notify the employee's supervisor of
the positive result. Appropriate action will be taken by the supervisor,
after investigation and consultation with the Human Resources & Risk
Management Administrator, and may involve discipline, up to and
including termination.
6.5 Post-Accident Testing: The purpose of post-accident drug and/or alcohol testing
is to determine whether a commercial driver's condition might have played a
role in certain accidents involving a commercial motor vehicle or any other City
vehicle driven on behalf of, and with the consent of, a City department.
For the purposes of this section, "accident" refers to any accident involving a
City commercial motor vehicle or other City vehicle where: (1) the accident
results in a fatality; (2) the driver received a citation for a moving violation and
the accident involved bodily injury to any person who, as a result of the
accident, immediately receives medical treatment away from the scene; or (3)
the driver received a citation for a moving violation and the accident involved
one or more motor vehicles incurring disabling damages as a result of the
accident, requiring the motor vehicle to be transported away from the scene by
a tow truck or other motor vehicle. (Note: Other accidents and mishaps should
be evaluated to determine whether drivers need to be tested under the
reasonable suspicion procedures in section 6.3.)
6.5.1 Procedures: As soon as practicable foltowing an accident the City will
require the following employees to submit to drug and alcohol testing:
300-62 Drug and Alcohol Testing Program
for Drivers of Commercial Motor Vehicles
p. 14
6.5.1.1. Surviving drivers who were driving a commercial motor vehicle or
other City vehicle involved in an accident; and/or
6.5.1.2 Surviving drivers who received a citation from a law enforcement
official at the scene of the accident for a traffic violation arising
from the accident.
6.5.2 Drug and/or alcohol tests ordered by law enforcement officials may be
obtained by the City and used for the purposes of the regulation.
6.5.3 Supervisor Responsibilities: To implement this section, supervisors must:
6.5.3.1 Ensure all drivers receive appropriate information, procedures,
and instructions on post-accident protocol before drivers are
permitted to operate commercial motor vehicles or other City
vehicles for the City;
6.5.3.2 After an accident occurs, arrange for required tests, if not
already initiated by law enforcement officials;
6.5.3.3 Request that affected employees read and sign the Drug/Alcohol
Testing Consent Form and arrange to have such employees
transported to a testing facility (under no circumstances may the
employee be permitted to drive);
6.5.3.4 Document on the Supervisory Documentation Report Form facts
and observations related to any decision to order testing under
this policy, noting the time and date of both the accident and
the test along with standard accident investigation information.
6.5.3.5 If a required alcohol test is not administered within 2 hours
following an accident, the supervisor will continue to attempt to
ensure the employee is tested, and will document on the
Supervisory Documentation Report Form the reason(s)the test
was not promptly administered. If the alcohol test is still not
administered within 8 hours following an accident, the
supervisor will stop attempts to have the employee tested and
document on the form the specific reasons the employee was
not tested as required by the regulations.
6.5.3.6 If a drug test is not administered within 32 hours following an
accident, the supervisor shall discontinue attempts to have the
employee tested and document on the form the specific reasons
the employee was not tested as required by the regulations.
300-62 Drug and Alcohol Testing Program
for Drivers of Commercial Motor Vehicles
p. 15
6.5.3.7 The supervisor will remove the employee from safety-sensitive
duties until negative test results are received.
6.5.4 Driver Responsibilities:
6.5.4.1 As soon as possible, drivers must notify their supervisors after any
accident or mishap that involves injuries or property damage.
6.5.4.2 Drivers are to remain readily available for possible testing after
any accident or mishap involving injuries or property damage.
Failure to do so may be considered a refusal to submit to testing.
Because post-accident drug and alcohol testing should not delay
necessary medical attention for injured people, the driver may
leave the scene of an accident for the time necessary to obtain
assistance in responding to an accident.)
6.5.4.3 Drivers must refrain from the consumption of any products
containing alcohol or controlled substances for at least 8 hours
following an accident or until they take post-accident drug and/or
alcohol tests, whichever occurs first.
6.6 Consequences of Refusal to Submit to City-Ordered Drug and/or Alcohol Testing.
Any refusal to submit to testing constitutes a violation of this policy and
insubordination, and will subject an employee to discipline, up to and including
termination from City employment. At a minimum, any refusal to submit to
testing will subject an employee to the same procedures outlined in section 6.9
regarding consequences of engaging in a prohibited behavior.
6.7 Notification of Results and Verification Process:
6.7.1 Reporting Negative Test Results: As soon as possible the MRO will
provide individual notices reflecting negative drug or alcohol test results
to the Human Resources & Risk Management Administrator (DER) or
designee. The information will be promptly communicated to affected
employees and their division head.
6.7.2 Reporting Positive Drug Test Results:
6.7.2.1 After reviewing test results, the MRO will attempt to contact the
affected employee to advise him or her of the positive test
results.
6.7.2.2 If the employee cannot be reached, the MRO will contact the
DER, who will attempt to contact the employee to direct them to
300-62 Drug and Alcohol Testing Program
for Drivers of Commercial Motor Vehicles
p. 16
contact the MRO as soon as possible, before performing safety-
sensitive duties, and no later than 24 hours from such contact. If
the DER is unable to contact the employee, the employee's
supervisor may take whatever steps are necessary to see that the
employee is removed from safety-sensitive duties pending
further action by the department.
6.7.2.3 If the MRO does not hear from an employee within five (5) days
after requesting the DER's cooperation in contacting the
employee, the employee will have waived the opportunity to
present information concerning possible explanations of their
test results(s). When this occurs, the MRO will issue a final and
binding positive test result. However, the MRO may re-open the
verification for good cause.
6.7.2.4 If the MRO concludes, after appropriate review, that no
legitimate medical reason exists for a positive test, he or she must
report the verified positive test and the identity of the substance
found to the DER. This reporting will not be delayed pending split
specimen analysis. In addition, the MRO witl refer the employee
to the City's Employee Assistance Program (EAP).
6.7.2.5 The DER will report positive results to the appropriate division
head who will take action as outlined in section 6.8,
Consequences of Engaging in a Prohibited Behavior.
6.7.3 Request to Test a Split Specimen:
6.7.3.1 The MRO wilt notify each employee who has a verified positive
test that the employee has 72 hours in which to request a test of
a split specimen. If there is a good cause, the MRO has the
discretion to waive the 72 hour time limit and accept an
employee's request that a split sample be tested.
6.7.3.2 If requested, the MRO will direct the laboratory to send the
specimen to another laboratory for analysis.
6.7.3.3 All split specimen tests requested by employees will be
conducted at the requesting employee's expense. If analysis fails
to confirm the presence of drugs found in a primary specimen,
the MRO will report a negative result and the City will reimburse
the employee for the cost of the split specimen testing.
300-62 Drug and Alcohol Testing Program
for Drivers of Commercial Motor Vehicles
p. 17
6.7.3.4 If the split specimen is unavailable or inadequate for testing, the
MRO will cancel the test and report the cancellation and reasons
therefor to the DOT, the DER, and the affected employee. Such
event does not in any way restrict the discretion of the MRO to
verify results of a drug test without a split specimen.
6.8 Reporting Positive Alcohol Test Results: The BAT will immediately notify the
employee and the accompanying supervisor or designee of a positive alcohol test.
If a supervisor is not present, the BAT will immediately inform the DER of the test
result. Employees who have tested positive will not be permitted to drive. The
supervisor, DER or designee will assist in making transportation arrangements for
those employees.
6.9 Consequences of Engaging in a Prohibited Behavior: Covered employees who
engage in any prohibited behavior will be subject to discipline, up to and including
termination from City employment. If such employees are permitted to retain
employment with the City, they must comply with the treatment and follow-up
testing protocol outlined in this section.
6.9.1 Upon a determination that a driver has engaged in a prohibited behavior,
the appropriate supervisor will take whatever measures are necessary to
remove the employee from safety sensitive duties, investigate the
circumstances, and, when appropriate, make a recommendation for
disciplinary action.
6.9.2 The EAP should be used to advise the employee of resources available to
evaluate and resolve problems associated with alcohol misuse or
substance abuse, including names, addresses, and telephone numbers of
substance abuse professionals and counseling and treatment program.
6.9.3 The employee must obtain an evaluation by a DOT-qualified Substance
Abuse Professional (SAP) approved by the City, who must determine
what assistance and treatment, if any, the employee needs in resolving
problems associated with alcohol misuse and/or substance abuse, and
release the results of that evaluation to the DER.
6.9.4 If an employee wishes to maintain employment with the City, and the
City is willing to maintain employment, the employee must comply with
any and all of the SAP's treatment recommendations.
6.9.5 If permitted to remain in employment with the City, the employee will
submit to a return-to-work drug screen urinalysis and alcohol breath test
if both are required by the SAP, according to DOT protocols, with results
300-62 Drug and Alcohol Testing Program
for Drivers of Commercial Motor Vehicles
p. 18
to the SAP. The test may be an observed collection. This test must be
negative to continue with returning to work.
6.9.6 The SAP will then review the original assessment, the summary of any
treatment program and the drug/alcohot screen results to make a final
determination as to the employee's ability to return to work in a safety-
sensitive position. The SAP may interview the employee and may consult
with any involved counselors and the MRO to assist in making this
determination. The employee must consent to release information to the
SAP from all involved counselors and/or physicians.
6.9.7 Upon return to work, the employee will be subject to an individual
random testing program, the number and frequency to be determined
by the SAP, for at least 12 months (with at least 6 tests in the first 12
months) and up to 60 months at the discretion of the SAP and DER. All
test results must be negative or the return to work program is
terminated, and disciplinary action will be taken by the City. This testing
is in addition to all other testing already required by DOT regulations
e.g., random testing applicable to CDL employees). (Note: State or
federal officials may suspend or confiscate an employee's CDL and or
certification. In such event, the employee would not be qualified to
perform safety-sensitive duties and may face termination of their
employment with the City.)
6.9.8 Payment for evaluation and treatment may be covered under the
employee's health care benefit plan to the extent the plan allows. Any
cost not paid by the benefit plan will be the responsibility of the
employee.
6.10 Employee Expectations:
6.10.1 As a condition of employment, drivers are expected to perform their
duties in a manner consistent with this policy and applicable State and
federal regulations. It is expected and encouraged by City management
that employees voluntarily seek help for substance abuse problems
before their work performance is affected.
6.10.2 Employees will immediately be removed from all safety-sensitive
functions and be subject to discipline, up to and including termination
from City employment, if they do not comply with the following
expectations.
6.10.2.1 Appear for a random drug and/or alcohol test immediately
following notification to appear for such test(s).
300-62 Drug and Alcohol Testing Program
for Drivers of Commercial Motor Vehicles
p. 19
6.10.2.2 Submit to any aicohol or drug test ordered by the City; sign a
Drug/Alcohol Testing Consent Form; provide a breath and/or
unadulterated urine sampte; and test negative for the presence
of alcohol or drugs.
6.10.2.3 Remain alcohol free for eight (8) hours after an accident or until
post-accident alcohol and drug tests are administered,
whichever occurs first, and remain readily available for alcohol
and drug testing after any accident or mishap involving a
commercial motor vehicle or other City vehicle.
6.10.2.4 Not manufacture, distribute, dispense, possess, or use
controlled substances in the workplace.
6.10.2.5 Notify the division head within five days of any criminal drug
convictions.
6.10.2.6 Provide the City with a physician's written recommendation
that therapeutic drug use will not adversely affect their ability
to safely drive a commercial motor vehicle.
6.10.2.7 Report the condition of other employees to the supervisor
when the employee's condition presents a safety hazard to
him/herself or others.
6.10.3 Self-Disclosure of Drug or Alcohol Dependency.
6.10.3.1 In some cases alcohol and drug abuse can be a result of chemical
dependency that can be successfully treated with professional help.
Drivers who are having problems with alcohol or drug use are
encouraged to seek voluntary counseling and treatment. It is the
driver's responsibility to seek help when needed, and to do so
before substance abuse causes problems on the job, results in a
positive drug or alcohol test or results in disciplinary action.
6.10.3.2 Drivers who admit to alcohol misuse or controlled substances use
are not subject to the referral, evaluation, and treatment
requirements of 49 CFR Part 382 and 40, provided that the
admission is in accordance with this written, established voluntary
self-identification policy; the driver does not self-identify in order
to avoid testing; the driver makes the admission of alcohol misuse
or controlled substances use before performing a safety-sensitive
function; and the driver does not perform a safety-sensitive
function until the employer is satisfied that the driver has
300-62 Orug and Alcohol Testing Program
for Drivers of Commercial Motor Vehicles
p. 20
successfuliy completed education or treatment requirements in
accordance with the self-identification program guidelines.
6.10.3.3 Normally, the City will not take adverse action against a driver
making a voluntary admission of alcohol misuse or controlled
substances use provided that the admission occurs before the
employee has been subject to disciplinary action or the use/misuse
has affected job performance. In addition, the City will allow the
driver sufficient opportunity to seek an evaluation, education, or
treatment to establish control over the employee's drug or alcohol
problem. However, the City will permit the employee to return to
safety-sensitive duties only if the employee successfully completes
an educational or treatment program, as determined by a
substance abuse professional; and successfully passes return-to-
work alcohol and substance abuse tests.
The following Substance Abuse Professional can provide help and
referrals:
First Choice Health
1-800-777-4114
www.fchn.com
6.11 Supervisor Expectations and Responsibilities: As a condition of employment,
supervisors are expected to perform their duties in a manner consistent with
Drug and Alcohol Testing Program for Drivers of Commercial Motor Vehicles and
applicable state and federal regulations.
The supervisor is required to:
6.11.1 Preserve the confidentiality of names for random testing assuring that
employees who are to be tested are informed of the test in a timely
manner but no sooner than necessary on the day of the test to assure
that employees have no advance knowledge of the test.
6.11.2 Investigate any potentially credible reports of prohibited behaviors.
6.11.3 Require employees be tested for drugs and/or alcohol if there is
reasonable suspicion that an employee has engaged in a prohibited
behavior including drug abuse or alcohol misuse, and use the
Supervisor's Reasonable Suspicion Checklist and Supervisory
Documentation Report Form for documenting the behaviors,
appearance, speech, or body odors that led to the supervisor's
reasonable suspicion.
300-62 Drug and Alcohol Testing Program
for Drivers of Commercial Motor Vehicles
p.21
6.11.4 Provide the employee with an Alcohol/Drug Test Consent Form and
instruct the employee on what is to be read and signed by the employee.
6.11.5 Investigate vehicle accidents, documenting date/time of accident and
date/time of drug/alcohol testing.
6.11.6 For reasonable suspicion or post-accident testing, the supervisor will:
6.11.6.1 Transport the employee to the test site;
6.11.6.2 Provide the employee with the consent form for signature;
6.11.6.3 Obtain the results of the alcohol breath test at the test site.
6.11.6.4 Transport the employee back to the job site or facilitate
transportation to the employee's home if the alcohol test was
positive or if the employee appears to be impaired and should
not drive or, in rare circumstances, coordinate transportation to
a medical facility if impairment is severe enough to require
hospitalization.
6.11.7 Remove drivers from performing safety-sensitive duties when required
by the plan/program. Removal may be temporary pending the final
outcome.
6.11.8 Preserve the confidentiality of test results and disciplinary and other
actions taken involving employees under their supervision.
6.11.9 Supervisors required to have a CDL are subject to the drug and alcohol
testing requirement and are required to meet all of the expectations
tisted for employees.
6.11.10 Supervisors who are not holders of CDL's are expected to avoid engaging
in prohibited behaviors in order to successfully administer and uphold
the integrity of this program.
6.11.11 Carry out other supervisory or managerial duties and responsibilities
included in the Drug and Alcohol Testing program.
6.12 Human Resources and Risk Management (HRRM) Department:
6.12.1 The Administrator will appoint a Designated Employee Representative
DER) who coordinates with the City's contractor and, after consultation
with division heads, arranges regularly scheduled drug and alcohol
300-62 Drug and Alcohol Testing Program
for Drivers of Commercial Motor Vehicles
p.22
testing such as pre-employment and random tests. The DER also
provides employees with resource materials and referral assistance.
6.12.2 The DER provides Occupationat Health Services/Valley Medical Center, or
the current DOT testing vendor, with current information on the names
of employees in the testing pool.
6.12.3 The DER receives negative and positive test results from the MRO and
provides that information to the affected employees and, as necessary,
to the division director(s).
6.12.4 As part of the pre-employment procedure, the DER reviews the
requirements of the DOT drug testing policy and provides the candidate
with a packet of information including: a copy of this policy 300-62; a list
of drugs commonly abused and hotlines to treatment and intervention
services; a summary of the drug and alcohol program; a sample of the
referral form that Occupational Health uses for drug and alcohol testing;
a memo from the HRRM Administrator reiterating the requirements of
the Drug and Alcohol policy; and two consent forms for the candidate to
sign, acknowledging receipt of the aforementioned documents. These
forms are held in the HRRM Department for the duration of employment
of the employee.
6.12.5 The DER preserves the confidentiality of names for random testing,
assuring that employees who are to be tested are informed of the test in
a timely manner but no sooner than necessary on the day of the test to
assure that employees have no advance knowledge of the test.
6.12.6 The DER arranges for and schedules, with the assistance of the division
director(s), formal supervisory training and employee orientation as
necessary.
6.12.7 The DER preserves the confidentiality of positive test results and
disciplinary and other actions taken involving employees required to
participate in the drug and alcohol testing program.
6.12.8 The DER maintains records required under this policy, including test results,
in a secure location with controlled access. Each driver shall, upon written
request, be entitled to receive copies of his/her own records, and to have
copies of his/her records made available to any subsequent employer.
Information may also be disclosed to the relevant state or federal agencies,
or in connection with judicial, administrative or related proceedings (e.g.,
grievances and arbitration) initiated by or on behalf of the driver, or where
otherwise required by law.
300-62 Drug and Alcohol Testing Program
for Drivers of Commercial Motor Vehicles
p.23
6.12.9 The DER carries out other managerial duties and responsibilities included
in the Drug and Alcohol Testing program.
6.13 Division Director and his or her Designee's Responsibilities: The division
director and his or her designee will:
6.13.1 Receive random test notices from the HRRM Department and on the
scheduled day and time, inform the employees selected that testing
must take place immediately upon receipt of their notices.
6.13.2 Make transportation arrangements for employees, if necessary.
6.13.3 Preserve the confidentiality of employee names selected for random
testing and other testing.
6.13.4 Preserve the confidentiality of positive test results and disciplinary and
other actions taken involving employees under their direction.
6.13.5 Carry out other supervisory or managerial duties as responsibilities
included in the Drug and Alcohol Testing program.
6.14 Effects of Drug and Alcohol Use: DOT regulations require employers to furnish
information regarding the effects of alcohol and controlled substance use, as
well as the signs and symptoms of such use. Fact sheets regarding alcohol and
various controlled substances are available in the HRRM Department upon
request. Any employee who suspects that a co-worker has an alcohot or drug
problem may refer the co-worker to contact information for the Substance
Abuse Professional identified in this policy, First Choice Health, or to
management.